Unit 5 知识清单2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Unit 5 知识清单 一、单元核心主题 核心问题：What changes can inventions bring to our lives? How do we turn ideas into reality? 发明给生活带来什么改变？如何把想法变成现实？ 二、重点单词 （一）各类发明 & 电子产品 1. 2. plane /pleɪn/n. 飞机 3. camera /ˈkæmrə/n. 相机 4. laptop /ˈlæptɒp/n. 笔记本电脑 5. mobile phone 手机 6. TV /ˌtiːˈviː/n. 电视 7. high-speed train 高铁 8. radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/n. 收音机 9. 3D printer 3D 打印机 10. robot /ˈrəʊbɒt/n. 机器人 （二）动作动词（原形 / 变形） 11. invent /ɪnˈvent/v. 发明 — invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明者 12. create /kriˈeɪt/v. 创造 — creative adj. 有创造力的；creation n. 作品 13. design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. 设计 14. produce /prəˈdjuːs/v. 生产，制作 15. send /send/v. 发送（sent 过去式） 16. read /riːd/v. 读取（read 原形过去式同形） 17. connect /kəˈnekt/v. 连接 18. spread /spred/v. 传播（spread 变形不变） 19. introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs/v. 引入，介绍 20. collect /kəˈlekt/v. 收集 （三）材料、工艺相关 21. 22. paper /ˈpeɪpə(r)/n. 纸 23. fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/n. 纤维 24. bark /bɑːk/n. 树皮 25. silk /sɪlk/n. 丝绸 26. bronze ware 青铜器 27. bamboo screen 竹帘 28. plastic /ˈplæstɪk/n. 塑料 29. glue /ɡluː/n. 胶水 （四）描述作用、变化形容词 30. 31. rapid /ˈræpɪd/adj. 快速的 — rapidly adv. 32. cheap /tʃiːp/adj. 便宜的 33. soft /sɒft/adj. 柔软的 34. light /laɪt/adj. 轻便的 35. ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/adj. 理想的 36. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/adj. 有创意的 37. animal-friendly adj. 动物友好型的 （五）历史、时间、地域名词 38. 39. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/n. 朝代 40. Eastern Han Dynasty 东汉 41. Western Han Dynasty 西汉 42. Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 43. Europe /ˈjʊərəp/n. 欧洲 44. Arabic countries 阿拉伯国家 （六）拓展名词 45. 46. technique /tekˈniːk/n. 工艺，技术 47. distance /ˈdɪstəns/n. 距离 48. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/n. 挑战 49. tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/n. 旅游业 50. economic development 经济发展 51. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/n. 实验 （七）词汇变形汇总 invent v. 发明 → invention n. 发明物 → inventor n. 发明家 create v. 创造 → creative adj. 有创造力的 → creation n. 创造物 produce v. 生产 → product n. 产品 collect v. 收集 → collection n. 收藏品 rapid adj. 快速的 → rapidly adv. 快速地 三、重点短语 1. 发明、创造相关 turn ideas into reality 把想法变为现实 spread information 传播信息 send messages 发送信息 connect … to … 把…… 连接到…… build up plastic 堆叠塑料（3D 打印） carry out test flight 试飞 2. 造纸流程短语 mix and boil 混合并煮沸 beat and cut up 捶打切碎 pour over a bamboo screen 倒在竹帘上 dry and press 烘干压制 3. 被动高频搭配 be invented by 由…… 发明 be designed to do 被设计用来…… be connected to 连接到 be made of /from 由…… 制成 be used to do 被用来做 4. 课文固定短语 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 result in 导致，带来 stand up 站起来 a piece of paper 一张纸 have a big effect on 对…… 产生重大影响 speed up development 加速发展 be responsible for 促成；是…… 的原因 solve problems 解决难题 take shape 成型 5. 交通、工程短语 Qinghai-Xizang Railway 青藏铁路 frozen ground 冻土 animal-friendly bridges 野生动物通道桥 increase tourism 促进旅游业发展 四、单词详解 invent v. 发明（创造从前没有的事物） 辨析：discover v. 发现（原本存在的事物） 派生词：inventor n. 发明者；invention n. 发明物 例句：The radio was invented by Marconi. create v. 创造（侧重创作、创新） adj. creative 有创造力的 spread v. 传播（消息、文化）过去式 spread 搭配：spread news /spread culture produce v. 生产；n. product 产品 connect v. 连接 connect A to B rapid adj. 迅速的 rapidly adv. distance n. 距离 a long distance 远距离 challenge n. 巨大挑战 solve challenges 攻克难题 五、核心语法：一般现在时 & 一般过去时被动语态 1. 被动语态结构 ① 一般现在时被动：am /is/are + 过去分词 ② 一般过去时被动：was /were + 过去分词 动作执行者用 by 引出 六、重点句型 1. 谈论发明用途 A: What invention do you like the most? B: I like the mobile phone the most. A: Why? B: It can help me talk with people far away and look up information quickly. 2. 收音机课文核心句 Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. 收音机发明前，信息传递速度很慢。 The world was made much smaller by the radio. 收音机让世界变小了。 It also had a big effect on music. 它对音乐发展也产生巨大影响。 3. 蔡伦造纸核心句 All of these materials were either difficult to use or very expensive. 这些书写材料要么难用，要么昂贵。 Cai Lun got the idea that bark, plants and old clothes could make paper. 蔡伦想到树皮、植物、旧布料可以造纸。 This paper was soft, light, cheap and easy to make. 这种纸柔软轻便、造价低廉、易于制作。 Papermaking speeded up the development of Chinese culture and changed the whole world. 造纸术加速中华文化发展，改变世界文明。 4. 莱特兄弟飞机句型 They wanted to fly like birds and solved flight problems by watching birds. 他们想像鸟儿飞翔，观察鸟类解决飞行难题。 The plane makes international travel fast and shortens the distance between countries. 飞机让跨国旅行变快，拉近各国距离。 5. 被动通用例句 A mini-camera is connected to the glasses. 微型相机被连接在眼镜上。 Hundreds of dishes can be made by Smart Cook. 智能烹饪机可以做出上百种菜。 Many objects can be created by 3D printers. 3D 打印机可以打印许多物品。 七、标准对话范文 范文 1：两款新发明 Super See & Smart Cook A: What’s the first invention in the conversation? B: It’s Super See, a special pair of sunglasses with a mini camera inside. It helps people read easily. A: What about Smart Cook? B: It’s a cooking machine. You press a button, and it adds food itself to cook many dishes. 范文 2：谈论 3D 打印机 A: Where did Han Lin go last weekend? B: He visited a science museum and saw a 3D printer. It’s his favourite invention. A: Why do you like it best? B: Because it can print toys, shoes, medicine and even houses. We can design anything on computer and print it out. 范文 3：讨论收音机 Fu Xing: Which invention do you think is the most useful ever? Peter: I think it’s the radio. Before it appeared, news spread very slowly. Marconi sent the first radio message across the Atlantic in 1901. It influenced TV and global music a lot. 八、配套基础练习题 1. 单词变形 Bell ____ (invent) the phone. The phone ____ (invent) in 1876. Cai Lun was a great ____ (invent). His ____ (invent) changed the world. We can ____ (create) new things. He is a ____ (create) boy. 2. 被动语态填空 This special glasses ____ (call) Super See. The first radio message ____ (send) across the Atlantic in 1901. Many toys ____ (make) by 3D printers every day. 3. 句子翻译 收音机是马可尼发明，它极大加快了消息传播。 蔡伦利用树皮、旧布料造出轻便便宜的纸。 青藏铁路于 2006 年完工，许多特殊桥梁被修建来保护野生动物。 3D 打印机可以打印鞋子、药品甚至房屋。 九、单元作文模板 My Favourite Invention Among all great inventions, my favourite is the high-speed train. It was invented by Chinese engineers. In the past, travelling between cities took a very long time. People hoped for faster transport, so scientists kept studying and created high-speed trains. It is made of strong metal. It can run at very high speed and carry lots of passengers. It brings great changes to our life. Trips that once took hours now only take minutes. People can visit family or travel around easily. It also improves trade and communication between cities. This useful invention shortens the distance and makes our life much better. I believe more new inventions will come out in the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $