Unit 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕Unit 1 Friendship展开，聚焦描述好友品质的核心词汇、询问观点句型及阅读猜词技巧，通过单词互译、短语练习、句子翻译夯实基础，结合阅读文本分析人物外貌与性格，搭建从词汇积累到阅读表达的学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过小组讨论、细节抓取、观点输出提升语言运用，设置错题反思与改进计划培养学习能力，习题设计贴近文本，强化知识迁移，助力学生高效掌握单元核心内容。

Unit 1 Friendship Welcome to the unit & Reading导学案 能认读、默写描述好友品质的核心词汇（helpful, honest, cheerful, humorous, caring, trustworthy, energetic等）；理解询问观点句型 What do you think...?；读懂两篇阅读短文 My best friend (Betty & Max)，掌握“根据上下文猜测生词”的阅读解题技巧。 能模仿课本对话，小组合作讨论好朋友必备品质；能抓取文本细节，口头完整描述好友外貌与性格；能运用单元核心短语、句型完成对话挖空练习。 能梳理好友外貌、性格素材，为单元写作《My best friend》积累表达；能结合两篇阅读人物，分享自己心中理想好友的特质，形成完整观点输出。 重点： 1.掌握描述人物品质、外貌的形容词及固定搭配； 2.掌握询问他人观点句型 What do you think makes good friends?； 3.读懂两篇阅读文本，快速提取人物外貌、性格关键信息。 难点： 1.区分 -ed/-ful 形容词（bored/cheerful/helpful），准确区分人物感受与性格特质； 2.结合文本细节分析人物品质，使用完整复合句口头介绍好友； 3.熟练运用上下文线索猜测生词词义的阅读策略。 一、单词互译 1.friendship ____________ 2.helpful ____________ 3.honest ____________ 4.cheerful ____________ 5.humorous ____________ 6.caring ____________ 7.slim ____________ 8.ponytail ____________ 9.trustworthy ____________ 10.humour n. ____________ 11.energetic ____________ 12.encourage v. ____________ 13.bored ____________ 14.understand v. ____________ 15.support v. ____________ 二、短语互译 1.说真话 ____________________ 2.在你需要支持时陪伴你 ____________________ 3.随时乐意帮助任何人 ____________________ 4.给有需要的人让座 ____________________ 5.使某人振作起来 ____________________ 6.有很强的幽默感 ____________________ 7.想要放弃难题 ____________________ 8.鼓励某人不断尝试 ____________________ 三、句子翻译（括号内为指定短语/句型） 1.你认为什么样的品质能成就好朋友？（What do you think...?） 2.Betty善良又热心，随时准备帮助身边任何人。（be ready to do） 3.Max很有幽默感，有他在身边你永远不会感到无聊。（have a sense of humour） 4.每当我想要放弃学习任务时，他总会鼓励我坚持下去。（feel like doing; encourage sb to do） 【参考答案】 一、1.友谊 2.乐于助人的 3.诚实的 4.开朗乐观的 5.幽默的 6.体贴关心人的 7.苗条的 8.马尾辫 9.值得信赖的 10.幽默 11.精力充沛的 12.鼓励 13.感到无聊的 14.理解 15.支持 二、1.tell the truth 2.stand by your side when you need support 3.be ready to help anyone any time 4.give up one’s seat to someone in need 5.cheer sb up 6.have a great sense of humour 7.feel like giving up difficult tasks 8.encourage sb to keep trying 三、1.What do you think makes good friends? 2.Betty is kind and helpful, and she is ready to help anyone any time. 3.Max has a great sense of humour. You will never feel bored with him around. 4.When I feel like giving up on difficult tasks, he always encourages me to keep trying. 知识点1：What makes your friend so special? (P7 ) 用法讲解： 1.make + 宾语 + 形容词：make作使役动词，后接形容词作宾语补足语，意为“使某人/某物变得……”。 例句：The humorous stories make me happy. 2.special adj. 特别的；拓展变形：specially adv. 专门地，specialist n. 专家。 核心句型：What makes sb/sth + adj.? 什么让某人/某物具备某种特质？ 知识点2：They should also be honest. They don’t lie to you, so you can trust them. (P7) 用法讲解： 1.honest adj. 诚实的；单词以元音音素开头，搭配不定冠词an：an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩。 拓展：truth n. 事实；固定搭配tell the truth 说实话；true adj. 真实的；truly adv. 真诚地。 2.lie vi. 撒谎；固定搭配lie to sb 对某人撒谎；变形：lie（原形）—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）。 辨析：lie还可表示“躺”，变形为lie—lay—lain，词义不同变形不同。 知识点3：Max has a great sense of humour. He often tells jokes and makes us laugh. (P9 ) 用法讲解： 1.humour n. 幽默（英式拼写），美式为humor；形容词形式humorous 幽默的。 2.sense n. 感觉、理解力；高频固定搭配： 3.a sense of humour 幽默感；a sense of direction 方向感；a sense of safety 安全感。 4.joke n. 笑话（可数名词）；搭配：tell jokes 讲笑话；play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑。 5.make sb laugh：make后接不带to的不定式作宾补，结构make sb do sth 让某人做某事。 知识点4：They make him look a little bit funny. (P9) 用法讲解： a little bit = a bit = a little，三者均可修饰形容词/副词，表“有点儿”。 例句：I am a little bit tired after running. 用法区分： a little 可直接加不可数名词：a little water 一点水； a bit 修饰名词必须加of：a bit of bread 一点面包。 拓展：not a bit = not at all 一点也不；not a little = very 非常。 知识点5：Betty is ready to help anyone any time. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.ready adj. 乐意的；准备好的；两大核心搭配： ① be ready to do sth 随时乐意做某事； ② be ready for sth 为某事做好准备。 例句：She is ready to help me with my schoolwork. 2.helpful adj. 乐于助人的；词缀规律：-ful 表“充满……”，-less 表“无……”； 拓展：help v./n. 帮助；helpless adj. 无助的。 知识点6：She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.give up 动副短语，含义：让出；放弃；代词作宾语时必须放中间：give it up。 固定搭配：give up doing sth 放弃做某事 例句：He gave up playing computer games last term. 2.someone in need 有需要的人；in need 介词短语，意为“处于困境、有需求”；同义短语in trouble 陷入麻烦。 知识点7：She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.cheer v. 使开心；形容词形式cheerful 快乐的，高兴的。 cheer up 动副短语，宾语是人时放中间：cheer her up 让她振作起来。 2.feel down 固定表达，down此处为形容词，意为“情绪低落、沮丧的”。 例句：My best friend cheered me up when I felt down. 知识点8：Betty is also trustworthy. / she’s great at keeping secrets. (P8、P11) 用法讲解： 1.trustworthy adj. 值得信赖的；词根trust v./n. 信任；搭配trust sb 信任某人。 2.secret n. 秘密（可数名词）；固定搭配keep secrets = keep a secret 保密；tell sb a secret 告诉某人秘密。 secret 也可作形容词：secret information 机密信息。 知识点9：...he always encourages me to keep trying. (P9) 用法讲解： encourage vt. 鼓励；名词形式encouragement n. 鼓励。 固定搭配：encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事（不可说encourage sb doing）。 拓展短语：feel like doing sth 想要做某事 = want to do sth；give up on sth 放弃某事。 例句：My deskmate encourages me to speak English every day. 知识点10：Max is very energetic. He stays active and never seems to get tired. (P9) 用法讲解： 1.energy n. 精力、能量；形容词energetic 精力充沛的。 2.active adj. 积极的；搭配stay active 保持活跃。 3.seem to do sth 似乎、好像做某事；get tired 感到疲惫。 辨析：tired（修饰人，感到疲惫的）；tiring（修饰事物，令人疲惫的）。 知识点11：You will never feel bored with him around. (P9) 用法讲解： 1.辨析：bored & boring bored：修饰人，意为“感到无聊的”； boring：修饰事物，意为“令人无聊的”。 例句：The show is boring, so I feel bored. 2.around adv. 在身边、在周围；with sb around 有某人陪伴在身边。 知识点12：She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.understand vt. 理解；不规则变形：understand—understood—understood。 2.carefully adv. 仔细地；构词法：careful（adj. 细心的）+ ly → 副词。 3.quite adv. 相当，修饰形容词、副词；quite well 相当好。 知识点13：What do you think makes good friends? (P7) 用法讲解： do you think 为插入语，放在疑问词后，后面句子必须使用陈述句语序。 例句：What do you think he will choose as his best friend? 同义询问观点句型：How do you like...? / What’s your opinion of...? 知识点14：I think good friends should be kind and caring. (P7) 用法讲解： care v. 关心；基础搭配care about sb 关心某人。 同根形容词区分： caring adj. 体贴他人的（形容人的性格）； careful adj. 细心的；careless adj. 粗心的。 caring属于-ing结尾形容词，专门用于描述人的内在特质。 知识点15：Her hair is longer than mine. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.than 形容词比较级标志性单词，表“比”，用于两者对比。 2.mine 名词性物主代词，此处= my hair，避免名词重复；比较必须是同类事物对比。 例句：Your eyes are bigger than mine. 3.long 规则变化比较级：long → longer，单音节形容词直接加-er。 知识点16：Write to Teenagers magazine about your best friend. (P7) 用法讲解： teenager n. 青少年（指13-19岁的年轻人）；复数teenagers。 拓展：teenage adj. 青少年的；teen adj. 十几岁的。 一、用单词适当形式填空 1.My best friend is very ________ (humour). He always tells funny jokes to make us happy. 2.When I feel upset, my deskmate is always ________ (cheer) to cheer me up. 3.He plays sports every day and never feels tired. He is so ________ (energy). 4.You won’t feel ________ (bore) if you stay with Max. He’s full of fun. 5.Amy is a ________ (help) girl. She often helps me with my schoolwork. 二、根据中文提示写单词 6.An ________ (诚实的) friend will never tell lies to you. 7.My cousin is slim and she always wears her hair in a long ________ (马尾辫). 8.I share all my worries with Kate, because she is ________ (值得信赖的). 9.My teacher often ________ (鼓励) us to face difficulties bravely. 10.A ________ (体贴的) friend will always notice your bad feelings. 三、单项选择 11.—What do you think ________ good friends? —I think they should be honest and caring. A. make B. makes C. to make D. making 12.Betty is ready ________ other people any time. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps 13.Max has a good sense of ________. We all enjoy staying with him. A. humour B. humorous C. cheer D. cheerful 14.When I feel like ________ up my lessons, my friend asks me to keep trying. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gives 15. She often gives her seat to people ________ need on the school bus. A. on B. for C. in D. at 【参考答案】 1.humorous 2. cheerful 3. energetic 4. bored 5. helpful 6.honest 7. ponytail 8. trustworthy 9. encourages 10. caring B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他__ ______________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship Welcome to the unit & Reading导学案 能认读、默写描述好友品质的核心词汇（helpful, honest, cheerful, humorous, caring, trustworthy, energetic等）；理解询问观点句型 What do you think...?；读懂两篇阅读短文 My best friend (Betty & Max)，掌握“根据上下文猜测生词”的阅读解题技巧。 能模仿课本对话，小组合作讨论好朋友必备品质；能抓取文本细节，口头完整描述好友外貌与性格；能运用单元核心短语、句型完成对话挖空练习。 能梳理好友外貌、性格素材，为单元写作《My best friend》积累表达；能结合两篇阅读人物，分享自己心中理想好友的特质，形成完整观点输出。 重点： 1.掌握描述人物品质、外貌的形容词及固定搭配； 2.掌握询问他人观点句型 What do you think makes good friends?； 3.读懂两篇阅读文本，快速提取人物外貌、性格关键信息。 难点： 1.区分 -ed/-ful 形容词（bored/cheerful/helpful），准确区分人物感受与性格特质； 2.结合文本细节分析人物品质，使用完整复合句口头介绍好友； 3.熟练运用上下文线索猜测生词词义的阅读策略。 一、单词互译 1.friendship ____________ 2.helpful ____________ 3.honest ____________ 4.cheerful ____________ 5.humorous ____________ 6.caring ____________ 7.slim ____________ 8.ponytail ____________ 9.trustworthy ____________ 10.humour n. ____________ 11.energetic ____________ 12.encourage v. ____________ 13.bored ____________ 14.understand v. ____________ 15.support v. ____________ 二、短语互译 1.说真话 ____________________ 2.在你需要支持时陪伴你 ____________________ 3.随时乐意帮助任何人 ____________________ 4.给有需要的人让座 ____________________ 5.使某人振作起来 ____________________ 6.有很强的幽默感 ____________________ 7.想要放弃难题 ____________________ 8.鼓励某人不断尝试 ____________________ 三、句子翻译（括号内为指定短语/句型） 1.你认为什么样的品质能成就好朋友？（What do you think...?） 2.Betty善良又热心，随时准备帮助身边任何人。（be ready to do） 3.Max很有幽默感，有他在身边你永远不会感到无聊。（have a sense of humour） 4.每当我想要放弃学习任务时，他总会鼓励我坚持下去。（feel like doing; encourage sb to do） 知识点1：What makes your friend so special? (P7 ) 用法讲解： 1.make + 宾语 + 形容词：make作使役动词，后接形容词作宾语补足语，意为“使某人/某物变得……”。 例句：The humorous stories make me happy. 2.special adj. 特别的；拓展变形：specially adv. 专门地，specialist n. 专家。 核心句型：What makes sb/sth + adj.? 什么让某人/某物具备某种特质？ 知识点2：They should also be honest. They don’t lie to you, so you can trust them. (P7) 用法讲解： 1.honest adj. 诚实的；单词以元音音素开头，搭配不定冠词an：an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩。 拓展：truth n. 事实；固定搭配tell the truth 说实话；true adj. 真实的；truly adv. 真诚地。 2.lie vi. 撒谎；固定搭配lie to sb 对某人撒谎；变形：lie（原形）—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）。 辨析：lie还可表示“躺”，变形为lie—lay—lain，词义不同变形不同。 知识点3：Max has a great sense of humour. He often tells jokes and makes us laugh. (P9 ) 用法讲解： 1.humour n. 幽默（英式拼写），美式为humor；形容词形式humorous 幽默的。 2.sense n. 感觉、理解力；高频固定搭配： 3.a sense of humour 幽默感；a sense of direction 方向感；a sense of safety 安全感。 4.joke n. 笑话（可数名词）；搭配：tell jokes 讲笑话；play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑。 5.make sb laugh：make后接不带to的不定式作宾补，结构make sb do sth 让某人做某事。 知识点4：They make him look a little bit funny. (P9) 用法讲解： a little bit = a bit = a little，三者均可修饰形容词/副词，表“有点儿”。 例句：I am a little bit tired after running. 用法区分： a little 可直接加不可数名词：a little water 一点水； a bit 修饰名词必须加of：a bit of bread 一点面包。 拓展：not a bit = not at all 一点也不；not a little = very 非常。 知识点5：Betty is ready to help anyone any time. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.ready adj. 乐意的；准备好的；两大核心搭配： ① be ready to do sth 随时乐意做某事； ② be ready for sth 为某事做好准备。 例句：She is ready to help me with my schoolwork. 2.helpful adj. 乐于助人的；词缀规律：-ful 表“充满……”，-less 表“无……”； 拓展：help v./n. 帮助；helpless adj. 无助的。 知识点6：She always gives up her seat on the bus to someone in need. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.give up 动副短语，含义：让出；放弃；代词作宾语时必须放中间：give it up。 固定搭配：give up doing sth 放弃做某事 例句：He gave up playing computer games last term. 2.someone in need 有需要的人；in need 介词短语，意为“处于困境、有需求”；同义短语in trouble 陷入麻烦。 知识点7：She knows how to cheer me up when I am feeling down. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.cheer v. 使开心；形容词形式cheerful 快乐的，高兴的。 cheer up 动副短语，宾语是人时放中间：cheer her up 让她振作起来。 2.feel down 固定表达，down此处为形容词，意为“情绪低落、沮丧的”。 例句：My best friend cheered me up when I felt down. 知识点8：Betty is also trustworthy. / she’s great at keeping secrets. (P8、P11) 用法讲解： 1.trustworthy adj. 值得信赖的；词根trust v./n. 信任；搭配trust sb 信任某人。 2.secret n. 秘密（可数名词）；固定搭配keep secrets = keep a secret 保密；tell sb a secret 告诉某人秘密。 secret 也可作形容词：secret information 机密信息。 知识点9：...he always encourages me to keep trying. (P9) 用法讲解： encourage vt. 鼓励；名词形式encouragement n. 鼓励。 固定搭配：encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事（不可说encourage sb doing）。 拓展短语：feel like doing sth 想要做某事 = want to do sth；give up on sth 放弃某事。 例句：My deskmate encourages me to speak English every day. 知识点10：Max is very energetic. He stays active and never seems to get tired. (P9) 用法讲解： 1.energy n. 精力、能量；形容词energetic 精力充沛的。 2.active adj. 积极的；搭配stay active 保持活跃。 3.seem to do sth 似乎、好像做某事；get tired 感到疲惫。 辨析：tired（修饰人，感到疲惫的）；tiring（修饰事物，令人疲惫的）。 知识点11：You will never feel bored with him around. (P9) 用法讲解： 1.辨析：bored & boring bored：修饰人，意为“感到无聊的”； boring：修饰事物，意为“令人无聊的”。 例句：The show is boring, so I feel bored. 2.around adv. 在身边、在周围；with sb around 有某人陪伴在身边。 知识点12：She listens to me carefully and understands me quite well. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.understand vt. 理解；不规则变形：understand—understood—understood。 2.carefully adv. 仔细地；构词法：careful（adj. 细心的）+ ly → 副词。 3.quite adv. 相当，修饰形容词、副词；quite well 相当好。 知识点13：What do you think makes good friends? (P7) 用法讲解： do you think 为插入语，放在疑问词后，后面句子必须使用陈述句语序。 例句：What do you think he will choose as his best friend? 同义询问观点句型：How do you like...? / What’s your opinion of...? 知识点14：I think good friends should be kind and caring. (P7) 用法讲解： care v. 关心；基础搭配care about sb 关心某人。 同根形容词区分： caring adj. 体贴他人的（形容人的性格）； careful adj. 细心的；careless adj. 粗心的。 caring属于-ing结尾形容词，专门用于描述人的内在特质。 知识点15：Her hair is longer than mine. (P8) 用法讲解： 1.than 形容词比较级标志性单词，表“比”，用于两者对比。 2.mine 名词性物主代词，此处= my hair，避免名词重复；比较必须是同类事物对比。 例句：Your eyes are bigger than mine. 3.long 规则变化比较级：long → longer，单音节形容词直接加-er。 知识点16：Write to Teenagers magazine about your best friend. (P7) 用法讲解： teenager n. 青少年（指13-19岁的年轻人）；复数teenagers。 拓展：teenage adj. 青少年的；teen adj. 十几岁的。 一、用单词适当形式填空 1.My best friend is very ________ (humour). He always tells funny jokes to make us happy. 2.When I feel upset, my deskmate is always ________ (cheer) to cheer me up. 3.He plays sports every day and never feels tired. He is so ________ (energy). 4.You won’t feel ________ (bore) if you stay with Max. He’s full of fun. 5.Amy is a ________ (help) girl. She often helps me with my schoolwork. 二、根据中文提示写单词 6.An ________ (诚实的) friend will never tell lies to you. 7.My cousin is slim and she always wears her hair in a long ________ (马尾辫). 8.I share all my worries with Kate, because she is ________ (值得信赖的). 9.My teacher often ________ (鼓励) us to face difficulties bravely. 10.A ________ (体贴的) friend will always notice your bad feelings. 三、单项选择 11.—What do you think ________ good friends? —I think they should be honest and caring. A. make B. makes C. to make D. making 12.Betty is ready ________ other people any time. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps 13.Max has a good sense of ________. We all enjoy staying with him. A. humour B. humorous C. cheer D. cheerful 14.When I feel like ________ up my lessons, my friend asks me to keep trying. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gives 15. She often gives her seat to people ________ need on the school bus. A. on B. for C. in D. at 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他__ ______________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $