新课7 必修第一册 Unit 4 My space（词汇+课文）（沪教版）（教材预习，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

沪教版必修一Unit 4 My space（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词块词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、重难句式讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，点面夯实突破 重点速记 知识点1 读单词、识词义 单词 词性 释义 短语搭配 experiment n. 实验；试验 conduct an experiment capable adj. 有能力的 be capable of survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在 survive in unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地；可悲地 unfortunately for labour-saving adj. 省力的；节省劳力的；降低劳动强度的 labour-saving device device n. 装置；仪器；器具；设备 electronic device immediately adv. 立即；马上；即刻 act immediately disappear v. 消失；不见 disappear from sight regularly adv. 有规律地 exercise regularly bomb n. 炸弹 atomic bomb goods n. 商品；货品 goods for sale petrol n. 汽油 petrol station boil v. （使）沸腾；煮沸；烧开 boil water aim n. 目的；目标 aim to do narrow adj. 狭窄的；窄小的 narrow path suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受折磨 suffer from argue v. 论证；说理；争辩 argue with decrease v. （使大小、数量等）减少，减小，降低 decrease in apartment n. （通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房 luxury apartment definitely adv. 肯定；当然；确实 definitely will stuff n. 东西，物品 stuff for sale downstairs adj. 楼下的 go downstairs piano n. 钢琴 play the piano talent n. 天才；天资；天赋 have a talent for curtain n. 窗帘 draw the curtain gather v. 搜集，收集（情报） gather information data n. 数据；资料；材料 collect data download v. 下载 download from software n. 软件 computer software company n. 公司；商号；商行 start a company load v. （把大量……）装上，装入 load up file n. 文件 open a file percentage n. 百分率；百分比 high percentage recommend v. 推荐 recommend sb to do sth prefer v. 较喜欢；喜欢……多于…… prefer to do responsibility n. 职责；义务；任务 sense of responsibility arrange v. 整理；排列；布置 arrange a meeting poster n. 海报 put up a poster extremely adv. 极其；极端；非常 extremely important slightly adv. 略微；稍微 slightly different technique n. 技术；技能 special technique grab v. 引人注意；吸引 grab attention brochure n. 资料（或广告）手册 tourist brochure intended adj. 意欲达到的；打算的；计划的 as intended ceiling n. 天花板；顶棚 high ceiling occasion n. 特别的事情（或仪式、庆典） on occasion upper-class adj. 上流社会的 upper-class family style n. 风格；体 fashion style soul n. 灵魂 soul of time-honoured adj. 古老而受到尊重的；历史悠久的； time-honoured tradition 知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 1. experiment n. 实验；试验→experimental adj. 实验的；试验的→experimentally adv. 实验上地 2. capable adj. 有能力的→capability n. 能力；才能→capable of 有能力做…… 3. survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在→survival n. 幸存；生存→survivor n. 幸存者 4. device n. 装置；仪器；器具；设备→devise v. 设计；发明→devisable adj. 可设计的 5. aim n. 目的；目标→aimless adj. 无目的的；无目标的→aiming prep. 旨在；目的是 6. suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨→suffering n. 痛苦；苦难→sufferer n. 受苦者 7. argue v. 论证；说理；争辩→argument n. 争论；辩论→arguable adj. 可争论的 8. decrease v. （使大小、数量等）减少，减小，降低→decrease n. 减少；降低→decreasingly adv. 越来越少地 9. piano n. 钢琴→pianist n. 钢琴家→pianistic adj. 钢琴的；钢琴演奏的 10. talent n. 天才；天资；天赋→talented adj. 有才能的；天才的→talentless adj. 无才能的 知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配 1. hang on 等等（好像有什么不对或新的情况出现） 2. take cover 躲避；隐蔽 3. domestic chore 家务琐事 4. to somebody’s credit 使值得表扬；使受尊重 5. science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等） 6. be attractive to 对……有吸引力的 核心词汇精讲 1. capable adj. 有能力的；能胜任的 With proper training, everyone is capable of finishing daily domestic chores well. 经过适当练习，每个人都能做好日常家务。 【拓展】capability n. 能力；才能；incapable adj. 无能力的 【搭配】be capable of doing sth 能够做某事；a capable designer 能干的设计师 2. survive v. 生存；存活；幸存；经受住 This labour-saving device can survive long-term frequent use in apartments. 这款省力设备能在公寓中长期频繁使用而不易损坏。 【拓展】survival n. 生存；幸存；survivor n. 幸存者 【搭配】survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存；survive on little money 靠微薄收入度日 3. device n. 装置；仪器；设备 Many smart devices help us arrange our personal space more efficiently. 许多智能设备帮助我们更高效地整理个人空间。 【搭配】electronic device 电子设备；labour-saving device 省力器具 4. decrease v.&n.（使）减少，减小，降低 Regularly tidying rooms can decrease the stress caused by messy stuff. 定期整理房间能减少杂乱物品带来的压力。 【拓展】increase v.&n. 增加（反义词） 【搭配】decrease by 下降了；decrease to 下降至；a sharp decrease 大幅减少 5. suffer v.（因疾病、痛苦、压力等）受苦，受难，受折磨 People who never organize their space often suffer from anxiety. 从不整理个人空间的人常常饱受焦虑困扰。 【拓展】suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 【搭配】suffer from stress/illness 承受压力 / 患病；suffer losses 遭受损失 6. recommend v. 推荐；建议 Experts recommend arranging your apartment with simple and warm decorations. 专家建议用简约温馨的饰品布置公寓。 【拓展】recommendation n. 推荐；建议 【搭配】recommend doing sth 建议做某事；recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物 7. prefer v. 较喜欢；喜欢…… 多于…… Most teenagers prefer a narrow but bright bedroom with soft curtains. 大多数青少年更喜欢狭小但明亮、配有柔和窗帘的卧室。 【拓展】preference n. 偏爱；偏好 【搭配】prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A；prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 8. responsibility n. 职责；义务；责任 It is every adult’s responsibility to keep their living space clean and tidy. 保持居住空间整洁是每个成年人的责任。 【拓展】responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的 【搭配】take responsibility for 承担…… 责任；a sense of responsibility 责任感 9. arrange v. 整理；排列；布置；安排 She spends every weekend arranging posters and curtains in her apartment. 她每周末都会整理公寓里的海报与窗帘。 【拓展】arrangement n. 布置；安排 【搭配】arrange furniture 摆放家具；arrange a meeting 安排会面 10. aim n. 目的；目标 v. 旨在；瞄准 The main aim of this experiment is to test the function of new software. 这个实验的主要目的是测试新款软件的功能。 【搭配】achieve one’s aim 实现目标；aim to do sth 旨在做某事 11. data n. 数据；资料；材料 We gather a large amount of data about people’s habits of using digital devices. 我们收集大量人们使用数码设备习惯的数据。 【搭配】collect data 收集数据；analyse data 分析数据 12. experiment n. 实验；试验 v. 做实验 We will carry out an experiment to test how the new device works. 我们将做实验来测试这款新设备的运作方式。 【拓展】experimental adj. 实验性的 【搭配】carry out an experiment 做实验；science experiment 科学实验 13. gather v. 搜集，收集；聚集 We gather useful brochures and posters to decorate our personal space. 我们收集实用手册与海报来装点私人空间。 【拓展】gathering n. 集会；聚集 【搭配】gather information 搜集信息；gather together 聚集在一起 14. technique n. 技术；技能；技巧 He learned useful storage techniques to save space in his small apartment. 他学到实用收纳技巧，节省小公寓的空间。 【拓展】technical adj. 技术的；工艺的 【搭配】practical technique 实用技巧；learning techniques 学习方法 15. occasion n. 特别的事情；仪式；场合 We hang colourful posters on special occasions to warm up our living space. 每逢特殊场合，我们会张贴彩色海报让居所更温馨。 【搭配】on this occasion 在这次场合；special occasions 特殊庆典 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： The 1940 house “There were many times when I thought,” I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’. But then I’d stop and say, ‘Hang on. In the 1940s, women didn’t say they couldn’t do it. They just got on with it. ’”These are the words of 50-year-old Lyn Hymers, who took part in an experiment called The 1940s House. The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of surviving in the 1940s. 参考译文： 有很多次我想，“我做不到。”我是一个21世纪的女人。我不是每天工作18个小时。但我会停下来说，‘等等。在20世纪40年代，女性并没有说她们不能这样做。他们就这么干了。这是50岁的琳恩·海莫斯说的话，她参加了一项名为“1940年代的房子”的实验。实验的目的是看一个现代家庭是否有能力在20世纪40年代生存下来。 In March, Lyn, her husband Michael, her daughter and two grandsons arrived at a three-bedroomed house in south London. Unfortunately, when they opened the door, all 21st century labour-saving devices immediately disappeared. There was no central heating or fridge in the house, but luckily they had a coal fire to keep them warm. 参考译文： 今年3月，琳恩和她的丈夫迈克尔、女儿以及两个外孙来到伦敦南部一所有三间卧室的房子里。不幸的是，当他们打开大门时，所有21世纪的省力设备立刻消失了。房子里没有中央暖气或冰箱，但幸运的是，他们有一堆煤火来取暖。 But food and warmth were not as important as safety—their first task was to quickly dig a hole in the garden. The family needed to have a place to take cover: World War II started in 1939, and German planes were regularly dropping bombs over London. Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible. 参考译文： 但是食物和温暖并不像安全那么重要——他们的第一个任务是在花园里迅速挖一个洞。这个家庭需要一个隐蔽的地方:1939年第二次世界大战开始了，德国飞机经常在伦敦上空投下炸弹。虽然战争对Hymers来说并不真实，但他们在洞里呆了很长时间。他们希望这个实验看起来尽可能真实。 The war wasn’t real, but the difficulties of everyday life were. In the 1940s, there was rationing of goods such as food and petrol. There wasn’t much meat or milk, or many eggs, and the food was really boring. As a result, the family were often hungry, especially the children. Before the experiment, the children often had snacks, but now they ate dry sandwiches for lunch. 参考译文： 战争是不真实的，但日常生活的困难是真实的。20世纪40年代，食品和汽油等商品实行定量配给。没有多少肉和牛奶，也没有很多鸡蛋，而且食物真的很无聊。结果，家里经常挨饿，尤其是孩子们。实验前，孩子们经常吃零食，但现在他们午餐吃干三明治。 Domestic chores were a challenge too. In the 1940s, these chores were like a full-time job. While Michael went out to work, Lyn and her daughter spent most of their time preparing meals, doing the dishes and cleaning the floor. Things that Lyn did easily before, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. “We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,” said Lyn. 参考译文： 家务琐事也是个挑战。在20世纪40年代，这些家务就像是一份全职工作。当迈克尔出去工作时，琳恩和她的女儿大部分时间都在做饭、洗碗和擦地板。以前琳很容易做到的事情，现在变得异常困难。她最想念她的洗衣机。林恩说:“我们不得不把衣服煮了，天气不好的时候，什么都不可能烘干。” Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work. In the evenings they played board games with the children, read books or just talked. Life in the 1940s wasn’t easy, but an easier and more comfortable life doesn’t necessarily mean a better life. “I would happily go back there,” she says, “I loved that house where we all laughed and cried together as a family. 参考译文： 如今，林恩回到了她的现代开放式住宅，但令人惊讶的是，她怀念上世纪40年代的房子。她觉得，家庭变得更亲密了，因为他们帮助分担了辛苦的工作。晚上，他们和孩子们玩棋盘游戏，读书或者只是聊天。20世纪40年代的生活并不容易，但更轻松、更舒适的生活并不一定意味着更好的生活。“我会很高兴地回到那里，”她说，“我喜欢那座房子，在那里我们一家人一起欢笑，一起哭泣 二、课文研习： 重难句式及解析 1. “There were many times when I thought, ‘I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’.” 解析：这是一个包含定语从句的复合句。“when I thought...” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “many times”，表示 “我有很多次这样想”。直接引语的使用生动展现了人物的内心矛盾，通过现代女性视角与 1940 年代女性的对比，突出实验中的心理冲突。 2.“The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of surviving in the 1940s.” 解析：句中 “to see if...” 为动词不定式作表语，“if” 引导宾语从句，表达实验的目的。“be capable of” 是固定搭配，意为 “有能力做某事”，该句式清晰阐述了实验的核心目标，即验证现代家庭在过去时代的生存能力。 3.“Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible.” 解析：前句是让步状语从句，“Although” 引导的从句与主句形成转折，强调尽管战争是模拟的，但他们仍认真对待。后句中 “as real as possible” 是比较状语结构，体现他们对实验真实性的追求，两句通过逻辑衔接展现实验的严谨性。 4.“Things that Lyn did easily before, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. ‘We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,’ said Lyn.” 解析：首句中 “that Lyn did easily before” 是定语从句，修饰 “Things”，突出过去与现在的对比。直接引语部分包含时间状语从句 “when the weather wasn’t good”，通过具体生活细节（煮衣服、晾衣服困难），具象化展现 1940 年代家务的繁琐，增强文本的画面感。 5.“Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work.” 解析：前句通过 “but” 形成转折，打破读者对现代生活的预期；后句中 “she feels” 作为插入语，强调主观感受，“because” 引导原因状语从句，解释 “家庭关系更紧密” 的原因。该组句子通过逻辑转折和因果关系，升华了实验的意义 —— 物质舒适与精神联结的对比。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 要求：根据首字母及中文提示写出完整单词 1. Everyone is c__________（有能力的）of creating a comfortable personal living space. 2. This small smart d__________（设备）can help us control the lights in the apartment. 3. Many old daily objects s__________（幸存）and become unique decorations at home. 4. Tidy habits can d__________（减少）the waste of room storage space greatly. 5. People who keep messy rooms often s__________（受折磨）from bad moods. 6. Designers r__________（推荐）simple curtains for narrow bedrooms. 7. I p__________（更喜欢）a quiet study area full of books rather than a fancy living room. 8. Sharing housework is every family member’s r__________（责任）. 9. She spends hours every day a__________（整理）her posters and personal stuff. 10. The main a__________（目标）of the experiment is to test new storage tools. 11. The researchers collect plenty of d__________（数据）about teenagers’ room styles. 12. We will do an e__________（实验）to compare different labour-saving devices. 13. We g__________（收集）beautiful brochures to stick on the wall as decorations. 14. The video teaches practical storage t__________（技巧）for small apartments. 15. We put up warm posters on special o__________（场合）to cheer up the space. 参考答案 capable, device, survive, decrease, suffer, recommend, prefer, responsibility, arrange, aim, data, experiment, gather, technique, occasion 二、完成句子 用所给单词的适当形式填空 intends company escape stuff arrange store file recommend load definite capable 1. The ____________has overspent on marketing. 这个公司在市场推广方面开支过多。 2. I could ____________to meet with you any day next week. 我可以安排在下周的任何一天和你见一面。 3. I selected a ____________and pressed the delete key. 我选定了一份文件，然后按下了删除键。 4. Joseph is the right man for the job. You should ____________him. 约瑟夫是这份工作的合适人选。你该推荐他。 5. We didn't have any ____________proof. 我们没有任何确凿的证据。 6. Carrying more than a light ____________on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. 自行车上携带超额负载会使自行车更难以控制。 7. Be very careful with this ____________, it can be dangerous if it isn't handled properly. 对这东西要小心，处理得不好可能会发生危险。 8. He ____________to get rid of the tipping practice. 他打算取消给小费的做法。 9. Two police officers had a narrow ____________when rioters attacked their vehicles. 暴徒们攻击他们的车辆时，两名警官死里逃生。 10. You are ____________of better work than this. 你有能力做得比这更好。 答案：1.company 2. arrange 3. file 4. recommend 5. definite 6. load 7. stuff 8. intends 9. escape 10. capable 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沪教版必修一Unit 4 My space（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词块词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、重难句式讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，点面夯实突破 重点速记 知识点1 读单词、识词义 单词 词性 释义 短语搭配 experiment n. 实验；试验 conduct an experiment capable adj. 有能力的 be capable of survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在 survive in unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地；可悲地 unfortunately for labour-saving adj. 省力的；节省劳力的；降低劳动强度的 labour-saving device device n. 装置；仪器；器具；设备 electronic device immediately adv. 立即；马上；即刻 act immediately disappear v. 消失；不见 disappear from sight regularly adv. 有规律地 exercise regularly bomb n. 炸弹 atomic bomb goods n. 商品；货品 goods for sale petrol n. 汽油 petrol station boil v. （使）沸腾；煮沸；烧开 boil water aim n. 目的；目标 aim to do narrow adj. 狭窄的；窄小的 narrow path suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受折磨 suffer from argue v. 论证；说理；争辩 argue with decrease v. （使大小、数量等）减少，减小，降低 decrease in apartment n. （通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房 luxury apartment definitely adv. 肯定；当然；确实 definitely will stuff n. 东西，物品 stuff for sale downstairs adj. 楼下的 go downstairs piano n. 钢琴 play the piano talent n. 天才；天资；天赋 have a talent for curtain n. 窗帘 draw the curtain gather v. 搜集，收集（情报） gather information data n. 数据；资料；材料 collect data download v. 下载 download from software n. 软件 computer software company n. 公司；商号；商行 start a company load v. （把大量……）装上，装入 load up file n. 文件 open a file percentage n. 百分率；百分比 high percentage recommend v. 推荐 recommend sb to do sth prefer v. 较喜欢；喜欢……多于…… prefer to do responsibility n. 职责；义务；任务 sense of responsibility arrange v. 整理；排列；布置 arrange a meeting poster n. 海报 put up a poster extremely adv. 极其；极端；非常 extremely important slightly adv. 略微；稍微 slightly different technique n. 技术；技能 special technique grab v. 引人注意；吸引 grab attention brochure n. 资料（或广告）手册 tourist brochure intended adj. 意欲达到的；打算的；计划的 as intended ceiling n. 天花板；顶棚 high ceiling occasion n. 特别的事情（或仪式、庆典） on occasion upper-class adj. 上流社会的 upper-class family style n. 风格；体 fashion style soul n. 灵魂 soul of time-honoured adj. 古老而受到尊重的；历史悠久的； time-honoured tradition 知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 1. experiment n. 实验；试验→experimental adj. 实验的；试验的→experimentally adv. 实验上地 2. capable adj. 有能力的→capability n. 能力；才能→capable of 有能力做…… 3. survive v. 生存；存活；继续存在→survival n. 幸存；生存→survivor n. 幸存者 4. device n. 装置；仪器；器具；设备→devise v. 设计；发明→devisable adj. 可设计的 5. aim n. 目的；目标→aimless adj. 无目的的；无目标的→aiming prep. 旨在；目的是 6. suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦，受难，受折磨→suffering n. 痛苦；苦难→sufferer n. 受苦者 7. argue v. 论证；说理；争辩→argument n. 争论；辩论→arguable adj. 可争论的 8. decrease v. （使大小、数量等）减少，减小，降低→decrease n. 减少；降低→decreasingly adv. 越来越少地 9. piano n. 钢琴→pianist n. 钢琴家→pianistic adj. 钢琴的；钢琴演奏的 10. talent n. 天才；天资；天赋→talented adj. 有才能的；天才的→talentless adj. 无才能的 知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配 1. hang on 等等（好像有什么不对或新的情况出现） 2. take cover 躲避；隐蔽 3. domestic chore 家务琐事 4. to somebody’s credit 使值得表扬；使受尊重 5. science fiction 科幻小说（或影片等） 6. be attractive to 对……有吸引力的 核心词汇精讲 1. capable adj. 有能力的；能胜任的 With proper training, everyone is capable of finishing daily domestic chores well. 经过适当练习，每个人都能做好日常家务。 【拓展】capability n. 能力；才能；incapable adj. 无能力的 【搭配】be capable of doing sth 能够做某事；a capable designer 能干的设计师 2. survive v. 生存；存活；幸存；经受住 This labour-saving device can survive long-term frequent use in apartments. 这款省力设备能在公寓中长期频繁使用而不易损坏。 【拓展】survival n. 生存；幸存；survivor n. 幸存者 【搭配】survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存；survive on little money 靠微薄收入度日 3. device n. 装置；仪器；设备 Many smart devices help us arrange our personal space more efficiently. 许多智能设备帮助我们更高效地整理个人空间。 【搭配】electronic device 电子设备；labour-saving device 省力器具 4. decrease v.&n.（使）减少，减小，降低 Regularly tidying rooms can decrease the stress caused by messy stuff. 定期整理房间能减少杂乱物品带来的压力。 【拓展】increase v.&n. 增加（反义词） 【搭配】decrease by 下降了；decrease to 下降至；a sharp decrease 大幅减少 5. suffer v.（因疾病、痛苦、压力等）受苦，受难，受折磨 People who never organize their space often suffer from anxiety. 从不整理个人空间的人常常饱受焦虑困扰。 【拓展】suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 【搭配】suffer from stress/illness 承受压力 / 患病；suffer losses 遭受损失 6. recommend v. 推荐；建议 Experts recommend arranging your apartment with simple and warm decorations. 专家建议用简约温馨的饰品布置公寓。 【拓展】recommendation n. 推荐；建议 【搭配】recommend doing sth 建议做某事；recommend sb sth 向某人推荐某物 7. prefer v. 较喜欢；喜欢…… 多于…… Most teenagers prefer a narrow but bright bedroom with soft curtains. 大多数青少年更喜欢狭小但明亮、配有柔和窗帘的卧室。 【拓展】preference n. 偏爱；偏好 【搭配】prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A；prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 8. responsibility n. 职责；义务；责任 It is every adult’s responsibility to keep their living space clean and tidy. 保持居住空间整洁是每个成年人的责任。 【拓展】responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的 【搭配】take responsibility for 承担…… 责任；a sense of responsibility 责任感 9. arrange v. 整理；排列；布置；安排 She spends every weekend arranging posters and curtains in her apartment. 她每周末都会整理公寓里的海报与窗帘。 【拓展】arrangement n. 布置；安排 【搭配】arrange furniture 摆放家具；arrange a meeting 安排会面 10. aim n. 目的；目标 v. 旨在；瞄准 The main aim of this experiment is to test the function of new software. 这个实验的主要目的是测试新款软件的功能。 【搭配】achieve one’s aim 实现目标；aim to do sth 旨在做某事 11. data n. 数据；资料；材料 We gather a large amount of data about people’s habits of using digital devices. 我们收集大量人们使用数码设备习惯的数据。 【搭配】collect data 收集数据；analyse data 分析数据 12. experiment n. 实验；试验 v. 做实验 We will carry out an experiment to test how the new device works. 我们将做实验来测试这款新设备的运作方式。 【拓展】experimental adj. 实验性的 【搭配】carry out an experiment 做实验；science experiment 科学实验 13. gather v. 搜集，收集；聚集 We gather useful brochures and posters to decorate our personal space. 我们收集实用手册与海报来装点私人空间。 【拓展】gathering n. 集会；聚集 【搭配】gather information 搜集信息；gather together 聚集在一起 14. technique n. 技术；技能；技巧 He learned useful storage techniques to save space in his small apartment. 他学到实用收纳技巧，节省小公寓的空间。 【拓展】technical adj. 技术的；工艺的 【搭配】practical technique 实用技巧；learning techniques 学习方法 15. occasion n. 特别的事情；仪式；场合 We hang colourful posters on special occasions to warm up our living space. 每逢特殊场合，我们会张贴彩色海报让居所更温馨。 【搭配】on this occasion 在这次场合；special occasions 特殊庆典 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： The 1940 house “There were many times when I thought,” I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’. But then I’d stop and say, ‘Hang on. In the 1940s, women didn’t say they couldn’t do it. They just got on with it. ’”These are the words of 50-year-old Lyn Hymers, who took part in an experiment called The 1940s House. The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of surviving in the 1940s. 参考译文： 有很多次我想，“我做不到。”我是一个21世纪的女人。我不是每天工作18个小时。但我会停下来说，‘等等。在20世纪40年代，女性并没有说她们不能这样做。他们就这么干了。这是50岁的琳恩·海莫斯说的话，她参加了一项名为“1940年代的房子”的实验。实验的目的是看一个现代家庭是否有能力在20世纪40年代生存下来。 In March, Lyn, her husband Michael, her daughter and two grandsons arrived at a three-bedroomed house in south London. Unfortunately, when they opened the door, all 21st century labour-saving devices immediately disappeared. There was no central heating or fridge in the house, but luckily they had a coal fire to keep them warm. 参考译文： 今年3月，琳恩和她的丈夫迈克尔、女儿以及两个外孙来到伦敦南部一所有三间卧室的房子里。不幸的是，当他们打开大门时，所有21世纪的省力设备立刻消失了。房子里没有中央暖气或冰箱，但幸运的是，他们有一堆煤火来取暖。 But food and warmth were not as important as safety—their first task was to quickly dig a hole in the garden. The family needed to have a place to take cover: World War II started in 1939, and German planes were regularly dropping bombs over London. Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible. 参考译文： 但是食物和温暖并不像安全那么重要——他们的第一个任务是在花园里迅速挖一个洞。这个家庭需要一个隐蔽的地方:1939年第二次世界大战开始了，德国飞机经常在伦敦上空投下炸弹。虽然战争对Hymers来说并不真实，但他们在洞里呆了很长时间。他们希望这个实验看起来尽可能真实。 The war wasn’t real, but the difficulties of everyday life were. In the 1940s, there was rationing of goods such as food and petrol. There wasn’t much meat or milk, or many eggs, and the food was really boring. As a result, the family were often hungry, especially the children. Before the experiment, the children often had snacks, but now they ate dry sandwiches for lunch. 参考译文： 战争是不真实的，但日常生活的困难是真实的。20世纪40年代，食品和汽油等商品实行定量配给。没有多少肉和牛奶，也没有很多鸡蛋，而且食物真的很无聊。结果，家里经常挨饿，尤其是孩子们。实验前，孩子们经常吃零食，但现在他们午餐吃干三明治。 Domestic chores were a challenge too. In the 1940s, these chores were like a full-time job. While Michael went out to work, Lyn and her daughter spent most of their time preparing meals, doing the dishes and cleaning the floor. Things that Lyn did easily before, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. “We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,” said Lyn. 参考译文： 家务琐事也是个挑战。在20世纪40年代，这些家务就像是一份全职工作。当迈克尔出去工作时，琳恩和她的女儿大部分时间都在做饭、洗碗和擦地板。以前琳很容易做到的事情，现在变得异常困难。她最想念她的洗衣机。林恩说:“我们不得不把衣服煮了，天气不好的时候，什么都不可能烘干。” Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work. In the evenings they played board games with the children, read books or just talked. Life in the 1940s wasn’t easy, but an easier and more comfortable life doesn’t necessarily mean a better life. “I would happily go back there,” she says, “I loved that house where we all laughed and cried together as a family. 参考译文： 如今，林恩回到了她的现代开放式住宅，但令人惊讶的是，她怀念上世纪40年代的房子。她觉得，家庭变得更亲密了，因为他们帮助分担了辛苦的工作。晚上，他们和孩子们玩棋盘游戏，读书或者只是聊天。20世纪40年代的生活并不容易，但更轻松、更舒适的生活并不一定意味着更好的生活。“我会很高兴地回到那里，”她说，“我喜欢那座房子，在那里我们一家人一起欢笑，一起哭泣 二、课文研习： 重难句式及解析 1. “There were many times when I thought, ‘I can’t do this. I am a 21st century woman. I don’t work eighteen-hour days’.” 解析：这是一个包含定语从句的复合句。“when I thought...” 是定语从句，修饰先行词 “many times”，表示 “我有很多次这样想”。直接引语的使用生动展现了人物的内心矛盾，通过现代女性视角与 1940 年代女性的对比，突出实验中的心理冲突。 2.“The purpose of the experiment was to see if a modern-day family would be capable of surviving in the 1940s.” 解析：句中 “to see if...” 为动词不定式作表语，“if” 引导宾语从句，表达实验的目的。“be capable of” 是固定搭配，意为 “有能力做某事”，该句式清晰阐述了实验的核心目标，即验证现代家庭在过去时代的生存能力。 3.“Although the war wasn’t real for the Hymers, they spent a lot of time down in the hole. They wanted the experiment to seem as real as possible.” 解析：前句是让步状语从句，“Although” 引导的从句与主句形成转折，强调尽管战争是模拟的，但他们仍认真对待。后句中 “as real as possible” 是比较状语结构，体现他们对实验真实性的追求，两句通过逻辑衔接展现实验的严谨性。 4.“Things that Lyn did easily before, now became terribly difficult. She missed her washing machine most of all. ‘We had to boil the clothes and when the weather wasn’t good, it was impossible to dry anything,’ said Lyn.” 解析：首句中 “that Lyn did easily before” 是定语从句，修饰 “Things”，突出过去与现在的对比。直接引语部分包含时间状语从句 “when the weather wasn’t good”，通过具体生活细节（煮衣服、晾衣服困难），具象化展现 1940 年代家务的繁琐，增强文本的画面感。 5.“Today, Lyn is back in her modern, open-plan home, but surprisingly, she misses the 1940s house. The family grew closer, she feels, because they helpfully shared the hard work.” 解析：前句通过 “but” 形成转折，打破读者对现代生活的预期；后句中 “she feels” 作为插入语，强调主观感受，“because” 引导原因状语从句，解释 “家庭关系更紧密” 的原因。该组句子通过逻辑转折和因果关系，升华了实验的意义 —— 物质舒适与精神联结的对比。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 要求：根据首字母及中文提示写出完整单词 1. Everyone is c__________（有能力的）of creating a comfortable personal living space. 2. This small smart d__________（设备）can help us control the lights in the apartment. 3. Many old daily objects s__________（幸存）and become unique decorations at home. 4. Tidy habits can d__________（减少）the waste of room storage space greatly. 5. People who keep messy rooms often s__________（受折磨）from bad moods. 6. Designers r__________（推荐）simple curtains for narrow bedrooms. 7. I p__________（更喜欢）a quiet study area full of books rather than a fancy living room. 8. Sharing housework is every family member’s r__________（责任）. 9. She spends hours every day a__________（整理）her posters and personal stuff. 10. The main a__________（目标）of the experiment is to test new storage tools. 11. The researchers collect plenty of d__________（数据）about teenagers’ room styles. 12. We will do an e__________（实验）to compare different labour-saving devices. 13. We g__________（收集）beautiful brochures to stick on the wall as decorations. 14. The video teaches practical storage t__________（技巧）for small apartments. 15. We put up warm posters on special o__________（场合）to cheer up the space. 二、完成句子 用所给单词的适当形式填空 intends company escape stuff arrange store file recommend load definite capable 1. The ____________has overspent on marketing. 这个公司在市场推广方面开支过多。 2. I could____________to meet with you any day next week. 我可以安排在下周的任何一天和你见一面。 3. I selected a ____________and pressed the delete key. 我选定了一份文件，然后按下了删除键。 4. Joseph is the right man for the job. You should ____________him. 约瑟夫是这份工作的合适人选。你该推荐他。 5. We didn't have any____________proof. 我们没有任何确凿的证据。 6. Carrying more than a light ____________on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. 自行车上携带超额负载会使自行车更难以控制。 7. Be very careful with this____________, it can be dangerous if it isn't handled properly. 对这东西要小心，处理得不好可能会发生危险。 8. He ____________to get rid of the tipping practice. 他打算取消给小费的做法。 9. Two police officers had a narrow ____________when rioters attacked their vehicles. 暴徒们攻击他们的车辆时，两名警官死里逃生。 10. You are____________of better work than this. 你有能力做得比这更好。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $