Unit 1 Different friends 基础知识总结及练习（综合训练）-2026-2027学年人教PEP版英语五年级上册

**基本信息** 以一般现在时（三单）为核心，通过规则归纳、句型对比及易错点梳理构建系统语法体系，结合词汇句型整合与分层练习，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心语法|5类规则+4句式对比+3易错点+2句型辨析|动词三单变形规则表、句型对比表、记忆口诀|从规则到句型再到易错点，构建“规则-应用-避错”逻辑链| |基础练习|4题型（填空/改写/翻译/阅读）|三单应用、句型转换、语境理解技巧|以语法为纲，通过不同题型实现知识迁移与综合运用|

【人教PEP五年级上册】 Unit 1 Different friends 基础知识总结及练习 Unit 1 Different friends 详细语法总结 一、核心语法：一般现在时（第三人称单数） 本单元所有句子都围绕这个时态展开。核心：当主语是“他/她/它”或单个名字时，动词要变形。 ① 动词变“三单”的5种规则 规则 例词 一般直接加 -s like→likes, play→plays, read→reads 以s/x/sh/ch/o结尾加 -es watch→watches, do→does, go→goes, fix→fixes 辅音+y结尾，变y为i加 -es study→studies, fly→flies （play→plays，因为y前是元音） have特殊变 has I have → She has be动词特殊变 is They are → He is ② 句型结构对比表（以动词like为例） 句式 三单主语（He） 非三单主语（I/You） 肯定 He likes dogs. I like dogs. 否定（加助动词） He doesn't like dogs. （like还原） I don't like dogs. 一般疑问（助动词提前） Does he like dogs? （like还原） Do you like dogs? 肯定回答 Yes, he does. Yes, I do. 否定回答 No, he doesn't. No, I don't. ③三大易错点 - Does提问后，动词必须打回原形。❌Does she likes... ✅Does she like... - 否定句用doesn't后，动词也必须打回原形。❌He doesn't likes... ✅He doesn't like... - be动词（is）和行为动词（likes）不能连用。❌He is likes dogs. ✅He likes dogs. ④ 本单元特殊句型：What's ... like? 与 What does ... like? 的区别 句型 意思 回答用 例句 What's + 人 + like? 问性格/外貌怎样 用形容词（be动词回答） —What's your friend like? —He's friendly. What does + 人 + like? 问喜欢什么 用名词/动名词（行为动词回答） —What does your friend like? —He likes reading. 记忆口诀：is like 问长相/性格，does like 问喜好。 二、重点单词 & 短语（必背清单） ① 描述性格与外貌的形容词 friendly（友好的）| kind（善良的）| funny（滑稽的）| quiet（安静的） shy（害羞的）| clever（聪明的）| helpful（乐于助人的）| polite（有礼貌的）| hard-working（勤奋的）| tall（高的）| short（矮的）| thin（瘦的） strong（强壮的）| young（年轻的）| old（年老的） ② 本单元必背短语 make friends（交朋友）| talk about（谈论）| after school（放学后） each other（互相）| play together（一起玩）| be good at（擅长...） be different from（与...不同）| the same as（与...相同） ③ 扩展词汇 hobby（爱好）| classmate（同班同学）| desk mate（同桌）| pen pal（笔友） 三、重点句型（听说读写必会） - 询问与介绍朋友 - Who's your best friend?（谁是你最好的朋友？） - This is my new friend, ...（这是我的新朋友...） - We are in the same class.（我们在同一个班。） - 描述性格与外貌 - He/She is tall and thin.（他/她又高又瘦。）—— 两个形容词用and连接 - She is kind and helpful.（她和善且乐于助人。） - They are different from each other.（他们彼此不同。） - 询问与回答喜好 - —What do you like to do after school? —I like to play football. （放学后你喜欢做什么？——我喜欢踢足球。） - —Does she like reading? —Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. （她喜欢阅读吗？——是的/不。） 【基础练习】 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. My best friend __________ (like) reading stories after school. 2. __________ your sister __________ (have) a new pen pal? 3. Tom and Jerry __________ (be) different from each other. 4. She __________ (not like) playing football. She likes dancing. 5. What __________ your new classmate __________ (be) like? 6. Mike __________ (study) English every morning. 7. __________ they __________ (play) together after class? 8. His mother __________ (go) to work at 7 o'clock. 9. I __________ (be) good at swimming, but my brother __________ (be) not. 10. —What does your father __________ (like)? —He __________ (like) cooking. 二、按要求改写句子 1. He likes watching TV on weekends.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________ 2. She has a new desk mate.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 3. My English teacher is tall and kind.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________ 4. Her friend likes singing and dancing.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________ 5. They are in the same class.（改为单数形式，主语用he） _________________________________________________ 三、英汉互译（写出完整英文句子或中文意思） 1. 我的新朋友又高又壮，而且很友好。 _________________________________________________ 2. Does she often make friends after school? _________________________________________________ 3. 我们彼此不同，但我们一起玩得很开心。 _________________________________________________ 4. He is hard-working and helpful at school. _________________________________________________ 5. 你的笔友长什么样？ _________________________________________________ 四、阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F） I have a new friend. Her name is Amy. She comes from the UK. She is tall and thin, and she has big blue eyes. She is quiet but very friendly. She likes reading books and drawing pictures. She doesn't like sports, but she is good at swimming. We often talk about our hobbies after school. We are different in some ways, but we help each other. ( ) 1. Amy is from the US. ( ) 2. Amy is tall and thin with big blue eyes. ( ) 3. Amy likes reading and playing sports. ( ) 4. Amy is good at swimming. ( ) 5. The writer and Amy often talk about their hobbies. —————— 答案 —————— 一、 1. likes（三单） 2. Does...have（Does提问，have还原） 3. are（复数主语） 4. doesn't like（否定+还原） 5. is...is（问性格外貌，be动词） 6. studies（辅音+y变i加es） 7. Do...play（复数主语，用Do） 8. goes（以o结尾加es） 9. am...is（I用am，brother三单用is） 10. like...likes（第一空助动词后还原，第二空三单加s） 二、 1. He doesn't like watching TV on weekends. 2. -Does she have a new desk mate? -Yes, she does. 3. What is your English teacher like? 4. What does her friend like? 5. He is in the same class. 三、 1. My new friend is tall and strong, and he/she is very friendly. 2. 她放学后经常交朋友吗？ 3. We are different from each other, but we play together happily. 4. 他在学校勤奋且乐于助人。 5. What is your pen pal like? 四、 1. F（来自UK，不是US） 2. T 3. F（喜欢读书和画画，不喜欢运动） 4. T 5. T 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $