2026-2027学年新高一暑期衔接Lesson 6 非谓语 导学案

Lesson6 非谓语 不定式（to do） 不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语(包括疑问词＋不定式)、宾语补足语、定语、状语. 动词不定式的特殊句型 (1) too...to 表示“太······而不能” The boy is too young to look after himself. 小男孩太小了,不会照顾自己. (2)...enough to 表示“······足够”. He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大,可以上学. (3)Why don't you+不带 to的不定式＝Why not+不带to的不定式 Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢? (4)had better+(not)+不带to的不定式 You'd better not stay there today. 今天你最好不要待在那儿. (5)Will you please+不带 to的不定式 Will you please close the door? 请把门关上好吗? (6)prefer to do sth, rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”. She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱. 动名词（ing） 有动词意义的名词，不可作谓语，一般作为主语，宾语和定语 1. 只能接动名词的动词 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.不间断地做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事 can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 2. 既可跟动词不定式又可跟动名词的动词 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘了做过某事 forget to do sth.忘了去做某事(未做) stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 sth.need doing 某事需要去做(被动含义) need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义) try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 分词（doing/ done） 高中新增分词的用法，现在分词和动名词都是V.ing形式，但用法有区别 主语 宾语 表语 定语 补语(宾补、主补) 状语 不定式 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 动名词 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 分词 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 非谓语形式改写 被动 完成式 进行式 完成式被动 doing being done having done / having been done to do to be done to have done to be doing to have been done 谓语与非谓语的区分 1.逻辑主语一致。 非谓语既然作为动词，自然会有做这个动作的发出者，我们称之为逻辑主语。一般来说非谓语的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，或是和语境一致。 对比： Climbing the mountain, we got caught in the rain. Climbing the mountain, the rain started. 句子主语和非谓语的主语都是we【我们爬山/ 我们被困在雨中】，否则会翻译为【雨开始下了/ 雨在爬山】不符合语境。 2.基本功能 目的状语 → 不定式（To save time, he took a taxi.） 原因状语 → 分词（Being ill, he stayed at home.） 宾语性质 → 动名词（avoid smoking） / 不定式（decide to leave） I. 判断黑体动词分别是什么成分以及是否非谓语 1. She studied English for three hours yesterday. _______________________ 2. The movie we watched last night was very exciting. _______________________ 3. Running in the park every morning keeps him healthy. ___________________ 4. He wants to prepare a speech for the competition. _______________________ 5. The flowers look beautiful in the sunlight. _______________________ 6. Written in 1845, this poem is still popular today. _______________________ 7. I saw a boy smiling at me across the street. _______________________ 8. The book placed on the desk belongs to Lisa. _______________________ 9. Being honest is important in any relationship. _______________________ 10. We heard the birds singing in the trees. _______________________ 11. To finish the project on time, they worked late. _______________________ 12. The window broken by the storm needs repairing. _______________________ 13. My dream is to become an astronaut. _______________________ 14. Confused by the question, he asked for help. _______________________ 15. The teacher asked us to read the text aloud. _______________________ II. 用非谓语改写句子 1. When she heard the music, she began to dance. → ______ the music, she began to dance. 2. Because he was moved by the story, he cried. → ______ by the story, he cried. 3. After I finished my breakfast, I went to school. → ______ my breakfast, I went to school. 4. The girl who is singing on the stage is my cousin. → The girl ______ on the stage is my cousin. 5. The letter that was written in French is hard to read. → The letter ______ in French is hard to read. 6. He studies hard because he wants to enter a good university. → He studies hard ______ a good university. 7. If it is heated, ice turns into water. → ______, ice turns into water. 8. She jumped with joy when she saw the present. → ______ the present, she jumped with joy. 9. The box is too heavy. I can't carry it. → The box is too heavy ______. 10. When the sun rose, the fog disappeared. → ______, the fog disappeared. 11. The man who is watering flowers is our gardener. → The man ______ flowers is our gardener. 12. Because they were encouraged by the teacher, they tried again. → ______ by the teacher, they tried again. 13. I need a pen so that I can write down the notes. → I need a pen ______ the notes. 14. She forgot that she had locked the door. → She forgot ______ the door. 15. After he turned off the lights, he left the room. → ______ the lights, he left the room. III. 适当形式填空（谓语非谓语综合） 1.She often ________ (practise) playing the piano after school. 2.________ (read) books every day helps improve your vocabulary. 3. The students were excited ________ (visit) the science museum tomorrow. 4. When I entered the room, he ________ (draw) a picture of mountains. 5. My mother asked me ________ (clean) my room immediately. 6. The film ________ (direct) by Zhang Yimou won an international award. 7. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. 8. The boy promised ________ (finish) his homework before bedtime. 9. I heard her ________ (sing) an English song in the next room. 10. The trees ________ (plant) last spring are growing well now. 11. He decided ________ (return) the book to the library next week. 12. The girl ________ (stand) under the tree is my cousin from Canada. 13. By last year, they ________ (plant) over 1,000 trees in the desert. 14. ________ (learn) a foreign language requires patience and practice. 15. She felt nervous when ________ (give) a speech in front of 500 people. 16. The bridge ________ (build) in 1950 still serves the local community. 17. We must avoid ________ (make) the same mistake again. 18. When ________ (ask) about his future plan, he smiled but said nothing. 19. She needs ________ (drink) more water to stay healthy. 20. The children are happy ________ (receive) new toys on their birthdays. IV.语法填空 Next month, our school 1.________ (organize) an ecology camp. By this time last year, we 2.________ (already/plant) 500 trees near the river. Ms. Lee, our science teacher who 3.________ (work) here for 15 years, 4.________ (announce) yesterday that this year’s theme is 5.________ (protect) endangered species. 6.________ (prepare) for the camp, students 7.________ (gather) research materials now. Yesterday, I saw Tom 8.________ (study) bird migration patterns in the library. He hopes 9.________ (present) his findings at the camp. The posters 10.________ (display) in the hallway were created by the art club. While 11.________ (hike) in the forest last weekend, we noticed trash 12.________ (pile) up near the trail. This 13.________ (become) a serious problem recently. 14. ________ (shock) by the pollution, we decided 15. ________ (launch) a cleanup project during the camp. V.合并句子 1.He finished his homework. He went out to play football.(用现在分词作时间状语) → ________________________________________ 2.The book was written by Mo Yan. It became a bestseller.(用过去分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 3.She wants to pass the exam. She studies until midnight.(用不定式作目的状语) → ________________________________________ 4.The girl is dancing on the stage. She is my younger sister.(用现在分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 5.He was tired after work. He fell asleep on the sofa.(用形容词短语作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 6.They heard the news. They jumped with joy.(用现在分词作结果状语) → ________________________________________ 7.I have a lot of work. I can’t go to the concert.(用动名词作主语) → ________________________________________ 8.The building was destroyed in the earthquake. It is being rebuilt now.(用过去分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 9.She opened the window. She wanted to let in fresh air.(用不定式作目的状语) → ________________________________________ 10.He stood at the door. He waved goodbye to us.(用现在分词作伴随状语) → ________________________________________ 11.The problem is too difficult. I can’t solve it alone.(用不定式作结果状语) → ________________________________________ 12.We walked along the river. We saw many cherry blossoms.(用现在分词作时间状语) → ________________________________________ 13.The letter was written in French. I couldn’t understand it.(用过去分词作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 14.He practices speaking English every day. It improves his fluency.(用动名词作主语) → ________________________________________ 15.She was given a scholarship. She decided to study abroad.(用过去分词作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Lesson6 非谓语 不定式（to do） 不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语(包括疑问词＋不定式)、宾语补足语、定语、状语. 动词不定式的特殊句型 (1) too...to 表示“太······而不能” The boy is too young to look after himself. 小男孩太小了,不会照顾自己. (2)...enough to 表示“······足够”. He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大,可以上学. (3)Why don't you+不带 to的不定式＝Why not+不带to的不定式 Why don't you get her a photo album? =Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢? (4)had better+(not)+不带to的不定式 You'd better not stay there today. 今天你最好不要待在那儿. (5)Will you please+不带 to的不定式 Will you please close the door? 请把门关上好吗? (6)prefer to do sth, rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”. She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱. 动名词（ing） 有动词意义的名词，不可作谓语，一般作为主语，宾语和定语 1. 只能接动名词的动词 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 keep doing sth.不间断地做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 finish doing sth.做完某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事 can't help doing sth.禁不住做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 2. 既可跟动词不定式又可跟动名词的动词 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘了做过某事 forget to do sth.忘了去做某事(未做) stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 sth.need doing 某事需要去做(被动含义) need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义) try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 分词（doing/ done） 高中新增分词的用法，现在分词和动名词都是V.ing形式，但用法有区别 主语 宾语 表语 定语 补语(宾补、主补) 状语 不定式 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 动名词 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 分词 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ 非谓语形式改写 被动 完成式 进行式 完成式被动 doing being done having done / having been done to do to be done to have done to be doing to have been done 谓语与非谓语的区分 1.逻辑主语一致。 非谓语既然作为动词，自然会有做这个动作的发出者，我们称之为逻辑主语。一般来说非谓语的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，或是和语境一致。 对比： Climbing the mountain, we got caught in the rain. Climbing the mountain, the rain started. 句子主语和非谓语的主语都是we【我们爬山/ 我们被困在雨中】，否则会翻译为【雨开始下了/ 雨在爬山】不符合语境。 2.基本功能 目的状语 → 不定式（To save time, he took a taxi.） 原因状语 → 分词（Being ill, he stayed at home.） 宾语性质 → 动名词（avoid smoking） / 不定式（decide to leave） I. 判断黑体动词分别是什么成分以及是否非谓语 1. She studied English for three hours yesterday. _______________________ 2. The movie we watched last night was very exciting. _______________________ 3. Running in the park every morning keeps him healthy. ___________________ 4. He wants to prepare a speech for the competition. _______________________ 5. The flowers look beautiful in the sunlight. _______________________ 6. Written in 1845, this poem is still popular today. _______________________ 7. I saw a boy smiling at me across the street. _______________________ 8. The book placed on the desk belongs to Lisa. _______________________ 9. Being honest is important in any relationship. _______________________ 10. We heard the birds singing in the trees. _______________________ 11. To finish the project on time, they worked late. _______________________ 12. The window broken by the storm needs repairing. _______________________ 13. My dream is to become an astronaut. _______________________ 14. Confused by the question, he asked for help. _______________________ 15. The teacher asked us to read the text aloud. _______________________ 1.studied，谓语动词（一般过去式），在句中作谓语（描述主语动作）。 2.was，谓语动词（系动词），在句中作系动词（构成系表结构）。 3.Running，非谓语动词（动名词 Gerund），在句中作主语（表示动作概念）。 4.to prepare，非谓语动词（不定式 Infinitive），在句中作宾语（接在动词 wants 后）。 5.look，谓语动词（系动词），在句中作谓语（连接主语与表语）。 6.Written，非谓语动词（过去分词 Past Participle），在句中作状语,与主语之间构成被动关系，表示时间背景。 7.smiling，非谓语动词（现在分词 Present Participle），在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语之间构成主动关系，并表示同时进行，补充说明 boy 的状态。 8.placed，非谓语动词（过去分词 Past Participle），在句中作定语，修饰名词 book，并构成被动关系。 9.Being,非谓语动词（动名词 Gerund）,Being honest在句中作主语（表示抽象概念）。 10.singing，非谓语动词（现在分词 Present Participle），在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语之间构成主动关系，并表示同时进行，补充说明 birds 的动作。 11.To finish，非谓语动词（不定式 Infinitive），在句中作状语（表示目的）。 12.broken，非谓语动词（过去分词 Past Participle），在句中作定语，与修饰名词 window构成被动关系。 13.to become，非谓语动词（不定式 Infinitive），在句中作表语（说明主语 dream 的内容）。 14.Confused，非谓语动词（过去分词 Past Participle），在句中作状语（表示原因），表示主语的感受。 15.to read，非谓语动词（不定式 Infinitive），宾语补足语（补充说明 us 的动作）。 II. 用非谓语改写句子 1. When she heard the music, she began to dance. → ______ the music, she began to dance. 2. Because he was moved by the story, he cried. → ______ by the story, he cried. 3. After I finished my breakfast, I went to school. → ______ my breakfast, I went to school. 4. The girl who is singing on the stage is my cousin. → The girl ______ on the stage is my cousin. 5. The letter that was written in French is hard to read. → The letter ______ in French is hard to read. 6. He studies hard because he wants to enter a good university. → He studies hard ______ a good university. 7. If it is heated, ice turns into water. → ______, ice turns into water. 8. She jumped with joy when she saw the present. → ______ the present, she jumped with joy. 9. The box is too heavy. I can't carry it. → The box is too heavy ______. 10. When the sun rose, the fog disappeared. → ______, the fog disappeared. 11. The man who is watering flowers is our gardener. → The man ______ flowers is our gardener. 12. Because they were encouraged by the teacher, they tried again. → ______ by the teacher, they tried again. 13. I need a pen so that I can write down the notes. → I need a pen ______ the notes. 14. She forgot that she had locked the door. → She forgot ______ the door. 15. After he turned off the lights, he left the room. → ______ the lights, he left the room. 1. Hearing→ Hearing the music, she began to dance. 2. Moved→ Moved by the story, he cried. 3. Having finished→ Having finished my breakfast, I went to school. 4. singing→ The girl singing on the stage is my cousin. 5. written→ The letter written in French is hard to read. 6. to enter→ He studies hard to enter a good university. 7. Heated→ Heated, ice turns into water. 8. Seeing→ Seeing the present, she jumped with joy. 9. for me to carry→ The box is too heavy for me to carry. 10. The sun rising→ The sun rising, the fog disappeared. 11. watering→ The man watering flowers is our gardener. 12. Encouraged→ Encouraged by the teacher, they tried again. 13. to write down→ I need a pen to write down the notes. 14. locking→ She forgot locking the door. 15. Turning off→ Turning off the lights, he left the room. III. 适当形式填空（谓语非谓语综合） 1.She often ________ (practise) playing the piano after school. 2.________ (read) books every day helps improve your vocabulary. 3. The students were excited ________ (visit) the science museum tomorrow. 4. When I entered the room, he ________ (draw) a picture of mountains. 5. My mother asked me ________ (clean) my room immediately. 6. The film ________ (direct) by Zhang Yimou won an international award. 7. If it ________ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. 8. The boy promised ________ (finish) his homework before bedtime. 9. I heard her ________ (sing) an English song in the next room. 10. The trees ________ (plant) last spring are growing well now. 11. He decided ________ (return) the book to the library next week. 12. The girl ________ (stand) under the tree is my cousin from Canada. 13. By last year, they ________ (plant) over 1,000 trees in the desert. 14. ________ (learn) a foreign language requires patience and practice. 15. She felt nervous when ________ (give) a speech in front of 500 people. 16. The bridge ________ (build) in 1950 still serves the local community. 17. We must avoid ________ (make) the same mistake again. 18. When ________ (ask) about his future plan, he smiled but said nothing. 19. She needs ________ (drink) more water to stay healthy. 20. The children are happy ________ (receive) new toys on their birthdays. 1.practises 2.Reading 3.to visit 4.was drawing 5.to clean 6.directed 7.rains 8.to finish 9.singing 10.planted 11.to return 12.standing 13.had planted 14.Learning 15.giving 16.built 17.making 18asked 19.to drink 20.to receive IV.语法填空 Next month, our school 1.________ (organize) an ecology camp. By this time last year, we 2.________ (already/plant) 500 trees near the river. Ms. Lee, our science teacher who 3.________ (work) here for 15 years, 4.________ (announce) yesterday that this year’s theme is 5.________ (protect) endangered species. 6.________ (prepare) for the camp, students 7.________ (gather) research materials now. Yesterday, I saw Tom 8.________ (study) bird migration patterns in the library. He hopes 9.________ (present) his findings at the camp. The posters 10.________ (display) in the hallway were created by the art club. While 11.________ (hike) in the forest last weekend, we noticed trash 12.________ (pile) up near the trail. This 13.________ (become) a serious problem recently. 14. ________ (shock) by the pollution, we decided 15. ________ (launch) a cleanup project during the camp. 1.will organize 2.had already planted 3.has worked 4.announced 5.to protect 6.To prepare 7.are gathering 8.studying 9.to present 10.displayed 11.hiking 12.piling 13.has become 14.Shocked 15.to launch V.合并句子 1.He finished his homework. He went out to play football.(用现在分词作时间状语) → ________________________________________ 2.The book was written by Mo Yan. It became a bestseller.(用过去分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 3.She wants to pass the exam. She studies until midnight.(用不定式作目的状语) → ________________________________________ 4.The girl is dancing on the stage. She is my younger sister.(用现在分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 5.He was tired after work. He fell asleep on the sofa.(用形容词短语作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 6.They heard the news. They jumped with joy.(用现在分词作结果状语) → ________________________________________ 7.I have a lot of work. I can’t go to the concert.(用动名词作主语) → ________________________________________ 8.The building was destroyed in the earthquake. It is being rebuilt now.(用过去分词作定语) → ________________________________________ 9.She opened the window. She wanted to let in fresh air.(用不定式作目的状语) → ________________________________________ 10.He stood at the door. He waved goodbye to us.(用现在分词作伴随状语) → ________________________________________ 11.The problem is too difficult. I can’t solve it alone.(用不定式作结果状语) → ________________________________________ 12.We walked along the river. We saw many cherry blossoms.(用现在分词作时间状语) → ________________________________________ 13.The letter was written in French. I couldn’t understand it.(用过去分词作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 14.He practices speaking English every day. It improves his fluency.(用动名词作主语) → ________________________________________ 15.She was given a scholarship. She decided to study abroad.(用过去分词作原因状语) → ________________________________________ 1.Having finished his homework, he went out to play football. 2.The book written by Mo Yan became a bestseller. 3.She studies until midnight to pass the exam. 4.The girl dancing on the stage is my younger sister. 5.Tired after work, he fell asleep on the sofa. 6.Hearing the news, they jumped with joy. 7.Having a lot of work prevents me from going to the concert. 8.The building destroyed in the earthquake is being rebuilt now. 9.She opened the window to let in fresh air. 10.Standing at the door, he waved goodbye to us. 11.The problem is too difficult for me to solve alone. 12.Walking along the river, we saw many cherry blossoms. 13.Written in French, the letter couldn’t be understood by me. 14.Practicing speaking English every day improves his fluency. 15.Given a scholarship, she decided to study abroad. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $