专题03 定语从句-核心语法 重难点专项突破 2027年高考英语一轮复习（全国通用）

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了定语从句专题核心考点，涵盖定义、三要素、分类及关系代词/副词用法，通过表格对比、思维导图构建知识网络，以任务单和问题链引导学生自主分析从句成分、判断关系词，形成从基础认知到综合应用的层次化学习路径。 亮点在于诊断性自测与标准化解题设计，如对点练习即时反馈错误类型，四步解题步骤培养思维品质，单句填空和短文练习强化语言能力。学生可通过错题归因自主提升，教师能依据学情数据精准指导，助力个性化复习与因材施教。

专题03 定语从句 2027年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、定语基础认知 此表梳理定语从句核心定义、三大构成要素与三类从句划分，搭建基础判断框架。 板块 核心规则 示范例句 定义 修饰名词 / 代词的形容词性从句，依靠关系词衔接先行词 I love the book that you bought. 三要素 1. 先行词：被修饰人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 2. 关系词：代词 / 副词，在从句充当成分 3. 从句：依附先行词起限定作用 先行词：girl；关系词：who 分类 限制性：无逗号，不可删减 非限制性：逗号隔开，仅补充 分割型：先行词与从句被其他成分隔开 限制性：the pen I lost 非限制性：He has a cat, which is white. 注意事项 1. 逗号是区分限制、非限制性从句关键，不可随意增删。错误 The house, that we saw is small；正确 The house that we saw is small 2. 分割从句需跳过中间内容找准先行词，避免误判修饰对象。错误 The days are hot when we work；正确 The days when we travel are hot 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The young man ___________ stands at the gate is our new English teacher. 2. I still remember the village ___________ we spent our summer holiday three years ago. 3. This novel, ___________ I finished reading last week, tells a touching historical story. 4. The time ___________ we waste on meaningless games can be used for grammar review. 【详解】先行词 the time，从句缺宾语，限制性从句关系代词可省略。句意我们浪费在无意义游戏上的时间可以用来复习语法。 5. The days ___________ manual labor was the only way to make a living have gone. 二、关系代词用法 本模块汇总五类关系代词适用对象、从句成分与使用限制，区分 that 与 which、as 特殊搭配等高频考点。 代词 先行词 从句成分 使用规则 who 人 主语 / 宾语 限制性从句可用，不能搭配介词、非限制性从句 whom 人 宾语 介词后专用，限制性从句可省略 which 物 主语 / 宾语 可用于介词结构、非限制性从句 that 人 / 物 主语 / 宾语 仅限限制性；先行词含不定代词、最高级时优先用 whose 人 / 物 定语 表所属；修饰物品可替换为 the + n + of which as 人 / 物 主语 / 宾语 用于 such…as、the same…as；非限制性从句放句首表正如 注意事项 1. 介词后指代人只用 whom、物只用 which，不能用 that。错误 the man to that I spoke；正确 the man to whom I spoke 2. the same as 指同类事物，the same that 指同一个事物。错误 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday（同一个）；正确 This is the same bag that I lost yesterday 3. that 不能引导逗号分隔的非限制性定语从句。错误 He has a dog, that likes meat；正确 He has a dog, which likes meat 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The girl ___________ we met at the party is a famous young writer. 【详解】先行词人，从句缺宾语，限制性从句代词可省略。句意我们在派对上遇见的那个女孩是一名知名青年作家。 2. There is nothing ___________ can stop us from mastering grammar knowledge. 3. The house ___________ roof is covered with green plants belongs to an old artist. 4. Such books ___________ talk about non-finite verbs are very helpful for senior three students. 5. This old machine, ___________ was invented 50 years ago, still works well now. 三、关系副词用法 本模块梳理 when/where why 三类副词适用先行词与从句成分，覆盖抽象地点名词、reason 特殊句型难点。 副词 先行词 从句成分 使用规则 when 时间名词（day/year 等） 时间状语 可替换介词 + which；time 表次数用 that where 地点 / 抽象名词（case/situation） 地点状语 从句主谓完整，仅缺地点含义 why the reason 原因状语 固定 the reason why；reason 作宾语改用 that/which 注意事项 1. 先行是时间 / 地点名词，但从句缺主宾时不能用副词。错误 The park where we visited is big；正确 The park that we visited is big 2. 抽象场景 situation/case 作先行词，从句完整用 where。错误 The case that we discussed is serious（作宾语）；正确 The case where students lack sleep worries teachers（作状语） 3. reason 在从句充当宾语时不用 why。错误 The reason why you gave is clear；正确 The reason that you gave is clear 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I can’t forget the day ___________ I received my first grammar award. 2. We have reached a situation ___________ every student needs extra after-school tutoring. 3. The reason ___________ he failed the quiz was that he ignored many small grammar traps. 4. The time ___________ we spend sorting error logs is never wasted. 【详解】先行 the time，spend 缺少宾语，不用 when。句意我们整理错题本花费的时间永远不会白费。 5. This is the office ___________ all teachers discuss students’ learning problems together. 四、重难点 此模块重点讲解 “介词 + 关系代词”、先行词作主语主谓一致两大核心难点，配套判断标准与正误示例。 难点类型 核心规则 示范例句 介词 + 关系代词 1. 人用 whom，物用 which，禁用 that 2. 介词由先行词 / 从句动词搭配决定 the student with whom I study the tool by which we cut paper 主谓一致 1. 先行词作主语，从句谓语匹配先行词单复数 2.one of + 复数名词→从句复数 3.the only one of + 复数→从句单数 one of the boys who like English the only boy who likes English 注意事项 1. 介词不能置于 that/who 前。错误 the house in that we live；正确 the house in which we live 2. one of 结构修饰复数，从句谓语用复数；带 only 修饰单数核心，谓语单数。错误 She is one student who knows French（无复数）；正确 She is one of the students who know French 3. 介词搭配需结合固定短语，不可随意选用。错误 the topic about we argued；正确 the topic about which we argued 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The classmates ___________ whom I shared grammar notes all made great progress this month. 2. This is the textbook ___________ whom we depend to master non-finite verb rules. 3. He is one of many senior three students who___________(grasp) fully grasp past participle knowledge. 4. She is the only one in our class ___________(make) never makes grammar mistakes in quizzes. 5. The ancient village ___________ which we read in books lies deep in the mountains. 五、易混易错点 此表区分三大高频混淆题型，明确代词 / 副词、as/that、从句类型判断标准，规避典型失分陷阱。 混淆类型 判断标准 正误对比 关系代词 vs 副词 从句缺主语 / 宾语→代词；主谓完整缺状语→副词 缺宾：the days that we had 状语：the days when we travelled as vs that such…as 定语从句（从句缺成分） such…that 结果状语（句子完整） such book as I read such a good book that I cried 定语从句 vs 其他从句 定语从句修饰前面名词；同位语解释抽象名词内容 news that he won（同位语） the news that you told me（定语） 注意事项 1. 只看先行词判断 when/where 极易出错，必须分析从句内部是否缺少主宾。错误 The shop where I visited；正确 The shop that I visited 2. such as 后从句必须残缺，such that 后句子主谓完整。错误 Such gift that I expected；正确 Such gift as I expected 3. 同位语从句 that 不作成分，定语从句 that 充当主宾。错误 The fact that he said（定语）；正确 The fact that he left（同位语） 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Such grammar exercises ___________ appear in monthly tests need repeated training. 2. It was such a difficult grammar task ___________ few students could finish it alone. 3. The moment ___________ we spent reviewing clauses was really valuable. 【详解】从句 spent 缺少宾语，不用 when。句意我们用来复习从句的那段时光十分宝贵。 4. The news ___________ our class won the grammar competition excited all teachers. 5. The situation ___________ students mix up as and that often appears in exams. 六、标准化解题步骤 固定四步解题逻辑，规范长难句拆解思路，系统规避各类从句陷阱。 步骤 操作要求 判断要点 1 定位先行词 找出被修饰名词，区分人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 / 抽象名词 2 拆分从句 看从句是否缺少主语、宾语，判断用代词还是副词 3 判断句式类型 有无逗号区分限制 / 非限制；是否搭配介词 4 核对陷阱 检查主谓一致、as/that、介词后禁用 that 等规则 注意事项 1. 长难句优先用括号划出从句，剥离修饰词找主干先行词。错误 Walking the street which is busy；正确 (which is busy) the street 2. 介词提前结构只能用 whom/which，不可填 that。错误 the pen with that I write；正确 the pen with which I write 3. the only one、序数词、不定代词先行词统一选用 that。错误 All things which you said；正确 All things that you said 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. All the rules ___________ we learned today will be tested in next week’s grammar quiz. 【详解】步骤 1 先行词 all things；步骤 2 从句缺宾语；步骤 4 不定代词用 that。句意我们今天所学的所有规则都会出现在下周语法小测。 2. The factory ___________ workers produce grammar exercise books is far away from downtown. 3. She is the only participant ___________ gets full marks in the clause competition. 4. The tool ___________ we draw grammar mind maps with is cheap but practical. 5. Such learning methods ___________ teachers recommend can improve grammar accuracy rapidly. 单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The experienced grammar tutor ___________ we consulted last week offered lots of practical skills on distinguishing different relative words. 【详解】先行词 the experienced grammar tutor 指人，限制性定语从句中作 consulted 的宾语，关系代词可填 who/whom/that，也可省略。句意：我们上周咨询的那位资深语法老师提供了许多区分各类关系词的实用技巧。 2. This reference book ___________ covers all types of attributive clauses will be distributed to every senior three student tomorrow morning. 3. We finally arrived at a stage ___________ most learners can tell relative pronouns from relative adverbs independently. 4. The reason ___________ many students make mistakes in “prep + relative word” structures lies in ignoring collocation rules. 5. The old lecture hall ___________ we held our grammar lecture last month has been newly decorated. 6. As is known to all, the only one of the whole class ___________ masters all clause rules won the full mark quiz. 7. The literary works ___________ the professor referred to in his speech contain typical attributive clause examples. 【详解】先行 works 指物，限制性从句作 referred to 的宾语，关系词可省。句意：教授演讲中提到的文学作品里包含典型定语从句例句。 8. There are numerous grammar traps ___________ we should mark down in our error notebooks for repeated review. 9. The young volunteer ___________ we learned clause analysis from will give another tutoring class next Wednesday. 10. The summer training camp ___________ consists of 500 grammar exercises helps us consolidate clause knowledge quickly. 11. Such review methods ___________ our head teacher recommended can effectively reduce clause-related errors in exams. 12. All the grammar handouts ___________ are printed for us cover the difference between as and that thoroughly. 13. The moment ___________ we spend sorting out clause mistakes is never a waste of study time. 【详解】先行词 the time 类名词，从句 spend 后缺宾语，不用 when。句意：我们用来整理从句错题的时间从来都不算浪费学习时光。 14. This tough grammar problem ___________ few students worked out involves the “prep + which” difficult structure. 15. ___________ has been summarized above, correct judgment of the antecedent is the key to solving attributive clause blank-filling questions. 语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. Passage 3 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2 (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me 3 this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 4 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 5 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6 (be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 定语从句 2027年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 一、定语基础认知 此表梳理定语从句核心定义、三大构成要素与三类从句划分，搭建基础判断框架。 板块 核心规则 示范例句 定义 修饰名词 / 代词的形容词性从句，依靠关系词衔接先行词 I love the book that you bought. 三要素 1. 先行词：被修饰人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 2. 关系词：代词 / 副词，在从句充当成分 3. 从句：依附先行词起限定作用 先行词：girl；关系词：who 分类 限制性：无逗号，不可删减 非限制性：逗号隔开，仅补充 分割型：先行词与从句被其他成分隔开 限制性：the pen I lost 非限制性：He has a cat, which is white. 注意事项 1. 逗号是区分限制、非限制性从句关键，不可随意增删。错误 The house, that we saw is small；正确 The house that we saw is small 2. 分割从句需跳过中间内容找准先行词，避免误判修饰对象。错误 The days are hot when we work；正确 The days when we travel are hot 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The young man ___________ stands at the gate is our new English teacher. 【答案】who/that 【详解】先行词指人，限制性从句缺主语，可用 who/that。句意站在门口的那位年轻人是我们新来的英语老师。 2. I still remember the village ___________ we spent our summer holiday three years ago. 【答案】where 【详解】先行词 village，从句完整缺地点状语，用关系副词 where。句意我依然记得三年前我们共度暑假的那个村庄。 3. This novel, ___________ I finished reading last week, tells a touching historical story. 【答案】which 【详解】逗号隔开非限制性从句，指物作宾语，只能用 which。句意我上周读完的这本小说讲述了一个感人的历史故事。 4. The time ___________ we waste on meaningless games can be used for grammar review. 【答案】that/which/ 不填 【详解】先行词 the time，从句缺宾语，限制性从句关系代词可省略。句意我们浪费在无意义游戏上的时间可以用来复习语法。 5. The days ___________ manual labor was the only way to make a living have gone. 【答案】when 【详解】分割型定语从句，先行词 the days，从句缺时间状语。句意靠体力谋生的岁月已经一去不复返。 二、关系代词用法 本模块汇总五类关系代词适用对象、从句成分与使用限制，区分 that 与 which、as 特殊搭配等高频考点。 代词 先行词 从句成分 使用规则 who 人 主语 / 宾语 限制性从句可用，不能搭配介词、非限制性从句 whom 人 宾语 介词后专用，限制性从句可省略 which 物 主语 / 宾语 可用于介词结构、非限制性从句 that 人 / 物 主语 / 宾语 仅限限制性；先行词含不定代词、最高级时优先用 whose 人 / 物 定语 表所属；修饰物品可替换为 the + n + of which as 人 / 物 主语 / 宾语 用于 such…as、the same…as；非限制性从句放句首表正如 注意事项 1. 介词后指代人只用 whom、物只用 which，不能用 that。错误 the man to that I spoke；正确 the man to whom I spoke 2. the same as 指同类事物，the same that 指同一个事物。错误 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday（同一个）；正确 This is the same bag that I lost yesterday 3. that 不能引导逗号分隔的非限制性定语从句。错误 He has a dog, that likes meat；正确 He has a dog, which likes meat 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The girl ___________ we met at the party is a famous young writer. 【答案】whom/who/that/ 不填 【详解】先行词人，从句缺宾语，限制性从句代词可省略。句意我们在派对上遇见的那个女孩是一名知名青年作家。 2. There is nothing ___________ can stop us from mastering grammar knowledge. 【答案】that 【详解】先行词不定代词 nothing，限制性从句只能用 that。句意没有任何事物能阻止我们掌握语法知识。 3. The house ___________ roof is covered with green plants belongs to an old artist. 【答案】whose 【详解】表所属，先行词 the house，用 whose 修饰 roof。句意屋顶铺满绿植的这座房子属于一位老艺术家。 4. Such books ___________ talk about non-finite verbs are very helpful for senior three students. 【答案】as 【详解】固定搭配 such…as 引导定语从句，从句缺主语。句意这类讲解非谓语动词的书籍对高三学生帮助很大。 5. This old machine, ___________ was invented 50 years ago, still works well now. 【答案】which 【详解】非限制性定语从句，先行词物，作主语只用 which。句意这台 50 年前发明的老式机器现在运转依旧良好。 三、关系副词用法 本模块梳理 when/where why 三类副词适用先行词与从句成分，覆盖抽象地点名词、reason 特殊句型难点。 副词 先行词 从句成分 使用规则 when 时间名词（day/year 等） 时间状语 可替换介词 + which；time 表次数用 that where 地点 / 抽象名词（case/situation） 地点状语 从句主谓完整，仅缺地点含义 why the reason 原因状语 固定 the reason why；reason 作宾语改用 that/which 注意事项 1. 先行是时间 / 地点名词，但从句缺主宾时不能用副词。错误 The park where we visited is big；正确 The park that we visited is big 2. 抽象场景 situation/case 作先行词，从句完整用 where。错误 The case that we discussed is serious（作宾语）；正确 The case where students lack sleep worries teachers（作状语） 3. reason 在从句充当宾语时不用 why。错误 The reason why you gave is clear；正确 The reason that you gave is clear 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I can’t forget the day ___________ I received my first grammar award. 【答案】when 【详解】先行 the day，从句主谓完整缺时间状语。句意我无法忘记我第一次获得语法奖项的那一天。 2. We have reached a situation ___________ every student needs extra after-school tutoring. 【答案】where 【详解】抽象先行词 situation，从句完整，用 where 作抽象地点状语。句意我们已经到了每位学生都需要课外补习的阶段。 3. The reason ___________ he failed the quiz was that he ignored many small grammar traps. 【答案】why 【详解】固定 the reason why 句型，从句表失败的原因状语。句意他小测失利的原因是忽略了许多细微语法陷阱。 4. The time ___________ we spend sorting error logs is never wasted. 【答案】that/which/ 不填 【详解】先行 the time，spend 缺少宾语，不用 when。句意我们整理错题本花费的时间永远不会白费。 5. This is the office ___________ all teachers discuss students’ learning problems together. 【答案】where 【详解】先行词 office，从句主谓完整缺地点状语。句意这是所有老师共同探讨学生学习问题的办公室。 四、重难点 此模块重点讲解 “介词 + 关系代词”、先行词作主语主谓一致两大核心难点，配套判断标准与正误示例。 难点类型 核心规则 示范例句 介词 + 关系代词 1. 人用 whom，物用 which，禁用 that 2. 介词由先行词 / 从句动词搭配决定 the student with whom I study the tool by which we cut paper 主谓一致 1. 先行词作主语，从句谓语匹配先行词单复数 2.one of + 复数名词→从句复数 3.the only one of + 复数→从句单数 one of the boys who like English the only boy who likes English 注意事项 1. 介词不能置于 that/who 前。错误 the house in that we live；正确 the house in which we live 2. one of 结构修饰复数，从句谓语用复数；带 only 修饰单数核心，谓语单数。错误 She is one student who knows French（无复数）；正确 She is one of the students who know French 3. 介词搭配需结合固定短语，不可随意选用。错误 the topic about we argued；正确 the topic about which we argued 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. The classmates ___________ whom I shared grammar notes all made great progress this month. 【答案】with 【详解】搭配 share sth with sb，介词后指人用 whom。句意我分享语法笔记的这些同学本月都取得了巨大进步。 2. This is the textbook ___________ whom we depend to master non-finite verb rules. 【答案】on 【详解】固定搭配 depend on，介词提前 + which。句意这是我们依靠它掌握非谓语动词规则的教材。 3. He is one of many senior three students who___________(grasp) fully grasp past participle knowledge. 【答案】grasp 【详解】one of + 复数先行词，从句谓语复数。句意他是众多完全吃透过去分词知识点的高三学生之一。 4. She is the only one in our class ___________(make) never makes grammar mistakes in quizzes. 【答案】makes 【详解】the only one 为核心先行词，谓语单数。句意她是班里唯一一个小测从不犯语法错误的人。 5. The ancient village ___________ which we read in books lies deep in the mountains. 【答案】about 【详解】搭配 read about sth，介词 about+which。句意我们在书中读到的这座古村落深藏大山之中。 五、易混易错点 此表区分三大高频混淆题型，明确代词 / 副词、as/that、从句类型判断标准，规避典型失分陷阱。 混淆类型 判断标准 正误对比 关系代词 vs 副词 从句缺主语 / 宾语→代词；主谓完整缺状语→副词 缺宾：the days that we had 状语：the days when we travelled as vs that such…as 定语从句（从句缺成分） such…that 结果状语（句子完整） such book as I read such a good book that I cried 定语从句 vs 其他从句 定语从句修饰前面名词；同位语解释抽象名词内容 news that he won（同位语） the news that you told me（定语） 注意事项 1. 只看先行词判断 when/where 极易出错，必须分析从句内部是否缺少主宾。错误 The shop where I visited；正确 The shop that I visited 2. such as 后从句必须残缺，such that 后句子主谓完整。错误 Such gift that I expected；正确 Such gift as I expected 3. 同位语从句 that 不作成分，定语从句 that 充当主宾。错误 The fact that he said（定语）；正确 The fact that he left（同位语） 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. Such grammar exercises ___________ appear in monthly tests need repeated training. 【答案】as 【详解】such…as 引导定语从句，从句缺少主语。句意月考中出现的这类语法习题需要反复训练。 2. It was such a difficult grammar task ___________ few students could finish it alone. 【答案】that 【详解】such…that 引导结果状语从句，句子结构完整。这道语法题难度很大，几乎没有学生能独立完成。 3. The moment ___________ we spent reviewing clauses was really valuable. 【答案】that/which/ 不填 【详解】从句 spent 缺少宾语，不用 when。句意我们用来复习从句的那段时光十分宝贵。 4. The news ___________ our class won the grammar competition excited all teachers. 【答案】that 【详解】同位语从句，that 无成分，解释 news 内容。句意我们班赢得语法竞赛的消息让所有老师都很激动。 5. The situation ___________ students mix up as and that often appears in exams. 【答案】where 【详解】抽象先行词 situation，从句完整作状语。学生混淆 as 与 that 的情况在考试中频繁出现。 六、标准化解题步骤 固定四步解题逻辑，规范长难句拆解思路，系统规避各类从句陷阱。 步骤 操作要求 判断要点 1 定位先行词 找出被修饰名词，区分人 / 物 / 时间 / 地点 / 抽象名词 2 拆分从句 看从句是否缺少主语、宾语，判断用代词还是副词 3 判断句式类型 有无逗号区分限制 / 非限制；是否搭配介词 4 核对陷阱 检查主谓一致、as/that、介词后禁用 that 等规则 注意事项 1. 长难句优先用括号划出从句，剥离修饰词找主干先行词。错误 Walking the street which is busy；正确 (which is busy) the street 2. 介词提前结构只能用 whom/which，不可填 that。错误 the pen with that I write；正确 the pen with which I write 3. the only one、序数词、不定代词先行词统一选用 that。错误 All things which you said；正确 All things that you said 对点练习：在空格处填入1个适当单词或用所给词的正确形式填空 1. All the rules ___________ we learned today will be tested in next week’s grammar quiz. 【答案】that / 不填 【详解】步骤 1 先行词 all things；步骤 2 从句缺宾语；步骤 4 不定代词用 that。句意我们今天所学的所有规则都会出现在下周语法小测。 2. The factory ___________ workers produce grammar exercise books is far away from downtown. 【答案】where 【详解】步骤 1 先行 factory；步骤 2 从句主谓完整缺地点状语。句意工人们印制语法习题册的这家工厂远离市中心。 3. She is the only participant ___________ gets full marks in the clause competition. 【答案】who/that 【详解】步骤 4 先行词带 the only，限制性从句用 that/who。句意她是从句竞赛中唯一拿满分的参赛选手。 4. The tool ___________ we draw grammar mind maps with is cheap but practical. 【答案】with which 【详解】步骤 3 搭配 draw with，介词提前用 which。句意我们绘制语法脑图的工具价廉实用。 5. Such learning methods ___________ teachers recommend can improve grammar accuracy rapidly. 【答案】as 【详解】步骤 4 固定搭配 such…as 引导定语从句。老师们推荐的这类学习方法能快速提升语法正确率。 单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The experienced grammar tutor ___________ we consulted last week offered lots of practical skills on distinguishing different relative words. 【答案】who/whom/that/ 不填 【详解】先行词 the experienced grammar tutor 指人，限制性定语从句中作 consulted 的宾语，关系代词可填 who/whom/that，也可省略。句意：我们上周咨询的那位资深语法老师提供了许多区分各类关系词的实用技巧。 2. This reference book ___________ covers all types of attributive clauses will be distributed to every senior three student tomorrow morning. 【答案】which/that 【详解】先行 book 指物，限制性从句缺少主语，可用 which 或 that 引导。句意：这本涵盖所有定语类型的教辅明天上午将发放给每一位高三学生。 3. We finally arrived at a stage ___________ most learners can tell relative pronouns from relative adverbs independently. 【答案】where 【详解】先行词 stage 为抽象地点名词，从句主谓结构完整，用 where 作抽象地点状语。句意：我们终于到了大部分学生能自主区分关系代词与关系副词的学习阶段。 4. The reason ___________ many students make mistakes in “prep + relative word” structures lies in ignoring collocation rules. 【答案】why 【详解】固定句型 the reason why…，先行词 the reason，从句作原因状语。句意：很多学生在 “介词 + 关系词” 结构上丢分的原因是忽视搭配规则。 5. The old lecture hall ___________ we held our grammar lecture last month has been newly decorated. 【答案】where /in which 【详解】先行 hall 表地点，从句完整，可用 where，也可转换为 in which。句意：我们上个月举办语法讲座的旧报告厅刚完成翻新。 6. As is known to all, the only one of the whole class ___________ masters all clause rules won the full mark quiz. 【答案】who/that 【详解】先行词被 the only 修饰，指人，从句缺少主语，只能用 who/that。句意：众所周知，全班唯一一个吃透所有从句规则的人拿下了这套小测满分。 7. The literary works ___________ the professor referred to in his speech contain typical attributive clause examples. 【答案】which/that/ 不填 【详解】先行 works 指物，限制性从句作 referred to 的宾语，关系词可省。句意：教授演讲中提到的文学作品里包含典型定语从句例句。 8. There are numerous grammar traps ___________ we should mark down in our error notebooks for repeated review. 【答案】that 【详解】先行词为不定代词 numerous traps，从句缺宾语，优先使用 that。句意：有许多语法陷阱我们应当记在错题本上反复复盘。 9. The young volunteer ___________ we learned clause analysis from will give another tutoring class next Wednesday. 【答案】from whom 【详解】固定搭配 learn from sb，介词 from 提前，指人只能用 whom。句意：我们向他学习从句拆分的那位青年志愿者下周三还会再来补课。 10. The summer training camp ___________ consists of 500 grammar exercises helps us consolidate clause knowledge quickly. 【答案】which/that 【详解】先行 camp 是事物，从句缺少主语，限制性从句可用 which/that。句意：这套包含 500 道语法习题的暑期集训资料能帮助我们快速巩固从句知识点。 11. Such review methods ___________ our head teacher recommended can effectively reduce clause-related errors in exams. 【答案】as 【详解】固定搭配 such…as 引导限制性定语从句，as 在从句作宾语。句意：班主任推荐的这类复习方法能有效减少考试中从句类错题。 12. All the grammar handouts ___________ are printed for us cover the difference between as and that thoroughly. 【答案】that 【详解】先行词被 all 修饰，从句缺少主语，只能用 that 引导。句意：为我们印制的所有语法讲义都透彻讲解了 as 与 that 的区别。 13. The moment ___________ we spend sorting out clause mistakes is never a waste of study time. 【答案】which/that/ 不填 【详解】先行词 the time 类名词，从句 spend 后缺宾语，不用 when。句意：我们用来整理从句错题的时间从来都不算浪费学习时光。 14. This tough grammar problem ___________ few students worked out involves the “prep + which” difficult structure. 【答案】which/that 【详解】先行 problem 指物，限制性从句作 worked out 的宾语，可用 that/which。句意：这道极少学生做出来的难题涉及 “介词 + which” 难点结构。 15. ___________ has been summarized above, correct judgment of the antecedent is the key to solving attributive clause blank-filling questions. 【答案】As 【详解】as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话内容，可置于句首。句意：如上所总结，准确判断先行词是搞定定语填空的关键。 语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them 1 (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and 2 (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom of trading goods, which dates back to 3 Han Dynasty. As transportation and communication 4 (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily 5 (necessity). As a solution, people gathered at specific locations on set days to trade their surplus (剩余的) items 6 what they needed. In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. 7 (draw) by the aroma (香味) of street food, they line up in front of stands 8 serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup. While eating and enjoying street performances, they chat with each other and share stories of their daily lives. Before 9 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 10 (cheap) than those found in supermarkets. 【答案】 1. to be held 2. frequency 3. the 4. were 5. necessities 6. for 7. Drawn 8. that/which 9. heading 10. cheaper 【来源】2026年高考全国1卷英语高考真题 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国农村集市“大集”的日期、频率、历史渊源以及现代赶集的场景。 【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2. 考查名词。句意：大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异。提示词与名词“dates”并列作主语，应用名词形式frequency，表示“频率”，不可数名词。 3. 考查冠词。句意：大集起源于古代民间以物易物的习俗，可追溯至汉朝。专有名词Han Dynasty特指“汉朝”，需用定冠词the限定。 4. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“at that time”表明用一般过去时态，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 5. 考查名词复数。句意同上。名词necessity意为“必需品”时通常用复数形式，泛指日常所需的多种物品。 6. 考查介词。句意：作为解决办法，人们在固定的日子里聚集到特定地点，用自己多余的物品来交换自己需要的东西。“trade A for B”是固定搭配，表示“用A交换B”。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：被街头小吃的香味所吸引，他们在热气腾腾的饺子摊和热汤面摊前排起长队。此处作状语，draw(吸引)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语they之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动；且位于句首，首字母大写。 8. 考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导限制性定语从句，stands(摊位)是先行词，关系代词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在回家之前，他们会把从当地农民那里买来的新鲜水果和蔬菜塞满购物袋，价格比超市里的便宜得多。介词“Before”后接动名词作宾语。 10. 考查形容词比较级。句意同上。提示词作后置定语修饰prices，且设空处后有“than”，应用比较级cheaper。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 1. entirely 2. instructor 3. and 4. feet 5. am supposed 6. which 7. descriptive 8. on 9. being 10. to meet 【来源】2026年高考全国2卷英语高考真题（网络 收集版） 【导语】文章主要讲述作者首次清晨跟随老师体验太极课程的经历与感悟。 【详解】1. 考查副词。句意：太极课的前十五分钟，我们全程待在原地热身。本空修饰动词remain，作状语，用副词entirely“完全地，全程地”。 2. 考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 3. 考查连词。句意：你的身心合一。本空连接并列名词mind和body，用并列连词and。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：她说：“双脚平行站立，用丹田支撑身体。”foot为可数名词，此处指双脚，用复数形式feet作宾语。 5. 考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 7. 考查形容词。句意：这些招式有着形象生动的名字，如“捧碗”和“揽雀尾”。本空修饰名词names，作定语，用形容词descriptive“描绘性的，形象的”。 8. 考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one’s eyes on sb./sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：课程结束时才早上八点，天色尚早，我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，be的动名词形式为being。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】 1. which 2. the 3. to present 4. guidance 5. are revealed 6. tries 7. by 8. strategic/strategical 9. and 10. digitally 【来源】2025年全国高考一卷英语真题 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2. 考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 4. 考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 5. 考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 6. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 7. 考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 8. 考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic或者strategical“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic/strategical。 9. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 10. 考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2 (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me 3 this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 4 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 5 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6 (be) one of them.      Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance 7 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky 9 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10 (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 【答案】 1. where 2. central 3. for 4. and 5. myself 6. is 7. to discover 8. absence 9. afternoons 10. left 【来源】2025年全国高考二卷英语真题 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。 【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2. 考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 3. 考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填for。 4. 考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 5. 考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 6. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 8. 考查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 9. 考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $