Unit 3 Family Matters 语法时态总结讲解与练习-2026-2027学年外研版英语必修第一册(新高一)新课预习

Unit3Family Matters时态总结讲解与练习 四大基础时态综合辨析 一、单元四大核心时态精讲（课文原句适配） （一）一般现在时 Present Simple 1. 基本构成 肯定：主语 + do/does（三单） 否定：主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形？ 2. 核心用法（单元语境专属） ① 表示经常性、习惯性动作/日常状态（家庭日常、生活习惯） ② 表示客观事实、普遍真理、人物固有性格特征 ③ 表示现阶段固定状态、家庭关系、固有特点 3. 标志词 often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, never, seldom, once a week 4. 课文适配例句 He loves playing football. 他热爱踢足球。（固有爱好） My parents work hard every day. 我父母每天努力工作。（日常习惯） （二）一般过去时 Past Simple 1. 基本构成 肯定：主语 + 动词过去式 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形？ 2. 核心用法 ① 过去特定时间发生的动作/存在的状态（有明确过去时间） ② 过去习惯性、经常性动作（现已终止） ③ 过去的想法、话语、经历（成长往事、家庭回忆） 3. 标志词 yesterday, last year, just now, ...ago, in the past, at that time, once 4. 课文适配例句 When you were his age, you said you wanted to be a player. 你在他这个年纪时，说过想成为一名运动员。 During his middle school years, he played football every day. 他中学时期每天踢足球。 （三）现在进行时 Present Continuous 1. 基本构成 am/is/are + doing（现在分词） 2. 核心用法（单元高频拓展） ① 此时此刻正在进行的动作 ② 现阶段正在进行（此刻不一定在做）的动作 ③ 表示计划、安排好的将来动作（位移动词：go/come/leave/start） ④ 带感情色彩（赞扬/抱怨）：always + doing A.表赞扬、夸奖 My mum is always thinking of our whole family. 我妈妈总时时刻刻为我们一家人着想。（夸赞妈妈贴心） He is always helping his parents with housework. 他总是主动帮父母做家务。（夸奖懂事） B.表抱怨、不满、厌烦 My brother is always arguing with my parents. 我弟弟老是跟父母吵架。（不满、吐槽） You are always forgetting to communicate with your family. 你总是忘了和家人沟通。（埋怨） 3. 标志词 now, right now, at present, these days, look!, listen! 4. 例句 He is practicing football these days. 这些天他一直在练习足球。 My sister is leaving for school tomorrow. 我妹妹明天要去上学。（计划将来） （四）现在完成时 Present Perfect（单元重难点、考试最高频） 1. 基本构成 have/has + done（过去分词） 2. 核心用法（必考2大场景） ① 已完成：动作过去发生，对现在造成影响/结果，不强调过去具体时间 ② 延续性：动作从过去开始，持续到现在（可延续动词） 3. 标志词（做题秒杀词） already, yet, ever, never, just, so far, up to now, recently, in the past few years, for+时间段, since+时间点 4. 课文适配例句 I have learned a lot from my family. 我从家人身上学到了很多。 （过去动作影响现在） He has lived here for 15 years. 他在这里住了15年。（动作延续至今） 二、单元易混时态终极辨析（高分关键） 1. 一般过去时 VS 现在完成时（最易错题） 一般过去时：有明确过去时间，只讲过去，和现在无关 例：I studied English last year.（只说明去年的事，现在无关） 现在完成时：无具体过去时间，强调对现在的影响/延续至今 例：I have studied English for 5 years.（学到现在，仍在学） 2. 一般现在时 VS 现在进行时 一般现在时：长期习惯、永久状态 ·I walk to school every weekday. 我每个工作日走路去上学。（长期固定习惯） ·Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. 水在 100 摄氏度沸腾。（客观不变事实） 现在进行时：现阶段临时状态、近期动作 · I am taking the bus to school this week. 这周我坐公交上学。（近期临时安排） · Look! The students are having an English class. 看！同学们正在上英语课。 （此刻正在发生） 【巩固练习】 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. My brother usually __________ (practise) football after school. 2. I __________ (learn) English for nearly six years. 3. Look! My parents __________ (chat) with our neighbour in the yard. 4. I __________ (visit) my grandparents last weekend. 5. My sister __________ (not finish) her homework yet. 6. Honesty __________ (be) always important in our family. 7. These days, I __________ (try) to improve my relationship with my parents. 8. He __________ (live) in this small town since he was born. 9. When I was a child, I __________ (spend) every holiday with my family. 10. My father always __________ (encourage) me to stick to my dreams. 11. We __________ (not see) each other for a long time. 12. Listen! Someone __________ (play) the piano in the next room. 13. She __________ (give) me a meaningful book on my 16th birthday. 14. My brother __________ (study) hard for the coming exam these days. 15. Water __________ (boil) at 100 degrees Celsius. 16. I __________ (just finish) reading a book about family education. 17. They __________ (move) to this community three years ago. 18. My mother __________ (cook) dinner for us every evening. 19. He __________ (never) argue with his parents before. 20. Right now, we __________ (discuss) our family travel plan. 21. So far, I __________ (make) great progress in my study. 22. In the past, my father __________ (work) in a foreign company. 23. My cousin __________ (be) interested in sports since primary school. 24. We usually __________ (have) a family meeting on Sunday nights. 25. She __________ (lose) her key just now, so she can’t enter the room. 26. Nowadays, many teenagers __________ (pay) more attention to their personal hobbies. 27. I __________ (know) him since we entered senior high school. 28. The old man __________ (tell) us many family stories when we visited him. 29. My sister __________ (not like) staying up late, it’s her long-term habit. 30. Up to now, our family __________ (keep) a good living habit. 二、单项选择 1. — Where is your father? — He __________ the supermarket. He will be back soon. A. went B. has gone C. goes D. is going 2. I __________ in this city since I was ten years old. A. lived B. live C. have lived D. am living 3. My uncle __________ in Beijing last year, but now he works in Shanghai. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. is working 4. Look! The whole family __________ happily in the living room. A. talk B. talked C. are talking D. have talked 5. My mother often __________ me not to waste time on meaningless things. A. tell B. tells C. told D. has told 6. We __________ any interesting family activities recently. A. didn’t have B. don’t have C. haven’t had D. aren’t having 7. He __________ football every weekend, so he is good at it. A. plays B. played C. has played D. is playing 8. I __________ my homework yet, so I can’t watch TV. A. didn’t finish B. don’t finish C. won’t finish D. haven’t finished 9. They __________ a big family dinner yesterday evening. A. have B. had C. have had D. are having 10. These days, my brother __________ how to communicate with parents. A. learns B. learned C. is learning D. has learned 11. The sun __________ from the east every day. A. rises B. rose C. has risen D. is rising 12. — How long __________ you __________ your best friend? — For over five years. A. do; know B. did; know C. have; known D. are; knowing 13. She __________ a new bike as her birthday gift last month. A. buys B. bought C. has bought D. is buying 14. Now more and more teenagers __________ with their parents patiently. A. communicate B. communicated C. have communicated D. are communicating 15. He __________ in this school for two years, and he loves it here. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. is studying 16. When I was young, I __________ afraid of speaking in public. A. am B. was C. have been D. had been 17. My family __________ for a trip tomorrow morning. A. leave B. left C. are leaving D. have left 18. We __________ many warm family memories during the past few years. A. collect B. collected C. have collected D. are collecting 19. Usually my father __________ up early to exercise every morning. A. get B. gets C. got D. has got 20. Listen! Your sister __________ a beautiful song in her bedroom. A. sings B. sang C. has sung D. is singing 三、句子翻译 1. 我的父母每天努力工作，为我创造更好的生活。 __________________________________________________ 2. 从五岁起，我就一直和爷爷奶奶一起生活。 __________________________________________________ 3. 看！我的家人正在院子里打扫卫生。 __________________________________________________ 4. 去年暑假，我和家人一起去了海边旅行。 __________________________________________________ 5. 迄今为止，我从家人身上学到了很多宝贵的品质。 __________________________________________________ 6. 我的姐姐总是鼓励我勇敢面对困难。 __________________________________________________ 7. 这些天，我正在学习如何更好地与父母沟通。 __________________________________________________ 8. 我还没有完成今天的家庭作业。 __________________________________________________ 9. 小时候，我经常和弟弟一起玩耍。 __________________________________________________ 10. 良好的家庭氛围对我们的成长很重要。 __________________________________________________ 11. 我的爸爸已经在这家公司工作十年了。 __________________________________________________ 12. 刚才，妈妈告诉我不要轻易放弃。 __________________________________________________ 13. 现在越来越多的青少年懂得体谅自己的父母。 __________________________________________________ 14. 我们家每周日晚上都会举行家庭会议。 __________________________________________________ 15. 这次家庭经历让我变得更加懂事和感恩。 __________________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给词的正确形式填空答案+解析 1. practises（一般现在时，usually表长期习惯，三单变形） 2. have learned/learnt（现在完成时，for+时间段，动作延续至今） 3. are chatting（现在进行时，Look! 此刻正在发生的动作） 4. visited（一般过去时，last weekend为明确过去时间） 5. hasn’t finished（现在完成时，yet为否定句标志，表未完成） 6. is（一般现在时，客观真理、永恒状态） 7. am trying（现在进行时，These days表现阶段持续动作） 8. has lived（现在完成时，since+时间点，延续性动作） 9. spent（一般过去时，When I was a child 过去时间状语） 10. encourages（一般现在时，always表习惯性动作，三单） 11. haven’t seen（现在完成时，for a long time 延续至今） 12. is playing（现在进行时，Listen! 提示此刻动作） 13. gave（一般过去时，on my 16th birthday 过去具体时间） 14. is studying（现在进行时，these days 现阶段临时状态） 15. boils（一般现在时，客观科学真理） 16. have just finished（现在完成时，just表刚刚完成，对现在有影响） 17. moved（一般过去时，three years ago 明确过去时间） 18. cooks（一般现在时，every evening 日常习惯） 19. has never argued（现在完成时，never表从未发生） 20. are discussing（现在进行时，Right now 此时此刻） 21. have made（现在完成时，So far 迄今为止，影响现在） 22. worked（一般过去时，In the past 单纯描述过去经历） 23. has been（现在完成时，since+时间段，状态延续） 24. have（一般现在时，usually 长期家庭习惯） 25. lost（一般过去时，just now 刚才，过去动作） 26. are paying（现在进行时，Nowadays 现阶段普遍现象） 27. have known（现在完成时，since+从句，延续至今） 28. told（一般过去时，visited 提示整体场景为过去） 29. doesn’t like（一般现在时，长期个人习惯、状态） 30. has kept（现在完成时，Up to now 迄今为止） 二、单项选择答案 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.C 19.B 20.D 三、句子翻译参考答案 1. My parents work hard every day to create a better life for me. 2. I have lived with my grandparents since I was five years old. 3. Look! My family are cleaning the yard. 4. I travelled to the seaside with my family last summer holiday. 5. So far, I have learned many valuable qualities from my family. 6. My elder sister always encourages me to face difficulties bravely. 7. These days, I am learning how to communicate better with my parents. 8. I haven’t finished today’s homework yet. 9. I often played with my younger brother when I was a child. 10. A good family atmosphere is very important for our growth. 11. My father has worked in this company for ten years. 12. Just now, my mother told me not to give up easily. 13. Nowadays, more and more teenagers are learning to understand their parents. 14. Our family has a family meeting every Sunday evening. 15. This family experience has made me more sensible and grateful. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $