Topic 10 Natural Ecology 2026年暑假英语初升高衔接（全国通用）

**基本信息** 跨教材整合“自然生态”主题，以高考真题为导向，融合语篇理解、语言知识与综合题型，提升语言能力与生态文化意识。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语篇阅读|亚马逊雨林语篇+5道选择题|主题式语篇分析，含段落主旨、细节推断|以“自然生态”为核心，整合教材单元内容，构建“特征-价值-威胁”认知链条| |词汇句式|20+阅读词汇+20+写作词汇+3句翻译|语言知识巩固，聚焦生态主题词汇与核心句式|从语篇提取高频词汇，通过中英互译内化表达，服务语言输出| |综合题型|听力14题+阅读3篇+语法填空1篇|涵盖高考常见题型，如阅读理解、语法填空|以真题为载体，从输入（听、读）到输出（词汇、句式），实现语言能力与思维品质协同发展|

TOPIC 10 Natural Ecology  话题：自然生态 涉及教材： 人教版：必修二Unit 2 Wildlife protection 外研版：必修一Unit 5 Into the wild 外研版：必修一Unit 6 At one with nature 外研版：选择性必修二 Unit 5 A delicate world 译林版：必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 考察语篇形式： [2025·新课标II卷]阅读理解 C（植物对人类的积极影响） [2023·新高考全国I卷]阅读D(原生态环境) [2023·全国甲卷]阅读D(灰熊数量在美国的变化) [2023·全国乙卷七选五(室内种植植物的好处) [2023·浙江1月考]完形填空(收蜂蜜) [2023·浙江1月考]应用文写作(认识我们身边的植物) [2023·浙江1月考]读后续写(作者救蜂鸟) [2022·新高考全国I卷]语法填空(大熊猫国家公园) [2022·全国甲卷]阅读B(凤头鹦鹉) Preview: Getting to Know Thematic Words & Phrases Before Reading&Lead-in Q1: What plants or animals do you know about? What is special about them? Q2: In what ways can humans affect ecosystems? While Reading 译林版：必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres , the Amazon rainforest is more than half the  size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.  More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs ofthe planet". Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattie farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？  After Reading Understanding the text—A (Read the speech transcript and find the topic sentence for each paragraph.) Para Main Idea 1 A.The major threat from human activities and the urgent question 2 B. Plant species and the layered structure of the forest 3 C.Introduction to the Amazon rainforest 4 D.Importance as "lungs of the planet" and a treasure house of species 5 E.Wildlife, food chain, and nutrient cycling 6 F.Basic information about the rainforest (location, size, river, biodiversity) 【答案】1 → C 2 → F 3 → B 4 → E 5 → D 6 → A Understanding the text—B （Read the magazine article and complete the blank.） 【答案】(1) 8(2)6 million (3)6400 (4)40000 (5)1300 (6)400 (7)20% (8)17% Understanding the text—C （Reading Comprehension——Multiple Choice Question） 1. According to the passage, which statement about the Amazon rainforest is TRUE? A. It is about the same size as China. B. It is home to one in five known species in the world. C. Its area is more than half the size of China. D. The Amazon River is shorter than the Yangtze River. 2. Why does the author mention the Brazil nut tree and water lilies in Paragraph 3? A. To prove that the Amazon has the richest biodiversity. B. To give examples of the wide variety of plant species in the forest. C. To show that all plants in the Amazon are useful to humans. D. To explain how the forest's layered structure is formed. 3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the author's attitude towards the destruction of the rainforest? A. The author is optimistic about the future of the Amazon. B. The author believes that human activities are unavoidable and acceptable. C. The author is deeply concerned and urges people to take action. D. The author thinks that the rainforest will recover naturally. 4. The underlined word "irreplaceable" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______. A. too valuable to be replaced B. easily replaceable C. of little value D. harmful to the environment 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To describe the beauty and wildlife of the Amazon rainforest. B. To inform readers about the Amazon's biodiversity and the threat it faces. C. To argue that agriculture and cattle farming should be banned in the Amazon. D. To explain how the Amazon River supports different ecosystems. 【答案】CBCAB 课文重点单词及短语填空练习 （1） 阅读词汇（英译中）——根据英文写出中文含义 1. 2. a sea of green — __________________ 3. maintain the fine balance — __________ 4. ecosystem — __________________ 5. continent — __________________ 6. in length — __________________ 7. biodiversity — __________________ 8. species — __________________ 9. brazil nut tree — __________________ 10. water lilies — __________________ 11. unbelievable variety — ___________ 12. roots — __________________ 13. leaf litter — __________________ 14. towering — __________________ 15. hardwoods — __________________ 16. mammals — __________________ 17. yellowish-brown — _______ 18. in turn — __________________ 19. microorganisms — ___________ 20. break down — __________________ 21. nutrients — __________________ （二）写作词汇（中译英）——根据中文写出英文单词或短语 1. 2. 丛林 — __________________ 3. 维持，保持 — __________________ 4. 平衡 — __________________ 5. 面积 — __________________ 6. 支持，支撑 — __________________ 7. 种类，多样性 — __________________ 8. 古老的 — __________________ 9. 足，巨大的 — __________________ 10. 军队，一大群 — __________________ 11. 消失 — __________________ 12. 由于，因为 — __________________ 13. 农业 — __________________ 14. 影响 — __________________ 15. 处于危险中 — __________________ 16. 灭绝 — __________________ 17. 承受得起，负担得起 — ___________ 18. 损害，破坏 — __________________ 19. 氧气 — __________________ 20. 不可替代的 — __________________ 21. 星球，行星 — __________________ 二、重点句式翻译练习 1. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 2. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 3. 亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产氧气为地球注入生命。 阅读词汇（英译中） 1. 2. 一片绿色的海洋 3. 维持微妙的平衡 4. 生态系统 5. 大陆，洲 6. 在长度上，长达…… 7. 生物多样性 8. 物种，种类 9. 巴西坚果树 10. 睡莲，水百合 11. 令人难以置信的多样性 12. 根，根部 13. 落叶层，枯枝落叶 14. 高耸的，参天的 15. 阔叶硬木 16. 哺乳动物 17. 黄褐色的 18. 相应地，转而 19. 微生物 20. 分解 21. 营养物，养分 写作词汇（中译英） 1. 2. jungle 3. maintain 4. balance 5. area 6. support 7. variety 8. ancient 9. enormous / huge 10. army 11. disappear 12. due to / because of 13. agriculture 14. impact 15. in danger 16. extinction 17. afford 18. damage 19. oxygen 20. irreplaceable 21. planet 句式翻译 1. 作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的微妙平衡方面起着重要作用。 2. 在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，约17%的雨林已经消失。 3. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing oxygen. Natural Ecology 话题训练 一、听力选择题 1．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Health. B．Education. C. Environment. 【答案】C 【原文】M: I wonder if our children will still be able to breathe clean air, drink clean water and see a blue sky. W: Yes. I think it’s time man learned to live in harmony with the earth instead of destroying it. 2．What does the woman say about the spider? A．It is dangerous. B．It is unusual. C．It is big. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Ahhh! There’s a spider over there! Can you kill it, please? It’s big! M: Ha-ha, that spider won’t hurt you. Only a few unusual kinds of spiders can kill you, and that’s not one of them. 3．What does Karen ask the man to do? A．Water her plants. B．Get rid of dead plants. C．Hire a gardener. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Karen, look at the plants in your garden. I’m afraid they’ll die if you don’t water them. W: Oh, I’ve been too busy recently. I’ve totally forgotten to water them. Could you do that for me? 4．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Forest fires. B．Wildlife protection. C．Endangered rainforests. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Most of the world’s rainforests are in danger. They are disappearing at an alarming rate. W: Yeah, many plants and a large population of animals exist only in rainforest. Have you heard of the Amazon rainforest fires in 2019? M: Yes, they led to mass loss of wildlife. 5．What happened to the man? A．He was bitten by a cat. B．He injured his arm. C．He lost his dog. 【答案】A 【原文】W: How is your leg? I can’t believe a cat actually bit you. M: It’s not serious. It was pretty strange to see a cat acting like a big dog, though! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How many cats does the woman want? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 7．What color cat does the woman choose? A．Black. B．Gray. C．White. 【答案】6．C 7．B 【原文】M: My co-worker has three baby cats to give away. Do you want one? W: Is that all I can have? I’d like to have them all. M: Other people may want one, but you can have first choice. There’s a black one, a gray one and a white one. W: It is said that black cats bring good luck, but I think I’ll go for a gray cat. M: OK. If you can have another one, I’ll bring the black to you as well. W: Let’s hope no one else wants them. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．How did the man feel about last night’s documentary? A．It was a bit disappointing. B．It was his favorite. C．It was very interesting. 9．What was last night’s documentary about? A．Elephants. B．Dolphins. C．Bears. 10．What does the man complain about? A．The camera. B．The music. C．The story. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．B 【原文】W: Did you see that documentary, Nature Watch, last night? M: I did. I wouldn’t want to miss anything from that series. I didn’t think it was as good as last week’s one on elephants, though. W: I actually find dolphins much more interesting, so I thought last night’s one was better. The next one’s about bears, which should be great. M: Yeah, I can’t wait. There is one problem with the series though. W: Oh, what’s that? M: I really can’t find any problem with the camera work, but I think whoever wrote the music shouldn’t be asked to do it for a nature series again. It’s a bit annoying, especially when I try to focus on the story. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．What is mainly talked about in the program? A．How to choose goldfish. B．How to keep goldfish. C．How to clean goldfish containers. 12．How many pieces of tips are given by the speaker? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 13．How often should the water be changed at least? A．Twice a month. B．Once a month. C．Once a week. 14．What will the speaker do at the end of this talk? A．Show a video. B．Give some examples. C．Explain in more detail. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 【原文】 Morning everyone. Today, we’re going to talk about how to keep goldfish. Speaking of goldfish, this animal is very common to see everywhere. First, choose the largest possible container you can afford and decorate it with objects such as small rocks and plants. However, be careful not to put sharp objects in the container that may harm your fish. Second, feed them only as much as they can eat in a few minutes and immediately remove any leftover food. The last thing is to clean the container and change the water at least once every week. By doing all these things, you can be sure your fish will survive longer. Now, let’s watch a short video, and you can have a better understanding of what I’ve said. 二、阅读理解 Passage A There are many famous lakes in China. The following are some of them. West Lake, Hangzhou West Lake is a gift of nature. Located in the west part of Hangzhou and surrounded (围绕) by green hills, this lake is famous for beautiful scenery, a lot of historical sites and native products. In addition, West Lake can always be seen in paintings. Kanas Lake, Xinjiang Kanas Lake is one of the deepest lakes in China. It is home to about 800 kinds of plants and more than 100 kinds of birds. Surrounded by snow-capped mountains and thick forest, the lake takes on different colors in different seasons. Kanas Lake is also a mysterious (神秘的) place, and it’s said that large creatures have been seen in it. Erhai Lake, Yunnan Located in the northwest part of Dali City, Yunnan Province, Erhai Lake is a plateau (高原) lake. As the lake has a shape of an ear, it gets the name Erhai. Called “the pearl on plat-eau” for its beautiful scenery, it is also one of the most attractive places in Yunnan. Yamdrok Lake, Xizang Surrounded by beautiful snow-capped mountains, this lake is fed by many small streams. With an area of 675 square kilometers, this lake has large lakeside grassland, which serves as highland pastures (牧场). There are lots of fish living in the lake, which are caught by local people. From April to October, fish caught in this lake are sold at the market in Lhasa. 15．Which lake is preferred by painters according to the text? A．Yamdrok Lake. B．Kanas Lake. C．Erhai Lake. D．West Lake. 16．What do Kanas Lake and Yamdrok Lake have in common? A．They are fed by many small rivers. B．They can serve as highland pastures. C．They are surrounded by snow-capped mountains. D．They are famous for a lot of strange animals. 17．Why does Erhai Lake get its name? A．It looks like an ear. B．It is very beautiful. C．It is a plateau lake. D．It has many stories. 【答案】15．D 16．C 17．A 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的一些著名的湖泊。 【详解】15．推理判断题。根据“West Lake, Hangzhou”部分关键句“In addition, West Lake can always be seen in paintings.”（此外，西湖总是可以在画中看到。）可知，西湖总是可以在画中看到，也就是说，画家喜欢画西湖，由此可推断出，画家们喜欢的湖是西湖。故选D项。 16．细节理解题。根据“Kanas Lake, Xinjiang”部分关键句“Surrounded by snow-capped mountains and thick forest, the lake takes on different colors in different seasons.”（湖被白雪皑皑的群山和茂密的森林所环绕，在不同的季节呈现出不同的颜色。）可知，新疆喀纳斯湖被白雪皑皑的群山所环绕；根据“Yamdrok Lake, Xizang”部分关键句“Surrounded by beautiful snow-capped mountains, this lake is fed by many small streams.”（这个湖被美丽的白雪皑皑的群山环绕，由许多小溪组成。）可知，西藏羊卓雍湖也被白雪皑皑的群山所环绕，由此可知，喀纳斯湖和羊卓雍湖的共同点是它们都被雪山环绕。故选C项。 17．细节理解题。根据“Erhai Lake, Yunnan”部分关键句“As the lake has a shape of an ear, it gets the name Erhai.（由于这个湖有耳朵的形状，所以得名洱海。）可知，洱海之所以有这个名字是因为它看起来像一只耳朵。故选A项。 Passage B Milu deer are one of China’s most loved and special animals. They have a horse’s face, cow’s feet, red deer’s antlers and a donkey’s tail — this special look makes them stand out among other animals. Long ago, milu deer were common across China. They lived in groups and ate grass, as well as soft parts of trees like small branches. But in the past, people hunted them a lot for food or fun. The Ming and Qing dynasties did not protect these deer, so many of them died. In 1900, milu deer completely disappeared from China. Luckily, before all milu deer died in China, some were taken to Europe. The Duke of Bedford from Britain gathered these deer and kept them in his deer park. The milu deer liked England’s cool and wet weather, and their numbers grew year by year. In 1985, 20 milu deer were sent back to China from Britain and lived in Beijing Nanhaizi Milu Park. The next year, 39 more arrived from the UK to Dafeng Milu Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province. Milu deer were very happy to be back in their home country. Their numbers started to grow quickly. In the 1990s,64 milu deer were sent to a new reserve in Shishou, Hubei Province. There, they can move freely and eat wild plants, and they continue to live safely. Today, milu deer still live in nature reserves where they are well protected and cared for. Their population is growing fast. People are training the deer to live in the wild, so they can one day return to nature and survive on their own. Saving the milu deer has been a big success, and now we need to make sure they live happily forever. 18．What makes milu deer a special animal? A．They live in groups. B．They have a special look. C．They eat grass and branches. D．They can live in both China and Europe. 19．Why did milu deer disappear from China in 1900? A．They moved to Europe. B．They had no food to eat. C．The weather got too cold. D．People hunted them a lot. 20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Milu deer disappeared from China in 1890. B．Milu deer first went to Hubei after returning to China. C．People no longer protect milu deer in nature reserves. D．The Duke of Bedford helped milu deer grow in number in Europe. 21．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The number of milu deer is going down. B．Milu deer can’t live in the wild again. C．People need to keep protecting milu deer in the future. D．Milu deer can already live in the wild without any human help now. 【答案】18．B 19．D 20．D 21．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍麋鹿的外形特征、曾在中国绝迹的原因，以及其被引入欧洲繁衍、重回中国后得到保护并数量增长的过程。 【详解】18．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They have a horse’s face, cow’s feet, red deer’s antlers and a donkey’s tail — this special look makes them stand out among other animals. (它们有着马的脸、牛的脚、马鹿的角和驴的尾巴——这种特别的外形让它们在其他动物中脱颖而出。)”可知，独特的外形是麋鹿成为特殊动物的原因。故选B项。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But in the past, people hunted them a lot for food or fun. The Ming and Qing dynasties did not protect these deer, so many of them died. In 1900, milu deer completely disappeared from China.(但在过去，人们为了食物或娱乐大量猎杀它们。明清两代没有保护这些鹿，所以很多鹿都死了。1900年，麋鹿在中国彻底绝迹。)”可知，人们的大量猎杀以及缺乏保护导致麋鹿1900年在中国绝迹。故选D项。 20．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Duke of Bedford from Britain gathered these deer and kept them in his deer park. The milu deer liked England’s cool and wet weather, and their numbers grew year by year.(英国的贝德福德公爵收集了这些鹿，把它们养在自己的鹿园里。麋鹿喜欢英国凉爽湿润的气候，数量逐年增加。)”可知，贝德福德公爵助力麋鹿在欧洲实现了数量增长，该表述符合文意。故选D项。 21．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Saving the milu deer has been a big success, and now we need to make sure they live happily forever.(拯救麋鹿的行动取得了巨大成功，而现在我们需要确保它们永远幸福地生活下去。)”可知，麋鹿保护虽有成效，但未来人们仍需要继续保护麋鹿。故选C项。 Passage C Qiandao Lake (千岛湖), also known as the Xin’an River Reservoir, is an artificial lake. 22 . It was built to impound the upper reaches of the Xin'an River for the construction of the Xin'an River Hydropower Station in Chun'an County, about 129 km west from Hangzhou. 23 . It has 448 square kilometers of forest area with a forest coverage rate as high as 81% (93% on the islands). In 2010, the scenic spot was rated as a national AAAAA level scenic spot. It is famous for the crystal-clear deep water, fresh and tender fish and sweet mountain spring water. Meifeng Island (梅峰岛) is the best place to climb. 24 . If you don’t like climbing, you can take a cable car at the foot of the mountain. Walking from the top to the bottom of the island, you can enjoy the excellent scenery. Looking across Qiandao Lake, the islands are like plum blossoms floating on the water. The small islands dotted in front of you are like stars in the Milky Way. 25 . This is the island with a love theme. ★The Yuelao Statue sits in the garden next to the lake, which looks as if he were reading marriage fortunes for visitors while doing match-making works. At the Yule Bridge, carps in the pond compete for food from tourists. And in the Love Garden, locks are commonly seen. It is said that there are 160,000 locks on the island, and the largest one is a dragon lock listed in Guinness Book. Quality water breeds quality fish. 26 . The white fish head soup in Qiandao Lake will make your mouth water. It’s also a special dish served on state banquets. A．The project was completed in 1960. B．There are many locks on Moonlight Island. C．It is always attractive to those climbing enthusiasts. D．It is said that fish in Qiandao Lake have no muddy aftertaste. E．You can have a panoramic view of the lake area on the peak. F．Moonlight Island is connected by four small islands and three bridges. G．Qiandao Lake Scenic Area is famous for its ecological environment. 【答案】22．A 23．G 24．E 25．F 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了千岛湖，包括其建造信息、生态环境、著名景点以及特色美食等内容。 22．根据下文“It was built to impound the upper reaches of the Xin’an River for the construction of the Xin’an River Hydropower Station in Chun’an County (它是为了拦截新安江上游水流，以便在淳安县建造新安江水力发电站而修建的)” 可知，此处应接着说工程完成时间，A 选项 “The project was completed in 1960(该工程于 1960 年完成)” 符合语境，故选A。 23．根据下文“It has 448 square kilometers of forest area with a forest coverage rate as high as 81% (93% on the islands) (它拥有 448 平方公里的森林面积，森林覆盖率高达 81%（岛屿上为 93%）)” 可知，此段在讲千岛湖的生态环境，G 选项“Qiandao Lake Scenic Area is famous for its ecological environment(千岛湖风景区以其生态环境而闻名)”符合语境，为最佳标题。故选G。 24．根据上文“Meifeng Island (梅峰岛) is the best place to climb.(梅峰岛是攀爬的最佳地点)” 以及下文 “Looking across Qiandao Lake, the islands are like plum blossoms floating on the water.(俯瞰千岛湖，岛屿就像漂浮在水面上的梅花)” 可知，在梅峰岛山顶能看到美丽景色，E 选项 “You can have a panoramic view of the lake area on the peak(在山顶你可以俯瞰湖区全景)” 符合语境，故选E。 25．根据下文“This is the island with a love theme.(这是一个以爱情为主题的岛屿)” 及下文对岛上景点描述可知，此段围绕一个岛展开，F 选项 “Moonlight Island is connected by four small islands and three bridges(月光岛由四个小岛和三座桥连接而成)” 引出该岛，符合语境。故选F。 26．根据上文“Quality water breeds quality fish.(优质的水孕育出优质的鱼)” 以及下文“The white fish head soup in Qiandao Lake will make your mouth water.(千岛湖的白鱼头汤会让你流口水)” 可知，此处讲千岛湖鱼的特点，D 选项 “It is said that fish in Qiandao Lake have no muddy aftertaste(据说千岛湖的鱼没有泥腥味)” 符合语境，故选D。 三、语法填空 Passage D 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Great Wall of China is the longest wall in the world. It is one of the most popular 27 (place) in China and it is popular among people from all over the world. Why do so many people love the Great Wall? Maybe it’s because it is very huge and long. The Great Wall is 28 (actual) 21, 196. 18 kilometers long. It is even 29 (long) than the equator (赤道). The Great Wall 30 (have) some different parts. In my opinion, two parts of 31 (they) are very popular. The first one is Jinshanling Great Wall and 32 other one is Badaling Great Wall. Jinshanling Great Wall is in Hebei Province. I think it is the most beautiful part. You can enjoy different beautiful views all year 33 , from spring to winter. Badaling Great Wall is 34 a famous part that it 35 (visit) by lots of visitors every day. Some leaders from other countries always choose to visit it when they travel to China. They enjoy 36 (walk) on it. They say the Great Wall is really great. 【答案】 27．places 28．actually 29．longer 30．has 31．them 32．the 33．round 34．such 35．is visited 36．walking 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国长城。 27．考查名词复数。句意：它是中国最受欢迎的地方之一，并且受到来自世界各地人们的喜爱。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，place是可数名词，这里要用复数形式。故填places。 28．考查副词。句意：实际上，长城有21196.18公里长。提示词修饰整个句子，用副词actually，意为“实际上”。故填actually。 29．考查形容词比较级。句意：它甚至比赤道还要长。根据后面的“than the equator”可知，这里要用形容词比较级longer作表语，意为“更长”。故填longer。 30．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：长城有一些不同的部分。have(有)是谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语The Great Wall是专有名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has。 31．考查人称代词宾格。句意：在我看来，它们当中的两部分非常受欢迎。提示词作介词of后宾语，用宾格代词them。故填them。 32．考查定冠词。句意：第一个是金山岭长城，另一个是八达岭长城。“one... and the other...”表示“一个……另一个……”是固定搭配，所以这里要用定冠词the。故填the。 33．考查固定短语。句意：你一年四季都可以欣赏到不同的美景，从春天到冬天。“all year round”是固定短语，表示“全年，一年到头”。故填round。 34．考查固定句型。句意：八达岭长城是如此著名的一部分，以至于每天都有很多游客参观它。“such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that...”是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填such。 35．考查时态语态。句意：八达岭长城是如此著名的一部分，以至于每天都有很多游客参观它。visit(参观)是从句谓语动词，与主语it(指代Badaling Great Wall)之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“every day”可知，描述经常发生的事情，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数代词，谓语用单数形式。故填is visited。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们喜欢在上面行走。“enjoy doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“喜欢做某事”，用动名词walking作宾语。故填walking。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。I wonder if our children will still be able to breathe clean air, drink clean water and see a blue sky? Yes, I think it's time, man, learn to live in harmony with earth instead of destroying IT. Listen to the next question. Ah there's a spider over there. Can you kill IT, please? It's big. Ha, that spider won't hurt you. Only a few unusual kinds of spiders can kill you, and that's not one of them. There's a spider over there. Can you kill IT, please? It's big, that spider won't hurt you. Only a few unusual kinds of spider can kill you, and that's not one of them. Listen to the next . question. Caron, look at the plants in your garden. I'm afraid they'll die if you . don't water them. Too busy recently, i've totally forgotten to water them. Could you do that for me? Caron, look at the plants in your garden. I'm afraid they'll die if you don't water them. I've been too busy recently. I've totally forgotten to water them. Could you do that for me? Listen to the next . question. Most of the world's rain forests are in danger. They're disappearing at an alarming rate. Yeah, many plants and a large population of animals exist only in rainforest. Have you heard of the amazon rain forest fires in . twenty nineteen? Yes, they had to mass loss of wild life. Most of the world's rain forests are in danger. They're disappearing at an alarming rate. Yeah, many plants and a large population of animals exist only in rain forest. Have you heard of the amazon rain forest fires in twenty nine? Yes, they had to. Mass loss of wildlife life. Listen to the next . question. How is your leg? I can't believe. I can actually bet you it's . not serious. That was pretty strange to see a cat acting like a big dog, though. How is your leg? I can't believe. I can actually bet you it's . not serious. That was pretty strange to see a cat acting like a big dog, though. Listen to the next . question. My co worker has three baby cats to give away. Do you want one? Is that all I can have? I'd like to have them. All other people may want one, but you can have first choice. There's a black one, a gray one and a White one. IT is said that black cat spring, good luck, but I think i'll go for a great cat. okay? If you can have another one, i'll bring the black to you as well. Let's hope no one else wants them. My co worker has three baby cats to give away. Do you want one? Is that all I can have? I'd like to have them. All other people may want one, but you can have first choice. There's a black one, a gray one and a White one. IT is said that black cat, bring good luck, but I think i'll . go for a great cat. okay? If you can have another one, i'll bring the black . to you as well. Let's hope no one else wants them. Listen to the next . question. Did you see that documentary nature watch last night? I did. I wouldn't want to miss anything from that series. I didn't think IT was as good as last week's one on elephant. though I actually find dolphins much more interesting. So I thought last night's one was Better. The next ones about bears, which should . be great. Yeah, I can't wait. There is one problem with the series though. Oh, what's that? I really can't find any problem with the camera work, but I think whoever wrote the music shouldn't be asked to do IT for a nature series. Again, it's a bit annoying, especially when I try to focus on the story. Did you see that documentary nature watch last night? I did. I wouldn't want to miss anything from that series. I didn't think IT was as good as last week's one on elephant. though I actually find dolphins much more interesting. So I thought last night's one was Better. The next ones about bears, which should be great. Yeah, I can't wait. There is one problem with the series though. Oh, what's that? I really . can't find any problem with the camera work, but I think whoever wrote the music shouldn't be asked to do IT for a nature series. Again, it's a bit annoying, especially when I try to focus on the story. Listen to the next . question . morning, everyone. Today we are going to talk about how to keep gold fish. Speaking of gold fish, this animal is very common to see everywhere. First, choose the largest possible container you can afford and decorated with objects such as small rocks and plants. However, be careful not to put sharp objects in the container that may harm your fish. Second, feed them only as much as they can eat in a few minutes and immediately remove any leftover food. The last thing is to clean the container and change the water at least once every week. By doing all these things, you can be sure your fish will survive longer. Now let's watch a short video, and you can have a Better understanding of what i've said. Morning, everyone. Today we are going to talk about how to keep gold fish. Speaking of gold fish, this animal is very common to see everywhere. First, choose the largest possible container you can afford, and decorate IT with objects such as small rocks and plants. However, be careful not to put sharp objects in the container that may harm your fish. Second, feed them only as much as they can eat in a few minutes and immediately remove any left over food. The last thing is to clean the container and change the water at least once every week. By doing all these things, you can be sure your fish will survive longer. Now let's watch a short video, and you can have a Better understanding of what i've said. 听力部分到此结束。 TOPIC 10 Natural Ecology  话题：自然生态 涉及教材： 人教版：必修二Unit 2 Wildlife protection 外研版：必修一Unit 5 Into the wild 外研版：必修一Unit 6 At one with nature 外研版：选择性必修二 Unit 5 A delicate world 译林版：必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance 考察语篇形式： [2025·新课标II卷]阅读理解 C（植物对人类的积极影响） [2023·新高考全国I卷]阅读D(原生态环境) [2023·全国甲卷]阅读D(灰熊数量在美国的变化) [2023·全国乙卷七选五(室内种植植物的好处) [2023·浙江1月考]完形填空(收蜂蜜) [2023·浙江1月考]应用文写作(认识我们身边的植物) [2023·浙江1月考]读后续写(作者救蜂鸟) [2022·新高考全国I卷]语法填空(大熊猫国家公园) [2022·全国甲卷]阅读B(凤头鹦鹉) Preview: Getting to Know Thematic Words & Phrases Before Reading&Lead-in Q1: What plants or animals do you know about? What is special about them? Q2: In what ways can humans affect ecosystems? While Reading 译林版：必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres , the Amazon rainforest is more than half the  size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.  More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs ofthe planet". Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattie farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？  After Reading Understanding the text—A (Read the speech transcript and find the topic sentence for each paragraph.) Para Main Idea 1 A.The major threat from human activities and the urgent question 2 B. Plant species and the layered structure of the forest 3 C.Introduction to the Amazon rainforest 4 D.Importance as "lungs of the planet" and a treasure house of species 5 E.Wildlife, food chain, and nutrient cycling 6 F.Basic information about the rainforest (location, size, river, biodiversity) Understanding the text—B （Read the magazine article and complete the blank.） Understanding the text—C （Reading Comprehension——Multiple Choice Question） 1. According to the passage, which statement about the Amazon rainforest is TRUE? A. It is about the same size as China. B. It is home to one in five known species in the world. C. Its area is more than half the size of China. D. The Amazon River is shorter than the Yangtze River. 2. Why does the author mention the Brazil nut tree and water lilies in Paragraph 3? A. To prove that the Amazon has the richest biodiversity. B. To give examples of the wide variety of plant species in the forest. C. To show that all plants in the Amazon are useful to humans. D. To explain how the forest's layered structure is formed. 3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the author's attitude towards the destruction of the rainforest? A. The author is optimistic about the future of the Amazon. B. The author believes that human activities are unavoidable and acceptable. C. The author is deeply concerned and urges people to take action. D. The author thinks that the rainforest will recover naturally. 4. The underlined word "irreplaceable" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______. A. too valuable to be replaced B. easily replaceable C. of little value D. harmful to the environment 5. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To describe the beauty and wildlife of the Amazon rainforest. B. To inform readers about the Amazon's biodiversity and the threat it faces. C. To argue that agriculture and cattle farming should be banned in the Amazon. D. To explain how the Amazon River supports different ecosystems. 课文重点单词及短语填空练习 （1） 阅读词汇（英译中）——根据英文写出中文含义 1. 2. a sea of green — __________________ 3. maintain the fine balance — __________ 4. ecosystem — __________________ 5. continent — __________________ 6. in length — __________________ 7. biodiversity — __________________ 8. species — __________________ 9. brazil nut tree — __________________ 10. water lilies — __________________ 11. unbelievable variety — ___________ 12. roots — __________________ 13. leaf litter — __________________ 14. towering — __________________ 15. hardwoods — __________________ 16. mammals — __________________ 17. yellowish-brown — _______ 18. in turn — __________________ 19. microorganisms — ___________ 20. break down — __________________ 21. nutrients — __________________ （二）写作词汇（中译英）——根据中文写出英文单词或短语 1. 2. 丛林 — __________________ 3. 维持，保持 — __________________ 4. 平衡 — __________________ 5. 面积 — __________________ 6. 支持，支撑 — __________________ 7. 种类，多样性 — __________________ 8. 古老的 — __________________ 9. 足，巨大的 — __________________ 10. 军队，一大群 — __________________ 11. 消失 — __________________ 12. 由于，因为 — __________________ 13. 农业 — __________________ 14. 影响 — __________________ 15. 处于危险中 — __________________ 16. 灭绝 — __________________ 17. 承受得起，负担得起 — __________________ 18. 损害，破坏 — __________________ 19. 氧气 — __________________ 20. 不可替代的 — __________________ 21. 星球，行星 — __________________ 二、重点句式翻译练习 1. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 2. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 3. 亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产氧气为地球注入生命。 Natural Ecology 话题训练 一、听力选择题 1．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Health. B．Education. C．Environment. 2．What does the woman say about the spider? A．It is dangerous. B．It is unusual. C．It is big. 3．What does Karen ask the man to do? A．Water her plants. B．Get rid of dead plants. C．Hire a gardener. 4．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Forest fires. B．Wildlife protection. C．Endangered rainforests. 5．What happened to the man? A．He was bitten by a cat. B．He injured his arm. C．He lost his dog. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．How many cats does the woman want? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 7．What color cat does the woman choose? A．Black. B．Gray. C．White. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．How did the man feel about last night’s documentary? A．It was a bit disappointing. B．It was his favorite. C．It was very interesting. 9．What was last night’s documentary about? A．Elephants. B．Dolphins. C．Bears. 10．What does the man complain about? A．The camera. B．The music. C．The story. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 11．What is mainly talked about in the program? A．How to choose goldfish. B．How to keep goldfish. C．How to clean goldfish containers. 12．How many pieces of tips are given by the speaker? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 13．How often should the water be changed at least? A．Twice a month. B．Once a month. C．Once a week. 14．What will the speaker do at the end of this talk? A．Show a video. B．Give some examples. C．Explain in more detail. 二、阅读理解 Passage A There are many famous lakes in China. The following are some of them. West Lake, Hangzhou West Lake is a gift of nature. Located in the west part of Hangzhou and surrounded (围绕) by green hills, this lake is famous for beautiful scenery, a lot of historical sites and native products. In addition, West Lake can always be seen in paintings. Kanas Lake, Xinjiang Kanas Lake is one of the deepest lakes in China. It is home to about 800 kinds of plants and more than 100 kinds of birds. Surrounded by snow-capped mountains and thick forest, the lake takes on different colors in different seasons. Kanas Lake is also a mysterious (神秘的) place, and it’s said that large creatures have been seen in it. Erhai Lake, Yunnan Located in the northwest part of Dali City, Yunnan Province, Erhai Lake is a plateau (高原) lake. As the lake has a shape of an ear, it gets the name Erhai. Called “the pearl on plat-eau” for its beautiful scenery, it is also one of the most attractive places in Yunnan. Yamdrok Lake, Xizang Surrounded by beautiful snow-capped mountains, this lake is fed by many small streams. With an area of 675 square kilometers, this lake has large lakeside grassland, which serves as highland pastures (牧场). There are lots of fish living in the lake, which are caught by local people. From April to October, fish caught in this lake are sold at the market in Lhasa. 15．Which lake is preferred by painters according to the text? A．Yamdrok Lake. B．Kanas Lake. C．Erhai Lake. D．West Lake. 16．What do Kanas Lake and Yamdrok Lake have in common? A．They are fed by many small rivers. B．They can serve as highland pastures. C．They are surrounded by snow-capped mountains. D．They are famous for a lot of strange animals. 17．Why does Erhai Lake get its name? A．It looks like an ear. B．It is very beautiful. C．It is a plateau lake. D．It has many stories. Passage B Milu deer are one of China’s most loved and special animals. They have a horse’s face, cow’s feet, red deer’s antlers and a donkey’s tail — this special look makes them stand out among other animals. Long ago, milu deer were common across China. They lived in groups and ate grass, as well as soft parts of trees like small branches. But in the past, people hunted them a lot for food or fun. The Ming and Qing dynasties did not protect these deer, so many of them died. In 1900, milu deer completely disappeared from China. Luckily, before all milu deer died in China, some were taken to Europe. The Duke of Bedford from Britain gathered these deer and kept them in his deer park. The milu deer liked England’s cool and wet weather, and their numbers grew year by year. In 1985, 20 milu deer were sent back to China from Britain and lived in Beijing Nanhaizi Milu Park. The next year, 39 more arrived from the UK to Dafeng Milu Nature Reserve in Jiangsu Province. Milu deer were very happy to be back in their home country. Their numbers started to grow quickly. In the 1990s,64 milu deer were sent to a new reserve in Shishou, Hubei Province. There, they can move freely and eat wild plants, and they continue to live safely. Today, milu deer still live in nature reserves where they are well protected and cared for. Their population is growing fast. People are training the deer to live in the wild, so they can one day return to nature and survive on their own. Saving the milu deer has been a big success, and now we need to make sure they live happily forever. 18．What makes milu deer a special animal? A．They live in groups. B．They have a special look. C．They eat grass and branches. D．They can live in both China and Europe. 19．Why did milu deer disappear from China in 1900? A．They moved to Europe. B．They had no food to eat. C．The weather got too cold. D．People hunted them a lot. 20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Milu deer disappeared from China in 1890. B．Milu deer first went to Hubei after returning to China. C．People no longer protect milu deer in nature reserves. D．The Duke of Bedford helped milu deer grow in number in Europe. 21．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The number of milu deer is going down. B．Milu deer can’t live in the wild again. C．People need to keep protecting milu deer in the future. D．Milu deer can already live in the wild without any human help now. Passage C Qiandao Lake (千岛湖), also known as the Xin’an River Reservoir, is an artificial lake. 22 . It was built to impound the upper reaches of the Xin'an River for the construction of the Xin'an River Hydropower Station in Chun'an County, about 129 km west from Hangzhou. 23 . It has 448 square kilometers of forest area with a forest coverage rate as high as 81% (93% on the islands). In 2010, the scenic spot was rated as a national AAAAA level scenic spot. It is famous for the crystal-clear deep water, fresh and tender fish and sweet mountain spring water. Meifeng Island (梅峰岛) is the best place to climb. 24 . If you don’t like climbing, you can take a cable car at the foot of the mountain. Walking from the top to the bottom of the island, you can enjoy the excellent scenery. Looking across Qiandao Lake, the islands are like plum blossoms floating on the water. The small islands dotted in front of you are like stars in the Milky Way. 25 . This is the island with a love theme. ★The Yuelao Statue sits in the garden next to the lake, which looks as if he were reading marriage fortunes for visitors while doing match-making works. At the Yule Bridge, carps in the pond compete for food from tourists. And in the Love Garden, locks are commonly seen. It is said that there are 160,000 locks on the island, and the largest one is a dragon lock listed in Guinness Book. Quality water breeds quality fish. 26 . The white fish head soup in Qiandao Lake will make your mouth water. It’s also a special dish served on state banquets. A．The project was completed in 1960. B．There are many locks on Moonlight Island. C．It is always attractive to those climbing enthusiasts. D．It is said that fish in Qiandao Lake have no muddy aftertaste. E．You can have a panoramic view of the lake area on the peak. F．Moonlight Island is connected by four small islands and three bridges. G．Qiandao Lake Scenic Area is famous for its ecological environment. 三、语法填空 Passage D The Great Wall of China is the longest wall in the world. It is one of the most popular 27 (place) in China and it is popular among people from all over the world. Why do so many people love the Great Wall? Maybe it’s because it is very huge and long. The Great Wall is 28 (actual) 21, 196. 18 kilometers long. It is even 29 (long) than the equator (赤道). The Great Wall 30 (have) some different parts. In my opinion, two parts of 31 (they) are very popular. The first one is Jinshanling Great Wall and 32 other one is Badaling Great Wall. Jinshanling Great Wall is in Hebei Province. I think it is the most beautiful part. You can enjoy different beautiful views all year 33 , from spring to winter. Badaling Great Wall is 34 a famous part that it 35 (visit) by lots of visitors every day. Some leaders from other countries always choose to visit it when they travel to China. They enjoy 36 (walk) on it. They say the Great Wall is really great. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $