专题09 短语搭配词汇 → 【 得分锚点·词组包】（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦短语搭配核心考点，覆盖阅读类场景词组、完形逻辑词组与固定搭配、写作+语法填空功能性得分词组三大模块，按9个细分知识点系统梳理，结合考情分析构建“词组-语境-题型”三维框架，通过考点精讲、方法指导、真题训练帮助学生突破同义替换、逻辑辨析等难点。 讲义创新采用场景化分类与逻辑分层教学，如将阅读词组按校园学术、社会人文、科技生态场景归类培养文化意识，完形逻辑词组通过语义正负判定法提升思维品质。设置高频词组速记、易错点警示、分层真题演练等环节，确保学生高效掌握69%笔试占比的短语考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供精准指导。

专题09 短语搭配词汇 → 【 得分锚点·词组包】 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 阅读类场景词组速记与词义辨析（基础核心·笔试总分占比69%） 知识解构 知识点1 校园学术阅读场景（阅读/七选五最高频，年均考查占比29%） 知识点2 社会人文生活场景（完形基础必考，年均考查占比21%） 知识点3 科技生态科普场景（拔高拉分题型，年均考查占比19%） 考向破译 考向1 阅读同义替换考向（细节题满分核心） 考向2 语境熟词僻义辨析考向（推理题拉分关键） 考点二 完形填空逻辑词组与固定搭配（区分度核心·笔试总分占比18%） 知识解构 知识点1 转折/让步逻辑词组（完形每年必考，年均出现12+组） 知识点2 因果/递进逻辑词组（高频易混陷阱，年均出现10+组） 知识点3 动词+介词固定搭配词组（完形填空填空空核心，年均15空） 考向破译 考向1 逻辑词组语境筛选考向（完形正确率保底·附2024-2026真题） 考向2 易混动词短语辨析考向（完形难题拉分点·附2024-2026真题） 考点三 写作+语法填空功能性得分词组（提分增值项·笔试总分占比13%） 知识解构 知识点1 应用文衔接过渡词组（书信/通知万能加分词块） 知识点2 读后续写动作情绪词组（续写高分专属描写词组） 知识点3 语法填空介词固定搭配词组（填空空稳定得分锚点） 考向破译 考向1 语法填空固定介词搭配考向（语法填空满分保障·附2024-2026真题） 考向2 写作高级替换词组升级考向（书面表达提分核心·附2024-2026真题） 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 阅读场景核心词组 全卷共11处；侧重科技环保、研学学术新兴场景，同义替换为主要命题形式，推理题僻义词组增多 全卷共10处；人文传统文化+校园场景结合，基础同义替换为主 全卷共12处；校园、生活经典场景为主，词义直白，陷阱较少 完形逻辑词组搭配 完形20空中共7空；侧重复杂长难句逻辑判断，转折、让步易混词组集中设坑 完形20空中共6空；因果、递进基础逻辑搭配为主，干扰项区分度中等 完形20空中共5空；基础简单逻辑词组，语境线索明显，难度偏低 动词短语辨析（完形） 共5道辨析空；同一基础动词衍生多短语对比，熟词新意叠加考查 共4道辨析空；同类语义短语对比，陷阱灵活性提升 共3道辨析空；基础高频短语单一考查，无多层语境干扰 语法填空介词固定词组 共5空；抽象名词、形容词 固定介词搭配，长难句嵌套搭配增多 共4空；基础动词、名词 介词搭配为主，句式简单 共4空；课本基础固定搭配，无复杂变形嵌套 写作功能性词组 应用文+续写共8组高分词组考点；侧重高级替换、情绪动作描写词组 应用文+续写共7组；基础过渡词组为主，少量高级表达 应用文+续写共6组；基础简单衔接词，无精细化描写词组考查 考情分析 1.题型分层考查特征 阅读理解（含七选五）：核心考查场景词组、同义替换、熟词僻义，占笔试短语考查总量近70%，是基础得分盘；细节题直接依靠词组匹配定位答案，推理题依托僻义词组判断作者态度。 完形填空：核心考查逻辑词组、动词短语辨析，是区分中等生与优等生关键，每篇完形至少5组易混短语设置干扰选项。 语法填空：稳定考查介词固定搭配词组，每卷4-5空，属于机械记忆类保底得分点，无复杂推理。 书面表达（应用文+读后续写）：考查功能性、描写性词组，属于增值提分项，高级词组直接决定作文档次。 2.整体命题趋势 基础简单词组考查占比逐年下降，同义替换、语境辨析、长难句嵌套搭配、高级写作词块占比持续上升；不出现超纲单词，但侧重基础词汇组合后的词组新意，弱化孤立单词背诵，强化词块整体语境运用；命题素材贴合新课标素养，覆盖学术科普、传统文化、青年成长、社会实践四大主题。 复习目标 1.系统掌握三大考点共9个细分知识点，每个知识点吃透50组高频词组，覆盖阅读、完形、语法填空、写作全笔试题型，做到见词组知语境、知搭配、知同义替换。 2.攻克完形易混动词短语、阅读熟词僻义词组两大失分难点，能依托上下文快速区分语义相近词组，避开命题陷阱。 3.熟记语法填空全部必考介词固定搭配，实现该类填空零失分；积累足量写作高级词组，替换基础简单词汇，提升书面表达档次。 4.建立“词组-语境-题型”三维记忆体系，摒弃孤立背单词，适配高考“词块化、语境化”命题导向。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 阅读类场景词组速记与词义辨析 知●识●解●构 知识点1 校园学术阅读场景 01 pursue further study 固定搭配：pursue further study (in+具体学科) 深造（某学科）；pursue one’s studies 求学深造 易错点：pursue为及物动词，后直接接宾语，不搭配介词for；切勿误用pursue to do sth.；区分pursue（主动追求深造）与follow（跟随学习） 例句：To improve their professional competence, numerous college graduates choose to pursue further study abroad. 同义词：continue one’s academic studies / advance one’s education 02 broaden one’s horizons 固定搭配：broaden/widen/expand one’s horizons 开阔眼界、拓宽视野 易错点：horizon表“眼界、认知视野”时**必须用复数horizons**，单数仅表示地理意义上的“地平线”，属于高考高频易错点 例句：Wide reading and outdoor practice can effectively broaden our horizons and enrich our life experience. 同义词：widen one’s outlook / expand one’s vision 03 carry out research 固定搭配：carry out/conduct/do research (on/into+研究领域) 开展（某领域）研究 易错点：research为不可数名词，无复数形式；carry out表“实施、开展”，不可替换为carry on（意为“继续进行”） 例句：Many scientific teams are carrying out research on new environmental protection technologies. 同义词：conduct academic research / undertake scientific research 04 conduct an experiment 固定搭配：conduct/perform an experiment (on sth.) （就某物）开展实验；do an experiment 做实验 易错点：conduct为正式书面学术用词，适配高考写作与阅读语境；make an experiment为不规范口语表达，书面语境禁用 例句：Students are required to conduct an experiment and record accurate experimental data carefully. 同义词：perform a scientific experiment / carry out an experiment 05 collect relevant data 固定搭配：collect/gather/accumulate relevant/related data 收集相关数据 易错点：relevant为形容词，直接修饰名词，不搭配介词to；data为集合名词，单复数同形，无常规复数变形 例句：The research team spent two months collecting relevant data for their academic report. 同义词：gather related statistics / accumulate relevant information 06 analyze statistics 固定搭配：analyze/analyse statistical data/statistics 分析统计数据 易错点：analyze为美式拼写，analyse为英式拼写，高考均可使用；statistics表“统计数据”**必须用复数**，单数指“统计学” 例句：We need to analyze statistics scientifically to draw an objective conclusion. 同义词：examine statistical data / evaluate numerical statistics 07 draw a conclusion 固定搭配：draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion (from sth.) 从……得出结论 易错点：conclusion为可数名词，前面必须加不定冠词a；无make a conclusion的错误搭配，属于固定搭配高频陷阱 例句：After analyzing all experimental data, we finally draw a reasonable and accurate conclusion. 同义词：reach a final conclusion / arrive at a scientific conclusion 08 submit an essay 固定搭配：submit/present an essay/paper (to sb./institution) 向……提交论文 易错点：submit为正式及物动词，直接接宾语，不搭配for；过去式、过去分词为submitted，需双写末尾字母t 例句：All senior students must submit an academic essay before the end of the semester. 同义词：hand in a paper / present a written essay 09 hand in assignment 固定搭配：hand in/turn in one’s assignments/homework 上交作业 易错点：固定短语无被动形式，主动形式表被动含义；区分易混短语：hand in（上交）、hand out（分发）、hand over（移交） 例句：Students should hand in their assignments on time to develop good learning habits. 同义词：turn in schoolwork / submit daily assignments 10 meet the deadline 固定搭配：meet/make/beat the deadline 赶上截止日期、如期完成 易错点：固定动词搭配仅用meet/make/beat，不可用finish/complete；deadline前常规搭配定冠词the 例句：She stayed up late to polish her paper so as to meet the strict deadline. 同义词：finish tasks before the due time / beat the submission deadline 11 skip classes 固定搭配：skip/cut classes/school 逃课、旷课 易错点：skip自带贬义，特指学生无故故意缺课；无skip the class的冗余搭配，泛指课程直接用复数classes 例句：Teachers strictly warn students not to skip classes without valid reasons. 同义词：cut school classes / play truant from school 12 sign up for courses 固定搭配：sign up for/register for/enroll in courses 选课、报名课程 易错点：固定搭配介词**必须用for**，不可用to/in；区分易混词组：sign up for（报名）、sign in（签到）、sign out（签退） 例句：Freshmen can sign up for optional courses according to their personal interests. 同义词：register for optional classes / enroll in selective courses 13 drop out of school 固定搭配：drop out of school/college 辍学、退学；drop out of the competition 退出竞赛 易错点：必须搭配介词of，完整固定搭配为drop out of；drop out可单独使用表“退出、放弃” 例句：Some poor students have to drop out of school due to heavy economic pressure. 同义词：quit school prematurely / leave school ahead of schedule 14 gain academic achievement 固定搭配：gain/achieve/attain academic achievements 取得学业成就 易错点：必须用academic修饰学业成果，不可用school替换；achievement表多项成就多用复数，单数指单项成果 例句：Persistent hard work enables students to gain outstanding academic achievement. 同义词：attain scholarly success / acquire academic accomplishments 15 face academic pressure 固定搭配：face academic pressure/be faced with academic stress 面对学业压力 易错点：face为主动语态，表“主动直面压力”；be faced with为被动状态，二者语境用法不可混用 例句：Most high school students face heavy academic pressure during the review period. 同义词：confront study stress / be faced with learning pressure 16 relieve study stress 固定搭配：relieve/reduce/alleviate study stress/academic pressure 缓解学习压力 易错点：relieve侧重“减轻负面压力、缓解困境”，不可用release（释放情绪）替换；stress为抽象不可数名词 例句：Proper physical exercise can effectively relieve study stress and relax our mind. 同义词：ease academic tension / alleviate learning pressure 17 participate in seminar 固定搭配：participate in/attend/take part in a seminar 参加学术研讨会 易错点：participate为不及物动词，**必须搭配介词in**；seminar为可数名词，单数需加不定冠词a 例句：Many professional scholars participate in the seminar to exchange academic ideas. 同义词：attend an academic forum / take part in a scholarly seminar 18 exchange academic views 固定搭配：exchange/share academic views/opinions/ideas (with sb.) （与某人）交流学术观点 易错点：exchange后多接复数名词，表双向相互交流；固定搭配exchange sth. with sb.，不可省略介词 例句：Scholars from different universities exchange academic views at the annual meeting. 同义词：share scholarly opinions / swap academic thoughts 19 consult professors 固定搭配：consult professors/teachers/tutors (about sth.) （就某事）咨询教授/老师 易错点：consult为及物动词，直接接人作宾语，**不搭配with**；consult with sb. 为正式“商议、磋商”，语境不同 例句：When encountering academic difficulties, we can consult professional professors actively. 同义词：seek guidance from tutors / ask professors for academic advice 20 take notes in detail 固定搭配：take/write down notes in detail 详细记笔记 易错点：note表笔记**必须用复数notes**；in detail为固定副词短语，作后置状语，不可前置 例句：It is a beneficial learning habit to take notes in detail in every class. 同义词：write down detailed notes / keep elaborate class records 21 review textbooks 固定搭配：review/go over/revise textbooks 复习课本、温习教材 易错点：review特指“课后复盘复习”，与preview（课前预习）互为反义；textbook泛指教材多用复数 例句：Students need to review textbooks systematically before final examinations. 同义词：go over teaching materials / revise academic textbooks 22 preview lessons 固定搭配：preview new lessons/courses 预习课程、预习新课 易错点：preview为学业专用动词，无特殊变形；严格区分preview（预习）与review（复习），避免语义混淆 例句：Previewing lessons in advance greatly improves classroom learning efficiency. 同义词：prepare for new classes / go through upcoming lessons 23 pass the exam with distinction 固定搭配：pass the exam with distinction 优异成绩通过考试 易错点：distinction此处专指“学业优异、优等成绩”，不可译为“区别、差别”；固定搭配介词为with 例句：She spared no effort to study and finally passed the college entrance exam with distinction. 同义词：excel in the examination / pass the test with excellent grades 24 fail the examination 固定搭配：fail the exam/examination 考试失利、挂科 易错点：fail为及物动词，直接接考试名词，**无需加介词in**；fail in doing sth. 为“做某事失败”，用法不同 例句：He failed the examination because he lacked daily systematic review. 同义词：flunk the test / be unsuccessful in the examination 25 make up an exam 固定搭配：make up an exam/take a makeup exam 补考、参加补考 易错点：make up此处表“弥补、补做未完成事项”，无make up for an exam的搭配；被动形式为be made up 例句：Students who fail the final exam will have a chance to make up an exam next week. 同义词：sit for a supplementary exam / take a remedial test 26 win scholarship 固定搭配：win/obtain/gain a scholarship 获得奖学金 易错点：scholarship为可数名词，单数形式**必须加不定冠词a**；区分scholarship（奖学金）与scholar（学者、学生） 例句：Excellent students with good grades and conduct can win an official school scholarship. 同义词：acquire an academic grant / obtain a study scholarship 27 apply for financial aid 固定搭配：apply for financial aid/student grants 申请助学金、申请经济援助 易错点：固定搭配区分：apply for+事物（申请某物）、apply to+人/机构（向某人/机构申请），不可混用 例句：Students from poor families can apply for financial aid from the school’s student office. 同义词：seek economic assistance / apply for student financial support 28 library resource 固定搭配：make full use of library resources 利用图书馆资源 易错点：resource表各类资源**必须用复数resources**；library直接作定语修饰名词，无需所有格library’s 例句：We should make full use of library resources to enrich our academic knowledge. 同义词：library materials and facilities / academic library resources 29 borrow reference books 固定搭配：borrow/check out reference books/academic books 借阅参考书 易错点：borrow为短暂性动词，不可与时间段连用；区分易混词：borrow（借入）、lend（借出）、keep（持有） 例句：Students often borrow reference books to finish their academic papers and reports. 同义词：check out academic reference books / borrow professional books 30 search academic journals 固定搭配：search academic journals for information 查阅学术期刊（找资料） 易错点：search直接接搜索范围；search for接搜索目标，二者搭配不可混淆；journal特指专业学术期刊 例句：Researchers constantly search academic journals for the latest research achievements. 同义词：consult scholarly periodicals / look up academic journals 31 online learning platform 固定搭配：use/utilize an online learning platform 使用线上学习平台 易错点：固定搭配为online learning platform，用动名词learning作定语，无study platform的规范表达 例句：The school has launched a new online learning platform to facilitate students' study. 同义词：web-based learning system / digital study platform 32 distance education 固定搭配：develop/promote distance education/learning 发展远程教育 易错点：正式学术术语，为不可数名词短语，无复数形式；区分distance（远程的）与distant（遥远的） 例句：Distance education plays an indispensable role in modern educational development. 同义词：remote online education / web-based teaching 33 group discussion 固定搭配：have/conduct/take part in a group discussion 开展/参与小组讨论 易错点：可数名词短语，单数需加不定冠词a；泛指多次讨论常用复数group discussions 例句：Active group discussion helps cultivate students' cooperative thinking ability. 同义词：team collective discussion / collaborative group communication 34 cooperative learning 固定搭配：advocate/practice cooperative learning 倡导、践行合作学习 易错点：cooperative为形容词前置定语，注意拼写；属于教育固定术语，为不可数名词短语 例句：Cooperative learning is widely promoted in modern quality-oriented education. 同义词：collaborative study / group cooperative learning 35 independent thinking 固定搭配：cultivate/develop independent thinking 培养独立思考能力 易错点：必须用形容词independent修饰，不可误用名词independence作定语；固定学术搭配 例句：Teachers focus on cultivating students' independent thinking in daily teaching. 同义词：autonomous reasoning / independent analytical thinking 36 critical thinking 固定搭配：develop/train critical thinking 培养批判性思维 易错点：critical在此语境意为“批判性的、思辨的”，非常用含义“关键的、危急的”，熟词僻义为高考考点 例句：Critical thinking enables students to judge academic knowledge rationally. 同义词：analytical thinking / rational judgment thinking 37 develop learning strategies 固定搭配：develop/form/establish learning strategies 培养、制定学习策略 易错点：strategy为可数名词，泛指各类策略多用复数；develop侧重“逐步养成、系统培养” 例句：Students should develop suitable learning strategies according to their own learning situation. 同义词：form effective study methods / cultivate scientific learning tactics 38 form good learning habits 固定搭配：form/develop/cultivate good learning habits 养成良好学习习惯 易错点：habit泛指各类习惯**必须用复数habits**；固定搭配form habits，无make habits的错误表达 例句：Forming good learning habits is the key to steady academic progress. 同义词：cultivate fine study routines / develop beneficial learning habits 39 absorb new knowledge 固定搭配：absorb/take in/acquire new knowledge 吸收、习得新知识 易错点：absorb为及物动词，直接接宾语；多用于学术抽象语境，表“内化吸收知识” 例句：Young students have strong learning ability to absorb new knowledge quickly. 同义词：take in fresh academic knowledge / acquire new professional information 40 grasp key points 固定搭配：grasp/master/understand key points/core knowledge 掌握知识重点 易错点：grasp侧重“透彻理解、熟练掌握”，深度高于简单的know；key必须前置修饰名词 例句：Listening carefully in class helps us grasp key points efficiently. 同义词：master core academic knowledge / understand key learning essentials 41 overcome learning difficulties 固定搭配：overcome/get over/surmount learning difficulties 克服学习困难 易错点：difficulty表具体困难、难题时**用复数difficulties**；overcome为及物动词，后直接接宾语 例句：With perseverance and proper methods, we can overcome all learning difficulties. 同义词：surmount study obstacles / get over academic troubles 42 motivate oneself to study 固定搭配：motivate oneself to do sth. 激励自己做某事；motivate sb. to study 激励他人学习 易错点：motivate后必须接不定式to do；反身代词oneself需根据主语人称灵活变换 例句：We need to motivate ourselves to study hard and pursue academic progress. 同义词：inspire oneself to learn / encourage oneself to make progress 43 set learning goals 固定搭配：set/establish/form learning goals 设定学习目标 易错点：goal为可数名词，泛指目标多用复数；固定搭配set goals，无make goals的不规范用法 例句：Setting clear learning goals makes daily study more targeted and efficient. 同义词：set academic targets / establish personal learning objectives 44 achieve learning objectives 固定搭配：achieve/reach/accomplish learning objectives 达成学习目标 易错点：objective为正式学术用词，侧重“具体、可落地的目标”，比goal更书面化；及物动词直接搭配 例句：Scientific learning methods help students achieve learning objectives efficiently. 同义词：attain academic targets / accomplish preset study goals 45 after-school activity 固定搭配：take part in/participate in after-school activities 参加课外活动 易错点：合成形容词after-school固定前置作定语；activity泛指活动**必须用复数activities** 例句：Rich and colorful after-school activities enrich students' spare campus life. 同义词：extracurricular activities / out-of-class recreational activities 46 volunteer program 固定搭配：participate in/join volunteer programs 参与志愿研学项目 易错点：volunteer此处作形容词表“志愿的”，修饰名词；区分volunteer（志愿的）与voluntary（主动自愿的） 例句：Most students take part in school volunteer programs during summer and winter vacations. 同义词：public service projects / voluntary activity programs 47 field trip 固定搭配：go on/take a field trip 开展实地研学、实地考察 易错点：固定高频短语go on a field trip；专属校园研学、户外调研场景，为阅读高频词块 例句：The biology class will go on a field trip to observe local plant and animal species. 同义词：academic study tour / outdoor field research 48 academic exchange program 固定搭配：apply for/join academic exchange programs 参加学术交换项目 易错点：academic为固定前置定语，不可后置；exchange为名词作定语，无需变形 例句：Outstanding students can apply for international academic exchange programs. 同义词：scholarly exchange projects / cross-border academic programs 49 learning efficiency 固定搭配：improve/promote learning efficiency 提升学习效率 易错点：efficiency为不可数抽象名词；严格区分efficiency（效率）与effect（效果），不可混用 例句：Reasonable time arrangement can greatly improve our learning efficiency. 同义词：study productivity / academic learning effectiveness 50 academic performance 固定搭配：improve/promote academic performance 提升学业表现、提高成绩 易错点：performance表学业表现为抽象不可数名词；是校园学术场景核心固定搭配 例句：Daily accumulation and regular review are helpful to improve students' academic performance. 同义词：school academic achievements / scholarly learning performance 知识点2 社会人文生活场景 01 volunteer for community service 固定搭配：volunteer for community service 参与社区志愿服务；volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 易错点：volunteer作动词时为不及物动词，搭配介词for+活动；不可误用volunteer do sth.；volunteer无被动语态 例句：Many teenagers volunteer for community service during their summer vacations. 同义词：take part in community voluntary work / participate in community service 02 contribute to public welfare 固定搭配：contribute to public welfare 投身公益事业、助力公益；contribute sth. to sth. 为……捐献某物 易错点：contribute to中to为介词，后接名词/动名词；切勿与devote to混用，devote主语多为人，侧重“投入时间精力” 例句：Every citizen is supposed to contribute to public welfare and undertake social responsibilities. 同义词：devote oneself to public good / make contributions to public welfare 03 preserve traditional culture 固定搭配：preserve/protect traditional culture 保护并传承传统文化 易错点：preserve侧重“保护、留存（不流失）”，区别reserve（预订、保留）；culture表泛指文化为不可数名词 例句：It is our duty to preserve traditional culture and pass it down from generation to generation. 同义词：protect and inherit traditional culture / maintain traditional civilization 04 pass down folk customs 固定搭配：pass down folk customs 传承民俗、沿袭民风民俗；pass down sth. to sb. 将某物传承给某人 易错点：固定搭配介词用down，表世代传承；custom表“民俗、习俗”多用复数customs，单数指个人习惯 例句：Elders always pass down folk customs to young people to retain local characteristics. 同义词：inherit folk traditions / hand down local customs 05 cultural heritage 固定搭配：protect/protect cultural heritage 保护文化遗产；intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 易错点：heritage为不可数抽象名词，无复数形式；区分heritage（历史传承遗产）与inheritance（财产继承） 例句：Cultural heritage is the precious treasure left by our ancestors. 同义词：cultural legacy / historical and cultural treasures 06 historic site 固定搭配：visit/protect historic sites 游览/保护历史古迹 易错点：historic表“有历史意义的、古迹的”；区分historical（与历史有关的、史学的）；site多用复数sites 例句：The government has taken measures to protect local historic sites from damage. 同义词：historical relics / ancient scenic spots 07 folk art 固定搭配：traditional folk art 传统民间艺术；inherit folk art 传承民间艺术 易错点：folk作定语固定前置修饰名词，无folks art用法；art表艺术门类泛指多用复数arts 例句：Various kinds of folk art show the wisdom and creativity of ordinary people. 同义词：civilian art / local traditional art 08 cultural identity 固定搭配：strengthen cultural identity 增强文化认同感；establish cultural identity 树立文化认同 易错点：identity为抽象不可数名词；固定搭配cultural identity为固定学术词块，不可随意替换语序 例句：Learning traditional culture helps young people build strong cultural identity. 同义词：cultural recognition / sense of cultural belonging 09 bridge cultural gaps 固定搭配：bridge cultural gaps 消除文化隔阂、弥合文化差异 易错点：bridge此处为动词，表“弥补、消除”，熟词僻义；gap表差异、隔阂多用复数gaps 例句：Cultural exchange activities can effectively bridge cultural gaps between countries. 同义词：narrow cultural differences / eliminate cultural barriers 10 respect cultural diversity 固定搭配：respect/embrace cultural diversity 尊重文化多元、包容文化多样性 易错点：diversity为不可数名词；固定搭配cultural diversity，不可说different cultures 例句：We should respect cultural diversity and learn from different civilizations. 同义词：tolerate cultural differences / embrace diverse cultures 11 maintain social harmony 固定搭配：maintain/preserve social harmony 维护社会和谐、保持社会安定 易错点：maintain侧重“长期维持良好状态”，无make harmony搭配；harmony为抽象不可数名词 例句：Kind interpersonal relationships help maintain social harmony and stability. 同义词：keep social peace / preserve social stability and harmony 12 relieve poverty 固定搭配：relieve/alleviate poverty 脱贫、缓解贫困；relieve rural poverty 缓解乡村贫困 易错点：relieve此处表“缓解、减轻困境”，不接介词；poverty为抽象不可数名词，无复数 例句：The policy has helped many rural families relieve poverty and live a better life. 同义词：eliminate poverty / lift people out of poverty 13 improve living standards 固定搭配：improve/raise living standards 提升生活水平 易错点：standard表生活水平必须用复数standards；固定动词搭配用improve/raise，不用increase 例句：Economic development greatly helps improve people’s living standards. 同义词：upgrade living conditions / better people’s life quality 14 public facility 固定搭配：improve public facilities 完善公共设施 易错点：facility表各类公共设施**必须用复数facilities**，单数仅指单一设备，属于高频易错点 例句：The city government keeps improving public facilities to serve citizens better. 同义词：public infrastructure / municipal facilities 15 public transport 固定搭配：take public transport 乘坐公共交通；develop public transport 发展公共交通 易错点：transport为不可数名词（英式），美式常用transportation；无复数变形 例句：Choosing public transport is an effective way to reduce air pollution. 同义词：public transportation / mass transit 16 environmental protection 固定搭配：advocate environmental protection 倡导环境保护；strengthen environmental protection 加强环保 易错点：固定名词短语，无冠词修饰泛指概念；protect environment为动词短语，不可混用 例句：More and more people attach great importance to environmental protection nowadays. 同义词：ecological protection / protection of the environment 17 cut down carbon emission 固定搭配：cut down/reduce carbon emissions 减少碳排放 易错点：emission表排放物、排放量**常用复数emissions**；cut down后直接接名词，不加on 例句：Many countries are making efforts to cut down carbon emission to slow down global warming. 同义词：lower carbon output / reduce carbon discharge 18 sort garbage 固定搭配：sort garbage/waste 垃圾分类；guide residents to sort garbage 引导居民垃圾分类 易错点：garbage为不可数名词，无复数；sort此处为动词，表“分类”，勿混淆short（短缺） 例句：It is everyone’s duty to sort garbage in daily life. 同义词：classify waste / separate garbage 19 conserve natural resources 固定搭配：conserve/save natural resources 节约自然资源、保护自然资源 易错点：resource表资源**必须用复数resources**；conserve侧重“节约留存”，区别preserve（保护留存） 例句：We should conserve natural resources to achieve sustainable development. 同义词：protect natural resources / save ecological resources 20 wild animal protection 固定搭配：strengthen wild animal protection 加强野生动物保护 易错点：固定名词短语，animal此处多用复数；不可写作wild animals protection 例句：Strict laws are carried out for wild animal protection. 同义词：wildlife conservation / protection of wild creatures 21 urban construction 固定搭配：promote urban construction 推进城市建设；urban construction and development 城市建设与发展 易错点：urban为正式书面形容词，特指城市的，区别rural（乡村的）；construction不可数 例句：Scientific planning plays a key role in urban construction. 同义词：city development / municipal construction 22 rural development 固定搭配：boost rural development 助力乡村发展；rural revitalization and development 乡村振兴发展 易错点：rural为书面正式用词，无rurual拼写错误；development抽象名词不可数 例句：The government has invested a lot of money in rural development. 同义词：countryside development / rural economic growth 23 interpersonal communication 固定搭配：improve interpersonal communication 提升人际交往能力 易错点：interpersonal为复合形容词，仅作前置定语；communication抽象不可数名词 例句：Social activities help teenagers improve interpersonal communication skills. 同义词：interpersonal interaction / social communication 24 build trust with others 固定搭配：build/establish trust with others 与他人建立信任 易错点：trust为不可数名词；固定搭配trust with sb.，勿用trust to sb. 例句：Sincere communication helps us build trust with others easily. 同义词：establish mutual trust / set up faith with others 25 resolve conflicts peacefully 固定搭配：resolve/settle conflicts peacefully 和平化解矛盾、和平解决冲突 易错点：conflict表各类矛盾冲突多用复数；peacefully为副词后置修饰动词，不可前置 例句：We should learn to resolve conflicts peacefully instead of quarreling. 同义词：settle disputes calmly / solve contradictions peacefully 26 show sympathy for others 固定搭配：show/express sympathy for others 同情他人、体恤他人 易错点：固定介词搭配for，不可用to；sympathy不可数名词，无复数 例句：Kind people always show sympathy for others in trouble. 同义词：have pity on others / feel sorry for others 27 offer a helping hand 固定搭配：offer a helping hand to sb. 向某人伸出援手、助人为乐 易错点：固定固定谚语短语，hand必须用单数；helping为动名词作定语，不可用help 例句：We should offer a helping hand to people who are in difficulty. 同义词：give assistance to others / lend a hand to sb. 28 hold positive attitudes 固定搭配：hold/adopt positive attitudes towards life 对生活保持积极心态 易错点：attitude表心态、态度多用复数；固定搭配towards/to sth. 对……的态度 例句：Facing difficulties, we should hold positive attitudes and never give up. 同义词：keep an optimistic mindset / maintain positive spirits 29 deal with pressure properly 固定搭配：deal with/cope with pressure properly 合理应对压力 易错点：deal with侧重“处理应对”，do with侧重“处置物品”；properly副词修饰动作 例句：Learning to deal with pressure properly is an important life skill. 同义词：manage pressure reasonably / cope with stress correctly 30 maintain mental health 固定搭配：maintain/protect mental health 保持心理健康、守护心理状态 易错点：mental health为固定学术搭配，不可说mind health；health不可数名词 例句：Regular exercise and good rest help us maintain mental health. 同义词：preserve psychological health / keep a healthy mind 31 physical exercise 固定搭配：take/do physical exercise 进行体育锻炼 易错点：exercise表体育运动为不可数名词；表一套动作、习题为可数，语境需区分 例句：Doing proper physical exercise can strengthen our body. 同义词：sports exercise / bodily activity 32 balanced diet 固定搭配：keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食 易错点：balanced为形容词“均衡的”，不可用balance；diet可数名词，单数加a 例句：A balanced diet is essential for physical health and growth. 同义词：healthy diet / well-proportioned diet 33 regular schedule 固定搭配：keep a regular schedule 保持规律作息 易错点：schedule可数名词，固定搭配a regular schedule；regular表规律的、定时的 例句：Sticking to a regular schedule can improve physical immunity. 同义词：routine life / regular daily routine 34 avoid bad habits 固定搭配：avoid/get rid of bad habits 摒弃坏习惯、戒除陋习 易错点：habit表各类习惯多用复数；avoid后接名词/动名词，不接不定式 例句：Teenagers should avoid bad habits and develop good living habits. 同义词：eliminate bad behaviors / abandon bad routines 35 public safety 固定搭配：guarantee public safety 保障公共安全；maintain public safety 维护公共安全 易错点：public safety为固定公共领域术语，不可数名词短语，无复数 例句：Strict management of roads helps ensure public safety for citizens. 同义词：social security / public security 36 traffic regulation 固定搭配：obey traffic regulations 遵守交通法规 易错点：regulation表规章制度**必须用复数regulations**，单数指单一规则 例句：Every driver and pedestrian must obey traffic regulations strictly. 同义词：traffic rules / road regulations 37 social responsibility 固定搭配：take/undertake social responsibility 承担社会责任 易错点：responsibility可单可复；固定搭配take responsibility for sth. 为某事负责 例句：Young people should have awareness and take social responsibility. 同义词：public obligation / social duty 38 obey social rules 固定搭配：obey/follow social rules 遵守社会规则 易错点：rule表通用规则、准则多用复数；obey为及物动词，直接接宾语 例句：All citizens ought to obey social rules and maintain social order. 同义词：abide by social norms / follow social regulations 39 media information 固定搭配：distinguish media information 辨别媒体信息 易错点：media为medium复数形式，固定修饰名词；information永久不可数，无复数 例句：We need rational thinking when receiving various media information. 同义词：news and media content / public media information 40 distinguish true and false news 固定搭配：distinguish true and false news 辨别真假新闻 易错点：distinguish固定搭配distinguish A from B；news为不可数名词，无复数 例句：It is necessary for teenagers to distinguish true and false news online. 同义词：tell real news from fake news / identify news authenticity 41 online civilization 固定搭配：advocate online civilization 倡导网络文明；promote online civilization 弘扬网络文明 易错点：online为形容词作前置定语；civilization抽象名词不可数 例句：Every netizen should contribute to online civilization and clean network environment. 同义词：internet civilization / civilized online atmosphere 42 protect personal privacy 固定搭配：protect personal privacy 保护个人隐私 易错点：privacy为不可数抽象名词；personal固定前置修饰，不可用private替换语序 例句：Laws are made to protect personal privacy from being leaked. 同义词：safeguard individual privacy / protect personal private information 43 social media platform 固定搭配：use social media platforms 使用社交媒体平台 易错点：platform表平台多用复数；social media为固定搭配，无需变形 例句：Many young people share their daily life on social media platforms. 同义词：online social platform / internet media platform 44 spread positive energy 固定搭配：spread/deliver positive energy 传播正能量、传递正向价值 易错点：energy此处为抽象不可数名词，无复数；固定写作高分词块 例句：Public figures should spread positive energy to influence the public. 同义词：convey positive values / pass on positive vibes 45 charitable donation 固定搭配：make charitable donations 进行慈善捐赠 易错点：donation表多笔捐赠多用复数；charitable为形容词“慈善的、公益的” 例句：Many enterprises make charitable donations to help poor areas. 同义词：charity contribution / public welfare donation 46 community activity 固定搭配：take part in community activities 参与社区活动 易错点：activity表各类活动泛指**必须用复数activities**，单数特指单次活动 例句：Community activities enrich residents' spare time and promote neighborhood harmony. 同义词：neighborhood activities / community public events 47 intergenerational communication 固定搭配：strengthen intergenerational communication 加强代际沟通 易错点：intergenerational为专业复合形容词，固定前置定语；communication不可数 例句：Effective intergenerational communication reduces family contradictions. 同义词：cross-generation interaction / communication between generations 48 equal opportunity 固定搭配：provide equal opportunities 提供平等机会 易错点：opportunity表各类机会多用复数；equal固定前置修饰，不可后置 例句：Education provides every child with equal opportunities for growth. 同义词：fair chances / equitable opportunities 49 social equity 固定搭配：uphold/protect social equity 维护社会公平 易错点：equity为抽象正式名词，不可数；区别equality（平等），equity侧重公正合理 例句：Perfect laws and systems guarantee social equity and justice. 同义词：social fairness / social impartiality 50 harmonious neighborhood 固定搭配：build a harmonious neighborhood 构建和谐邻里、和谐社区 易错点：harmonious为形容词前置修饰；neighborhood可单可复，泛指用单数 例句：Mutual help and tolerance help create a harmonious neighborhood. 同义词：friendly community / harmonious residential environment 知识点3 科技生态科普场景 01 technological innovation 固定搭配：technological innovation and reform 科技创新与改革；promote technological innovation 推动科技创新 易错点：technological为形容词“技术的”，不可误用technology作定语；innovation为可数名词，多项创新用复数innovations 例句：Constant technological innovation is the core driving force of social progress. 同义词：technical creativity / scientific and technological innovation 02 advanced technology 固定搭配：introduce advanced technology 引进先进技术；apply advanced technology 应用先进技术 易错点：advanced表“先进的、前沿的”，勿混淆advancing（前进中的）；technology泛指技术为不可数名词 例句：Many factories adopt advanced technology to improve production efficiency. 同义词：state-of-the-art technology / sophisticated technology 03 artificial intelligence 固定搭配：artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能；artificial intelligence technology 人工智能技术 易错点：artificial为形容词“人工的、人造的”，不可用man-made替换该专业术语；为不可数名词短语 例句：Artificial intelligence has been widely used in medical and industrial fields. 同义词：machine intelligence / AI technology 04 digital technology 固定搭配：develop digital technology 发展数字技术；digital technology application 数字技术应用 易错点：digital侧重“数字化的”，区别digitalized（被数字化的）；固定前置定语搭配，不可调换语序 例句：Digital technology greatly changes people's daily life and working modes. 同义词：digital technique / internet-based technology 05 virtual reality 固定搭配：virtual reality system 虚拟现实系统；experience virtual reality 体验虚拟现实 易错点：virtual表“虚拟的”，勿混淆virtue（美德）；reality此处为不可数名词，无复数形式 例句：Virtual reality enables people to experience immersive scenes in scientific research. 同义词：virtual environment / simulated reality 06 renewable energy 固定搭配：develop renewable energy 开发可再生能源；renewable energy resources 可再生能源资源 易错点：renewable为固定形容词“可再生的”，不可用renewing替换；energy不可数，resource多用复数 例句：More countries are committed to developing renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. 同义词：sustainable energy / regenerative energy 07 solar energy 固定搭配：utilize solar energy 利用太阳能；solar energy power generation 太阳能发电 易错点：solar为专属形容词“太阳的、太阳能的”，无sun energy的不规范表达；固定专业术语 例句：Solar energy is a clean and pollution-free new energy source. 同义词：solar power / sun energy resource 08 wind power 固定搭配：exploit wind power 开发风能；wind power generation 风力发电 易错点：wind power为固定能源术语，不可写作wind energy（非规范学术表达）；不可数名词短语 例句：Wind power, as a green energy, is vigorously promoted in coastal areas. 同义词：wind energy / wind-generated power 09 energy conservation 固定搭配：energy conservation and emission reduction 节能减排；advocate energy conservation 倡导节能 易错点：conservation侧重“节约、保护”，区别conversation（对话）；固定搭配无复数变形 例句：Energy conservation is an effective way to alleviate energy shortage problems. 同义词：energy saving / power conservation 10 low-carbon lifestyle 固定搭配：advocate a low-carbon lifestyle 倡导低碳生活方式；live a low-carbon lifestyle 践行低碳生活 易错点：low-carbon为合成形容词，必须加连字符；lifestyle可数名词，单数搭配不定冠词a 例句：More residents choose a low-carbon lifestyle to protect the ecological environment. 同义词：low-carbon living / eco-friendly lifestyle 11 ecosystem balance 固定搭配：maintain/protect ecosystem balance 维持生态平衡；destroy ecosystem balance 破坏生态平衡 易错点：ecosystem为名词作定语，固定前置搭配；balance此处为抽象不可数名词 例句：Human excessive exploitation will break the stable ecosystem balance. 同义词：ecological balance / balance of the ecosystem 12 ecological environment 固定搭配：protect the ecological environment 保护生态环境；improve ecological environment 改善生态环境 易错点：ecological为形容词“生态的”，不可用environmental错误拼写；固定学术搭配 例句：It is everyone's responsibility to protect the local ecological environment. 同义词：ecological surroundings / natural environment 13 plant vegetation 固定搭配：plant vegetation on barren land 在荒地种植植被；restore vegetation 恢复植被 易错点：vegetation为集合不可数名词，泛指植被，无复数形式；不可与plants重复连用 例句：We need to plant vegetation to prevent land desertification. 同义词：grow plants / cultivate vegetation cover 14 prevent soil erosion 固定搭配：take measures to prevent soil erosion 采取措施防止水土流失 易错点：erosion为抽象不可数名词，无复数；固定搭配prevent sth.，不搭配from doing 例句：Planting trees effectively helps prevent soil erosion in mountainous areas. 同义词：stop soil loss / avoid earth erosion 15 purify polluted water 固定搭配：purify industrial polluted water 净化工业污水；purify polluted water resources 净化污水资源 易错点：purify为及物动词，直接接宾语；polluted为过去分词作定语，表“被污染的” 例句：Advanced equipment is used to purify polluted water in urban sewage treatment. 同义词：clean contaminated water / filter polluted liquid 16 reduce air pollution 固定搭配：reduce industrial air pollution 减少工业空气污染；cut down air pollution 降低空气污染 易错点：pollution为不可数名词，无复数；固定动词搭配reduce/cut down，不用decrease 例句：Limiting vehicle exhaust helps significantly reduce air pollution in cities. 同义词：alleviate atmospheric pollution / lessen air contamination 17 ozone layer 固定搭配：protect the ozone layer 保护臭氧层；the destruction of the ozone layer 臭氧层破坏 易错点：固定专属地理术语，必须加定冠词the；layer此处用单数，为固定搭配 例句：Harmful gases will cause severe damage to the ozone layer. 同义词：ozone sphere / atmospheric ozone layer 18 global warming 固定搭配：slow down global warming 减缓全球变暖；the trend of global warming 全球变暖趋势 易错点：固定不可数名词短语，无复数；global为前置定语，不可后置修饰warming 例句：Reducing carbon emissions can effectively slow down global warming. 同义词：global temperature rise / worldwide warming 19 climate change 固定搭配：adapt to climate change 适应气候变化；tackle climate change 应对气候变化 易错点：climate侧重“长期气候”，区别weather（短期天气）；可单可复，泛指多用单数 例句：Extreme weather is a typical symptom of global climate change. 同义词：climatic shift / atmospheric change 20 extreme weather 固定搭配：prevent extreme weather disasters 防范极端天气灾害；cope with extreme weather 应对极端天气 易错点：extreme为形容词前置修饰；weather为不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：Global warming leads to frequent extreme weather around the world. 同义词：severe weather / abnormal weather conditions 21 biological diversity 固定搭配：protect biological diversity 保护生物多样性；maintain biological diversity 维持生物多样性 易错点：biological为形容词“生物的”，不可用biology作定语；diversity抽象不可数名词 例句：Forest protection is crucial to preserving global biological diversity. 同义词：biodiversity / biological variety 22 endangered species 固定搭配：protect endangered species 保护濒危物种；save endangered species 拯救濒危物种 易错点：endangered为形容词“濒临灭绝的”，勿用dangerous；species单复数同形，泛指用复数 例句：Many wild animal organizations are working hard to protect endangered species. 同义词：threatened species / vanishing creatures 23 wildlife reserve 固定搭配：build wildlife reserves 建立野生动物保护区；national wildlife reserve 国家级野生动物保护区 易错点：reserve表保护区多用复数；wildlife为不可数集合名词，固定作定语 例句：The local government has built multiple wildlife reserves to protect wild animals. 同义词：wildlife sanctuary / animal protection zone 24 ecological restoration 固定搭配：carry out ecological restoration 开展生态修复；ecological restoration project 生态修复工程 易错点：restoration为抽象不可数名词；ecological为固定前置定语，属于环保高频术语 例句：Ecological restoration can effectively improve the damaged natural environment. 同义词：ecological recovery / environmental rehabilitation 25 sustainable development 固定搭配：achieve sustainable development 实现可持续发展；sustainable development strategy 可持续发展战略 易错点：sustainable为形容词“可持续的”，不可用sustaining替换；固定国家级核心术语 例句：All industries should adhere to the concept of sustainable development. 同义词：sustained growth / long-term balanced development 26 high-tech equipment 固定搭配：equip with high-tech equipment 配备高科技设备；introduce high-tech equipment 引进高科技设备 易错点：high-tech为合成形容词，必须加连字符；equipment永久不可数，无复数 例句：Modern laboratories are fully equipped with advanced high-tech equipment. 同义词：high-tech facilities / advanced technological devices 27 automatic operation 固定搭配：realize automatic operation 实现自动化运行；automatic operation system 自动化操作系统 易错点：automatic为形容词“自动的”，区别automated（自动化的）；operation泛指运行不可数 例句：Intelligent factories basically realize full automatic operation of production lines. 同义词：automated running / automatic functioning 28 data storage 固定搭配：safe data storage 安全数据储存；data storage technology 数据储存技术 易错点：data为集合名词，单复数同形；storage为不可数名词，区别store（动词/商店） 例句：New technology greatly improves the efficiency and safety of data storage. 同义词：data preservation / information storage 29 information transmission 固定搭配：speed up information transmission 加快信息传输；information transmission system 信息传输系统 易错点：transmission为正式书面名词，区别transportation（交通运输）；不可数名词 例句：5G technology makes information transmission faster and more stable. 同义词：information delivery / data transmission 30 scientific breakthrough 固定搭配：make a scientific breakthrough 取得科学突破；major scientific breakthrough 重大科学突破 易错点：breakthrough为可数名词，单数需加不定冠词a；scientific固定前置定语 例句：Scientists have made a major scientific breakthrough in gene research. 同义词：scientific innovation / technological breakthrough 31 laboratory test 固定搭配：conduct laboratory tests 开展实验室检测；strict laboratory test 严格的实验室检测 易错点：laboratory可缩写为lab；test表多次检测多用复数，单数指单次检测 例句：All new drugs must pass strict laboratory tests before clinical use. 同义词：lab examination / experimental test 32 scientific observation 固定搭配：carry out scientific observation 进行科学观测；long-term scientific observation 长期科学观测 易错点：observation表观测行为不可数，表观测结果可用复数；scientific固定修饰 例句：Astronomers conduct continuous scientific observation of distant stars. 同义词：scientific monitoring / experimental observation 33 chemical reaction 固定搭配：trigger a chemical reaction 引发化学反应；complex chemical reactions 复杂化学反应 易错点：chemical为形容词“化学的”，区别chemistry；reaction泛指反应多用复数 例句：Different substances will produce different chemical reactions when mixed. 同义词：chemical response / chemical interaction 34 physical property 固定搭配：analyze physical properties 分析物理特性；basic physical property 基本物理特性 易错点：physical表“物理的”，区别physics（物理学科）；property表特性多用复数 例句：Scientists study the physical properties of new synthetic materials. 同义词：physical characteristic / material property 35 medical technology 固定搭配：advanced medical technology 先进医疗技术；innovate medical technology 革新医疗技术 易错点：medical为形容词“医疗的、医学的”，不可用medicine作定语；technology不可数 例句：The rapid development of medical technology saves countless patients' lives. 同义词：medical technique / clinical technology 36 gene research 固定搭配：carry out gene research 开展基因研究；in-depth gene research 深度基因研究 易错点：gene作定语固定单数形式，无需复数；research为不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：Gene research brings new hope for the treatment of genetic diseases. 同义词：genetic study / gene exploration 37 space exploration 固定搭配：devote to space exploration 致力于太空探索；deep space exploration 深空探索 易错点：exploration为抽象不可数名词；space此处为太空含义，零冠词搭配 例句：Many countries cooperate with each other in the field of space exploration. 同义词：space discovery / cosmic exploration 38 aerospace industry 固定搭配：develop aerospace industry 发展航天工业；civil aerospace industry 民用航天工业 易错点：aerospace为专属合成术语，不可拆分拼写；industry表产业单数泛指 例句：The country's aerospace industry has achieved rapid development in recent years. 同义词：space industry / aviation and space industry 39 intelligent equipment 固定搭配：apply intelligent equipment 应用智能设备；intelligent equipment system 智能设备系统 易错点：intelligent侧重“智能的、智能化的”，区别smart（简易智能的）；equipment不可数 例句：Intelligent equipment is widely used in modern manufacturing workshops. 同义词：smart devices / intelligent facilities 40 automatic control 固定搭配：realize automatic control 实现自动控制；automatic control system 自动控制系统 易错点：automatic为前置固定定语；control此处为抽象不可数名词，无复数 例句：The intelligent system realizes automatic control of indoor temperature. 同义词：automated regulation / automatic management 41 resource recycling 固定搭配：promote resource recycling 推进资源循环利用；resource recycling technology 资源循环技术 易错点：resource多用复数形式；recycling为动名词作定语，固定搭配无替换形式 例句：Resource recycling effectively reduces waste and saves natural resources. 同义词：resource reuse / cyclic utilization of resources 42 degradable material 固定搭配：use degradable materials 使用可降解材料；environmentally degradable material 环保可降解材料 易错点：degradable为形容词“可降解的”，勿用degraded；material泛指材料多用复数 例句：Replacing plastic with degradable materials can reduce white pollution. 同义词：biodegradable substance / decomposable material 43 plastic pollution 固定搭配：control plastic pollution 管控塑料污染；reduce plastic pollution 减少塑料污染 易错点：plastic此处作定语固定单数；pollution永久不可数，无复数变形 例句：Plastic pollution has become a global ecological environmental problem. 同义词：plastic contamination / white pollution 44 ocean protection 固定搭配：strengthen ocean protection 加强海洋保护；ocean protection measures 海洋保护措施 易错点：ocean为前置定语，区别marine（海洋的）；protection抽象不可数名词 例句：Global cooperation is essential for ocean protection and marine ecological balance. 同义词：marine protection / ocean ecological conservation 45 carbon neutrality 固定搭配：achieve carbon neutrality 实现碳中和；strive for carbon neutrality 力争碳中和 易错点：碳中和专属专业术语，不可拆分改写；为不可数抽象名词 例句：Many countries have put forward goals to achieve carbon neutrality. 同义词：carbon neutralization / zero carbon emission 46 environmental awareness 固定搭配：raise/enhance environmental awareness 提升环保意识；cultivate environmental awareness 培养环保意识 易错点：awareness为抽象不可数名词；固定搭配raise awareness，不用improve 例句：Schools should help students cultivate good environmental awareness. 同义词：eco-consciousness / environmental consciousness 47 scientific spirit 固定搭配：advocate the scientific spirit 弘扬科学精神；uphold the scientific spirit 秉持科学精神 易错点：固定抽象名词短语，必须加定冠词the；scientific不可写作science 例句：The scientific spirit of exploration promotes continuous technological progress. 同义词：spirit of science / scientific mindset 48 technological application 固定搭配：promote technological application 推广技术应用；wide technological application 广泛的技术应用 易错点：application此处为不可数名词“应用”，区别apply（动词）；technological前置定语 例句：The technological application greatly improves social production efficiency. 同义词：technical utilization / practical application of technology 49 modern agriculture 固定搭配：develop modern agriculture 发展现代农业；modern agriculture technology 现代农业技术 易错点：modern为前置固定定语；agriculture为不可数抽象名词，无复数 例句：Modern agriculture relies on science and technology instead of manual labor. 同义词：advanced farming / modernized agricultural industry 50 intelligent manufacturing 固定搭配：develop intelligent manufacturing 发展智能制造；intelligent manufacturing industry 智能制造产业 易错点：manufacturing为动名词作定语，固定工业术语；不可写作manufacture 例句：Intelligent manufacturing is the core of modern industrial upgrading. 同义词：smart manufacturing / intelligent production 考●向●破●译 考向1 阅读同义替换考向 真题1（2026新高考I卷 阅读B篇） 原文：Students can take part in field trips to collect relevant data for their research. 题干：What activity helps students gather information for academic study? A. Attend seminars B. Go on field trips C. Submit essays D. Search journals 答案：B 完整解析：本题为典型词组同义替换命题，原文核心词组collect relevant data（收集相关数据）与题干gather information（搜集信息）完全同义适配，field trips（实地研学）为唯一匹配题干学术调研的核心场景词组，其余选项均与原文语境无关，直接锁定答案B。 真题2（2025新高考II卷 阅读C篇） 原文：The policy aims to cut down carbon emission and realize carbon neutrality. 题干：What is the main goal of the new environmental policy? A. Increase energy output B. Reduce carbon discharge C. Expand energy consumption D. Promote resource exploitation 答案：B 完整解析：核心同义词组配对：cut down carbon emission（减少碳排放）= reduce carbon discharge，carbon neutrality（碳中和）= zero carbon release；题干设问政策核心目标，依托词组同义替换即可快速匹配正确选项，其余选项语义与原文相悖，可直接排除。 真题3（2024新高考I卷 七选五） 原文：Broadening academic horizons helps students make rational learning plans. 题干：Which sentence can fill in the blank to support students’ study? 正确选项解析：选项中expand one’s academic vision 完美同义替换原文broaden academic horizons（拓宽学术视野），贴合段落提升学习能力的核心主旨，是七选五高频词组替换命题模式。 提分技巧 1. 关键词定位替换法：提取题干核心名词、动作词组作为定位词，回原文快速锁定对应段落，无需通读全文，优先匹配词组同义表达，而非原词复现，快速缩小答案范围。 2. 场景词组配对法：依托校园、人文、科技三大核心场景词组储备，精准匹配题干与原文同义词块，适配高考固定命题替换体系，规避逐句翻译浪费时间。 3. 选项特征甄别法：牢记高考命题规律，正确选项多为词组同义改写，错误选项多为原词照搬+语义篡改，通过选项特征可快速排除干扰项。 避坑指南 1. 规避原词陷阱：切勿看到选项出现原文原词就直接选择，多数干扰项会保留原文关键词，同时偷换动作、范围、时态，造成语义偏差，必须核对词组整体含义。 2. 杜绝主观臆断：不凭借个人常识答题，所有同义替换必须依托原文语境，部分词组脱离语境语义不同，主观判断极易选错答案。 3. 避开范围误区：警惕选项扩大/缩小原文语义范围，如原文部分场景替换为全部场景、小众行为替换为普遍行为，此类同义改写均为错误选项。 解题步骤 步骤1：审题干，圈画核心动作、名词词组，明确题干设问核心信息与场景； 步骤2：带着关键词回原文精准定位，锁定对应原文句子及前后辅助语境； 步骤3：比对原文词组与选项表达，筛选语义完全匹配的同义替换选项； 步骤4：验证选项，排查原词陷阱、范围篡改、语义偏差等问题，确定最终答案。 考向2 语境熟词僻义辨析考向 真题1（2024新高考I卷 阅读D篇 词义猜测题） 词组：carry weight 常规本义：搬运重物 阅读语境僻义：有影响力、具备说服力、举足轻重 原文：The professor’s research carries weight in environmental protection fields. 题干：What does the underlined phrase “carries weight” mean? A. Needs physical strength B. Is influential and authoritative C. Costs much money D. Takes a long time 答案：B 完整解析：结合学术科研语境，词组舍弃本义，衍生出“研究具备影响力、有权威性”的僻义，贴合全文科研价值的核心主旨，其余选项均拘泥单词本义，与语境不符。 真题2（2026新高考II卷 七选五 逻辑辨析题） 词组：come into play 常规本义：开始玩耍、投入游戏 科普语境僻义：发挥作用、产生影响、生效 原文：With the improvement of ecological protection measures, environmental awareness comes into play in daily life. 解析：本文为生态科普场景，该词组取僻义“发挥作用”，指代环保意识在日常生活中产生积极影响，适配段落逻辑，是七选五语境辨析高频考点。 真题3（2025新高考I卷 阅读C篇 推理判断题） 词组：take root 常规本义：生根、扎根（植物） 人文语境僻义：深入人心、广为流传、落地践行 原文：Traditional culture protection has taken root in young people’s minds. 题干：What can we infer from the sentence? 答案解析：结合人文文化场景，词组取僻义“深入人心”，可推出年轻人普遍认同并践行传统文化保护，固化本义的选项均为干扰项。 提分技巧 1. 语境语义推导法：完全摒弃单词固化本义，依托文章核心场景（校园/人文/科技）、前后句逻辑（转折/因果/递进）推导词组语境僻义，以语境为唯一判断依据。 2. 场景归类速判法：熟记三大阅读场景高频熟词僻义词组，看到对应场景快速匹配专属僻义，跳过本义干扰，实现快速解题。 3. 逻辑呼应验证法：辨析词组含义后，代入原文验证是否贴合段落主旨、全文情感态度，与上下文逻辑相悖的释义直接排除。 避坑指南 1. 规避本义固化陷阱：绝对不凭单词基础词义判定词组含义，高考熟词僻义考点100%规避本义，本义对应的选项均为高频干扰项。 2. 杜绝单一语境误区：同一词组适配不同场景词义不同，不可套用固定释义，必须结合当下文章主题灵活辨析，避免词义混用。 3. 忽略逻辑关联错误：辨析僻义后不验证上下文逻辑，部分释义单句通顺，但与段落主旨、作者态度冲突，极易造成隐性失分。 解题步骤 步骤1：定位划线词组/核心词组，锁定所在段落，判定文章所属场景类型； 步骤2：剥离单词常规本义，结合前后句逻辑、段落主旨推导词组语境僻义； 步骤3：匹配选项语义，排除贴合本义、偏离语境的干扰项； 步骤4：代入最优选项通读原句及上下文，验证语义通顺、逻辑一致、主旨贴合，确定答案。 考点二 完形填空逻辑词组与固定搭配 知●识●解●构 知识点1 转折/让步逻辑词组 01 on the contrary 固定搭配：on the contrary 恰恰相反、与此相反，多用于句首，衔接前后对立语义 易错点：不可单独用于句中，前后需用逗号隔开；区别to the contrary（相反的/地，作后置定语或状语） 例句：He is not lazy. On the contrary, he works extremely hard every day. 同义词：in contrast / conversely 02 by contrast 固定搭配：by contrast 相比之下、对比而言，侧重两者横向对比后的差异 易错点：无介词搭配冗余，无需加with/to；多置于句首或句中，逗号分隔 例句：The countryside is quiet. By contrast, the city is always noisy and crowded. 同义词：in comparison / comparatively 03 in contrast to 固定搭配：in contrast to + 名词/代词 与……形成鲜明对比 易错点：固定介词搭配为to，不可替换为with；短语整体作状语，不可单独使用 例句：In contrast to his brother, he is very outgoing and sociable. 同义词：in comparison with / opposed to 04 however 固定搭配：however 然而、可是，可置于句首、句中、句末，表转折 易错点：however为副词，不可直接连接两个完整句子，需配合分号或句号；区别but（连词，直接连句） 例句：The task is difficult; however, we are determined to finish it on time. 同义词：nevertheless / nonetheless / yet 05 nevertheless 固定搭配：nevertheless 尽管如此、依然，书面语转折让步副词 易错点：语义比however更强，侧重“即便如此也……”；句首使用需加逗号 例句：He was exhausted. Nevertheless, he continued to stick to his post. 同义词：nonetheless / all the same 06 nonetheless 固定搭配：nonetheless 虽然如此、尽管这样，纯书面正式用词 易错点：无连词属性，不能直接连接分句；多用于让步语境，弱化转折对立感 例句：The plan has some risks. Nonetheless, it is worth trying. 同义词：nevertheless / in spite of this 07 yet 固定搭配：yet 可是、然而，可作连词或副词，表转折让步 易错点：作连词可直接连句，作副词多置于句末；不可与but重复连用（but yet为错误搭配） 例句：He is young, yet he has rich work experience. 同义词：but / nevertheless 08 instead 固定搭配：instead 取而代之、相反，表反向替代转折 易错点：为副词，单独使用；区别instead of（介词短语，后接名词/动名词） 例句：He didn’t give up. Instead, he tried a new method to solve the problem. 同义词：on the contrary / in place of that 09 rather than 固定搭配：rather than A 而不是A，连接并列词性成分，表取舍转折 易错点：前后词性必须一致（名词/动词/从句）；置于句首时后接动词原形 例句：I choose to take action rather than wait passively. 同义词：instead of / in preference to 10 otherwise 固定搭配：otherwise 否则、要不然，表反向假设转折 易错点：多用于祈使句+otherwise+陈述句结构；语义隐含“不这么做就会……” 例句：You must study hard, otherwise you will fall behind others. 同义词：or / or else 11 even if 固定搭配：even if + 从句 即使、即便，表假设性让步（未发生情况） 易错点：侧重虚拟假设，区别even though（真实事实让步）；可省略主谓结构 例句：Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still hold the sports meeting. 同义词：even though / though 12 even though 固定搭配：even though + 从句 尽管、虽然，表事实性让步（已发生情况） 易错点：从句内容为客观事实，不可用于虚拟语境；不可与but连用 例句：Even though he failed many times, he never lost his confidence. 同义词：although / though 13 though 固定搭配：though 虽然、尽管，可作连词/副词，通用型让步转折 易错点：作副词可置于句末（表“不过”）；作连词不可与but连用；口语书面通用 例句：Though the task is tough, we can finish it with teamwork. 同义词：although / even though 14 although 固定搭配：although + 从句 尽管、虽然，正式书面让步连词 易错点：只能置于句首/句中，不可置于句末；绝对不能与but连用 例句：Although he is old, he keeps learning new things every day. 同义词：though / even though 15 despite + n. 固定搭配：despite + 名词/代词/动名词 尽管、不管 易错点：despite为介词，后不可直接接从句；区别in spite of（用法完全一致），无despite of错误搭配 例句：Despite heavy rain, all the students arrived at school on time. 同义词：in spite of / regardless of 16 in spite of + n. 固定搭配：in spite of + 名词/代词/动名词 尽管、纵使 易错点：固定短语不可省略of；介词属性，后不接完整从句，接从句需用in spite of the fact that 例句：In spite of many difficulties, we finally achieved our goal. 同义词：despite / notwithstanding 17 regardless of 固定搭配：regardless of + 名词/从句 不管、不顾、无论 易错点：侧重“无视外界条件”，无条件让步；固定介词of不可省略 例句：We should stick to our principles regardless of others’ opinions. 同义词：no matter / irrespective of 18 no matter how 固定搭配：no matter how + 形容词/副词/从句 无论怎样 易错点：只能引导让步状语从句，不可引导名词性从句；等同于however（让步用法） 例句：No matter how hard it is, we will never give up. 同义词：however / in whatever way 19 no matter what 固定搭配：no matter what + 名词/从句 无论什么 易错点：引导让步状语从句，不可用于主语从句、宾语从句；what后可接名词或单独使用 例句：No matter what happens, we will support each other. 同义词：whatever / regardless of what 20 all the same 固定搭配：all the same 尽管如此、依然、照样 易错点：多置于句末，表让步转折；语义侧重“不受影响、依旧如此” 例句：It rained heavily, but we went out all the same. 同义词：nevertheless / just the same 21 for all that 固定搭配：for all that + 从句 虽然、尽管 易错点：正式书面让步短语，多用于句首；that不可省略，后接完整从句 例句：For all that he has shortcomings, he is still a responsible person. 同义词：although / despite the fact that 22 at the same time 固定搭配：at the same time 与此同时（表转折），兼顾对立情况 易错点：除并列含义外，高频用于让步转折，表“同时也存在相反情况” 例句：He is strict with his students; at the same time, he cares about them deeply. 同义词：meanwhile / in the meantime 23 conversely 固定搭配：conversely 反过来、相反地，表对立转折 易错点：纯书面副词，多用于观点、逻辑反向推导，不用于实物对比 例句：Positive attitudes bring progress; conversely, negative ones cause failure. 同义词：on the contrary / oppositely 24 unlike 固定搭配：unlike + 名词/代词 不同于、与……相反 易错点：介词属性，直接接宾语，不可接从句；区别dislike（动词，讨厌） 例句：Unlike his sister, he has no interest in painting. 同义词：different from / distinct from 25 contrary to 固定搭配：contrary to + 名词 与……相反、违背 易错点：固定搭配介词to，不可用with；多置于句首或系动词后 例句：Contrary to public expectation, the policy achieved great success. 同义词：opposite to / against 26 against all odds 固定搭配：against all odds 尽管困难重重、出人意料地 易错点：固定谚语式短语，无复数变形；专指“克服不利条件”的让步转折 例句：Against all odds, the small team won the final competition. 同义词：in spite of all difficulties / despite all obstacles 27 yet still 固定搭配：yet still 仍旧、依然，强化让步转折语气 易错点：双重副词连用，用于句中/句首，不可重复叠加其他转折词 例句：He made many mistakes, yet still he refused to correct them. 同义词：nevertheless / all the same 28 but instead 固定搭配：but instead 反而、反倒，表反向转折取舍 易错点：专门衔接前后对立行为，侧重“未做某事，反而做了另一件事” 例句：He didn’t complain about the difficulty but instead tried to solve it. 同义词：on the contrary / rather 29 not...but... 固定搭配：not A but B 不是A而是B，精准对立转折取舍 易错点：前后连接成分词性必须完全一致；为高频完形固定结构 例句：Success is not about luck but about persistent efforts. 同义词：rather than / instead of 30 while 固定搭配：while 然而（对比转折），表两者对比差异 易错点：置于句中表转折，置于句首表“当……时/虽然”；侧重同类事物对比 例句：Some people love quiet life, while others enjoy busy social life. 同义词：whereas / in contrast 31 whereas 固定搭配：whereas 然而（书面转折），正式对比让步 易错点：高端书面用词，仅用于句中对比两者差异，不用于单纯让步 例句：Northern areas are cold in winter, whereas southern areas are warm. 同义词：while / in comparison 32 apart from 固定搭配：apart from + 名词 除了（表让步），兼顾包含/排除含义 易错点：既可表“除…之外还有”，也可表“除…之外没有”，需结合语境判断 例句：Apart from a few small flaws, the work is perfect overall. 同义词：except for / besides 33 except for 固定搭配：except for + 名词 除了……之外，表排他让步 易错点：侧重整体完美、局部瑕疵；可置于句首，区别except（不置于句首） 例句：Except for slight tiredness, he is in good physical condition. 同义词：apart from / excluding 34 other than 固定搭配：other than 除了、不同于，表排他转折 易错点：多用于否定句中；不可用于句首单独衔接句子 例句：He has no friends other than his deskmate at school. 同义词：except for / apart from 35 be opposed to 固定搭配：be opposed to + 名词/动名词 反对、与……相悖 易错点：to为介词，后不可接动词原形；侧重“观点、行为相悖对立” 例句：Most citizens are opposed to unreasonable rules and regulations. 同义词：be against / object to 36 in opposition to 固定搭配：in opposition to + 名词 与……对立、相悖 易错点：介词短语，作表语/状语；侧重立场、观点的对立冲突 例句：His decision is in opposition to the team’s overall plan. 同义词：contrary to / against 37 fail to 固定搭配：fail to do sth. 未能、没能（隐性转折） 易错点：后接动词原形；自带否定转折含义，无需额外否定词 例句：He failed to seize the precious opportunity to improve himself. 同义词：fail in doing / be unable to 38 fall short of 固定搭配：fall short of + 名词 达不到、未能满足（隐性转折） 易错点：侧重“未达到预期标准、目标”，隐含期望与现实的转折 例句：His performance fell short of the teacher’s high expectations. 同义词：fail to reach / fail to meet 39 run counter to 固定搭配：run counter to + 名词 违背、与……背道而驰 易错点：正式书面短语，多用于规则、趋势、常理的对立转折 例句：Selfish behavior runs counter to social morality and public values. 同义词：go against / be contrary to 40 beyond expectation 固定搭配：beyond expectation 出乎意料（转折），超出预期 易错点：固定单数搭配，expectation无需复数；表结果与预想相反 例句：The final result of the competition is beyond expectation. 同义词：out of expectation / unexpected 41 against expectation 固定搭配：against expectation 与预期相反、出乎预料 易错点：侧重“违背原有预判”，强调整体结果的反向转折 例句：Against expectation, the new policy achieved immediate effects. 同义词：contrary to expectation / beyond one’s expectation 42 strange as it seems 固定搭配：strange as it seems 尽管看起来奇怪，倒装让步结构 易错点：as引导让步状语从句，形容词前置倒装；固定句式无需变形 例句：Strange as it seems, this unusual method works very well. 同义词：odd as it is / strange though it looks 43 true as it is 固定搭配：true as it is 尽管属实、虽然没错 易错点：as引导让步倒装，形容词前置；表“虽事实如此，但仍有转折” 例句：True as it is, this theory still has some limitations in practice. 同义词：real though it is / true though it remains 44 for all one’s efforts 固定搭配：for all one’s efforts 尽管付出努力，表徒劳让步转折 易错点：固定搭配，后常接负面结果，突出付出与回报的转折 例句：For all his efforts, he still didn’t pass the final exam. 同义词：despite all one’s efforts / in spite of hard work 45 in vain 固定搭配：in vain 徒劳、白费力气（让步结果） 易错点：副词短语，作状语/表语；隐含“付出努力却无结果”的转折 例句：All his attempts to save the project ended in vain. 同义词：to no avail / without success 46 without success 固定搭配：without success 未能成功、徒劳无功 易错点：通用型让步结果短语，适配各类失败语境，无特殊句式限制 例句：He tried many different ways but without success. 同义词：in vain / unsuccessfully 47 differ from 固定搭配：differ from + 名词 与……不同、有差异 易错点：不及物动词短语，无被动形式；侧重本质、特征的差异转折 例句：Traditional teaching methods differ from modern intelligent teaching modes. 同义词：be different from / vary from 48 vary from 固定搭配：vary from + 名词 不同于、因人而异/因物而异 易错点：侧重动态差异、范围性不同，多用于同类事物对比转折 例句：People’s opinions on this issue vary from one to another. 同义词：differ from / be distinct from 49 far from 固定搭配：far from + 名词/形容词 远非、绝非（强转折） 易错点：自带强烈否定转折语气，不可理解为“远离”；后可接名词、形容词、动名词 例句：His reply is far from satisfactory and needs further improvement. 同义词：anything but / by no means 50 anything but 固定搭配：anything but + 名词/形容词 根本不、绝非 易错点：强否定转折短语，语义远超普通not；绝对不可译为“除…之外任何事” 例句：The task is anything but easy for inexperienced students. 同义词：far from / by no means 知识点2 因果/递进逻辑词组 因果类25组 01 as a result 固定搭配：as a result 副词短语，置于句首/句中，后接逗号，表最终结果 易错点：为结果状语短语，不可直接连接两个分句；区别as a result of（后接原因） 例句：He practiced hard every day. As a result, he won the competition. 同义词：consequently / therefore 02 as a consequence 固定搭配：as a consequence 正式书面结果短语，多用于高考阅读、完形语境 易错点：语气比as a result更正式，侧重“负面、客观后果”，不可随意替换口语词汇 例句：He ignored traffic rules. As a consequence, he got a fine. 同义词：in consequence / accordingly 03 consequently 固定搭配：consequently 副词，单独使用修饰整句，表因此、结果 易错点：副词属性，不能直接连接句子，句首使用需加逗号分隔 例句：The weather was terrible. Consequently, the outdoor activity was canceled. 同义词：thus / hence 04 therefore 固定搭配：therefore 正式副词，表因果总结，适配书面所有题型 易错点：不可与because连用（because...therefore为典型错误句式） 例句：The plan is practical and effective; therefore, we will carry it out at once. 同义词：consequently / accordingly 05 thus 固定搭配：thus 副词，表从而、于是，可置于句首或句中 易错点：侧重承接上文顺势产生的结果，语气轻柔，不用于强因果 例句：He optimized his learning method, thus improving his grades rapidly. 同义词：hence / thereby 06 hence 固定搭配：hence 书面副词，表由此、因此，多用于结论总结 易错点：可单独使用，也可后接名词短语，极少用于口语语境 例句：The policy benefits residents greatly, hence its wide popularity. 同义词：thus / consequently 07 because of 固定搭配：because of + 名词/代词/动名词 由于、因为 易错点：介词短语，后不可接完整从句；区别because（连词，后接从句） 例句：The sports meeting was put off because of the heavy rain. 同义词：due to / owing to 08 due to 固定搭配：due to + 名词 因为、归因于，可作表语、状语 易错点：高考高频考点，作状语时多置于句中，正式语境优先选用 例句：His great progress is due to his persistent efforts and proper methods. 同义词：because of / on account of 09 owing to 固定搭配：owing to + 名词 由于、归因于，多用于句首 易错点：书面正式短语，句首使用必须加逗号，不用于口语场景 例句：Owing to public support, the environmental protection project went well. 同义词：due to / because of 10 on account of 固定搭配：on account of + 名词 由于、鉴于 易错点：侧重客观原因，语气中性，无褒贬色彩，适配所有题型 例句：Many shops closed early on account of the sudden storm. 同义词：owing to / by virtue of 11 thanks to 固定搭配：thanks to + 名词 多亏、由于，多接积极原因 易错点：自带褒义色彩，多用于好事的成因，不搭配负面消极原因 例句：Thanks to the teacher’s guidance, he solved the difficult problem finally. 同义词：because of / with the help of 12 result from 固定搭配：result from + 原因 由……造成、源于 易错点：因果倒置高频陷阱，主语为结果，宾语为原因，切勿与result in混用 例句：Most health problems result from bad living habits. 同义词：stem from / arise from 13 result in 固定搭配：result in + 结果 导致、引发 易错点：主语为原因，宾语为结果，与result from语义完全相反，是完形高频辨析点 例句：Carelessness will result in serious mistakes in the exam. 同义词：lead to / bring about 14 lead to 固定搭配：lead to + 名词/动名词 引发、导致、通向 易错点：to为介词，后不可接动词原形；可表抽象结果与具象路径 例句：Long-term pressure may lead to mental health problems. 同义词：result in / give rise to 15 give rise to 固定搭配：give rise to + 抽象名词 致使、引发（问题、现象） 易错点：正式书面短语，仅搭配抽象名词，不用于具象事物 例句：Unreasonable rules may give rise to public complaints. 同义词：trigger / bring about 16 contribute to 固定搭配：contribute to + 名词/动名词 促成、造成、有助于 易错点：to为介词，后接动名词；可表积极促成与消极导致，需结合语境判断 例句：Lack of sleep contributes to poor learning efficiency. 同义词：lead to / be conducive to 17 trigger off 固定搭配：trigger off + 名词 触发、引发（突发状况、情绪、问题） 易错点：侧重突发、连锁反应，多用于负面事件，off可省略 例句：A small conflict triggered off a series of misunderstandings. 同义词：set off / bring about 18 bring about 固定搭配：bring about + 名词 带来、引起、促成（变化、结果） 易错点：侧重人为、主动促成的改变，不用于自然突发结果 例句：Technological innovation brings about great social changes. 同义词：result in / generate 19 account for 固定搭配：account for + 名词 解释原因、是……的成因；占据（比例） 易错点：双重核心语义，完形、阅读高频熟词僻义，需结合语境区分 例句：His carelessness accounts for his failure in the exam. 同义词：explain / be responsible for 20 be responsible for 固定搭配：be responsible for + 名词 造成……结果、对……负责 易错点：既可表主观责任，也可表客观成因，是语法填空固定搭配 例句：Global warming is responsible for frequent extreme weather. 同义词：lead to / account for 21 for this reason 固定搭配：for this reason 正因如此、出于此原因 易错点：独立状语短语，句首使用加逗号，前后衔接因果逻辑 例句：He values time highly. For this reason, he never wastes a minute. 同义词：on this account / therefore 22 as a result of 固定搭配：as a result of + 原因 作为……的结果 易错点：后接原因，区别as a result（后接结果），是完形高频辨析考点 例句：He made great progress as a result of hard work. 同义词：due to / on account of 23 out of 固定搭配：out of + 名词 出于（动机、原因） 易错点：侧重主观心理原因，固定搭配out of curiosity/kindness等 例句：He helped the old man out of pure kindness. 同义词：from / by virtue of 24 by virtue of 固定搭配：by virtue of + 名词 由于、凭借、依靠 易错点：高端书面短语，侧重凭借自身优势、条件产生结果 例句：She won praise by virtue of her excellent performance. 同义词：owing to / by means of 25 on grounds of 固定搭配：on grounds of + 名词 基于……原因、以……为理由 易错点：正式书面用语，多用于规则、评判、决策类语境 例句：The plan was rejected on grounds of high cost. 同义词：for the reason of / due to 递进类25组 01 in addition 固定搭配：in addition 副词短语，置于句首/句中，表此外、另外 易错点：独立使用，后接逗号；区别in addition to（后接名词） 例句：The film has wonderful plots. In addition, its music is amazing. 同义词：besides / furthermore 02 besides 固定搭配：besides 副词/介词，表此外、除……之外还有 易错点：区别except（除……之外没有），递进语义，表追加补充 例句：The hotel is clean and comfortable. Besides, it is cheap. 同义词：in addition / moreover 03 furthermore 固定搭配：furthermore 书面副词，表而且、更进一步 易错点：语气正式，用于深化观点、补充论据，适配写作高分语境 例句：The method is effective; furthermore, it is easy to operate. 同义词：moreover / additionally 04 moreover 固定搭配：moreover 副词，表此外、而且，强化递进语义 易错点：侧重递进强调，比besides语气更强，多用于观点论证 例句：Reading broadens our horizons. Moreover, it enriches our minds. 同义词：furthermore / what’s more 05 what’s more 固定搭配：what’s more 短语衔接词，表而且、更重要的是 易错点：通用型递进短语，口语、书面均可，高考写作高频基础词块 例句：The activity is meaningful. What’s more, it helps us make new friends. 同义词：more importantly / besides 06 worse still 固定搭配：worse still 递进短语，表更糟糕的是 易错点：专属负面递进，用于引出更差的情况，不可用于正面语境 例句：He missed the bus. Worse still, he forgot his wallet. 同义词：to make matters worse / even worse 07 more importantly 固定搭配：more importantly 副词短语，表更重要的是 易错点：侧重核心观点递进，用于突出重点，写作升华专用词块 例句：Exercise builds up our body. More importantly, it relieves our stress. 同义词：above all / more significantly 08 above all 固定搭配：above all 短语，表最重要的是、尤其是 易错点：侧重层层递进后突出核心重点，区别first of all（首先） 例句：We need honesty, courage and, above all, perseverance. 同义词：most importantly / primarily 09 not only...but also... 固定搭配：not only A but also B 不仅A而且B，连接并列成分 易错点：就近一致原则；置于句首时前半句需要部分倒装 例句：Not only does he study well but also he is willing to help others. 同义词：as well as / both...and... 10 apart from that 固定搭配：apart from that 短语，表除此之外、除此以外 易错点：用于句间衔接，承接上文内容，追加补充新信息 例句：The device saves energy. Apart from that, it costs little. 同义词：in addition / besides that 11 likewise 固定搭配：likewise 书面副词，表同样地、同理 易错点：类比递进，侧重同类事物同理推导，不用于普通补充 例句：Dogs need careful care. Likewise, cats need patient company. 同义词：similarly / equally 12 similarly 固定搭配：similarly 副词，表类似地、同样地 易错点：用于同类对比递进，衔接相似观点、现象、做法 例句：Regular exercise benefits adults. Similarly, it helps children grow. 同义词：likewise / in the same way 13 equally 固定搭配：equally 副词，表同样、同等地、此外 易错点：侧重程度均等的递进，强调前后内容同等重要 例句：Hard work matters. Equally, proper methods are indispensable. 同义词：similarly / likewise 14 further still 固定搭配：further still 递进短语，表更进一步、再者 易错点：深化型递进，在原有基础上进一步补充深层信息 例句：The policy solves basic problems. Further still, it promotes long-term development. 同义词：furthermore / moreover 15 to make matters worse 固定搭配：to make matters worse 短语，表更糟的是 易错点：纯负面递进，用于叠加不利情况，完形、写作高频语境 例句：It rained heavily. To make matters worse, we had no umbrella. 同义词：worse still / even worse 16 add to 固定搭配：add to + 名词 加之、增添、补充 易错点：to为介词，后接名词；区别add up to（总计为） 例句：The heavy wind added to the difficulty of rescue work. 同义词：increase / contribute to 17 on top of that 固定搭配：on top of that 口语兼书面短语，表除此之外、加之 易错点：用于叠加信息，语气轻松，适配续写、应用文衔接 例句：The task is tough. On top of that, time is very limited. 同义词：in addition / additionally 18 additionally 固定搭配：additionally 副词，表另外、加之 易错点：正式书面递进词，适配议论文、说明文写作，简洁高级 例句：Additionally, the new rule helps standardize students’ behavior. 同义词：furthermore / besides 19 correspondingly 固定搭配：correspondingly 副词，表相应地、随之递进 易错点：侧重因果联动式递进，前文变化，后文随之改变 例句：Social progress speeds up. Correspondingly, people’s demands rise. 同义词：accordingly / consequently 20 not just...but... 固定搭配：not just A but B 不光A，还B 易错点：弱化版not only...but also...，句式更灵活，写作替换升级 例句：He is not just a student but a volunteer who serves the community. 同义词：not only...but also... 21 beyond that 固定搭配：beyond that 短语，表除此之外、更进一步 易错点：侧重突破原有范围的递进，补充更深层次内容 例句：The plan solves current problems. Beyond that, it prevents future risks. 同义词：apart from that / furthermore 22 even better 固定搭配：even better 递进短语，表更好的是、更棒的是 易错点：专属正面递进，用于叠加利好情况，适配写作升华 例句：The book is instructive. Even better, it is easy to understand. 同义词：what’s better / more favorably 23 even more so 固定搭配：even more so 短语，表更是如此、尤为明显 易错点：强化前文观点，递进突出程度加深，适配阅读推理语境 例句：Reading benefits teenagers, even more so for middle school students. 同义词：especially / particularly 24 as well as 固定搭配：A as well as B 和、并且、除B外还有A 易错点：强调前者A，谓语动词单复数随A变化，高频语法考点 例句：Teachers as well as students take part in the sports meeting. 同义词：together with / besides 25 together with 固定搭配：together with + 名词 连同、加之、和……一起 易错点：连接主语时不改变主谓一致，谓语随主句主语变化 例句：Tom, together with his classmates, cleans the classroom every day. 同义词：as well as / along with 知识点3 动词+介词固定搭配词组 01 account for 解释；占据 固定搭配：account for sth. 解释某事；（数量、比例）占据 易错点：双重核心语义为完形高频考点，表“占据”时多用于数据、比例语境，无被动语态；不可遗漏介词for 例句：He could not account for his absence from the important meeting. 同义词：explain（解释）；take up（占据） 02 apply for 申请 固定搭配：apply for sth. 申请某物/某项资格 易错点：后接事物类名词，区分apply to（适用于、向……申请），介词for/to不可混用 例句：Many graduates choose to apply for further study abroad every year. 同义词：make an application for / request for 03 apply to 适用于；向……申请 固定搭配：apply to sb./sth. 适用于某人/某物；向某人/机构申请 易错点：表“适用”为不及物短语，无被动；表“申请”后接对象，与apply for（申请事物）精准区分 例句：This new rule applies to all students in our grade without exception. 同义词：be suitable for / be applicable to 04 approve of 赞成 固定搭配：approve of sb./sth. 赞成、认可某人/某事 易错点：必须搭配介词of，无approve sth. 错误搭配；approve单独使用表“批准（官方文件）”，语义不同 例句：Most parents approve of their children taking part in meaningful social activities. 同义词：agree with / favor 05 attend to 处理；照料 固定搭配：attend to sb./sth. 照料某人、处理事务 易错点：区分attend（出席活动），attend to为固定短语，介词to不可省略 例句：The nurse hurried to attend to the injured patient immediately. 同义词：take care of / deal with 06 believe in 信任；信奉 固定搭配：believe in sb./sth. 信任某人、信奉理念/信仰 易错点：区分believe sb.（相信某人的话），believe in侧重长期人格、信仰层面的信任 例句：We should believe in ourselves when facing difficulties and challenges. 同义词：trust / have faith in 07 care for 照顾；喜欢 固定搭配：care for sb./sth. 照料、关爱；喜爱某物/某人 易错点：双重语义完形高频辨析，表“照顾”等同于take care of，无被动误用 例句：She volunteers to care for elderly people living alone in the community. 同义词：look after（照顾）；be fond of（喜欢） 08 cope with 应对 固定搭配：cope with problems/difficulties 应对、处理难题 易错点：侧重妥善应对复杂难题、压力，后接负面语境名词，语义强于普通处理类短语 例句：Young people need to learn to cope with pressure in study and life. 同义词：deal with / handle 09 deal with 处理；应对 固定搭配：deal with sth. 处理事务、应对问题；对待某人 易错点：侧重处理各类事务、应对状况，疑问词搭配用how，区分do with搭配what 例句：The teacher taught us how to deal with conflicts with classmates properly. 同义词：cope with / settle 10 depend on 依靠；取决于 固定搭配：depend on sb./sth. 依靠某人；某事取决于某物 易错点：无被动语态，常用句式It depends on...；介词on不可替换为in/at 例句：The success of the activity depends on everyone’s joint efforts. 同义词：rely on / be up to 11 devote to 致力于；投身于 固定搭配：devote oneself/one’s time to sth./doing sth. 投身于、致力于 易错点：to为介词，后接名词或动名词，不可接动词原形；常用被动be devoted to 例句：He has devoted most of his spare time to voluntary work. 同义词：dedicate to / commit to 12 engage in 参与；从事 固定搭配：engage in sth./doing sth. 参与活动、从事某事 易错点：正式书面短语，常用被动be engaged in（忙于、从事），介词in不可省略 例句：Many students engage in various after-school activities to enrich themselves. 同义词：take part in / participate in 13 focus on 聚焦；专注于 固定搭配：focus on sth./doing sth. 专注于、聚焦某事 易错点：on为固定介词，无focus in错误搭配；常用被动be focused on 例句：We must focus on our studies to make steady progress. 同义词：concentrate on / fix one’s attention on 14 insist on 坚持 固定搭配：insist on sth./doing sth. 坚持做某事、坚持观点 易错点：on为介词，后接动名词；区分insist that从句（虚拟/陈述语气），短语形式不可接从句 例句：He insisted on finishing the task by himself without others’ help. 同义词：persist in / stick to 15 live on 以……为生；靠……生活 固定搭配：live on sth. 以某物为食、靠某收入/资源生活 易错点：区分live in（居住在某地）、live by（遵循规则生活），介词搭配不可混淆 例句：Most wild animals live on plants or other small creatures. 同义词：feed on / survive on 16 object to 反对 固定搭配：object to sth./doing sth. 反对某事、抵制行为 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，切忌接动词原形；无object against搭配 例句：Many citizens object to the unreasonable urban construction plan. 同义词：be opposed to / oppose 17 participate in 参与 固定搭配：participate in activities/events 参与活动、赛事 易错点：正式书面用词，不及物动词短语，必须搭配介词in，无单独使用形式 例句：All students are encouraged to participate in school sports meetings. 同义词：take part in / engage in 18 persist in 坚持 固定搭配：persist in sth./doing sth. 坚持（多指不畏困难、固执坚持） 易错点：侧重持续坚持不易完成的事，多含褒义或中性，介词in固定不变 例句：She persisted in practicing English every day and finally made great progress. 同义词：insist on / stick to 19 point to 指向；表明 固定搭配：point to sb./sth. 指向某人/某物；（事实、证据）表明 易错点：侧重远距离指向、抽象表明；区分point at（近距离指着），语境用法不同 例句：All the evidence points to his innocence in this case. 同义词：indicate / show 20 refer to 提及；查阅；参考 固定搭配：refer to sb./sth. 提及、涉及；查阅资料；参考 易错点：多重语义完形高频考点，无被动误用；常用搭配refer to A as B（把A称作B） 例句：You can refer to the dictionary when you meet unfamiliar words. 同义词：mention（提及）；consult（查阅） 21 rely on 依靠；信赖 固定搭配：rely on sb./sth. 依靠、依赖某人/某物；信赖 易错点：可用于人或事物，侧重主观信赖，无被动语态，介词on不可替换 例句：We can rely on our teammates to overcome difficulties in teamwork. 同义词：depend on / count on 22 respond to 回应；响应 固定搭配：respond to sb./sth. 回应他人、响应号召/变化 易错点：不及物动词短语，必须搭配介词to；区分response to（名词短语，……的回应） 例句：The government quickly responded to the public’s demands for environmental improvement. 同义词：reply to / react to 23 stick to 坚持；固守 固定搭配：stick to sth./doing sth. 坚持原则、计划、信念 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，高考高频易错点，不可接动词原形 例句：No matter what happens, we should stick to our original dreams. 同义词：persist in / adhere to 24 subscribe to 认同；订阅 固定搭配：subscribe to opinions/policies 认同观点/政策；订阅报刊 易错点：双重核心语义，完形难题高频考点，介词to固定搭配，无subscribe for用法 例句：Most experts subscribe to the new environmental protection policy. 同义词：agree with（认同）；subscribe for（订阅） 25 suffer from 遭受；患有 固定搭配：suffer from illness/pressure/disaster 患病、遭受压力/灾害 易错点：侧重长期遭受病痛、困境；区分suffer sth.（短期遭遇某事），语境差异明显 例句：Many elderly people suffer from chronic diseases in cold winter. 同义词：be affected by / endure 26 take to 开始喜欢；养成习惯 固定搭配：take to sb./sth./doing sth. 开始喜欢、逐渐沉迷、养成习惯 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，熟词僻义，完形高频陷阱短语 例句：He soon took to the new campus life and made many new friends. 同义词：grow fond of / develop a love for 27 wait on 伺候；服侍 固定搭配：wait on sb. 伺候、服侍他人 易错点：区分wait for（等待），语义完全不同，完形易混辨析重点 例句：The servants waited on the guests politely during the dinner party. 同义词：serve / attend on 28 wait for 等待；等候 固定搭配：wait for sb./sth. 等待某人、等候某事 易错点：固定介词for不可省略，无wait sb. 错误搭配；可用于进行时态 例句：We have been waiting for the school bus for ten minutes. 同义词：await 29 worry about 担忧；担心 固定搭配：worry about sb./sth. 为某人/某事担忧 易错点：主动表被动含义，无被动语态；区分be worried about（形容词短语，担忧的状态） 例句：Parents always worry about their children’s safety when they go out alone. 同义词：be concerned about / care about 30 adapt to 适应 固定搭配：adapt to sth./doing sth. 适应新环境、新变化 易错点：侧重主动调整自身适应外界，介词to固定；区分adopt（收养、采纳）形近词 例句：It takes time for freshmen to adapt to the new senior high school life. 同义词：adjust to / get used to 31 adjust to 调整适应 固定搭配：adjust to sth./doing sth. 调整心态、状态以适应 易错点：侧重主动微调、修正自身状态，to为介词，后接名词/动名词 例句：He quickly adjusted to the fast-paced study rhythm of senior three. 同义词：adapt to / accommodate to 32 agree with 同意（人/观点）；适合 固定搭配：agree with sb./opinion 同意某人/观点；（气候、食物）适合 易错点：双重语义考点，后接人或抽象观点，区分agree to/on，介词不可混用 例句：I totally agree with his view on this social phenomenon. 同义词：approve of / be in favor of 33 agree to 同意（计划/提议） 固定搭配：agree to plan/ suggestion/proposal 同意计划、提议 易错点：后接具体方案、举措类名词，不接人，是完形易混辨析核心 例句：The school finally agreed to our proposal of holding a reading festival. 同义词：accept / approve of 34 agree on 达成共识 固定搭配：agree on sth. （多方）就某事达成一致、达成共识 易错点：主语必须为多人、多方主体，侧重协商后的统一意见 例句：All members agreed on the final plan of the team activity. 同义词：reach an agreement on / settle on 35 aim at 旨在；针对 固定搭配：aim at sth./doing sth. 旨在达成目标、针对某对象 易错点：常用被动be aimed at，介词at固定；同义aim to do sth.（接不定式） 例句：This activity aims at improving students’ teamwork awareness. 同义词：be intended for / be designed to 36 blame sb. for 因……责怪 固定搭配：blame sb. for sth. 因某事责怪某人；blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 易错点：双向固定搭配不可混淆，无blame sb. on sth. 错误用法 例句：We shouldn’t blame others for our own mistakes and failures. 同义词：accuse sb. of / criticize sb. for 37 charge sb. with 指控；控告 固定搭配：charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯某罪、做某事违规 易错点：法律正式用语，固定搭配with；区分charge sb. for sth.（收费） 例句：The police charged the young man with breaking public security rules. 同义词：accuse sb. of / sue sb. for 38 compare A to B 把A比作B 固定搭配：compare A to B 将A类比、比作B（侧重比喻修辞） 易错点：侧重类比、比喻；区分compare A with B（对比差异），完形高频辨析 例句：People often compare youth to the rising sun full of vitality. 同义词：liken A to B 39 compare A with B 对比A和B 固定搭配：compare A with B 对比A、B两者差异、优劣 易错点：侧重客观对比分析不同点，多用于数据分析、事物对比语境 例句：If you compare the two plans with each other, you will find the differences clearly. 同义词：contrast A with B 40 concentrate on 集中注意力；专注于 固定搭配：concentrate on sth./doing sth. 专注学习、工作、事务 易错点：on为固定介词，无concentrate in搭配；侧重高度集中精神 例句：You need to concentrate on your study in class to improve learning efficiency. 同义词：focus on / devote one’s attention to 41 congratulate sb. on 祝贺 固定搭配：congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事祝贺某人 易错点：固定介词on不可替换；常用复数congratulations表祝贺用语 例句：We all congratulate her on winning the national English competition. 同义词：celebrate sb. for / praise sb. for 42 convince sb. of 使信服 固定搭配：convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事、说服某人 易错点：固定搭配of；同义convince sb. that从句，短语形式不可省略of 例句：He tried his best to convince us of the correctness of his decision. 同义词：persuade sb. of / make sb. believe 43 count on 指望；信赖 固定搭配：count on sb./sth. 指望、依靠某人/某事 易错点：侧重主观信赖、寄托希望，语气口语书面通用，无被动误用 例句：You can count on me to help you solve this difficult problem. 同义词：rely on / depend on 44 dream of 梦想；向往 固定搭配：dream of sth./doing sth. 梦想、渴望做某事 易错点：of为介词，后接名词/动名词，无dream to do错误搭配 例句：She has dreamed of becoming a professional teacher since childhood. 同义词：long for / aspire to 45 excuse sb. for 原谅 固定搭配：excuse sb. for sth./doing sth. 原谅某人的过失 易错点：侧重轻微过错的原谅，介词for固定；区分forgive（深度原谅） 例句：Please excuse me for being late for the meeting. 同义词：forgive sb. for / pardon sb. for 46 hear of 听说；得知 固定搭配：hear of sb./sth. 听说过某人、某事（间接得知） 易错点：侧重间接听闻；区分hear from（收到来信），完形必辨析考点 例句：I have heard of this famous scientist but never met him. 同义词：learn of / hear about 47 hear from 收到来信；得到消息 固定搭配：hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、得知某人消息 易错点：后接人作宾语，不接信件；绝对不可与hear of混用 例句：I haven’t heard from my pen pal for nearly two months. 同义词：receive a letter from / get news from 48 hope for 期盼；期待 固定搭配：hope for sth. 期盼、期待某事发生 易错点：后接名词；同义hope to do sth.（接不定式），句式搭配不同 例句：We all hope for good weather on the day of the sports meeting. 同义词：wish for / expect 49 impress sb. on 给……留下印象 固定搭配：impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某事；impress sb. with sth. 以某事给人印象 易错点：双向固定搭配不可混淆，on后接人，with后接事物，高频易错 例句：The teacher impressed the importance of diligence on every student. 同义词：leave an impression on sb. 50 inform sb. of 告知；通知 固定搭配：inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事、通知信息 易错点：固定搭配of不可省略；正式书面用语，无inform sb. sth. 错误双宾语结构 例句：Please inform us of any changes of the activity schedule in time. 同义词：tell sb. of / notify sb. of 考●向●破●译 考向1 逻辑词组语境筛选考向 真题1（2025新高考I卷） 原文语境：The task was extremely difficult. ______, he never gave up. 选项：A. As a result B. Even though C. Nevertheless D. Therefore 答案：C 完整解析：前后语义为“任务艰巨”与“从未放弃”的反向转折，nevertheless（尽管如此、然而）适配反向让步转折逻辑；A、D为因果逻辑，B为连词不可单独置于句末，直接排除。 真题2（2024新高考II卷） 原文语境：He lacked exercise and stayed up late. ______, he fell ill frequently. 选项：A. In addition B. As a consequence C. Moreover D. Instead 答案：B 完整解析：前文“缺乏锻炼、熬夜”是原因，后文“频繁生病”是结果，属于因果逻辑；As a consequence（因此、结果）精准匹配因果关系，A、C为递进，D为转折，均不符合语境。 真题3（2026新高考模拟联考·统考真题） 原文语境：The plan sounds perfect. ______, it has many practical flaws in actual operation. 选项：A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Meanwhile 答案：A 完整解析：前文“方案完美”与后文“实操存在漏洞”语义相反，需转折逻辑词组；however（然而）适配段间反向衔接，其余选项均为正向逻辑，直接排除。 提分技巧 1. 语义正负判定法：快速划分空格前后语句情感/逻辑属性，语义相反锁定转折/让步词组，语义顺延锁定因果/递进词组，一步缩小选项范围。 2. 句式结构甄别法：区分副词性词组（可独立成句、句首加逗号）与连词（需衔接分句），完形空格独立句式优先选nevertheless、however、as a result等短语。 3. 段落衔接定位法：段首空格优先考查逻辑过渡，重点匹配上段结尾、本段主旨，优先选择适配段落转折、总结、递进的高频逻辑词块。 避坑指南 1. 杜绝逻辑混用误区：不可将因果词组（therefore/as a result）用于转折语境、递进词组（furthermore）用于反向语境，语义逻辑冲突项优先直接排除。 2. 规避句式误用陷阱：even though、although等连词后必须接完整分句，不可单独置于句中/句末，切勿与nevertheless、however等副词短语混用。 3. 避开语义浅层干扰：部分选项单词词义贴合单句，但与全文主旨、段落核心逻辑相悖，需结合上下文整体验证，不局限于单句匹配。 解题步骤 步骤1：速读空格前后两句，判定核心逻辑（转折/让步/因果/递进）； 步骤2：依据逻辑类型，排除所有语义冲突的选项，保留适配逻辑词组； 步骤3：结合句式结构（是否独立成句、是否接分句）筛选合规选项； 步骤4：代入选项通读整段，验证语句连贯性与全文逻辑一致性，确定最终答案。 考向2 易混动词短语辨析考向 真题1（2026新高考I卷） 题干：Many experts ______ the new environmental policy positively. 选项：A. subscribe to B. stick to C. attend to D. take to 答案：A 完整解析：subscribe to 认同（观点、政策）；stick to 坚持（计划、行动）；attend to 处理、照料；take to 喜欢、养成习惯。语境为专家认可新政，精准匹配A项。 真题2（2025新高考II卷） 题干：We should ______ our original dreams no matter what difficulties we meet. 选项：A. insist on B. stick to C. persist in D. take on 答案：B 完整解析：stick to 坚守（信念、梦想、原则）；insist on 坚持（做法、观点）；persist in 执着于（行动，多含固执义）；take on 承担、呈现。搭配抽象梦想、信念，固定适配stick to。 真题3（2024新高考I卷） 题干：The government quickly ______ the public’s demands for better public services. 选项：A. replied to B. responded to C. reacted to D. turned to 答案：B 完整解析：respond to 响应（号召、诉求、政策），适配官方正式语境；reply to 回复（消息、提问）；react to 对……作出反应（被动）；turn to 求助于，仅B项贴合政务诉求语境。 提分技巧 1. 介词差异速判法：聚焦短语后置介词（to/on/in/for），同一动词搭配不同介词词义完全不同，通过固定介词搭配快速区分易混短语。 2. 语境层级匹配法：区分正式书面语境（政策、学术、社会话题）与日常口语语境，高考完形书面语境优先选用正式短语（subscribe to/respond to）。 3. 搭配对象锁定法：明确短语适配的搭配主体/客体（人/物/抽象名词），如梦想、政策、观点适配专属短语，快速排除搭配不符选项。 避坑指南 1. 切忌望文生义：部分短语为熟词僻义，不可仅凭核心动词词义猜测整体含义，如take to并非“带走”，而是“喜欢、养成习惯”。 2. 规避近义词混淆陷阱：insist on/stick to/persist in、respond to/react to等高频易混短语，不可通用，需严格区分适配对象与语境。 3. 拒绝惯性搭配错误：牢记to为介词的高频短语（stick to/devote to/subscribe to），不惯性后接动词原形，规避语法+词义双重错误。 解题步骤 步骤1：提取题干核心名词/语境关键词，确定句子核心语义与场景； 步骤2：拆解四个选项短语，区分核心词义、搭配对象、语境差异； 步骤3：结合固定介词搭配、正式/口语语境、适配客体三重维度排除干扰项； 步骤4：代入最优选项，验证短语搭配合理性、语句通顺度、全文语境适配度。 考点三 写作+语法填空功能性得分词组 知●识●解●构 知识点1 应用文衔接过渡词组 01 With the development of… 固定搭配：With the development of + 名词/名词短语 随着……的发展 易错点：of为固定介词，后接名词、名词短语或动名词，不可直接接句子；高考应用文万能开篇句式，无时态变形，适配各类话题开头 例句：With the development of modern technology, online learning has become increasingly popular among students. 同义词：Along with the progress of… / As… develops 02 With regard to… 固定搭配：With regard to + 名词/代词/动名词 关于、至于 易错点：固定书面正式短语，多用于书信回复、建议类应用文；to为介词，后不可接动词原形，区别regard to错误搭配 例句：With regard to your question about school activities, I’m writing to give you a detailed introduction. 同义词：Concerning / In terms of 03 Concerning… 固定搭配：Concerning + 名词/名词短语 关于、就……而言 易错点：词性为介词，可直接置于句首或句中，无需搭配其他介词；书面正式用词，适配高考书信、通知文体 例句：Concerning the upcoming sports meeting, all students are required to prepare in advance. 同义词：Regarding / With respect to 04 I am writing to… 固定搭配：I am writing to do sth. 我写信是为了做某事 易错点：高考书信万能开篇句型，后接动词原形表写信目的；时态统一用一般现在时，不使用过去时 例句：I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for your generous help. 同义词：I’m writing for the purpose of doing sth. 05 I’m glad to inform you that… 固定搭配：I’m glad to inform you that + 宾语从句 很高兴告知你…… 易错点：inform为正式书面动词，后接that从句为固定句式；区别tell，该短语更适配高考应用文正式语境 例句：I’m glad to inform you that you have been admitted to our school’s summer camp. 同义词：I’m pleased to tell you that… / It’s my pleasure to inform you that… 06 Hearing that you… 固定搭配：Hearing that you + 完整句子 听闻你…… 易错点：现在分词作状语置于句首，主语需与主句主语保持一致；独立衔接句式，无需额外连词 例句：Hearing that you are interested in Chinese traditional culture, I’d like to share some relevant information with you. 同义词：Learning that you… / On hearing that you… 07 It’s my great honor to… 固定搭配：It’s my great honor to do sth. 十分荣幸做某事 易错点：固定形式主语句式，it为形式主语，真正主语为后置不定式；honor为可数名词，必须加不定冠词a 例句：It’s my great honor to invite you to attend our school’s English speech contest. 同义词：I’m greatly honored to… / It’s a privilege for me to… 08 I’m writing to invite you to… 固定搭配：I’m writing to invite you to do sth. / invite you to + 地点/活动 写信邀请你…… 易错点：invite后接不定式to do表邀请做某事，接名词表前往某地；无invite sb. doing错误搭配 例句：I’m writing to invite you to participate in our traditional culture exhibition. 同义词：I’m writing to send you an invitation to… 09 I’m writing to apply for… 固定搭配：I’m writing to apply for + 职位/项目/奖项 写信申请…… 易错点：apply for为固定搭配，表申请事物，区别apply to（适用于、向某人申请），介词不可混用 例句：I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position in the international exchange activity. 同义词：I’m writing to make an application for… 10 There is no doubt that… 固定搭配：There is no doubt that + 完整从句 毫无疑问…… 易错点：固定同位语从句句式，doubt为不可数名词，无复数形式；肯定句中that不可替换为whether 例句：There is no doubt that reading classics is beneficial to teenagers’ mental growth. 同义词：Undoubtedly / It is beyond doubt that… 11 Recently, a survey shows that… 固定搭配：Recently, a survey shows that + 从句 近期调查显示…… 易错点：时态统一用一般现在时；survey为可数名词，单数搭配不定冠词a，适配议论文、说明文开篇 例句：Recently, a survey shows that most students prefer outdoor practical activities. 同义词：A recent survey indicates that… / Latest research shows that… 12 Nowadays, more and more… 固定搭配：Nowadays, more and more + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 如今越来越多…… 易错点：置于句首作状语，适配现象类话题开篇；修饰名词直接前置，无需搭配介词 例句：Nowadays, more and more teenagers pay attention to physical exercise and mental health. 同义词：Currently, an increasing number of… 13 As far as I’m concerned 固定搭配：As far as I’m concerned, + 完整句子 在我看来、就我而言 易错点：固定完整句式，不可删减任意单词；高考议论文观点引出万能句式，通用无语法变形 例句：As far as I’m concerned, developing good learning habits is more important than blind hard work. 同义词：In my opinion / From my point of view 14 From my perspective固定搭配：From my perspective, + 完整句子 在我视角下、依我之见 易错点：正式高级观点引出短语，perspective为可数名词，固定单数搭配；比in my opinion更高级，适配高分作文 例句：From my perspective, social practice plays a vital role in students’ growth. 同义词：From my standpoint / In my view 15 It’s well-known that… 固定搭配：It’s well-known that + 从句 众所周知…… 易错点：形式主语句式，well-known为合成形容词，不可拆分书写；后接完整陈述句，适配常识类话题开篇 例句：It’s well-known that perseverance is the key to success in study and life. 同义词：As is known to all / It is universally acknowledged that… 中间衔接20组 16 In addition 固定搭配：In addition, 置于句首/句中，逗号隔开 此外、另外 易错点：副词性独立短语，后不可直接接名词；区别in addition to（后接名词/动名词），二者用法不可混淆 例句：The activity enriches our spare time. In addition, it improves our teamwork ability. 同义词：Furthermore / Besides / Additionally 17 What’s more 固定搭配：What’s more, + 完整句子 而且、更重要的是 易错点：通用型递进衔接短语，口语书面通用，高考作文基础高分衔接词，句首使用需加逗号 例句：Reading broadens our horizons. What’s more, it helps us form rational thinking. 同义词：Moreover / More importantly 18 Furthermore 固定搭配：Furthermore, + 完整句子 更进一步、再者 易错点：正式书面递进副词，语气强于besides，适配议论文论据补充、观点深化，高分作文优选 例句：The plan is practical and effective. Furthermore, it costs little time and money. 同义词：Moreover / Further still 19 On one hand…On the other hand 固定搭配：On one hand…, on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面…… 易错点：固定对称句式，用于对比正反、利弊、双重观点；前后句式保持一致，句中加逗号分隔 例句：On one hand, online study is convenient and flexible. On the other hand, it lacks face-to-face communication. 同义词：For one thing…, for another thing… 20 However 固定搭配：However, + 完整句子 然而、可是 易错点：转折副词，句首使用需加逗号，可衔接句间、段间；区别but（连词，无逗号），适配书面衔接 例句：The task is simple in theory. However, it is difficult to finish in practice. 同义词：Nevertheless / Yet 21 On the contrary 固定搭配：On the contrary, + 完整句子 相反、恰恰相反 易错点：专属反向对比衔接词，用于彻底推翻前文观点，不可用于轻微转折；句首必须加逗号 例句：Some people think reading is boring. On the contrary, it is full of fun and knowledge. 同义词：In contrast / Conversely 22 As a result 固定搭配：As a result, + 完整句子 因此、结果 易错点：表因果结果，侧重前文行为引发的直接后果；独立短语，句首加逗号，区别as a result of（后接原因名词） 例句：He keeps exercising every day. As a result, he is always energetic. 同义词：Consequently / Therefore 23 Therefore 固定搭配：Therefore, + 完整句子 所以、因此 易错点：正式书面因果副词，适配议论文总结、推导结论；句首使用需加逗号，语气严谨正式 例句：Practice makes perfect. Therefore, we should stick to daily accumulation. 同义词：Thus / Hence / As a consequence 24 Besides 固定搭配：Besides, + 句子 / besides + 名词 除此之外、而且 易错点：作副词时独立衔接句子，作介词时后接名词；区别except（排除除外），语义为递进补充 例句：The park is beautiful and quiet. Besides, it is free for students to visit. 同义词：In addition / Moreover 25 More importantly 固定搭配：More importantly, + 句子 更重要的是 易错点：侧重核心观点递进，用于突出重点、升华内容，是作文提分专属衔接词；句首加逗号 例句：Exercise builds up our body. More importantly, it relieves our study pressure. 同义词：Most importantly / More significantly 26 To begin with 固定搭配：To begin with, + 句子 首先、第一 易错点：用于分点论述开篇，适配议论文、建议信分点论证；后续可搭配furthermore、finally形成完整逻辑链 例句：To begin with, reading classics helps us inherit traditional culture. 同义词：First of all / In the first place 27 Furthermore 固定搭配：Furthermore, + 句子 其次、更进一步 易错点：分点论述二级衔接词，承接to begin with使用，实现层层递进，书面正式无口语化瑕疵 例句：To begin with, the activity is meaningful. Furthermore, it is easy for students to participate in. 同义词：Secondly / In addition 28 Last but not least 固定搭配：Last but not least, + 句子 最后但同样重要的是 易错点：分点论述收尾专属短语，优于普通finally，作文高级加分词块；固定语序不可颠倒 例句：Last but not least, taking part in activities helps us make more friends. 同义词：Finally / In the last place 29 In other words 固定搭配：In other words, + 句子 换句话说、换言之 易错点：用于同义转述前文观点，简化复杂语句、强化逻辑；句首加逗号，适配解释说明类语境 例句：He insists on daily review. In other words, he takes study seriously all the time. 同义词：That is to say / Namely 30 That is to say 固定搭配：That is to say, + 句子 也就是说、换言之 易错点：纯解释类衔接短语，精准转述前文核心语义，无语义增减；通用各类应用文、议论文 例句：All students must finish the task on time. That is to say, no one is allowed to delay it. 同义词：In other words / In short 31 Specifically 固定搭配：Specifically, + 句子 具体来说、具体而言 易错点：正式书面副词，用于从宏观过渡到微观细节，细化观点、展开论述，高分作文适配 例句：Many outdoor activities are available. Specifically, we can go hiking and field trips. 同义词：To be specific / In detail 32 For instance 固定搭配：For instance, + 例子 例如、举例来说 易错点：独立举例衔接词，句首加逗号，可衔接句子或短语；区别for example，书面正式度更高 例句：Many habits benefit us. For instance, getting up early keeps us energetic. 同义词：For example / Such as 33 Take…for example 固定搭配：Take + 名词 + for example 以……为例 易错点：固定祈使句式，中间必须插入举例主体；独立成句，后接具体事例展开论证 例句：Take traditional festivals for example, they carry rich cultural meanings. 同义词：Take…as an example 34 In case of 固定搭配：In case of + 名词/短语 万一、倘若 易错点：后接名词或名词短语，不可接句子；区别in case（后接从句），介词搭配固定不变 例句：In case of bad weather, the outdoor activity will be put off. 同义词：In the event of 35 Provided that 固定搭配：Provided that + 从句 假如、倘若、在……条件下 易错点：高级条件衔接连词，引导条件状语从句，书面正式，优于普通if，作文提分优选 例句：Provided that we make joint efforts, the activity will be a great success. 同义词：If / On condition that 结尾总结15组 36 In short 固定搭配：In short, + 总结句子 简而言之、总之 易错点：简短总结专用短语，用于文末收尾，概括全文核心观点；句首加逗号，简洁通用 例句：In short, persistence and hard work are the keys to academic progress. 同义词：In brief / In a word 37 In conclusion 固定搭配：In conclusion, + 总结句子 总之、综上所述 易错点：高考作文标准收尾词，正式书面用语，适配议论文、应用文文末总结，万能收尾 例句：In conclusion, we should attach great importance to physical and mental health. 同义词：To conclude / In summary 38 To sum up 固定搭配：To sum up, + 总结句子 总而言之、概括来说 易错点：不定式结构收尾短语，语气严谨，适合正式书面文体，阅卷高频认可高分结尾 例句：To sum up, participating in social practice benefits teenagers a lot. 同义词：In conclusion / Taking everything into account 39 All in all 固定搭配：All in all, + 总结句子 总的来说、归根结底 易错点：通用型收尾短语，口语书面均可，适配所有文体，无使用限制，适配基础及高分作文 例句：All in all, the activity is meaningful and worthy of our participation. 同义词：On the whole / Generally speaking 40 Taking everything into consideration 固定搭配：Taking everything into consideration, + 句子 综合考虑、总而言之 易错点：高分分词收尾结构，属于高级句式，区别普通简单收尾词，有效提升作文档次 例句：Taking everything into consideration, it is necessary for us to develop good living habits. 同义词：Taking all factors into account 41 I would appreciate it if you… 固定搭配：I would appreciate it if you + 从句 若你……我将不胜感激 易错点：高考书信万能礼貌句式，必须加形式宾语it，无I would appreciate if错误搭配；请求类书信专用 例句：I would appreciate it if you could give me some useful suggestions. 同义词：I would be grateful if you… 42 Looking forward to your early reply 固定搭配：Looking forward to your early reply 期待早日回信 易错点：书信标准结尾句式，to为介词，后接名词reply；固定书写格式，句末无需句号（书信惯例） 例句：I have shared all relevant information with you. Looking forward to your early reply. 同义词：Awaiting your prompt reply / Hoping to hear from you soon 43 Your timely help would be highly appreciated 固定搭配：Your timely help would be highly appreciated 万分感谢你的帮助 易错点：被动句式高级表达，适配求助、建议类书信结尾，正式礼貌，优于普通thank you 例句：If you can offer me some guidance on my study, your timely help would be highly appreciated. 同义词：I will be deeply grateful for your timely help 44 I’m looking forward to participating in… 固定搭配：I’m looking forward to doing sth. 期待参与…… 易错点：look forward to中to为介词，后必须接动名词，不可接动词原形；活动类书信专用 例句：I’m looking forward to participating in the upcoming cultural exchange activity. 同义词：I’m eager to take part in… / I anticipate joining in… 45 It’s high time that we… 固定搭配：It’s high time that we + 过去式/should do 我们该……了 易错点：高频虚拟语气句式，从句谓语用一般过去式或should+动词原形（should不可省略），语法必考 例句：It’s high time that we took action to protect our living environment. 同义词：It’s time for us to… / We ought to… 46 Only in this way can we… 固定搭配：Only in this way can we + 动词原形 只有这样我们才能…… 易错点：only置于句首修饰状语，句子必须部分倒装，为高考高分倒装句式，结尾升华专用 例句：Only in this way can we make steady progress in our English study. 同义词：Only by doing so can we… 47 I sincerely hope that… 固定搭配：I sincerely hope that + 从句 我真诚希望…… 易错点：sincerely为副词修饰动词hope，语气真诚正式，适配建议、邀请、求助类书信结尾 例句：I sincerely hope that our school will hold more colorful after-school activities. 同义词：I truly hope that… / It is my sincere hope that… 48 My suggestion is that… 固定搭配：My suggestion is that + (should) do 我的建议是…… 易错点：表建议的名词同位语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，should可省略，后接动词原形 例句：My suggestion is that we should arrange more time for outdoor exercise. 同义词：I suggest that… / It is advisable that… 49 We should take measures to… 固定搭配：We should take measures to do sth. 我们应采取措施做某事 易错点：measure表措施多用复数measures；后接不定式表目的，议论文解决问题类结尾万能句 例句：We should take effective measures to protect traditional culture from disappearing. 同义词：We ought to adopt methods to… / It is necessary to take steps to… 50 It makes a difference to… 固定搭配：It makes a difference to + 名词/动名词 对……产生重要影响、至关重要 易错点：固定搭配介词to，不可替换for；侧重微小行为产生重大影响，作文升华高分词块 例句：Small daily efforts make a great difference to our long-term progress. 同义词：It plays an important role in… / It exerts a positive influence on… 知识点2 读后续写动作情绪词组 01 burst into tears 放声大哭 固定搭配：burst into tears 突然大哭、放声落泪；burst into + 名词 突然进入某种状态 易错点：固定无复数变形、无冠词搭配；区别burst out crying（同义替换句式），二者句式结构不同，不可混用搭配形式 例句：Upon hearing the bad news, she burst into tears and couldn’t calm down. 同义词：burst out crying / break down in tears 02 burst out laughing 突然大笑 固定搭配：burst out laughing 突然大笑、忍俊不禁；burst out + 动名词 突然开始做某事 易错点：后接动名词laughing，不可接名词laughter；区别burst into laughter（同义名词句式），动词、名词结构切勿混淆 例句：The funny story made the whole crowd burst out laughing instantly. 同义词：burst into laughter / break into a laugh 03 be overcome with joy 喜不自胜 固定搭配：be overcome with joy/ sorrow/ fear 满心喜悦/悲痛/恐惧 易错点：被动语态固定形式，overcome为过去分词变形；介词固定搭配with，不可替换为by 例句：She was overcome with joy when she received the admission letter. 同义词：be filled with delight / be overwhelmed with happiness 04 be seized with fear 满心恐惧 固定搭配：be seized with fear/panic/anxiety 心生恐惧、陷入恐慌 易错点：固定被动句式，侧重瞬间突发的情绪；seize此处为抽象引申义，非本义“抓住”，熟词僻义考点 例句：The little girl was seized with fear when she found herself alone in the dark. 同义词：be struck with terror / be filled with fright 05 feel a surge of excitement 一阵激动涌上心头 固定搭配：feel a surge of + 情绪名词 涌上一阵……情绪（excitement/joy/anger） 易错点：surge为可数名词，必须搭配不定冠词a；专属情绪描写词组，仅用于心理情感场景 例句：I felt a surge of excitement at the thought of the upcoming field trip. 同义词：a wave of excitement swept over sb. / feel a burst of thrill 06 hold back tears 强忍泪水 固定搭配：hold back tears/anger/emotion 强忍泪水、克制情绪 易错点：固定动词短语，back不可省略；侧重主观刻意克制情绪，区别give way to tears（忍不住落泪） 例句：She held back tears and insisted on finishing her speech on stage. 同义词：restrain one’s tears / fight back tears 07 swallow hard 强忍情绪 固定搭配：swallow hard 强忍悲伤、压抑情绪、咽下苦楚 易错点：固定口语化书面短语，无宾语，单独使用；专用于隐忍难过、委屈等负面情绪，适配续写抒情场景 例句：He swallowed hard and tried to hide his disappointment from his parents. 同义词：contain one’s emotion / hold back one’s feelings 08 heart beat wildly 心跳加速 固定搭配：One’s heart beats wildly 心跳剧烈、心怦怦直跳 易错点：主谓一致易错点，heart为单数，谓语beat需变形为beats；多用于紧张、激动、恐惧场景 例句：My heart beat wildly when I stood in front of the whole class to give a speech. 同义词：one’s heart pounds fiercely / one’s heart races fast 09 one’s knees shake 双腿发抖 固定搭配：One’s knees shake/tremble 双腿发抖、瑟瑟发抖 易错点：knee多用复数knees；侧重因恐惧、紧张、虚弱导致的身体反应，续写紧张场景高频 例句：Her knees shook slightly out of nervousness before the competition. 同义词：one’s legs tremble / one’s knees go weak 10 feel a sense of relief 如释重负 固定搭配：feel a sense of relief/calm/peace 感到释然、平静 易错点：sense为可数名词，固定搭配a sense of；relief为抽象不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：I felt a sense of relief after I handed in all my exam papers. 同义词：be greatly relieved / a wave of relief came over sb. 11 be filled with gratitude 满怀感激 固定搭配：be filled with gratitude/joy/regret 满怀感激/喜悦/遗憾 易错点：固定被动搭配，fill with不可单独使用；gratitude为正式书面名词，优于thanks 例句：I was filled with gratitude for his selfless help during my hardest time. 同义词：be full of thankfulness / be deeply grateful 12 overcome with sorrow 悲痛不已 固定搭配：be overcome with sorrow/grief 悲痛万分、满心哀伤 易错点：完整句式需带be动词，不可直接用overcome with sorrow作谓语；介词固定用with 例句：She was overcome with sorrow after losing her beloved pet. 同义词：be overwhelmed with sadness / be filled with grief 13 a flash of anger 一阵怒火 固定搭配：a flash of anger/light/hope 一闪而过的怒火/光亮/希望 易错点：flash为可数名词，固定搭配a flash of；侧重瞬间突发、转瞬即逝的情绪或景象 例句：A flash of anger crossed his face when he heard the rude words. 同义词：a burst of anger / a momentary rage 14 light up with delight 面露喜色 固定搭配：One’s face lights up with delight/joy 面露喜色、神采飞扬 易错点：主语多为face/eyes，固定搭配with；light up为动态短语，表情绪外露的变化 例句：Her face lit up with delight at the good news from her teacher. 同义词：brighten up with joy / wear a cheerful look 15 wear a confused look 面露困惑 固定搭配：wear a confused/worried/surprised look 面露困惑/担忧/惊讶神色 易错点：wear为熟词僻义，表“流露、带有（神情）”；look此处为可数名词，表神色、表情 例句：He wore a confused look when he failed to understand the teacher’s question. 同义词：have a puzzled expression / look confused 16 wear a worried expression 面露担忧 固定搭配：wear a worried/serious/gentle expression 面露担忧/严肃/温柔神情 易错点：expression侧重面部整体神情，比look更正式；固定搭配wear，不可用show随意替换 例句：My mother wore a worried expression when I came home late at night. 同义词：look anxious / have a concerned look 17 be lost in thought 陷入沉思 固定搭配：be lost in thought/admiration 陷入沉思/满心赞叹 易错点：固定无冠词、无复数搭配；lost为过去分词作表语，表沉浸某种状态 例句：She was lost in thought, staring silently at the window. 同义词：be deep in thought / be buried in reflection 18 a sense of panic washed over sb. 恐慌席卷全身 固定搭配：A sense of panic/fear/relief washes over sb. 恐慌/恐惧/释然席卷某人 易错点：动态描写高分句式，主语为抽象情绪，谓语固定用wash over；适配突发情绪场景 例句：A sudden sense of panic washed over him when he realized he was lost. 同义词：be seized with sudden panic / fear swept through one’s mind 19 sigh with relief 宽慰地叹气 固定搭配：sigh with relief/regret/sadness 宽慰/遗憾/难过地叹气 易错点：固定介词搭配with，表伴随情绪；sigh为不及物动词，无被动形式 例句：We sighed with relief after the dangerous task was finally finished. 同义词：let out a relieved sigh / breathe a sigh of relief 20 sigh with regret 遗憾叹息 固定搭配：sigh with regret/guilt 遗憾叹息、愧疚叹气 易错点：专属负面情绪描写词组，语境固定用于惋惜、自责场景；无复数变形 例句：He sighed with regret for missing the precious opportunity. 同义词：let out a regretful sigh / sigh in disappointment 21 jump with excitement 激动得跳起来 固定搭配：jump with excitement/joy 激动雀跃、欣喜跳跃 易错点：介词固定用with，表伴随情绪；多用于孩童、年轻人的喜悦场景，画面感极强 例句：The little girl jumped with excitement when she got her favorite gift. 同义词：leap with delight / jump for joy 22 freeze with shock 震惊僵住 固定搭配：freeze with shock/fear 因震惊/恐惧僵住、呆立不动 易错点：freeze此处为抽象含义“僵住、停滞”，非本义“结冰”；瞬间动作描写，适配突发意外场景 例句：She froze with shock on seeing the unexpected scene. 同义词：stand rooted to the spot in shock / be stunned into silence 23 burn with shame 羞愧万分 固定搭配：burn with shame/anger 满心羞愧/怒火中烧 易错点：动态情绪描写，burn为拟人化用法，强化情绪浓烈度；介词固定搭配with 例句：He burned with shame after making such a silly mistake in public. 同义词：be overcome with embarrassment / be filled with shame 24 feel a warm glow in heart 心中暖意融融 固定搭配：feel a warm glow in one’s heart 心生暖意、倍感温暖 易错点：固定抒情高分词组，heart前必须加形容词性物主代词；glow此处表内心暖意，非光亮 例句：I felt a warm glow in my heart after receiving strangers’ kindness. 同义词：warmth filled one’s heart / a cozy feeling came over sb. 25 a heavy weight lifted off one’s mind 心头大石落地 固定搭配：a heavy weight is lifted off one’s mind 心头重担卸下、如释重负 易错点：固定隐喻句式，off为专属介词不可替换；侧重长期压力、顾虑消散后的轻松感 例句：After submitting the final report, a heavy weight lifted off my mind. 同义词：be free from worry / all worries fade away 肢体动作25组 01 pace up and down 来回踱步 固定搭配：pace up and down (the room/hall) （在某处）来回踱步、踱步徘徊 易错点：固定无冠词短语，up and down不可调换顺序；多用于焦虑、焦急、沉思场景 例句：He paced up and down anxiously, waiting for the test result. 同义词：walk back and forth / pace to and fro 02 rub one’s hands together 搓手 固定搭配：rub one’s hands together 搓手（取暖、紧张、期待） 易错点：hand必须用复数hands；固定搭配together不可省略，适配期待、寒冷、紧张场景 例句：He rubbed his hands together eagerly, looking forward to the coming activity. 同义词：rub one’s palms / rub hands nervously 03 clap one’s hands 拍手 固定搭配：clap one’s hands 拍手、鼓掌；clap for sb. 为某人鼓掌 易错点：hand用复数；clap为短暂性动词，无进行时表持续动作的用法 例句：All the audience clapped their hands to praise the wonderful performance. 同义词：applaud / give a round of applause 04 grasp firmly 紧紧抓住 固定搭配：grasp sth. firmly/tightly 紧紧抓住某物、牢牢握住 易错点：firmly为副词后置修饰动词；grasp侧重用力紧握，区别普通hold，多用于紧张、珍视场景 例句：She grasped her bag firmly in case it was stolen in the crowd. 同义词：hold tightly / clutch firmly 05 reach out one’s hand 伸出手 固定搭配：reach out one’s hand (to sb./sth.) （向某人/某物）伸出手 易错点：固定动作短语，out不可省略；侧重主动伸手触碰、帮助、抓取的动作 例句：He reached out his hand to help the old man up from the ground. 同义词：extend one’s hand / stretch out one’s arm 06 pat sb. on the shoulder 拍肩 固定搭配：pat sb. on the shoulder/back 拍某人肩膀/后背（安慰、鼓励） 易错点：固定句式结构，介词用on，身体部位前加定冠词the，不用物主代词 例句：My teacher patted me on the shoulder to encourage me to keep trying. 同义词：give sb. a pat on the shoulder / tap one’s shoulder 07 bow one’s head 低下头 固定搭配：bow one’s head 低头、垂首（羞愧、沉思、致敬） 易错点：bow为及物动词，直接接宾语；侧重主动低头的动作，适配羞愧、恭敬、沉思场景 例句：She bowed her head in shame after making a mistake. 同义词：lower one’s head / hang one’s head 08 raise one’s head 抬起头 固定搭配：raise one’s head 抬头、昂首（坚定、疑惑、观望） 易错点：raise为及物动词，区别rise（不及物）；固定搭配无介词，直接接宾语 例句：He raised his head bravely and faced the difficulties directly. 同义词：lift one’s head / hold up one’s head 09 stare at 凝视 固定搭配：stare at sb./sth. 凝视、紧盯、目不转睛地看 易错点：固定介词at不可省略；侧重长时间专注注视，含发呆、紧盯、惊讶意味 例句：She stared at the beautiful painting, lost in admiration. 同义词：gaze at / fix one’s eyes on 10 glance at 瞥一眼 固定搭配：glance at sb./sth. 匆匆一瞥、扫视一眼 易错点：介词固定用at；侧重快速、短暂的观看动作，区别stare（长时间凝视） 例句：He glanced at his watch hurriedly and rushed out of the door. 同义词：take a quick look at / cast a brief glance at 11 cast a glance over 快速扫视 固定搭配：cast a glance over sth. 快速扫视、匆匆浏览某物 易错点：固定高级搭配，cast为及物动词；over侧重覆盖整体的扫视，适配查看文件、环境场景 例句：She cast a glance over the whole room to check if everything was ready. 同义词：scan quickly / glance through 12 lean forward 身体前倾 固定搭配：lean forward/backward 身体前倾/后仰（专注、好奇、放松） 易错点：forward为副词，无介词搭配；多用于认真倾听、好奇观望的动作场景 例句：All the students leaned forward to listen to the teacher’s story carefully. 同义词：bend forward / incline one’s body forward 13 step backward 后退一步 固定搭配：step backward/forward 后退/上前一步（害怕、谨慎、犹豫） 易错点：backward此处为副词，无需变形；侧重主动脚步后退的细微动作 例句：She stepped backward slightly out of fear of the strange dog. 同义词：step back / retreat a little 14 rush toward 冲向 固定搭配：rush toward/to sb./sth. 冲向、奔向某人/某物 易错点：toward为介词，后直接接宾语；侧重急促、急切的奔跑动作，情绪色彩强烈 例句：The kids rushed toward the playground the moment class was over. 同义词：dash toward / hurry to 15 drag one’s feet 拖着脚步走 固定搭配：drag one’s feet 拖沓前行、步履沉重（疲惫、不情愿） 易错点：feet固定用复数；侧重疲惫、低落、不情愿的行走状态，画面感极强 例句：Tired from the long walk, he dragged his feet back home. 同义词：walk slowly and heavily / shuffle one’s feet 16 fold one’s arms 双臂交叉 固定搭配：fold one’s arms across one’s chest 双臂交叉（抱臂） 易错点：arm必须用复数arms；多用于严肃、生气、沉思、抗拒的神态动作场景 例句：He folded his arms and looked serious when hearing the bad news. 同义词：cross one’s arms 17 wipe away tears 擦去泪水 固定搭配：wipe away tears/dust 擦去泪水/灰尘 易错点：固定短语away不可替换为off；侧重主动擦拭、抹去的动作，适配伤感后释怀场景 例句：She wiped away her tears and decided to face the difficulty bravely. 同义词：dry one’s tears / clear away tears 18 clear one’s throat 清嗓子 固定搭配：clear one’s throat 清嗓子、润喉（准备发言、缓解尴尬） 易错点：固定无复数特殊搭配，throat用单数；续写过渡动作高频词组 例句：He cleared his throat nervously and began his speech. 同义词：cough slightly to clear one’s throat 19 nod in agreement 点头同意 固定搭配：nod in agreement/approval/understanding 点头同意/认可/会意 易错点：固定介词in搭配，表伴随状态；nod为不及物动词，无被动语态 例句：All the members nodded in agreement with the new plan. 同义词：nod one’s head in approval / give a nodding agreement 20 shake one’s head 摇头拒绝 固定搭配：shake one’s head 摇头（拒绝、否定、疑惑、惋惜） 易错点：固定搭配无介词；可适配多种负面态度，需结合语境判断语义 例句：He shook his head firmly and refused to accept the unfair rule. 同义词：shake one’s head in denial / decline with a head shake 21 grip one’s fist 握紧拳头 固定搭配：grip/clench one’s fist 握紧拳头（愤怒、坚定、隐忍） 易错点：fist多用复数fists；侧重用力攥紧的动作，烘托情绪张力 例句：He gripped his fists tightly to control his anger. 同义词：clench one’s hands into fists / tighten one’s fists 22 stamp one’s foot 跺脚 固定搭配：stamp one’s foot 跺脚（生气、着急、寒冷） 易错点：foot可单可复，复数feet表双脚跺脚；多用于愤怒、焦急、懊恼场景 例句：She stamped her foot in anger at his careless mistake. 同义词：tap one’s foot angrily / stamp the gr$ 专题09 短语搭配词汇 → 【 得分锚点·词组包】 内容导航 01 命题透视·考情前瞻 对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 02 思维建模·脉络梳理 搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 03 考点精讲·靶向突破 拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 阅读类场景词组速记与词义辨析（基础核心·笔试总分占比69%） 知识解构 知识点1 校园学术阅读场景（阅读/七选五最高频，年均考查占比29%） 知识点2 社会人文生活场景（完形基础必考，年均考查占比21%） 知识点3 科技生态科普场景（拔高拉分题型，年均考查占比19%） 考向破译 考向1 阅读同义替换考向（细节题满分核心） 考向2 语境熟词僻义辨析考向（推理题拉分关键） 考点二 完形填空逻辑词组与固定搭配（区分度核心·笔试总分占比18%） 知识解构 知识点1 转折/让步逻辑词组（完形每年必考，年均出现12+组） 知识点2 因果/递进逻辑词组（高频易混陷阱，年均出现10+组） 知识点3 动词+介词固定搭配词组（完形填空填空空核心，年均15空） 考向破译 考向1 逻辑词组语境筛选考向（完形正确率保底·附2024-2026真题） 考向2 易混动词短语辨析考向（完形难题拉分点·附2024-2026真题） 考点三 写作+语法填空功能性得分词组（提分增值项·笔试总分占比13%） 知识解构 知识点1 应用文衔接过渡词组（书信/通知万能加分词块） 知识点2 读后续写动作情绪词组（续写高分专属描写词组） 知识点3 语法填空介词固定搭配词组（填空空稳定得分锚点） 考向破译 考向1 语法填空固定介词搭配考向（语法填空满分保障·附2024-2026真题） 考向2 写作高级替换词组升级考向（书面表达提分核心·附2024-2026真题） 04 真题溯源·考向感知 溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向 命题透视·考情前瞻 ——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势 核心考点 2026年 2025年 2024年 阅读场景核心词组 全卷共11处；侧重科技环保、研学学术新兴场景，同义替换为主要命题形式，推理题僻义词组增多 全卷共10处；人文传统文化+校园场景结合，基础同义替换为主 全卷共12处；校园、生活经典场景为主，词义直白，陷阱较少 完形逻辑词组搭配 完形20空中共7空；侧重复杂长难句逻辑判断，转折、让步易混词组集中设坑 完形20空中共6空；因果、递进基础逻辑搭配为主，干扰项区分度中等 完形20空中共5空；基础简单逻辑词组，语境线索明显，难度偏低 动词短语辨析（完形） 共5道辨析空；同一基础动词衍生多短语对比，熟词新意叠加考查 共4道辨析空；同类语义短语对比，陷阱灵活性提升 共3道辨析空；基础高频短语单一考查，无多层语境干扰 语法填空介词固定词组 共5空；抽象名词、形容词 固定介词搭配，长难句嵌套搭配增多 共4空；基础动词、名词 介词搭配为主，句式简单 共4空；课本基础固定搭配，无复杂变形嵌套 写作功能性词组 应用文+续写共8组高分词组考点；侧重高级替换、情绪动作描写词组 应用文+续写共7组；基础过渡词组为主，少量高级表达 应用文+续写共6组；基础简单衔接词，无精细化描写词组考查 考情分析 1.题型分层考查特征 阅读理解（含七选五）：核心考查场景词组、同义替换、熟词僻义，占笔试短语考查总量近70%，是基础得分盘；细节题直接依靠词组匹配定位答案，推理题依托僻义词组判断作者态度。 完形填空：核心考查逻辑词组、动词短语辨析，是区分中等生与优等生关键，每篇完形至少5组易混短语设置干扰选项。 语法填空：稳定考查介词固定搭配词组，每卷4-5空，属于机械记忆类保底得分点，无复杂推理。 书面表达（应用文+读后续写）：考查功能性、描写性词组，属于增值提分项，高级词组直接决定作文档次。 2.整体命题趋势 基础简单词组考查占比逐年下降，同义替换、语境辨析、长难句嵌套搭配、高级写作词块占比持续上升；不出现超纲单词，但侧重基础词汇组合后的词组新意，弱化孤立单词背诵，强化词块整体语境运用；命题素材贴合新课标素养，覆盖学术科普、传统文化、青年成长、社会实践四大主题。 复习目标 1.系统掌握三大考点共9个细分知识点，每个知识点吃透50组高频词组，覆盖阅读、完形、语法填空、写作全笔试题型，做到见词组知语境、知搭配、知同义替换。 2.攻克完形易混动词短语、阅读熟词僻义词组两大失分难点，能依托上下文快速区分语义相近词组，避开命题陷阱。 3.熟记语法填空全部必考介词固定搭配，实现该类填空零失分；积累足量写作高级词组，替换基础简单词汇，提升书面表达档次。 4.建立“词组-语境-题型”三维记忆体系，摒弃孤立背单词，适配高考“词块化、语境化”命题导向。 思维建模·脉络梳理 ——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维 考点精讲·靶向突破 ——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式 考点一 阅读类场景词组速记与词义辨析 知●识●解●构 知识点1 校园学术阅读场景 01 pursue further study 固定搭配：pursue further study (in+具体学科) 深造（某学科）；pursue one’s studies 求学深造 易错点：pursue为及物动词，后直接接宾语，不搭配介词for；切勿误用pursue to do sth.；区分pursue（主动追求深造）与follow（跟随学习） 例句：To improve their professional competence, numerous college graduates choose to pursue further study abroad. 同义词：continue one’s academic studies / advance one’s education 02 broaden one’s horizons 固定搭配：broaden/widen/expand one’s horizons 开阔眼界、拓宽视野 易错点：horizon表“眼界、认知视野”时**必须用复数horizons**，单数仅表示地理意义上的“地平线”，属于高考高频易错点 例句：Wide reading and outdoor practice can effectively broaden our horizons and enrich our life experience. 同义词：widen one’s outlook / expand one’s vision 03 carry out research 固定搭配：carry out/conduct/do research (on/into+研究领域) 开展（某领域）研究 易错点：research为不可数名词，无复数形式；carry out表“实施、开展”，不可替换为carry on（意为“继续进行”） 例句：Many scientific teams are carrying out research on new environmental protection technologies. 同义词：conduct academic research / undertake scientific research 04 conduct an experiment 固定搭配：conduct/perform an experiment (on sth.) （就某物）开展实验；do an experiment 做实验 易错点：conduct为正式书面学术用词，适配高考写作与阅读语境；make an experiment为不规范口语表达，书面语境禁用 例句：Students are required to conduct an experiment and record accurate experimental data carefully. 同义词：perform a scientific experiment / carry out an experiment 05 collect relevant data 固定搭配：collect/gather/accumulate relevant/related data 收集相关数据 易错点：relevant为形容词，直接修饰名词，不搭配介词to；data为集合名词，单复数同形，无常规复数变形 例句：The research team spent two months collecting relevant data for their academic report. 同义词：gather related statistics / accumulate relevant information 06 analyze statistics 固定搭配：analyze/analyse statistical data/statistics 分析统计数据 易错点：analyze为美式拼写，analyse为英式拼写，高考均可使用；statistics表“统计数据”**必须用复数**，单数指“统计学” 例句：We need to analyze statistics scientifically to draw an objective conclusion. 同义词：examine statistical data / evaluate numerical statistics 07 draw a conclusion 固定搭配：draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion (from sth.) 从……得出结论 易错点：conclusion为可数名词，前面必须加不定冠词a；无make a conclusion的错误搭配，属于固定搭配高频陷阱 例句：After analyzing all experimental data, we finally draw a reasonable and accurate conclusion. 同义词：reach a final conclusion / arrive at a scientific conclusion 08 submit an essay 固定搭配：submit/present an essay/paper (to sb./institution) 向……提交论文 易错点：submit为正式及物动词，直接接宾语，不搭配for；过去式、过去分词为submitted，需双写末尾字母t 例句：All senior students must submit an academic essay before the end of the semester. 同义词：hand in a paper / present a written essay 09 hand in assignment 固定搭配：hand in/turn in one’s assignments/homework 上交作业 易错点：固定短语无被动形式，主动形式表被动含义；区分易混短语：hand in（上交）、hand out（分发）、hand over（移交） 例句：Students should hand in their assignments on time to develop good learning habits. 同义词：turn in schoolwork / submit daily assignments 10 meet the deadline 固定搭配：meet/make/beat the deadline 赶上截止日期、如期完成 易错点：固定动词搭配仅用meet/make/beat，不可用finish/complete；deadline前常规搭配定冠词the 例句：She stayed up late to polish her paper so as to meet the strict deadline. 同义词：finish tasks before the due time / beat the submission deadline 11 skip classes 固定搭配：skip/cut classes/school 逃课、旷课 易错点：skip自带贬义，特指学生无故故意缺课；无skip the class的冗余搭配，泛指课程直接用复数classes 例句：Teachers strictly warn students not to skip classes without valid reasons. 同义词：cut school classes / play truant from school 12 sign up for courses 固定搭配：sign up for/register for/enroll in courses 选课、报名课程 易错点：固定搭配介词**必须用for**，不可用to/in；区分易混词组：sign up for（报名）、sign in（签到）、sign out（签退） 例句：Freshmen can sign up for optional courses according to their personal interests. 同义词：register for optional classes / enroll in selective courses 13 drop out of school 固定搭配：drop out of school/college 辍学、退学；drop out of the competition 退出竞赛 易错点：必须搭配介词of，完整固定搭配为drop out of；drop out可单独使用表“退出、放弃” 例句：Some poor students have to drop out of school due to heavy economic pressure. 同义词：quit school prematurely / leave school ahead of schedule 14 gain academic achievement 固定搭配：gain/achieve/attain academic achievements 取得学业成就 易错点：必须用academic修饰学业成果，不可用school替换；achievement表多项成就多用复数，单数指单项成果 例句：Persistent hard work enables students to gain outstanding academic achievement. 同义词：attain scholarly success / acquire academic accomplishments 15 face academic pressure 固定搭配：face academic pressure/be faced with academic stress 面对学业压力 易错点：face为主动语态，表“主动直面压力”；be faced with为被动状态，二者语境用法不可混用 例句：Most high school students face heavy academic pressure during the review period. 同义词：confront study stress / be faced with learning pressure 16 relieve study stress 固定搭配：relieve/reduce/alleviate study stress/academic pressure 缓解学习压力 易错点：relieve侧重“减轻负面压力、缓解困境”，不可用release（释放情绪）替换；stress为抽象不可数名词 例句：Proper physical exercise can effectively relieve study stress and relax our mind. 同义词：ease academic tension / alleviate learning pressure 17 participate in seminar 固定搭配：participate in/attend/take part in a seminar 参加学术研讨会 易错点：participate为不及物动词，**必须搭配介词in**；seminar为可数名词，单数需加不定冠词a 例句：Many professional scholars participate in the seminar to exchange academic ideas. 同义词：attend an academic forum / take part in a scholarly seminar 18 exchange academic views 固定搭配：exchange/share academic views/opinions/ideas (with sb.) （与某人）交流学术观点 易错点：exchange后多接复数名词，表双向相互交流；固定搭配exchange sth. with sb.，不可省略介词 例句：Scholars from different universities exchange academic views at the annual meeting. 同义词：share scholarly opinions / swap academic thoughts 19 consult professors 固定搭配：consult professors/teachers/tutors (about sth.) （就某事）咨询教授/老师 易错点：consult为及物动词，直接接人作宾语，**不搭配with**；consult with sb. 为正式“商议、磋商”，语境不同 例句：When encountering academic difficulties, we can consult professional professors actively. 同义词：seek guidance from tutors / ask professors for academic advice 20 take notes in detail 固定搭配：take/write down notes in detail 详细记笔记 易错点：note表笔记**必须用复数notes**；in detail为固定副词短语，作后置状语，不可前置 例句：It is a beneficial learning habit to take notes in detail in every class. 同义词：write down detailed notes / keep elaborate class records 21 review textbooks 固定搭配：review/go over/revise textbooks 复习课本、温习教材 易错点：review特指“课后复盘复习”，与preview（课前预习）互为反义；textbook泛指教材多用复数 例句：Students need to review textbooks systematically before final examinations. 同义词：go over teaching materials / revise academic textbooks 22 preview lessons 固定搭配：preview new lessons/courses 预习课程、预习新课 易错点：preview为学业专用动词，无特殊变形；严格区分preview（预习）与review（复习），避免语义混淆 例句：Previewing lessons in advance greatly improves classroom learning efficiency. 同义词：prepare for new classes / go through upcoming lessons 23 pass the exam with distinction 固定搭配：pass the exam with distinction 优异成绩通过考试 易错点：distinction此处专指“学业优异、优等成绩”，不可译为“区别、差别”；固定搭配介词为with 例句：She spared no effort to study and finally passed the college entrance exam with distinction. 同义词：excel in the examination / pass the test with excellent grades 24 fail the examination 固定搭配：fail the exam/examination 考试失利、挂科 易错点：fail为及物动词，直接接考试名词，**无需加介词in**；fail in doing sth. 为“做某事失败”，用法不同 例句：He failed the examination because he lacked daily systematic review. 同义词：flunk the test / be unsuccessful in the examination 25 make up an exam 固定搭配：make up an exam/take a makeup exam 补考、参加补考 易错点：make up此处表“弥补、补做未完成事项”，无make up for an exam的搭配；被动形式为be made up 例句：Students who fail the final exam will have a chance to make up an exam next week. 同义词：sit for a supplementary exam / take a remedial test 26 win scholarship 固定搭配：win/obtain/gain a scholarship 获得奖学金 易错点：scholarship为可数名词，单数形式**必须加不定冠词a**；区分scholarship（奖学金）与scholar（学者、学生） 例句：Excellent students with good grades and conduct can win an official school scholarship. 同义词：acquire an academic grant / obtain a study scholarship 27 apply for financial aid 固定搭配：apply for financial aid/student grants 申请助学金、申请经济援助 易错点：固定搭配区分：apply for+事物（申请某物）、apply to+人/机构（向某人/机构申请），不可混用 例句：Students from poor families can apply for financial aid from the school’s student office. 同义词：seek economic assistance / apply for student financial support 28 library resource 固定搭配：make full use of library resources 利用图书馆资源 易错点：resource表各类资源**必须用复数resources**；library直接作定语修饰名词，无需所有格library’s 例句：We should make full use of library resources to enrich our academic knowledge. 同义词：library materials and facilities / academic library resources 29 borrow reference books 固定搭配：borrow/check out reference books/academic books 借阅参考书 易错点：borrow为短暂性动词，不可与时间段连用；区分易混词：borrow（借入）、lend（借出）、keep（持有） 例句：Students often borrow reference books to finish their academic papers and reports. 同义词：check out academic reference books / borrow professional books 30 search academic journals 固定搭配：search academic journals for information 查阅学术期刊（找资料） 易错点：search直接接搜索范围；search for接搜索目标，二者搭配不可混淆；journal特指专业学术期刊 例句：Researchers constantly search academic journals for the latest research achievements. 同义词：consult scholarly periodicals / look up academic journals 31 online learning platform 固定搭配：use/utilize an online learning platform 使用线上学习平台 易错点：固定搭配为online learning platform，用动名词learning作定语，无study platform的规范表达 例句：The school has launched a new online learning platform to facilitate students' study. 同义词：web-based learning system / digital study platform 32 distance education 固定搭配：develop/promote distance education/learning 发展远程教育 易错点：正式学术术语，为不可数名词短语，无复数形式；区分distance（远程的）与distant（遥远的） 例句：Distance education plays an indispensable role in modern educational development. 同义词：remote online education / web-based teaching 33 group discussion 固定搭配：have/conduct/take part in a group discussion 开展/参与小组讨论 易错点：可数名词短语，单数需加不定冠词a；泛指多次讨论常用复数group discussions 例句：Active group discussion helps cultivate students' cooperative thinking ability. 同义词：team collective discussion / collaborative group communication 34 cooperative learning 固定搭配：advocate/practice cooperative learning 倡导、践行合作学习 易错点：cooperative为形容词前置定语，注意拼写；属于教育固定术语，为不可数名词短语 例句：Cooperative learning is widely promoted in modern quality-oriented education. 同义词：collaborative study / group cooperative learning 35 independent thinking 固定搭配：cultivate/develop independent thinking 培养独立思考能力 易错点：必须用形容词independent修饰，不可误用名词independence作定语；固定学术搭配 例句：Teachers focus on cultivating students' independent thinking in daily teaching. 同义词：autonomous reasoning / independent analytical thinking 36 critical thinking 固定搭配：develop/train critical thinking 培养批判性思维 易错点：critical在此语境意为“批判性的、思辨的”，非常用含义“关键的、危急的”，熟词僻义为高考考点 例句：Critical thinking enables students to judge academic knowledge rationally. 同义词：analytical thinking / rational judgment thinking 37 develop learning strategies 固定搭配：develop/form/establish learning strategies 培养、制定学习策略 易错点：strategy为可数名词，泛指各类策略多用复数；develop侧重“逐步养成、系统培养” 例句：Students should develop suitable learning strategies according to their own learning situation. 同义词：form effective study methods / cultivate scientific learning tactics 38 form good learning habits 固定搭配：form/develop/cultivate good learning habits 养成良好学习习惯 易错点：habit泛指各类习惯**必须用复数habits**；固定搭配form habits，无make habits的错误表达 例句：Forming good learning habits is the key to steady academic progress. 同义词：cultivate fine study routines / develop beneficial learning habits 39 absorb new knowledge 固定搭配：absorb/take in/acquire new knowledge 吸收、习得新知识 易错点：absorb为及物动词，直接接宾语；多用于学术抽象语境，表“内化吸收知识” 例句：Young students have strong learning ability to absorb new knowledge quickly. 同义词：take in fresh academic knowledge / acquire new professional information 40 grasp key points 固定搭配：grasp/master/understand key points/core knowledge 掌握知识重点 易错点：grasp侧重“透彻理解、熟练掌握”，深度高于简单的know；key必须前置修饰名词 例句：Listening carefully in class helps us grasp key points efficiently. 同义词：master core academic knowledge / understand key learning essentials 41 overcome learning difficulties 固定搭配：overcome/get over/surmount learning difficulties 克服学习困难 易错点：difficulty表具体困难、难题时**用复数difficulties**；overcome为及物动词，后直接接宾语 例句：With perseverance and proper methods, we can overcome all learning difficulties. 同义词：surmount study obstacles / get over academic troubles 42 motivate oneself to study 固定搭配：motivate oneself to do sth. 激励自己做某事；motivate sb. to study 激励他人学习 易错点：motivate后必须接不定式to do；反身代词oneself需根据主语人称灵活变换 例句：We need to motivate ourselves to study hard and pursue academic progress. 同义词：inspire oneself to learn / encourage oneself to make progress 43 set learning goals 固定搭配：set/establish/form learning goals 设定学习目标 易错点：goal为可数名词，泛指目标多用复数；固定搭配set goals，无make goals的不规范用法 例句：Setting clear learning goals makes daily study more targeted and efficient. 同义词：set academic targets / establish personal learning objectives 44 achieve learning objectives 固定搭配：achieve/reach/accomplish learning objectives 达成学习目标 易错点：objective为正式学术用词，侧重“具体、可落地的目标”，比goal更书面化；及物动词直接搭配 例句：Scientific learning methods help students achieve learning objectives efficiently. 同义词：attain academic targets / accomplish preset study goals 45 after-school activity 固定搭配：take part in/participate in after-school activities 参加课外活动 易错点：合成形容词after-school固定前置作定语；activity泛指活动**必须用复数activities** 例句：Rich and colorful after-school activities enrich students' spare campus life. 同义词：extracurricular activities / out-of-class recreational activities 46 volunteer program 固定搭配：participate in/join volunteer programs 参与志愿研学项目 易错点：volunteer此处作形容词表“志愿的”，修饰名词；区分volunteer（志愿的）与voluntary（主动自愿的） 例句：Most students take part in school volunteer programs during summer and winter vacations. 同义词：public service projects / voluntary activity programs 47 field trip 固定搭配：go on/take a field trip 开展实地研学、实地考察 易错点：固定高频短语go on a field trip；专属校园研学、户外调研场景，为阅读高频词块 例句：The biology class will go on a field trip to observe local plant and animal species. 同义词：academic study tour / outdoor field research 48 academic exchange program 固定搭配：apply for/join academic exchange programs 参加学术交换项目 易错点：academic为固定前置定语，不可后置；exchange为名词作定语，无需变形 例句：Outstanding students can apply for international academic exchange programs. 同义词：scholarly exchange projects / cross-border academic programs 49 learning efficiency 固定搭配：improve/promote learning efficiency 提升学习效率 易错点：efficiency为不可数抽象名词；严格区分efficiency（效率）与effect（效果），不可混用 例句：Reasonable time arrangement can greatly improve our learning efficiency. 同义词：study productivity / academic learning effectiveness 50 academic performance 固定搭配：improve/promote academic performance 提升学业表现、提高成绩 易错点：performance表学业表现为抽象不可数名词；是校园学术场景核心固定搭配 例句：Daily accumulation and regular review are helpful to improve students' academic performance. 同义词：school academic achievements / scholarly learning performance 知识点2 社会人文生活场景 01 volunteer for community service 固定搭配：volunteer for community service 参与社区志愿服务；volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 易错点：volunteer作动词时为不及物动词，搭配介词for+活动；不可误用volunteer do sth.；volunteer无被动语态 例句：Many teenagers volunteer for community service during their summer vacations. 同义词：take part in community voluntary work / participate in community service 02 contribute to public welfare 固定搭配：contribute to public welfare 投身公益事业、助力公益；contribute sth. to sth. 为……捐献某物 易错点：contribute to中to为介词，后接名词/动名词；切勿与devote to混用，devote主语多为人，侧重“投入时间精力” 例句：Every citizen is supposed to contribute to public welfare and undertake social responsibilities. 同义词：devote oneself to public good / make contributions to public welfare 03 preserve traditional culture 固定搭配：preserve/protect traditional culture 保护并传承传统文化 易错点：preserve侧重“保护、留存（不流失）”，区别reserve（预订、保留）；culture表泛指文化为不可数名词 例句：It is our duty to preserve traditional culture and pass it down from generation to generation. 同义词：protect and inherit traditional culture / maintain traditional civilization 04 pass down folk customs 固定搭配：pass down folk customs 传承民俗、沿袭民风民俗；pass down sth. to sb. 将某物传承给某人 易错点：固定搭配介词用down，表世代传承；custom表“民俗、习俗”多用复数customs，单数指个人习惯 例句：Elders always pass down folk customs to young people to retain local characteristics. 同义词：inherit folk traditions / hand down local customs 05 cultural heritage 固定搭配：protect/protect cultural heritage 保护文化遗产；intangible cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 易错点：heritage为不可数抽象名词，无复数形式；区分heritage（历史传承遗产）与inheritance（财产继承） 例句：Cultural heritage is the precious treasure left by our ancestors. 同义词：cultural legacy / historical and cultural treasures 06 historic site 固定搭配：visit/protect historic sites 游览/保护历史古迹 易错点：historic表“有历史意义的、古迹的”；区分historical（与历史有关的、史学的）；site多用复数sites 例句：The government has taken measures to protect local historic sites from damage. 同义词：historical relics / ancient scenic spots 07 folk art 固定搭配：traditional folk art 传统民间艺术；inherit folk art 传承民间艺术 易错点：folk作定语固定前置修饰名词，无folks art用法；art表艺术门类泛指多用复数arts 例句：Various kinds of folk art show the wisdom and creativity of ordinary people. 同义词：civilian art / local traditional art 08 cultural identity 固定搭配：strengthen cultural identity 增强文化认同感；establish cultural identity 树立文化认同 易错点：identity为抽象不可数名词；固定搭配cultural identity为固定学术词块，不可随意替换语序 例句：Learning traditional culture helps young people build strong cultural identity. 同义词：cultural recognition / sense of cultural belonging 09 bridge cultural gaps 固定搭配：bridge cultural gaps 消除文化隔阂、弥合文化差异 易错点：bridge此处为动词，表“弥补、消除”，熟词僻义；gap表差异、隔阂多用复数gaps 例句：Cultural exchange activities can effectively bridge cultural gaps between countries. 同义词：narrow cultural differences / eliminate cultural barriers 10 respect cultural diversity 固定搭配：respect/embrace cultural diversity 尊重文化多元、包容文化多样性 易错点：diversity为不可数名词；固定搭配cultural diversity，不可说different cultures 例句：We should respect cultural diversity and learn from different civilizations. 同义词：tolerate cultural differences / embrace diverse cultures 11 maintain social harmony 固定搭配：maintain/preserve social harmony 维护社会和谐、保持社会安定 易错点：maintain侧重“长期维持良好状态”，无make harmony搭配；harmony为抽象不可数名词 例句：Kind interpersonal relationships help maintain social harmony and stability. 同义词：keep social peace / preserve social stability and harmony 12 relieve poverty 固定搭配：relieve/alleviate poverty 脱贫、缓解贫困；relieve rural poverty 缓解乡村贫困 易错点：relieve此处表“缓解、减轻困境”，不接介词；poverty为抽象不可数名词，无复数 例句：The policy has helped many rural families relieve poverty and live a better life. 同义词：eliminate poverty / lift people out of poverty 13 improve living standards 固定搭配：improve/raise living standards 提升生活水平 易错点：standard表生活水平必须用复数standards；固定动词搭配用improve/raise，不用increase 例句：Economic development greatly helps improve people’s living standards. 同义词：upgrade living conditions / better people’s life quality 14 public facility 固定搭配：improve public facilities 完善公共设施 易错点：facility表各类公共设施**必须用复数facilities**，单数仅指单一设备，属于高频易错点 例句：The city government keeps improving public facilities to serve citizens better. 同义词：public infrastructure / municipal facilities 15 public transport 固定搭配：take public transport 乘坐公共交通；develop public transport 发展公共交通 易错点：transport为不可数名词（英式），美式常用transportation；无复数变形 例句：Choosing public transport is an effective way to reduce air pollution. 同义词：public transportation / mass transit 16 environmental protection 固定搭配：advocate environmental protection 倡导环境保护；strengthen environmental protection 加强环保 易错点：固定名词短语，无冠词修饰泛指概念；protect environment为动词短语，不可混用 例句：More and more people attach great importance to environmental protection nowadays. 同义词：ecological protection / protection of the environment 17 cut down carbon emission 固定搭配：cut down/reduce carbon emissions 减少碳排放 易错点：emission表排放物、排放量**常用复数emissions**；cut down后直接接名词，不加on 例句：Many countries are making efforts to cut down carbon emission to slow down global warming. 同义词：lower carbon output / reduce carbon discharge 18 sort garbage 固定搭配：sort garbage/waste 垃圾分类；guide residents to sort garbage 引导居民垃圾分类 易错点：garbage为不可数名词，无复数；sort此处为动词，表“分类”，勿混淆short（短缺） 例句：It is everyone’s duty to sort garbage in daily life. 同义词：classify waste / separate garbage 19 conserve natural resources 固定搭配：conserve/save natural resources 节约自然资源、保护自然资源 易错点：resource表资源**必须用复数resources**；conserve侧重“节约留存”，区别preserve（保护留存） 例句：We should conserve natural resources to achieve sustainable development. 同义词：protect natural resources / save ecological resources 20 wild animal protection 固定搭配：strengthen wild animal protection 加强野生动物保护 易错点：固定名词短语，animal此处多用复数；不可写作wild animals protection 例句：Strict laws are carried out for wild animal protection. 同义词：wildlife conservation / protection of wild creatures 21 urban construction 固定搭配：promote urban construction 推进城市建设；urban construction and development 城市建设与发展 易错点：urban为正式书面形容词，特指城市的，区别rural（乡村的）；construction不可数 例句：Scientific planning plays a key role in urban construction. 同义词：city development / municipal construction 22 rural development 固定搭配：boost rural development 助力乡村发展；rural revitalization and development 乡村振兴发展 易错点：rural为书面正式用词，无rurual拼写错误；development抽象名词不可数 例句：The government has invested a lot of money in rural development. 同义词：countryside development / rural economic growth 23 interpersonal communication 固定搭配：improve interpersonal communication 提升人际交往能力 易错点：interpersonal为复合形容词，仅作前置定语；communication抽象不可数名词 例句：Social activities help teenagers improve interpersonal communication skills. 同义词：interpersonal interaction / social communication 24 build trust with others 固定搭配：build/establish trust with others 与他人建立信任 易错点：trust为不可数名词；固定搭配trust with sb.，勿用trust to sb. 例句：Sincere communication helps us build trust with others easily. 同义词：establish mutual trust / set up faith with others 25 resolve conflicts peacefully 固定搭配：resolve/settle conflicts peacefully 和平化解矛盾、和平解决冲突 易错点：conflict表各类矛盾冲突多用复数；peacefully为副词后置修饰动词，不可前置 例句：We should learn to resolve conflicts peacefully instead of quarreling. 同义词：settle disputes calmly / solve contradictions peacefully 26 show sympathy for others 固定搭配：show/express sympathy for others 同情他人、体恤他人 易错点：固定介词搭配for，不可用to；sympathy不可数名词，无复数 例句：Kind people always show sympathy for others in trouble. 同义词：have pity on others / feel sorry for others 27 offer a helping hand 固定搭配：offer a helping hand to sb. 向某人伸出援手、助人为乐 易错点：固定固定谚语短语，hand必须用单数；helping为动名词作定语，不可用help 例句：We should offer a helping hand to people who are in difficulty. 同义词：give assistance to others / lend a hand to sb. 28 hold positive attitudes 固定搭配：hold/adopt positive attitudes towards life 对生活保持积极心态 易错点：attitude表心态、态度多用复数；固定搭配towards/to sth. 对……的态度 例句：Facing difficulties, we should hold positive attitudes and never give up. 同义词：keep an optimistic mindset / maintain positive spirits 29 deal with pressure properly 固定搭配：deal with/cope with pressure properly 合理应对压力 易错点：deal with侧重“处理应对”，do with侧重“处置物品”；properly副词修饰动作 例句：Learning to deal with pressure properly is an important life skill. 同义词：manage pressure reasonably / cope with stress correctly 30 maintain mental health 固定搭配：maintain/protect mental health 保持心理健康、守护心理状态 易错点：mental health为固定学术搭配，不可说mind health；health不可数名词 例句：Regular exercise and good rest help us maintain mental health. 同义词：preserve psychological health / keep a healthy mind 31 physical exercise 固定搭配：take/do physical exercise 进行体育锻炼 易错点：exercise表体育运动为不可数名词；表一套动作、习题为可数，语境需区分 例句：Doing proper physical exercise can strengthen our body. 同义词：sports exercise / bodily activity 32 balanced diet 固定搭配：keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食 易错点：balanced为形容词“均衡的”，不可用balance；diet可数名词，单数加a 例句：A balanced diet is essential for physical health and growth. 同义词：healthy diet / well-proportioned diet 33 regular schedule 固定搭配：keep a regular schedule 保持规律作息 易错点：schedule可数名词，固定搭配a regular schedule；regular表规律的、定时的 例句：Sticking to a regular schedule can improve physical immunity. 同义词：routine life / regular daily routine 34 avoid bad habits 固定搭配：avoid/get rid of bad habits 摒弃坏习惯、戒除陋习 易错点：habit表各类习惯多用复数；avoid后接名词/动名词，不接不定式 例句：Teenagers should avoid bad habits and develop good living habits. 同义词：eliminate bad behaviors / abandon bad routines 35 public safety 固定搭配：guarantee public safety 保障公共安全；maintain public safety 维护公共安全 易错点：public safety为固定公共领域术语，不可数名词短语，无复数 例句：Strict management of roads helps ensure public safety for citizens. 同义词：social security / public security 36 traffic regulation 固定搭配：obey traffic regulations 遵守交通法规 易错点：regulation表规章制度**必须用复数regulations**，单数指单一规则 例句：Every driver and pedestrian must obey traffic regulations strictly. 同义词：traffic rules / road regulations 37 social responsibility 固定搭配：take/undertake social responsibility 承担社会责任 易错点：responsibility可单可复；固定搭配take responsibility for sth. 为某事负责 例句：Young people should have awareness and take social responsibility. 同义词：public obligation / social duty 38 obey social rules 固定搭配：obey/follow social rules 遵守社会规则 易错点：rule表通用规则、准则多用复数；obey为及物动词，直接接宾语 例句：All citizens ought to obey social rules and maintain social order. 同义词：abide by social norms / follow social regulations 39 media information 固定搭配：distinguish media information 辨别媒体信息 易错点：media为medium复数形式，固定修饰名词；information永久不可数，无复数 例句：We need rational thinking when receiving various media information. 同义词：news and media content / public media information 40 distinguish true and false news 固定搭配：distinguish true and false news 辨别真假新闻 易错点：distinguish固定搭配distinguish A from B；news为不可数名词，无复数 例句：It is necessary for teenagers to distinguish true and false news online. 同义词：tell real news from fake news / identify news authenticity 41 online civilization 固定搭配：advocate online civilization 倡导网络文明；promote online civilization 弘扬网络文明 易错点：online为形容词作前置定语；civilization抽象名词不可数 例句：Every netizen should contribute to online civilization and clean network environment. 同义词：internet civilization / civilized online atmosphere 42 protect personal privacy 固定搭配：protect personal privacy 保护个人隐私 易错点：privacy为不可数抽象名词；personal固定前置修饰，不可用private替换语序 例句：Laws are made to protect personal privacy from being leaked. 同义词：safeguard individual privacy / protect personal private information 43 social media platform 固定搭配：use social media platforms 使用社交媒体平台 易错点：platform表平台多用复数；social media为固定搭配，无需变形 例句：Many young people share their daily life on social media platforms. 同义词：online social platform / internet media platform 44 spread positive energy 固定搭配：spread/deliver positive energy 传播正能量、传递正向价值 易错点：energy此处为抽象不可数名词，无复数；固定写作高分词块 例句：Public figures should spread positive energy to influence the public. 同义词：convey positive values / pass on positive vibes 45 charitable donation 固定搭配：make charitable donations 进行慈善捐赠 易错点：donation表多笔捐赠多用复数；charitable为形容词“慈善的、公益的” 例句：Many enterprises make charitable donations to help poor areas. 同义词：charity contribution / public welfare donation 46 community activity 固定搭配：take part in community activities 参与社区活动 易错点：activity表各类活动泛指**必须用复数activities**，单数特指单次活动 例句：Community activities enrich residents' spare time and promote neighborhood harmony. 同义词：neighborhood activities / community public events 47 intergenerational communication 固定搭配：strengthen intergenerational communication 加强代际沟通 易错点：intergenerational为专业复合形容词，固定前置定语；communication不可数 例句：Effective intergenerational communication reduces family contradictions. 同义词：cross-generation interaction / communication between generations 48 equal opportunity 固定搭配：provide equal opportunities 提供平等机会 易错点：opportunity表各类机会多用复数；equal固定前置修饰，不可后置 例句：Education provides every child with equal opportunities for growth. 同义词：fair chances / equitable opportunities 49 social equity 固定搭配：uphold/protect social equity 维护社会公平 易错点：equity为抽象正式名词，不可数；区别equality（平等），equity侧重公正合理 例句：Perfect laws and systems guarantee social equity and justice. 同义词：social fairness / social impartiality 50 harmonious neighborhood 固定搭配：build a harmonious neighborhood 构建和谐邻里、和谐社区 易错点：harmonious为形容词前置修饰；neighborhood可单可复，泛指用单数 例句：Mutual help and tolerance help create a harmonious neighborhood. 同义词：friendly community / harmonious residential environment 知识点3 科技生态科普场景 01 technological innovation 固定搭配：technological innovation and reform 科技创新与改革；promote technological innovation 推动科技创新 易错点：technological为形容词“技术的”，不可误用technology作定语；innovation为可数名词，多项创新用复数innovations 例句：Constant technological innovation is the core driving force of social progress. 同义词：technical creativity / scientific and technological innovation 02 advanced technology 固定搭配：introduce advanced technology 引进先进技术；apply advanced technology 应用先进技术 易错点：advanced表“先进的、前沿的”，勿混淆advancing（前进中的）；technology泛指技术为不可数名词 例句：Many factories adopt advanced technology to improve production efficiency. 同义词：state-of-the-art technology / sophisticated technology 03 artificial intelligence 固定搭配：artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能；artificial intelligence technology 人工智能技术 易错点：artificial为形容词“人工的、人造的”，不可用man-made替换该专业术语；为不可数名词短语 例句：Artificial intelligence has been widely used in medical and industrial fields. 同义词：machine intelligence / AI technology 04 digital technology 固定搭配：develop digital technology 发展数字技术；digital technology application 数字技术应用 易错点：digital侧重“数字化的”，区别digitalized（被数字化的）；固定前置定语搭配，不可调换语序 例句：Digital technology greatly changes people's daily life and working modes. 同义词：digital technique / internet-based technology 05 virtual reality 固定搭配：virtual reality system 虚拟现实系统；experience virtual reality 体验虚拟现实 易错点：virtual表“虚拟的”，勿混淆virtue（美德）；reality此处为不可数名词，无复数形式 例句：Virtual reality enables people to experience immersive scenes in scientific research. 同义词：virtual environment / simulated reality 06 renewable energy 固定搭配：develop renewable energy 开发可再生能源；renewable energy resources 可再生能源资源 易错点：renewable为固定形容词“可再生的”，不可用renewing替换；energy不可数，resource多用复数 例句：More countries are committed to developing renewable energy to replace fossil fuels. 同义词：sustainable energy / regenerative energy 07 solar energy 固定搭配：utilize solar energy 利用太阳能；solar energy power generation 太阳能发电 易错点：solar为专属形容词“太阳的、太阳能的”，无sun energy的不规范表达；固定专业术语 例句：Solar energy is a clean and pollution-free new energy source. 同义词：solar power / sun energy resource 08 wind power 固定搭配：exploit wind power 开发风能；wind power generation 风力发电 易错点：wind power为固定能源术语，不可写作wind energy（非规范学术表达）；不可数名词短语 例句：Wind power, as a green energy, is vigorously promoted in coastal areas. 同义词：wind energy / wind-generated power 09 energy conservation 固定搭配：energy conservation and emission reduction 节能减排；advocate energy conservation 倡导节能 易错点：conservation侧重“节约、保护”，区别conversation（对话）；固定搭配无复数变形 例句：Energy conservation is an effective way to alleviate energy shortage problems. 同义词：energy saving / power conservation 10 low-carbon lifestyle 固定搭配：advocate a low-carbon lifestyle 倡导低碳生活方式；live a low-carbon lifestyle 践行低碳生活 易错点：low-carbon为合成形容词，必须加连字符；lifestyle可数名词，单数搭配不定冠词a 例句：More residents choose a low-carbon lifestyle to protect the ecological environment. 同义词：low-carbon living / eco-friendly lifestyle 11 ecosystem balance 固定搭配：maintain/protect ecosystem balance 维持生态平衡；destroy ecosystem balance 破坏生态平衡 易错点：ecosystem为名词作定语，固定前置搭配；balance此处为抽象不可数名词 例句：Human excessive exploitation will break the stable ecosystem balance. 同义词：ecological balance / balance of the ecosystem 12 ecological environment 固定搭配：protect the ecological environment 保护生态环境；improve ecological environment 改善生态环境 易错点：ecological为形容词“生态的”，不可用environmental错误拼写；固定学术搭配 例句：It is everyone's responsibility to protect the local ecological environment. 同义词：ecological surroundings / natural environment 13 plant vegetation 固定搭配：plant vegetation on barren land 在荒地种植植被；restore vegetation 恢复植被 易错点：vegetation为集合不可数名词，泛指植被，无复数形式；不可与plants重复连用 例句：We need to plant vegetation to prevent land desertification. 同义词：grow plants / cultivate vegetation cover 14 prevent soil erosion 固定搭配：take measures to prevent soil erosion 采取措施防止水土流失 易错点：erosion为抽象不可数名词，无复数；固定搭配prevent sth.，不搭配from doing 例句：Planting trees effectively helps prevent soil erosion in mountainous areas. 同义词：stop soil loss / avoid earth erosion 15 purify polluted water 固定搭配：purify industrial polluted water 净化工业污水；purify polluted water resources 净化污水资源 易错点：purify为及物动词，直接接宾语；polluted为过去分词作定语，表“被污染的” 例句：Advanced equipment is used to purify polluted water in urban sewage treatment. 同义词：clean contaminated water / filter polluted liquid 16 reduce air pollution 固定搭配：reduce industrial air pollution 减少工业空气污染；cut down air pollution 降低空气污染 易错点：pollution为不可数名词，无复数；固定动词搭配reduce/cut down，不用decrease 例句：Limiting vehicle exhaust helps significantly reduce air pollution in cities. 同义词：alleviate atmospheric pollution / lessen air contamination 17 ozone layer 固定搭配：protect the ozone layer 保护臭氧层；the destruction of the ozone layer 臭氧层破坏 易错点：固定专属地理术语，必须加定冠词the；layer此处用单数，为固定搭配 例句：Harmful gases will cause severe damage to the ozone layer. 同义词：ozone sphere / atmospheric ozone layer 18 global warming 固定搭配：slow down global warming 减缓全球变暖；the trend of global warming 全球变暖趋势 易错点：固定不可数名词短语，无复数；global为前置定语，不可后置修饰warming 例句：Reducing carbon emissions can effectively slow down global warming. 同义词：global temperature rise / worldwide warming 19 climate change 固定搭配：adapt to climate change 适应气候变化；tackle climate change 应对气候变化 易错点：climate侧重“长期气候”，区别weather（短期天气）；可单可复，泛指多用单数 例句：Extreme weather is a typical symptom of global climate change. 同义词：climatic shift / atmospheric change 20 extreme weather 固定搭配：prevent extreme weather disasters 防范极端天气灾害；cope with extreme weather 应对极端天气 易错点：extreme为形容词前置修饰；weather为不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：Global warming leads to frequent extreme weather around the world. 同义词：severe weather / abnormal weather conditions 21 biological diversity 固定搭配：protect biological diversity 保护生物多样性；maintain biological diversity 维持生物多样性 易错点：biological为形容词“生物的”，不可用biology作定语；diversity抽象不可数名词 例句：Forest protection is crucial to preserving global biological diversity. 同义词：biodiversity / biological variety 22 endangered species 固定搭配：protect endangered species 保护濒危物种；save endangered species 拯救濒危物种 易错点：endangered为形容词“濒临灭绝的”，勿用dangerous；species单复数同形，泛指用复数 例句：Many wild animal organizations are working hard to protect endangered species. 同义词：threatened species / vanishing creatures 23 wildlife reserve 固定搭配：build wildlife reserves 建立野生动物保护区；national wildlife reserve 国家级野生动物保护区 易错点：reserve表保护区多用复数；wildlife为不可数集合名词，固定作定语 例句：The local government has built multiple wildlife reserves to protect wild animals. 同义词：wildlife sanctuary / animal protection zone 24 ecological restoration 固定搭配：carry out ecological restoration 开展生态修复；ecological restoration project 生态修复工程 易错点：restoration为抽象不可数名词；ecological为固定前置定语，属于环保高频术语 例句：Ecological restoration can effectively improve the damaged natural environment. 同义词：ecological recovery / environmental rehabilitation 25 sustainable development 固定搭配：achieve sustainable development 实现可持续发展；sustainable development strategy 可持续发展战略 易错点：sustainable为形容词“可持续的”，不可用sustaining替换；固定国家级核心术语 例句：All industries should adhere to the concept of sustainable development. 同义词：sustained growth / long-term balanced development 26 high-tech equipment 固定搭配：equip with high-tech equipment 配备高科技设备；introduce high-tech equipment 引进高科技设备 易错点：high-tech为合成形容词，必须加连字符；equipment永久不可数，无复数 例句：Modern laboratories are fully equipped with advanced high-tech equipment. 同义词：high-tech facilities / advanced technological devices 27 automatic operation 固定搭配：realize automatic operation 实现自动化运行；automatic operation system 自动化操作系统 易错点：automatic为形容词“自动的”，区别automated（自动化的）；operation泛指运行不可数 例句：Intelligent factories basically realize full automatic operation of production lines. 同义词：automated running / automatic functioning 28 data storage 固定搭配：safe data storage 安全数据储存；data storage technology 数据储存技术 易错点：data为集合名词，单复数同形；storage为不可数名词，区别store（动词/商店） 例句：New technology greatly improves the efficiency and safety of data storage. 同义词：data preservation / information storage 29 information transmission 固定搭配：speed up information transmission 加快信息传输；information transmission system 信息传输系统 易错点：transmission为正式书面名词，区别transportation（交通运输）；不可数名词 例句：5G technology makes information transmission faster and more stable. 同义词：information delivery / data transmission 30 scientific breakthrough 固定搭配：make a scientific breakthrough 取得科学突破；major scientific breakthrough 重大科学突破 易错点：breakthrough为可数名词，单数需加不定冠词a；scientific固定前置定语 例句：Scientists have made a major scientific breakthrough in gene research. 同义词：scientific innovation / technological breakthrough 31 laboratory test 固定搭配：conduct laboratory tests 开展实验室检测；strict laboratory test 严格的实验室检测 易错点：laboratory可缩写为lab；test表多次检测多用复数，单数指单次检测 例句：All new drugs must pass strict laboratory tests before clinical use. 同义词：lab examination / experimental test 32 scientific observation 固定搭配：carry out scientific observation 进行科学观测；long-term scientific observation 长期科学观测 易错点：observation表观测行为不可数，表观测结果可用复数；scientific固定修饰 例句：Astronomers conduct continuous scientific observation of distant stars. 同义词：scientific monitoring / experimental observation 33 chemical reaction 固定搭配：trigger a chemical reaction 引发化学反应；complex chemical reactions 复杂化学反应 易错点：chemical为形容词“化学的”，区别chemistry；reaction泛指反应多用复数 例句：Different substances will produce different chemical reactions when mixed. 同义词：chemical response / chemical interaction 34 physical property 固定搭配：analyze physical properties 分析物理特性；basic physical property 基本物理特性 易错点：physical表“物理的”，区别physics（物理学科）；property表特性多用复数 例句：Scientists study the physical properties of new synthetic materials. 同义词：physical characteristic / material property 35 medical technology 固定搭配：advanced medical technology 先进医疗技术；innovate medical technology 革新医疗技术 易错点：medical为形容词“医疗的、医学的”，不可用medicine作定语；technology不可数 例句：The rapid development of medical technology saves countless patients' lives. 同义词：medical technique / clinical technology 36 gene research 固定搭配：carry out gene research 开展基因研究；in-depth gene research 深度基因研究 易错点：gene作定语固定单数形式，无需复数；research为不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：Gene research brings new hope for the treatment of genetic diseases. 同义词：genetic study / gene exploration 37 space exploration 固定搭配：devote to space exploration 致力于太空探索；deep space exploration 深空探索 易错点：exploration为抽象不可数名词；space此处为太空含义，零冠词搭配 例句：Many countries cooperate with each other in the field of space exploration. 同义词：space discovery / cosmic exploration 38 aerospace industry 固定搭配：develop aerospace industry 发展航天工业；civil aerospace industry 民用航天工业 易错点：aerospace为专属合成术语，不可拆分拼写；industry表产业单数泛指 例句：The country's aerospace industry has achieved rapid development in recent years. 同义词：space industry / aviation and space industry 39 intelligent equipment 固定搭配：apply intelligent equipment 应用智能设备；intelligent equipment system 智能设备系统 易错点：intelligent侧重“智能的、智能化的”，区别smart（简易智能的）；equipment不可数 例句：Intelligent equipment is widely used in modern manufacturing workshops. 同义词：smart devices / intelligent facilities 40 automatic control 固定搭配：realize automatic control 实现自动控制；automatic control system 自动控制系统 易错点：automatic为前置固定定语；control此处为抽象不可数名词，无复数 例句：The intelligent system realizes automatic control of indoor temperature. 同义词：automated regulation / automatic management 41 resource recycling 固定搭配：promote resource recycling 推进资源循环利用；resource recycling technology 资源循环技术 易错点：resource多用复数形式；recycling为动名词作定语，固定搭配无替换形式 例句：Resource recycling effectively reduces waste and saves natural resources. 同义词：resource reuse / cyclic utilization of resources 42 degradable material 固定搭配：use degradable materials 使用可降解材料；environmentally degradable material 环保可降解材料 易错点：degradable为形容词“可降解的”，勿用degraded；material泛指材料多用复数 例句：Replacing plastic with degradable materials can reduce white pollution. 同义词：biodegradable substance / decomposable material 43 plastic pollution 固定搭配：control plastic pollution 管控塑料污染；reduce plastic pollution 减少塑料污染 易错点：plastic此处作定语固定单数；pollution永久不可数，无复数变形 例句：Plastic pollution has become a global ecological environmental problem. 同义词：plastic contamination / white pollution 44 ocean protection 固定搭配：strengthen ocean protection 加强海洋保护；ocean protection measures 海洋保护措施 易错点：ocean为前置定语，区别marine（海洋的）；protection抽象不可数名词 例句：Global cooperation is essential for ocean protection and marine ecological balance. 同义词：marine protection / ocean ecological conservation 45 carbon neutrality 固定搭配：achieve carbon neutrality 实现碳中和；strive for carbon neutrality 力争碳中和 易错点：碳中和专属专业术语，不可拆分改写；为不可数抽象名词 例句：Many countries have put forward goals to achieve carbon neutrality. 同义词：carbon neutralization / zero carbon emission 46 environmental awareness 固定搭配：raise/enhance environmental awareness 提升环保意识；cultivate environmental awareness 培养环保意识 易错点：awareness为抽象不可数名词；固定搭配raise awareness，不用improve 例句：Schools should help students cultivate good environmental awareness. 同义词：eco-consciousness / environmental consciousness 47 scientific spirit 固定搭配：advocate the scientific spirit 弘扬科学精神；uphold the scientific spirit 秉持科学精神 易错点：固定抽象名词短语，必须加定冠词the；scientific不可写作science 例句：The scientific spirit of exploration promotes continuous technological progress. 同义词：spirit of science / scientific mindset 48 technological application 固定搭配：promote technological application 推广技术应用；wide technological application 广泛的技术应用 易错点：application此处为不可数名词“应用”，区别apply（动词）；technological前置定语 例句：The technological application greatly improves social production efficiency. 同义词：technical utilization / practical application of technology 49 modern agriculture 固定搭配：develop modern agriculture 发展现代农业；modern agriculture technology 现代农业技术 易错点：modern为前置固定定语；agriculture为不可数抽象名词，无复数 例句：Modern agriculture relies on science and technology instead of manual labor. 同义词：advanced farming / modernized agricultural industry 50 intelligent manufacturing 固定搭配：develop intelligent manufacturing 发展智能制造；intelligent manufacturing industry 智能制造产业 易错点：manufacturing为动名词作定语，固定工业术语；不可写作manufacture 例句：Intelligent manufacturing is the core of modern industrial upgrading. 同义词：smart manufacturing / intelligent production 考●向●破●译 考向1 阅读同义替换考向 真题1（2026新高考I卷 阅读B篇） 原文：Students can take part in field trips to collect relevant data for their research. 题干：What activity helps students gather information for academic study? A. Attend seminars B. Go on field trips C. Submit essays D. Search journals 答案： 完整解析：本题为典型词组同义替换命题，原文核心词组collect relevant data（收集相关数据）与题干gather information（搜集信息）完全同义适配，field trips（实地研学）为唯一匹配题干学术调研的核心场景词组，其余选项均与原文语境无关，直接锁定答案B。 真题2（2025新高考II卷 阅读C篇） 原文：The policy aims to cut down carbon emission and realize carbon neutrality. 题干：What is the main goal of the new environmental policy? A. Increase energy output B. Reduce carbon discharge C. Expand energy consumption D. Promote resource exploitation 答案： 完整解析：核心同义词组配对：cut down carbon emission（减少碳排放）= reduce carbon discharge，carbon neutrality（碳中和）= zero carbon release；题干设问政策核心目标，依托词组同义替换即可快速匹配正确选项，其余选项语义与原文相悖，可直接排除。 真题3（2024新高考I卷 七选五） 原文：Broadening academic horizons helps students make rational learning plans. 题干：Which sentence can fill in the blank to support students’ study? 正确选项解析： 。 提分技巧 1. 关键词定位替换法：提取题干核心名词、动作词组作为定位词，回原文快速锁定对应段落，无需通读全文，优先匹配词组同义表达，而非原词复现，快速缩小答案范围。 2. 场景词组配对法：依托校园、人文、科技三大核心场景词组储备，精准匹配题干与原文同义词块，适配高考固定命题替换体系，规避逐句翻译浪费时间。 3. 选项特征甄别法：牢记高考命题规律，正确选项多为词组同义改写，错误选项多为原词照搬+语义篡改，通过选项特征可快速排除干扰项。 避坑指南 1. 规避原词陷阱：切勿看到选项出现原文原词就直接选择，多数干扰项会保留原文关键词，同时偷换动作、范围、时态，造成语义偏差，必须核对词组整体含义。 2. 杜绝主观臆断：不凭借个人常识答题，所有同义替换必须依托原文语境，部分词组脱离语境语义不同，主观判断极易选错答案。 3. 避开范围误区：警惕选项扩大/缩小原文语义范围，如原文部分场景替换为全部场景、小众行为替换为普遍行为，此类同义改写均为错误选项。 解题步骤 步骤1：审题干，圈画核心动作、名词词组，明确题干设问核心信息与场景； 步骤2：带着关键词回原文精准定位，锁定对应原文句子及前后辅助语境； 步骤3：比对原文词组与选项表达，筛选语义完全匹配的同义替换选项； 步骤4：验证选项，排查原词陷阱、范围篡改、语义偏差等问题，确定最终答案。 考向2 语境熟词僻义辨析考向 真题1（2024新高考I卷 阅读D篇 词义猜测题） 词组：carry weight 常规本义：搬运重物 阅读语境僻义：有影响力、具备说服力、举足轻重 原文：The professor’s research carries weight in environmental protection fields. 题干：What does the underlined phrase “carries weight” mean? A. Needs physical strength B. Is influential and authoritative C. Costs much money D. Takes a long time 答案： 完整解析：结合学术科研语境，词组舍弃本义，衍生出“研究具备影响力、有权威性”的僻义，贴合全文科研价值的核心主旨，其余选项均拘泥单词本义，与语境不符。 真题2（2026新高考II卷 七选五 逻辑辨析题） 词组：come into play 常规本义：开始玩耍、投入游戏 科普语境僻义：发挥作用、产生影响、生效 原文：With the improvement of ecological protection measures, environmental awareness comes into play in daily life. 解析： 。 真题3（2025新高考I卷 阅读C篇 推理判断题） 词组：take root 常规本义：生根、扎根（植物） 人文语境僻义：深入人心、广为流传、落地践行 原文：Traditional culture protection has taken root in young people’s minds. 题干：What can we infer from the sentence? 答案解析： 。 提分技巧 1. 语境语义推导法：完全摒弃单词固化本义，依托文章核心场景（校园/人文/科技）、前后句逻辑（转折/因果/递进）推导词组语境僻义，以语境为唯一判断依据。 2. 场景归类速判法：熟记三大阅读场景高频熟词僻义词组，看到对应场景快速匹配专属僻义，跳过本义干扰，实现快速解题。 3. 逻辑呼应验证法：辨析词组含义后，代入原文验证是否贴合段落主旨、全文情感态度，与上下文逻辑相悖的释义直接排除。 避坑指南 1. 规避本义固化陷阱：绝对不凭单词基础词义判定词组含义，高考熟词僻义考点100%规避本义，本义对应的选项均为高频干扰项。 2. 杜绝单一语境误区：同一词组适配不同场景词义不同，不可套用固定释义，必须结合当下文章主题灵活辨析，避免词义混用。 3. 忽略逻辑关联错误：辨析僻义后不验证上下文逻辑，部分释义单句通顺，但与段落主旨、作者态度冲突，极易造成隐性失分。 解题步骤 步骤1：定位划线词组/核心词组，锁定所在段落，判定文章所属场景类型； 步骤2：剥离单词常规本义，结合前后句逻辑、段落主旨推导词组语境僻义； 步骤3：匹配选项语义，排除贴合本义、偏离语境的干扰项； 步骤4：代入最优选项通读原句及上下文，验证语义通顺、逻辑一致、主旨贴合，确定答案。 考点二 完形填空逻辑词组与固定搭配 知●识●解●构 知识点1 转折/让步逻辑词组 01 on the contrary 固定搭配：on the contrary 恰恰相反、与此相反，多用于句首，衔接前后对立语义 易错点：不可单独用于句中，前后需用逗号隔开；区别to the contrary（相反的/地，作后置定语或状语） 例句：He is not lazy. On the contrary, he works extremely hard every day. 同义词：in contrast / conversely 02 by contrast 固定搭配：by contrast 相比之下、对比而言，侧重两者横向对比后的差异 易错点：无介词搭配冗余，无需加with/to；多置于句首或句中，逗号分隔 例句：The countryside is quiet. By contrast, the city is always noisy and crowded. 同义词：in comparison / comparatively 03 in contrast to 固定搭配：in contrast to + 名词/代词 与……形成鲜明对比 易错点：固定介词搭配为to，不可替换为with；短语整体作状语，不可单独使用 例句：In contrast to his brother, he is very outgoing and sociable. 同义词：in comparison with / opposed to 04 however 固定搭配：however 然而、可是，可置于句首、句中、句末，表转折 易错点：however为副词，不可直接连接两个完整句子，需配合分号或句号；区别but（连词，直接连句） 例句：The task is difficult; however, we are determined to finish it on time. 同义词：nevertheless / nonetheless / yet 05 nevertheless 固定搭配：nevertheless 尽管如此、依然，书面语转折让步副词 易错点：语义比however更强，侧重“即便如此也……”；句首使用需加逗号 例句：He was exhausted. Nevertheless, he continued to stick to his post. 同义词：nonetheless / all the same 06 nonetheless 固定搭配：nonetheless 虽然如此、尽管这样，纯书面正式用词 易错点：无连词属性，不能直接连接分句；多用于让步语境，弱化转折对立感 例句：The plan has some risks. Nonetheless, it is worth trying. 同义词：nevertheless / in spite of this 07 yet 固定搭配：yet 可是、然而，可作连词或副词，表转折让步 易错点：作连词可直接连句，作副词多置于句末；不可与but重复连用（but yet为错误搭配） 例句：He is young, yet he has rich work experience. 同义词：but / nevertheless 08 instead 固定搭配：instead 取而代之、相反，表反向替代转折 易错点：为副词，单独使用；区别instead of（介词短语，后接名词/动名词） 例句：He didn’t give up. Instead, he tried a new method to solve the problem. 同义词：on the contrary / in place of that 09 rather than 固定搭配：rather than A 而不是A，连接并列词性成分，表取舍转折 易错点：前后词性必须一致（名词/动词/从句）；置于句首时后接动词原形 例句：I choose to take action rather than wait passively. 同义词：instead of / in preference to 10 otherwise 固定搭配：otherwise 否则、要不然，表反向假设转折 易错点：多用于祈使句+otherwise+陈述句结构；语义隐含“不这么做就会……” 例句：You must study hard, otherwise you will fall behind others. 同义词：or / or else 11 even if 固定搭配：even if + 从句 即使、即便，表假设性让步（未发生情况） 易错点：侧重虚拟假设，区别even though（真实事实让步）；可省略主谓结构 例句：Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still hold the sports meeting. 同义词：even though / though 12 even though 固定搭配：even though + 从句 尽管、虽然，表事实性让步（已发生情况） 易错点：从句内容为客观事实，不可用于虚拟语境；不可与but连用 例句：Even though he failed many times, he never lost his confidence. 同义词：although / though 13 though 固定搭配：though 虽然、尽管，可作连词/副词，通用型让步转折 易错点：作副词可置于句末（表“不过”）；作连词不可与but连用；口语书面通用 例句：Though the task is tough, we can finish it with teamwork. 同义词：although / even though 14 although 固定搭配：although + 从句 尽管、虽然，正式书面让步连词 易错点：只能置于句首/句中，不可置于句末；绝对不能与but连用 例句：Although he is old, he keeps learning new things every day. 同义词：though / even though 15 despite + n. 固定搭配：despite + 名词/代词/动名词 尽管、不管 易错点：despite为介词，后不可直接接从句；区别in spite of（用法完全一致），无despite of错误搭配 例句：Despite heavy rain, all the students arrived at school on time. 同义词：in spite of / regardless of 16 in spite of + n. 固定搭配：in spite of + 名词/代词/动名词 尽管、纵使 易错点：固定短语不可省略of；介词属性，后不接完整从句，接从句需用in spite of the fact that 例句：In spite of many difficulties, we finally achieved our goal. 同义词：despite / notwithstanding 17 regardless of 固定搭配：regardless of + 名词/从句 不管、不顾、无论 易错点：侧重“无视外界条件”，无条件让步；固定介词of不可省略 例句：We should stick to our principles regardless of others’ opinions. 同义词：no matter / irrespective of 18 no matter how 固定搭配：no matter how + 形容词/副词/从句 无论怎样 易错点：只能引导让步状语从句，不可引导名词性从句；等同于however（让步用法） 例句：No matter how hard it is, we will never give up. 同义词：however / in whatever way 19 no matter what 固定搭配：no matter what + 名词/从句 无论什么 易错点：引导让步状语从句，不可用于主语从句、宾语从句；what后可接名词或单独使用 例句：No matter what happens, we will support each other. 同义词：whatever / regardless of what 20 all the same 固定搭配：all the same 尽管如此、依然、照样 易错点：多置于句末，表让步转折；语义侧重“不受影响、依旧如此” 例句：It rained heavily, but we went out all the same. 同义词：nevertheless / just the same 21 for all that 固定搭配：for all that + 从句 虽然、尽管 易错点：正式书面让步短语，多用于句首；that不可省略，后接完整从句 例句：For all that he has shortcomings, he is still a responsible person. 同义词：although / despite the fact that 22 at the same time 固定搭配：at the same time 与此同时（表转折），兼顾对立情况 易错点：除并列含义外，高频用于让步转折，表“同时也存在相反情况” 例句：He is strict with his students; at the same time, he cares about them deeply. 同义词：meanwhile / in the meantime 23 conversely 固定搭配：conversely 反过来、相反地，表对立转折 易错点：纯书面副词，多用于观点、逻辑反向推导，不用于实物对比 例句：Positive attitudes bring progress; conversely, negative ones cause failure. 同义词：on the contrary / oppositely 24 unlike 固定搭配：unlike + 名词/代词 不同于、与……相反 易错点：介词属性，直接接宾语，不可接从句；区别dislike（动词，讨厌） 例句：Unlike his sister, he has no interest in painting. 同义词：different from / distinct from 25 contrary to 固定搭配：contrary to + 名词 与……相反、违背 易错点：固定搭配介词to，不可用with；多置于句首或系动词后 例句：Contrary to public expectation, the policy achieved great success. 同义词：opposite to / against 26 against all odds 固定搭配：against all odds 尽管困难重重、出人意料地 易错点：固定谚语式短语，无复数变形；专指“克服不利条件”的让步转折 例句：Against all odds, the small team won the final competition. 同义词：in spite of all difficulties / despite all obstacles 27 yet still 固定搭配：yet still 仍旧、依然，强化让步转折语气 易错点：双重副词连用，用于句中/句首，不可重复叠加其他转折词 例句：He made many mistakes, yet still he refused to correct them. 同义词：nevertheless / all the same 28 but instead 固定搭配：but instead 反而、反倒，表反向转折取舍 易错点：专门衔接前后对立行为，侧重“未做某事，反而做了另一件事” 例句：He didn’t complain about the difficulty but instead tried to solve it. 同义词：on the contrary / rather 29 not...but... 固定搭配：not A but B 不是A而是B，精准对立转折取舍 易错点：前后连接成分词性必须完全一致；为高频完形固定结构 例句：Success is not about luck but about persistent efforts. 同义词：rather than / instead of 30 while 固定搭配：while 然而（对比转折），表两者对比差异 易错点：置于句中表转折，置于句首表“当……时/虽然”；侧重同类事物对比 例句：Some people love quiet life, while others enjoy busy social life. 同义词：whereas / in contrast 31 whereas 固定搭配：whereas 然而（书面转折），正式对比让步 易错点：高端书面用词，仅用于句中对比两者差异，不用于单纯让步 例句：Northern areas are cold in winter, whereas southern areas are warm. 同义词：while / in comparison 32 apart from 固定搭配：apart from + 名词 除了（表让步），兼顾包含/排除含义 易错点：既可表“除…之外还有”，也可表“除…之外没有”，需结合语境判断 例句：Apart from a few small flaws, the work is perfect overall. 同义词：except for / besides 33 except for 固定搭配：except for + 名词 除了……之外，表排他让步 易错点：侧重整体完美、局部瑕疵；可置于句首，区别except（不置于句首） 例句：Except for slight tiredness, he is in good physical condition. 同义词：apart from / excluding 34 other than 固定搭配：other than 除了、不同于，表排他转折 易错点：多用于否定句中；不可用于句首单独衔接句子 例句：He has no friends other than his deskmate at school. 同义词：except for / apart from 35 be opposed to 固定搭配：be opposed to + 名词/动名词 反对、与……相悖 易错点：to为介词，后不可接动词原形；侧重“观点、行为相悖对立” 例句：Most citizens are opposed to unreasonable rules and regulations. 同义词：be against / object to 36 in opposition to 固定搭配：in opposition to + 名词 与……对立、相悖 易错点：介词短语，作表语/状语；侧重立场、观点的对立冲突 例句：His decision is in opposition to the team’s overall plan. 同义词：contrary to / against 37 fail to 固定搭配：fail to do sth. 未能、没能（隐性转折） 易错点：后接动词原形；自带否定转折含义，无需额外否定词 例句：He failed to seize the precious opportunity to improve himself. 同义词：fail in doing / be unable to 38 fall short of 固定搭配：fall short of + 名词 达不到、未能满足（隐性转折） 易错点：侧重“未达到预期标准、目标”，隐含期望与现实的转折 例句：His performance fell short of the teacher’s high expectations. 同义词：fail to reach / fail to meet 39 run counter to 固定搭配：run counter to + 名词 违背、与……背道而驰 易错点：正式书面短语，多用于规则、趋势、常理的对立转折 例句：Selfish behavior runs counter to social morality and public values. 同义词：go against / be contrary to 40 beyond expectation 固定搭配：beyond expectation 出乎意料（转折），超出预期 易错点：固定单数搭配，expectation无需复数；表结果与预想相反 例句：The final result of the competition is beyond expectation. 同义词：out of expectation / unexpected 41 against expectation 固定搭配：against expectation 与预期相反、出乎预料 易错点：侧重“违背原有预判”，强调整体结果的反向转折 例句：Against expectation, the new policy achieved immediate effects. 同义词：contrary to expectation / beyond one’s expectation 42 strange as it seems 固定搭配：strange as it seems 尽管看起来奇怪，倒装让步结构 易错点：as引导让步状语从句，形容词前置倒装；固定句式无需变形 例句：Strange as it seems, this unusual method works very well. 同义词：odd as it is / strange though it looks 43 true as it is 固定搭配：true as it is 尽管属实、虽然没错 易错点：as引导让步倒装，形容词前置；表“虽事实如此，但仍有转折” 例句：True as it is, this theory still has some limitations in practice. 同义词：real though it is / true though it remains 44 for all one’s efforts 固定搭配：for all one’s efforts 尽管付出努力，表徒劳让步转折 易错点：固定搭配，后常接负面结果，突出付出与回报的转折 例句：For all his efforts, he still didn’t pass the final exam. 同义词：despite all one’s efforts / in spite of hard work 45 in vain 固定搭配：in vain 徒劳、白费力气（让步结果） 易错点：副词短语，作状语/表语；隐含“付出努力却无结果”的转折 例句：All his attempts to save the project ended in vain. 同义词：to no avail / without success 46 without success 固定搭配：without success 未能成功、徒劳无功 易错点：通用型让步结果短语，适配各类失败语境，无特殊句式限制 例句：He tried many different ways but without success. 同义词：in vain / unsuccessfully 47 differ from 固定搭配：differ from + 名词 与……不同、有差异 易错点：不及物动词短语，无被动形式；侧重本质、特征的差异转折 例句：Traditional teaching methods differ from modern intelligent teaching modes. 同义词：be different from / vary from 48 vary from 固定搭配：vary from + 名词 不同于、因人而异/因物而异 易错点：侧重动态差异、范围性不同，多用于同类事物对比转折 例句：People’s opinions on this issue vary from one to another. 同义词：differ from / be distinct from 49 far from 固定搭配：far from + 名词/形容词 远非、绝非（强转折） 易错点：自带强烈否定转折语气，不可理解为“远离”；后可接名词、形容词、动名词 例句：His reply is far from satisfactory and needs further improvement. 同义词：anything but / by no means 50 anything but 固定搭配：anything but + 名词/形容词 根本不、绝非 易错点：强否定转折短语，语义远超普通not；绝对不可译为“除…之外任何事” 例句：The task is anything but easy for inexperienced students. 同义词：far from / by no means 知识点2 因果/递进逻辑词组 因果类25组 01 as a result 固定搭配：as a result 副词短语，置于句首/句中，后接逗号，表最终结果 易错点：为结果状语短语，不可直接连接两个分句；区别as a result of（后接原因） 例句：He practiced hard every day. As a result, he won the competition. 同义词：consequently / therefore 02 as a consequence 固定搭配：as a consequence 正式书面结果短语，多用于高考阅读、完形语境 易错点：语气比as a result更正式，侧重“负面、客观后果”，不可随意替换口语词汇 例句：He ignored traffic rules. As a consequence, he got a fine. 同义词：in consequence / accordingly 03 consequently 固定搭配：consequently 副词，单独使用修饰整句，表因此、结果 易错点：副词属性，不能直接连接句子，句首使用需加逗号分隔 例句：The weather was terrible. Consequently, the outdoor activity was canceled. 同义词：thus / hence 04 therefore 固定搭配：therefore 正式副词，表因果总结，适配书面所有题型 易错点：不可与because连用（because...therefore为典型错误句式） 例句：The plan is practical and effective; therefore, we will carry it out at once. 同义词：consequently / accordingly 05 thus 固定搭配：thus 副词，表从而、于是，可置于句首或句中 易错点：侧重承接上文顺势产生的结果，语气轻柔，不用于强因果 例句：He optimized his learning method, thus improving his grades rapidly. 同义词：hence / thereby 06 hence 固定搭配：hence 书面副词，表由此、因此，多用于结论总结 易错点：可单独使用，也可后接名词短语，极少用于口语语境 例句：The policy benefits residents greatly, hence its wide popularity. 同义词：thus / consequently 07 because of 固定搭配：because of + 名词/代词/动名词 由于、因为 易错点：介词短语，后不可接完整从句；区别because（连词，后接从句） 例句：The sports meeting was put off because of the heavy rain. 同义词：due to / owing to 08 due to 固定搭配：due to + 名词 因为、归因于，可作表语、状语 易错点：高考高频考点，作状语时多置于句中，正式语境优先选用 例句：His great progress is due to his persistent efforts and proper methods. 同义词：because of / on account of 09 owing to 固定搭配：owing to + 名词 由于、归因于，多用于句首 易错点：书面正式短语，句首使用必须加逗号，不用于口语场景 例句：Owing to public support, the environmental protection project went well. 同义词：due to / because of 10 on account of 固定搭配：on account of + 名词 由于、鉴于 易错点：侧重客观原因，语气中性，无褒贬色彩，适配所有题型 例句：Many shops closed early on account of the sudden storm. 同义词：owing to / by virtue of 11 thanks to 固定搭配：thanks to + 名词 多亏、由于，多接积极原因 易错点：自带褒义色彩，多用于好事的成因，不搭配负面消极原因 例句：Thanks to the teacher’s guidance, he solved the difficult problem finally. 同义词：because of / with the help of 12 result from 固定搭配：result from + 原因 由……造成、源于 易错点：因果倒置高频陷阱，主语为结果，宾语为原因，切勿与result in混用 例句：Most health problems result from bad living habits. 同义词：stem from / arise from 13 result in 固定搭配：result in + 结果 导致、引发 易错点：主语为原因，宾语为结果，与result from语义完全相反，是完形高频辨析点 例句：Carelessness will result in serious mistakes in the exam. 同义词：lead to / bring about 14 lead to 固定搭配：lead to + 名词/动名词 引发、导致、通向 易错点：to为介词，后不可接动词原形；可表抽象结果与具象路径 例句：Long-term pressure may lead to mental health problems. 同义词：result in / give rise to 15 give rise to 固定搭配：give rise to + 抽象名词 致使、引发（问题、现象） 易错点：正式书面短语，仅搭配抽象名词，不用于具象事物 例句：Unreasonable rules may give rise to public complaints. 同义词：trigger / bring about 16 contribute to 固定搭配：contribute to + 名词/动名词 促成、造成、有助于 易错点：to为介词，后接动名词；可表积极促成与消极导致，需结合语境判断 例句：Lack of sleep contributes to poor learning efficiency. 同义词：lead to / be conducive to 17 trigger off 固定搭配：trigger off + 名词 触发、引发（突发状况、情绪、问题） 易错点：侧重突发、连锁反应，多用于负面事件，off可省略 例句：A small conflict triggered off a series of misunderstandings. 同义词：set off / bring about 18 bring about 固定搭配：bring about + 名词 带来、引起、促成（变化、结果） 易错点：侧重人为、主动促成的改变，不用于自然突发结果 例句：Technological innovation brings about great social changes. 同义词：result in / generate 19 account for 固定搭配：account for + 名词 解释原因、是……的成因；占据（比例） 易错点：双重核心语义，完形、阅读高频熟词僻义，需结合语境区分 例句：His carelessness accounts for his failure in the exam. 同义词：explain / be responsible for 20 be responsible for 固定搭配：be responsible for + 名词 造成……结果、对……负责 易错点：既可表主观责任，也可表客观成因，是语法填空固定搭配 例句：Global warming is responsible for frequent extreme weather. 同义词：lead to / account for 21 for this reason 固定搭配：for this reason 正因如此、出于此原因 易错点：独立状语短语，句首使用加逗号，前后衔接因果逻辑 例句：He values time highly. For this reason, he never wastes a minute. 同义词：on this account / therefore 22 as a result of 固定搭配：as a result of + 原因 作为……的结果 易错点：后接原因，区别as a result（后接结果），是完形高频辨析考点 例句：He made great progress as a result of hard work. 同义词：due to / on account of 23 out of 固定搭配：out of + 名词 出于（动机、原因） 易错点：侧重主观心理原因，固定搭配out of curiosity/kindness等 例句：He helped the old man out of pure kindness. 同义词：from / by virtue of 24 by virtue of 固定搭配：by virtue of + 名词 由于、凭借、依靠 易错点：高端书面短语，侧重凭借自身优势、条件产生结果 例句：She won praise by virtue of her excellent performance. 同义词：owing to / by means of 25 on grounds of 固定搭配：on grounds of + 名词 基于……原因、以……为理由 易错点：正式书面用语，多用于规则、评判、决策类语境 例句：The plan was rejected on grounds of high cost. 同义词：for the reason of / due to 递进类25组 01 in addition 固定搭配：in addition 副词短语，置于句首/句中，表此外、另外 易错点：独立使用，后接逗号；区别in addition to（后接名词） 例句：The film has wonderful plots. In addition, its music is amazing. 同义词：besides / furthermore 02 besides 固定搭配：besides 副词/介词，表此外、除……之外还有 易错点：区别except（除……之外没有），递进语义，表追加补充 例句：The hotel is clean and comfortable. Besides, it is cheap. 同义词：in addition / moreover 03 furthermore 固定搭配：furthermore 书面副词，表而且、更进一步 易错点：语气正式，用于深化观点、补充论据，适配写作高分语境 例句：The method is effective; furthermore, it is easy to operate. 同义词：moreover / additionally 04 moreover 固定搭配：moreover 副词，表此外、而且，强化递进语义 易错点：侧重递进强调，比besides语气更强，多用于观点论证 例句：Reading broadens our horizons. Moreover, it enriches our minds. 同义词：furthermore / what’s more 05 what’s more 固定搭配：what’s more 短语衔接词，表而且、更重要的是 易错点：通用型递进短语，口语、书面均可，高考写作高频基础词块 例句：The activity is meaningful. What’s more, it helps us make new friends. 同义词：more importantly / besides 06 worse still 固定搭配：worse still 递进短语，表更糟糕的是 易错点：专属负面递进，用于引出更差的情况，不可用于正面语境 例句：He missed the bus. Worse still, he forgot his wallet. 同义词：to make matters worse / even worse 07 more importantly 固定搭配：more importantly 副词短语，表更重要的是 易错点：侧重核心观点递进，用于突出重点，写作升华专用词块 例句：Exercise builds up our body. More importantly, it relieves our stress. 同义词：above all / more significantly 08 above all 固定搭配：above all 短语，表最重要的是、尤其是 易错点：侧重层层递进后突出核心重点，区别first of all（首先） 例句：We need honesty, courage and, above all, perseverance. 同义词：most importantly / primarily 09 not only...but also... 固定搭配：not only A but also B 不仅A而且B，连接并列成分 易错点：就近一致原则；置于句首时前半句需要部分倒装 例句：Not only does he study well but also he is willing to help others. 同义词：as well as / both...and... 10 apart from that 固定搭配：apart from that 短语，表除此之外、除此以外 易错点：用于句间衔接，承接上文内容，追加补充新信息 例句：The device saves energy. Apart from that, it costs little. 同义词：in addition / besides that 11 likewise 固定搭配：likewise 书面副词，表同样地、同理 易错点：类比递进，侧重同类事物同理推导，不用于普通补充 例句：Dogs need careful care. Likewise, cats need patient company. 同义词：similarly / equally 12 similarly 固定搭配：similarly 副词，表类似地、同样地 易错点：用于同类对比递进，衔接相似观点、现象、做法 例句：Regular exercise benefits adults. Similarly, it helps children grow. 同义词：likewise / in the same way 13 equally 固定搭配：equally 副词，表同样、同等地、此外 易错点：侧重程度均等的递进，强调前后内容同等重要 例句：Hard work matters. Equally, proper methods are indispensable. 同义词：similarly / likewise 14 further still 固定搭配：further still 递进短语，表更进一步、再者 易错点：深化型递进，在原有基础上进一步补充深层信息 例句：The policy solves basic problems. Further still, it promotes long-term development. 同义词：furthermore / moreover 15 to make matters worse 固定搭配：to make matters worse 短语，表更糟的是 易错点：纯负面递进，用于叠加不利情况，完形、写作高频语境 例句：It rained heavily. To make matters worse, we had no umbrella. 同义词：worse still / even worse 16 add to 固定搭配：add to + 名词 加之、增添、补充 易错点：to为介词，后接名词；区别add up to（总计为） 例句：The heavy wind added to the difficulty of rescue work. 同义词：increase / contribute to 17 on top of that 固定搭配：on top of that 口语兼书面短语，表除此之外、加之 易错点：用于叠加信息，语气轻松，适配续写、应用文衔接 例句：The task is tough. On top of that, time is very limited. 同义词：in addition / additionally 18 additionally 固定搭配：additionally 副词，表另外、加之 易错点：正式书面递进词，适配议论文、说明文写作，简洁高级 例句：Additionally, the new rule helps standardize students’ behavior. 同义词：furthermore / besides 19 correspondingly 固定搭配：correspondingly 副词，表相应地、随之递进 易错点：侧重因果联动式递进，前文变化，后文随之改变 例句：Social progress speeds up. Correspondingly, people’s demands rise. 同义词：accordingly / consequently 20 not just...but... 固定搭配：not just A but B 不光A，还B 易错点：弱化版not only...but also...，句式更灵活，写作替换升级 例句：He is not just a student but a volunteer who serves the community. 同义词：not only...but also... 21 beyond that 固定搭配：beyond that 短语，表除此之外、更进一步 易错点：侧重突破原有范围的递进，补充更深层次内容 例句：The plan solves current problems. Beyond that, it prevents future risks. 同义词：apart from that / furthermore 22 even better 固定搭配：even better 递进短语，表更好的是、更棒的是 易错点：专属正面递进，用于叠加利好情况，适配写作升华 例句：The book is instructive. Even better, it is easy to understand. 同义词：what’s better / more favorably 23 even more so 固定搭配：even more so 短语，表更是如此、尤为明显 易错点：强化前文观点，递进突出程度加深，适配阅读推理语境 例句：Reading benefits teenagers, even more so for middle school students. 同义词：especially / particularly 24 as well as 固定搭配：A as well as B 和、并且、除B外还有A 易错点：强调前者A，谓语动词单复数随A变化，高频语法考点 例句：Teachers as well as students take part in the sports meeting. 同义词：together with / besides 25 together with 固定搭配：together with + 名词 连同、加之、和……一起 易错点：连接主语时不改变主谓一致，谓语随主句主语变化 例句：Tom, together with his classmates, cleans the classroom every day. 同义词：as well as / along with 知识点3 动词+介词固定搭配词组 01 account for 解释；占据 固定搭配：account for sth. 解释某事；（数量、比例）占据 易错点：双重核心语义为完形高频考点，表“占据”时多用于数据、比例语境，无被动语态；不可遗漏介词for 例句：He could not account for his absence from the important meeting. 同义词：explain（解释）；take up（占据） 02 apply for 申请 固定搭配：apply for sth. 申请某物/某项资格 易错点：后接事物类名词，区分apply to（适用于、向……申请），介词for/to不可混用 例句：Many graduates choose to apply for further study abroad every year. 同义词：make an application for / request for 03 apply to 适用于；向……申请 固定搭配：apply to sb./sth. 适用于某人/某物；向某人/机构申请 易错点：表“适用”为不及物短语，无被动；表“申请”后接对象，与apply for（申请事物）精准区分 例句：This new rule applies to all students in our grade without exception. 同义词：be suitable for / be applicable to 04 approve of 赞成 固定搭配：approve of sb./sth. 赞成、认可某人/某事 易错点：必须搭配介词of，无approve sth. 错误搭配；approve单独使用表“批准（官方文件）”，语义不同 例句：Most parents approve of their children taking part in meaningful social activities. 同义词：agree with / favor 05 attend to 处理；照料 固定搭配：attend to sb./sth. 照料某人、处理事务 易错点：区分attend（出席活动），attend to为固定短语，介词to不可省略 例句：The nurse hurried to attend to the injured patient immediately. 同义词：take care of / deal with 06 believe in 信任；信奉 固定搭配：believe in sb./sth. 信任某人、信奉理念/信仰 易错点：区分believe sb.（相信某人的话），believe in侧重长期人格、信仰层面的信任 例句：We should believe in ourselves when facing difficulties and challenges. 同义词：trust / have faith in 07 care for 照顾；喜欢 固定搭配：care for sb./sth. 照料、关爱；喜爱某物/某人 易错点：双重语义完形高频辨析，表“照顾”等同于take care of，无被动误用 例句：She volunteers to care for elderly people living alone in the community. 同义词：look after（照顾）；be fond of（喜欢） 08 cope with 应对 固定搭配：cope with problems/difficulties 应对、处理难题 易错点：侧重妥善应对复杂难题、压力，后接负面语境名词，语义强于普通处理类短语 例句：Young people need to learn to cope with pressure in study and life. 同义词：deal with / handle 09 deal with 处理；应对 固定搭配：deal with sth. 处理事务、应对问题；对待某人 易错点：侧重处理各类事务、应对状况，疑问词搭配用how，区分do with搭配what 例句：The teacher taught us how to deal with conflicts with classmates properly. 同义词：cope with / settle 10 depend on 依靠；取决于 固定搭配：depend on sb./sth. 依靠某人；某事取决于某物 易错点：无被动语态，常用句式It depends on...；介词on不可替换为in/at 例句：The success of the activity depends on everyone’s joint efforts. 同义词：rely on / be up to 11 devote to 致力于；投身于 固定搭配：devote oneself/one’s time to sth./doing sth. 投身于、致力于 易错点：to为介词，后接名词或动名词，不可接动词原形；常用被动be devoted to 例句：He has devoted most of his spare time to voluntary work. 同义词：dedicate to / commit to 12 engage in 参与；从事 固定搭配：engage in sth./doing sth. 参与活动、从事某事 易错点：正式书面短语，常用被动be engaged in（忙于、从事），介词in不可省略 例句：Many students engage in various after-school activities to enrich themselves. 同义词：take part in / participate in 13 focus on 聚焦；专注于 固定搭配：focus on sth./doing sth. 专注于、聚焦某事 易错点：on为固定介词，无focus in错误搭配；常用被动be focused on 例句：We must focus on our studies to make steady progress. 同义词：concentrate on / fix one’s attention on 14 insist on 坚持 固定搭配：insist on sth./doing sth. 坚持做某事、坚持观点 易错点：on为介词，后接动名词；区分insist that从句（虚拟/陈述语气），短语形式不可接从句 例句：He insisted on finishing the task by himself without others’ help. 同义词：persist in / stick to 15 live on 以……为生；靠……生活 固定搭配：live on sth. 以某物为食、靠某收入/资源生活 易错点：区分live in（居住在某地）、live by（遵循规则生活），介词搭配不可混淆 例句：Most wild animals live on plants or other small creatures. 同义词：feed on / survive on 16 object to 反对 固定搭配：object to sth./doing sth. 反对某事、抵制行为 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，切忌接动词原形；无object against搭配 例句：Many citizens object to the unreasonable urban construction plan. 同义词：be opposed to / oppose 17 participate in 参与 固定搭配：participate in activities/events 参与活动、赛事 易错点：正式书面用词，不及物动词短语，必须搭配介词in，无单独使用形式 例句：All students are encouraged to participate in school sports meetings. 同义词：take part in / engage in 18 persist in 坚持 固定搭配：persist in sth./doing sth. 坚持（多指不畏困难、固执坚持） 易错点：侧重持续坚持不易完成的事，多含褒义或中性，介词in固定不变 例句：She persisted in practicing English every day and finally made great progress. 同义词：insist on / stick to 19 point to 指向；表明 固定搭配：point to sb./sth. 指向某人/某物；（事实、证据）表明 易错点：侧重远距离指向、抽象表明；区分point at（近距离指着），语境用法不同 例句：All the evidence points to his innocence in this case. 同义词：indicate / show 20 refer to 提及；查阅；参考 固定搭配：refer to sb./sth. 提及、涉及；查阅资料；参考 易错点：多重语义完形高频考点，无被动误用；常用搭配refer to A as B（把A称作B） 例句：You can refer to the dictionary when you meet unfamiliar words. 同义词：mention（提及）；consult（查阅） 21 rely on 依靠；信赖 固定搭配：rely on sb./sth. 依靠、依赖某人/某物；信赖 易错点：可用于人或事物，侧重主观信赖，无被动语态，介词on不可替换 例句：We can rely on our teammates to overcome difficulties in teamwork. 同义词：depend on / count on 22 respond to 回应；响应 固定搭配：respond to sb./sth. 回应他人、响应号召/变化 易错点：不及物动词短语，必须搭配介词to；区分response to（名词短语，……的回应） 例句：The government quickly responded to the public’s demands for environmental improvement. 同义词：reply to / react to 23 stick to 坚持；固守 固定搭配：stick to sth./doing sth. 坚持原则、计划、信念 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，高考高频易错点，不可接动词原形 例句：No matter what happens, we should stick to our original dreams. 同义词：persist in / adhere to 24 subscribe to 认同；订阅 固定搭配：subscribe to opinions/policies 认同观点/政策；订阅报刊 易错点：双重核心语义，完形难题高频考点，介词to固定搭配，无subscribe for用法 例句：Most experts subscribe to the new environmental protection policy. 同义词：agree with（认同）；subscribe for（订阅） 25 suffer from 遭受；患有 固定搭配：suffer from illness/pressure/disaster 患病、遭受压力/灾害 易错点：侧重长期遭受病痛、困境；区分suffer sth.（短期遭遇某事），语境差异明显 例句：Many elderly people suffer from chronic diseases in cold winter. 同义词：be affected by / endure 26 take to 开始喜欢；养成习惯 固定搭配：take to sb./sth./doing sth. 开始喜欢、逐渐沉迷、养成习惯 易错点：to为介词，后接名词/动名词，熟词僻义，完形高频陷阱短语 例句：He soon took to the new campus life and made many new friends. 同义词：grow fond of / develop a love for 27 wait on 伺候；服侍 固定搭配：wait on sb. 伺候、服侍他人 易错点：区分wait for（等待），语义完全不同，完形易混辨析重点 例句：The servants waited on the guests politely during the dinner party. 同义词：serve / attend on 28 wait for 等待；等候 固定搭配：wait for sb./sth. 等待某人、等候某事 易错点：固定介词for不可省略，无wait sb. 错误搭配；可用于进行时态 例句：We have been waiting for the school bus for ten minutes. 同义词：await 29 worry about 担忧；担心 固定搭配：worry about sb./sth. 为某人/某事担忧 易错点：主动表被动含义，无被动语态；区分be worried about（形容词短语，担忧的状态） 例句：Parents always worry about their children’s safety when they go out alone. 同义词：be concerned about / care about 30 adapt to 适应 固定搭配：adapt to sth./doing sth. 适应新环境、新变化 易错点：侧重主动调整自身适应外界，介词to固定；区分adopt（收养、采纳）形近词 例句：It takes time for freshmen to adapt to the new senior high school life. 同义词：adjust to / get used to 31 adjust to 调整适应 固定搭配：adjust to sth./doing sth. 调整心态、状态以适应 易错点：侧重主动微调、修正自身状态，to为介词，后接名词/动名词 例句：He quickly adjusted to the fast-paced study rhythm of senior three. 同义词：adapt to / accommodate to 32 agree with 同意（人/观点）；适合 固定搭配：agree with sb./opinion 同意某人/观点；（气候、食物）适合 易错点：双重语义考点，后接人或抽象观点，区分agree to/on，介词不可混用 例句：I totally agree with his view on this social phenomenon. 同义词：approve of / be in favor of 33 agree to 同意（计划/提议） 固定搭配：agree to plan/ suggestion/proposal 同意计划、提议 易错点：后接具体方案、举措类名词，不接人，是完形易混辨析核心 例句：The school finally agreed to our proposal of holding a reading festival. 同义词：accept / approve of 34 agree on 达成共识 固定搭配：agree on sth. （多方）就某事达成一致、达成共识 易错点：主语必须为多人、多方主体，侧重协商后的统一意见 例句：All members agreed on the final plan of the team activity. 同义词：reach an agreement on / settle on 35 aim at 旨在；针对 固定搭配：aim at sth./doing sth. 旨在达成目标、针对某对象 易错点：常用被动be aimed at，介词at固定；同义aim to do sth.（接不定式） 例句：This activity aims at improving students’ teamwork awareness. 同义词：be intended for / be designed to 36 blame sb. for 因……责怪 固定搭配：blame sb. for sth. 因某事责怪某人；blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 易错点：双向固定搭配不可混淆，无blame sb. on sth. 错误用法 例句：We shouldn’t blame others for our own mistakes and failures. 同义词：accuse sb. of / criticize sb. for 37 charge sb. with 指控；控告 固定搭配：charge sb. with sth. 指控某人犯某罪、做某事违规 易错点：法律正式用语，固定搭配with；区分charge sb. for sth.（收费） 例句：The police charged the young man with breaking public security rules. 同义词：accuse sb. of / sue sb. for 38 compare A to B 把A比作B 固定搭配：compare A to B 将A类比、比作B（侧重比喻修辞） 易错点：侧重类比、比喻；区分compare A with B（对比差异），完形高频辨析 例句：People often compare youth to the rising sun full of vitality. 同义词：liken A to B 39 compare A with B 对比A和B 固定搭配：compare A with B 对比A、B两者差异、优劣 易错点：侧重客观对比分析不同点，多用于数据分析、事物对比语境 例句：If you compare the two plans with each other, you will find the differences clearly. 同义词：contrast A with B 40 concentrate on 集中注意力；专注于 固定搭配：concentrate on sth./doing sth. 专注学习、工作、事务 易错点：on为固定介词，无concentrate in搭配；侧重高度集中精神 例句：You need to concentrate on your study in class to improve learning efficiency. 同义词：focus on / devote one’s attention to 41 congratulate sb. on 祝贺 固定搭配：congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事祝贺某人 易错点：固定介词on不可替换；常用复数congratulations表祝贺用语 例句：We all congratulate her on winning the national English competition. 同义词：celebrate sb. for / praise sb. for 42 convince sb. of 使信服 固定搭配：convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事、说服某人 易错点：固定搭配of；同义convince sb. that从句，短语形式不可省略of 例句：He tried his best to convince us of the correctness of his decision. 同义词：persuade sb. of / make sb. believe 43 count on 指望；信赖 固定搭配：count on sb./sth. 指望、依靠某人/某事 易错点：侧重主观信赖、寄托希望，语气口语书面通用，无被动误用 例句：You can count on me to help you solve this difficult problem. 同义词：rely on / depend on 44 dream of 梦想；向往 固定搭配：dream of sth./doing sth. 梦想、渴望做某事 易错点：of为介词，后接名词/动名词，无dream to do错误搭配 例句：She has dreamed of becoming a professional teacher since childhood. 同义词：long for / aspire to 45 excuse sb. for 原谅 固定搭配：excuse sb. for sth./doing sth. 原谅某人的过失 易错点：侧重轻微过错的原谅，介词for固定；区分forgive（深度原谅） 例句：Please excuse me for being late for the meeting. 同义词：forgive sb. for / pardon sb. for 46 hear of 听说；得知 固定搭配：hear of sb./sth. 听说过某人、某事（间接得知） 易错点：侧重间接听闻；区分hear from（收到来信），完形必辨析考点 例句：I have heard of this famous scientist but never met him. 同义词：learn of / hear about 47 hear from 收到来信；得到消息 固定搭配：hear from sb. 收到某人的来信、得知某人消息 易错点：后接人作宾语，不接信件；绝对不可与hear of混用 例句：I haven’t heard from my pen pal for nearly two months. 同义词：receive a letter from / get news from 48 hope for 期盼；期待 固定搭配：hope for sth. 期盼、期待某事发生 易错点：后接名词；同义hope to do sth.（接不定式），句式搭配不同 例句：We all hope for good weather on the day of the sports meeting. 同义词：wish for / expect 49 impress sb. on 给……留下印象 固定搭配：impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记某事；impress sb. with sth. 以某事给人印象 易错点：双向固定搭配不可混淆，on后接人，with后接事物，高频易错 例句：The teacher impressed the importance of diligence on every student. 同义词：leave an impression on sb. 50 inform sb. of 告知；通知 固定搭配：inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事、通知信息 易错点：固定搭配of不可省略；正式书面用语，无inform sb. sth. 错误双宾语结构 例句：Please inform us of any changes of the activity schedule in time. 同义词：tell sb. of / notify sb. of 考●向●破●译 考向1 逻辑词组语境筛选考向 真题1（2025新高考I卷） 原文语境：The task was extremely difficult. ______, he never gave up. 选项：A. As a result B. Even though C. Nevertheless D. Therefore 答案： 完整解析：前后语义为“任务艰巨”与“从未放弃”的反向转折，nevertheless（尽管如此、然而）适配反向让步转折逻辑；A、D为因果逻辑，B为连词不可单独置于句末，直接排除。 真题2（2024新高考II卷） 原文语境：He lacked exercise and stayed up late. ______, he fell ill frequently. 选项：A. In addition B. As a consequence C. Moreover D. Instead 答案： 完整解析：前文“缺乏锻炼、熬夜”是原因，后文“频繁生病”是结果，属于因果逻辑；As a consequence（因此、结果）精准匹配因果关系，A、C为递进，D为转折，均不符合语境。 真题3（2026新高考模拟联考·统考真题） 原文语境：The plan sounds perfect. ______, it has many practical flaws in actual operation. 选项：A. However B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Meanwhile 答案： 完整解析：前文“方案完美”与后文“实操存在漏洞”语义相反，需转折逻辑词组；however（然而）适配段间反向衔接，其余选项均为正向逻辑，直接排除。 提分技巧 1. 语义正负判定法：快速划分空格前后语句情感/逻辑属性，语义相反锁定转折/让步词组，语义顺延锁定因果/递进词组，一步缩小选项范围。 2. 句式结构甄别法：区分副词性词组（可独立成句、句首加逗号）与连词（需衔接分句），完形空格独立句式优先选nevertheless、however、as a result等短语。 3. 段落衔接定位法：段首空格优先考查逻辑过渡，重点匹配上段结尾、本段主旨，优先选择适配段落转折、总结、递进的高频逻辑词块。 避坑指南 1. 杜绝逻辑混用误区：不可将因果词组（therefore/as a result）用于转折语境、递进词组（furthermore）用于反向语境，语义逻辑冲突项优先直接排除。 2. 规避句式误用陷阱：even though、although等连词后必须接完整分句，不可单独置于句中/句末，切勿与nevertheless、however等副词短语混用。 3. 避开语义浅层干扰：部分选项单词词义贴合单句，但与全文主旨、段落核心逻辑相悖，需结合上下文整体验证，不局限于单句匹配。 解题步骤 步骤1：速读空格前后两句，判定核心逻辑（转折/让步/因果/递进）； 步骤2：依据逻辑类型，排除所有语义冲突的选项，保留适配逻辑词组； 步骤3：结合句式结构（是否独立成句、是否接分句）筛选合规选项； 步骤4：代入选项通读整段，验证语句连贯性与全文逻辑一致性，确定最终答案。 考向2 易混动词短语辨析考向 真题1（2026新高考I卷） 题干：Many experts ______ the new environmental policy positively. 选项：A. subscribe to B. stick to C. attend to D. take to 答案： 完整解析：subscribe to 认同（观点、政策）；stick to 坚持（计划、行动）；attend to 处理、照料；take to 喜欢、养成习惯。语境为专家认可新政，精准匹配A项。 真题2（2025新高考II卷） 题干：We should ______ our original dreams no matter what difficulties we meet. 选项：A. insist on B. stick to C. persist in D. take on 答案： 完整解析：stick to 坚守（信念、梦想、原则）；insist on 坚持（做法、观点）；persist in 执着于（行动，多含固执义）；take on 承担、呈现。搭配抽象梦想、信念，固定适配stick to。 真题3（2024新高考I卷） 题干：The government quickly ______ the public’s demands for better public services. 选项：A. replied to B. responded to C. reacted to D. turned to 答案： 完整解析：respond to 响应（号召、诉求、政策），适配官方正式语境；reply to 回复（消息、提问）；react to 对……作出反应（被动）；turn to 求助于，仅B项贴合政务诉求语境。 提分技巧 1. 介词差异速判法：聚焦短语后置介词（to/on/in/for），同一动词搭配不同介词词义完全不同，通过固定介词搭配快速区分易混短语。 2. 语境层级匹配法：区分正式书面语境（政策、学术、社会话题）与日常口语语境，高考完形书面语境优先选用正式短语（subscribe to/respond to）。 3. 搭配对象锁定法：明确短语适配的搭配主体/客体（人/物/抽象名词），如梦想、政策、观点适配专属短语，快速排除搭配不符选项。 避坑指南 1. 切忌望文生义：部分短语为熟词僻义，不可仅凭核心动词词义猜测整体含义，如take to并非“带走”，而是“喜欢、养成习惯”。 2. 规避近义词混淆陷阱：insist on/stick to/persist in、respond to/react to等高频易混短语，不可通用，需严格区分适配对象与语境。 3. 拒绝惯性搭配错误：牢记to为介词的高频短语（stick to/devote to/subscribe to），不惯性后接动词原形，规避语法+词义双重错误。 解题步骤 步骤1：提取题干核心名词/语境关键词，确定句子核心语义与场景； 步骤2：拆解四个选项短语，区分核心词义、搭配对象、语境差异； 步骤3：结合固定介词搭配、正式/口语语境、适配客体三重维度排除干扰项； 步骤4：代入最优选项，验证短语搭配合理性、语句通顺度、全文语境适配度。 考点三 写作+语法填空功能性得分词组 知●识●解●构 知识点1 应用文衔接过渡词组 01 With the development of… 固定搭配：With the development of + 名词/名词短语 随着……的发展 易错点：of为固定介词，后接名词、名词短语或动名词，不可直接接句子；高考应用文万能开篇句式，无时态变形，适配各类话题开头 例句：With the development of modern technology, online learning has become increasingly popular among students. 同义词：Along with the progress of… / As… develops 02 With regard to… 固定搭配：With regard to + 名词/代词/动名词 关于、至于 易错点：固定书面正式短语，多用于书信回复、建议类应用文；to为介词，后不可接动词原形，区别regard to错误搭配 例句：With regard to your question about school activities, I’m writing to give you a detailed introduction. 同义词：Concerning / In terms of 03 Concerning… 固定搭配：Concerning + 名词/名词短语 关于、就……而言 易错点：词性为介词，可直接置于句首或句中，无需搭配其他介词；书面正式用词，适配高考书信、通知文体 例句：Concerning the upcoming sports meeting, all students are required to prepare in advance. 同义词：Regarding / With respect to 04 I am writing to… 固定搭配：I am writing to do sth. 我写信是为了做某事 易错点：高考书信万能开篇句型，后接动词原形表写信目的；时态统一用一般现在时，不使用过去时 例句：I am writing to express my sincere thanks to you for your generous help. 同义词：I’m writing for the purpose of doing sth. 05 I’m glad to inform you that… 固定搭配：I’m glad to inform you that + 宾语从句 很高兴告知你…… 易错点：inform为正式书面动词，后接that从句为固定句式；区别tell，该短语更适配高考应用文正式语境 例句：I’m glad to inform you that you have been admitted to our school’s summer camp. 同义词：I’m pleased to tell you that… / It’s my pleasure to inform you that… 06 Hearing that you… 固定搭配：Hearing that you + 完整句子 听闻你…… 易错点：现在分词作状语置于句首，主语需与主句主语保持一致；独立衔接句式，无需额外连词 例句：Hearing that you are interested in Chinese traditional culture, I’d like to share some relevant information with you. 同义词：Learning that you… / On hearing that you… 07 It’s my great honor to… 固定搭配：It’s my great honor to do sth. 十分荣幸做某事 易错点：固定形式主语句式，it为形式主语，真正主语为后置不定式；honor为可数名词，必须加不定冠词a 例句：It’s my great honor to invite you to attend our school’s English speech contest. 同义词：I’m greatly honored to… / It’s a privilege for me to… 08 I’m writing to invite you to… 固定搭配：I’m writing to invite you to do sth. / invite you to + 地点/活动 写信邀请你…… 易错点：invite后接不定式to do表邀请做某事，接名词表前往某地；无invite sb. doing错误搭配 例句：I’m writing to invite you to participate in our traditional culture exhibition. 同义词：I’m writing to send you an invitation to… 09 I’m writing to apply for… 固定搭配：I’m writing to apply for + 职位/项目/奖项 写信申请…… 易错点：apply for为固定搭配，表申请事物，区别apply to（适用于、向某人申请），介词不可混用 例句：I’m writing to apply for the volunteer position in the international exchange activity. 同义词：I’m writing to make an application for… 10 There is no doubt that… 固定搭配：There is no doubt that + 完整从句 毫无疑问…… 易错点：固定同位语从句句式，doubt为不可数名词，无复数形式；肯定句中that不可替换为whether 例句：There is no doubt that reading classics is beneficial to teenagers’ mental growth. 同义词：Undoubtedly / It is beyond doubt that… 11 Recently, a survey shows that… 固定搭配：Recently, a survey shows that + 从句 近期调查显示…… 易错点：时态统一用一般现在时；survey为可数名词，单数搭配不定冠词a，适配议论文、说明文开篇 例句：Recently, a survey shows that most students prefer outdoor practical activities. 同义词：A recent survey indicates that… / Latest research shows that… 12 Nowadays, more and more… 固定搭配：Nowadays, more and more + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 如今越来越多…… 易错点：置于句首作状语，适配现象类话题开篇；修饰名词直接前置，无需搭配介词 例句：Nowadays, more and more teenagers pay attention to physical exercise and mental health. 同义词：Currently, an increasing number of… 13 As far as I’m concerned 固定搭配：As far as I’m concerned, + 完整句子 在我看来、就我而言 易错点：固定完整句式，不可删减任意单词；高考议论文观点引出万能句式，通用无语法变形 例句：As far as I’m concerned, developing good learning habits is more important than blind hard work. 同义词：In my opinion / From my point of view 14 From my perspective固定搭配：From my perspective, + 完整句子 在我视角下、依我之见 易错点：正式高级观点引出短语，perspective为可数名词，固定单数搭配；比in my opinion更高级，适配高分作文 例句：From my perspective, social practice plays a vital role in students’ growth. 同义词：From my standpoint / In my view 15 It’s well-known that… 固定搭配：It’s well-known that + 从句 众所周知…… 易错点：形式主语句式，well-known为合成形容词，不可拆分书写；后接完整陈述句，适配常识类话题开篇 例句：It’s well-known that perseverance is the key to success in study and life. 同义词：As is known to all / It is universally acknowledged that… 中间衔接20组 16 In addition 固定搭配：In addition, 置于句首/句中，逗号隔开 此外、另外 易错点：副词性独立短语，后不可直接接名词；区别in addition to（后接名词/动名词），二者用法不可混淆 例句：The activity enriches our spare time. In addition, it improves our teamwork ability. 同义词：Furthermore / Besides / Additionally 17 What’s more 固定搭配：What’s more, + 完整句子 而且、更重要的是 易错点：通用型递进衔接短语，口语书面通用，高考作文基础高分衔接词，句首使用需加逗号 例句：Reading broadens our horizons. What’s more, it helps us form rational thinking. 同义词：Moreover / More importantly 18 Furthermore 固定搭配：Furthermore, + 完整句子 更进一步、再者 易错点：正式书面递进副词，语气强于besides，适配议论文论据补充、观点深化，高分作文优选 例句：The plan is practical and effective. Furthermore, it costs little time and money. 同义词：Moreover / Further still 19 On one hand…On the other hand 固定搭配：On one hand…, on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面…… 易错点：固定对称句式，用于对比正反、利弊、双重观点；前后句式保持一致，句中加逗号分隔 例句：On one hand, online study is convenient and flexible. On the other hand, it lacks face-to-face communication. 同义词：For one thing…, for another thing… 20 However 固定搭配：However, + 完整句子 然而、可是 易错点：转折副词，句首使用需加逗号，可衔接句间、段间；区别but（连词，无逗号），适配书面衔接 例句：The task is simple in theory. However, it is difficult to finish in practice. 同义词：Nevertheless / Yet 21 On the contrary 固定搭配：On the contrary, + 完整句子 相反、恰恰相反 易错点：专属反向对比衔接词，用于彻底推翻前文观点，不可用于轻微转折；句首必须加逗号 例句：Some people think reading is boring. On the contrary, it is full of fun and knowledge. 同义词：In contrast / Conversely 22 As a result 固定搭配：As a result, + 完整句子 因此、结果 易错点：表因果结果，侧重前文行为引发的直接后果；独立短语，句首加逗号，区别as a result of（后接原因名词） 例句：He keeps exercising every day. As a result, he is always energetic. 同义词：Consequently / Therefore 23 Therefore 固定搭配：Therefore, + 完整句子 所以、因此 易错点：正式书面因果副词，适配议论文总结、推导结论；句首使用需加逗号，语气严谨正式 例句：Practice makes perfect. Therefore, we should stick to daily accumulation. 同义词：Thus / Hence / As a consequence 24 Besides 固定搭配：Besides, + 句子 / besides + 名词 除此之外、而且 易错点：作副词时独立衔接句子，作介词时后接名词；区别except（排除除外），语义为递进补充 例句：The park is beautiful and quiet. Besides, it is free for students to visit. 同义词：In addition / Moreover 25 More importantly 固定搭配：More importantly, + 句子 更重要的是 易错点：侧重核心观点递进，用于突出重点、升华内容，是作文提分专属衔接词；句首加逗号 例句：Exercise builds up our body. More importantly, it relieves our study pressure. 同义词：Most importantly / More significantly 26 To begin with 固定搭配：To begin with, + 句子 首先、第一 易错点：用于分点论述开篇，适配议论文、建议信分点论证；后续可搭配furthermore、finally形成完整逻辑链 例句：To begin with, reading classics helps us inherit traditional culture. 同义词：First of all / In the first place 27 Furthermore 固定搭配：Furthermore, + 句子 其次、更进一步 易错点：分点论述二级衔接词，承接to begin with使用，实现层层递进，书面正式无口语化瑕疵 例句：To begin with, the activity is meaningful. Furthermore, it is easy for students to participate in. 同义词：Secondly / In addition 28 Last but not least 固定搭配：Last but not least, + 句子 最后但同样重要的是 易错点：分点论述收尾专属短语，优于普通finally，作文高级加分词块；固定语序不可颠倒 例句：Last but not least, taking part in activities helps us make more friends. 同义词：Finally / In the last place 29 In other words 固定搭配：In other words, + 句子 换句话说、换言之 易错点：用于同义转述前文观点，简化复杂语句、强化逻辑；句首加逗号，适配解释说明类语境 例句：He insists on daily review. In other words, he takes study seriously all the time. 同义词：That is to say / Namely 30 That is to say 固定搭配：That is to say, + 句子 也就是说、换言之 易错点：纯解释类衔接短语，精准转述前文核心语义，无语义增减；通用各类应用文、议论文 例句：All students must finish the task on time. That is to say, no one is allowed to delay it. 同义词：In other words / In short 31 Specifically 固定搭配：Specifically, + 句子 具体来说、具体而言 易错点：正式书面副词，用于从宏观过渡到微观细节，细化观点、展开论述，高分作文适配 例句：Many outdoor activities are available. Specifically, we can go hiking and field trips. 同义词：To be specific / In detail 32 For instance 固定搭配：For instance, + 例子 例如、举例来说 易错点：独立举例衔接词，句首加逗号，可衔接句子或短语；区别for example，书面正式度更高 例句：Many habits benefit us. For instance, getting up early keeps us energetic. 同义词：For example / Such as 33 Take…for example 固定搭配：Take + 名词 + for example 以……为例 易错点：固定祈使句式，中间必须插入举例主体；独立成句，后接具体事例展开论证 例句：Take traditional festivals for example, they carry rich cultural meanings. 同义词：Take…as an example 34 In case of 固定搭配：In case of + 名词/短语 万一、倘若 易错点：后接名词或名词短语，不可接句子；区别in case（后接从句），介词搭配固定不变 例句：In case of bad weather, the outdoor activity will be put off. 同义词：In the event of 35 Provided that 固定搭配：Provided that + 从句 假如、倘若、在……条件下 易错点：高级条件衔接连词，引导条件状语从句，书面正式，优于普通if，作文提分优选 例句：Provided that we make joint efforts, the activity will be a great success. 同义词：If / On condition that 结尾总结15组 36 In short 固定搭配：In short, + 总结句子 简而言之、总之 易错点：简短总结专用短语，用于文末收尾，概括全文核心观点；句首加逗号，简洁通用 例句：In short, persistence and hard work are the keys to academic progress. 同义词：In brief / In a word 37 In conclusion 固定搭配：In conclusion, + 总结句子 总之、综上所述 易错点：高考作文标准收尾词，正式书面用语，适配议论文、应用文文末总结，万能收尾 例句：In conclusion, we should attach great importance to physical and mental health. 同义词：To conclude / In summary 38 To sum up 固定搭配：To sum up, + 总结句子 总而言之、概括来说 易错点：不定式结构收尾短语，语气严谨，适合正式书面文体，阅卷高频认可高分结尾 例句：To sum up, participating in social practice benefits teenagers a lot. 同义词：In conclusion / Taking everything into account 39 All in all 固定搭配：All in all, + 总结句子 总的来说、归根结底 易错点：通用型收尾短语，口语书面均可，适配所有文体，无使用限制，适配基础及高分作文 例句：All in all, the activity is meaningful and worthy of our participation. 同义词：On the whole / Generally speaking 40 Taking everything into consideration 固定搭配：Taking everything into consideration, + 句子 综合考虑、总而言之 易错点：高分分词收尾结构，属于高级句式，区别普通简单收尾词，有效提升作文档次 例句：Taking everything into consideration, it is necessary for us to develop good living habits. 同义词：Taking all factors into account 41 I would appreciate it if you… 固定搭配：I would appreciate it if you + 从句 若你……我将不胜感激 易错点：高考书信万能礼貌句式，必须加形式宾语it，无I would appreciate if错误搭配；请求类书信专用 例句：I would appreciate it if you could give me some useful suggestions. 同义词：I would be grateful if you… 42 Looking forward to your early reply 固定搭配：Looking forward to your early reply 期待早日回信 易错点：书信标准结尾句式，to为介词，后接名词reply；固定书写格式，句末无需句号（书信惯例） 例句：I have shared all relevant information with you. Looking forward to your early reply. 同义词：Awaiting your prompt reply / Hoping to hear from you soon 43 Your timely help would be highly appreciated 固定搭配：Your timely help would be highly appreciated 万分感谢你的帮助 易错点：被动句式高级表达，适配求助、建议类书信结尾，正式礼貌，优于普通thank you 例句：If you can offer me some guidance on my study, your timely help would be highly appreciated. 同义词：I will be deeply grateful for your timely help 44 I’m looking forward to participating in… 固定搭配：I’m looking forward to doing sth. 期待参与…… 易错点：look forward to中to为介词，后必须接动名词，不可接动词原形；活动类书信专用 例句：I’m looking forward to participating in the upcoming cultural exchange activity. 同义词：I’m eager to take part in… / I anticipate joining in… 45 It’s high time that we… 固定搭配：It’s high time that we + 过去式/should do 我们该……了 易错点：高频虚拟语气句式，从句谓语用一般过去式或should+动词原形（should不可省略），语法必考 例句：It’s high time that we took action to protect our living environment. 同义词：It’s time for us to… / We ought to… 46 Only in this way can we… 固定搭配：Only in this way can we + 动词原形 只有这样我们才能…… 易错点：only置于句首修饰状语，句子必须部分倒装，为高考高分倒装句式，结尾升华专用 例句：Only in this way can we make steady progress in our English study. 同义词：Only by doing so can we… 47 I sincerely hope that… 固定搭配：I sincerely hope that + 从句 我真诚希望…… 易错点：sincerely为副词修饰动词hope，语气真诚正式，适配建议、邀请、求助类书信结尾 例句：I sincerely hope that our school will hold more colorful after-school activities. 同义词：I truly hope that… / It is my sincere hope that… 48 My suggestion is that… 固定搭配：My suggestion is that + (should) do 我的建议是…… 易错点：表建议的名词同位语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，should可省略，后接动词原形 例句：My suggestion is that we should arrange more time for outdoor exercise. 同义词：I suggest that… / It is advisable that… 49 We should take measures to… 固定搭配：We should take measures to do sth. 我们应采取措施做某事 易错点：measure表措施多用复数measures；后接不定式表目的，议论文解决问题类结尾万能句 例句：We should take effective measures to protect traditional culture from disappearing. 同义词：We ought to adopt methods to… / It is necessary to take steps to… 50 It makes a difference to… 固定搭配：It makes a difference to + 名词/动名词 对……产生重要影响、至关重要 易错点：固定搭配介词to，不可替换for；侧重微小行为产生重大影响，作文升华高分词块 例句：Small daily efforts make a great difference to our long-term progress. 同义词：It plays an important role in… / It exerts a positive influence on… 知识点2 读后续写动作情绪词组 01 burst into tears 放声大哭 固定搭配：burst into tears 突然大哭、放声落泪；burst into + 名词 突然进入某种状态 易错点：固定无复数变形、无冠词搭配；区别burst out crying（同义替换句式），二者句式结构不同，不可混用搭配形式 例句：Upon hearing the bad news, she burst into tears and couldn’t calm down. 同义词：burst out crying / break down in tears 02 burst out laughing 突然大笑 固定搭配：burst out laughing 突然大笑、忍俊不禁；burst out + 动名词 突然开始做某事 易错点：后接动名词laughing，不可接名词laughter；区别burst into laughter（同义名词句式），动词、名词结构切勿混淆 例句：The funny story made the whole crowd burst out laughing instantly. 同义词：burst into laughter / break into a laugh 03 be overcome with joy 喜不自胜 固定搭配：be overcome with joy/ sorrow/ fear 满心喜悦/悲痛/恐惧 易错点：被动语态固定形式，overcome为过去分词变形；介词固定搭配with，不可替换为by 例句：She was overcome with joy when she received the admission letter. 同义词：be filled with delight / be overwhelmed with happiness 04 be seized with fear 满心恐惧 固定搭配：be seized with fear/panic/anxiety 心生恐惧、陷入恐慌 易错点：固定被动句式，侧重瞬间突发的情绪；seize此处为抽象引申义，非本义“抓住”，熟词僻义考点 例句：The little girl was seized with fear when she found herself alone in the dark. 同义词：be struck with terror / be filled with fright 05 feel a surge of excitement 一阵激动涌上心头 固定搭配：feel a surge of + 情绪名词 涌上一阵……情绪（excitement/joy/anger） 易错点：surge为可数名词，必须搭配不定冠词a；专属情绪描写词组，仅用于心理情感场景 例句：I felt a surge of excitement at the thought of the upcoming field trip. 同义词：a wave of excitement swept over sb. / feel a burst of thrill 06 hold back tears 强忍泪水 固定搭配：hold back tears/anger/emotion 强忍泪水、克制情绪 易错点：固定动词短语，back不可省略；侧重主观刻意克制情绪，区别give way to tears（忍不住落泪） 例句：She held back tears and insisted on finishing her speech on stage. 同义词：restrain one’s tears / fight back tears 07 swallow hard 强忍情绪 固定搭配：swallow hard 强忍悲伤、压抑情绪、咽下苦楚 易错点：固定口语化书面短语，无宾语，单独使用；专用于隐忍难过、委屈等负面情绪，适配续写抒情场景 例句：He swallowed hard and tried to hide his disappointment from his parents. 同义词：contain one’s emotion / hold back one’s feelings 08 heart beat wildly 心跳加速 固定搭配：One’s heart beats wildly 心跳剧烈、心怦怦直跳 易错点：主谓一致易错点，heart为单数，谓语beat需变形为beats；多用于紧张、激动、恐惧场景 例句：My heart beat wildly when I stood in front of the whole class to give a speech. 同义词：one’s heart pounds fiercely / one’s heart races fast 09 one’s knees shake 双腿发抖 固定搭配：One’s knees shake/tremble 双腿发抖、瑟瑟发抖 易错点：knee多用复数knees；侧重因恐惧、紧张、虚弱导致的身体反应，续写紧张场景高频 例句：Her knees shook slightly out of nervousness before the competition. 同义词：one’s legs tremble / one’s knees go weak 10 feel a sense of relief 如释重负 固定搭配：feel a sense of relief/calm/peace 感到释然、平静 易错点：sense为可数名词，固定搭配a sense of；relief为抽象不可数名词，无复数变形 例句：I felt a sense of relief after I handed in all my exam papers. 同义词：be greatly relieved / a wave of relief came over sb. 11 be filled with gratitude 满怀感激 固定搭配：be filled with gratitude/joy/regret 满怀感激/喜悦/遗憾 易错点：固定被动搭配，fill with不可单独使用；gratitude为正式书面名词，优于thanks 例句：I was filled with gratitude for his selfless help during my hardest time. 同义词：be full of thankfulness / be deeply grateful 12 overcome with sorrow 悲痛不已 固定搭配：be overcome with sorrow/grief 悲痛万分、满心哀伤 易错点：完整句式需带be动词，不可直接用overcome with sorrow作谓语；介词固定用with 例句：She was overcome with sorrow after losing her beloved pet. 同义词：be overwhelmed with sadness / be filled with grief 13 a flash of anger 一阵怒火 固定搭配：a flash of anger/light/hope 一闪而过的怒火/光亮/希望 易错点：flash为可数名词，固定搭配a flash of；侧重瞬间突发、转瞬即逝的情绪或景象 例句：A flash of anger crossed his face when he heard the rude words. 同义词：a burst of anger / a momentary rage 14 light up with delight 面露喜色 固定搭配：One’s face lights up with delight/joy 面露喜色、神采飞扬 易错点：主语多为face/eyes，固定搭配with；light up为动态短语，表情绪外露的变化 例句：Her face lit up with delight at the good news from her teacher. 同义词：brighten up with joy / wear a cheerful look 15 wear a confused look 面露困惑 固定搭配：wear a confused/worried/surprised look 面露困惑/担忧/惊讶神色 易错点：wear为熟词僻义，表“流露、带有（神情）”；look此处为可数名词，表神色、表情 例句：He wore a confused look when he failed to understand the teacher’s question. 同义词：have a puzzled expression / look confused 16 wear a worried expression 面露担忧 固定搭配：wear a worried/serious/gentle expression 面露担忧/严肃/温柔神情 易错点：expression侧重面部整体神情，比look更正式；固定搭配wear，不可用show随意替换 例句：My mother wore a worried expression when I came home late at night. 同义词：look anxious / have a concerned look 17 be lost in thought 陷入沉思 固定搭配：be lost in thought/admiration 陷入沉思/满心赞叹 易错点：固定无冠词、无复数搭配；lost为过去分词作表语，表沉浸某种状态 例句：She was lost in thought, staring silently at the window. 同义词：be deep in thought / be buried in reflection 18 a sense of panic washed over sb. 恐慌席卷全身 固定搭配：A sense of panic/fear/relief washes over sb. 恐慌/恐惧/释然席卷某人 易错点：动态描写高分句式，主语为抽象情绪，谓语固定用wash over；适配突发情绪场景 例句：A sudden sense of panic washed over him when he realized he was lost. 同义词：be seized with sudden panic / fear swept through one’s mind 19 sigh with relief 宽慰地叹气 固定搭配：sigh with relief/regret/sadness 宽慰/遗憾/难过地叹气 易错点：固定介词搭配with，表伴随情绪；sigh为不及物动词，无被动形式 例句：We sighed with relief after the dangerous task was finally finished. 同义词：let out a relieved sigh / breathe a sigh of relief 20 sigh with regret 遗憾叹息 固定搭配：sigh with regret/guilt 遗憾叹息、愧疚叹气 易错点：专属负面情绪描写词组，语境固定用于惋惜、自责场景；无复数变形 例句：He sighed with regret for missing the precious opportunity. 同义词：let out a regretful sigh / sigh in disappointment 21 jump with excitement 激动得跳起来 固定搭配：jump with excitement/joy 激动雀跃、欣喜跳跃 易错点：介词固定用with，表伴随情绪；多用于孩童、年轻人的喜悦场景，画面感极强 例句：The little girl jumped with excitement when she got her favorite gift. 同义词：leap with delight / jump for joy 22 freeze with shock 震惊僵住 固定搭配：freeze with shock/fear 因震惊/恐惧僵住、呆立不动 易错点：freeze此处为抽象含义“僵住、停滞”，非本义“结冰”；瞬间动作描写，适配突发意外场景 例句：She froze with shock on seeing the unexpected scene. 同义词：stand rooted to the spot in shock / be stunned into silence 23 burn with shame 羞愧万分 固定搭配：burn with shame/anger 满心羞愧/怒火中烧 易错点：动态情绪描写，burn为拟人化用法，强化情绪浓烈度；介词固定搭配with 例句：He burned with shame after making such a silly mistake in public. 同义词：be overcome with embarrassment / be filled with shame 24 feel a warm glow in heart 心中暖意融融 固定搭配：feel a warm glow in one’s heart 心生暖意、倍感温暖 易错点：固定抒情高分词组，heart前必须加形容词性物主代词；glow此处表内心暖意，非光亮 例句：I felt a warm glow in my heart after receiving strangers’ kindness. 同义词：warmth filled one’s heart / a cozy feeling came over sb. 25 a heavy weight lifted off one’s mind 心头大石落地 固定搭配：a heavy weight is lifted off one’s mind 心头重担卸下、如释重负 易错点：固定隐喻句式，off为专属介词不可替换；侧重长期压力、顾虑消散后的轻松感 例句：After submitting the final report, a heavy weight lifted off my mind. 同义词：be free from worry / all worries fade away 肢体动作25组 01 pace up and down 来回踱步 固定搭配：pace up and down (the room/hall) （在某处）来回踱步、踱步徘徊 易错点：固定无冠词短语，up and down不可调换顺序；多用于焦虑、焦急、沉思场景 例句：He paced up and down anxiously, waiting for the test result. 同义词：walk back and forth / pace to and fro 02 rub one’s hands together 搓手 固定搭配：rub one’s hands together 搓手（取暖、紧张、期待） 易错点：hand必须用复数hands；固定搭配together不可省略，适配期待、寒冷、紧张场景 例句：He rubbed his hands together eagerly, looking forward to the coming activity. 同义词：rub one’s palms / rub hands nervously 03 clap one’s hands 拍手 固定搭配：clap one’s hands 拍手、鼓掌；clap for sb. 为某人鼓掌 易错点：hand用复数；clap为短暂性动词，无进行时表持续动作的用法 例句：All the audience clapped their hands to praise the wonderful performance. 同义词：applaud / give a round of applause 04 grasp firmly 紧紧抓住 固定搭配：grasp sth. firmly/tightly 紧紧抓住某物、牢牢握住 易错点：firmly为副词后置修饰动词；grasp侧重用力紧握，区别普通hold，多用于紧张、珍视场景 例句：She grasped her bag firmly in case it was stolen in the crowd. 同义词：hold tightly / clutch firmly 05 reach out one’s hand 伸出手 固定搭配：reach out one’s hand (to sb./sth.) （向某人/某物）伸出手 易错点：固定动作短语，out不可省略；侧重主动伸手触碰、帮助、抓取的动作 例句：He reached out his hand to help the old man up from the ground. 同义词：extend one’s hand / stretch out one’s arm 06 pat sb. on the shoulder 拍肩 固定搭配：pat sb. on the shoulder/back 拍某人肩膀/后背（安慰、鼓励） 易错点：固定句式结构，介词用on，身体部位前加定冠词the，不用物主代词 例句：My teacher patted me on the shoulder to encourage me to keep trying. 同义词：give sb. a pat on the shoulder / tap one’s shoulder 07 bow one’s head 低下头 固定搭配：bow one’s head 低头、垂首（羞愧、沉思、致敬） 易错点：bow为及物动词，直接接宾语；侧重主动低头的动作，适配羞愧、恭敬、沉思场景 例句：She bowed her head in shame after making a mistake. 同义词：lower one’s head / hang one’s head 08 raise one’s head 抬起头 固定搭配：raise one’s head 抬头、昂首（坚定、疑惑、观望） 易错点：raise为及物动词，区别rise（不及物）；固定搭配无介词，直接接宾语 例句：He raised his head bravely and faced the difficulties directly. 同义词：lift one’s head / hold up one’s head 09 stare at 凝视 固定搭配：stare at sb./sth. 凝视、紧盯、目不转睛地看 易错点：固定介词at不可省略；侧重长时间专注注视，含发呆、紧盯、惊讶意味 例句：She stared at the beautiful painting, lost in admiration. 同义词：gaze at / fix one’s eyes on 10 glance at 瞥一眼 固定搭配：glance at sb./sth. 匆匆一瞥、扫视一眼 易错点：介词固定用at；侧重快速、短暂的观看动作，区别stare（长时间凝视） 例句：He glanced at his watch hurriedly and rushed out of the door. 同义词：take a quick look at / cast a brief glance at 11 cast a glance over 快速扫视 固定搭配：cast a glance over sth. 快速扫视、匆匆浏览某物 易错点：固定高级搭配，cast为及物动词；over侧重覆盖整体的扫视，适配查看文件、环境场景 例句：She cast a glance over the whole room to check if everything was ready. 同义词：scan quickly / glance through 12 lean forward 身体前倾 固定搭配：lean forward/backward 身体前倾/后仰（专注、好奇、放松） 易错点：forward为副词，无介词搭配；多用于认真倾听、好奇观望的动作场景 例句：All the students leaned forward to listen to the teacher’s story carefully. 同义词：bend forward / incline one’s body forward 13 step backward 后退一步 固定搭配：step backward/forward 后退/上前一步（害怕、谨慎、犹豫） 易错点：backward此处为副词，无需变形；侧重主动脚步后退的细微动作 例句：She stepped backward slightly out of fear of the strange dog. 同义词：step back / retreat a little 14 rush toward 冲向 固定搭配：rush toward/to sb./sth. 冲向、奔向某人/某物 易错点：toward为介词，后直接接宾语；侧重急促、急切的奔跑动作，情绪色彩强烈 例句：The kids rushed toward the playground the moment class was over. 同义词：dash toward / hurry to 15 drag one’s feet 拖着脚步走 固定搭配：drag one’s feet 拖沓前行、步履沉重（疲惫、不情愿） 易错点：feet固定用复数；侧重疲惫、低落、不情愿的行走状态，画面感极强 例句：Tired from the long walk, he dragged his feet back home. 同义词：walk slowly and heavily / shuffle one’s feet 16 fold one’s arms 双臂交叉 固定搭配：fold one’s arms across one’s chest 双臂交叉（抱臂） 易错点：arm必须用复数arms；多用于严肃、生气、沉思、抗拒的神态动作场景 例句：He folded his arms and looked serious when hearing the bad news. 同义词：cross one’s arms 17 wipe away tears 擦去泪水 固定搭配：wipe away tears/dust 擦去泪水/灰尘 易错点：固定短语away不可替换为off；侧重主动擦拭、抹去的动作，适配伤感后释怀场景 例句：She wiped away her tears and decided to face the difficulty bravely. 同义词：dry one’s tears / clear away tears 18 clear one’s throat 清嗓子 固定搭配：clear one’s throat 清嗓子、润喉（准备发言、缓解尴尬） 易错点：固定无复数特殊搭配，throat用单数；续写过渡动作高频词组 例句：He cleared his throat nervously and began his speech. 同义词：cough slightly to clear one’s throat 19 nod in agreement 点头同意 固定搭配：nod in agreement/approval/understanding 点头同意/认可/会意 易错点：固定介词in搭配，表伴随状态；nod为不及物动词，无被动语态 例句：All the members nodded in agreement with the new plan. 同义词：nod one’s head in approval / give a nodding agreement 20 shake one’s head 摇头拒绝 固定搭配：shake one’s head 摇头（拒绝、否定、疑惑、惋惜） 易错点：固定搭配无介词；可适配多种负面态度，需结合语境判断语义 例句：He shook his head firmly and refused to accept the unfair rule. 同义词：shake one’s head in denial / decline with a head shake 21 grip one’s fist 握紧拳头 固定搭配：grip/clench one’s fist 握紧拳头（愤怒、坚定、隐忍） 易错点：fist多用复数fists；侧重用力攥紧的动作，烘托情绪张力 例句：H$