Unit 1 Developing ideas（导学案）英语新教材外研版九年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“青少年责任与国家未来”主题，聚焦核心词汇（如youth, shoulder the responsibility）、关键句型（如What responsibilities should young people take on?）及if条件状语从句。通过单词填空、翻译等基础练习导入，衔接阅读信息捕捉任务，最终引导学生设计“青少年责任”主题演讲稿，构建从语言输入到输出的学习支架。 这份导学案亮点显著，融入《少年中国说》文化背景提升文化意识，设计包含三要素的演讲稿任务培养思维品质，系统讲解词汇构词法（如creator由create+-or构成）和语法点（如被动语态）夯实语言能力，习题从基础到综合层层递进，助力学生自主学习与能力迁移。

Unit 1 Teenagers today Developing ideas导学案 1. 能识别并朗读与青少年责任和国家未来相关的词汇：youth, future, history, shoulder the responsibility, take action, intelligent, wealthy, independent, energetic, vast等。能理解询问青少年责任的核心句型：What responsibilities should young people take on? What is the duty of the times?（学习理解） 2. 能在阅读活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如作者背景、文章主旨、段落大意），完成填空、匹配等任务；能模仿示例，运用目标句型与同伴讨论青少年在国家发展中的责任。（应用实践） 3. 能根据提示设计“青少年责任”主题的演讲稿或文章，包含至少3个要素（What is the duty? Why is it important? How to fulfill it?）。能通过写作，表达对青少年责任的理解和承诺。（迁移创新） 重点：1. 掌握描述青少年责任和国家未来的核心词汇及句型； 2. 正确运用if条件状语从句表达因果关系和条件关系。 难点：1. 理解《少年中国说》中比喻手法的含义； 2. 连贯表达青少年对国家未来的责任和使命。 一、单词填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________________ 二十世纪之交 2. ____________________ 面临困境 3. ____________________ 国家的希望 4. ____________________ 号召某人做某事 5. ____________________ 承担责任 6. ____________________ 采取行动 7. ____________________ 使……强大且充满活力 8. ____________________ 相信;信赖 9. ____________________ 充满活力与希望 10. ____________________ 开创光明的未来 11. ____________________ 创造历史 12. ____________________ 努力奋斗;努力工作 13. ____________________ 时代的责任 14. ____________________ 落在某人身上 15. ____________________ 如海洋般无边无际 【答案】 1. turn of the 20th century 2. face difficulties 3. the hope of the nation 4. call on sb to do sth 5. shoulder the responsibility 6. take action 7. make ... strong and energetic 8. believe in 9. be full of energy and hope 10. build a bright future 11. make history 12. work hard 13. the duty of the times 14. fall on sb 15. as endless as the ocean 二、翻译 1. 《少年中国说》是他最著名的作品之一。 __________________________________________________________________ 2. 国家和人民都面临着巨大的困难。 __________________________________________________________________ 3. 在《少年中国说》中,他号召年轻人肩负起责任,采取行动,使中国变得强大而充满活力。 __________________________________________________________________ 4. 梁启超坚信年轻人的力量。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. 他把他们描述得充满活力和希望。 __________________________________________________________________ 6. 他坚信他们能为中国创造一个光明的未来。 __________________________________________________________________ 7. 虽然这是一项艰巨的任务,但是梁启超相信中国青年会创造历史。 __________________________________________________________________ 8. 如果我们明智,中国就是明智的;如果我们年轻,中国就是年轻的。 __________________________________________________________________ 9. 如果我们强大,中国就是强大的;如果我们独立,中国就是独立的。 __________________________________________________________________ 10. 如果我们自由,中国就是自由的;如果我们充满活力,中国就是充满活力的。 __________________________________________________________________ 11. 我们也有责任为自己的发展负责。 __________________________________________________________________ 12. 我们的未来是无穷无尽的。它将无比伟大和光明。 __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. “The Young China” is one of his most famous works. 2. The country and its people faced great difficulties. 3. In “The Young China”, he called on young people to shoulder the responsibility and take action to make China strong and energetic. 4. Liang strongly believed in the strength of young people. 5. He described them as full of energy and hope. 6. He was sure that they could build a bright future for China. 7. Although it would be a hard task, Liang believed that China’s youth would make history. 8. If we are wise, China will be wise; if we are young, China will be youthful. 9. If we are strong, China will be strong; if we are independent, China will be independent. 10. If we are free, China will be free; if we are full of energy and hope, China will be full of energy and hope. 11. We are also responsible for our own development. 12. Our future is as endless as the ocean. It will be great and bright. 知识点1：Young people are clever creators and thinkers. 年轻人是聪明的创造者和思考者。 (P9) 用法讲解： ▶后缀 -er / -or 表示“做某事的人”：creator 意为“创造者；创作者”（由create + -or构成）。 thinker 意为“思考者；思想家”（由think + -er构成）。 动词 名词（-er/-or） teach teacher work worker invent inventor act actor 知识点2：There are many awards that encourage children and teenagers around the world to play their part in solving problems. 有许多奖项鼓励世界各地的儿童和青少年在解决问题中发挥作用。（P9） 用法讲解： ▶award 意为“奖项；奖品” She won an award for her invention. 她因发明获得了奖项。 【辨析】award 和prize 词 含义 侧重点 award 奖项 正式、官方颁发的荣誉 prize 奖品/奖金 比赛获胜获得的奖励 ▶encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 My teacher encourages me to study hard. 我的老师鼓励我努力学习。 【拓展】encouragement 名词 鼓励 ▶play one’s part (in...) 意为“（在……中）起作用；尽自己的一份力”。 We should play our part in protecting the environment. 我们应该在保护环境中尽自己的一份力。 【同义短语】play a role in 扮演……角色 知识点3: but now there are far fewer lions. 然而，如今狮子的数量已大幅减少。(P10) 用法讲解： ▶far 可以作程度副词，修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“……得多”，用来加强语气。 This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本有趣得多。 She is far taller than her sister. 她比她姐姐高得多。 【拓展】修饰比较级的词还有：even, much, still, a lot , a little Today is a little hotter than yesterday. 今天天气比昨天稍热一些。 知识点4：He made the lion lights at the age of 11. 他在11岁时发明了狮子灯。 ▶at the age of... 意为“在……岁时”，相当于 when sb. was... years old。 She started learning English at the age of five. 她五岁时开始学英语。 知识点5：One night, he played with a light. The lions didn’t come near. 一天晚上，他玩着一盏灯。狮子没有靠近。 用法讲解 ▶play with 意为“玩……；玩弄……”。 Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 The cat is playing with a ball. 猫正在玩一个球。 ▶come near 意为“靠近；接近”。： 知识点6：Now his invention is used widely. 现在他的“狮子灯”被广泛使用。(P11) 用法讲解： ▶被动语态用法： 当动作的执行者不重要或不需要提及时，用被动语态。 The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。 句中被动be used 是被动语态（be + 过去分词），表示“被使用”。 widely 是副词，修饰动词used，意为“广泛地、程度大”。修饰动词 / 过去分词，表范围广、普遍；常和 known, used, spread 连用。 This story is widely known. 这个故事广为人知。 He travels widely. 他四处游历。 【拓展】wide adv. / adj. 作副词：侧重具体空间宽、张开幅度大。修饰动词 open, spread 等，指实物张开 / 拓宽。常见搭配：wide awake 清醒；far and wide 到处 She opened her eyes wide. 她睁大双眼。 The door was open wide. 门大开着。 知识点7：“The Young China” is one of his most famous works. 《少年中国说》是他最著名的作品之一。(P12) 背诵介绍：《少年中国说》 是梁启超写于1900年的一篇著名文章。当时正值八国联军侵华，中国面临亡国灭种的危险。梁启超在文中极力歌颂少年的朝气蓬勃，指出封建统治下的中国是“老大帝国”，而“少年中国”则充满希望。他热切希望出现“少年中国”，振奋人民的精神，激励年轻人肩负起建设新中国的责任。 ▶one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 意为“最……之一”。 This is one of the most interesting books I have ever read. 这是我看过的最有趣的书之一。 ▶work 在此处意为“作品”，是可数名词。 复数 works：多篇 / 多部作品（绘画、文学、音乐、雕塑、建筑等艺术、文学创作） This painting is a great work of art. 这幅画是一件杰出的艺术品。 I have read all of Shakespeare’s works. 我读完了莎士比亚全部的作品。 works of literature 文学作品 【拓展】work 还可作动词，表示 工作、起作用。 She works as an English teacher. 她是一名英语老师。 The new method really works. 这个新方法很有效。 【常见短语】work out 计算出；解决 work on 从事；致力于 知识点8：The turn of the 20th century was China’s darkest moments. 20世纪之交是中国历史上最黑暗的时期。（P12） 用法讲解： ▶turn 此处作名词，意为“转折点；转变；更替”，指从一种状态到另一种状态的变化点。 The turn of the 20th century was a time of great change. 20世纪之交是一个充满巨大变化的时代。 ▶darkest moment 不仅指“天最黑的时刻”，更比喻“最艰难、最困苦、最没有希望的时期”。 This was the darkest period in the country‘s history. 这是这个国家历史上最黑暗的时期。 知识点9：In the Young China, he called on young people to shoulder the responsibility and take action to make China strong and energetic. 在《青年中国》一书中，他号召青年一代肩负起责任，积极行动，使中国变得强大而充满活力。 用法讲解： ▶call on 意为“呼吁；号召；要求”，后接人 + 不定式。call on sb. to do sth. 呼吁/号召某人做某事 The teacher called on us to study hard. 老师号召我们努力学习。 The president called on everyone to save water. 总统呼吁每个人节约用水。 ▶shoulder the responsibility 承担责任 We should shoulder the responsibility of building the country. 我们应该肩负起建设国家的责任。 ▶ take action 是固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 take action (on sth.) 采取行动（做某事） The government took action to protect the endangered animals. 政府采取了行动来保护濒危动物。 知识点10：Liang strongly believed in the strength of young people. 梁某坚信年轻人的力量。(P12) 用法讲解： ▶believe in 意为“相信……的存在；信任；信仰”，后面接人、理论、理念或事物。 Do you believe in God? 您相信上帝吗？ (相信……的存在、信仰) I believe in you. 我相信你。（信任某人） He believes in hard work. 他信奉勤奋工作。（相信……的价值/作用） 【辨析】believe believe + sb./sth. 相信某人说的话/某事是真的 I believe him.（我相信他说的话） ▶strongly 是副词，意为“强烈地；坚定地；有力地”，修饰动词，表示程度很深。 She strongly advised me to study abroad. 她强烈建议我出国留学。 ▶strength 是名词，意为“力量；力气；优点；长处”。 He doesn‘t have enough strength to lift it. 他力气不够，无法举起它。 Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses. 每个人都有自己的长处和短处。 知识点11：He described them as full of energy and hope. 他将他们描述为充满能量和希望。(P12) 用法讲解： ▶describe...as... 意为“把……描述为……；把……称为……”，后接名词、形容词 I would describe her as a true hero. 我会把她描述为一位真正的英雄。 He described the experience as unforgettable. 他把那次经历描述为难忘的 【拓展】description 名词，描述 She gave a clear description of the accident. 她对事故做了一个清晰的描述。 知识点12：Below are the best-known lines from “The Young China”. 以下是《少年中国说》中最著名的句子。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶本句是全部倒装句，将状语 below 置于句首，谓语动词 are 放在主语之前。 正常语序： The best-known lines from “The Young China” are below. 【倒装规则】 当表示地点的副词（here, there, below, above, in, out, away, off 等）置于句首时，若主语是名词，句子常用全部倒装（谓语动词提前）。 Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。 There stands an old tree. 那儿有一棵老树。 Below is a list of names. 下面是名单。 【注意】 如果主语是代词，则不倒装。 Here it is. ✅（it是代词，不倒装） Here is your book. ✅（your book是名词，倒装） ▶best-known 是 well-known 的最高级形式，意为“最著名的；最广为人知的”。 ▶lines 在此处意为“（诗歌或文章中的）句子；诗句；行” These lines are from a famous poem. 这些诗句出自一首著名的诗作。 She forgot her lines on stage. 她在台上忘词了。 line 线条；线路 Draw a straight line. 画一条直线。 The phone line is busy. 电话线路占线。 【拓展】read between the lines 读懂言外之意 line by line 逐行地 知识点13：Although it would be a hard task, Liang believed that China’s youth would make history. 尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，但梁相信中国青年将创造历史。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶make history 创造历史；做出名垂青史的事 Neil Armstrong made history by walking on the moon. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗通过登上月球创造了历史。 The Chinese women‘s volleyball team made history by winning the gold medal. 中国女排通过赢得金牌创造了历史。 ▶although让步状语从句表示“虽然……但是……”，从句说一个事实，主句说与之相反或出乎意料的结果。 Although he was tired, he kept working. 虽然他累了，但他继续工作。 Although she is young, she knows a lot. 虽然她年轻，但她知道很多。 Although the task was difficult, they finished it on time. 虽然任务很困难，但他们按时完成了。 知识点14：The duty of the times falls on us youth alone. 时代的责任落在我们青年肩上。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶duty 意为“责任；义务” It’s our duty to protect our country. 保护国家是我们的责任。 Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日？ 【拓展】近义表达：attract (one’s) attention， catch (one’s) attention， get (one’s) attention ▶fall on“落在……上” 1. （节日、日期）适逢；落在（某一天）= happen to be on (a date/day) The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on October 6 this year. 今年中秋节恰逢 10 月 6 日。 2. 责任 / 重担落到… 身上 = become the responsibility of sb The task falls on us. 这项任务落在了我们肩上。 The blame fell on him. 所有指责都归咎于他。 3.（目光）落在… 上 Her eyes fell on an old photo. 她的目光落在一张旧照片上。 知识点15：If we are wise, China will be wise; If we are wealthy, China will be wealthy; If we are strong, China will be strong. 如果我们聪明，中国就会聪明；如果我们富有，中国就会富有；如果我们强大，中国就会强大。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶wealthy（adj. 富有的） She comes from a wealthy family. 她来自一个富有的家庭。 He became wealthy through years of hard work. 经过多年的努力工作，他变得富有了。 The wealthiest people are not always the happiest. 最富有的人并不总是最幸福的。 【拓展】wealth n. 财富 Health is more important than wealth. 健康比财富更重要。（名词） 知识点16：Blue sky over our heads, yellow earth under our feet. 头顶是蔚蓝的天空，脚下是黄色的大地。(P13) ▶over 是介词，意为“在……上方”，强调垂直上方且不接触。 The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶。 The bridge is over the river. 桥在河上方。 【辨析】 词 含义 用法 例句 over 在……正上方（不接触） 强调垂直 the sky over our heads above 在……上方（不接触） 不一定垂直 the bird is flying above the tree on 在……上面（接触） 强调接触面 the book is on the desk ▶under 是介词，意为“在……下方”，与 over 正好相反。 under our feet 在我们脚下 under the tree 在树下 知识点17：So beautiful is our young China. It will stand forever in the world. 我们年轻的中国如此美丽，她将永远屹立于世界之林。(P13) ▶So beautiful is our young China 是倒装句（So + 形容词 + be + 主语），用于强调。 属于部分倒装，目的是加强语气、突出形容词，多用于书面、抒情、诗歌。 So great are our Chinese youth. 我们中国青年如此伟大。 So bright are the stars. 繁星如此璀璨。 So brave are the teenagers. 少年们如此勇敢。 ▶stand 是不及物动词，此处意为“屹立；存在”。 stand forever 永远屹立 stand firm 坚定站立 stand the test of time 经受住时间的考验 stand in the world = 在世界存在/立于世界 知识点18：They will rise along with our motherland. 他们将与祖国一同崛起。(P13) ▶rise 是不及物动词，意为“上升；升起；崛起；增长”。 在本文中的含义： 崛起（比喻一个国家、民族或群体变得强大、兴盛） She rises at 6 a.m. every day. 她每天早上6点起床。 He raised his hand. 他举起了手。（及物，有宾语hand） China is rising. 中国正在崛起。 The price of oil is rising. 油价正在上涨。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ▶along with 是介词短语，意为“与……一起；连同……一起”。 A along with B + 谓语动词（谓语与A一致，即与along with前面的主语一致，遵循“就远原则”） He along with his parents is going to Beijing. 他和他父母一起去北京。（谓语与He一致，用is） I along with my friends enjoy reading. 我和朋友们都喜欢阅读。（谓语与I一致，用enjoy 一、单词拼写 1. As a well-known e______（教育家）, he wrote many articles. 2. We should s______（承担）the responsibility for our country. 3. If we are i______（聪明的）, China will be intelligent. 4. The morning sun gives off a s______（强烈的）light. 5. This is one of his most famous w______（作品）. 【答案】1. educator 2. shoulder 3. intelligent 4. strong 5. works 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1. If he ______ (come) tomorrow, I will tell him. 2. The flower ______ (give) off a sweet smell. 3. We should take ______ (act) to protect the environment. 4. She is one of the ______ (great) writers in China. 5. The sun ______ (rise) in the east every day. 【答案】1. comes 2. gives 3. action 4. greatest 5. rises 三、完成句子 1. 时代的责任落在我们青年肩上。 The duty of the times ______ ______ us youth. 2. 如果我们强大，中国就会强大。 If we are ______, China will be ______. 3. 我们应该为建设新中国承担起责任。 We should ______ the ______ for building a new China. 1. 在帮助他人的过程中，每个人都应该尽自己的一份力。 Everyone should ______ ______ ______ in helping others. 2. 他的发明被广泛使用。 His invention ______ ______ ______. 【答案】1. falls on 2. strong; strong 3. shoulder; responsibility 4. play his/her part 5. is widely used 4、 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tea is to Chinese people what coffee is to Westerners. It’s a 1 that a host often welcomes his guests by serving them a cup of tea. In Chinese tea culture, there are some 2 to follow which we call tea manners, just like table manners. First, the guests are supposed to be seated in order of importance from the left-hand side of the host. It 3 that older and superior (地位高的) guests are usually seated first. Don’t sit face to face with the host because it is considered 4 . If it is inevitable (不可避免的), children should take this seat. Second, when being served with tea, guests should receive the teacup with 5 hands. Don’t forget to 6 your thanks to the host. In China, finger tapping (敲) is a 7 way to give silent thanks to the person pouring tea for you. Do you know 8 to do it? Just tap the table three times with two fingers (sometimes, one or five) each time your cup is 9 tea by another person. Third, the tea is usually 10 in a small cup, as this allows the tea to cool faster. However, no matter what size the cup is, don’t drink it at once. 1．A．decision B．symbol C．request D．tradition 2．A．rules B．reasons C．plans D．changes 3．A．notices B．means C．reminds D．helps 4．A．secret B．confident C．impolite D．comfortable 5．A．both B．either C．all D．neither 6．A．receive B．express C．accept D．polish 7．A．strange B．wrong C．difficult D．common 8．A．how B．when C．why D．where 9．A．covered with B．played with C．compared with D．filled with 10．A．behaved B．discovered C．served D．processed 【答案】1-5．DABCA 6-10．BDADC 5、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Success is often thought to be the opposite 1 failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get on 2 (good) with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) success according to grades, 3 now they pay more attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers succeed in 4 (build)human relationships. Schools give 5 (chance) to students to find their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those 6 are not so good at speaking skills are encouraged 7 (take) part in speech competitions while those who are interested in arts are expected to perform in front of classmates. Teachers and parents often tell 8 (we) that success is not easy to achieve. It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Another good quality is 9 sense of responsibility (责任). Teenagers should always remember what they have to do. Moreover, self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed. Self-motivated teenagers will have 10 (strong) will (决心) than others, try their best in all kinds of tasks and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement. 【答案】1．of 2．well 3．but 4．building 5．chances 6．who 7．to take 8． us 9．a 10．stronger 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $Unit 1 Teenagers today Developing ideas导学案 1. 能识别并朗读与青少年责任和国家未来相关的词汇：youth, future, history, shoulder the responsibility, take action, intelligent, wealthy, independent, energetic, vast等。能理解询问青少年责任的核心句型：What responsibilities should young people take on? What is the duty of the times?（学习理解） 2. 能在阅读活动中准确捕捉关键信息（如作者背景、文章主旨、段落大意），完成填空、匹配等任务；能模仿示例，运用目标句型与同伴讨论青少年在国家发展中的责任。（应用实践） 3. 能根据提示设计“青少年责任”主题的演讲稿或文章，包含至少3个要素（What is the duty? Why is it important? How to fulfill it?）。能通过写作，表达对青少年责任的理解和承诺。（迁移创新） 重点：1. 掌握描述青少年责任和国家未来的核心词汇及句型； 2. 正确运用if条件状语从句表达因果关系和条件关系。 难点：1. 理解《少年中国说》中比喻手法的含义； 2. 连贯表达青少年对国家未来的责任和使命。 一、单词填空 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ____________________ 二十世纪之交 2. ____________________ 面临困境 3. ____________________ 国家的希望 4. ____________________ 号召某人做某事 5. ____________________ 承担责任 6. ____________________ 采取行动 7. ____________________ 使……强大且充满活力 8. ____________________ 相信;信赖 9. ____________________ 充满活力与希望 10. ____________________ 开创光明的未来 11. ____________________ 创造历史 12. ____________________ 努力奋斗;努力工作 13. ____________________ 时代的责任 14. ____________________ 落在某人身上 15. ____________________ 如海洋般无边无际 二、翻译 1. 《少年中国说》是他最著名的作品之一。 __________________________________________________________________ 2. 国家和人民都面临着巨大的困难。 __________________________________________________________________ 3. 在《少年中国说》中,他号召年轻人肩负起责任,采取行动,使中国变得强大而充满活力。 __________________________________________________________________ 4. 梁启超坚信年轻人的力量。 __________________________________________________________________ 5. 他把他们描述得充满活力和希望。 __________________________________________________________________ 6. 他坚信他们能为中国创造一个光明的未来。 __________________________________________________________________ 7. 虽然这是一项艰巨的任务,但是梁启超相信中国青年会创造历史。 __________________________________________________________________ 8. 如果我们明智,中国就是明智的;如果我们年轻,中国就是年轻的。 __________________________________________________________________ 9. 如果我们强大,中国就是强大的;如果我们独立,中国就是独立的。 __________________________________________________________________ 10. 如果我们自由,中国就是自由的;如果我们充满活力,中国就是充满活力的。 __________________________________________________________________ 11. 我们也有责任为自己的发展负责。 __________________________________________________________________ 12. 我们的未来是无穷无尽的。它将无比伟大和光明。 __________________________________________________________________ 知识点1：Young people are clever creators and thinkers. 年轻人是聪明的创造者和思考者。 (P9) 用法讲解： ▶后缀 -er / -or 表示“做某事的人”：creator 意为“创造者；创作者”（由create + -or构成）。 thinker 意为“思考者；思想家”（由think + -er构成）。 动词 名词（-er/-or） teach teacher work worker invent inventor act actor 知识点2：There are many awards that encourage children and teenagers around the world to play their part in solving problems. 有许多奖项鼓励世界各地的儿童和青少年在解决问题中发挥作用。（P9） 用法讲解： ▶award 意为“奖项；奖品” She won an award for her invention. 她因发明获得了奖项。 【辨析】award 和prize 词 含义 侧重点 award 奖项 正式、官方颁发的荣誉 prize 奖品/奖金 比赛获胜获得的奖励 ▶encourage sb. to do sth. 意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 My teacher encourages me to study hard. 我的老师鼓励我努力学习。 【拓展】encouragement 名词 鼓励 ▶play one’s part (in...) 意为“（在……中）起作用；尽自己的一份力”。 We should play our part in protecting the environment. 我们应该在保护环境中尽自己的一份力。 【同义短语】play a role in 扮演……角色 知识点3: but now there are far fewer lions. 然而，如今狮子的数量已大幅减少。(P10) 用法讲解： ▶far 可以作程度副词，修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“……得多”，用来加强语气。 This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本有趣得多。 She is far taller than her sister. 她比她姐姐高得多。 【拓展】修饰比较级的词还有：even, much, still, a lot , a little Today is a little hotter than yesterday. 今天天气比昨天稍热一些。 知识点4：He made the lion lights at the age of 11. 他在11岁时发明了狮子灯。 ▶at the age of... 意为“在……岁时”，相当于 when sb. was... years old。 She started learning English at the age of five. 她五岁时开始学英语。 知识点5：One night, he played with a light. The lions didn’t come near. 一天晚上，他玩着一盏灯。狮子没有靠近。 用法讲解 ▶play with 意为“玩……；玩弄……”。 Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 The cat is playing with a ball. 猫正在玩一个球。 ▶come near 意为“靠近；接近”。： 知识点6：Now his invention is used widely. 现在他的“狮子灯”被广泛使用。(P11) 用法讲解： ▶被动语态用法： 当动作的执行者不重要或不需要提及时，用被动语态。 The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。 句中被动be used 是被动语态（be + 过去分词），表示“被使用”。 widely 是副词，修饰动词used，意为“广泛地、程度大”。修饰动词 / 过去分词，表范围广、普遍；常和 known, used, spread 连用。 This story is widely known. 这个故事广为人知。 He travels widely. 他四处游历。 【拓展】wide adv. / adj. 作副词：侧重具体空间宽、张开幅度大。修饰动词 open, spread 等，指实物张开 / 拓宽。常见搭配：wide awake 清醒；far and wide 到处 She opened her eyes wide. 她睁大双眼。 The door was open wide. 门大开着。 知识点7：“The Young China” is one of his most famous works. 《少年中国说》是他最著名的作品之一。(P12) 背诵介绍：《少年中国说》 是梁启超写于1900年的一篇著名文章。当时正值八国联军侵华，中国面临亡国灭种的危险。梁启超在文中极力歌颂少年的朝气蓬勃，指出封建统治下的中国是“老大帝国”，而“少年中国”则充满希望。他热切希望出现“少年中国”，振奋人民的精神，激励年轻人肩负起建设新中国的责任。 ▶one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 意为“最……之一”。 This is one of the most interesting books I have ever read. 这是我看过的最有趣的书之一。 ▶work 在此处意为“作品”，是可数名词。 复数 works：多篇 / 多部作品（绘画、文学、音乐、雕塑、建筑等艺术、文学创作） This painting is a great work of art. 这幅画是一件杰出的艺术品。 I have read all of Shakespeare’s works. 我读完了莎士比亚全部的作品。 works of literature 文学作品 【拓展】work 还可作动词，表示 工作、起作用。 She works as an English teacher. 她是一名英语老师。 The new method really works. 这个新方法很有效。 【常见短语】work out 计算出；解决 work on 从事；致力于 知识点8：The turn of the 20th century was China’s darkest moments. 20世纪之交是中国历史上最黑暗的时期。（P12） 用法讲解： ▶turn 此处作名词，意为“转折点；转变；更替”，指从一种状态到另一种状态的变化点。 The turn of the 20th century was a time of great change. 20世纪之交是一个充满巨大变化的时代。 ▶darkest moment 不仅指“天最黑的时刻”，更比喻“最艰难、最困苦、最没有希望的时期”。 This was the darkest period in the country‘s history. 这是这个国家历史上最黑暗的时期。 知识点9：In the Young China, he called on young people to shoulder the responsibility and take action to make China strong and energetic. 在《青年中国》一书中，他号召青年一代肩负起责任，积极行动，使中国变得强大而充满活力。 用法讲解： ▶call on 意为“呼吁；号召；要求”，后接人 + 不定式。call on sb. to do sth. 呼吁/号召某人做某事 The teacher called on us to study hard. 老师号召我们努力学习。 The president called on everyone to save water. 总统呼吁每个人节约用水。 ▶shoulder the responsibility 承担责任 We should shoulder the responsibility of building the country. 我们应该肩负起建设国家的责任。 ▶ take action 是固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 take action (on sth.) 采取行动（做某事） The government took action to protect the endangered animals. 政府采取了行动来保护濒危动物。 知识点10：Liang strongly believed in the strength of young people. 梁某坚信年轻人的力量。(P12) 用法讲解： ▶believe in 意为“相信……的存在；信任；信仰”，后面接人、理论、理念或事物。 Do you believe in God? 您相信上帝吗？ (相信……的存在、信仰) I believe in you. 我相信你。（信任某人） He believes in hard work. 他信奉勤奋工作。（相信……的价值/作用） 【辨析】believe believe + sb./sth. 相信某人说的话/某事是真的 I believe him.（我相信他说的话） ▶strongly 是副词，意为“强烈地；坚定地；有力地”，修饰动词，表示程度很深。 She strongly advised me to study abroad. 她强烈建议我出国留学。 ▶strength 是名词，意为“力量；力气；优点；长处”。 He doesn‘t have enough strength to lift it. 他力气不够，无法举起它。 Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses. 每个人都有自己的长处和短处。 知识点11：He described them as full of energy and hope. 他将他们描述为充满能量和希望。(P12) 用法讲解： ▶describe...as... 意为“把……描述为……；把……称为……”，后接名词、形容词 I would describe her as a true hero. 我会把她描述为一位真正的英雄。 He described the experience as unforgettable. 他把那次经历描述为难忘的 【拓展】description 名词，描述 She gave a clear description of the accident. 她对事故做了一个清晰的描述。 知识点12：Below are the best-known lines from “The Young China”. 以下是《少年中国说》中最著名的句子。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶本句是全部倒装句，将状语 below 置于句首，谓语动词 are 放在主语之前。 正常语序： The best-known lines from “The Young China” are below. 【倒装规则】 当表示地点的副词（here, there, below, above, in, out, away, off 等）置于句首时，若主语是名词，句子常用全部倒装（谓语动词提前）。 Here comes the bus. 公交车来了。 There stands an old tree. 那儿有一棵老树。 Below is a list of names. 下面是名单。 【注意】 如果主语是代词，则不倒装。 Here it is. ✅（it是代词，不倒装） Here is your book. ✅（your book是名词，倒装） ▶best-known 是 well-known 的最高级形式，意为“最著名的；最广为人知的”。 ▶lines 在此处意为“（诗歌或文章中的）句子；诗句；行” These lines are from a famous poem. 这些诗句出自一首著名的诗作。 She forgot her lines on stage. 她在台上忘词了。 line 线条；线路 Draw a straight line. 画一条直线。 The phone line is busy. 电话线路占线。 【拓展】read between the lines 读懂言外之意 line by line 逐行地 知识点13：Although it would be a hard task, Liang believed that China’s youth would make history. 尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，但梁相信中国青年将创造历史。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶make history 创造历史；做出名垂青史的事 Neil Armstrong made history by walking on the moon. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗通过登上月球创造了历史。 The Chinese women‘s volleyball team made history by winning the gold medal. 中国女排通过赢得金牌创造了历史。 ▶although让步状语从句表示“虽然……但是……”，从句说一个事实，主句说与之相反或出乎意料的结果。 Although he was tired, he kept working. 虽然他累了，但他继续工作。 Although she is young, she knows a lot. 虽然她年轻，但她知道很多。 Although the task was difficult, they finished it on time. 虽然任务很困难，但他们按时完成了。 知识点14：The duty of the times falls on us youth alone. 时代的责任落在我们青年肩上。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶duty 意为“责任；义务” It’s our duty to protect our country. 保护国家是我们的责任。 Who is on duty today? 今天谁值日？ 【拓展】近义表达：attract (one’s) attention， catch (one’s) attention， get (one’s) attention ▶fall on“落在……上” 1. （节日、日期）适逢；落在（某一天）= happen to be on (a date/day) The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on October 6 this year. 今年中秋节恰逢 10 月 6 日。 2. 责任 / 重担落到… 身上 = become the responsibility of sb The task falls on us. 这项任务落在了我们肩上。 The blame fell on him. 所有指责都归咎于他。 3.（目光）落在… 上 Her eyes fell on an old photo. 她的目光落在一张旧照片上。 知识点15：If we are wise, China will be wise; If we are wealthy, China will be wealthy; If we are strong, China will be strong. 如果我们聪明，中国就会聪明；如果我们富有，中国就会富有；如果我们强大，中国就会强大。(P13) 用法讲解： ▶wealthy（adj. 富有的） She comes from a wealthy family. 她来自一个富有的家庭。 He became wealthy through years of hard work. 经过多年的努力工作，他变得富有了。 The wealthiest people are not always the happiest. 最富有的人并不总是最幸福的。 【拓展】wealth n. 财富 Health is more important than wealth. 健康比财富更重要。（名词） 知识点16：Blue sky over our heads, yellow earth under our feet. 头顶是蔚蓝的天空，脚下是黄色的大地。(P13) ▶over 是介词，意为“在……上方”，强调垂直上方且不接触。 The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶。 The bridge is over the river. 桥在河上方。 【辨析】 词 含义 用法 例句 over 在……正上方（不接触） 强调垂直 the sky over our heads above 在……上方（不接触） 不一定垂直 the bird is flying above the tree on 在……上面（接触） 强调接触面 the book is on the desk ▶under 是介词，意为“在……下方”，与 over 正好相反。 under our feet 在我们脚下 under the tree 在树下 知识点17：So beautiful is our young China. It will stand forever in the world. 我们年轻的中国如此美丽，她将永远屹立于世界之林。(P13) ▶So beautiful is our young China 是倒装句（So + 形容词 + be + 主语），用于强调。 属于部分倒装，目的是加强语气、突出形容词，多用于书面、抒情、诗歌。 So great are our Chinese youth. 我们中国青年如此伟大。 So bright are the stars. 繁星如此璀璨。 So brave are the teenagers. 少年们如此勇敢。 ▶stand 是不及物动词，此处意为“屹立；存在”。 stand forever 永远屹立 stand firm 坚定站立 stand the test of time 经受住时间的考验 stand in the world = 在世界存在/立于世界 知识点18：They will rise along with our motherland. 他们将与祖国一同崛起。(P13) ▶rise 是不及物动词，意为“上升；升起；崛起；增长”。 在本文中的含义： 崛起（比喻一个国家、民族或群体变得强大、兴盛） She rises at 6 a.m. every day. 她每天早上6点起床。 He raised his hand. 他举起了手。（及物，有宾语hand） China is rising. 中国正在崛起。 The price of oil is rising. 油价正在上涨。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ▶along with 是介词短语，意为“与……一起；连同……一起”。 A along with B + 谓语动词（谓语与A一致，即与along with前面的主语一致，遵循“就远原则”） He along with his parents is going to Beijing. 他和他父母一起去北京。（谓语与He一致，用is） I along with my friends enjoy reading. 我和朋友们都喜欢阅读。（谓语与I一致，用enjoy 一、单词拼写 1. As a well-known e______（教育家）, he wrote many articles. 2. We should s______（承担）the responsibility for our country. 3. If we are i______（聪明的）, China will be intelligent. 4. The morning sun gives off a s______（强烈的）light. 5. This is one of his most famous w______（作品）. 二、用所给词适当形式填空 1. If he ______ (come) tomorrow, I will tell him. 2. The flower ______ (give) off a sweet smell. 3. We should take ______ (act) to protect the environment. 4. She is one of the ______ (great) writers in China. 5. The sun ______ (rise) in the east every day. 三、完成句子 1. 时代的责任落在我们青年肩上。 The duty of the times ______ ______ us youth. 2. 如果我们强大，中国就会强大。 If we are ______, China will be ______. 3. 我们应该为建设新中国承担起责任。 We should ______ the ______ for building a new China. 1. 在帮助他人的过程中，每个人都应该尽自己的一份力。 Everyone should ______ ______ ______ in helping others. 2. 他的发明被广泛使用。 His invention ______ ______ ______. 4、 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tea is to Chinese people what coffee is to Westerners. It’s a 1 that a host often welcomes his guests by serving them a cup of tea. In Chinese tea culture, there are some 2 to follow which we call tea manners, just like table manners. First, the guests are supposed to be seated in order of importance from the left-hand side of the host. It 3 that older and superior (地位高的) guests are usually seated first. Don’t sit face to face with the host because it is considered 4 . If it is inevitable (不可避免的), children should take this seat. Second, when being served with tea, guests should receive the teacup with 5 hands. Don’t forget to 6 your thanks to the host. In China, finger tapping (敲) is a 7 way to give silent thanks to the person pouring tea for you. Do you know 8 to do it? Just tap the table three times with two fingers (sometimes, one or five) each time your cup is 9 tea by another person. Third, the tea is usually 10 in a small cup, as this allows the tea to cool faster. However, no matter what size the cup is, don’t drink it at once. 1．A．decision B．symbol C．request D．tradition 2．A．rules B．reasons C．plans D．changes 3．A．notices B．means C．reminds D．helps 4．A．secret B．confident C．impolite D．comfortable 5．A．both B．either C．all D．neither 6．A．receive B．express C．accept D．polish 7．A．strange B．wrong C．difficult D．common 8．A．how B．when C．why D．where 9．A．covered with B．played with C．compared with D．filled with 10．A．behaved B．discovered C．served D．processed 5、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Success is often thought to be the opposite 1 failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get on 2 (good) with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) success according to grades, 3 now they pay more attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers succeed in 4 (build)human relationships. Schools give 5 (chance) to students to find their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those 6 are not so good at speaking skills are encouraged 7 (take) part in speech competitions while those who are interested in arts are expected to perform in front of classmates. Teachers and parents often tell 8 (we) that success is not easy to achieve. It lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Another good quality is 9 sense of responsibility (责任). Teenagers should always remember what they have to do. Moreover, self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed. Self-motivated teenagers will have 10 (strong) will (决心) than others, try their best in all kinds of tasks and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ $