2026-2027学年新高一暑期衔接Lesson 3简单句到复杂句 导学案

Lesson 3 简单句到特殊句 简单句： 由一个主语和一个谓语（或并列谓语构成） 可以通过增加谓语后的其他成分构成以下基本句型： 1.S+V The movie began 10 minutes ago. 2.S+V+P Your solution proves right. 3.S+V+O I completed the quiz. 4.S+V+O+O Sophie made me a kite. 5.S+V+O+OC We call him Masa. 除简单句外，初中阶段常考的还有以下几种特殊句式： 1.感叹句（what/how） What a beautiful flower!/How beautiful the flowers are! 2.there be（倒装） There are many students in the school. 3.倒装句（so do I/ neither did I） 高中阶段除了对倒装句的学习会更深之外，还会增加强调句。由于高考没有单选题，因此对于复杂句的考察难度和知识面都有增加，比起单独考察某一种句子类型，会结合从句的省略句以及特殊句式和从句的区分一起，综合考察学生对语言知识的运用能力。 高中新增 强调句： It is/was+被强调的部分＋that/who+其他，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等. 注意： 1.that不可替换为which，且不能省略 2.强调主语时，注意主谓一致 3.强调内容是时间状语从句时，句式为“It is/was not until... that...+其他” It was not until twelve o'clock last night that I went to bed.我昨天晚上直到十二点才睡觉. 4. 与“It is/was+时间＋when从句”不能混淆 It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.(强调句型) It was midnight when I got here yesterday.(时间状语从句) 倒装句： 1.全倒装 (1)地点副词或方位副词 here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首,而主语是名词时,句子则完全倒装。 主语是人称代词时，主谓顺序不变。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去 Out they rushed.他们冲出去了. (2)地点状语位于句首时,将谓语置于主语之前,进行完全倒装. 注：动词必须是不及物动词（come, go, lie, rush, stand, fall, hang, run等） South of the river lies a small factory.河的南边有一个小工厂. (3)such, then, now, thus, the following等位于句首,谓语动词为come, follow, begin, end, be等时用完全倒装. Such are the facts.事实就是这样的. The following is the answer to the question.这个问题的答案如下. (4)there be句型用完全倒装.此时,结构中的be可用lie, exist, stand, live, seem等动词替代. There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.山顶上有一座古塔. 改写为以地点状语放句首的倒装句 __________________________________________________________________________ (5)有时为了突出或强调,可用“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构. Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.出席晚会的有格林先生,还有许多别的宾客. Seated on the ground are a group of young men.坐在地上的是一群小伙子. 2.部分倒装 (1)含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时.如:few, little, never, not, no, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely...when/before, no sooner...than, not only...but(also),at no time, by no means, under no circumstances, on no account等. He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.他个性活跃,很少待在室内. (2)only修饰状语(从句),并置于句首时,后面部分要部分倒装. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.在被邀请了三次以后,他才去参加了那个会议. (3)在虚拟条件句中,从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时,可将if省略,而把were, had, should移到句首,即“Were/Had/Should+主语＋谓语其他部分＋主句” Should he(=If he should) come, tell him to ring me up.万一他来了,告诉他给我打电话. (4)as或though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装:名词／形容词／副词／动词原形＋as/though+主语＋其他.注意:在此结构中,开头的名词前不用冠词. Boy as he is, he knows a lot.虽然只是个孩子,但他懂得很多. Much as I like it, I will not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它,但我不会买它. Try as he might, he could not find a job.不管怎么努力,他还是找不到工作. (5)在so...that和 such...that结构中,将“so+adj./adv.”和“such +n.”提到句首时,主句部分用部分倒装. So little did I think that we were talking together for the last time.我没想到我们这次谈话竟然成了诀别. So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想象它的速度. (6)not only...but also 连接两个并列分句,not only置于句首时,分句使用部分倒装. Not only will help be given to those who are hunting for jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅会给那些找工作的人提供帮助,而且也会给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗服务. (7)hardly ... when, no sooner ... than, scarcely...when“刚······就”.当 hardly, no sooner 或者 scarcely 位于句首时,它们所在的主句部分倒装. 主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时 No sooner had the game started(主句)than it began to rain(从句). 这场比赛刚开始，就下雨了。 省略句： 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或从句的主语为it且从句中有be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词. When(water is)heated, water can be turned into vapour. 把水加热,水就会变成水蒸气. If(it is) possible, bring me a cake.如果有可能的话,给我带块蛋糕. I.把下列句子改成正确的表达. 1.Did he begin to learn English only when he was 30 years old. _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Not only can he repair bikes but can he repair televisions. _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.-I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. -So do I. _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.A child as/though he is, he is very brave. _______________________________________________________________________________ II.一句多译. 1.我早早地出了门,以便成为第一个到达那里的人. ①I left early__________ I could be the first person to arrive there. ②I left early__________ I could be the first person to arrive there, ③I left early__________ be the first person to arrive there. 2.在这个小岛上,玛丽被奶奶抚养长大. ①________________________________________ on the small island. ②________________________________________ brought up Mary on the small island.(强调主语) ③________________________________________ her grandma brought up on the small island.(强调宾语) ④________________________________________ Mary was brought up by her grandma.(强调地点状语) 3. I met Mary on my way to school last night.昨天晚上在上学的路上我遇到了玛丽. ①→________________________________________ I met on my way to school last night.(强调宾语) ②→________________________________________ I met Mary last night.(强调地点状语) ③→________________________________________ I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语) ④→________________________________________ met Mary on my way to school last night.(强调主语) III.语法填空. 1. __________ (positive) an article is, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book. 2.Not until last year__________ they encourage the development of tourism-related activities in the rural areas. 3.You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel__________ the coach picks up tourists. 4.“It's the ocean__________ makes Rockaway so special.” she says. 5.If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would die, and so__________ the sick children of Nome. 6. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the__________ (great) burden you will put on your body at night. 7.Children, when__________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 8.Only when Lily walked into the office__________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. 9.Only after talking to two students__________ I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 10.It was when we were returning home__________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 11.Video games can be a poor influence if__________ (leave)in the wrong hands. 12.It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do__________ makes life happy. 13.It was the culture, rather than the language, __________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 14.Was it because Jack came late for school__________ Mr. Smith got angry? 15.Opposite our school__________ (lie) a park, where a lot of people play or take exercise at any time. 16.It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks__________ I found we had a lot in common. 17.__________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen. 18.Not until I returned__________ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 19.The__________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. 20.Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much__________ too little. 21. Sometimes hunger hit me so severely__________ I regarded dried sweet potato slices as a delicious snack. 22. It's unnecessary and it's not important at all. We needn't care about it. It is one's inner beauty__________ matters. 23. Yes, but it is not as easy__________ you imagine. 24. Chopsticks may be made of any of the following materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, or plastic, and they may be__________ round or square. IV.翻译 1.我从未有过这么令人激动的假期。这个特殊的假期深深刻在我的脑中。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我从来没意识到一个小小的善举会有如此巨大的影响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.直到那时，我才意识到，勇敢能克服一切困难。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.尽管身体虚弱，她仍然挣扎着站起来，继续寻求帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.正是在那一刻，我意识到我们应该始终保持诚实。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.正是这段经历教会我无论我们面临什么困难，都不能放弃希望。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.是你和我分享了丰富的英语知识和英语文化。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.正是通过参与比赛，我获得了更多自信，享受到了团队合作的乐趣。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Lesson 3 简单句到特殊句 简单句： 由一个主语和一个谓语（或并列谓语构成） 可以通过增加谓语后的其他成分构成以下基本句型： 1.S+V The movie began 10 minutes ago. 2.S+V+P Your solution proves right. 3.S+V+O I completed the quiz. 4.S+V+O+O Sophie made me a kite. 5.S+V+O+OC We call him Masa. 除简单句外，初中阶段常考的还有以下几种特殊句式： 1.感叹句（what/how） What a beautiful flower!/How beautiful the flowers are! 2.there be（倒装） There are many students in the school. 3.倒装句（so do I/ neither did I） 高中阶段除了对倒装句的学习会更深之外，还会增加强调句。由于高考没有单选题，因此对于复杂句的考察难度和知识面都有增加，比起单独考察某一种句子类型，会结合从句的省略句以及特殊句式和从句的区分一起，综合考察学生对语言知识的运用能力。 高中新增 强调句： It is/was+被强调的部分＋that/who+其他，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等. 注意： 1.that不可替换为which，且不能省略 2.强调主语时，注意主谓一致 3.强调内容是时间状语从句时，句式为“It is/was not until... that...+其他” It was not until twelve o'clock last night that I went to bed.我昨天晚上直到十二点才睡觉. 4. 与“It is/was+时间＋when从句”不能混淆 It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.(强调句型) It was midnight when I got here yesterday.(时间状语从句) 倒装句： 1.全倒装 (1)地点副词或方位副词 here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首,而主语是名词时,句子则完全倒装。 主语是人称代词时，主谓顺序不变。 Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去 Out they rushed.他们冲出去了. (2)地点状语位于句首时,将谓语置于主语之前,进行完全倒装. 注：动词必须是不及物动词（come, go, lie, rush, stand, fall, hang, run等） South of the river lies a small factory.河的南边有一个小工厂. (3)such, then, now, thus, the following等位于句首,谓语动词为come, follow, begin, end, be等时用完全倒装. Such are the facts.事实就是这样的. The following is the answer to the question.这个问题的答案如下. (4)there be句型用完全倒装.此时,结构中的be可用lie, exist, stand, live, seem等动词替代. There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.山顶上有一座古塔. 改写为以地点状语放句首的倒装句 __________________________________________________________________________ On the top of the mountain stands an ancient tower. (5)有时为了突出或强调,可用“表语＋系动词＋主语”的完全倒装结构. Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests.出席晚会的有格林先生,还有许多别的宾客. Seated on the ground are a group of young men.坐在地上的是一群小伙子. 2.部分倒装 (1)含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时.如:few, little, never, not, no, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcely...when/before, no sooner...than, not only...but(also),at no time, by no means, under no circumstances, on no account等. He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors.他个性活跃,很少待在室内. (2)only修饰状语(从句),并置于句首时,后面部分要部分倒装. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.在被邀请了三次以后,他才去参加了那个会议. (3)在虚拟条件句中,从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时,可将if省略,而把were, had, should移到句首,即“Were/Had/Should+主语＋谓语其他部分＋主句” Should he(=If he should) come, tell him to ring me up.万一他来了,告诉他给我打电话. (4)as或though引导让步状语从句引起的倒装:名词／形容词／副词／动词原形＋as/though+主语＋其他.注意:在此结构中,开头的名词前不用冠词. Boy as he is, he knows a lot.虽然只是个孩子,但他懂得很多. Much as I like it, I will not buy it.尽管我很喜欢它,但我不会买它. Try as he might, he could not find a job.不管怎么努力,他还是找不到工作. (5)在so...that和 such...that结构中,将“so+adj./adv.”和“such +n.”提到句首时,主句部分用部分倒装. So little did I think that we were talking together for the last time.我没想到我们这次谈话竟然成了诀别. So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想象它的速度. (6)not only...but also 连接两个并列分句,not only置于句首时,分句使用部分倒装. Not only will help be given to those who are hunting for jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.不仅会给那些找工作的人提供帮助,而且也会给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗服务. (7)hardly ... when, no sooner ... than, scarcely...when“刚······就”.当 hardly, no sooner 或者 scarcely 位于句首时,它们所在的主句部分倒装. 主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时 No sooner had the game started(主句)than it began to rain(从句). 这场比赛刚开始，就下雨了。 省略句： 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或从句的主语为it且从句中有be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词. When(water is)heated, water can be turned into vapour. 把水加热,水就会变成水蒸气. If(it is) possible, bring me a cake.如果有可能的话,给我带块蛋糕. I.把下列句子改成正确的表达. 1.Did he begin to learn English only when he was 30 years old. _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Not only can he repair bikes but can he repair televisions. _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.-I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. -So do I. _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.A child as/though he is, he is very brave. _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. He began to learn English only when he was 30 years old./ Only when he was 30 years old did he begin to learn English. 2.Not only can he repair bikes but he can repair televisions. 3.-I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.一So it is with me /It is the same with me. 4.Child as/though he is, he is very brave. II.一句多译. 1.我早早地出了门,以便成为第一个到达那里的人. ①I left early__________ I could be the first person to arrive there. ②I left early__________ I could be the first person to arrive there, ③I left early__________ be the first person to arrive there. 2.在这个小岛上,玛丽被奶奶抚养长大. ①________________________________________ on the small island. ②________________________________________ brought up Mary on the small island.(强调主语) ③________________________________________ her grandma brought up on the small island.(强调宾语) ④________________________________________ Mary was brought up by her grandma.(强调地点状语) 3. I met Mary on my way to school last night.昨天晚上在上学的路上我遇到了玛丽. ①→________________________________________ I met on my way to school last night.(强调宾语) ②→________________________________________ I met Mary last night.(强调地点状语) ③→________________________________________ I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语) ④→________________________________________ met Mary on my way to school last night.(强调主语) 1.①so that ②in order that ③in order to 2.①Mary was brought up by her grandma ②It was her grandma who/that ③It was Mary who/that ④It was on the small island that 3. ①It was Mary that/who ②It was on my way to school that ③It was last night that ④ It was I who/that III.语法填空. 1. __________ (positive) an article is, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book. 2.Not until last year__________ they encourage the development of tourism-related activities in the rural areas. 3.You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel__________ the coach picks up tourists. 4.“It's the ocean__________ makes Rockaway so special.” she says. 5.If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would die, and so__________ the sick children of Nome. 6. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the__________ (great) burden you will put on your body at night. 7.Children, when__________ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 8.Only when Lily walked into the office__________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. 9.Only after talking to two students__________ I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 10.It was when we were returning home__________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 11.Video games can be a poor influence if__________ (leave)in the wrong hands. 12.It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do__________ makes life happy. 13.It was the culture, rather than the language, __________ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 14.Was it because Jack came late for school__________ Mr. Smith got angry? 15.Opposite our school__________ (lie) a park, where a lot of people play or take exercise at any time. 16.It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks__________ I found we had a lot in common. 17.__________ (sit) under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen. 18.Not until I returned__________ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 19.The__________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. 20.Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much__________ too little. 21. Sometimes hunger hit me so severely__________ I regarded dried sweet potato slices as a delicious snack. 22. It's unnecessary and it's not important at all. We needn't care about it. It is one's inner beauty__________ matters. 23. Yes, but it is not as easy__________ you imagine. 24. Chopsticks may be made of any of the following materials: bamboo, wood, gold, silver, ivory, or plastic, and they may be__________ round or square. 1.the more...the more“越······就越”.填The more positive. 2.did 3.句意:你等错地方了.长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客.强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与 that/who去掉后,句子意思依然清楚,结构依然完整.经判断,“The coach picks up tourists at the hotel.”句子成分完整,句意明确,故本句是强调句.因强调的内容是地点,故应填that. 4.考查强调句型.填that. 5.考查so的倒装结构,前面用了would,后面也用would.填would. 6.greater 7.accompanied 8.did 9.did 10.that 11.left 12.that 13.that 14.that 15.分析句子,可知本句中有地点状语提前,句子应全部倒装,即主语放在谓语动词后面.填lies 16.句意:直到我们在一起待了几个星期我们才发现我们有许多共同之处.not until 句式的强调有固定的句型,即:It is/was not until...that...填 that. 17.句意:坐在树下的是一位十七八岁的迷人的女孩.这是一个倒装句,正常语序应是:A charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen was sitting under the tree.填Sitting. 18.句意:直到回来,我才发现安静的小镇生活对我才是最好的.not until放在句首,后面的主句要倒装.因为谓语动词为实义动词 realize,所以要用助动词did并提到主语前面.填did. 19.句意:你越是努力击败他,就越可能被击败.此处为the＋比较级＋主谓,the+比较级＋主谓”的句型,表示“越······就越”.填 harder. 20.句意为“既不要太贵也不要太便宜”.neither...nor“既不······也不”.填nor. 21.句意:有时候饥饿感是如此强烈以至于我都把土豆片当作美味的点心.此处是结果状语从句,“so...that”结构.填that. 22.句意为“重要的是内在美”.此处是强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分＋that/who+其他.此处强调的是主语 one's inner beauty.填 that. 23.not as...as“与······不一样”.填as. 24.句意:······它们可能是圆形的也可能是方形的.either...or“或者······或者”.填either. IV.翻译 1.我从未有过这么令人激动的假期。这个特殊的假期深深刻在我的脑中。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.我从来没意识到一个小小的善举会有如此巨大的影响。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3.直到那时，我才意识到，勇敢能克服一切困难。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4.尽管身体虚弱，她仍然挣扎着站起来，继续寻求帮助。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 5.正是在那一刻，我意识到我们应该始终保持诚实。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 6.正是这段经历教会我无论我们面临什么困难，都不能放弃希望。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 7.是你和我分享了丰富的英语知识和英语文化。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 8.正是通过参与比赛，我获得了更多自信，享受到了团队合作的乐趣。 1. Never had I had such a thrilling vacation before. The special trip was deeply engraved in my mind. 2. Never had I realized a small act of kindness might be powerful enough to make a huge difference. 3. Only then did I realize that bravery could conquer difficulty. 4. Weak as she was，she struggled to her feet，continuing seeking for assistance. 5. It was at that moment that I realized we should always be honest. 6. It was this experience that taught me whatever difficulty we are faced with, we mustn’t give up our hope. 7. It was you who shared rich English knowledge and English culture with me. 8. It was by getting involved in the competition that I gained more confidence and enjoyed the pleasure of teamwork。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $