必修第一册 Unit 1 A new start（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2027年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考高频题型，整合推理判断、细节理解等解题方法，以教育与心理话题为载体，系统训练语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|3篇12题（教育/心理话题）|推理判断题定位原文逻辑推断、细节理解题精准信息匹配、标题归纳题抓核心主旨|以话题为线索，串联不同题型解题逻辑，强化文本分析与信息转化能力| |七选五|1篇5题（学习方法主题）|上下文衔接词分析、段落主旨匹配、语境逻辑连贯|从“阅读输入”到“逻辑补全”，构建语篇结构认知，提升语言组织能力|

[对应知能达标训练P435] 说明：阅读理解每题2.5分，七选五每题2.5分，本试卷共42.5分。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·江苏南京二模)This might sound impossibly old-fashioned，but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts，skills，culture，analysis，inspiration.It's supposed to make us better citizens.But over the last decade，the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees.The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both.They rise ever higher; learning doesn't. To avoid discouraging students，some school districts did away with D and F grades.Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not.It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence.But when the gaps between grades and test scores are this wide and consistent，parents and the public should not be fooled. That's true not just of low-achieving students.In a 2023 survey，educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn，and 8 out of 10 teachers give in.It's hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways.Some students，armed with good grades，march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses.Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college.Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations，which are often more negative for tough graders.Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职的) professors who have few job protections.Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors.Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth—or a performative exercise in grade fishing? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了教育系统中存在的成绩膨胀和学习质量下降的问题，提出了对当前教育目标和方法的批判，同时呼吁社会重新审视教育目的和价值。 1．What are parents fooled into thinking? A．The SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B．The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C．Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D．Children's high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Grade-point averages have...fooled.”可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距如此之大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄。故可推断出，父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。 答案　D 2．What is a consequence of grade inflation? A．Employers favor students with higher degrees. B．Graduates fall short of employers' expectations. C．Remedial classes become required courses in college. D．Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.”可知，雇主抱怨高中甚至大学毕业生缺乏职工所需的基本技能。故可确定成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。 答案　B 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Tough graders desire job security. B．Strict grading promotes real learning. C．Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more.”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，接受学习评分标准更严格的教授教程的学生学到的东西更多。故可推断出严格的评分能促进真正的学习。 答案　B 4．What is the best title for the text? A．The Game of Scores B．Today，Grade a Is for Average C．The Force Behind Grade Inflation D．Now，Learning Takes the Front Seat 解析　标题归纳题。全文围绕 “分数膨胀” 展开，从中学到大学，成绩与实际能力脱节，A等级已经不再代表真正的优秀，很多获得A的学生只是“普通”水平。B项精准地反映了文章的核心内容。 答案　B B (2026·安徽合肥八中保温卷)At top universities，there's a phenomenon known as “Stanford Duck Syndrome (综合征)”．Like ducks，students appear to move gracefully (优雅地).However，beneath the surface，they're kicking desperately to keep up. Experts from Stanford's Health Services uncovered this troubling trend: during the day，many Stanford students are seen socializing in cafés，seemingly without any stress or the need to study.However，at night，they start studying，sometimes for the entire night，trying to maintain the image of effortless success.This comes at a high price: tiredness and anxiety are widespread.Furthermore，it leads to a common misconception: true geniuses achieve success with ease，while those working hard are less capable. In an effort to challenge this misconception，researchers designed an experiment.Participants were asked to observe a series of colors carefully while scientists tracked their brain activity throughout the process.The experiment was divided into two parts: one with easily distinguishable colors and the other with colors that were quite similar，requiring more effort to differentiate.As the difficulty of the task increased，there was a noticeable increase in brain activity，particularly in areas linked to memory and abstract reasoning. The study reveals that as tasks require more effort，more areas of the brain become engaged.Growth doesn't come from talent alone but from the consistent application of effort.Our brain functions like a muscle.Without effort，even our inborn talents will fade over time. This pushes us to reconsider the underlying culture that might lead to this phenomenon.Instead of focusing too much on outcomes or singing high praise for inborn talents，we should emphasize the learning process and continuous improvement.By encouraging a culture that values effort，we can help students realize that intelligence is not fixed but grows through hard work.Such a shift would not only reduce the pressures associated with the “Stanford Duck Syndrome”，but also have a profound impact on personal development and the future of education. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章以顶尖大学中的“斯坦福鸭子综合征”引入话题，通过实验澄清“天才能够轻松取得成功”这一误解，强调了持续努力对个人发展和未来教育的积极作用。 5．What phenomenon does the “Stanford Duck Syndrome” probably describe? A．Prioritizing effort over well-being. B．Relieving stress through social activities. C．Displaying graceful images to attract others. D．Hiding hard work to appear naturally gifted. 解析　细节理解题。由第一段最后两句对现象的描述可知，学生表面优雅(“appear to move gracefully”)，实际在拼命努力(“kicking desperately to keep up”)。第二段的前两句补充说明：学生白天假装轻松社交，晚上熬夜学习以维持“轻松成功”的形象(“maintain the image of effortless success”)，由此可知，“斯坦福鸭子综合征”表现为：隐藏努力工作，以显得天赋异禀。 答案　D 6．How does the experiment in paragraph 3 challenge the misconception? A．By showing effort fuels the brain activity. B．By proving focus enhances brain function. C．By linking color recognition to intelligence. D．By associating careful observation with talent. 解析　细节理解题。由第三段的最后两句对实验过程的描述可知，任务越难(越需更多努力)，大脑活动越活跃(“noticeable increase in brain activity”)，反驳了第二段的错误观念(“天才轻松成功，努力者能力差”)，也就是说努力会促进大脑的活动。故A项正确。 答案　A 7．What is the author's main concern about “Stanford Duck Syndrome”？ A．It values the learning process over outcomes. B．It causes stress and false ideas about success. C．It prevents students from recognizing their talents. D．It makes students prioritize socializing over studying. 解析　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Experts from Stanford's Health Services uncovered this troubling trend”和“This comes at a high price: tiredness and anxiety are widespread.Furthermore, it leads to a common misconception: true geniuses achieve success with ease，while those working hard are less capable.”可知，专家们揭示了让人担忧的趋势。作者担忧这一趋势和现象会引发压力并导致人们对成功的误解。 答案　B 8．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．Fortune favors those with a clear vision. B．Sweat is the ink that writes a masterpiece. C．Work in silence and let success make the noise. D．Keep moving forward even when no one sees it. 解析　观点态度题。由第五段中的“By encouraging a culture that values effort，we can help students realize that intelligence is not fixed but grows through hard work.”可知，作者强调了努力的重要性。 答案　B C (2025·安徽A10联盟联考)If you enjoy imagining yourself dancing in the rain or standing at the front of a cruise ship，you might be experiencing what's called “main character syndrome”． In psychology，“narrative identity” refers to how people view themselves in the stories of their lives.While it was traditionally believed that most people see themselves as the main character，many might instead consider themselves as minor or side characters in a larger narrative. The researchers designed two experiments to examine how narrative identity influences the satisfaction of basic psychological needs.In the first experiment，385 undergraduate students rated their self-perception (自我认知) as either major or minor characters.The second experiment involved 298 participants who described their goals and motivations，followed by writing a story where they assumed themselves as the lead. The test revealed that participants who perceived themselves as a major character experienced significantly increased levels of need satisfaction and well-being.In contrast，those who see themselves as minor characters are more likely to feel frustrated in getting these needs satisfied.Those with higher major character perceptions tended to set goals that closely reflect their values and showed higher levels of self-motivation. In a running TV show，a social media user says: “I started living my life so every day was part of the plot.When you live your life like the ‘main character’，everything bad that happens completely changes and it goes ‘well of course，this is just for the plot’．” Likewise，since 2019 the phrase “romanticise your life” has been a frequent call for people to act more like the main character of their own personal TV show.And while these ideas might lack scientific backing，they do mirror the researchers' core finding that major character perception is linked to an increased agency. The researchers point out that when people see themselves as being the agentic force in their own lives，making decisions independently like main characters，rather than being influenced by external factors or others，they become more unified and function more effectively. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了将自己视为生活的主角，有利于心理健康和提高幸福感指数。 9．What is the concept of “narrative identity” primarily concerned with? A．The impact of culture on identity. B．The psychological effects of major life events. C．The influence of social media on self-perception. D．The functions people serve in their personal life journeys. 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In psychology，‘narrative identity’ refers to how people view themselves in the stories of their lives.”可知，在心理学中，“叙事认同”是指人们如何在自己的人生故事中看待自己，也就是人们在自己的人生旅程中所扮演的角色，D项中的“in their personal life journeys”与原文中的“in the stories of their lives”为同义表达。故选D。 答案　D 10．What did the undergraduate students involved in the first experiment measure? A．Their academic performance. B．Their emotional responses to storytelling. C．Their overall happiness as major characters. D．Their self-image as leading or supporting characters. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In the first experiment，385 undergraduate students rated their self-perception as either major or minor characters.”以及本段首句中的研究目的“examine how narrative identity influences the satisfaction of basic psychological needs”可知，在第一项实验中，385名本科生通过评价自己为主要角色还是次要角色的方式，以帮助研究人员了解对角色的感知如何影响人们对心理需求的满足程度。D项中的“self-image”与原文中的“self-perception”为近义表达，意为“自我形象”。故选D。 答案　D 11．What can be inferred about people who see themselves as minor characters? A．They are likely to have higher self-expectations. B．They tend to feel more satisfied with their lives. C.They may struggle to meet their psychological needs. D．They often have a better understanding of their life goals. 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In contrast，those who see themselves as minor characters are more likely to feel frustrated in getting these needs satisfied.”可知，研究结果表明，将自己视为次要角色的人在满足这些需求的过程中更有可能会感到沮丧，这意味着他们可能难以满足自己的心理需求。故选C。 答案　C 12．Why does the author mention the example of the social media user? A．To further support the researchers' finding. B．To highlight a popular trend on social media. C．To compare traditional media with new media. D．To explain the impact of media consumption on mental health. 解析　写作意图题。根据倒数第二段中的“while these ideas might lack scientific backing，they do mirror the researchers' core finding that major character perception is linked to an increased agency”可知，“像主角一样生活”“像主角一样行事”的观点反映了研究人员的核心发现，即主角认知与意志力增强有关，社交媒体用户的这些表述进一步印证了研究人员关于主角认知带来积极影响的发现。故选A。 答案　A Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·山东泰安开学考)As a high school student，you're likely used to learning through reading textbooks.__13__ This lies at the heart of “experiential(由经验得来的) appreciation”，a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you.It's about learning from real-life experiences，and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation，you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects.They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you're studying，making learning active and meaningful.So，try joining a sports team，picking up a paintbrush，or taking part in a local charity event.__14__ As you dive deeper，immerse(沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities.When you're in nature，don't just look around.__15__ Touching the leaves，feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. __16__ After trying something new，ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel.Write in a journal or discuss it with friends.This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured.__17__ So，explore the world around you，let every experience shape you，and discover the endless possibilities that await.This is the core of true learning，where every moment is a step towards a richer，more enlightened life. A．These activities bring learning to life. B．It extends learning far beyond textbooks. C．Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. D．Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. E．Instead，activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. F．Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. G．Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“体验式理解”的学习方法。 13．解析　设空前提到高中学生习惯通过阅读课本学习，空后提到“体验式理解”学习方法。设空处内容需起到承上启下的作用。“learning through reading textbooks”和“engage directly with the world around you”形成对比，设空处需要一个句子引出新学习方法。F项(现在考虑把你的学习从只是阅读扩展到积极参与)符合题意，衔接了上下文。故选F。 答案　F 14．解析　设空处前一句提到参加运动队、拿起画笔或参加当地慈善活动。这些是“体验式理解”学习方法的实践活动。A项中“These activities”指上文的活动，且A项说明了活动的作用。故选A。 答案　A 15．解析　设空处前一句指出在大自然中不要只是环顾四周，后一句提及触摸树叶、感受风和听鸟鸣。设空处需引出在大自然中要怎么做。E项指出要激活感官以与大自然建立更强的联系，且“your senses”对应后文的“Touching，feeling”和“listening”。故选E。 答案　E 16．解析　设空处位于段首，考虑段落主题句。后文提到尝试新事物后要反思所学及感受等。C项中的“reflecting on them”与后文“ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel”相关，且整段围绕反思经历展开。故选C。 答案　C 17．解析　设空前指出体验式理解将学习从一项待完成的任务转变为一段值得珍惜的旅程，空后作者提出建议要探索世界并从每个经历中学习，由此推出设空处需进一步说明体验式理解对学习的作用。B项中的“It”与“Experiential appreciation”相呼应，且“far beyond textbooks”与上文提到的超越课本学习相关。故选B。 答案　B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $