【暑假培优 ★ 新高二】第11讲：阅读理解记叙文+题型综合练+高考词汇进阶（全国通用）-新高二英语提升拓展精品讲义

第11讲：阅读理解记叙文+题型综合练+高考核心词汇进阶 内容导航 目录 内容 语法精选：阅读理解记叙文类 或新闻报道类 考点01 细节事实题 考点02 推理推断题 考点03 词义、句义猜测题 考点04 主题理解或写作意图推断题 题型综合练 语法填空（人与自我） 七选五 高考核心词汇积累 M字母高考核心词汇 课堂精讲 考点一、细节事实理解题 【考点诠释】 在做直接事实题时，要抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。做间接事实题时，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。数据推算题要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。 · 精准定位：仔细阅读题目，确定关键词（如人名、地名、时间、事件等），然后在新闻报道中快速定位包含这些关键词的句子或段落。 · 比对信息：将选项与定位到的原文内容逐字比对。注意选项中的细节表述与原文是否完全一致，包括数字、范围、程度等。 【示例1】 When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2010, I wanted to bring it to my school, St Anthony’s, in the remote village of Wasalakotte. This became a challenging task as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything other than traditional sports, such as cricket and rugby. However, I decided to start this game. Handball is a fascinating (有吸引力的) game which combines speed, technical precision, skill and teamwork. The boys were immediately interested and 40 students aged between 13 and 19 signed up to play. And I had the support of their parents. ........ 16．Why was it hard to start handball in St. Anthony’s? A．The school lacked facilities. B．The teachers were opposed to it. C．The parents were resistant to it. D．The students showed no interest. 【示例2】 As I stepped out of the punishing Arizona heat and into the cool air-conditioned hall of the meeting centre, I saw a sea of costumed attendees. Some wore complicated steampunk clothes; others were dressed up as their favourite Marvel or Star Wars characters. “How could I agree to this?” I thought as I made my way to the room where I’d give a talk about the science behind the classic Dune books by Frank Herbert. Then I saw the audience’s excitement. I had been struggling for years to find new ways to communicate science to a broad audience. When I went into my Ph. D．programme, research soon began to consume most of my time. When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D．field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world. Then I took a trip to Maine, where many fellows were great readers and excited to share stories about the latest books they’d consumed. I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D．killing my love of science?” I thought. When I returned home, I determined to devote more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure. My eldest brother had recommended a science fiction book, so I started with that. It was refreshing to think about science in a new way. ......... 1．What did the author have difficulty doing during his Ph. D．programme? A．Making his research accepted by co-workers. B．Balancing work and personal life. C．Explaining the practical value of his research. D．Keeping up with the latest scientific papers. 2．What caused the author to question his love of science? A．He struggled to understand what the fellows shared. B．He lacked interest in reading science books. C．He failed to recall the last book he’d read for fun. D．He suffered great pressure from his Ph. D． 考点二、推理推断题 【考点诠释】 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。推断题是属于难度较高的一类题型，需要学生在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过分析语篇内在逻辑和理解其中的细节内容的暗示，理解文章深层意义和隐含意义，然后作出一定的推理判断，切忌凭空猜想，而要以原文内容为依据，对文章信息细致分析、深入挖掘，揭示其深层含义，同时也要注意避免过度推断。 区间定位是快速定位的重要手段之一，使用区间定位能够帮助学生在没有完全读懂原文的情况下尽可能答对较多的题。 · 抓住关键信息进行推理：善于捕捉文章中的关键词或短语，利用这些信息进行分析、推理和判断，从而推断出隐含的深层含义。 · 结合语境和常识：利用文章的语境和已知常识进行逻辑推理，如通过语境的褒贬性来推断人物心理、作者意图等。 · 区分观点与事实：明确文章中哪些是作者的观点、态度，哪些是客观事实，避免将作者的观点误认为事实。 【示例1】 But the long-term goal is to see more bonobos living in the wild. So Lola has set up a second sanctuary called Ekolo ya Bonobo hundreds of miles away. “It’s a place where bonobos used to live,” says Dr. Raphael Belais at Lola. “But unfortunately during the war hunting was widespread so there are no more bonobos in this part of the forest.” ............. Their future, though, will be determined by Congolese people like the students who came to Lola today. So I asked a 10-year-old named Gaska Basili, what he learned about bonobos during the visit. “They are like our brothers,” he replied in French. “And what would you do if you saw a bonobo being kept illegally?” I asked. “I would call my teacher,” he said. 4．What can we infer from Gaska Basili’s words? A．He was uninterested in bonobos. B．He found it hard to save bonobos. C．His visiting the bonobos was a helpful lesson. D．His teacher was a top bonobo professional. 【示例2】 Major scenic spots offer chance to wear stylish hanfu and provide diverse activities for enthusiasts with a sense of style and history, Yang Feiyue reports. Hanfu generally refers to clothing of the Han people before the Manchus reigned in the Qing Dynasty. The traditional costume often features a long flowing robe with long loose sleeves and a belt at the waist. According to Guangzhou-based market consultancy iiMedia Research, China’s hanfu market has been growing rapidly. The number of hanfu fans is expected to reach 6.89 million this year, and market sales to hit at least 10.16 billion yuan ($1.46 billion). A report from business media outlet Yicai and Tmall showed that female consumers born after 1995 made up the biggest consumer group of hanfu in 2019, comprising 80 percent of all consumers. Popular television dramas and social media influencers have also contributed to the hanfu craze. Many scenic spots have caught up with the hanfu trend and offered related services to tourists. Forward (Qianzhan) Intelligence, a financial research services provider, says more than 60 percent of people purchase hanfu for fun or for travel, with the remaining 40 percent purchasing hanfu for cultural events or portrait photos. .......... 4．What may be the author’s attitude toward hanfu craze? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Indifferent. D．Opposed. 考点三、词义、句义猜测题 【考点诠释】 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解，旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇和短语的能力，包括超纲词义、熟词生义、代词的指代关系、俗语、特殊表达等，因此学生不仅需要加强语境中的理解推断能力，也需要在平时注意积累和扩大词汇量。 词义推断题有时候可以同时运用构词法、语境和代入法，短语的语义高度依赖上下文内容和逻辑。 · 利用上下文语境：通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测生词或短语的含义。 · 借助语法知识：根据句子结构和语法关系来判断词义，如通过句子成分、从句关系等来推断。 · 注意词义的多义性和搭配：一个词可能有多个义项，要结合上下文选择最合适的词义；同时注意词与词之间的搭配习惯。 【示例1】 When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke (笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. 3．The underlined phrase “on - the - nose” in Paragraph 4 probably means? A．very direct and accurate B．not relevant at all C．hard to understand D．full of mistakes 【示例2】 The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 19．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 考点四、主题理解或写作意图推断题 【考点诠释】 写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上明白作者的言外之意,找到作者的写作意图。题干中常有 purpose, in order to 等词。不同体裁文章的写作意图不同。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者(to entertain)；广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务(to advertise);议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue/persuade);科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识（to inform)。这类题型经常考查短文的标题(title, headline)；短文或段落的主题(subject)；中心思想(main idea)；作者的写作目的(purpose)。 做写作意图题有两种方法：一是主旨推断法：根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作意图。二是文体推断法：根据文体的特点来推断。 【示例1】 The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy,” Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village. Buying local is one goal of a new project called Rural Revive, a private conservation effort where tourists stay in fashionable, low-impact rooms — and the project is developing into a service center for a desert economy. But the purpose of Rural Revive is not just economic. At the same time, it trains locals such as Elrico Bekeur in horticulture (园艺) and enterprise. Reinhold Mangundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire, listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and regenerate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine. “I believe it’s time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problems,” he says. ........ 21．What does Paragraph 1 focus on? A．All jobs will be carried out remotely. B．A sustainable life can be enjoyable. C．Climate is friendly to agriculture. D．Eco-friendly villages need high-paid farmers. 【示例2】 In the small town of Willow Creek, there lived a peculiar old man named Mr. Thompson. He was known for his daily walks through the town square, always carrying a worn-out violin case. Yet, no one had ever heard him play a single note. Every morning at precisely 8:00 am, Mr. Thompson would sit on the same weathered bench, carefully open the case, and gently touch the strings of his violin. Passers-by would often pause, expecting to hear music, but the old man would simply sit in silence, his eyes closed as if listening to a melody only he could hear. …….. From that day forward, Emily and Mr. Thompson formed an unlikely friendship. Though the town never heard a single note from the old man’s violin, they came to understand that some of the most beautiful music is the kind that plays in our hearts. 4．What is the main theme of the story? A．The importance of perseverance in music. B．The impact of loss on artistic expression. C．The power of unspoken emotions and memories. D．The value of friendship between different generations. 课堂精练 （Passage 1） After becoming super rich overnight, an Ottawa woman is now making sure struggling families can afford groceries (食品杂货). Patricia Patty Warden knows how hard things are right now. Grocery prices keep rising, and for many families, even a simple holiday meal feels out of reach. “The hardest thing right now isn’t just the bills — it’s the cost of groceries,” Warden told CTV News. “I’m in a position to give back.” So she walked into a Greely Foodland and began quietly handing out gift cards to shoppers — hundreds of them. Many were stunned when they realized a stranger had just paid for part of their groceries. By the end of the afternoon, Warden thought she had given away more than $20,000 in grocery gift cards. Warden won the $70 million Lotto Max jackpot (百万乐透头奖) in May 2024, but she says the biggest change isn’t what she can buy — it’s how many people she can help. “I get to help a lot more people, which was my goal,” she said. “It’s life-changing in that way. But I’m still Patty. That will never change.” Her generosity comes from a deeply personal place. Before winning the lottery, Warden experienced years of pain, sickness, bad habits and having no home. At one point, she was sleeping on park benches while struggling to survive. “I have my mum to thank for everything,” she said. “She helped me rebuild my life — with honesty, caring, and respect for others. You can’t put a price on that. Seventy million dollars is nothing compared to those values.” Warden has stayed away from bad habits for 30 years, and she says giving back is one of the greatest joys of her life. “I just want to share my happiness,” she said. 1．What does Warden think is the hardest struggle for families right now? A．High hotel costs. B．Rising grocery prices. C．No holiday meals. D．Being out of work. 2．What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very surprised. B．Quite angry. C．A little sad. D．Really tired. 3．What helped Warden rebuild her life? A．Years of hardship. B．Help from the food store. C．Winning the lottery early. D．Her mother’s love and values. 4．Which of the following can best describe Warden? A．Kind and grateful. B．Rich and proud. C．Brave and calm. D．Smart and careful. （Passage 2） I grew up surrounded by nature, conservation, and expeditions (探险) because my father was the founder of Biosphere Expeditions. I went on my first expedition in 2002, when I was six months old. I remember none of it, but those early experiences left a lasting mark. At six and eight, I spent summers in Namibia. My strongest memory is befriending a local girl. I used a wheelchair because of my disability, and the road was rough, but she carried me on her back so we could play together. That moment strengthened my love of connecting with new people and hearing their stories. On expeditions, we were never typical tourists. We stayed with local scientists in small-scale houses rather than all-inclusive hotels. For me, travelling has always meant getting to know a place rather than just visiting it. The 2014 Oman Expedition was my first time in Asia. I remember stepping off the plane into the extreme heat and I had to cover my arms and legs in 35-degree weather as the locals did. That trip became one of my first real lessons about cultural differences and respecting other ways of life. One of my biggest realizations is that humans are not more important than other animals. We are part of nature, not separate from it. Because of all these expeditions, I try to live aware of my impact. Growing up with disability, my family treated me the same as others. These experiences of acceptance and exploration are part of why I became a writer. I use my writing to show that disabled people are just normal people. My message is simple: treat us like you would treat anyone else. These experiences — of nature, culture, and acceptance — are why I believe expeditions matter. Expeditions are one of the best ways to travel with purpose. They were an education, a perspective shift, and a reminder that the world is far bigger, more complex, and more interconnected than we usually realize. 5．What difficulty did the author meet with while playing in Namibia? A．The extreme heat. B．The lack of playmates. C．The bad road conditions. D．The unfamiliar culture. 6．Why does the author mention the Oman trip? A．To introduce a lesson on cultural respect. B．To explain why she preferred small hotels. C．To show the tough weather conditions there. D．To compare Asian and African expeditions. 7．What can be inferred about the author’s family? A．They encouraged her to write. B．They were professional explorers. C．They valued equality and inclusion. D．They worried about her disability. 8．What do the underlined words “a perspective shift” in the last paragraph mean? A．A change of travel plans. B．A step into a new world. C．A new start in one’s career. D．A new way of seeing things. （Passage 3） Amalia Garcia Lopez and Carlos Lafuente Picazo, two final-year university students from Spain, have just wrapped up a nine-day trip to Shanghai — a city they might one day consider calling home. They were participants in the Young Explorer Program, a program designed to bring international members of Gen Z (Z世代) to China and introduce them to Shanghai. The program offers overseas youth the opportunity to experience Chinese culture firsthand and foster people-to-people exchange and mutual understanding. Twenty-two young people from different cultural backgrounds took part in the immersive journey. Their route included guided city walks and visits to companies and neighborhoods, offering a deep dive into Shanghai’s society and culture. The group explored museums and heritage sites to learn about the city’s history, visited iconic tourist attractions to experience its modern vibe, engaged with traditional Chinese culture in local communities, and discovered thriving business hubs and revitalized (焕发活力的) historic neighborhoods. All participants described the trip as both enjoyable and rewarding. During the trip, they were particularly impressed by Shanghai’s diversity — describing the city as “cosmopolitan (国际性的)” and “dynamic”. “I was coming to Shanghai with the impression that it’s like a city of the future, and so far, I feel like I’m seeing it for real,” said Picazo. “I think Shanghai is a city made for everyone. I’ve seen people from all over the world here, and you can find whatever you need. It has so much to offer to make whoever comes feel comfortable.” “One thing that surprised me is that Shanghai has a lot of nature, and it is so green,” Lopez said. “It’s the perfect mix between society and nature, and it’s a city that’s growing every day. So, for me it was quite shocking because I think when cities expand, they tend to just get rid of the trees and the nature.” 9．What does the underlined phrase “wrapped up” in the first paragraph mean? A．Packed carefully. B．Ended successfully. C．Covered completely. D．Celebrated joyfully. 10．What is the Young Explorer Program for? A．Training Gen Z in global business. B．Exploring Shanghai’s natural scenery. C．Promoting cultural exchange with China. D．Attracting overseas talent for Shanghai. 11．What impressed the participants most about Shanghai? A．Its harmonious diversity. B．Its affordable living costs. C．Its advanced transportation. D．Its well-planted environment. 12．How did Lopez’s perception of Shanghai change? A．From skeptical to confident. B．From abstract to concrete. C．From doubtful to appreciative. D．From simple to complex. 题型组合训练 演练 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How do you usually buy what you need, shopping online or going out to shop in person? With the help of the Internet, shopping is 1 (easy) than before. We can just click our mouse to choose the items we like, pay for them online, and the shopping is 2 (finish). It is easy and quick. It helps save money，too. We can save thousands a year if we compare the prices of similar items before deciding which 3 (buy). However, there are always traps in shopping online.If we are not 4 (care), we may get into trouble. For example, we may find the colour of the item different 5 that in the picture online. Sometimes, the size of the item we receive can be too big 6 too small. 7 (avoid) such troubles, we should compare similar items on different online stores and pay more attention to what other customers say. From their 8 (comment), we can know better about an item’s colour, size as well as 9 (it) shortcomings. In this way we increase our chance of buying 10 more satisfactory item. 二、阅读理解 A lot of people tend to focus on how many hours of sleep they’re getting but ignore the quality of their sleep, which can be even more important than sleep time. “ 11 . They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms,” said Cunningham, an assistant professor of psychology at Harvard Medical School. Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep. 12 . To get a good night’s worth of sleep, you just get into bed when you’ve built up a lot of sleep pressure. Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock. 13 . Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm. For higher sleep quality, sleep pressure and your circadian rhythm should be working together. 14 . This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality. “One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day. 15 ,” Cunningham said. Once you have a general sleep schedule or routine, then your body will naturally start to seek out its optimal sleep time. A．Don’t let the term fool you, though B．Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep C．It’s better to engage in some low-arousing activities D．You’re concerned about the amount of sleep you’re getting E．An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep F．Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea G．It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period 高考核心词汇 演练 · 高考高频词汇精选背诵（M字母） 1. magnificent 2. mechanic 3. miracle 4. mature 5. magnetic 6. merit 7. miserable 8. multiple 9. majority 10. modify 11. motivate 12. manual 13. manufacture 14. monument 15. moderate 16. mutual 17. march 18. margin 19. modest 20. migrant 21. marvellous 22. merchant 23. misfortune 24. metropolitan 25. mass 26. mess 27. moral 28. mission 29. maintenance 30. mild 31. mineral 32. mansion 33. maximum 34. military 35. maternal 36. mortgage 37. mysterious 38. mercy 39. marine 40. manipulate · 高考核心词汇检测 1. We shouldn’t ____ copy Western things without considering Chinese traditions and customs. A．morally B．mentally C．merely D．merrily 2. He tried to ______the lost time by staying up late. A．make for B．take notice of C．make off D．make up for 3. She chose cushions of a color which would_____her carpet. A. mess         B.modify           C. memorize          D. match 4. Although the young man is physically ______, he still acts like a child. A. mild B. mature C. magic D. modern 5. We can’t afford a car, not to _______ the fact that we have no garage. A. memorize B. mend C. mention D. matter 6. At a memorial service today, thousands gathered to ______ the fighters killed in a fire. A. mop B. mourn C. mow D. motivate 7. You’d better give up smoking, for cigarette smoking _______ the risk of cancer. A. modifies B. manipulates C. multiplies D. mortgages 8. This kind of magazine is ___________ young girls who like fashion. A. meant for B. majored in C. in memory of D. at the mercy of 9. The______ of nurses are women, but in higher ranks of the medical profession women are in minority. A. majority B. maximum C. minimum D. minority 10. The automobile is a necessity in America, but it is also a ______ of social position. A. mask B. master C. mark D. mistress 11. The stronger the _____is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether he has an interest in it. A．ambition B．inspiration C．imagination D．motivation 12. I enjoy listening to classical music, but I’m so busy now that I’m not in the _____ for it. A. emotion B.motion C. mood D. sense 13. Compared with last year, entrance examination enrollment in Shanghai stopped________. A．mounting up B．speeding up C．bringing up D．calling up 14. They are going to build a ______ in memory of those offering their lives in an accident. A. motto            B. monument           C. module       D. memo 15. He was being very __________ about where he was going. A. miserable B.moderate C.militant D. mysterious 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第11讲：阅读理解记叙文+题型综合练+高考核心词汇进阶 内容导航 目录 内容 语法精选：阅读理解记叙文类 或新闻报道类 考点01 细节事实题 考点02 推理推断题 考点03 词义、句义猜测题 考点04 主题理解或写作意图推断题 题型综合练 语法填空（人与自我） 七选五 高考核心词汇积累 M字母高考核心词汇 课堂精讲 考点一、细节事实理解题 【考点诠释】 在做直接事实题时，要抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。做间接事实题时，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。数据推算题要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。 · 精准定位：仔细阅读题目，确定关键词（如人名、地名、时间、事件等），然后在新闻报道中快速定位包含这些关键词的句子或段落。 · 比对信息：将选项与定位到的原文内容逐字比对。注意选项中的细节表述与原文是否完全一致，包括数字、范围、程度等。 【示例1】 When handball was introduced to Sri Lankan schools in 2010, I wanted to bring it to my school, St Anthony’s, in the remote village of Wasalakotte. This became a challenging task as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything other than traditional sports, such as cricket and rugby. However, I decided to start this game. Handball is a fascinating (有吸引力的) game which combines speed, technical precision, skill and teamwork. The boys were immediately interested and 40 students aged between 13 and 19 signed up to play. And I had the support of their parents. ........ 16．Why was it hard to start handball in St. Anthony’s? A．The school lacked facilities. B．The teachers were opposed to it. C．The parents were resistant to it. D．The students showed no interest. 【答案】16．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者组织学校的学生进行手球比赛的经历。 16．细节理解题。根据第一段“This became a challenging task as the sports teacher was unwilling to initiate anything other than traditional sports, such as cricket and rugby.(这成为一项具有挑战性的任务，因为体育老师不愿意发起传统运动，比如板球和橄榄球)”可知，在圣安东尼开始手球很难是因为老师们反对。故选B。 【示例2】 As I stepped out of the punishing Arizona heat and into the cool air-conditioned hall of the meeting centre, I saw a sea of costumed attendees. Some wore complicated steampunk clothes; others were dressed up as their favourite Marvel or Star Wars characters. “How could I agree to this?” I thought as I made my way to the room where I’d give a talk about the science behind the classic Dune books by Frank Herbert. Then I saw the audience’s excitement. I had been struggling for years to find new ways to communicate science to a broad audience. When I went into my Ph. D．programme, research soon began to consume most of my time. When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D．field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world. Then I took a trip to Maine, where many fellows were great readers and excited to share stories about the latest books they’d consumed. I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D．killing my love of science?” I thought. When I returned home, I determined to devote more of my time to doing things I love outside the lab, especially reading for pleasure. My eldest brother had recommended a science fiction book, so I started with that. It was refreshing to think about science in a new way. ......... 1．What did the author have difficulty doing during his Ph. D．programme? A．Making his research accepted by co-workers. B．Balancing work and personal life. C．Explaining the practical value of his research. D．Keeping up with the latest scientific papers. 2．What caused the author to question his love of science? A．He struggled to understand what the fellows shared. B．He lacked interest in reading science books. C．He failed to recall the last book he’d read for fun. D．He suffered great pressure from his Ph. D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在攻读博士期间通过科幻小说重新找到科学传播途径的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When I spoke about my research, it was mostly directed at people within my Ph. D. field: workmates, collaborators, thesis committee members. I struggled to explain how my research might apply in the real world. (当我谈论自己的研究时，内容大多是针对我博士领域内的人：同事、合作者、论文委员会成员。我很难解释清楚我的研究如何能在现实世界中应用。)”可知，作者在博士期间难以解释其研究的实用价值。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I could vividly recall every detail of the papers piling up back in the lab, yet I couldn’t remember the last book I had read for pleasure. “Is my Ph. D. killing my love of science?” I thought. (我能清晰回忆起实验室里堆积如山的论文中的每个细节，却想不起上一本纯粹为了乐趣而读的书是什么。“我的博士学位正在扼杀我对科学的热爱吗？”我心里琢磨着。)”可知，作者因想不起上一本为乐趣而读的书而质疑自己对科学的热爱。故选C项。 考点二、推理推断题 【考点诠释】 推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。推断题是属于难度较高的一类题型，需要学生在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过分析语篇内在逻辑和理解其中的细节内容的暗示，理解文章深层意义和隐含意义，然后作出一定的推理判断，切忌凭空猜想，而要以原文内容为依据，对文章信息细致分析、深入挖掘，揭示其深层含义，同时也要注意避免过度推断。 区间定位是快速定位的重要手段之一，使用区间定位能够帮助学生在没有完全读懂原文的情况下尽可能答对较多的题。 · 抓住关键信息进行推理：善于捕捉文章中的关键词或短语，利用这些信息进行分析、推理和判断，从而推断出隐含的深层含义。 · 结合语境和常识：利用文章的语境和已知常识进行逻辑推理，如通过语境的褒贬性来推断人物心理、作者意图等。 · 区分观点与事实：明确文章中哪些是作者的观点、态度，哪些是客观事实，避免将作者的观点误认为事实。 【示例1】 But the long-term goal is to see more bonobos living in the wild. So Lola has set up a second sanctuary called Ekolo ya Bonobo hundreds of miles away. “It’s a place where bonobos used to live,” says Dr. Raphael Belais at Lola. “But unfortunately during the war hunting was widespread so there are no more bonobos in this part of the forest.” ............. Their future, though, will be determined by Congolese people like the students who came to Lola today. So I asked a 10-year-old named Gaska Basili, what he learned about bonobos during the visit. “They are like our brothers,” he replied in French. “And what would you do if you saw a bonobo being kept illegally?” I asked. “I would call my teacher,” he said. 4．What can we infer from Gaska Basili’s words? A．He was uninterested in bonobos. B．He found it hard to save bonobos. C．His visiting the bonobos was a helpful lesson. D．His teacher was a top bonobo professional. 【答案】 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了刚果倭黑猩猩数量稀少，当地保护区努力让学生参与保护，并组织学生学习倭黑猩猩的课程，还设立新保护区。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后部分“So I asked a 10 year old named Gaska Basili, what he learned about bonobos during the visit. ‘They are like our brothers,’ he replied in French. ‘And what would you do if you saw a bonobo being kept illegally?’ I asked. ‘I would call my teacher,’ he said.(于是我问一个名叫Gaska Basili的10岁男孩，他在参观中对倭黑猩猩有什么了解。“它们就像我们的兄弟，”他用法语回答。“如果你看到一只倭黑猩猩被非法饲养，你会怎么做?”我问。“我会打电话给我的老师，”他说)”可知，Gaska Basili通过参观对倭黑猩猩有了正确认识且知道如何应对非法饲养的情况，说明这次参观是有意义的一课。故选C项。 【示例2】 Major scenic spots offer chance to wear stylish hanfu and provide diverse activities for enthusiasts with a sense of style and history, Yang Feiyue reports. Hanfu generally refers to clothing of the Han people before the Manchus reigned in the Qing Dynasty. The traditional costume often features a long flowing robe with long loose sleeves and a belt at the waist. According to Guangzhou-based market consultancy iiMedia Research, China’s hanfu market has been growing rapidly. The number of hanfu fans is expected to reach 6.89 million this year, and market sales to hit at least 10.16 billion yuan ($1.46 billion). A report from business media outlet Yicai and Tmall showed that female consumers born after 1995 made up the biggest consumer group of hanfu in 2019, comprising 80 percent of all consumers. Popular television dramas and social media influencers have also contributed to the hanfu craze. Many scenic spots have caught up with the hanfu trend and offered related services to tourists. Forward (Qianzhan) Intelligence, a financial research services provider, says more than 60 percent of people purchase hanfu for fun or for travel, with the remaining 40 percent purchasing hanfu for cultural events or portrait photos. .......... 4．What may be the author’s attitude toward hanfu craze? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Indifferent. D．Opposed. 【答案】 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了汉服热潮在旅游景点的兴起及相关情况。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“Popular television dramas and social media influencers have also contributed to the hanfu craze. Many scenic spots have caught up with the hanfu trend and offered related services to tourists. (热门电视剧和社交媒体上的网红也推动了汉服热潮。许多景点都赶上了汉服潮流，为游客提供相关服务。)”和最后一段中“At major scenic spots across the country, hanfu parades have emerged and become an attraction. This in turn has contributed to a rise in ticketing revenue. “Many tourists come and rent our hanfu to play,” says Lin Yi from China Horse Town resort of Fengning Manchu autonomous county in Hebei Province. (在全国各大旅游景点，汉服游行已经出现，并成为一大亮点。这反过来又促进了门票收入的增加。“很多游客来我们这里租汉服玩，”河北省丰宁满族自治县中国马镇度假区的林毅说。)”可知，文章主要描述了汉服在旅游景点的流行情况，以及汉服市场的发展和消费者群体的特点，汉服热潮和旅游业达到双赢局面，由此可推断作者的态度应该是支持的。故选B。 考点三、词义、句义猜测题 【考点诠释】 词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解，旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇和短语的能力，包括超纲词义、熟词生义、代词的指代关系、俗语、特殊表达等，因此学生不仅需要加强语境中的理解推断能力，也需要在平时注意积累和扩大词汇量。 词义推断题有时候可以同时运用构词法、语境和代入法，短语的语义高度依赖上下文内容和逻辑。 · 利用上下文语境：通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测生词或短语的含义。 · 借助语法知识：根据句子结构和语法关系来判断词义，如通过句子成分、从句关系等来推断。 · 注意词义的多义性和搭配：一个词可能有多个义项，要结合上下文选择最合适的词义；同时注意词与词之间的搭配习惯。 【示例1】 When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters’ techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on-the-nose assessments of my person. “You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke (笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. 3．The underlined phrase “on - the - nose” in Paragraph 4 probably means? A．very direct and accurate B．not relevant at all C．hard to understand D．full of mistakes 【答案】 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者学习中国书法以寻回文化根源并重新认识自我的经历。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的““You need to be braver,” he once observed. “Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke (笔画).” For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. (“你需要更勇敢，”有一次他说。“要有信心。试着写出一笔大胆的笔画。”多年来，我一直以展现自信的形象为荣，但我的字迹背叛了我。)”可知，老师对作者的评价直接且准确，所以划线单词“on-the-nose”意为“非常直接和准确的”，与“very direct and accurate”同义。故选A项。 【示例2】 The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 19．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 【答案】 19．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛格丽特·扬科夫斯基创立了一个公益组织，募集旧 缝纫机并重新分配给有需要的人们，帮他们维持生计，同时也使人们能够保留他们的文化认同的故事。 19．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. (缝纫机项目满足了世界各地许多impoverished人的基本需求。)”和“For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. (对他们来说，缝纫是一种生存的工具。无论是在工厂还是在家里，一台缝纫机都可以是通往更光明的财务机会的大门。)”可知，缝纫机是他们的生存工具，是通往更光明的财务机会的大门，由此可知句中的 “them”是穷人，them指代impoverrished people。因此，impoverished意为“贫困的”。A. uneducated没受过教育的；B. badly-off穷的，生活拮据的；C. exhausted精疲力尽的；D. pessimistic悲观的。故选B。 考点四、主题理解或写作意图推断题 【考点诠释】 写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上明白作者的言外之意,找到作者的写作意图。题干中常有 purpose, in order to 等词。不同体裁文章的写作意图不同。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者(to entertain)；广告类应用文的目的一般是推销产品或服务(to advertise);议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue/persuade);科普、文化类说明文的目的大多是介绍知识（to inform)。这类题型经常考查短文的标题(title, headline)；短文或段落的主题(subject)；中心思想(main idea)；作者的写作目的(purpose)。 做写作意图题有两种方法：一是主旨推断法：根据文章或段落的主旨推断作者的写作意图。二是文体推断法：根据文体的特点来推断。 【示例1】 The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy,” Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village. Buying local is one goal of a new project called Rural Revive, a private conservation effort where tourists stay in fashionable, low-impact rooms — and the project is developing into a service center for a desert economy. But the purpose of Rural Revive is not just economic. At the same time, it trains locals such as Elrico Bekeur in horticulture (园艺) and enterprise. Reinhold Mangundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire, listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and regenerate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine. “I believe it’s time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problems,” he says. ........ 21．What does Paragraph 1 focus on? A．All jobs will be carried out remotely. B．A sustainable life can be enjoyable. C．Climate is friendly to agriculture. D．Eco-friendly villages need high-paid farmers. 【答案】21．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了两个生态村庄项目——Gandum Village和Rural Revive，它们旨在通过可持续的生活方式、再生农业和生态旅游等方式，促进和自然的和谐共生，并解决当前面临的环境和经济问题。 21．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. ‘The life can be easy,’ Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village.(如果Martina Waldemar和Joao Almeida对此有什么意见的话，未来的可持续村庄将拥有太阳能板、土坯建筑和一种模仿自然生产气候友好型食物的再生农业。在那里工作的田间工人将获得远高于葡萄牙这一农村地区标准的工资。那里还将有带有快速网络的共享工作空间。‘生活可以很轻松，’Almeida先生谈到他家族的项目时说道，他们称之为Gandum Village)”可知，本段主要介绍了Gandum Village这个可持续村庄项目的特点，包括其采用的可持续生活方式和较高的工资待遇，并强调这种生活可以是轻松的。因此，本段主要说明可持续生活可以是令人愉悦的。故选B项。 【示例2】 In the small town of Willow Creek, there lived a peculiar old man named Mr. Thompson. He was known for his daily walks through the town square, always carrying a worn-out violin case. Yet, no one had ever heard him play a single note. Every morning at precisely 8:00 am, Mr. Thompson would sit on the same weathered bench, carefully open the case, and gently touch the strings of his violin. Passers-by would often pause, expecting to hear music, but the old man would simply sit in silence, his eyes closed as if listening to a melody only he could hear. …….. From that day forward, Emily and Mr. Thompson formed an unlikely friendship. Though the town never heard a single note from the old man’s violin, they came to understand that some of the most beautiful music is the kind that plays in our hearts. 4．What is the main theme of the story? A．The importance of perseverance in music. B．The impact of loss on artistic expression. C．The power of unspoken emotions and memories. D．The value of friendship between different generations. 【答案】 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Willow Creek小镇上一位老人与一个小女孩之间的感人故事。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“From that day forward, Emily and Mr. Thompson formed an unlikely friendship. Though the town never heard a single note from the old man’s violin, they came to understand that some of the most beautiful music is the kind that plays in our hearts. (从那天起，Emily和汤普森先生建立了一段不太可能的友谊。尽管镇上的人从未听过老人小提琴发出的一个音符，但他们逐渐明白，最美的音乐是奏响在我们心中的那种。)”可知，文章主要讲述了Mr. Thompson通过每天“演奏”小提琴来怀念他已故的妻子，而Emily虽然听不见，却理解了他内心的音乐，两人因此建立了深厚的友谊。文章强调了未说出口的情感和记忆的力量，即使无声，也能触动人心。故选C。 课堂精练 （Passage 1） After becoming super rich overnight, an Ottawa woman is now making sure struggling families can afford groceries (食品杂货). Patricia Patty Warden knows how hard things are right now. Grocery prices keep rising, and for many families, even a simple holiday meal feels out of reach. “The hardest thing right now isn’t just the bills — it’s the cost of groceries,” Warden told CTV News. “I’m in a position to give back.” So she walked into a Greely Foodland and began quietly handing out gift cards to shoppers — hundreds of them. Many were stunned when they realized a stranger had just paid for part of their groceries. By the end of the afternoon, Warden thought she had given away more than $20,000 in grocery gift cards. Warden won the $70 million Lotto Max jackpot (百万乐透头奖) in May 2024, but she says the biggest change isn’t what she can buy — it’s how many people she can help. “I get to help a lot more people, which was my goal,” she said. “It’s life-changing in that way. But I’m still Patty. That will never change.” Her generosity comes from a deeply personal place. Before winning the lottery, Warden experienced years of pain, sickness, bad habits and having no home. At one point, she was sleeping on park benches while struggling to survive. “I have my mum to thank for everything,” she said. “She helped me rebuild my life — with honesty, caring, and respect for others. You can’t put a price on that. Seventy million dollars is nothing compared to those values.” Warden has stayed away from bad habits for 30 years, and she says giving back is one of the greatest joys of her life. “I just want to share my happiness,” she said. 1．What does Warden think is the hardest struggle for families right now? A．High hotel costs. B．Rising grocery prices. C．No holiday meals. D．Being out of work. 2．What does the underlined word “stunned” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very surprised. B．Quite angry. C．A little sad. D．Really tired. 3．What helped Warden rebuild her life? A．Years of hardship. B．Help from the food store. C．Winning the lottery early. D．Her mother’s love and values. 4．Which of the following can best describe Warden? A．Kind and grateful. B．Rich and proud. C．Brave and calm. D．Smart and careful. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了渥太华女子Warden中 7000 万乐透大奖，曾历经困顿的她拿出两万余元食品礼品卡接济困难家庭，她认为善意品格远比财富珍贵。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The hardest thing right now isn’t just the bills — it’s the cost of groceries.(现在最困难的不仅仅是账单，而是食品杂货的费用。)”可知，Warden认为目前家庭面临的最艰难的挣扎是不断上涨的食品杂货价格。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词后的“…when they realized a stranger had just paid for part of their groceries(……当他们意识到一个陌生人刚刚为他们支付了部分食品杂货费用时)”可以推断，顾客们遇到陌生人帮忙买单的情况，心理反应必然是感到“非常惊讶”。单词“stunned”意为“震惊的，目瞪口呆的”，与A选项“Very surprised(非常惊讶)”意思一致。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的““I have my mum to thank for everything,” she said. “She helped me rebuild my life — with honesty, caring, and respect for others. You can’t put a price on that. Seventy million dollars is nothing compared to those values.”(“我要感谢我的妈妈，她为我带来了这一切，”她说，“她以真诚、关爱和尊重他人的态度帮助我重建了生活。这种价值无法用金钱衡量，七千万美元与这些品质相比简直不值一提。” )”可知，是她母亲的爱和价值观帮助她重建了生活。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Warden在中了7000万加元大奖后，主动去超市给陌生人发放礼品卡以帮助困难家庭，这体现了她的“善良（Kind）”；同时，她将自己走出人生低谷归功于母亲的教导并深表感谢，这体现了她的“感恩（grateful）”，由此可推知，Warden是一个和蔼且知恩图报的人。 （Passage 2） I grew up surrounded by nature, conservation, and expeditions (探险) because my father was the founder of Biosphere Expeditions. I went on my first expedition in 2002, when I was six months old. I remember none of it, but those early experiences left a lasting mark. At six and eight, I spent summers in Namibia. My strongest memory is befriending a local girl. I used a wheelchair because of my disability, and the road was rough, but she carried me on her back so we could play together. That moment strengthened my love of connecting with new people and hearing their stories. On expeditions, we were never typical tourists. We stayed with local scientists in small-scale houses rather than all-inclusive hotels. For me, travelling has always meant getting to know a place rather than just visiting it. The 2014 Oman Expedition was my first time in Asia. I remember stepping off the plane into the extreme heat and I had to cover my arms and legs in 35-degree weather as the locals did. That trip became one of my first real lessons about cultural differences and respecting other ways of life. One of my biggest realizations is that humans are not more important than other animals. We are part of nature, not separate from it. Because of all these expeditions, I try to live aware of my impact. Growing up with disability, my family treated me the same as others. These experiences of acceptance and exploration are part of why I became a writer. I use my writing to show that disabled people are just normal people. My message is simple: treat us like you would treat anyone else. These experiences — of nature, culture, and acceptance — are why I believe expeditions matter. Expeditions are one of the best ways to travel with purpose. They were an education, a perspective shift, and a reminder that the world is far bigger, more complex, and more interconnected than we usually realize. 5．What difficulty did the author meet with while playing in Namibia? A．The extreme heat. B．The lack of playmates. C．The bad road conditions. D．The unfamiliar culture. 6．Why does the author mention the Oman trip? A．To introduce a lesson on cultural respect. B．To explain why she preferred small hotels. C．To show the tough weather conditions there. D．To compare Asian and African expeditions. 7．What can be inferred about the author’s family? A．They encouraged her to write. B．They were professional explorers. C．They valued equality and inclusion. D．They worried about her disability. 8．What do the underlined words “a perspective shift” in the last paragraph mean? A．A change of travel plans. B．A step into a new world. C．A new start in one’s career. D．A new way of seeing things. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 【导语】文章讲述作者自幼跟随家人参与野外探险的经历，这些经历让她懂得尊重多元文化、敬畏自然，并树立平等包容的人生观念。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I used a wheelchair because of my disability, and the road was rough, but she carried me on her back so we could play together.(我因残疾需要使用轮椅，且道路崎岖不平，但她背着我，让我们能够一起玩耍)”可知，作者在纳米比亚玩耍时遇到的困难是路况糟糕。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“That trip became one of my first real lessons about cultural differences and respecting other ways of life.(那次旅行成为我第一次真正学习文化差异、尊重其他生活方式的经历)”可知，作者提及阿曼之旅，是为了介绍自己收获的关于文化尊重的感悟。 7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Growing up with disability, my family treated me the same as others.(我身有残疾，但家人一直平等地对待我)”以及后文作者倡导平等对待残疾人的理念可知，作者的家人重视平等与包容。 8．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“a reminder that the world is far bigger, more complex, and more interconnected than we usually realize.(时刻提醒着我们，世界远比我们日常认知的更广阔、更复杂、更紧密相连)”推测，野外探险经历能让人们用新的视角看待事物。因此画线短语指看待事物的全新方式。 （Passage 3） Amalia Garcia Lopez and Carlos Lafuente Picazo, two final-year university students from Spain, have just wrapped up a nine-day trip to Shanghai — a city they might one day consider calling home. They were participants in the Young Explorer Program, a program designed to bring international members of Gen Z (Z世代) to China and introduce them to Shanghai. The program offers overseas youth the opportunity to experience Chinese culture firsthand and foster people-to-people exchange and mutual understanding. Twenty-two young people from different cultural backgrounds took part in the immersive journey. Their route included guided city walks and visits to companies and neighborhoods, offering a deep dive into Shanghai’s society and culture. The group explored museums and heritage sites to learn about the city’s history, visited iconic tourist attractions to experience its modern vibe, engaged with traditional Chinese culture in local communities, and discovered thriving business hubs and revitalized (焕发活力的) historic neighborhoods. All participants described the trip as both enjoyable and rewarding. During the trip, they were particularly impressed by Shanghai’s diversity — describing the city as “cosmopolitan (国际性的)” and “dynamic”. “I was coming to Shanghai with the impression that it’s like a city of the future, and so far, I feel like I’m seeing it for real,” said Picazo. “I think Shanghai is a city made for everyone. I’ve seen people from all over the world here, and you can find whatever you need. It has so much to offer to make whoever comes feel comfortable.” “One thing that surprised me is that Shanghai has a lot of nature, and it is so green,” Lopez said. “It’s the perfect mix between society and nature, and it’s a city that’s growing every day. So, for me it was quite shocking because I think when cities expand, they tend to just get rid of the trees and the nature.” 9．What does the underlined phrase “wrapped up” in the first paragraph mean? A．Packed carefully. B．Ended successfully. C．Covered completely. D．Celebrated joyfully. 10．What is the Young Explorer Program for? A．Training Gen Z in global business. B．Exploring Shanghai’s natural scenery. C．Promoting cultural exchange with China. D．Attracting overseas talent for Shanghai. 11．What impressed the participants most about Shanghai? A．Its harmonious diversity. B．Its affordable living costs. C．Its advanced transportation. D．Its well-planted environment. 12．How did Lopez’s perception of Shanghai change? A．From skeptical to confident. B．From abstract to concrete. C．From doubtful to appreciative. D．From simple to complex. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文讲述两名西班牙应届大学生参与青年探索者项目到访上海的经历，介绍该项目的宗旨、活动内容，以及外国青年对上海城市风貌、多元文化与城市生态的真实评价。 【详解】9．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Amalia Garcia Lopez and Carlos Lafuente Picazo, two final-year university students from Spain, have just wrapped up a nine-day trip to Shanghai — a city they might one day consider calling home. (来自西班牙的两名大四学生Amalia Garcia Lopez和Carlos Lafuente Picazo刚刚wrapped up为期九天的上海之旅，他们可能有一天会考虑称之为家)”可知，他们结束了为期九天的上海之旅，wrapped up在此处意为“顺利结束”。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“The program offers overseas youth the opportunity to experience Chinese culture firsthand and foster people-to-people exchange and mutual understanding. (该项目为海外青年提供亲身体验中国文化的机会，促进民间交流与相互理解)”可知，该项目的目的是促进中外文化交流。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“During the trip, they were particularly impressed by Shanghai’s diversity — describing the city as “cosmopolitan” and “dynamic”. (在行程中，他们对上海的多元性印象尤为深刻，将这座城市形容为“国际性的”和“充满活力的”)”可知，上海多元包容的城市特质给参与者留下了最深的印象。 12．推理判断题。根据第六段“One thing that surprised me is that Shanghai has a lot of nature, and it is so green.(令我惊讶的一点是，上海拥有大量自然景观，而且非常绿意盎然)”和“It’s the perfect mix between society and nature, and it’s a city that’s growing every day. So, for me it was quite shocking because I think when cities expand, they tend to just get rid of the trees and the nature.(这是社会与自然的完美融合，也是一座每天都在不断发展的城市。因此，对我来说这相当令人震惊，因为我认为当城市扩张时，人们往往只会砍伐树木、破坏自然。)”可知，Lopez原本对城市发展与自然共存存疑，亲眼所见后心生欣赏，认知从疑虑变为欣赏。 题型组合训练 演练 一、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How do you usually buy what you need, shopping online or going out to shop in person? With the help of the Internet, shopping is 1 (easy) than before. We can just click our mouse to choose the items we like, pay for them online, and the shopping is 2 (finish). It is easy and quick. It helps save money，too. We can save thousands a year if we compare the prices of similar items before deciding which 3 (buy). However, there are always traps in shopping online.If we are not 4 (care), we may get into trouble. For example, we may find the colour of the item different 5 that in the picture online. Sometimes, the size of the item we receive can be too big 6 too small. 7 (avoid) such troubles, we should compare similar items on different online stores and pay more attention to what other customers say. From their 8 (comment), we can know better about an item’s colour, size as well as 9 (it) shortcomings. In this way we increase our chance of buying 10 more satisfactory item. 【答案】 1．easier 2．finished 3．to buy 4．careful 5．from 6．or 7．To avoid 8．comments 9．its 10．a 【导语】本文主要介绍了网购相比线下购物更加便捷、省钱，同时指出网购存在的一些陷阱，并给出了规避网购问题的实用建议。 【详解】1．考查形容词比较级。句意：在网络的帮助下，购物比以前更容易了。句中出现比较级标志词 than，形容词easy需使用比较级形式easier。 2．考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：我们只需点击鼠标挑选心仪的商品、线上付款，购物就完成了。主语the shopping与动词finish 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be + 过去分词，finish的过去分词为finished。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我们在决定买哪一件商品之前对比同类商品的价格，每年能省下数千元。固定结构“疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语，此处用to buy。 4．考查形容词作表语。句意：如果我们不够细心，就可能陷入麻烦。空格位于 be 动词后，需填入形容词作表语，care对应的形容词为careful，意为“细心的”。 5．考查固定介词搭配。句意：举例来说，我们可能会发现商品的颜色和网上图片中的颜色不一样。固定搭配 different from，表示“与……不同”。 6．考查并列连词。句意：有时候，我们收到的商品尺寸可能偏大或者偏小。根据“too big”和“too small”可知，此处表示选择关系，or 意为“或者”。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这类麻烦，我们应该对比不同网店的同类商品，多留意其他顾客的评价。此处用动词不定式置于句首，表动作的目的，句首单词首字母大写。 8．考查名词复数。句意：从他们的评价中，我们能更好地了解商品的颜色、尺寸以及它的缺点。comment 为可数名词，前文their表示“他们的”，后接可数名词复数形式。 9．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：从他们的评价中，我们能更好地了解商品的颜色、尺寸以及它的缺点。空格后为名词shortcomings，需用形容词性物主代词its作定语，指代商品的。 10．考查不定冠词。句意：这样一来，我们买到更称心商品的几率就会增加。此处泛指“一件更满意的商品”，more发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。 二、阅读理解 A lot of people tend to focus on how many hours of sleep they’re getting but ignore the quality of their sleep, which can be even more important than sleep time. “ 11 . They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms,” said Cunningham, an assistant professor of psychology at Harvard Medical School. Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep. 12 . To get a good night’s worth of sleep, you just get into bed when you’ve built up a lot of sleep pressure. Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock. 13 . Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm. For higher sleep quality, sleep pressure and your circadian rhythm should be working together. 14 . This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality. “One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day. 15 ,” Cunningham said. Once you have a general sleep schedule or routine, then your body will naturally start to seek out its optimal sleep time. A．Don’t let the term fool you, though B．Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep C．It’s better to engage in some low-arousing activities D．You’re concerned about the amount of sleep you’re getting E．An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep F．Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea G．It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period 【答案】11．B 12．G 13．A 14．E 15．F 【导语】文章主要介绍影响睡眠质量的两大身体因素，解释其运作原理，并给出改善睡眠质量的有效方法。 【详解】11．下文“They affect both the type of sleep and the quality of sleep that we’re getting. They are our sleep pressure and circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythms(它们既影响我们的睡眠类型，也影响睡眠质量。它们就是我们的睡眠压力和昼夜节律)”出现代词They，并具体介绍两种影响睡眠的因素，B选项“Two distinct things in our body govern our sleep(我们体内有两种不同的机制支配着我们的睡眠)”引出下文的两种睡眠影响因素，代词对应。 12．上文“Sleep pressure builds up the longer you’re awake and decreases while you’re asleep.(你清醒的时间越长，睡眠压力就越大，睡眠时睡眠压力就会降低)”介绍了睡眠压力的基本原理，G选项“It’s what causes you to start feeling tired after being awake for an extended period(这就是你长时间保持清醒后会感到疲惫的原因)”承接上文，进一步解释睡眠压力带来的身体表现。 13．上文“Your circadian rhythm is your body’s internal clock.(你的昼夜节律是你身体的内部时钟)”引出昼夜节律的定义，下文“Although the pattern that your body follows is guided by your brain, external factors, such as light, can affect your circadian rhythm.(虽然身体遵循的作息模式由大脑主导，但光线等外界因素会影响你的昼夜节律)”介绍昼夜节律的影响因素，A选项“Don’t let the term fool you, though(不过，不要被这个术语误导)”过渡自然，引出昼夜节律并非完全固定、会受外界影响的特点，衔接上下文。 14．下文“This disturbance ultimately lowers your sleep quality(这种紊乱最终会降低你的睡眠质量)”出现指代紊乱的关键词，E选项“An irregular sleep schedule or sudden changes can disrupt your sleep(不规律的作息或突发变化会扰乱你的睡眠)”介绍造成睡眠紊乱的情况，与下文disturbance对应，逻辑通顺。 15．上文“One way to improve sleep quality is to wake up at the same time every day, as it can be a little bit more impactful than going to bed at the same time every day.(改善睡眠质量的一个方法是每天同一时间起床，这比每天同一时间睡觉效果更好)”介绍改善睡眠的方法，F选项“Forcing yourself to go to bed when you aren’t yet sleepy isn’t always a good idea(在不困的时候强迫自己睡觉并非总是好事)”承接上文，补充说明睡眠的正确方式，贴合专家观点。 高考核心词汇 演练 · 高考高频词汇精选背诵（M字母） 1. magnificent 2. mechanic 3. miracle 4. mature 5. magnetic 6. merit 7. miserable 8. multiple 9. majority 10. modify 11. motivate 12. manual 13. manufacture 14. monument 15. moderate 16. mutual 17. march 18. margin 19. modest 20. migrant 21. marvellous 22. merchant 23. misfortune 24. metropolitan 25. mass 26. mess 27. moral 28. mission 29. maintenance 30. mild 31. mineral 32. mansion 33. maximum 34. military 35. maternal 36. mortgage 37. mysterious 38. mercy 39. marine 40. manipulate · 高考核心词汇检测 1. We shouldn’t ____ copy Western things without considering Chinese traditions and customs. A．morally B．mentally C．merely D．merrily 2. He tried to ______the lost time by staying up late. A．make for B．take notice of C．make off D．make up for 3. She chose cushions of a color which would_____her carpet. A. mess         B.modify           C. memorize          D. match 4. Although the young man is physically ______, he still acts like a child. A. mild B. mature C. magic D. modern 5. We can’t afford a car, not to _______ the fact that we have no garage. A. memorize B. mend C. mention D. matter 6. At a memorial service today, thousands gathered to ______ the fighters killed in a fire. A. mop B. mourn C. mow D. motivate 7. You’d better give up smoking, for cigarette smoking _______ the risk of cancer. A. modifies B. manipulates C. multiplies D. mortgages 8. This kind of magazine is ___________ young girls who like fashion. A. meant for B. majored in C. in memory of D. at the mercy of 9. The______ of nurses are women, but in higher ranks of the medical profession women are in minority. A. majority B. maximum C. minimum D. minority 10. The automobile is a necessity in America, but it is also a ______ of social position. A. mask B. master C. mark D. mistress 11. The stronger the _____is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whether he has an interest in it. A．ambition B．inspiration C．imagination D．motivation 12. I enjoy listening to classical music, but I’m so busy now that I’m not in the _____ for it. A. emotion B.motion C. mood D. sense 13. Compared with last year, entrance examination enrollment in Shanghai stopped________. A．mounting up B．speeding up C．bringing up D．calling up 14. They are going to build a ______ in memory of those offering their lives in an accident. A. motto            B. monument           C. module       D. memo 15. He was being very __________ about where he was going. A. miserable B.moderate C.militant D. mysterious 参考答案： 1~5. CDDBC 6~10. BCAAC 11~15. DCABD 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $