Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle Grammar课文要点讲义 2026-2027学年译林版七年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语可数与不可数名词语法核心，系统梳理从定义（可数名词可计数、不可数名词不可计数）、冠词使用（a/an修饰单数可数名词，元音音素前用an）到复数变化规则（规则变化如加-s/-es、变y为i+es，不规则变化如man→men，单复数同形如sheep）及不可数名词计量方式（如two bags of rice）的完整知识链，搭建阶梯式学习支架。 该资料以中英对照解析、典型例句示范和分层练习（单选、a/an填空、复数形式转换、适当形式填空）为特色，通过规则分类与对比培养学生思维品质，高频短语互译强化语言能力理解与表达，综合练习及答案便于课中辅助教师精准教学，课后助力学生自主查漏补缺，提升学习效率与语法应用能力。

Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle Grammar 【课文要点】 1. A countable noun refers to something we can count. 可数名词指的是我们可以数的事物。 - countable adj. 可数的（由count + -able构成） - refer to 指的是 - e.g. An apple is a ____________ noun. 2. An uncountable noun refers to something we cannot count. 不可数名词指的是我们无法数的事物。 - uncountable adj. 不可数的（由un- + count + -able构成） - e.g. Water is an ____________ noun. 3. We use a or an before a singular countable noun. 我们在单数可数名词前使用a或an。 - before prep. 在……之前 - singular adj. 单数的 - e.g. I want to eat ____________ banana. 4. If the noun starts with a vowel sound, we use an. 如果名词以元音音素开头，我们用an。 - starts with 以……开头 - vowel sound 元音音素 - e.g. I want to eat ____________ orange. 5. We can use numbers or the article (a/an) with countable nouns. 我们可以用数字或冠词（a/an）修饰可数名词。 - numbers n. 数字 - article n. 冠词 - e.g. We can use numbers with ____________ nouns. 6. We cannot use numbers with uncountable nouns. 我们不能用数字修饰不可数名词。 - e.g. We cannot use numbers with ____________ nouns. 7. To form the plural of most countable nouns, we add -s to the singular form. 要构成大多数可数名词的复数形式，我们在单数形式后加-s。 - form v. 构成，形成 - plural n. 复数 - e.g. cake → ____________ 8. Nouns ending in a consonant + y: -y + i + es 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词：变y为i加es。 - ending in 以……结尾 - consonant n. 辅音字母 - e.g. story → ____________ 9. Nouns ending in s, sh, ch or x: + es 以s, sh, ch或x结尾的名词：加es。 - e.g. bus → ____________, match → ____________ 10. Nouns ending in f or fe: -f/fe + -ves 以f或fe结尾的名词：变f/fe为ves。 - e.g. half → ____________, life → ____________ 11. Some other nouns have irregular plural forms. 一些其他名词有不规则的复数形式。 - irregular adj. 不规则的 - e.g. man → ____________, woman → ____________, foot → ____________, tooth → ____________, child → ____________ 12. Some nouns have the same form in singular and plural. 一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 - e.g. sheep → ____________ 13. We show the amount of uncountable nouns like this: two bags of rice. 我们这样表示不可数名词的数量：两袋大米。 - amount n. 数量 - e.g. two ____________ of rice 14. We can use numbers or the article (a/an) with countable nouns. 我们可以用数字或冠词（a/an）修饰可数名词。 - e.g. We can use numbers with ____________ nouns. 15. We cannot use numbers with uncountable nouns. 我们不能用数字修饰不可数名词。 - e.g. We cannot use numbers with ____________ nouns. 【可数名词复数变化规则】 大多数名词 + s cake → cakes 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i + es story → stories 以s, sh, ch, x结尾 + es bus → buses, wish → wishes, match → matches, box → boxes 以o结尾 + s 或 + es photo → photos, potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes 以f或fe结尾，变f/fe为ves half → halves, life → lives 不规则变化 man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, child → children 单复数同形 sheep → sheep 【不可数名词计量方式】 two bags of rice 两袋大米 three cups of tea 三杯茶 four kilos of meat 四公斤肉 five cartons of milk 五盒牛奶 six bottles of juice 六瓶果汁 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. countable noun ____________ 2. ____________ 可数名词 3. uncountable noun ____________ 4. ____________ 不可数名词 5. refer to ____________ 6. ____________ 指的是 7. starts with ____________ 8. ____________ 以……开头 9. vowel sound ____________ 10. ____________ 元音音素 11. singular form ____________ 12. ____________ 单数形式 13. plural form ____________ 14. ____________ 复数形式 15. ending in ____________ 16. ____________ 以……结尾 17. irregular plural ____________ 18. ____________ 不规则复数 19. amount of ____________ 20. ____________ ……的数量 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. An apple is a ____________ noun. A. countable B. uncountable C. count D. counted ( ) 2. Water is an ____________ noun. A. countable B. uncountable C. count D. counted ( ) 3. I want to eat ____________ banana. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 4. I want to eat ____________ orange. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 5. We can use numbers with ____________ nouns. A. countable B. uncountable C. both D. neither ( ) 6. We cannot use numbers with ____________ nouns. A. countable B. uncountable C. both D. neither ( ) 7. cake → ____________ A. cake B. cakes C. caks D. caked ( ) 8. story → ____________ A. storys B. stories C. storeis D. storis ( ) 9. bus → ____________ A. buses B. busses C. bus D. buss ( ) 10. child → ____________ A. childs B. children C. childrens D. childes 二、用a或an填空 1. I want to eat ______ banana. 2. I want to eat ______ orange. 3. I want to eat ______ egg. 4. I want to eat ______ apple. 5. I want to eat ______ cake. 6. I want to eat ______ ice cream. 7. I want to eat ______ hamburger. 8. I want to eat ______ onion. 9. I want to eat ______ tomato. 10. I want to eat ______ cucumber. 三、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. cake → ______ 2. story → ______ 3. bus → ______ 4. match → ______ 5. box → ______ 6. photo → ______ 7. potato → ______ 8. tomato → ______ 9. half → ______ 10. life → ______ 11. man → ______ 12. woman → ______ 13. foot → ______ 14. tooth → ______ 15. child → ______ 16. sheep → ______ 17. wish → ______ 18. knife → ______ 19. hero → ______ 20. wolf → ______ 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. An apple is a ____________ (count) noun. 2. Water is an ____________ (count) noun. 3. I want to eat a ____________ (banana). 4. I want to eat an ____________ (orange). 5. We can use numbers with ____________ (count) nouns. 6. We cannot use numbers with ____________ (count) nouns. 7. I have two ____________ (cake). 8. She told me many ____________ (story). 9. There are five ____________ (bus) at the station. 10. He bought three ____________ (box) of chocolates. 11. We need some ____________ (potato) for dinner. 12. I have two ____________ (tooth) in my mouth. 13. There are many ____________ (child) in the park. 14. I saw three ____________ (sheep) on the farm. 15. She bought two ____________ (bottle) of juice. 16. I need two ____________ (bag) of rice. 17. He drank three ____________ (cup) of tea. 18. We bought four ____________ (kilo) of meat. 19. She has five ____________ (carton) of milk. 20. I have two ____________ (foot). 答案 一、单项选择 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 二、用a或an填空 1. a 2. an 3. an 4. an 5. a 6. an 7. a 8. an 9. a 10. a 三、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. cakes 2. stories 3. buses 4. matches 5. boxes 6. photos 7. potatoes 8. tomatoes 9. halves 10. lives 11. men 12. women 13. feet 14. teeth 15. children 16. sheep 17. wishes 18. knives 19. heroes 20. wolves 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. countable 2. uncountable 3. banana 4. orange 5. countable 6. uncountable 7. cakes 8. stories 9. buses 10. boxes 11. potatoes 12. teeth 13. children 14. sheep 15. bottles 16. bags 17. cups 18. kilos 19. cartons 20. feet 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $