Unit 3 Family matters重点单词变形，语法，短语，知识点复习题-2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦“Family matters”单元核心词汇语法，构建“基础变形-语法应用-语篇综合”三阶训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词变形|23题|词性转换（名/动/形/副）|从词根词缀出发，构建“动词-名词-形容词”词性派生链| |单句语法填空|25题|时态/主谓一致/词性转换|衔接单词变形，在语境中应用语法规则，强化语法知识迁移| |单词拼写|15题|动词/名词拼写|巩固核心词汇记忆，为语篇应用奠基| |完成句子|10题|短语/句型补全|聚焦固定搭配，提升语言表达准确性| |语法填空阅读|2篇|语篇语法综合|整合词汇语法，在真实语境中考查综合运用能力|

Unit 3 Family matters 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．lawyer n．律师→ n．法律 2．assume v．假定，假设，认为→ n．假设，认为 3．respect v．& n．尊敬，敬重→ adj.值得尊敬的；人格高尚的 4．ignore v．忽视，不理→ n．无知，愚昧 5．professional adj.职业的，专业的→ n．职业，专业 6．suit v．适合 n．西服；套装→ adj.适合的；适宜的 7．talent n．天赋，才能→ adj.有天赋的 8．option n．选择，可选择的东西→ adj.可选择的 9．regularly adv.经常→ adj.经常的；有规律的 10．responsible adj.负有责任的，应承担责任的→ n．责任 11．memory n．记忆，回忆→ v．记住，背熟；记忆 12．nation n．国家→ adj.国家的 13．observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)→ n．观察；观测 14．aim v．力求达到→ adj.无目的的→ adv.无目的地 15．apologise v．道歉→ n．道歉 16．strength n．强烈程度→ v．加强 17．admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕→ adj.令人钦佩的→ n．钦佩，羡慕 18．judge v．判断，认为→ n．判断力 19．settle v．和解，结束(争论)→ n．殖民者→ n．解决 20．powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→ n．权力；能力 21．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地→ adj.明显的，显而易见的 22．entire adj.全部的，整个的→ adv.全部地，整个地 23．positive adj.好的，积极的→ adv.积极地 一、单句语法填空 1．The profound friendship between the two neighboring nations (stretch) back to the days when their ancestors lived and worked side by side. 2．In the afternoon, I (head) to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. 3．Nowadays the temple as well as its surrounding gardens (belong) to a local family. 4．In fact, sometimes authors (involve) in the film adaptation process and may even be the screenwriter. 5．Neither the president of the student union nor the three vice-presidents (be) willing to take full responsibility for the failed orientation week during the last meeting. 6．The robot (have) a flexible, humanlike spine and artificial joints that allow it to move like a human model. 7．The term “Wen Fang” refers to a reading room where intellectuals could enjoy a peaceful moment alone to gain cultural accumulations and to meditate. The space was (typical) decorated with fine stationery.   8．The number of applicants (rise) greatly over the past three years. 9．Virtually, everyone (have) this experience: After a long, hard day, you lie in bed at night but just can’t fall asleep. 10．The list of students who have won awards in the competition (announce) on the school website so far. 11．Charles-Emmanuel Dewees, co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, (compare) cross-border literature spreading to a “multiplayer instance” in online games. 12．The father was so proud to introduce his son to a (profession) athlete. 13．Cultural exchange programs create (power) connections that bridge understanding between people from different backgrounds. 14．He (bend) down and picked up a book from the floor. 15．The new school (make) use of Tsinghua’s strengths, highlighting AI’s role in education and research. 16．I am in pretty good shape. This is because I exercise quite (regular). 17．Artisans continue to preserve this delicate tradition, ensuring that this magical integration of cooking skill and artistic interpretation, where common ingredients are elevated into poetic expressions of daily life and ancient dreams, (continue) to inspire future generations. 18．The exhibition, which opened on Tuesday at the China Museum of Natural History in Beijing, welcomes visitors to explore these stories, displaying an amazing collection that (map) the journey from Earth’s chaotic origins to the dawn of human civilization and beyond. 19．However, those who score higher in conscientiousness (尽责) sometimes show varying behavior, which (indicate) that being organized and dutiful doesn’t necessarily lead to more volunteer hours or larger donations. 20．Wang Minghua, 80, (attend) senior university courses for a decade, studying cooking, exploring travel, and focusing on health at Shanghai University for the Senior. 21．With uncertainty in the cultural and creative industries and job prospects being reshaped by AI, many (turn) to practical, hands-on skills. 22．Over the past few years, a fascinating cultural phenomenon (emerge) across China: a growing number of foreign tourists are enthusiastically embracing traditional Chinese clothing like Hanfu. 23． (obvious), the teacher is very satisfied with their performance. 24．Knowing your (strong) and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams. 25．He is a (responsibility) person who always keeps his promises. 二、单词拼写 26．We take exercise ________ (有规律地) to build up our strength. 27．The second case suggested that people ________(吸收) this disease into their bodies with their meals. 28．It is said that he narrowly ________ (逃脱)being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 29．He _____ (生存) on milk and bread. 30．She ________(低语) to me that she felt very afraid. 31．He later __________(道歉) for his behavior. 32．The two men ________ (跳) into the jeep and roared off. 33．His reading is of a very wide __________(范围). 34．She __________(消耗）most of her time in watching TV. 35．With Christmas ___________ (接近)，children got more and more excited. 36．We haven’t really ___________  (计算) the cost of the vacation yet. 37．As is well-known, a white pigeon _________________(象征) peace. 38．Thomas Edison __________________(发明) many useful things. 39．The space agency will _____________ (发射) a new rocket into orbit next Tuesday morning. 40．He __________ (假装) to be studying when his father stepped into his room. 三、完成句子 41．她很谦虚，从不在同学面前炫耀自己的成绩。 She is modest and never ________________ her grades in front of her classmates. 42．而在海边，海浪的轰鸣与海鸟的啼鸣，共同构成了海岸的乐章。 And by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds ________________ the music of the coast. 43．事实胜于雄辩。 Actions ________ ________ ________ words. 44．当你身处逆境时，你会遇到面临相似挑战的人。 When you go through hard times, you meet others who are ______________________. 45．With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer ________ ________ ________ ________. 有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍。 46． He ______________ on shaky legs. 他用颤抖的双腿站起来。 47．Now, we scientists ________ ________ ________ ________ that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 48．随着压力增加，越来越多的青少年发现入睡很困难。 ________________, more and more teenagers ________________. 49．我们已经苦苦挣扎了好几天，但情况却每况愈下。 We ________________ for days ________________. 50．Before taking part in the military training, the young man ________ ________ all his hair to show his determination. 在参加军训前，这位年轻人剃光了头发，以表明自己的决心。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jogging along the river path with my dad every weekend has taught me the true spirit of sports. Mrs Zhang, our PE teacher, often says persistence is one of the 51 (essential). I’ve rarely skipped these runs since last autumn, even when the wind bit sharply. One morning, I tripped over a stone and fell, 52 (injure) my knee. Feeling embarrassed, I wanted to quit, but Dad didn’t put me on the spot. He knelt down, cleaned my wound gently, and 53 a whisper, “Pain is part of growing — let’s take it slow.” His 54 (gentle) gave me strength to stand up. That day made me more enthusiastic, pushing myself to run a little 55 (far) each time. My mom 56 used to be a middle-distance runner, hopes I’ll follow in her footsteps, but she’s always 57 (appreciate) of my efforts, no matter what an outcome. Over the past six months, we 58 (participate) in three community races. I’ve learned that sports are about more than speed — the joy that comes from shared struggle is what makes it precious. When I finished my first 5K last Sunday, 59 moment that I’ll remember forever, seeing Dad wave and cheer made me crack a smile. Every painful muscle and early wake-up call proved we deserved the joy 60 (earn) step by step, as a blessing. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 You absolutely can’t take my mum anywhere without her directing a 15-minute photoshoot. If you think that means she enjoys 61 (be) behind the camera, you’re wrong. Mum is the ever present subject and star of her happy snaps (快照), while friends and family serve 62 supporting characters. Dad, meanwhile, 63 (sit) next to a bush, trying to get 64 best angle of Mum gazing into the distance. Mum’s love for recording family outings used   65 (trouble) me as a kid. She always wanted photos in the most unimportant settings. Who wants to remember a trip to a small place? But as I’ve gotten older, I’ve realized the error of my ways. Just as my mum says, if you don’t capture your best angles 66 (regular), people will forget how hot you were. I love flipping through our family albums and admiring photos of Mum next to rose   67 (bush) or standing against a tree. I love seeing her share photos from a family lunch or trip to the shopping centre on Facebook, and the way all her friends instantly rush over to tell her 68 beautiful she still is. So far, I 69 (see) her do the same on her friends’ photos. Most of all, I love that she has extensive proof of the regular, non-eventful life scenes 70 no one else thinks to capture. We often forget to appreciate those times. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Family matters 重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习 (知识点全覆盖) 单词变形 1．lawyer n．律师→law n．法律 2．assume v．假定，假设，认为→assumption n．假设，认为 3．respect v．& n．尊敬，敬重→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；人格高尚的 4．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorance n．无知，愚昧 5．professional adj.职业的，专业的→profession n．职业，专业 6．suit v．适合 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.适合的；适宜的 7．talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.有天赋的 8．option n．选择，可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的 9．regularly adv.经常→regular adj.经常的；有规律的 10．responsible adj.负有责任的，应承担责任的→responsibility n．责任 11．memory n．记忆，回忆→memorize v．记住，背熟；记忆 12．nation n．国家→national adj.国家的 13．observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)→observation n．观察；观测 14．aim v．力求达到→aimless adj.无目的的→aimlessly adv.无目的地 15．apologise v．道歉→apology n．道歉 16．strength n．强烈程度→strengthen v．加强 17．admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩，羡慕 18．judge v．判断，认为→judg(e)ment n．判断力 19．settle v．和解，结束(争论)→settler n．殖民者→settlement n．解决 20．powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→power n．权力；能力 21．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地→obvious adj.明显的，显而易见的 22．entire adj.全部的，整个的→entirely adv.全部地，整个地 23．positive adj.好的，积极的→positively adv.积极地 一、单句语法填空 1．The profound friendship between the two neighboring nations (stretch) back to the days when their ancestors lived and worked side by side. 【答案】stretches 【详解】句意：两国深厚的睦邻友谊可追溯到先民并肩劳作生活的年代。主语friendship为单数名词，句子阐述客观事实，用一般现在时；stretch back to为固定短语，意为“追溯到……”，stretch的三单形式为stretches。 2．In the afternoon, I (head) to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. 【答案】headed 【详解】句意：下午，我前往当地一家展示加利福尼亚历史变迁的博物馆。head(前往)作主句谓语，与主语I之间是主动关系，根据句意和从句时态，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态headed。 3．Nowadays the temple as well as its surrounding gardens (belong) to a local family. 【答案】belongs 【详解】句意：现在该寺庙和它周围的花园都属于一个当地家庭。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，as well as连接并列名词作主语时，遵循就远原则，the temple是第三人称单数，谓语belong用单数形式belongs。 4．In fact, sometimes authors (involve) in the film adaptation process and may even be the screenwriter. 【答案】are involved 【详解】句意：事实上，有时作者会参与电影改编的过程，甚至可能会担任编剧。be involved in“参与”是固定搭配，根据sometimes可知，此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。 5．Neither the president of the student union nor the three vice-presidents (be) willing to take full responsibility for the failed orientation week during the last meeting. 【答案】were 【详解】句意：在上次会议中，学生会主席和三位副主席都不愿为迎新周活动的失败承担全部责任。此空考查主谓一致与时态，neither...nor...遵循就近原则，靠近谓语的主语the three vice-presidents为复数；再根据时间状语during the last meeting可知，此处应用一般过去时，所以应填were。 6．The robot (have) a flexible, humanlike spine and artificial joints that allow it to move like a human model. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：这个机器人拥有灵活的人形脊柱和人造关节，使其能够像人类模型一样进行移动。根据后文allow可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为robot，谓语用第三人称单数形式has。 7．The term “Wen Fang” refers to a reading room where intellectuals could enjoy a peaceful moment alone to gain cultural accumulations and to meditate. The space was (typical) decorated with fine stationery.   【答案】typically 【详解】句意：“文房”指的是知识分子可以独自享受宁静时光、进行文化积累与沉思的书房，这个空间通常摆放着精致的文房用具。提示词修饰谓语动词was decorated，用副词typically作状语，意为“一般，通常”。 8．The number of applicants (rise) greatly over the past three years. 【答案】has risen 【详解】句意：在过去三年里，申请者的数量大幅增加。rise(增加)作谓语，根据时间状语“over the past three years”可知，讲述过去持续到现在的情况，应用现在完成时态，“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式has risen。 9．Virtually, everyone (have) this experience: After a long, hard day, you lie in bed at night but just can’t fall asleep. 【答案】has 【详解】句意：几乎每个人都有过这种经历：劳累一天后夜里躺在床上却无法入睡。句子陈述客观常态用一般现在时，主语everyone为不定代词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。 10．The list of students who have won awards in the competition (announce) on the school website so far. 【答案】has been announced 【详解】句意：到目前为止，在比赛中获奖的学生名单已经公布在学校网站上了。根据“so far”可知，此处表示从过去某一时刻开始持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时；且主语The list of students who have won awards in the competition与动词announce之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。主语中心词为the list，助动词用 has。 11．Charles-Emmanuel Dewees, co-founder and editor-in-chief of Chireads, a French platform for translating and promoting Chinese online literature, (compare) cross-border literature spreading to a “multiplayer instance” in online games. 【答案】compared 【详解】句意：法国网络文学翻译推广平台Chireads的联合创始人兼主编夏尔-埃马纽埃尔・德韦斯表示，他将跨境文学传播比作网络游戏中的“多人副本”。此处需要一个动词形式作谓语，句子陈述过去发生的动作，结合语境用一般过去时。 12．The father was so proud to introduce his son to a (profession) athlete. 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位父亲非常自豪地将他的儿子介绍给了一位职业运动员。空格处用形容词professional作定语，修饰名词athlete，professional意为“职业的”。故填professional。 13．Cultural exchange programs create (power) connections that bridge understanding between people from different backgrounds. 【答案】powerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：文化交流项目创造了强有力的联系，这种联系架起了不同背景的人们之间相互理解的桥梁。空处作定语修饰名词connections，需用形容词powerful 。故填powerful。 14．He (bend) down and picked up a book from the floor. 【答案】bent 【详解】考查时态。句意：他弯下腰，从地板上捡起一本书。动词短语bend down(弯腰)作并列谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时态，bend的过去式是bent。故填bent。 15．The new school (make) use of Tsinghua’s strengths, highlighting AI’s role in education and research. 【答案】will make 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这所新学校将利用清华大学的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。空处作谓语，结合“The new school”可知，句子主要描述一所新学校未来的定位或计划，时态宜用一般将来时，谓语用will do的形式。故填will make。 16．I am in pretty good shape. This is because I exercise quite (regular). 【答案】regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我的身体状况相当不错。这是因为我经常进行锻炼。此处修饰动词exercise，应用副词regularly“经常地”，作状语。故填regularly。 17．Artisans continue to preserve this delicate tradition, ensuring that this magical integration of cooking skill and artistic interpretation, where common ingredients are elevated into poetic expressions of daily life and ancient dreams, (continue) to inspire future generations. 【答案】will continue 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：工匠们继续传承这一精巧的传统，确保这门融合烹饪技艺与艺术诠释的神奇艺术——将普通食材升华为日常生活与古老梦想的诗意表达——能继续激励后代。此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合“future generations”可知，用一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will continue。故填will continue。 18．The exhibition, which opened on Tuesday at the China Museum of Natural History in Beijing, welcomes visitors to explore these stories, displaying an amazing collection that (map) the journey from Earth’s chaotic origins to the dawn of human civilization and beyond. 【答案】maps 【详解】考查时态。句意：该展览于周二在北京市的中国自然历史博物馆开幕，欢迎游客前来探寻这些故事，展览展示了令人惊叹的藏品，展现了从地球的混沌起源到人类文明的开端以及更远的历程。全文为一般现在时，定语从句的先行词是an amazing collection(单数概念)，从句谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填maps。 19．However, those who score higher in conscientiousness (尽责) sometimes show varying behavior, which (indicate) that being organized and dutiful doesn’t necessarily lead to more volunteer hours or larger donations. 【答案】indicates 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，那些尽责性得分较高的人有时会表现出不同的行为，这表明有条理和负责任并不一定导致更多的志愿服务时间或更大数额的捐款。此处为非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，先行词为前面整个句子，描述客观研究发现，应用一般现在时；关系词which指代单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填indicates。 20．Wang Minghua, 80, (attend) senior university courses for a decade, studying cooking, exploring travel, and focusing on health at Shanghai University for the Senior. 【答案】has been attending/has attended 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：80岁的王明华已在上海老年大学学习十年，期间修习烹饪课程、探索旅游知识，同时专注健康养生相关内容。此处为句子谓语，根据时间状语for a decade可知，句子可以用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，强调对现在的影响;也可以用现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，且可能还会继续下去，主语为Wang Minghua，助动词用has。故填has been attending/has attended。 21．With uncertainty in the cultural and creative industries and job prospects being reshaped by AI, many (turn) to practical, hands-on skills. 【答案】are turning 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于文化和创意产业存在不确定性，且人工智能正在重塑就业前景，许多人开始注重培养实用的、实践性的技能。空处为句子的谓语动词。表示当前正在发生的变化用现在进行时，主语为many，谓语用复数。故填are turning。 22．Over the past few years, a fascinating cultural phenomenon (emerge) across China: a growing number of foreign tourists are enthusiastically embracing traditional Chinese clothing like Hanfu. 【答案】has emerged 【详解】考查时态。句意：过去几年，中国出现了一种迷人的文化现象：越来越多的外国游客热情地拥抱汉服等中国传统服装。此空考查谓语动词，主语a fascinating cultural phenomenon与emerge为主动关系；根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，这里强调动作发生在过去并持续到现在，应用现在完成时态，且主语是单数名词。故填has emerged。 23． (obvious), the teacher is very satisfied with their performance. 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，老师对他们的表现非常满意。此空应是副词obviously“显然地，明显地”，作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词，首字母应大写。故填Obviously。 24．Knowing your (strong) and weaknesses will help you achieve your dreams. 【答案】strengths 【详解】考查名词。句意：了解自己的优缺点，会有助于你实现梦想。空处作动词know的宾语，提示词的名词strength“优点，长处”符合题意，为可数名词，结合下文weaknesses可知，strength应用复数形式。故填strengths。 25．He is a (responsibility) person who always keeps his promises. 【答案】responsible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个负责任的人，总是信守诺言。本空修饰名词person，用形容词responsible“负责的”，作前置定语。故填responsible。 二、单词拼写 26．We take exercise ________ (有规律地) to build up our strength. 【答案】regularly 【详解】句意：我们经常锻炼以增强体力。修饰动词短语take exercise，副词regularly“有规律地，经常地”符合题意，作状语。 27．The second case suggested that people ________(吸收) this disease into their bodies with their meals. 【答案】absorbed 【详解】考查时态。句意：第二个病例表明，人们在吃饭时将这种疾病吸入到体内。此处的suggest表示“表明”，从句不用虚拟语气，时态与suggested保持一致，用一般过去时，故填absorbed。 28．It is said that he narrowly ________ (逃脱)being killed in the traffic accident the other day. 【答案】escaped 【详解】句意：据说他在几天前的那场交通事故中死里逃生。空处作从句谓语，表示“逃脱”用动词escape，由时间状语the other day可判断出是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。 29．He _____ (生存) on milk and bread. 【答案】exists 【详解】exists     考查动词形式。句意：他以牛奶面包为生。此处表示一般事实用现在时，和主语一致用第三人称单数，故填exists. 30．She ________(低语) to me that she felt very afraid. 【答案】whispered 【详解】whispered 考查动词时态。句意：她小声告诉我她很害怕。根据所给动词时态felt可知用过去时，故填whispered。 31．He later __________(道歉) for his behavior. 【答案】apologized 【详解】句意：他后来为自己的行为道歉。later表明事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填apologized。 32．The two men ________ (跳) into the jeep and roared off. 【答案】leaped/leapt 【详解】句意：那两个人跳上吉普车，呼啸而去。作谓语，根据上下文语境可知，此处应用一般过去时态，“跳”为动词leap，填过去式leaped/leapt。 33．His reading is of a very wide __________(范围). 【答案】range 【详解】考查名词。名词range（范围），该词在本句中做介词of的宾语。句意：他阅读的范围很广。故填range。 34．She __________(消耗）most of her time in watching TV. 【答案】consumed 【详解】考查动词。动词consume（消费，消耗）；该词在句中做谓语动词。句意：她把大量的时间消耗在看电视上了。故填consumed。 35．With Christmas ___________ (接近)，children got more and more excited. 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：随着圣诞节的临近，孩子们越来越兴奋。approach和前面的名词Christmas是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词，所以填approaching。 36．We haven’t really ___________  (计算) the cost of the vacation yet. 【答案】calculated 【详解】句意：我们还没有真正计算出度假的费用。结合句意可知句子用现在完成时，故答案为calculated。 37．As is well-known, a white pigeon _________________(象征) peace. 【答案】represents 【详解】句意：众所周知，一只白色的鸽子象征着和平。表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。主语a white pigeon是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数，填represents。 38．Thomas Edison __________________(发明) many useful things. 【答案】invented 【详解】考查时态。句意：爱迪生发明了很多有用的东西。爱迪生的创造发明是过去发生的事情，要使用一般过去时，所以填过去式invented。 39．The space agency will _____________ (发射) a new rocket into orbit next Tuesday morning. 【答案】launch 【详解】句意：航天机构将于下周二上午将一枚新火箭发射入轨道。本空用动词原形与will构成一般将来时；根据汉语提示，动词launch符合题意。 40．He __________ (假装) to be studying when his father stepped into his room. 【答案】pretended 【详解】句意：当他父亲走进房间时，他假装正在学习。表示“假装”，应用动词“pretend”，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时“pretended”。 三、完成句子 41．她很谦虚，从不在同学面前炫耀自己的成绩。 She is modest and never ________________ her grades in front of her classmates. 【答案】shows off 【详解】根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“炫耀”使用动词短语show off，句子描述习惯性动作，应用一般现在时，主语是she，show使用第三人称单数形式。 42．而在海边，海浪的轰鸣与海鸟的啼鸣，共同构成了海岸的乐章。 And by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds ________________ the music of the coast. 【答案】make up 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“构成”，可用动词短语make up，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数，make保持原形。 43．事实胜于雄辩。 Actions ________ ________ ________ words. 【答案】 speak louder than 【详解】表示“胜于……”可用speak louder than，这是一个英语谚语 “Actions speak louder than words.”，英语经典谚语，使用一般现在时表示普遍真理或客观事实，主语Actions为复数，因此谓语动词用原形。 44．当你身处逆境时，你会遇到面临相似挑战的人。 When you go through hard times, you meet others who are ______________________. 【答案】facing similar challenges 【详解】通过对比可知，空格处表达“面临相似挑战的”，“面临”用face，“相似挑战”用similar challenges，由who are可知，时态是现在进行时，因此空格处是facing similar challenges。 45．With all sorts of communication software, physical distance no longer ________ ________ ________ ________. 有了各种通信软件，现实距离已不再是阻碍。 【答案】 gets in the way 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“阻碍”，get in the way为固定短语，意为“妨碍，挡道”，该动词短语在句中作谓语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为physical distance，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 46． He ______________ on shaky legs. 他用颤抖的双腿站起来。 【答案】rose to his feet 【详解】根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动词短语rise to one’s feet“站起来”，符合语境，one’s对应相应代词his；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。 47．Now, we scientists ________ ________ ________ ________ that it is perfectly possible to live and not know. 现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有可能的。 【答案】 take it for granted 【详解】根据句意，第一空至第四空表示“理所当然地认为”，对应固定短语take it for granted，其中take为谓语动词，it作形式宾语，for granted为介词短语；结合句意及时间状语Now和从句的谓语动词“is”可知，此处使用一般现在时态，主语为复数，谓语动词take使用原形。 48．随着压力增加，越来越多的青少年发现入睡很困难。 ________________, more and more teenagers ________________. 【答案】 With pressure increasing/As pressure increases find it difficult to fall asleep 【详解】“随着压力增加”用with的复合结构with pressure increasing，或as引导的状语从句as pressure increases；“发现入睡很困难用”find it difficult to fall asleep，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。 49．我们已经苦苦挣扎了好几天，但情况却每况愈下。 We ________________ for days ________________. 【答案】 have been struggling but the situation is getting worse and worse 【详解】第一空表示“苦苦挣扎”，结合语境及时间状语for days可知，此处使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，主语为we，所以谓语动词为have been struggling；第二空表示“但是情况每况愈下”，使用连词but衔接语句，表示“形势”为the situation作主语，表示“每况愈下”为get worse and worse，后半句体现事态持续变差，所以使用现在进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is getting worse。 50．Before taking part in the military training, the young man ________ ________ all his hair to show his determination. 在参加军训前，这位年轻人剃光了头发，以表明自己的决心。 【答案】 shaved off 【详解】根据句意，此处表示“剃光”用固定短语shave off，动作发生在过去，谓语动词用过去式shaved。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jogging along the river path with my dad every weekend has taught me the true spirit of sports. Mrs Zhang, our PE teacher, often says persistence is one of the 51 (essential). I’ve rarely skipped these runs since last autumn, even when the wind bit sharply. One morning, I tripped over a stone and fell, 52 (injure) my knee. Feeling embarrassed, I wanted to quit, but Dad didn’t put me on the spot. He knelt down, cleaned my wound gently, and 53 a whisper, “Pain is part of growing — let’s take it slow.” His 54 (gentle) gave me strength to stand up. That day made me more enthusiastic, pushing myself to run a little 55 (far) each time. My mom 56 used to be a middle-distance runner, hopes I’ll follow in her footsteps, but she’s always 57 (appreciate) of my efforts, no matter what an outcome. Over the past six months, we 58 (participate) in three community races. I’ve learned that sports are about more than speed — the joy that comes from shared struggle is what makes it precious. When I finished my first 5K last Sunday, 59 moment that I’ll remember forever, seeing Dad wave and cheer made me crack a smile. Every painful muscle and early wake-up call proved we deserved the joy 60 (earn) step by step, as a blessing. 【答案】 51．essentials 52．injuring 53．in 54．gentleness 55．farther/further 56．who/that 57． appreciative 58． have participated 59．a 60．earned 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和父亲每周沿河慢跑，在坚持、受伤、鼓励中体会到运动真谛，收获成长与快乐的故事。 【详解】51．考查名词复数。句意：我们的体育老师张老师常说，坚持是最重要的品质之一。根据“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，essential此处为名词，意为“必需品”，复数形式是essentials。故填essentials。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，我被石头绊倒摔伤了膝盖。句子已有谓语fell，injure与主语I是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填injuring。 53．考查介词。句意：他跪下来，轻轻清理我的伤口，低声说：“疼痛是成长的一部分——我们慢慢来。”in a whisper是固定搭配，意为“低声地；小声地”。故填in。 54．考查名词。句意：他的温柔给了我站起来的力量。形容词性物主代词His后接名词，gentle的名词形式是gentleness。故填gentleness。 55．考查副词比较级。句意：那天让我更有热情，督促自己每次都跑得更远一点。a little修饰比较级，far的比较级是farther/further。故填farther/further。 56．考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈曾经是一名中长跑运动员，希望我能追随她的脚步，但她总是欣赏我的努力，无论结果如何。先行词是My mom，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 57．考查形容词。句意：我妈妈曾经是一名中长跑运动员，希望我能追随她的脚步，但她总是欣赏我的努力，无论结果如何。be appreciative of是固定搭配，意为：“感激；欣赏”。故填appreciative。 58．考查动词时态。句意：过去六个月里，我们参加了三次社区比赛。“Over the past six months”是现在完成时标志，主语we用have participated。故填have participated。 59．考查冠词。句意：上周日我完成了我的第一个5公里，那是一个我将永远铭记的时刻。moment是可数名词，表泛指，发音以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块酸痛的肌肉和每一次早起都证明，我们配得上一步一步挣来的快乐。句子已有谓语deserved，joy与earn是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填earned。 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 You absolutely can’t take my mum anywhere without her directing a 15-minute photoshoot. If you think that means she enjoys 61 (be) behind the camera, you’re wrong. Mum is the ever present subject and star of her happy snaps (快照), while friends and family serve 62 supporting characters. Dad, meanwhile, 63 (sit) next to a bush, trying to get 64 best angle of Mum gazing into the distance. Mum’s love for recording family outings used   65 (trouble) me as a kid. She always wanted photos in the most unimportant settings. Who wants to remember a trip to a small place? But as I’ve gotten older, I’ve realized the error of my ways. Just as my mum says, if you don’t capture your best angles 66 (regular), people will forget how hot you were. I love flipping through our family albums and admiring photos of Mum next to rose   67 (bush) or standing against a tree. I love seeing her share photos from a family lunch or trip to the shopping centre on Facebook, and the way all her friends instantly rush over to tell her 68 beautiful she still is. So far, I 69 (see) her do the same on her friends’ photos. Most of all, I love that she has extensive proof of the regular, non-eventful life scenes 70 no one else thinks to capture. We often forget to appreciate those times. 【答案】 61．being 62．as 63．sits 64．the 65．to trouble 66．regularly 67．bushes 68．how 69．have seen 70．that/which 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者妈妈外出总热衷拍照留念，儿时作者对此颇为不解。长大后渐渐理解这份心意，翻看满是生活点滴的相册倍感温暖，这些平凡日常瞬间都是珍贵的回忆。 【详解】61．考查动名词。句意：如果你认为这意味着她喜欢站在相机后面，那你就错了。此处为固定搭配enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”，用动名词形式being作宾语。 62．考查固定短语。句意：妈妈永远是她那些快乐照片中的主角和焦点人物，而朋友和家人则充当着配角的角色。此处为固定短语 serve as 意为“充当、担任”，符合 “朋友和家人充当配角”的语境。 63．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：而爸爸则坐在一棵灌木旁，试图找到拍摄妈妈凝视远方的最佳角度。全文描述妈妈拍照的日常习惯，用一般现在时；主语Dad是第三人称单数，因此谓语动词用sits。 64．考查冠词。句意：而爸爸则坐在一棵灌木旁，试图找到拍摄妈妈凝视远方的最佳角度。形容词最高级best前必须加定冠词the，表示“最好的角度”。 65．考查动词不定式。句意：小时候，我曾因妈妈总是想要在最不重要的场景中留下照片而感到烦恼。此处为固定搭配used to do sth. 表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了）”，因此填动词不定式to trouble。 66．考查副词。句意：正如我妈妈所说，如果你不定期捕捉到自己最好的角度，人们就会忘记你曾经是多么迷人。空格处修饰动词capture，需用副词形式，regular的副词是regularly。 67．考查名词复数形式。句意：我喜欢翻看我们的家庭相册，欣赏那些 60 张妈妈站在玫瑰丛旁或倚靠在树旁的照片。bush是可数名词，此处泛指多丛玫瑰，没有冠词限定，因此用复数形式 bushes。 68．考查感叹句。句意：我喜欢看到她在脸书上分享家庭聚餐或去购物中心的照片，以及朋友们立刻冲过来告诉她她依然如此美丽的场景。此处为感叹句结构 how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语，此处修饰形容词beautiful，因此用how。 69．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我也看到她在朋友的照片中也这样做过。此处为谓语动词，时间状语so far是现在完成时的标志，主语为I，因此填have seen。 70．考查定语从句。句意：最重要的是，我喜欢的是她能够捕捉到那些平凡、平淡却无人留意的生活场景，并且有详尽的证据证明这一点。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是life scenes，指物，且在从句中作capture的宾语，因此关系代词用that或which均可。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $