内容正文:
2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题(新教材人教版)
Unit 1 Happy Holiday【刷语法】(重点语法提升练)
复合不定代词和一般过去时
一、复合不定代词的构成:
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成,列表如下:
Somebody 某人
Someone 某人
Something 某物,某事
Anybody 任何人
Anyone 任何人
Anything 任何事物
Nobody 没有人
No one 没有人
Nothing 没有东西
Everybody 每人
Everyone 每人
Everything 一切
由于在使用中有比较特殊的习惯用法,是考试中比较常见的考点。
一:复合不定代词和部分否定
部分否定是考试中的热门考点,常表达的结构有两种:1:not+全部肯定词 2:助 动词+not+全部肯定词。其意都为“并非都,不都”。前者是一般形态,如:Not everyone likes English. 由于是基本概念,学生比较容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比较相似,容易引起学生判断上的疑惑,是出题的焦点。
二:复合不定代词的定语位置
复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候,定语必须放在不定代词后面。复合不定代词+形容词/副词:如nothing interesting; something new
三:复合不定代词与谓语的一致问题
复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Everything that glittered is not gold.
Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father.
【易错警示】
复合不定代词的用法区别
1. 大家都知道,带some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句;而带any的复合不定代词常用在否定句,如:I have something important to tell you.
If there is anything wrong, please let me know.
但是,带some 的复合不定代词也可以用在表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求,建议,询问的疑问句中。如:Would you like something to eat?
2. 带any的复合不定代词用在肯定句中带有“任何人,任何事”的意思。
Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison.
As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.
特别要注意的是带any的复合不定代词不能再用否定式。如:
Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F)
要表达否定意思,只可以用对应的全部否定的词代替。如:
Nothing could be seen in that dark room.
3. 指人的复合不定代词合写与分开写,其意思和用法不同,以any为例。
anyone 仅指人 任何人,某人, 不和of连用
any one 即指人,也指物, 任何一个的意思 可以于of连用
Anyone can do the job.
Any one of us can do the job.
4. 一般情况下,用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题,nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题。
-----What’s on the table? ----- Nothing.
-----Who is in the classroom?--------Nobody. ( No one).
二、一般过去时用法详解:
时态
含义
结构
时间状语
一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常性的动作。
was / were或其他动词的过去式形式
yesterday, in 1992, last year, three days ago等
一般过去时的基本结构:
【易错警示】
动词的过去式变化规则:
1. 规则变化
1. 一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如
call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/
1. 以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d ,如
live---lived move---moved hope---hoped
1. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,如:study---studied cry---cried try---tried
(注意:如果是元音字母加y结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played, enjoy---enjoyed)
1. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed,如
plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped
1. 不规则变化,以下是一些常见的动词的过去式
am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,
buy-bought catch-caught draw-drew run-ran beat-beat come-came become-became
get-got drive-drove sell-sold keep-kept write-wrote eat-ate swim-swam
语法过关小测
过关测试满分:70分 时间:60分钟
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共40分)
1.—Why waste time studying? It feels useless sometimes.
—Just remember the beautiful thing about learning is that _______ can take it away from you.
A.someone B.everyone C.nobody D.anybody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——为什么浪费时间学习?有时感觉毫无用处。——只需记住,学习的美好之处在于没有人能把它从你身上夺走。
someone某人;everyone每个人;nobody没有人;anybody任何人。问句“Why waste time studying? It feels useless sometimes.”质疑学习无用,答语应强调学习的价值,“... can take it away from you.”即知识一旦学会就属于自己,没有任何人能夺走,故用表示否定意义的nobody。
2.In our class, ________ can use the computer to search for information.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在我们班,每个人都可以使用电脑查找信息。
somebody某人,用于肯定句,侧重不确定的某个人,不符合本句表达全班所有人的语境;anybody任何人,多用于否定句、疑问句,肯定句中表示“随便哪个人”,不符合本句“全体同学”的含义;nobody没有人;everybody每个人,用于肯定句。根据“In our class”及现代教育常识可知,此处表示班级里的学生都具备这项技能,强调全体,故用everybody。
3.The writer thinks that ________ beats the real mail.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】C
【详解】句意:作者认为没有什么比真正的邮件更好。
something某事;anything任何事;nothing没有事;everything一切。nothing beats...意为“没有什么比……更好”,表达作者对真正的邮件的推崇,符合语境。
4.—Would you like ________ to read?
—Yes, please.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你想要点读物看看吗?——好的,麻烦了。
something某物;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么;everything一切。本句是表示委婉请求的疑问句,希望得到对方肯定回答,应使用something。
5.Is there ________ important on your phone that you must protect from hackers?
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你的手机上有什么重要的东西需要你保护以防黑客攻击吗?
something某事,常用于肯定句;anything任何事物,常用于否定句和疑问句;nothing没有什么;everything一切事物。根据“Is there...?”可知句子是一般疑问句,询问“是否有重要的东西”,需用不定代词anything。
6.There is ________ wrong with my watch. It’s five minutes fast.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的手表出了点毛病,它快五分钟。
something某事、某物,用于肯定句;anything任何事情、任何事物,用于否定句、疑问句;nothing没有事;everything一切事物。根据后文“It’s five minutes fast”,可知手表有问题,something wrong with…意为“……出问题了”,是固定表达。
7.—How was the food there?
—________ was delicious. I liked the dumplings best.
A.Nothing B.Something C.Everything D.Anything
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——那里的食物怎么样?——一切都很美味。我最喜欢饺子。
Nothing没有什么;Something某事/某物;Everything一切/所有事物;Anything任何事物。根据答语后句“I liked the dumplings best.”可知,说话者对那里的食物整体评价很高,暗示所有的食物都很美味,其中饺子是最喜欢的。Everything符合语境。
8.—Did you buy ________ in the shopping mall?
—No, I bought ________.
A.anything; nothing B.nothing; anything
C.something; anything D.anything; something
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你在购物中心买任何东西了吗?——没有,我什么都没买。
第一空是一般疑问句,通常用anything表示“任何东西”;第二空根据答语“No”可知是否定含义,且动词bought为肯定形式,故用nothing表示“没有什么东西”。应填anything;nothing。
9.—Did you meet ________ famous in Beijing?
—Yes, I met a famous ping-pong player.
A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.no one
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你在北京遇到名人了吗? ——是的,我遇到了一位著名乒乓球运动员。
anyone任何人;someone某人;everyone每个人;no one没有人。根据“Did you meet...?”可知是一般疑问句,通常使用anyone;且形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,句中famous位于空后,语序正确。
10.—Did you do ________ interesting?
—No, ________ special. I just stayed at home.
A.anything; nothing B.nothing; anything
C.something; anything D.anything; something
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你做了任何有趣的事吗?——没有,没什么特别的事。我只是待在家里了。
anything任何事,常用于疑问句或否定句;nothing没有什么;something某事,常用于肯定句。第一空位于一般疑问句中,应用anything;第二空根据答语“No”可知表示否定含义,指没什么特别的事,应用nothing。
11.—Did you go with ________?
—Yes, I went with my cousin.
A.someone B.anyone C.anything D.nothing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你和某人一起去的吗?——是的,我和我表亲一起去的。
someone某人;anyone任何人/某人;anything任何事;nothing没有什么。问句是一般疑问句,且询问对象是人,应用anyone代替someone用于疑问句中。
12.—What an easy exam! It’s the easiest exam I’ve ever taken part in.
—But I don’t think ________ can pass it.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——多么简单的考试啊!这是我参加过的最简单的考试。——但我认为不是每个人都能通过。
somebody某人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人。根据答句中“But”的转折语气可知,虽然考试很简单,但说话者认为“并非每个人”都能通过。don’t think + everybody 构成部分否定,表示“并非所有人都……”,符合转折逻辑,应填everybody。
13.I can look after myself. I don’t need to depend on ________ else.
A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我能照顾我自己。我不需要依赖任何其他人。
everybody每个人;somebody某人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人。根据前句“I can look after myself.”及本句中的否定词“don’t”可知,此处表示不需要依赖任何人,否定句中常用anybody。
14.—How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting?
—________ at all. He said________.
A.Nothing; nothing B.Nothing; none C.None; none D.None; nothing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——杰克在会议上提供了多少建议?—— 一点也没有。他什么也没说。
none没有一个,毫无;nothing没有什么。第一空根据“How much advice”可知,是询问数量,none可用来指代“数量上一点建议也没提”,常与at all搭配;第二空表示“他什么话也没说”,said nothing是固定表达,符合语境。应填None;nothing。
15.Don’t accept ________ as your online friends if you don’t know their real information.
A.something B.anyone C.no one D.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果你不知道他们的真实信息,不要接受任何人作为你的网友
something某事/某物;anyone任何人;no one没有人;everything一切事物。根据“online friends”可知对象是人,排除指物的something和everything。句子为否定祈使句,表示“不要接受任何人”,anyone常用于否定句中表示“任何人”,符合语境。
16.Mr Zhang is a music lover. For him, ________is more important than music.
A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:张先生是个音乐爱好者。对他来说,没有什么比音乐更重要。
everything一切事物;something某事;anything任何事物;nothing没有什么。根据“Mr Zhang is a music lover.”可知张先生非常热爱音乐,推测出对他来说没有事物比音乐更重要。故填nothing。
17.Lily is funnier than ________ else I know.
A.someone B.anyone C.no one D.everyone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:莉莉比我认识的任何其他人都更有趣。
someone某人;anyone任何人;no one没有人;everyone每个人。根据“Lily is funnier than...else I know.”可知,此处是用比较级表达最高级含义,固定搭配“than anyone else”意为“比任何人”。。
18.I’m hungry. I want ________ to eat.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我饿了。我想吃点东西。
something某物;anything任何物;nothing没有物;everything一切物。根据前句“I’m hungry.”可知此处表示肯定含义,且句子为肯定句,表达想要吃些东西的意愿,应用something。
19.— Did you see ________ in the room? — No, I saw ________.
A.someone; anyone B.anyone; no one
C.someone; no one D.anyone; someone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—— 你在房间里看见任何人了吗? —— 不,我谁都没看见。
someone某人;anyone任何人;no one没人。第一空是一般疑问句,用anyone;第二空根据答语“No”可知是否定含义,表示“没有人”,用no one。
20.—Did you buy ________ in the shopping center?
— No, I didn’t. ________ was very expensive.
A.special anything; Everything B.something special; Everything
C.anything special; Everything D.anything special; Something
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——你在购物中心买了什么特别的东西吗?——不,我没有。一切都很贵。
形容词修饰不定代词时要后置,something用于肯定句,anything用于疑问句或否定句,第一句为疑问句,应用anything;根据答语“No, I didn’t.”可知什么都没买,原因是“一切”都很贵,应使用Everything。
21.There is ________ warm in the story about family life.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个关于家庭生活的故事里有一些温暖动人的事。
nothing没有什么;something一些事;anything任何事;everything一切。关于家庭生活的事应该是温暖的,排除nothing,something用于肯定句,形容词修饰不定代词后置,something warm意为“温暖的事”。
22.—Lisa, I read an interesting book about animals yesterday. It told me ________ about the cheetahs.
—Really? I love cheetahs!
A.anything amazing B.amazing something
C.amazing anything D.something amazing
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——丽莎,我昨天读了一本关于动物的有趣的书。它告诉了我一些关于猎豹的令人惊奇的事情。——真的吗?我喜欢猎豹!
anything amazing一些令人惊奇的事物(多用于否定句、疑问句);amazing something表达错误;amazing anything表达错误;something amazing一些令人惊奇的事物(多用于肯定陈述句)。形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词之后,排除B、C;something某事,用于肯定句,anything任何事,常用于否定句或疑问句,本句为肯定句,排除A。应填something amazing。
23.—I’m a little hungry, Mom. Is there ________ to eat in the fridge?
—Let me check. Oh, there are only some apples left.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我有点饿了。冰箱里有什么东西吃吗?——让我看看。哦,只剩一些苹果了。
something某事,某物;anything任何事,任何物;everything每件事,一切;nothing没有什么。在一般疑问句中,常用anything表示“任何东西”,询问是否存在。something通常用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句。
24.Adam didn’t do ________ special, but he still had a good time.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
【答案】B
【详解】句意:亚当没有做任何特别的事情,但他仍然玩得很开心。
something某事;anything任何事;nothing没有什么;everything每件事。根据“didn’t”可知本句为否定句,在否定句中通常使用anything表示“任何事物”,nothing本身含有否定意义,不能与didn’t连用。故选B。
25.Listen! Someone ________ in the next room. But when I walked past, I couldn’t see ________.
A.sings; someone B.is singing; anyone C.sang; no one D.was singing; everyone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:听!有人正在隔壁房间唱歌。但是当我走过时,我没看见任何人。
sings唱歌(动词三单形式);is singing正在唱歌(现在进行时);sang唱歌(过去式);was singing当时正在唱歌(过去进行时);someone某人;anyone任何人;no one没有人;everyone每个人。根据“Listen!”可知动作此时此刻正在发生,第一空应用现在进行时is singing;根据“couldn’t”可知第二句是否定句,不定代词应用anyone。
26.Huangshan Shaobing is very delicious with different fillings (馅料) inside. I ________ it in Anhui last month.
A.taste B.tasted C.am tasting D.will taste
【答案】B
【详解】句意:黄山烧饼里有不同的馅料,非常美味。我上个月在安徽品尝了它。
根据句末的时间状语“last month”可知,本句动作发生于过去,应用一般过去时,因此空格处应填入动词的过去式形式。动词taste的过去式为tasted。
27.He ________ think he was wrong ________ I showed the answer to him.
A.didn’t; because B.didn’t; until
C.won’t; until D.don’t; after
【答案】B
【详解】句意:直到我给他看了答案,他才认为自己是错的。
根据句中“was”和“showed”,时态为一般过去时,结合句意,此处表示“直到……才……”,应用not...until...结构,故填didn’t; until。
28.— It’s amazing to see how Shenzhen has changed over the past 40 years.
— Exactly. Few people ________ how greatly it would develop when it first started.
A.expected B.expect C.have expected D.will expect
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——看到深圳过去40年的变化真是令人惊叹。——确实。当初刚开始时,很少有人预料到它会发展得如此巨大。
根据句中时间状语从句“when it first started”是过去时间,描述过去当时人们的想法,要用一般过去时。
29.They ________ a meeting on May 14th, 2026.
A.have B.had C.will have D.have had
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他们在2026年5月14日开了一个会。
have一般现在时;had一般过去时;will have一般将来时;have had现在完成时。根据时间状语“on May 14th, 2026”可知,该日期已经过去,动作发生在过去,谓语动词应用过去式。故选had。
30.—The car ________ the road and hit a tree.
—Oh, my god. ________ anybody hurt?
A.get off; Did B.come off; Did C.get off; Was D.came off; Was
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——汽车冲出道路并撞上了一棵树。——哦,天哪。有人受伤吗?
get off下车;come (came) off偏离;did无实义助动词;was是,am/is的过去式。and连接并列谓语,后接过去式hit(主语The car是第三人称单数,如果是现在时,用hits),前半句谓语也要用一般过去时,ABC选项第一个空均为动词原形,可直接排除,因此应填came off;第二个空be hurt是固定搭配,意为“受伤”,时态保持一致,用was。
31.Yaming ________ the Guest-Greeting Pine and the Sea of Clouds in Huangshan.
A.sees B.saw C.see D.seeing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:亚明在黄山看到了迎客松和云海。
根据语境可知,去黄山游览并看到特定景点是过去发生的动作,时态应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。
32.—Do you know the movie 731, Ya Ming?
— Of course! I ________ it with my parents last night. It is so scary that I’ll never forget it.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——亚明,你知道电影《731》吗?——当然!我昨晚和父母一起看了它。它太可怕了,我永远不会忘记。
根据时间状语“last night”可知动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。
33.— What did you do on your holiday?
— I ________ a lot of photos of the beautiful scenery.
A.take B.took C.takes D.taking
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你假期做了什么?——我拍了很多漂亮风景的照片。
take拍照(动词原形);took拍照(过去式);takes拍照(第三人称单数);taking拍照(现在分词)。问句“What did you do...”提示句子时态为 一般过去时,答句缺少谓语动词,需用过去式took。
34.I ________ to the countryside with my family last summer holiday.
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:去年暑假我和家人去了乡下。
last summer holiday去年暑假,是一般过去时的标志性时间状语,谓语动词要用过去式;went符合语法要求。
35.Who ________ the most in your class?
A.change B.changed C.changes D.have changed
【答案】B
【详解】句意:谁在你们班变化最大?
此处暗指 “在过去的一段时间里”,询问的是已经完成的变化结果,且结合课本原文“who changed the most”的语境,此处应填“changed”作为谓语动词的过去式。
36.—Mom, I’m sorry. I ________ to wash the dishes this morning.
—That’s all right, but remember to do it in time.
A.forget B.forgot C.am forgetting D.forgets
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,对不起。我今天早上忘记洗碗了。——没关系,但记得要及时做。
根据时间状语“this morning”及答句的提醒“but remember to do it in time”可知,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,应填forgot。
37.—Why ________ you late for the sci-fi class?
—________ I missed the early bus.
A.are; Because B.were; Because C.was; Since D.did; As
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你为什么上科幻课迟到了?——因为我错过了早班车。
第一空描述过去发生的事情(上科幻课迟到),主语是you,be动词的过去式用were;第二空回答原因,because表示“因为”,直接回答why的提问。
38.— You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”.
— Sorry, I ________ see it.
A.don’t B.didn’t C.won’t D.am going to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你不能在这里拍照。看这个标志。上面写着“禁止拍照”。——对不起,我刚才没看见。
don’t不;didn’t没;won’t将不;am going to打算。根据对话语境可知,说话人是在对方提醒之前没看到标志,表示过去发生的动作或状态,应用一般过去时。故选B。
39.—Did you try any Yunnan dishes? —________. Everything tasted good.
A.Yes, we did B.No, we didn’t C.Yes, we do
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你们尝过云南菜吗?——是的,我们尝了。一切都很好吃。
Yes, we did是的,我们尝过(一般过去时);No, we didn’t不,我们没尝过;Yes, we do是的,我们(确实)会/是的(一般现在时)。根据后句“Everything tasted good”可知,他们尝过云南菜,且问句为一般过去时,答句应用一般过去时“did”。应填Yes, we did。
40.They stayed in the old town of Lijiang and ________ it very much.
A.enjoy B.enjoyed C.enjoys D.enjoying
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他们住在丽江古城,并且非常喜欢这里。
根据句中谓语动词“stayed”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时。and连接并列谓语,前后时态需保持一致,因此空格处应填过去式enjoyed。
二、单词拼写(每小题1分,共20分)
41.Today __________ (be) awful. I learned that I failed my physics test.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:今天糟透了。我得知我的物理考试没及格。后半句“learned”、“failed”都是一般过去时,说明整件事是已经发生完的,因此前半句也要用一般过去时保持时态统一。be动词变形,Today是单数概念,一般过去时单数主语搭配be动词was。
42.Our class ________ (plan) to have a study trip to the UK last month.
【答案】
planned
【详解】句意:上个月我们班计划去英国研学旅行。 根据时间状语last month(上个月)可知句子要用一般过去时,plan的过去式为planned。
43.Lucy ________ (nod) her head from time to time and Mum decided to do something interesting.
【答案】
nodded
【详解】句意:露西时不时点头,妈妈决定做点有趣的事。所给的词nod为动词,意为“点头”。后半句decided是一般过去时,and连接并列谓语,时态保持一致,nod的过去式为nodded。
44.He ________ (make) few mistakes in the last exam.
【答案】made
【详解】句意:他在上次考试中犯的错误很少。句中last exam为过去时间状语,应用一般过去时。make的过去式为made,在句中作谓语。
45.The firemen ________ (put) out the big fire yesterday.
【答案】
put
【详解】句意:消防员昨天扑灭了大火。根据时间状语yesterday可知本句时态为一般过去时,动词put的过去式与原形同形。
46.He ________ (sell) his old watch to get some pocket money.
【答案】sold
【详解】句意:他卖掉了旧手表,换了些零花钱。句中“卖掉旧手表”是已经发生的动作,句子使用一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式sold。
47.There ________ (be) few people in the park because of the cold weather.
【答案】were
【详解】句意:由于天气寒冷,公园里人很少。句子为There be句型,描述过去公园里客观存在的“冷清状态”,应用一般过去时。句子主语是“few people”,people是可数名词复数,因此be动词用were。
48.He ________ (decide) to visit his grandparents last weekend.
【答案】decided
【详解】句意:他上周末决定去看望他的祖父母。句中last weekend为过去时间状语,应用一般过去时。decide的过去式为decided,在句中作谓语。
49.Most students ________ (take) part in the school-organized fruit-picking activity last weekend and learned how farming works.
【答案】took
【详解】句意:上周末大多数学生参加了学校组织的摘水果活动,并且了解了农耕相关知识。时间状语last weekend为一般过去时标志,and连接并列谓语,后接动词过去式learned,take需变为过去式took,take part in是固定短语,意为“参加”。
50.The old man ________ (fight) against the disease bravely for three years before he fully recovered.
【答案】fought
【详解】句意:这位老人在完全康复前勇敢地与病魔抗争了三年。后半句谓语recovered为一般过去式,说明整件事发生在过去,前半句动作与康复是先后发生的过去行为,时态用一般过去时;fight是不规则动词,过去式为fought,因此应填fought。
51.Last weekend, I ________ (join) a community volunteer activity.
【答案】joined
【详解】句意:上周末,我参加了社区志愿活动。根据时间状语“Last weekend”可知,该句应该用一般过去时,谓语动词要使用过去式。 join的过去式为joined。
52.— The film is so wonderful!
— I ________ (not expect) it to be such a great movie at first.
【答案】didn’t expect
【详解】句意:——这部电影太棒了!——起初我没料到它会是这么棒的一部电影。句中“at first”表示在看电影之前的想法,是发生在过去的动作,应用一般过去时。括号提示“not expect”,一般过去时的否定结构为“did not+动词原形”,did not缩写为didn’t,故填didn’t expect。
53.He once ________ (say), “I am far from talented.”
【答案】said
【详解】句意:他曾经说过:“我远远算不上有天赋。”once表示曾经,句子要用一般过去时,say的过去式是said,符合句子逻辑及语境。
54.Suddenly, a boy ________ (fall) over and knocked the books down the shelves.
【答案】fell
【详解】句意:突然,一个男孩摔倒了,把书架上的书碰掉了。并列连词and连接两个并列谓语,后半句动词knocked是过去式,前半句时态需保持一致;fall的过去式为fell。
55.I ________ (pay) fifty yuan for the speech training last week.
【答案】paid
【详解】句意:上周我付了五十元的演讲培训费。句中“last week”为过去的时间状语,提示动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,pay的过去式为paid。
56.Grant ________ (hold) out his hand and said sorry.
【答案】held
【详解】句意:格兰特伸出手,说了声抱歉。句子中and连接两个并列的谓语动作,后半句的said是say的过去式,说明整句话描述的是过去发生的事件,因此空格处的动词也要用过去式。hold是不规则变化动词,它的过去式是held。
57.Nian ________ (be) afraid of the colour red.
【答案】was
【详解】句意:年害怕红色。句中描述的是过去(传说中)的状态,应用一般过去时,主语“Nian”为单数,be动词用was。
58.Jenny stepped on something and it ________ (hurt).
【答案】hurt
【详解】句意:珍妮踩到了什么东西,(脚)被弄疼了。and连接并列分句,前半句谓语动词stepped为一般过去时,前后分句时态需保持一致;hurt是不规则动词,过去式形式与原形相同,仍为hurt。
59.We didn’t ________ (expect) such a big change.
【答案】expect
【详解】句意:我们没有预料会有这么大的变化。expect意为“预料”,是动词,didn’t是助动词did和not的缩写,句子是一般过去时的否定句,didn’t后接动词原形。
60.She ________ (understand) his fear and tried to comfort him.
【答案】understood
【详解】句意:她理解了他的恐惧并试图安慰他。句中并列动词“tried”为过去式,提示动作发生在过去,故空格处也应用一般过去时。括号内中文提示“理解”对应英文动词“understand”,其过去式为不规则变化“understood”,故填understood。
三、完成句子(每小题2分,共10分)
61.They had a good time yesterday. (改为否定句)
They ________ ________ a good time yesterday.
【答案】 didn’t have
【详解】句意:他们昨天玩得很开心。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知,原句时态为一般过去时,had是实义动词have的过去式,变为否定句时需要借助助动词didn’t,其后接动词原形。故填didn’t;have。
62.Grace bought something for her parents on her trip. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Grace buy ________ for her parents on her trip?
【答案】 Did anything
【详解】句意:Grace在旅途中给她的父母买了一些东西。本句是一般过去时,且“bought”是实义动词,改为一般疑问句需借助助动词Did置于句首。肯定句中的something在一般疑问句中应变为anything。
63.Tom went to the Summer Palace on vacation. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ Tom ________ on vacation?
【答案】 Where did go
【详解】句意:汤姆去颐和园度假了。划线部分是地点,对地点提问用where,置于句首,首字母应该大写,时态为一般过去时,特殊疑问句需要借助助动词did,后跟动词原形go。
64.The weather was fine in Luoyang last month. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the weather in Luoyang last month?
【答案】 How was
【详解】句意:上个月洛阳的天气怎么样?划线部分“fine”是形容词,用来描述天气状况。对天气状况提问常用句型为“How is the weather?”或“What is the weather like?”。原句题干问句中“the weather”后没有“like”,因此选用How引导。原句谓语动词是was,因此疑问句中的be动词也需保持一致,使用过去式was。句首首字母要大写。
65.He spent 80 yuan on the butter and yogurt. (对划线部分80 yuan提问)
________ ________ ________ he ________ on the butter and yogurt?
【答案】 How much did spend
【详解】句意:他花了80元买黄油和酸奶。句中划线部分“80 yuan”表示价钱,应用How much提问;原句中“spent”是spend的过去式,变特殊疑问句要加助动词did,放在主语“he”前,后面谓语动词变回原形spend。
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2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元模块满分必刷题(新教材人教版)
Unit 1 Happy Holiday【刷语法】(重点语法提升练)
复合不定代词和一般过去时
一、复合不定代词的构成:
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成,列表如下:
Somebody 某人
Someone 某人
Something 某物,某事
Anybody 任何人
Anyone 任何人
Anything 任何事物
Nobody 没有人
No one 没有人
Nothing 没有东西
Everybody 每人
Everyone 每人
Everything 一切
由于在使用中有比较特殊的习惯用法,是考试中比较常见的考点。
一:复合不定代词和部分否定
部分否定是考试中的热门考点,常表达的结构有两种:1:not+全部肯定词 2:助 动词+not+全部肯定词。其意都为“并非都,不都”。前者是一般形态,如:Not everyone likes English. 由于是基本概念,学生比较容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比较相似,容易引起学生判断上的疑惑,是出题的焦点。
二:复合不定代词的定语位置
复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候,定语必须放在不定代词后面。复合不定代词+形容词/副词:如nothing interesting; something new
三:复合不定代词与谓语的一致问题
复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Everything that glittered is not gold.
Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father.
【易错警示】
复合不定代词的用法区别
1. 大家都知道,带some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句;而带any的复合不定代词常用在否定句,如:I have something important to tell you.
If there is anything wrong, please let me know.
但是,带some 的复合不定代词也可以用在表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求,建议,询问的疑问句中。如:Would you like something to eat?
2. 带any的复合不定代词用在肯定句中带有“任何人,任何事”的意思。
Anyone who breaks the law will be thrown into prison.
As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.
特别要注意的是带any的复合不定代词不能再用否定式。如:
Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F)
要表达否定意思,只可以用对应的全部否定的词代替。如:
Nothing could be seen in that dark room.
3. 指人的复合不定代词合写与分开写,其意思和用法不同,以any为例。
anyone 仅指人 任何人,某人, 不和of连用
any one 即指人,也指物, 任何一个的意思 可以于of连用
Anyone can do the job.
Any one of us can do the job.
4. 一般情况下,用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题,nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题。
-----What’s on the table? ----- Nothing.
-----Who is in the classroom?--------Nobody. ( No one).
二、一般过去时用法详解:
时态
含义
结构
时间状语
一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常性的动作。
was / were或其他动词的过去式形式
yesterday, in 1992, last year, three days ago等
一般过去时的基本结构:
【易错警示】
动词的过去式变化规则:
1. 规则变化
1. 一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如
call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/
1. 以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d ,如
live---lived move---moved hope---hoped
1. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,如:study---studied cry---cried try---tried
(注意:如果是元音字母加y结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played, enjoy---enjoyed)
1. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed,如
plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped
1. 不规则变化,以下是一些常见的动词的过去式
am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,
buy-bought catch-caught draw-drew run-ran beat-beat come-came become-became
get-got drive-drove sell-sold keep-kept write-wrote eat-ate swim-swam
语法过关小测
过关测试满分:70分 时间:60分钟
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共40分)
1.—Why waste time studying? It feels useless sometimes.
—Just remember the beautiful thing about learning is that _______ can take it away from you.
A.someone B.everyone C.nobody D.anybody
2.In our class, ________ can use the computer to search for information.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
3.The writer thinks that ________ beats the real mail.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
4.—Would you like ________ to read?
—Yes, please.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
5.Is there ________ important on your phone that you must protect from hackers?
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
6.There is ________ wrong with my watch. It’s five minutes fast.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
7.—How was the food there?
—________ was delicious. I liked the dumplings best.
A.Nothing B.Something C.Everything D.Anything
8.—Did you buy ________ in the shopping mall?
—No, I bought ________.
A.anything; nothing B.nothing; anything
C.something; anything D.anything; something
9.—Did you meet ________ famous in Beijing?
—Yes, I met a famous ping-pong player.
A.anyone B.someone C.everyone D.no one
10.—Did you do ________ interesting?
—No, ________ special. I just stayed at home.
A.anything; nothing B.nothing; anything
C.something; anything D.anything; something
11.—Did you go with ________?
—Yes, I went with my cousin.
A.someone B.anyone C.anything D.nothing
12.—What an easy exam! It’s the easiest exam I’ve ever taken part in.
—But I don’t think ________ can pass it.
A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody
13.I can look after myself. I don’t need to depend on ________ else.
A.everybody B.somebody C.anybody D.nobody
14.—How much advice did Jack offer at the meeting?
—________ at all. He said________.
A.Nothing; nothing B.Nothing; none C.None; none D.None; nothing
15.Don’t accept ________ as your online friends if you don’t know their real information.
A.something B.anyone C.no one D.everything
16.Mr Zhang is a music lover. For him, ________is more important than music.
A.everything B.something C.anything D.nothing
17.Lily is funnier than ________ else I know.
A.someone B.anyone C.no one D.everyone
18.I’m hungry. I want ________ to eat.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
19.— Did you see ________ in the room? — No, I saw ________.
A.someone; anyone B.anyone; no one
C.someone; no one D.anyone; someone
20.—Did you buy ________ in the shopping center?
— No, I didn’t. ________ was very expensive.
A.special anything; Everything B.something special; Everything
C.anything special; Everything D.anything special; Something
21.There is ________ warm in the story about family life.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
22.—Lisa, I read an interesting book about animals yesterday. It told me ________ about the cheetahs.
—Really? I love cheetahs!
A.anything amazing B.amazing something
C.amazing anything D.something amazing
23.—I’m a little hungry, Mom. Is there ________ to eat in the fridge?
—Let me check. Oh, there are only some apples left.
A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
24.Adam didn’t do ________ special, but he still had a good time.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
25.Listen! Someone ________ in the next room. But when I walked past, I couldn’t see ________.
A.sings; someone B.is singing; anyone C.sang; no one D.was singing; everyone
26.Huangshan Shaobing is very delicious with different fillings (馅料) inside. I ________ it in Anhui last month.
A.taste B.tasted C.am tasting D.will taste
27.He ________ think he was wrong ________ I showed the answer to him.
A.didn’t; because B.didn’t; until
C.won’t; until D.don’t; after
28.— It’s amazing to see how Shenzhen has changed over the past 40 years.
— Exactly. Few people ________ how greatly it would develop when it first started.
A.expected B.expect C.have expected D.will expect
29.They ________ a meeting on May 14th, 2026.
A.have B.had C.will have D.have had
30.—The car ________ the road and hit a tree.
—Oh, my god. ________ anybody hurt?
A.get off; Did B.come off; Did C.get off; Was D.came off; Was
31.Yaming ________ the Guest-Greeting Pine and the Sea of Clouds in Huangshan.
A.sees B.saw C.see D.seeing
32.—Do you know the movie 731, Ya Ming?
— Of course! I ________ it with my parents last night. It is so scary that I’ll never forget it.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch
33.— What did you do on your holiday?
— I ________ a lot of photos of the beautiful scenery.
A.take B.took C.takes D.taking
34.I ________ to the countryside with my family last summer holiday.
A.go B.went C.will go D.have gone
35.Who ________ the most in your class?
A.change B.changed C.changes D.have changed
36.—Mom, I’m sorry. I ________ to wash the dishes this morning.
—That’s all right, but remember to do it in time.
A.forget B.forgot C.am forgetting D.forgets
37.—Why ________ you late for the sci-fi class?
—________ I missed the early bus.
A.are; Because B.were; Because C.was; Since D.did; As
38.— You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”.
— Sorry, I ________ see it.
A.don’t B.didn’t C.won’t D.am going to
39.—Did you try any Yunnan dishes? —________. Everything tasted good.
A.Yes, we did B.No, we didn’t C.Yes, we do
40.They stayed in the old town of Lijiang and ________ it very much.
A.enjoy B.enjoyed C.enjoys D.enjoying
二、单词拼写(每小题1分,共20分)
41.Today __________ (be) awful. I learned that I failed my physics test.
42.Our class ________ (plan) to have a study trip to the UK last month.
43.Lucy ________ (nod) her head from time to time and Mum decided to do something interesting.
44.He ________ (make) few mistakes in the last exam.
45.The firemen ________ (put) out the big fire yesterday.
46.He ________ (sell) his old watch to get some pocket money.
47.There ________ (be) few people in the park because of the cold weather.
48.He ________ (decide) to visit his grandparents last weekend.
49.Most students ________ (take) part in the school-organized fruit-picking activity last weekend and learned how farming works.
50.The old man ________ (fight) against the disease bravely for three years before he fully recovered.
51.Last weekend, I ________ (join) a community volunteer activity.
52.— The film is so wonderful!
— I ________ (not expect) it to be such a great movie at first.
53.He once ________ (say), “I am far from talented.”
54.Suddenly, a boy ________ (fall) over and knocked the books down the shelves.
55.I ________ (pay) fifty yuan for the speech training last week.
56.Grant ________ (hold) out his hand and said sorry.
57.Nian ________ (be) afraid of the colour red.
58.Jenny stepped on something and it ________ (hurt).
59.We didn’t ________ (expect) such a big change.
60.She ________ (understand) his fear and tried to comfort him.
三、完成句子(每小题2分,共10分)
61.They had a good time yesterday. (改为否定句)
They ________ ________ a good time yesterday.
62.Grace bought something for her parents on her trip. (改为一般疑问句)
________ Grace buy ________ for her parents on her trip?
63.Tom went to the Summer Palace on vacation. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ Tom ________ on vacation?
64.The weather was fine in Luoyang last month. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the weather in Luoyang last month?
65.He spent 80 yuan on the butter and yogurt. (对划线部分80 yuan提问)
________ ________ ________ he ________ on the butter and yogurt?
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