UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版）

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，以"基础巩固-能力提升-综合应用"三级分层设计，通过词汇→语法→语篇的递进路径，系统培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|核心词汇拼写、基础语法规则|单词拼写（如defeated, acknowledge）、单句语法填空（词性转换、固定搭配），夯实语言能力基础| |能力提升|句型结构应用、语篇语法|完成句子（如"It is acknowledged that..."）、课文语法填空（时态、非谓语），衔接单一知识点与语篇理解| |综合应用|语篇阅读与逻辑推理|阅读理解（人物故事）、完形填空（励志叙事），通过真实情境提升思维品质与文化意识|

Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He is unwilling to acknowledge having been defeated (战胜)． 2．(2023·全国甲卷，书面表达) It is acknowledged (公认的) that smoking is harmful to your health. 3．I wonder who made this decision and how they came to their conclusion(结论)． 4．With the development of the Internet, we can obtain(获得) a wider knowledge more effectively. 5．As for work, we'll mostly(主要) work at home, communicating ideas for work online. 6．It goes without saying that oceans play a critical(关键的) role in the world. 7．Apart from my academic (学术的) studies，I always manage to find time for what I'm interested in. 8．Promoting the Internet Plus Education model is of vital(至关重要的) importance because it can improve the sharing of educational resources. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．As students, we should make good use of iPads to help achieve academic(academy) success. 2．In the end，he acknowledged obtaining/having obtained (obtain) his father's financial support. 3．When eating hotpot, you can put everything you like in the boiling(boil) water in the oven. 4．As is known to all, interest is vital to the success of one's career. 5．I insist on learning (learn) from Lei Feng and serving the people whole­heartedly. 6．The old scientist told his students that scientific (science) theories must be based on facts. 7．My efforts finally paid off and my academic scores got improved(improve)． 8．Winning the game is crucial to the team, for the result will decide whether it can defend its title. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．太极不仅是一种古老的武术形式， 还是保持健康的有效方法， 这是大家所公认的。 It is generally acknowledged that Tai Chi is not only an ancient martial art, but is also an effective way of keeping fit. 2．近些年来， 为了提高我的英语口语， 我看了许多美式英语电视剧。 In recent years, I have watched plenty of TV series in American English with the objective of improving my oral English. 3．为了学好汉语，每天阅读有趣的汉语新闻对于来自美国的交换生来说很重要。 To learn Chinese well，reading interesting Chinese news every day is vital to/for American exchange students． 4．我很荣幸邀请你作为特邀嘉宾。 It's a great honour for me to invite you as a special guest. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Tu Youyou was awarded with Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015, because she has discovered artemisinin, which 1.was used (use) as a crucial new treatment for malaria to save millions of people. Born in Ningbo, China, she graduated 2.from Peking University Medical School in 1955.She was among the first researchers 3.chosen (choose) for the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria. At first, she went to Hainan because there were more malaria 4.patients (patient). When she headed the project in 1969, she decided to find traditional 5.botanical (botany) treatments for the disease, so her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts and evaluated 280, 000 plants, from 6.which they tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. Though Tu's team tested dried wormwood leaves and tried the liquid obtained by 7.boiling (boil) fresh wormwood, they failed in vain. However, Tu didn't acknowledge defeat and analysed the medical texts again, finding a new way 8.to treat (treat) the wormwood. After failing over 190 times, the team 9.finally (final) succeeded in 1971.This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. Tu owed the honour to the efforts of a team and she felt it 10.an honour to spread traditional Chinese medicine around the world. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It all started when the 16­year­old Boyan Slat was scuba diving (水肺潜水) in Greece and was surprised to see more plastic than fish.The question “Why don't we just clean it up？” stayed in his mind, and led him to devote his high school science project to understanding the problem. After a year of experimenting, Boyan came up with the idea to use the ocean currents to his advantage, and let them be the driving force behind catching and collecting the plastic.Instead of going after the plastic, you could let the plastic come to you. Initially, his idea did not gain attention.He decided to quit his studies and founded The Ocean Cleanup, with just 300 euros of savings as a starting capital. Then one night in March 2013, things changed.He spoke on TEDx about this project.The TEDx video spread to hundreds of thousands of people.In a matter of days, an initial team was built, and it raised the first USD 90，000.The project took off. Their early models had their share of failures — plastic slipping through, parts breaking off in the ocean.But they kept at it.In 2019, System 001/B finally worked.Then came System 002, which in 2021 gathered 20，000 pounds of ocean waste.Now they launched the Interceptor: a solar­powered system designed to catch plastic in rivers before it reaches the ocean.So far, Interceptors have been used in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Dominican Republic, and Los Angeles — with more on the way. Boyan Slat's journey is a powerful reminder that innovation, passion, and determination can lead to significant change.His work to clean up the oceans has made a lasting impact on the world and serves as an inspiration for others to take action on environmental issues. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Boyan Slat从一次不愉快的潜水经历中获得灵感，立志清理海洋塑料垃圾，历经挫折后创立“海洋清理”项目，最终研发出有效清理设备并产生深远影响的故事。 1．What inspired Boyan Slat to deal with plastic problems? A．A high school science project. B．An unpleasant diving experience. C．A cleanup research program. D．An experiment of ocean currents. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段“It all started when the 16­year­old Boyan Slat was scuba diving...The question ‘Why don't we just clean it up？’ stayed in his mind, and led him to devote his high school science project to understanding the problem.”可知，这次不愉快的潜水经历让他产生了解决塑料污染问题的想法。故选B。 2．What is Boyan's idea of the ocean cleanup? A．Catching plastics by scuba divers. B．Breaking down plastics in the sea. C．Trapping trash using ocean currents. D．Going after plastics with machines. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Boyan came up with the idea to to use the ocean currents to his advantage, and let them be the driving force behind catching and collecting the plastic.”可知，他的清理思路是借助洋流困住垃圾。故选C。 3．What was the turning point of the The Ocean Cleanup? A．The donated 300 euros to the project. B．Boyan's presentation in a TEDx video. C．The successful launching of Interceptor. D．Boyan's decision to drop out of school. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Then one night in March 2013, things changed.He spoke on TEDx about this project...The project took off.”可知，他在TEDx的演讲是项目的转折点。故选B。 4．What can be learned from Boyan Slat's story? A．Better late than never. B．All roads lead to Rome. C．A good beginning is half done. D．Where there is a will, there is a way. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Boyan Slat's journey is a powerful reminder that innovation, passion, and determination can lead to significant change.”可推知，“有志者事竟成”最能概括他的故事带来的启示。故选D。 B Chen­Ning Yang, born in 1922 in Hefei, China, is a towering figure in the world of theoretical physics.His journey began in China, where he completed his undergraduate education at the National Southwestern Associated University, a unique institution formed during the Sino­Japanese War.In 1945, he moved to the United States on a scholarship and earned his Ph.D.from the University of Chicago. Yang's most celebrated achievement came in 1956 when he and his colleague Tsung­Dao Lee proposed that in weak nuclear interactions, parity might not be conserved.This idea challenged a fundamental law of physics that was previously thought to be unbreakable.Their theoretical work was confirmed experimentally within a year, and in 1957, Yang and Lee were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, becoming the first Chinese laureates.This rapid recognition is rare in the history of science. Beyond the Nobel Prize, Yang's contribution to physics is profound and lasting.Together with Robert Mills, he developed the Yang­Mills gauge theory, which became a cornerstone of the Standard Model of particle physics.This framework is essential for understanding the fundamental forces of the universe. Yang's life is also a story of cultural bridge­building.After retiring from Stony Brook University in the U．S., he made a significant decision to return to China in 2003, resuming his Chinese citizenship later.He settled at Tsinghua University in Beijing, dedicating his efforts to advancing scientific research and education in his homeland.He played a crucial role in establishing the Center for Advanced Study at Tsinghua, guiding a new generation of Chinese physicists. Professor Yang is not only respected for his scientific brilliance but also for his deep cultural insight.He often emphasizes the importance of basic science and the harmonious integration of Eastern and Western scientific traditions.His life and work truly serve as a bridge connecting different cultures and eras. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了20世纪最伟大的物理学家之一、中国首批科学诺贝尔奖得主之一杨振宁的生平、学术成就以及他对中国和世界科学界的贡献。 5．What was the significance of the theory proposed by Yang and Lee? A．It explained the structure of the atom. B．It was confirmed after many decades of experimentation. C．It challenged a previously accepted law of physics. D．It was the foundation for the Yang­Mills theory. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Yang's most celebrated achievement came in 1956 when he and his colleague Tsung­Dao Lee proposed that in weak nuclear interactions, parity might not be conserved.This idea challenged a fundamental law of physics that was previously thought to be unbreakable.”可知，杨、李二人提出的理论的意义在于挑战了此前公认的物理定律。故选C。 6．Which of the following best describes Chen­Ning Yang's character as portrayed in the passage? A．A solitary genius who preferred to work alone. B．A politician who used his fame for diplomatic purposes. C．A businessman who applied science to practical applications. D．A figure with global vision and a sense of responsibility to his homeland. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第四段“ he made a significant decision to return to China in 2003...dedicating his efforts to advancing scientific research and education in his homeland.”以及最后一段“He often emphasizes the importance of basic science and the harmonious integration of Eastern and Western scientific traditions.”可知，杨振宁是一位兼具国际视野、心怀家国责任感的科学家。故选D。 7．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The life and multifaceted contributions of Chen­Ning Yang. B．The long and successful career of Yang in the United States. C．The fierce competition between Yang and Lee for the Nobel Prize. D．The technical details of the parity non­conservation theory. 解析　A　主旨大意题。文章依次介绍了杨振宁的求学经历、物理学领域的重大贡献、归国助力祖国科研教育发展的事迹，以及他在文化融合方面的理念。核心是展现杨振宁的生平与多方面贡献。故选A。 8．What can we infer about Yang from his decision to return to China? A．He wanted to enjoy a more relaxed retirement life. B．He felt a strong commitment to contributing to China's scientific development. C．He lost his interest in theoretical physics. D．He planned to start a new business in his home country. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第四段“dedicating his efforts to advancing scientific research and education in his homeland.He played a crucial role in establishing the Center for Advanced Study at Tsinghua, guiding a new generation of Chinese physicists.”可知，杨振宁回国的举动体现出他对助力中国科学发展的强烈使命感。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2025·河南部分学校联考)Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria, Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.She 1 herself on movie posters, a leading lady in her country's globally famous film industry—Nollywood. Three decades later, Ms Onye 2 it — she has indeed become something, though not quite in the way she dreamed.At the Paris Paralympics(残奥会), she will 3 in shot put (铅球)． Ms Onye was 4 to shot put in her early 20s for the first time, after she moved to Lagos to try to achieve her dream of being a 5 ．To everyone's surprise, it turned out she 6 heaving (投掷) a shot put, however. In 2011, she 7 her country at international competitions.But she had not enough money, and she 8 to find the resources to train at a higher level.“I was sometimes training while hungry，” she 9 ．“I once fainted(晕倒) on the track.” 10 ， she kept setting under the guidance of her 11 and then breaking her own world record.As a successful athlete, she 12 a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film Lords of Money.But her 13 career remains more of a side gig (副业) now.She continues to train hard to improve her skills as a world­class para shot­putter. Now she is 14 to make her coach proud again in Paris, because he was the one who first told her, “You have the 15 in you to be great.” [语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奥妮，一位尼日利亚的残疾人运动员，通过自己的努力，成为一名铅球运动员，并且她还是一名演员的故事。 1．A.imagined　　　　　 B．admired C．noticed D．recommended 解析　A　根据上文“Growing up in a village in southern Nigeria, Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.(在尼日利亚南部的一个村庄长大的劳里塔·奥涅确信自己有一天会成为明星。)”可知，此处指的是她想象着自己出现在电影海报上。故选A。 2．A.found B．needed C．made D．quit 解析　C　根据下文“she has indeed become something” 可知，她确实有些成就，此处指的是她成功了。故选C。 3．A.compete B．help C．train D．succeed 解析　A　根据空格前的“At the Paris Paralympic”可知，她将参加铅球比赛，也就是在铅球比赛中竞争。故选A。 4．A.reported B．introduced C．limited D．used 解析　B　根据下文“in her early 20s for the first time”可知，此处指的是她第一次接触铅球。故选B。 5．A.dancer B．expert C．shot­putter D．star 解析　D　根据上文“Lauritta Onye was sure she was going to be a star some day.”可知，她试图实现自己的明星梦想。故选D。 6．A.put off B．relied on C．was good at D．was patient with 解析　C　根据下文“In 2011, she 7 her country at international competitions.”可知，此处指的是她擅长于铅球。故选C。 7．A.chose B．represented C．changed D．protected 解析　B　根据下文“But she had not enough money, and she 8 to find the resources to train at a higher level.”可知，她寻找资源进行更高水平的训练，是为了代表国家参加国际比赛。故选B。 8．A.agreed B．happened C．continued D．struggled 解析　D　根据上文“But she had not enough money”可知，她没有足够多的钱，她必须努力寻找资源进行高水平的训练。故选D。 9．A.remembers B．adds C．repeats D．complains 解析　A　根据下文“‘I once fainted on the track.’”可知，她曾经在铁轨上晕倒，此处是回忆已经发生的事情。故选A。 10．A.Besides B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．Still 解析　D　根据上文“‘I was sometimes training while hungry，’ she 9 ．‘I once fainted(晕倒) on the track.’”与本句“她在教练的指导下继续前进，并打破记录”为转折关系。故选D。 11．A.parents B．coach C．partners D．friend 解析　B　根据下文“and then breaking her own world record”可知，她打破了世界纪录，此处指的是在教练的专业指导下进行训练。故选B。 12．A.refused B．discovered C．landed D．missed 解析　C　此处指的是担任主演，但是她只是把演艺生涯看作副业。故选C。 13．A.acting B．sporting C．teaching D．writing 解析　A　根据上文“As a successful athlete, she 12 a starring role in the 2015 Nollywood film Lords of Money.”可知，她在电影中担任主演，此处指的是演艺生涯。故选A。 14．A.led B．supposed C．determined D．surprised 解析　C　根据下文“to make her coach proud again in Paris”可知，此处是决定让她教练再次感到骄傲。故选C。 15．A.idea B．fire C．pride D．task 解析　B　根据上文“她决心在巴黎再次让她的教练感到骄傲”可知，教练是第一个告诉她是有伟大的激情的人。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $