内容正文:
必修第一册
UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
语法填空
Possessing strong sportsmanship, I prefer to play outdoor sports, such as golf, cycling, skateboarding, and jogging on the tracks rather than do sports in the gym, such as badminton, gymnastics and bowling. Among all the sports, jogging in particular has many ____1____ (benefit). Firstly, you don’t need a gym membership or any ____2____ (equip) . Besides, it is not a competitive sport, so you needn’t worry about crashing into others and even the old are capable of doing it. Not only does jogging help to strengthen your immune system and muscles ____3____ it also can prevent diseases. What’s more, jogging can help ____4____ (relief) your stress and reduce your blood pressure, with more oxygen ____5____ (flow) in your heart.
However, I must remind you that you’d better not have a strong desire ____6____ (lose) weight overnight by jogging. Perhaps one day you may be fed up with jogging and you may quit halfway in disappointment. There is no shortcut, so you ought to set ____7____ achievable goal. Make sure you take a proper amount of exercise regularly and have a balanced diet, and you will be in good shape. I ____8____ (jog) every morning for 5 years and to my satisfaction, my sweat pays off. You can see me bouncing on the stairs as if I had endless energy. Just last month, I signed up ____9____ the annual sports meeting of our company and I took advantage of every minute to prepare for it. Of course, an adequate warm-up which occupied about five minutes was a must in case I would be injured. In no case would I let those who supported me down. Amazingly, I overtook and defeated all the other athletes, becoming the first to cross the finishing line in three races. When all the audience stood up and ____10____ (clap) their hands for me, so amazed was I to be a champion who had won a gold medal.
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 prefer vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring) 更喜欢(preference n.偏爱,倾向;优先权)
(2025·八省联考)
11. She prefers disorder ________ order, walking to driving, and diversity to uniformity. (用适当的词填空)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
12. 就我而言,大多数学生更喜欢和水平相近的同学一起练习英语。
As far as I am concerned, most students ________________ with peers who are at a similar level.
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
13. 大卫疲倦地拖着脚步,痛苦地喃喃自语:“我宁愿放弃越野跑,也不愿被其他孩子嘲笑。”
David dragged his feet tiredly, muttering to himself bitterly, “________________________”
2 balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的(imbalanced adj.失衡的,失调的balance n.平衡;天平;余额,结存vt.平衡;权衡)
14. Having a ________ (balance) diet can in particular help you strengthen your immune system and make you full of energy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(应用文写作之建议信)
15. 如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活,你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。
If you desire to have a happy school life, ________________.
(读后续写之动作描写)
16. 突然,他撞上了另一名运动员,失去了平衡,脚踝严重受伤。
Suddenly, he crashed into another athlete and ________, injuring his ankle badly.
(2024·浙江1月,读后续写)
17. 权衡利弊之后, Eva擦掉眼泪,咬着嘴唇,挣扎着站起来,向跑道走去,嘴角露出了微笑。
After ________________, Eva wiped away the tears, bit her lips, struggled to her feet and made her way to the track, a smile appearing at the corners of her mouth.
3 desire n.渴望;要求v.渴望,希望;要求
(2025·八省联考)
18. 朋友们因为对艺术和大学的共同热爱,以及渴望成为文化社区的一部分而团结起来。
Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by ________________.
(应用文写作之推荐信)
19. 既然你有强烈的了解中华文化的愿望,我强烈向你推荐北京大学。
Since ________________________, I strongly recommend Peking University to you.
(2024·天津,书面表达)
20. 我希望你们每个人都和我一起建设绿色校园,只有共同努力,我们才能把我们的校园变成一个更绿色、更干净的地方。
I ________________________ and only with joint efforts can we transform our campus into a greener and cleaner place.
4 case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;案件;病例;箱子
(应用文写作之建议信)
____21____ (这是常有的事) , we students feel on pins and needles before the end-of-term examination. My tips are as follows. Firstly, ____22____ (决不) ought you to quit halfway. Besides, you’d better drink a cup of hot milk ____23____ (以防) you have trouble sleeping at night. Last but not least, why not keep your notes and textbooks on hand ____24____ (万一发生) some forgotten knowledge points? ____25____ (假使这样的话) , you are capable of gaining an excellent academic performance.
5 occupy vt.占用,占去(时间) ;占领,占据;使忙碌[occupied adj.被占领的;忙于;使用中的(或被占用的) occupation n.职业;占领]
26. When you sign up for the course, you must state your name, age and ________ (occupy) in your application form. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(2023·全国乙,书面表达)
27. 因为暑假期间我一直在学习如何弹吉他,所以我非常乐意与大家分享这段经历。
__________________________, I am more than delighted to share this experience with you. (用分词短语作状语)
6 particular n.尤其,特别;细节adj.特定的;讲究的,挑剔的(particularly adv.尤其,特别)
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
28. 我尤其强调的是,视频片段所反映的内容是完全准确的。
________________ is that the content reflected in the video clip is completely accurate.
(读后续写之焦虑心理描写)
29. 小女孩如此挑食,她的父母感到特别焦虑和担心。
①The little girl is ________ her parents feel especially anxious and concerned.
②_________________ her parents feel especially anxious and concerned. (用倒装句改写)
(2025·八省联考)
30. ________, the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.
在这个特别的晚上,这位女士来到她通常喂鸟的地点。
7 benefit n.好处;益处vt. & vi.有益于;有助于;受益(beneficial adj.有好处的;有益的)
(2022·全国甲,书面表达)
31. I advocate that we should defend our oceans from being polluted ________ the benefit of human beings. For example, we ought not to overfish anymore. (用适当的词填空)
(2024·上海1月,书面表达)
32. 毫无疑问,您精彩的文学讲座将使我们受益,因此,如果您能接受我们的邀请,我们将不胜感激。
There is no doubt that ________________________, so we would appreciate it if you could accept our invitation.
8 amount n.数量,数额vi. ( to) 达到,合计;相当于,等于
33. Large amounts of previous working experience ________ (be) of great benefit to my present occupation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34. What makes us amazed is that a large amount of information ________ (have) been gathered so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
(话题写作之健康饮食)
35. 青少年吃的垃圾食品的数量逐年上升,这逐渐损害了他们的健康。
________________, which gradually ruins their health.
(应用文写作之建议信)
36. 如果你非常想保持好状态,有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。
If you are desperate to be in good shape, ________________.
(2021·浙江6月,读后续写)
37. 暑假期间我总共挣了300美元,这笔钱可以帮助解决我家的燃眉之急。
The money I earned during the summer holiday ________, which could help solve my family’s burning problem.
9 satisfaction n.满足,满意;欣慰( satisfy vt.使满意;使满足satisfying/ satisfactory adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.感到满意的)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
38. 令我满意的是,在老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。
________, with the help of my teacher, I finally succeeded in ___________. My teacher nodded his head, ________________.
(应用文写作之日程安排)
39. 如果你们对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足你们的需要。
________________, please inform us in time so that ____________.
10 amazingly adv.惊人地,了不起地( amazing adj.令人惊奇的amazed adj.大为惊奇的,惊讶的amazement n.惊奇,惊愕amaze vt.使大为吃惊;使感到惊愕)
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
40. 得知我打败了其他所有的竞赛者,我的搭档惊讶地张大了嘴巴,然后激动地喊道:“我对你让人惊喜的表现感到吃惊。恭喜!”
Learning that I defeated all the other competitors, my partner opened his mouth wide ________ and then exclaimed excitedly, “________________. Congratulations!”
(2023·浙江1月,读后续写)
41. 我惊奇地发现,一只蜂鸟浑身都是蜘蛛网,几乎无法移动她的翅膀。
I ________ a hummingbird was covered in spider-webs, barely able to move her wings.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
42. To my amazement, Gunter allowed me to go without paying the taxi fare and I bowed, turned around and sprinted to the bus station.
→ ________________ was that Gunter allowed me to go without paying the taxi fare and I bowed, turned around and sprinted to the bus station. (用what引导的主语从句改写)
11 defence n.防御,保卫;防守队员,后卫[defend vi. & vt.保护;保卫defensive adj.防御(性) 的;防守的]
(读后续写之心理描写)
43. 当我得知他保证会尽其所能为我辩护,甚至会冒着生命危险保护我不受伤害时,感激的泪水顺着我的脸颊流下来。
When I learnt that he guaranteed to do whatever he could ________ and that he would even _______________ at the risk of his own life, tears of gratitude flowed down my cheeks.
(读后续写之动作链描写)
44. 狼紧追不舍,他从自行车上跳下来,弯下腰抓起一根棍子保护自己。
With the wolf running closely after him, he leapt off his bike, bent down and grabbed a stick _____________.
12 let sb down使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
(读后续写之片段描写)
用let短语的正确形式填空
After hearing the knock on the door, I ____45____ my friend ____46____, who murmured in tears that what his son had done ____47____ him ____48____. I just quietly sat on the sofa, enabling him ____49____. He ____50____ a scream of pain, feeling like a knife cutting through his chest. After he calmed down, I comforted him gently, “We adults can’t put down our cellphones, ____51____ teenagers. So sometimes ____52____ our kids and making them play within the given time is also reasonable.” He smiled through tears and nodded his head in agreement.
13 keep up with跟上;保持同步
用v. + up with短语的正确形式填空
I ran forward and ____53____ Tom, who was dragging his feet in low spirits. I said encouragingly, “____54____ the temporary failure is what you must do now. I ____55____ some achievable measures recently and I will help you ____56____ others in studies. I do believe that your efforts will pay off and that you will ____57____ success.”
14 This/ That is because...
This is all because I exercise quite regularly.这都是因为我经常锻炼。
(2024·浙江1月,应用文写作)
58. 跳绳有助于燃烧卡路里、增强肌肉、减轻学习压力。这就是为什么我把它推荐给我的同学的原因。
Rope skipping helps to burn calories, strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure. ______________
I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students. ______________
______________ it helps to burn calories, strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure.
15 祈使句+ and/ or+陈述句
And don’t drink too much while running, or it’ll make you feel sick.
跑步时不要喝太多水,否则会让你感到不舒服。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
59. 带着坚定的表情,Eva深吸了一口气,向着跑道一路小跑,自言自语道:“勇敢点,否则你永远应付不了现在的挑战。”
Wearing a determined look, Eva took a deep breath and trotted to the track, saying to herself, “________________”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
60. 我鼓励大卫说:“振作起来!再努力一点,你很快就会到达终点的。”
I encouraged David, “Cheer up! ________, and you will reach the finishing line soon.”
(应用文之建议信结束语)
61. If you follow the above suggestions, you will find it easy to change your terrible situation.
→________________ to change your terrible situation. (用“祈使句+ and+陈述句”改写)
16 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级
There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of,也没有更好的方法来了解你自己,看看你能做到哪一步。
(应用文写作之推荐信)
我强烈推荐我们有能力的班长李华成为您的助教。他有许多经验,因此我保证您不可能找到比他更胜任这个职位的人了。另外,没人比他更慷慨更善良。
I strongly recommend Li Hua, our capable monitor, to be your teaching assistant. He has a large amount of experience, so I make sure that you ________62________. Besides, _____63_____.
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
64. 我的搭档真诚地提醒我:“当做我们项目的时候,你怎么细心都不为过。”
My partner reminded me sincerely, “You ________________ when doing our project.”
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
My son got a shot① by a doctor because of a bad cold. After recovering from his illness, he had a shot② at taking a shot③ at the goal from the halfway at the stadium, and luckily, he made it. I managed to get some good shots④ of what my son was doing. All in all, we seized every shot⑤ to have fun together.
①____65____②____66____③____67____④____68____⑤____69____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
We accepted his tip① — eating hot pot. With the tips② of branches swinging in the breeze, we headed for a hot pot restaurant. We tipped③ plates of fresh meat, fish and vegetables into the pot and before leaving, we generously tipped④ the waitress fifty yuan.
①____70____②____71____③____72____④____73____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
At 5 sharp① yesterday afternoon, while riding along a sharp② bend on the country road, I knocked over a young man with sharp③ eyes. Seeing my pale face, he didn’t throw sharp④ words to me but said humorously, “Look! The tyre tracks are quite sharp⑤ and clear. And luckily you don’t have a sharp⑥ knife fastened to your bike handle.”
①____74____②____75____③____76____④____77____⑤____78____⑥____79____
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
Occupying① the city occupied② one month; then the rulers occupied③ themselves in reconstructing the destroyed city.
①____80____②____81____③____82____
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
83. At the moment, I must remind you ________ (contact) the charity to seek some help. (所给词的适当形式填空)
84. Luckily I have come up ________ a good idea on how to deal with the tough problem. (用适当的词填空)
85. To be frank, my desire ________ (become) a volunteer never leaves me for a moment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
86. We are advised to take a first-aid kit ________ case of unexpected injuries when traveling. (用适当的词填空)
87. ________ (occupy) in revising their lessons for the College Entrance Examination, these senior three students have no leisure time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
88. The expert is particular ________ the quality of hardware and thus won’t buy a computer without a certificate. (用适当的词填空)
89. I was entirely shocked when learning that our daily expenses amounted ________ 10, 000 yuan per month. (用适当的词填空)
90. Seeing the big stone removed from the major road, the old man smiled ________ satisfaction. (用适当的词填空)
91. I feel ________ (amaze) that many people are eager to get the position which does not offer much money. (所给词的适当形式填空)
92. More and more senior high school students prefer ________ (surf) the Internet in modern times. (所给词的适当形式填空)
93. I believe that my son has the competence to finish the challenging task perfectly and he won’t let me ________. (用适当的词填空)
94. In other words, he, rather than I, ________ (intend) to experience the challenging experiment in person up to now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
95. Many students are addicted to surfing the Internet; that’s ________ there’s something attractive on it. (用适当的词填空)
96. Nobody is ________ (professional) at repairing computers than Mr Brown in the town. (所给词的适当形式填空)
97. Knowing that my son has become increasingly confident, I sighed ________ relief. (用适当的词填空)
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——体育与健康
98. 假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生的体育锻炼情况。请给他回信,内容包括:
1. 学校的体育场馆;
2. 主要的运动项目;
3. 最受欢迎的体育活动。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【完成句子】
99. 得知你想了解我校学生的体育锻炼情况,我很荣幸向你提供一些信息。(分词作状语;be honoured to do)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________
100. 首先,一座新的体育场已经建成,并且已经成为我们学校的新地标。 (非限制性定语从句) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________
101. 随着新学校体育场的建成,我们学生参加体育活动的积极性更高了。(with复合结构;have been doing)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________
102. 通过打篮球,我们不仅可以保持身体精力充沛,还能够更加意识到团队合作的重要性。(by doing …;not only … but also …)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________
103. 因此,即使我们忙于学习,也会抽出一些时间在新体育场打篮球。(even if/though) (汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
_______________________________________________________________
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:体育与健康】
A mixture of thoughts bouncing in my mind, I took part in a cycling competition held in my school. What let me down was that although I cycled with all my might, I still had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists. I __________104__________. Just at that time, my classmates clapped for me and my teacher ____________105____________. Amazingly, ________106________ (无灵主语句) . _____107_____ (what引导的主语从句) was that I finally finished the competition. Smiling in satisfaction, my teacher reached out his hands ____108____ (with复合结构) , saying, “You are great!” _________109_________ (现在分词短语作状语) , I smiled warmly at those who supported me. I was also aware that as long as I didn’t give up, never could I be defeated.
我百感交集,参加了在学校举办的自行车比赛。使我失望的是,尽管我用尽全力骑自行车,我还是很难追上其他骑自行车的人。我咬着嘴唇,擦去脸颊上的泪水。就在那时,我的同学们为我鼓掌,老师向我投来鼓励的目光。令人惊讶的是,一种温暖和宽慰的感觉在我的内心深处涌起。使我感到宽慰的是我终于完成了比赛。我的老师满意地笑着,伸出他的手,用他的手指比成一个“心”形,说:“你很棒!”我感到如释重负,对那些支持我的人热情地笑了笑。我也意识到,只要我不放弃,我永远不会被打败。
必修第一册
UNIT 2 SPORTS AND FITNESS
排查·基础知识
词汇串记
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. benefits
2. equipment
3. but 4. relieve
5. flowing 6. to lose
7. an 8. have been jogging
9. for 10. clapped
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对慢跑的热爱、慢跑的诸多益处,以及作者坚持慢跑多年后在公司运动会上取得优异成绩的经历。
【1题详解】
考查名词。句意:在所有运动中,尤其是慢跑有很多好处。many后接可数名词复数,benefit为可数名词,意为“好处”,其复数形式为benefits。故填benefits。
【2题详解】
考查名词。句意:首先,你不需要健身房会员或任何设备。any后可接不可数名词,equip为动词,意为“装备”,其名词形式equipment为不可数名词,意为“设备”。故填equipment。
【3题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意:慢跑不仅有助于增强你的免疫系统和肌肉,还能预防疾病。not only ... but (also) ...为固定搭配,意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,慢跑可以帮助缓解你的压力,降低你的血压,让更多的氧气流入你的心脏。help do sth.为固定用法,意为“帮助做某事”,relief为名词,意为“缓解”,其动词形式为relieve。故填relieve。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,慢跑可以帮助缓解你的压力,降低你的血压,让更多的氧气流入你的心脏。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构,oxygen与flow之间为主动关系,故用现在分词flowing作宾补。故填flowing。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,我必须提醒你,你最好不要有通过慢跑在一夜之间减肥的强烈愿望。have a desire to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“有做某事的愿望”,故用不定式to lose作后置定语。故填to lose。
【7题详解】
考查冠词。句意:没有捷径,所以你应该设定一个可实现的目标。此处表示泛指,空后goal为可数名词单数,achievable以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。故填an。
【8题详解】
考查时态。句意:我每天早上慢跑已经5年了,令我满意的是,我的汗水得到了回报。根据时间状语“for 5 years”和语境可知,此处表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作,应用现在完成进行时have been jogging。故填have been jogging。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意:就在上个月,我报名参加了我们公司的年度运动会,我利用每一分钟为它做准备。sign up for为固定搭配,意为“报名参加”。故填for。
【10题详解】
考查时态。句意:当所有观众站起来为我鼓掌时,我非常惊讶能成为一名获得金牌的冠军。根据句中“stood up”可知,此处为一般过去时,clap的过去式为clapped。故填clapped。
突破·核心考点
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1 prefer vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring) 更喜欢(preference n.偏爱,倾向;优先权)
(2025·八省联考)
【11题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:她喜欢混乱胜过有序,喜欢步行胜过开车,喜欢多样胜过统一。prefer A to B为固定搭配,意为“喜欢A胜过B”,其中to为介词。故填to。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,应用文写作)
【12题答案】
【答案】prefer practising/to practise English
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“更喜欢练习英语”;句子陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时;“更喜欢做某事”用固定搭配prefer doing sth./prefer to do sth.,主语为most students,谓语动词用原形prefer;“练习英语”翻译为practise English,在句中作宾语。故填prefer practising/to practise English。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【13题答案】
【答案】I prefer giving up the cross-country run to being laughed at by the other kids. /I prefer to give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by the other kids. /I would rather give up the cross-country run than be laughed at by the other kids. /I would give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by the other kids.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词与时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“我宁愿放弃越野跑,也不愿被其他孩子嘲笑”;句子为直接引语,用一般现在时表达当下想法。“宁愿做……也不愿做……”可用固定句型prefer doing sth. to doing sth.、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.或would rather do sth. than do sth.;“放弃越野跑”译为give up the cross-country run,“被其他孩子嘲笑”需用被动语态be laughed at by the other kids。故填I prefer giving up the cross-country run to being laughed at by the other kids. /I prefer to give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by the other kids. /I would rather give up the cross-country run than be laughed at by the other kids. /I would give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by the other kids.
2 balanced adj.均衡的;平衡的(imbalanced adj.失衡的,失调的balance n.平衡;天平;余额,结存vt.平衡;权衡)
【14题答案】
【答案】balanced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:保持均衡的饮食尤其有助于增强你的免疫系统,让你充满活力。修饰名词diet应用形容词,balance的形容词形式balanced意为“均衡的”,作定语。故填balanced。
(应用文写作之建议信)
【15题答案】
【答案】you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡”,可译为you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation;you’d better是you had better的缩写,后接动词原形;短语“在……与……之间保持平衡”译为keep a balance between ... and ...。故填you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation。
(读后续写之动作描写)
【16题答案】
【答案】lost his balance
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“失去了平衡”;句子陈述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时;“失去平衡”的固定表达为lose one’s balance,主语为he,对应的形容词性物主代词为his,lose的过去式为lost。故填lost his balance。
(2024·浙江1月,读后续写)
【17题答案】
【答案】balancing/ she balanced the advantages against the disadvantages
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词与动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“权衡利弊”;after为介词,后接动词时需使用动名词形式,“权衡利弊”使用固定短语balance the advantages against the disadvantages,故此处用动名词balancing;也可使用after引导的时间状语从句,从句讲述过去的事情用一般过去时,即she balanced the advantages against the disadvantages。故填balancing/she balanced the advantages against the disadvantages。
3 desire n.渴望;要求v.渴望,希望;要求
(2025·八省联考)
【18题答案】
【答案】a desire to be part of a cultural community
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“渴望成为文化社区的一部分”;by为介词,后接名词短语作宾语;desire表示“渴望”,后接不定式to be part of ...作后置定语;a cultural community意为“文化社区”。故填a desire to be part of a cultural community。
(应用文写作之推荐信)
【19题答案】
【答案】you have a strong desire/ you strongly desire to learn about Chinese culture
【解析】
【详解】考查原因状语从句与时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“你有强烈的了解中华文化的愿望”;句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,“有强烈的愿望做某事”可用have a strong desire to do sth.,也可用strongly desire to do sth.表达,“了解中华文化”译为learn about Chinese culture。故填you have a strong desire/ you strongly desire to learn about Chinese culture。
(2024·天津,书面表达)
【20题答案】
【答案】desire that each of you (should) join me in building a green campus
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我希望你们每个人都和我一起建设绿色校园”;主句主语为I,谓语动词用desire表示“希望”,后接that引导的宾语从句;desire表示“希望,渴望”时,其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词用(should)+动词原形;从句主语each of you表示“你们每个人”,谓语动词用(should) join;join sb in doing sth为固定搭配,意为“和某人一起做某事”;“建设绿色校园”用building a green campus。故填desire that each of you (should) join me in building a green campus。
4 case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;案件;病例;箱子
(应用文写作之建议信)
【21~25题答案】
【答案】21. As is often the case;
22. in no case;
23. in case;
24. in case of;
25. In this case
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学生考前焦虑的常态,并给出三条备考建议,指出照做可取得优异成绩。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句和时态“这是常有的事”译为As is often the case,这是由as引导的非限制性定语从句,用来指代后面整个句子的内容,句首首字母大写;后文主句we students feel on pins and needles使用了一般现在时(feel),前后时态保持一致。故填As is often the case。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语。“决不”译为in no case;句子发生了部分倒装,用这类否定意义的短语置于句首。故填in no case。
【23题详解】
考查目的状语从句。“以防”后接句子时用in case,引导目的状语从句。故填in case。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语。“万一发生”后接名词/名词短语时用in case of,本句中some forgotten knowledge points是名词短语。故填in case of。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语。“假使这样的话”,译为In this case,用来承接上文,引出结果,句首首字母大写。故填In this case。
5 occupy vt.占用,占去(时间) ;占领,占据;使忙碌[occupied adj.被占领的;忙于;使用中的(或被占用的) occupation n.职业;占领]
【26题答案】
【答案】occupation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意:报名这门课程时,你必须在申请表上注明你的姓名、年龄和职业。句中and连接并列的宾语name, age和空处内容,前两者均为名词,因此空处也需填入名词形式;提示词occupy是动词,意为“占据;使忙于”,其对应的名词形式为occupation,意为“职业”,表特指用单数名词。故填occupation。
(2023·全国乙,书面表达)
【27题答案】
【答案】Occupied in/ Occupying myself in learning how to play the guitar during the summer break
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“因为暑假期间我一直在学习如何弹吉他”;分词短语作状语可表示原因,逻辑主语与主句主语I一致;be occupied in doing sth为固定搭配,意为“忙于做某事”,使用过去分词短语Occupied in ...表状态;也可用现在分词短语Occupying myself in ...表示主动动作;“如何做某事”用how to do,构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构;“弹吉他”用play the guitar;“暑假期间”用during the summer break。故填Occupied in/Occupying myself in learning how to play the guitar during the summer break。
6 particular n.尤其,特别;细节adj.特定的;讲究的,挑剔的(particularly adv.尤其,特别)
(2024·天津3月,书面表达)
【28题答案】
【答案】What I particularly/in particular stress/emphasize
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“我尤其强调的是”;句子陈述客观观点,时态为一般现在时;“我尤其强调的”在句中作主语,用what引导主语从句,从句主语为“我”翻译为I,“强调”翻译为stress/emphasize,谓语动词用原形stress/emphasize;“尤其”翻译为particularly/in particular,修饰动词。故填What I particularly/in particular stress/emphasize。
(读后续写之焦虑心理描写)
【29题答案】
【答案】 ①. so particular about/over food that ②. So particular is the little girl about/over food that
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和倒装句。根据英汉意思对比可知,第一空应填“如此挑食以至于”,so ... that ...为固定句型,意为“如此……以至于……”,be particular about/over food表示“对食物挑剔”;第二空要求用倒装句改写,so ... that ...结构中,将so及其修饰的部分置于句首时,主句需用部分倒装,即将be动词is提到主语the little girl之前。故填①so particular about/over food that;②So particular is the little girl about/over food that。
(2025·八省联考)
【30题答案】
【答案】On this particular evening
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“在这个特别的晚上”;表示具体某一晚上需用介词on,“特别的晚上”译为this particular evening,置于句首作时间状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填On this particular evening。
7 benefit n.好处;益处vt. & vi.有益于;有助于;受益(beneficial adj.有好处的;有益的)
(2022·全国甲,书面表达)
【31题答案】
【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:为了人类的利益,我主张我们要保护海洋免受污染。例如,我们不应该再过度捕捞。空处与the benefit of构成固定搭配for the benefit of,意为“为了……的利益”,空处缺介词for。故填for。
(2024·上海1月,书面表达)
【32题答案】
【答案】we will benefit from your wonderful literary lecture/your wonderful literary lecture will benefit/be beneficial/be of benefit to us
【解析】
【详解】因为讲座是尚未发生的事件,“使我们受益”是未来会产生的结果,所以用一般将来时(will + 动词原形)来表达;根据英汉意思对比可知,此处应翻译“您精彩的文学讲座将使我们受益”。“您精彩的文学讲座”译为your wonderful literary lecture,“将使我们受益”可译为we will benefit from或will benefit us或will be beneficial to us或will be of benefit to us。
8 amount n.数量,数额vi. ( to) 达到,合计;相当于,等于
【33题答案】
【答案】are
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致与时态。句意:大量以往的工作经验对我现在的职业大有裨益。主语为Large amounts of previous working experience,large amounts of后接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,句子描述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,be动词的复数形式为are,空处缺are。故填are。
【34题答案】
【答案】has
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:让我们惊讶的是,到目前为止已经收集了大量信息。句子中有时间状语so far,时态用现在完成时;a large amount of + 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,所以have变为has。故填has。
(话题写作之健康饮食)
【35题答案】
【答案】The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“青少年吃的垃圾食品的数量逐年上升”,可译为The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year;“……的数量”译为the amount of(后接不可数名词,作主语时谓语动词用单数),“青少年吃的”译为定语从句teenagers eat(省略关系代词that/which,修饰junk food);“逐年上升”译为goes up year by year(句子描述客观现状,用一般现在时,主语the amount为单数,故谓语用goes up)。故填The amount of junk food teenagers eat goes up year by year。
(应用文写作之建议信)
【36题答案】
【答案】a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语与系表结构。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的”;句子描述客观事实用一般现在时,“有规律的适量锻炼”译为a proper amount of regular exercise,为不可数概念,作主语时谓语动词用is,“相当必要的”译为quite necessary。故填a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary。
(2021·浙江6月,读后续写)
【37题答案】
【答案】amounted to 300 dollars
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和动词短语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“总共挣了300美元”;句子讲述过去的事情用一般过去时,“总共、合计为”使用固定短语amount to,此处需变为过去式amounted to,后接金额300 dollars。故填amounted to 300 dollars。
9 satisfaction n.满足,满意;欣慰( satisfy vt.使满意;使满足satisfying/ satisfactory adj.令人满意的satisfied adj.感到满意的)
(2023·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【38题答案】
【答案】 ①. To my satisfaction ②. writing a satisfying/satisfactory article ③. smiling with satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、非谓语动词和形容词。根据英汉意思对比可知,第一空应填“令我满意的是”,to one’s satisfaction为固定短语,意为“令某人满意的是”,位于句首作状语;第二空应填“写一篇令人满意的文章”,succeed in doing sth为固定搭配,表示“成功做某事”,故空后动词用动名词形式作宾语,satisfying或satisfactory均可表示“令人满意的”,修饰article;第三空应填“满意地笑了”,smile with satisfaction为固定短语,此处用现在分词短语smiling with satisfaction作伴随状语。故填①To my satisfaction;②writing a satisfying/satisfactory article;③smiling with satisfaction。
(应用文写作之日程安排)
【39题答案】
【答案】 ①. If you are not satisfied with our arrangements; ②. we can satisfy your needs/demands
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、时态和动词短语。第一空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“如果你们对我们的安排不满意”,可译为If you are not satisfied with our arrangements;“对……不满意”译为be not satisfied with,当主句是祈使句时,条件状语从句通常使用一般现在时来保持时态一致,句子主语为you,故be动词用are;引导条件状语从句可用If。第二空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“我们能够满足你们的需要”,可译为we can satisfy your needs/demands;so that引导目的状语从句,当主句是祈使句时,目的状语从句通常使用一般现在时来保持时态一致,“满足某人的需要”译为固定短语satisfy one’s needs/demands。故填①If you are not satisfied with our arrangements;②we can satisfy your needs/demands.
10 amazingly adv.惊人地,了不起地( amazing adj.令人惊奇的amazed adj.大为惊奇的,惊讶的amazement n.惊奇,惊愕amaze vt.使大为吃惊;使感到惊愕)
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
【40题答案】
【答案】 ①. in amazement ②. I am amazed at/ by your amazing performance
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、形容词短语及时态。根据英汉意思对比可知,空①缺“惊讶地”,空②缺“我对你让人惊喜的表现感到吃惊”;空处所在句子是直接引语,描述说话当下的感受,用一般现在时;空①用介词短语in amazement作状语修饰opened his mouth wide;空②中“对……感到吃惊”用固定搭配be amazed at/by,“让人惊喜的表现”译为amazing performance。故填in amazement;I am amazed at/ by your amazing performance。
(2023·浙江1月,读后续写)
【41题答案】
【答案】was amazed to find that
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“惊奇地发现……”,可译为was amazed to find that;不定式to find作原因状语,后接that引导的宾语从句,且句子描述过去发生的事情,主语为I,故be动词用was。故填was amazed to find that。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【42题答案】
【答案】What amazed me/made me amazed
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:令我惊讶的是,冈特没让我付出租车费就让我走了,我鞠了一躬,转身奔向公交车站。what引导的主语从句基本结构是“What + 谓语 + 其他 + is that ...”,what在从句中充当主语,指代“令我惊讶的事情”。原句To my amazement可改写为 What amazed me 或 What made me amazed,在句中作主语,that引导表语从句说明具体内容。故填What amazed me/made me amazed。
11 defence n.防御,保卫;防守队员,后卫[defend vi. & vt.保护;保卫defensive adj.防御(性) 的;防守的]
(读后续写之心理描写)
【43题答案】
【答案】 ①. in my defence; ②. defend me against/ from being injured
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、非谓语动词和动词短语。第一空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“为我辩护”,可译为in my defence;介词短语“为某人辩护”可译为 in one’s defence,主语是“我”,其形容词性的物主代词是my;第二空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“保护我不受伤害”,可译为defend me against/ from being injured;固定短语“保护某人免受……”可译为defend sb. against/from (doing) sth.,“受伤害”译为being injured(动名词的被动形式,表 “被伤害”)作介词的宾语,且情态动词would后接动词原形。故填①in my defence;②defend me against/from being injured。
(读后续写之动作链描写)
【44题答案】
【答案】in defence of himself
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语作状语。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“保护自己”;句子讲述过去的事情用一般过去时,“为了保护自己”用介词短语in defence of oneself,主语是he,oneself在句中应是himself。故填in defence of himself。
12 let sb down使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
(读后续写之片段描写)
【45~52题答案】
【答案】45. let
46. in 47. let
48. down 49. to let off steam
50. let out
51. let alone
52. letting go of
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的朋友哭诉儿子的所作所为,作者进行安慰的故事。
【45题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意:听到敲门声后,我让我的朋友进来,他含泪低语,说他儿子的所作所为让他失望。表示“让某人进来”,可译为let sb. in;结合下文可知,叙述过去发生的故事,为一般过去时,let的过去式仍为let。故填let。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。表示“让某人进来”,可译为let sb. in,副词in符合语境。故填in。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意同上。表示“让某人失望”,可译为let sb. down;宾语从句中,主句为一般过去时,从句也用一般过去时,let的过去式仍为let。故填let。
【48题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。表示“让某人失望”,可译为let sb. down,副词down符合语境。故填down。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词和动词短语。句意:我只是静静地坐在沙发上,让他发泄情绪。表示“发泄情绪、宣泄怒火”,可译为let off steam;enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“使某人能够做某事”,因此用不定式形式。故填to let off steam。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意:他发出一声痛苦的尖叫,感觉像一把刀刺穿了他的胸膛。表示“发出(声音)、泄露”,可译为let out;结合上下文可知,叙述过去发生的故事,句子时态为一般过去时,let的过去式仍为let。故填let out。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语。句意:我们成年人都放不下手机,更别说青少年了。表示“更不用说、更别提”,可译为let alone,用于递进关系的语境中。故填let alone。
【52题详解】
考查非谓语动词和动词短语。句意:所以有时候放开我们的孩子,让他们在规定时间内玩耍也是合理的。表示“放开、放手”,可译为let go of;此处作句子主语,需用let的动名词形式letting,重读闭音节结尾的动词,变现在分词要双写末尾辅音字母。故填letting go of。
13 keep up with跟上;保持同步
【53~57题答案】
【答案】53. caught up with
54. Putting up with
55. have come up with
56. (to) keep up with
57. end up with
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者追上情绪低落的汤姆并鼓励他振作的故事。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意:我跑上前追上了拖着脚步、情绪低落的汤姆。根据ran forward和catch up with意为“追上,赶上”可知,应是“追上去”;根据ran可知,句子时态为一般过去时。故填caught up with。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语和非谓语。句意:我说:“忍受暂时的失败是你现在必须做的。”根据宾语the temporary failure和put up with意为“忍受”可知是“忍受暂时的失败”;作主语需用动名词短语Putting up with,位于句首首字母大写。故填Putting up with。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意:我最近想出了一些可行的办法,我会帮助你在学习上赶上别人。根据宾语some achievable measures和come up with意为“想出,提出”可知是“想出了一些可行的办法”;时间状语recently常与现在完成时连用,主语为It,故填have come up with。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语和非谓语。句意:我最近想出了一些可行的办法,我会帮助你在学习上赶上别人。根据宾语others in studies和keep up with意为“跟上,赶上”可知是“在学习上赶上别人”;help sb. (to) do sth.为固定搭配,故填(to) keep up with。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意:我相信你的努力会有回报,你最终会取得成功。end up with意为“以……结束,最终得到”,位于will之后,用动词原形。故填end up with。
14 This/ That is because...
This is all because I exercise quite regularly.这都是因为我经常锻炼。
(2024·浙江1月,应用文写作)
【58题答案】
【答案】 ①. This is why I recommend it to my fellow students. ②. This is because it helps to burn calories, strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure. ③. The reason why I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students is that
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句、定语从句和时态。结合上下文可知,用一般现在时。第一空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“这就是为什么我把它推荐给我的同学的原因”,可译为This is why I recommend it to my fellow students;This is why ... 是表语从句,why引导的从句在句中作系动词is的表语,用于引出前文所述内容带来的结果;第二空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“这是因为它有助于燃烧卡路里、增强肌肉、减轻学习压力。”,可译为This is because it helps to burn calories, strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure;This is because ... 是表语从句,because引导的从句在句中作系动词is的表语,用于引出前文所述内容的原因;第三空,根据英汉意思对比可知,此处表示“我把跳绳推荐给我的同学的原因是”,可译为The reason why I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students is that;The reason why ... is that ... 结构中,why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason,that引导表语从句,具体说明原因的内容。故填①This is why I recommend it to my fellow students.②This is because it helps to burn calories, strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure.③The reason why I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students is that。
15 祈使句+ and/ or+陈述句
And don’t drink too much while running, or it’ll make you feel sick.
跑步时不要喝太多水,否则会让你感到不舒服。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【59题答案】
【答案】Be brave, or/otherwise/or else you would never handle the present challenge.
【解析】
【详解】空处应填翻译“勇敢点,否则你永远应付不了现在的挑战”;“勇敢点”为祈使句,用Be brave,brave为形容词,祈使句以be动词原形开头;“否则”可用or/otherwise/or else表达;“永远应付不了”用would never handle,handle为“处理、应付”,would表示委婉的语气;“现在的挑战”翻译为the present challenge。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ,读后续写)
【60题答案】
【答案】Make more efforts/ More efforts
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语与祈使句结构。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处缺“再努力一点”;本句为“祈使句+ and +陈述句”的固定句型,“再努力一点”可用动词短语Make more efforts或名词短语More efforts表示,句首单词首字母大写。故填Make more efforts/ More efforts。
(应用文之建议信结束语)
【61题答案】
【答案】Follow the above suggestions, and you will find it easy.
【解析】
【详解】句意:遵循以上建议,你会发现很容易改变你糟糕的处境。“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”是英语中表条件与结果的固定句型,祈使句(以动词原形开头)表条件,and后的陈述句表将来的结果,可与if引导的条件状语从句互换。改写时,将原句条件状语从句的主语you省略,动词follow改为原形置于句首构成祈使句Follow the above suggestions,句首首字母大写,再用and连接原句的主句you will find it easy。
16 “否定词+比较级”表示最高级
There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of,也没有更好的方法来了解你自己,看看你能做到哪一步。
(应用文写作之推荐信)
【62~63题答案】
【答案】62. can’t find a person more qualified for the position than him
63. nobody is more generous and kind-hearted than him
【解析】
【62题详解】
考查比较级和固定表达。句子描述现在的观点,用一般现在时;“不可能找到”表达为can’t find,“更胜任这个职位的人”表达为a person more qualified for the position,“比他”表达为than him。故译为can’t find a person more qualified for the position than him。
【63题详解】
考查比较级句型。句子描述现在的评价,用一般现在时;“没人”表达为nobody,“更慷慨更善良”表达为more generous and kind-hearted,“比他”表达为than him,用“否定词+比较级”表达最高级含义。故译为nobody is more generous and kind-hearted than him
(2022·浙江1月,读后续写)
【64题答案】
【答案】can’t be too careful/can’t be careful enough
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。根据英汉意思对比可知,空处应填“怎么细心都不为过”;句子陈述客观建议,时态为一般现在时;“再……也不为过”的固定表达为can’t be too + 形容词/can’t be + 形容词 + enough,“细心的”对应的形容词为careful。故填can’t be too careful/can’t be careful enough。
基础达标
提示:题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
【65~69题答案】
【答案】65. n.注射
66. n.尝试,努力
67. n.投球,击球
68. n.相片,照片
69. n.机会
【解析】
【65题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:我儿子因为重感冒被医生打了一针。shot在不定冠词a后作宾语,结合“by a doctor”和“bad cold”语境,指医疗注射,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 注射。
【66题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:病愈后,他尝试在体育场中场位置射门,幸运的是他成功了。shot在不定冠词a后作宾语,构成固定搭配have a shot at,结合语境指尝试做某事,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 尝试,努力。
【67题详解】
考查名词词义。句意同上。shot在不定冠词a后作宾语,结合“at the goal from the halfway”语境,指体育运动中的射门、投球动作,为可数名词单数。故填:n. 投球,击球。
【68题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:我设法拍到了一些儿子活动的精彩照片。shots在形容词some和good后作宾语,结合“get some good shots of”语境,指拍摄的照片,为可数名词复数。故填:n.相片,照片。
【69题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:总之,我们抓住每一次机会一起玩乐。shot在形容词every后作宾语,构成固定搭配seize every shot,结合语境指可利用的机会,为可数名词单数。故填:n.机会。
【70~73题答案】
【答案】70. n. 建议
71. n. 梢,末端
72. vt. 倾倒,倒出
73. vt. 给……小费
【解析】
【70题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:我们接受了他的建议——吃火锅。tip在句中作名词,结合语境可知,此处指对方提出的“吃火锅”这个建议,故词义为“建议”。故答案为:n. 建议。
【71题详解】
考查名词词义。句意:随着树枝的末梢在微风中摇曳,我们走向一家火锅店。tip在句中作名词,结合branches可知,此处指树枝的尖端或末梢,故词义为“梢,末端”。故答案为:n. 梢,末端。
【72题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:我们将一盘盘新鲜的肉、鱼和蔬菜倒入锅中,离开前,我们慷慨地给了女服务员五十元小费。tip在句中作及物动词,结合plates of fresh meat ... into the pot可知,此处表示将盘子里的食材倒入锅中,故词义为“倾倒,倒出”。故答案为:vt. 倾倒,倒出。
【73题详解】
考查动词词义。句意同上。tip在句中作及物动词,结合the waitress fifty yuan可知,此处表示给服务员小费,故词义为“给……小费”。故答案为:vt. 给……小费。
【74~79题答案】
【答案】74. adv. (指时刻)整
75. adj. (方向)急转的
76. adj. 敏锐的
77. adj. 尖锐的,严厉的
78. adj. 清晰的
79. adj. 锋利的
【解析】
【74题详解】
考查副词词义。句意:昨天下午5点整,我在乡间小路的一个急弯处骑车时,撞倒了一个目光敏锐的年轻人。sharp在数词5后修饰时刻,结合“At 5 sharp”语境,指整点时刻,为副词。故填:adv. (指时刻)整。
【75题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词bend,结合“on the country road”语境,指道路方向的急转弯,为形容词。故填:adj. (方向)急转的。
【76题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词eyes,结合语境指观察力强、敏锐的眼神,为形容词。故填:adj. 敏锐的。
【77题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意:看到我苍白的脸色,他没有对我说尖刻的话,而是幽默地说:“看!轮胎痕迹很清晰。幸运的是,你车把上没有绑一把锋利的刀。”sharp修饰名词words,结合语境指语气严厉、尖锐的话语,为形容词。故填:adj. 尖锐的,严厉的。
【78题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp在句中作表语,结合“and clear”语境,指痕迹清晰、分明,为形容词。故填:adj. 清晰的。
【79题详解】
考查形容词词义。句意同上。sharp修饰名词knife,结合语境指刀刃锋利的刀具,为形容词。故填:adj. 锋利的。
【80~82题答案】
【答案】80. vt. 占领,占据
81. vt. 占用(时间)
82. vt. 使忙于
【解析】
【80题详解】
考查动词词义。句意:占领这座城市花费了一个月的时间;然后,统治者们忙于重建被毁的城市。Occupying the city在句中作主语,指代“占领城市”这一动作,结合语境指对地域、城市的控制,为动名词形式。故填:vt. 占领,占据。
【81题详解】
考查动词词义。句意同上。occupied在句中作谓语,主语为动名词短语Occupying the city,后接宾语one month,结合语境指耗费、占用时间。故填:vt. 占用(时间)。
【82题详解】
考查动词词义。句意同上。occupied在句中作谓语,主语为the rulers,构成固定搭配occupy oneself in,结合语境指使自己投入、忙于某项工作。故填:vt. 使忙于。
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
【83题答案】
【答案】to contact
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:此刻,我必须提醒你联系慈善机构寻求一些帮助。remind后接宾语you时,需使用不定式结构to do sth.作宾语补足语,即remind sb. to do sth.,表示“提醒某人做某事”;提示词contact为动词原形,因此需使用其不定式形式to contact。故填to contact。
【84题答案】
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:幸运的是,我想出了一个如何处理这个难题的好主意。空处与come up构成固定搭配come up with,意为“想出;提出”,空处缺介词with。故填with。
【85题答案】
【答案】to become
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:坦白说,我想成为一名志愿者的愿望一刻也没有离开过我。空处位于抽象名词desire后作后置定语,需用不定式形式,become为动词原形,my desire to become a volunteer意为“我成为一名志愿者的愿望”,空处缺不定式to become。故填to become。
【86题答案】
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们被建议旅行时带上急救箱,以防意外受伤。空处与case of构成固定搭配in case of,意为“以防;万一”,空处缺介词in。故填in。
【87题答案】
【答案】Occupied
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些高三学生忙于复习功课备战高考,没有闲暇时间。固定短语be occupied in doing sth表示“忙于做某事”,“have”为谓语,此处逗号前为状语,句子主语these senior three students与occupy为被动关系(学生“被某事占据”),因此使用occupy的过去分词Occupied作原因状语,省略be动词,位于句首首字母需大写。故填Occupied。
【88题答案】
【答案】about
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:这位专家对硬件质量很挑剔,因此不会购买没有合格证书的电脑。be particular about为固定搭配,意为“对……很挑剔”。故填about。
【89题答案】
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】句意:得知我们每月的日常开支达到了10000元时,我完全惊呆了。“amount to”为固定搭配,意为“总计;达到 (某数量)”。
【90题答案】
【答案】with
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:看到大石头从主路上被移走,老人满意地笑了。根据with satisfaction意为“满意地”可知填介词,介宾短语在句中作状语。故填with。
【91题答案】
【答案】amazed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我感到很惊讶,很多人都渴望得到这份薪水并不高的职位。空处位于系动词feel后作表语,修饰人I,需用以-ed结尾的形容词amazed,意为“感到惊讶的”。故填amazed。
【92题答案】
【答案】surfing##to surf
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在现代,越来越多的高中生喜欢上网。空处位于动词prefer后,prefer后可接动名词或不定式作宾语,即prefer doing sth.或prefer to do sth.,均表示“更喜欢做某事”,surf的动名词为surfing,不定式为to surf。故填surfing/to surf。
【93题答案】
【答案】down
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意:我相信我儿子有能力完美完成这项具有挑战性的任务,他不会让我失望。let sb down为固定短语,意为“让某人失望”。故填down。
【94题答案】
【答案】has intended
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:换句话说,到目前为止,是他而不是我打算亲自体验这个具有挑战性的实验。rather than连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语he保持一致,故用第三人称单数形式;时间状语up to now提示句子时态应用现在完成时,表示动作从过去持续到现在。故填has intended。
【95题答案】
【答案】because
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:许多学生沉迷于上网,那是因为网络上有吸引人的东西。后一分句说明前面结果的原因,故that’s because ...意为“那是因为……”符合题意,因此用because引导表语从句。故填because。
【96题答案】
【答案】more professional
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:在镇上,没有人比布朗先生更擅长修理电脑。句中出现了比较级标志词than,表示“比……更”,因此需要将形容词professional变为比较级形式,professional是多音节形容词,其比较级需要在前面加more,即more professional,professional意为“专业的、职业的”。故填more professional。
【97题答案】
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意:得知我的儿子变得越来越自信,我如释重负地松了口气。空处与relief构成固定搭配in relief,意为“如释重负地;松了口气”,空处缺介词in。故填in。
提升·写作能力
应用文增分练——体育与健康
【98题答案】
【答案】参考范文
Dear Peter,
Learning that you are eager to know the physical exercise in our school, I am honoured to offer some information to you.
With the new school stadium built, we students have been participating in physical activities more actively. A wide range of sports events are being held here, of which playing basketball enjoys the most popularity. By playing basketball, we can not only stay energetic physically, but also become more aware of the importance of teamwork. So even if we are busy with our study, we will spare some time to play basketball in the new stadium.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求你以李华的身份,给英国朋友Peter回一封电子邮件,介绍你校学生的体育锻炼情况,包括学校的体育场馆、主要的运动项目以及最受欢迎的体育活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望的:eager → keen
提供:offer → provide
参加:participate in → take part in
意识到:be aware of → be conscious of
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句:With the new school stadium built, we students have been participating in physical activities more actively.
拓展句:Now that the new school stadium has been constructed, we students have been taking part in physical activities with greater enthusiasm.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】A wide range of sports events are being held here, of which playing basketball enjoys the most popularity.(运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】So even if we are busy with our study, we will spare some time to play basketball in the new stadium.(运用了even if 引导的让步状语从句)
【完成句子】
【99题答案】
【答案】Learning that you are eager to know the physical exercise in our school, I am honoured to offer some information to you.
【解析】
【详解】考查分词作状语、固定句型和时态。句子陈述当前的情况,用一般现在时。“得知……”用“learn that +宾语从句”,在句中作状语,learn与主语I是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式;“想了解”用固定表达be eager to know,强调急切的心情,“我校学生的体育锻炼情况”译为the physical exercise in our school,“得知你想了解我校学生的体育锻炼情况”用现在分词短语Learning that you are eager to know the physical exercise in our school,句首首字母要大写;“很荣幸做某事”表达为be honoured to do sth,“提供某物给某人”表达为offer sth to sb,“向你提供一些信息”译为offer some information to you,“我很荣幸向你提供一些信息”译为I am honoured to offer some information to you。故翻译为:Learning that you are eager to know the physical exercise in our school, I am honoured to offer some information to you.
【100题答案】
【答案】First of all, a new stadium has been built, which has become a new landmark of our school.
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句、时态和语态。句子描述已经完成的动作,用现在完成时;“首先”译为first of all,放句首首字母要大写;“一座新的体育场”译为a new stadium,在句中作主语;“已经建成”用现在完成时的被动语态has been built,表示动作已完成且主语是动作的承受者;“并且已经成为我们学校的新地标”用非限制性定语从句表达,用逗号与主句隔开,关系词用which指代前面的a new stadium,谓语动词用单数形式,从句用现在完成时,“成为”译为become,其过去分词是become,“我们学校的新地标”译为a new landmark of our school,因此从句译为which has become a new landmark of our school,补充说明体育场的现状。故翻译为First of all, a new stadium has been built, which has become a new landmark of our school.
【101题答案】
【答案】With the new school stadium built, we students have been participating in physical activities more actively.
【解析】
【详解】考查with复合结构和现在完成进行时。句子描述从过去持续到现在的动作,用现在完成进行时。“随着新学校体育场的建成”用with复合结构(with +宾语+宾语补足语)表达,体育场是被建成的,建造build与逻辑主语the new school stadium是被动关系,所以本结构的宾语补足语用build的过去分词built,表示 “体育场” 与 “建成” 之间是被动关系,且动作已完成,即With the new school stadium built;“我们学生”译为we students,students作we的同位语;“参加体育活动”用固定搭配participate in physical activities;“积极性更高了”用现在完成进行时have been participating ... more actively表示动作持续进行且更加积极。 故翻译为:With the new school stadium built, we students have been participating in physical activities more actively.
【102题答案】
【答案】By playing basketball, we can not only stay energetic physically, but also become more aware of the importance of teamwork.
【解析】
【详解】考查方式状语、并列结构和动词短语。句子陈述一般性事实,用一般现在时;“通过打篮球”用介词短语by playing basketball作方式状语,放句首首字母要大写,其中by + doing表示“通过做某事”;“不仅……还……”用固定结构not only ... but also ...,连接两个并列的谓语部分;“保持身体精力充沛”译为stay energetic physically,其中stay是系动词,后接形容词energetic作表语;“更加意识到”用固定搭配become more aware of,后接名词短语“团队合作的重要性”the importance of teamwork作宾语。故翻译为By playing basketball, we can not only stay energetic physically, but also become more aware of the importance of teamwork.
【103题答案】
【答案】So even if we are busy with our study, we will spare some time to play basketball in the new stadium.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句、形容词短语和时态。句子陈述将来的计划,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。“因此”译为So,用于句首承接上下文,首字母大写;“即使”用even if/though引导让步状语从句;“忙于……”用形容词短语be busy with,“学习”联系前后文可知是“我们的学习” our study;“抽出一些时间做某事”用固定表达spare some time to do sth.;“在新体育场打篮球”译为play basketball in the new stadium。故翻译为:So even if we are busy with our study, we will spare some time to play basketball in the new stadium.
【组句成篇】
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
_______________________________________________________________
续写积累提能练
语料运用【主题:体育与健康】
【104~109题答案】
【答案】104. bit my lips and wiped the tears from my cheeks
105. cast an encouraging glance at me
106. a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart
107. What made me relieved
108. with his fingers forming a “heart”
109. Feeling a surge of relief/Feeling relieved
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在学校自行车比赛中落后时,得到老师和同学的鼓励,最终坚持完成比赛,并从中领悟到永不放弃的道理。
【104题详解】
考查时态和动词短语。句子描述过去的动作,用一般过去时;“咬着嘴唇”表达为bit my lips(bit为bite“咬”的过去式),“擦去脸颊上的泪水”表达为wiped the tears from my cheeks(wiped为wipe“擦”的过去式)。故译为bit my lips and wiped the tears from my cheeks。
【105题详解】
考查时态和动词短语。句子描述过去的感受,用一般过去时;“投来目光”用动词cast,其过去式仍为cast,“鼓励的”用形容词encouraging作定语修饰glance“一瞥”,“向我投来鼓励的目光”表达为cast an encouraging glance at me。故译为cast an encouraging glance at me。
【106题详解】
考查时态。句子描述过去的感受,用一般过去时;无灵主语句以无生命事物作主语,此处主语为“一种温暖和宽慰的感觉”,译为a mixture of warmth and relief,“在内心深处涌起”表达为welled up in my deep heart(welled为well“涌起”的过去式)。故译为a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart。
【107题详解】
考查主语从句。句子描述过去的感受,用一般过去时;此处用What引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,“使我感到宽慰的是”表达为What made me relieved(made为make“使……”的过去式),句首单词首字母要大写。故译为What made me relieved。
【108题详解】
考查with的复合结构。此处用“with+名词+现在分词”构成复合结构,在句中作伴随状语;“他的手指”表达为his fingers,“比成一个‘心’形”表达为forming a “heart”,fingers与form是主动关系,故用现在分词forming。故译为with his fingers forming a “heart”。
【109题详解】
考查现在分词短语作状语。“感到”译为feel,与主语I是主动关系,用现在分词短语作原因状语,“感到如释重负”表达为Feeling a surge of relief或Feeling relieved,句首单词首字母要大写。故译为Feeling a surge of relief/Feeling relieved。
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