Unit 3 Celebrations 被动语态（核心语法精练）英语北师大版必修第一册

**基本信息** 以“概念-构成-用法-形式-注意事项”为逻辑链，系统整合被动语态知识，通过高考真题与分层训练实现语言能力与思维品质的协同提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A考点概览|1模块|被动语态构成规则、时态变化表格|从语态概念切入，推导“be+过去分词”核心构成，延伸至8种时态形式| |B考点夯基|高考真题8题+单句填空30题+完成句子10题|主动表被动特殊动词（taste/wash等）、不用被动的情形（不及物动词等）|结合真题实例，强化“何时用被动”的语境判断能力| |C综合攻坚|语法填空2篇+阅读理解2篇|语法填空时态呼应法、阅读中被动结构语义转换|从单句应用过渡到语篇综合，提升语言运用的灵活性|

Unit 3 Celebrations 核心语法精练（被动语态） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、被动语态高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 16 一、基本知识 (一)概念 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 (二)构成 被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。 (三)用法 1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语) My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。 The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy.这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。 3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。 The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus.这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。 4．习惯用法的需要。 这类词常见的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。 He was born in China in 2017.他于2017年出生在中国。 二、形式 时态名称 被动语态形式 一般现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 一般过去时 was/were＋过去分词 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋过去分词 过去将来时 would＋be＋过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being＋过去分词 过去进行时 was/were＋being＋过去分词 现在完成时 have/has＋been＋过去分词 过去完成时 had＋been＋过去分词 The boy is often heard to play the piano.人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时) She was seen to enter the hall.有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时) A new house will be built by us next year.明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时) The problem is being discussed at the meeting.会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时) A meeting was being held when I was there.我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时) All these flowers have been watered.这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时) The building had been completed before I arrived.在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时) These books may be kept for two weeks.这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词) [名师点津]　被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get＋过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。 She got hurt on her way back home.她在回家的路上受伤了。 三、被动语态的注意事项 1．以主动形式表被动意义的动词 (1)表示状态特征的系动词，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。 The food tastes delicious.这食物味道鲜美。 The cotton feels soft.棉花摸上去很软。 (2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。 This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 The engine won't start.引擎发动不起来。 (3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。 The plan required discussing.这项计划需要讨论。 2．不用被动语态的几种情况 (1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappear，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break out，come true，fall asleep，lose heart，take place等。 The price has risen.价格升高了。 The accident happened last week.事故是上周发生的。 [名师点津]　要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。 (2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，marry，own，wish，cost，notice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to。 This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙适合这把锁。 一、高考真题 2026年高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 2.（2026年全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I ____60____ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 答案：am supposed 【60题详解】 考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 3.（2026年浙江1月）My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____42____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 近年高考真题 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 答案：are revealed。 解析：考查被动语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 2.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空） Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 3.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 4.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）What should ________（do）with such a beautiful place? 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 5.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 答案：be employed。 解析：考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 二、单句语法填空 1．And the efforts that (make) to maintain these relationships sometimes seem overwhelming. 【答案】are made 【详解】句意：并且，为维系这些关系所付出的努力有时似乎让人难以承受。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，结合下文seem可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语that指代efforts，为复数意义，且与make是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，助动词为are。 2．This healthy trend (regard) as a bridge for physical exercise and cultural experience by more citizens. 【答案】is regarded 【详解】句意：这种健康趋势被更多市民视作体育运动与文化体验之间的桥梁。主语This healthy trend与regard构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is regarded。 3．Presently, the dining hall (decorate) for the upcoming food culture festival. 【答案】is being decorated 【详解】句意：目前，食堂正在为即将到来的饮食文化节进行装修。Presently表明动作正在进行，dining hall与decorate是被动关系，即食堂被装修，所以用现在进行时的被动语态“be being done”，the dining hall是单数，be动词用is，decorate的过去分词是decorated。 4．My computer (repair) so I can’t use it to do my homework today. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】句意：我的电脑正在被修理，所以今天我不能用它做作业。根据“so I can’t use it today”可知，此处强调动作正在进行，需用现在进行时；又因computer与repair之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态：is being repaired。 5．My washing machine (repair) at present, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 【答案】is being repaired 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我的洗衣机目前正在修理，所以我不得不用手洗衣服。时间状语at present表示“目前、现在”，强调动作正在进行；主语My washing machine与repair之间是被动关系，需使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填is being repaired。 6．In southern Thailand, 1,900 people (hurt) and many more were missing, local officials said. 【答案】were hurt 【详解】句意：当地官员称，在泰国南部，有1900人受伤，还有更多人失踪。主语1,900 people和hurt是被动关系；后文were missing 为一般过去时，时态保持一致；people为复数，所以为were hurt的填入。 7．I was looking for my handbag, which (bury) under a pile of books . 【答案】was buried 【详解】句意：我当时正在找我的手提包，它（被）埋在一堆书下面。句子为定语从句的谓语动词，根据主句的was looking可知，所以定语从句中需要一般过去时态，which指代handbag与谓语动词bury之间为被动关系，即“手提包被埋”，所以定语从句用一般过去时态的被动语态，be动词用was。 8．The actor was unaware that his picture (take) by a reporter at that moment. 【答案】was being taken 【详解】句意：那位演员没有意识到他的照片当时正在被一名记者拍摄。根据“was unaware”（一般过去时）和“at that moment”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时；主语his picture与动词take之间为被动关系，即“照片被拍摄”，应用被动语态；过去进行时的被动语态基本形式：主语+was/were+being+过去分词，主语his picture为第三人称单数，be动词用was，take的过去分词为taken。 9．As long as we keep trying, we (give) more chances to achieve our dreams in the future. 【答案】will be given 【详解】句意：只要我们不断努力，未来就会被给予更多实现梦想的机会。we与give为被动关系，in the future提示用将来时，所以应填一般将来时的被动语态will be given。 10．The manager promised that the problem (deal) with as soon as possible. 【答案】would be dealt 【详解】句意：经理承诺这个问题将会尽快被处理。根据“promised”（承诺）可知，宾语从句表示从过去看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时；主语the problem与动词deal之间为被动关系，即“问题被处理”，应用被动语态；过去将来时的被动语态基本形式：主语+would+be+过去分词，deal的过去分词为dealt。 11．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far. 【答案】has been reached 【详解】句意：尽管经过了前几轮谈判，到目前为止还没有达成任何协议。时间标志词so far提示用现在完成时，agreement和reach是被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时态的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词为has been reached。 12．These traditional skills (pass) down from generation to generation over the past centuries. 【答案】have been passed 【详解】句意：这些传统技艺数百年来代代相传。由over the past centuries可知，时态用现在完成时，skills与pass为被动关系，主语skills是复数，因此空格处是have been passed。 13．So far, many high-tech museums (build) in our country to spread scientific knowledge. 【答案】have been built 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我国已建成许多高科技博物馆来普及科学知识。时间标志 So far（到目前为止），句子用现在完成时。主语 museums和build 是被动关系（博物馆被建造），用被动语态。现在完成时被动结构：have/has been + 过去分词；主语museums为复数，用have been built。 14．It never rains but it pours! First I lost the keys to my office and then I found that the car (steal). 【答案】had been stolen 【详解】句意：祸不单行！我先是弄丢了办公室钥匙，接着发现车被偷了。the car和动词steal是被动关系，因此需要用被动语态。且“被偷”发生在found之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时的被动语态。 15．In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home,and no wireless phones (invent) yet. 【答案】had been invented 【详解】句意：20世纪50年代的美国，大多数家庭家中只有一部电话，那时候无线电话还没有被发明出来。时间状语In the 1950s为过去时间，动词invent与主语no wireless phones是被动关系，且“没发明无线电话”这个情况发生在过去动作（大多数家庭只有一部电话）之前，也就是过去的过去，要用过去完成时的被动语态had been invented。 16．The expired food can (throw) away in the special waste bin. 【答案】be thrown 【详解】句意：过期食品可以扔在专用垃圾桶里。The expired food和throw away之间是被动关系，即食品被扔掉，句中有情态动词can，其被动结构为“can be +过去分词”，throw的过去分词是thrown。 17．Fresh local ingredients must (use) to make this traditional soup. 【答案】be used 【详解】句意：制作这款传统浓汤必须使用新鲜的本地食材。情态动词must后接动词原形，Fresh local ingredients和use为被动关系，所以此处用情态动词后的被动形式be used。 18．The department store ordered that all the unqualified cosmetics(化妆品) (withdraw) from counters immediately. 【答案】(should) be withdrawn 【详解】句意：这家百货商店下令所有不合格的化妆品必须立即从柜台撤下。order表示“命令”时，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。withdraw与cosmetics是被动关系，即化妆品被撤下，所以要用被动语态“(should) be withdrawn”。 19．Learning that you (admit) into a key university, I’m writing to congratulate you. 【答案】have been admitted 【详解】句意：得知你已经被一所重点大学录取，我写信向你表示祝贺。admit（录取）是从句谓语动词，主语you与admit之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；“录取”这件事发生在“写信”之前且对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，主语为you，助动词用have。 20．The man who had taken charge of the company (charge) with taking drugs. 【答案】was charged 【详解】句意：这家公司的负责人被指控吸毒。charge“指控”和主语The man是被动关系，且句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。 21．A rescue worker risked his life to save the tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. 【答案】had been trapped 【详解】句意：救援人员冒着生命危险，救出了被困在山区两天的游客。tourists与trap是动宾关系，被困这个动作发生在主句谓语risked之前，且持续了两天，此空应用过去完成时的被动语态had been trapped，作从句谓语。 22．More than 100 famous films (show) in the city by now. 【答案】have been shown 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这座城市已经上映了100多部著名影片。 空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语by now可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语More than 100 famous films​与谓语动词show​之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。 23．Large quantities of money (spend) on the project so far. 【答案】have been spent 【详解】句意：到目前为止，该项目已经花费了大量资金。由so far和钱是被花可知，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，money被Large quantities of限定，谓语动词用复数，因此空格处是have been spent。 24．Two thirds of the students (award) scholarships for their outstanding academic performance until now. 【答案】have been awarded 【详解】句意：到目前为止，三分之二的学生因其出色的学业表现而被授予了奖学金。根据时间状语until now可知，用现在完成时。主语Two thirds of the students与award为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为Two thirds of the students，谓语用现在完成时的被动语态have been awarded。 25．Yesterday, many an envelope (tear) open by someone unknown, and the letters inside were scattered everywhere. 【答案】was torn 【详解】句意：昨天不少信封都被不明人士拆开，里面的信件散落得到处都是。根据时间状语Yesterday可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语many an envelope和tear为被动关系，需用被动语态，many an + 单数名词作主语时，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。 26．When I left the U.S. for Beijing in late 2008, my wallet (pack) with cash and credit cards. 【答案】was packed 【详解】句意：2008 年末我离开美国前往北京时，我的钱包里装满了现金和信用卡。空处为主句谓语动词，wallet和pack为被动关系，且句子陈述2008年的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用was。 27．There are several main reasons why old buildings should be torn down and (replace) by new ones. 【答案】replaced 【详解】句意：有几个主要原因说明旧建筑应该被拆除，并由新建筑取而代之。should be torn down是情态动词should+be+过去分词结构，and连接过去分词torn down和所填词，要将动词replace变成过去分词replaced。 28．So far, the new technology (test) in several national nature reserves in China. 【答案】has been tested 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这项新技术已经在中国的几个国家级自然保护区进行了测试。test(测试)是谓语动词，与主语the new technology之间是动宾关系，根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子要用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语用单数形式has been tested。 29．The database shows that 200 copies of the book (sell) so far, and the number is updated every hour. 【答案】have been sold 【详解】句意：数据库显示，到目前为止这本书已售出200本，并且数量每小时更新一次。此空为谓语动词，so far是现在完成时标志；主语200 copies of the book和sell是被动关系，且主语为复数，故用现在完成时的被动语态have been sold。 30．It is reported that the project conducted by his research team (complete) next month. 【答案】will be completed 【详解】句意：据报道，他的研究团队开展的这项项目将于下月完工。此处为谓语动词，主语project与complete为被动关系，结合时间状语“next month”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为will be completed。 三、完成句子 31．看！那座旧桥正在被拆除。 Look! The old bridge ________ ________ ________ down. 【答案】 is being pulled 【详解】根据“正在被拆除”可知，主语the old bridge和动词短语pull down(拆除)为被动关系，且此处表示现在正在被拆除，应用现在进行时的被动语态am/is/are being done，主语是单数，be动词应用is。 32．这些书已经被送到了图书馆。 These books ________ ________ ________ to the library. 【答案】 have been sent 【详解】表示“送”用动词send，与主语These books之间为被动关系，且根据“已经被送到”可知，强调已经完成的动作，应用现在完成时的被动语态，These books为复数，助动词用have，send的过去分词为sent，谓语用have been sent。 33．应该鼓励学生们多独立思考。 Students should ________ ________ to think independently more often. 【答案】 be encouraged/inspired/motivated 【详解】表示“鼓励”用encourage/inspire/motivate，与主语Students构成被动关系，本空用be encouraged/inspired/motivate，与情态动词should构成含情态动词的被动语态。 34．直到我被选为班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。 ________________ I realized the importance of teamwork. 【答案】It was not until I was elected monitor that 【详解】根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为It was not until…that…的强调句，整件事发生在过去，be动词用was；“被选为班长”为被动语态was elected monitor。 35．The old house ________________ by the workers this week. 这栋老房子这周正在被工人们粉刷。 【答案】is being painted 【详解】根据句意以及时间状语this week可知，此处表示“正在被粉刷”使用现在进行时态的被动语态，结构是am/is/being+过去分词，主语the old house为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，“粉刷”为paint，其过去分词为painted。 36．The book which ________________ a bestseller is not so popular among teenagers. 这本受到高度赞扬并被认为是畅销书的书在青少年中并不那么受欢迎。 【答案】is sung high praise for and regarded as 【详解】根据句意，此处表达“受到高度赞扬并被认为是”，表示“高度赞扬”为固定搭配sing high praise for，与主语which指代的先行词the book之间为被动关系，结合主句的谓语动词is可知，此处使用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以定语从句的谓语动词为is sung high praise for，表示“被认为是”为be regarded as，与is sung high praise for为并列谓语，所以使用and连接，共用助动词is。 37．A new song _________ by the singer in the studio right now. 一首新歌此刻正在录音棚里被歌手录制。 【答案】is being recorded 【详解】‌“录制”作谓语，用动词record，与主语A new song之间是被动关系；结合时间状语right now可知，动作正在进行，需用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语是单数名词，谓语应用单数形式is being recorded。 38．鲁迅被公认为中国近现代史上最伟大的作家和思想家之一。 Lu Xun ________ one of the greatest writers and thinkers in modern Chinese history. 【答案】is distinguished as 【详解】be distinguished as 有 “被认为是，被当作” 之意，符合语境，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为单数，be动词用is。 39．泰山被誉为“五岳”之首。 Mount Tai ________________ the “Head of the Five Great Mountains”. 【答案】is regarded as 【详解】表示“被誉为”可用短语be regarded as，主语Mount Tai为单数名词，陈述客观事实要用一般现在时，be动词选用 is，因此整体填写is regarded as。 40．到目前为止，我们城市许多老房子已被修缮。 Many old houses ________ ________ ________ in our city so far. 【答案】 have been repaired/restored 【详解】设空处为谓语，主语houses与修缮为被动关系，结合标志词so far可知用现在完成时的被动语态have been done，结合句意 “修缮”可用repair或restore，主语复数，助动词用have。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·江西抚州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mogao Grottoes (窟) The Mogao Grottoes are a magical place in Dunhuang City, Gansu province, China. They are in the middle of a pretty desert and are full 65 ancient grottoes called “treasure house of Eastern Art”. A very long time ago, around 1,600 years back, a monk 66 (name) Lezun dug a first grotto to pray and find peace. After that, many people added beautiful paintings and statues 67 (show) what life and beliefs were like back then. There are 767 grottoes at Mogao, and they all have colorful paintings on the walls and ceilings. These paintings share 68 (story) about Buddha and life in ancient times. Every grotto has 69 (it) own style and story, 70 (make) each one feel like a different little world. The Mogao Grottoes are designed in a special way. Some grottoes have a big room with a large Buddha statue in the middle and many 71 (small) statues around it. The statues look very real and show how good the old artists were. The art in Mogao Grottoes 72 (be) so important that many artists and visitors come to see and learn from it. In 1990, UNESCO named the Mogao Grottoes a World Heritage Site, 73 means they are very important and special. Every year, lots of children and their families visit the Mogao Grottoes. It’s 74 perfect place to learn about ancient Chinese culture and art, and it helps us understand why it’s important to protect old treasures. 【答案】 1．of 2．named 3．to show 4．stories 5．its 6．making 7．smaller 8．is 9．which 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国甘肃敦煌莫高窟的历史、艺术特色及其作为世界文化遗产的重要地位。 1．考查介词。句意：它们位于一片美丽的沙漠之中，遍布着被称为“东方艺术宝库”的古老石窟。be full of是固定搭配，表示“充满”。故填of。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：很久很久以前，大约1600年前，一位名叫乐尊的僧人开凿了第一个石窟来祈祷并寻求安宁。本句已有谓语动词dug，空处需用非谓语形式，且name与逻辑主语a monk之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填named。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在那之后，许多人添加了精美的绘画和雕像来展示当时的生活和信仰是什么样的。本句已有谓语动词added，空处需用非谓语形式，此处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to show。 4．考查名词。句意：这些绘画分享了关于佛陀和古代生活的故事。story是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填stories。 5．考查代词。句意：每个石窟都有自己的风格和故事，让每一个都感觉像一个不同的小世界。此处修饰名词style and story，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：每个石窟都有自己的风格和故事，让每一个都感觉像一个不同的小世界。本句已有谓语动词has，空处需用非谓语形式，此处作结果状语，用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填making。 7．考查形容词。句意：一些石窟有一个大房间，中间有一尊巨大的佛像，周围有许多较小的雕像。根据句意，此处表示“较小的”，与前面的large形成对比，故用比较级。故填smaller。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：莫高窟的艺术非常重要，以至于许多艺术家和游客前来参观和学习。主语The art是不可数名词，且描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时的单数形式。故填is。 9．考查定语从句。句意：1990年，联合国教科文组织将莫高窟列为世界文化遗产，这意味着它们非常重要和特别。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 10．考查冠词。句意：这是一个了解中国古代文化和艺术的绝佳去处，也帮助我们明白保护古老珍宝的重要性。place是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且perfect以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Tijuca National Park in Rio de Janeiro, there stands a “Chinese Pavilion”(亭) which 1 (construct) to honor 19th-century Chinese immigrants. They were the first 2 (introduce) tea culture to Brazil on a large scale. Between 1812 and 1888, over 1,000 Chinese farmers moved to Brazil. They introduced some advanced tea-processing techniques, which laid the foundation for Brazil’s short-lived but 3 (influence) tea trade. The pavilion is a mix of Chinese architecture and Brazilian materials, combining styled eaves (屋檐) and pointing roofs with local supplies. Located in the world’s 4 (large) urban rainforest, it offers a view of Rio’s famous landmarks, which is 5 (simple) incredible. In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants planted tea trees in the area 6 the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden now stands, 7 witness to the China-Brazil friendship. Today, the pavilion is a popular spot 8 (attract) many visitors. 9 the tea trade didn’t last long, it built a bridge between the two nations. The cultural exchange started by tea 10 (bring) them closer over the years. In 2024, the site was listed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, appealing to visitors interested in eco-cultural tourism. 【答案】 1．was constructed 2．to introduce 3．influential 4．largest 5．simply 6．where 7．a 8．attracting 9．Although/Though 10．has brought 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了位于里约热内卢蒂茹卡国家公园的“中国亭”，它是为纪念19世纪中国移民而建，这些移民将茶文化大规模引入巴西，奠定了巴西茶叶贸易的基础。 1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在里约热内卢的蒂茹卡国家公园，有一座 “中国亭”，它是为纪念19世纪的中国移民而建造的。which引导定语从句，指代先行词“Chinese Pavilion”，与construct之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是单数，所以用was constructed。故填was constructed。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是第一批大规模将茶文化引入巴西的人。the first to do sth.为固定用法，意为“第一个做某事的……”，用动词不定式作后置定语，所以填to introduce。故填to introduce。 3．考查形容词。句意：他们引进了一些先进的茶叶加工技术，为巴西短暂但有影响力的茶叶贸易奠定了基础。此处修饰名词tea trade，应用形容词形式，influence的形容词为influential，意为“有影响力的”。故填influential。 4．考查形容词最高级。句意：它坐落在世界最大的城市雨林中，可以看到里约著名的地标，简直令人难以置信。根据语境及空前的the world’s可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式，large的最高级为largest，意为“最大的”。故填largest。 5．考查副词。句意：它坐落在世界最大的城市雨林中，可以看到里约著名的地标，简直令人难以置信。此处修饰形容词incredible，应用副词形式，simple的副词为simply，意为“简直”。故填simply。 6．考查定语从句。句意：1812年，第一批中国移民在现在里约热内卢植物园所在的地区种植茶树，这是中巴友谊的见证。此处为定语从句，先行词是the area，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 7．考查冠词。句意：172年，第一批中国移民在现在里约热内卢植物园所在的地区种植茶树，这是中巴友谊的见证。此处表示泛指“一个见证”，witness是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，这座亭子是一个热门景点，吸引了许多游客。句中已有谓语动词is，此处应用非谓语动词，the pavilion与attract之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词attracting作状语，表示伴随。故填attracting。 9．考查连词。句意：尽管茶叶贸易没有持续很长时间，但它在两国之间架起了一座桥梁。根据语境可知，前后句之间是转折关系，此处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，所以用Although或Though。句首首字母大写。故填Although / Though。 10．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，由茶叶开启的文化交流让两国关系更加紧密。根据时间状语over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语The cultural exchange是单数。故填has brought。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一下·广西玉林·期中）Moving to the United Kingdom is rarely what the movies show. Red telephone boxes and gentlemen in long coats sound romantic — until you go through the reality. After spending over a year here, I’ve found that living in Britain is a slow but deeply inspiring experience. The first thing that confirms itself to you is the weather. A continuous light rain keeps you company for weeks. The sky never quite clears, and darkness falls by mid-afternoon in winter. Residents don’t bother with umbrellas; they wear waterproof jackets and simply carry on. Then there’s the famous British politeness. People say “sorry” if you bump into them and thank the bus driver. But this warmth is a performance of good manners, not an invitation to friendship. You can chat with a neighbour for twenty minutes and still never learn their name. The British protect their privacy like a fortress, and crossing that boundary feels rude. The systems here work — slowly, but they work. The NHS (英国国家医疗服务体系) provides convenient access to healthcare, though getting an appointment can take weeks. Bank accounts, tax numbers, and housing permits all require patience. As one friend put it, “Everything in Britain requires a queue — even getting sick.” But over time, you start appreciating its quiet rhythms. You learn to enjoy walks by yourself along the landscape, to find comfort in a proper cup of tea, and to value small moments of genuine warmth. Living in the UK won’t hand you a fairytale. But it will teach you patience and strength. And perhaps that’s the real benefit of life abroad — not discovering a perfect place, but building a stronger version of yourself within an imperfect one. 1．What do British residents typically do in the rain? A．They always carry an umbrella. B．They stay indoors all day long. C．They wear waterproof clothing. D．They complain about the weather. 2．What can be inferred about British politeness? A．Neighbours are invited home often. B．Close friendships form very quickly. C．Politeness shows deep friendship. D．People keep a private distance. 3．The author mentions the British National Health Service (NHS) mainly to ______. A．Praise its excellent medical services B．Criticize its slow appointment system C．Suggest using private healthcare instead D．Prove that systems work despite delays 4．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward living in the UK? A．Disappointed and regretful. B．Angry and critical C．Positive and appreciative. D．Indifferent and unconcerned. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者移居英国一年多来的真实体验，从天气、礼貌、社会系统等方面展现了英国生活的特点，并表达了在适应过程中获得的成长与感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Residents don’t bother with umbrellas; they wear waterproof jackets and simply carry on.(当地居民不打伞，他们穿着防水外套，照常生活。)”可知，英国人下雨时通常穿防水衣物。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“But this warmth is a performance of good manners, not an invitation to friendship. You can chat with a neighbour for twenty minutes and still never learn their name. The British protect their privacy like a fortress, and crossing that boundary feels rude.(但这种热情只是礼貌表现，并非友好邀约。你可以和邻居聊上二十分钟，却可能始终不知道对方姓名。英国人把隐私守护得像堡垒，逾越这条界限会被视为无礼。)”可知，英国人的礼貌背后始终保持着私人距离感。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“The systems here work — slowly, but they work. The NHS (英国国家医疗服务体系) provides convenient access to healthcare, though getting an appointment can take weeks.(这里的各类体系运转缓慢但切实有效。英国国家医疗服务体系就医便利，只是预约可能要等数周。)”可知，作者举NHS的例子是为了证明：办事虽有拖延，但整套体系仍能正常运作。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it will teach you patience and strength. And perhaps that’s the real benefit of life abroad — not discovering a perfect place, but building a stronger version of yourself within an imperfect one.(但它会教会你耐心与坚强。或许旅居海外的真正意义，不是寻找完美之地，而是在不完美的环境中成就更好的自己。)”可知，作者对在英国生活持积极认可、心怀欣赏的态度。 （25-26高一上·宁夏·期末）Against the backdrop of sweeping economic globalization, interactions and exchanges among ethnic (民族的) groups, races, and nationalities have become increasingly frequent; countries have taken the way of “shared learning” with regards to cultural exchange. Spring Festival is the most celebrated festival in China, and now is expanding its presence across the world. As Chinese youths celebrate Christmas, Westerners also acknowledge Spring Festival. It indicates the trends of shared learning and harmonious coexistence between civilisations. Spring Festival marks the first day on the Chinese lunar calendar. On that day and over the following two weeks, people greet each other saying “good luck in whatever you do” or “happiness for all your family”. Streets and houses are decorated by Chinese knots (结) and other articles of red colour. In many foreign countries, traditional Chinese activities are performed as fixed programme, namely the dragon dance and the Peking Opera, adding diversity to local cultures. Why is a time-honoured festival so vibrant and even celebrated in other countries? The answer lies in the rich, positive connotation (内涵) of Spring Festival. Spring Festival reflects spirit of amity (和睦). More than 2,000 years ago, Confucius said all people in the world are sisters and brothers. The spirit of amity has shaped Chinese people’s concept of and expectation for intrafamily and inter-state relations as well as state governance. Spring Festival is a time for expressing gratefulness. During Spring Festival people are reminded of the sense of gratefulness by honouring their ancestors and parents in traditional ways. Spring Festival is also a salute to another Chinese virtue, diligence (勤奋). Chinese people believe that only with their own hands can people create a happy and beautiful life. Spring Festival also calls for sharing, a value long respected by Chinese. Mencius told his pupils what a man of virtue is like, “In desperate straits they would develop their own goodness. Successfully, they would share their goodness with the whole world.” Nowadays the culture, calling for friendship, gratefulness, diligence and sharing, is contributing to the world civilisation for a happy, harmonious, and beautiful future for humankind. 1．What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about? A．Economic globalisation. B．Intercultural learning. C．Festival celebrations. D．The widespread Spring Festival. 2．Which of the following can best represent good luck and happiness in China? A．Red knots. B．The Peking Opera. C．Dragon dance. D．Honouring the ancestors. 3．What does the underlined word “vibrant” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Busy and noisy. B．Old and fading. C．Bright and strong. D．Exciting and attractive. 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A science report. C．A magazine. D．A guide book. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍春节在全球影响力不断扩大的现象，阐述春节所蕴含的和睦、感恩、勤奋、分享的文化内涵，说明春节文化对世界文明的积极贡献。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Against the backdrop of sweeping economic globalization, interactions and exchanges among ethnic groups, races, and nationalities have become increasingly frequent; countries have taken the way of ‘shared learning’ with regards to cultural exchange.(在经济全球化席卷的背景下，各民族、种族、国家之间的互动交流日益频繁，各国在文化交流上走上了‘互学互鉴’的道路。)”以及第二段“It indicates the trends of shared learning and harmonious coexistence between civilisations.(这体现了不同文明之间互学互鉴、和谐共生的趋势。)”可知，前两段主要讲述文化间的互学互鉴。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Streets and houses are decorated by Chinese knots and other articles of red colour.(街道和房屋都用中国结和其他红色物品装饰。)”可知，在中国，红色的中国结代表着好运和幸福。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Why is a time-honoured festival so vibrant and even celebrated in other countries?(为什么一个历史悠久的节日如此vibrant，甚至在其他国家也被庆祝？)”以及后文对春节文化内涵的介绍可知，vibrant 在这里表示“有吸引力的、充满活力的”，与 exciting and attractive 意思相近。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕春节的文化内涵与世界影响展开介绍，语言正式、内容通俗且面向大众，符合杂志文章的特点。故选C。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Celebrations 核心语法精练（被动语态） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、被动语态高考真题 2 二、单句语法填空 3 三、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 16 一、基本知识 (一)概念 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 (二)构成 被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。 (三)用法 1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语) My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。 The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy.这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。 3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。 The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus.这计划得到希望住在校内的人的支持。 4．习惯用法的需要。 这类词常见的有born，determine，devote，seat，dress，situate等。 He was born in China in 2017.他于2017年出生在中国。 二、形式 时态名称 被动语态形式 一般现在时 am/is/are＋过去分词 一般过去时 was/were＋过去分词 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋过去分词 过去将来时 would＋be＋过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being＋过去分词 过去进行时 was/were＋being＋过去分词 现在完成时 have/has＋been＋过去分词 过去完成时 had＋been＋过去分词 The boy is often heard to play the piano.人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。(一般现在时) She was seen to enter the hall.有人看见她进了大厅。(一般过去时) A new house will be built by us next year.明年我们要建一栋新房子。(一般将来时) The problem is being discussed at the meeting.会议上正在讨论这个问题。(现在进行时) A meeting was being held when I was there.我到那儿时，正在开会。(过去进行时) All these flowers have been watered.这些花都浇过了。(现在完成时) The building had been completed before I arrived.在我去之前那座建筑就已竣工了。(过去完成时) These books may be kept for two weeks.这些书可以借两周。(含情态动词) [名师点津]　被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get＋过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。 She got hurt on her way back home.她在回家的路上受伤了。 三、被动语态的注意事项 1．以主动形式表被动意义的动词 (1)表示状态特征的系动词，如look，sound，feel，smell，taste，prove不用于被动语态，其后接形容词或名词构成系表结构，表示被动含义。 The food tastes delicious.这食物味道鲜美。 The cotton feels soft.棉花摸上去很软。 (2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如open，shut，lock，sell，write，wash习惯上以主动形式表示被动含义。这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。 This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。 The engine won't start.引擎发动不起来。 (3)need，want，require作谓语，其主语为物时，动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。 The plan required discussing.这项计划需要讨论。 2．不用被动语态的几种情况 (1)不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态，常见的有：appear，die，disappear，rise，end，fail，happen，last，lie，remain，sit，spread，stand，break out，come true，fall asleep，lose heart，take place等。 The price has risen.价格升高了。 The accident happened last week.事故是上周发生的。 [名师点津]　要想正确地使用被动语态，就需注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。 (2)有些及物动词和及物动词短语不能用于被动语态，常见的有：fit，have，marry，own，wish，cost，notice，watch，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to。 This key just fits the lock.这把钥匙适合这把锁。 一、高考真题 2026年高考真题 1.（2026年全国一卷）Daji, or big open-air fairs, typically take place on specific dates of the lunar calendar, for example, on dates with five or seven as the last digit. It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. 2.（2026年全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I ____60____ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 3.（2026年浙江1月）My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember ____42____ (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. 近年高考真题 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 2.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空） Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 3.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 4.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）What should ________（do）with such a beautiful place? 5.（2023全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 二、单句语法填空 1．And the efforts that (make) to maintain these relationships sometimes seem overwhelming. 2．This healthy trend (regard) as a bridge for physical exercise and cultural experience by more citizens. 3．Presently, the dining hall (decorate) for the upcoming food culture festival. 4．My computer (repair) so I can’t use it to do my homework today. 5．My washing machine (repair) at present, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. 6．In southern Thailand, 1,900 people (hurt) and many more were missing, local officials said. 7．I was looking for my handbag, which (bury) under a pile of books . 8．The actor was unaware that his picture (take) by a reporter at that moment. 9．As long as we keep trying, we (give) more chances to achieve our dreams in the future. 10．The manager promised that the problem (deal) with as soon as possible. 11．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (reach) so far. 12．These traditional skills (pass) down from generation to generation over the past centuries. 13．So far, many high-tech museums (build) in our country to spread scientific knowledge. 14．It never rains but it pours! First I lost the keys to my office and then I found that the car (steal). 15．In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home,and no wireless phones (invent) yet. 16．The expired food can (throw) away in the special waste bin. 17．Fresh local ingredients must (use) to make this traditional soup. 18．The department store ordered that all the unqualified cosmetics(化妆品) (withdraw) from counters immediately. 19．Learning that you (admit) into a key university, I’m writing to congratulate you. 20．The man who had taken charge of the company (charge) with taking drugs. 21．A rescue worker risked his life to save the tourists who (trap) in the mountains for two days. 22．More than 100 famous films (show) in the city by now. 23．Large quantities of money (spend) on the project so far. 24．Two thirds of the students (award) scholarships for their outstanding academic performance until now. 25．Yesterday, many an envelope (tear) open by someone unknown, and the letters inside were scattered everywhere. 26．When I left the U.S. for Beijing in late 2008, my wallet (pack) with cash and credit cards. 27．There are several main reasons why old buildings should be torn down and (replace) by new ones. 28．So far, the new technology (test) in several national nature reserves in China. 29．The database shows that 200 copies of the book (sell) so far, and the number is updated every hour. 30．It is reported that the project conducted by his research team (complete) next month. 三、完成句子 31．看！那座旧桥正在被拆除。 Look! The old bridge ________ ________ ________ down. 32．这些书已经被送到了图书馆。 These books ________ ________ ________ to the library. 33．应该鼓励学生们多独立思考。 Students should ________ ________ to think independently more often. 34．直到我被选为班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。 ________________ I realized the importance of teamwork. 35．The old house ________________ by the workers this week. 这栋老房子这周正在被工人们粉刷。 36．The book which ________________ a bestseller is not so popular among teenagers. 这本受到高度赞扬并被认为是畅销书的书在青少年中并不那么受欢迎。 37．A new song _________ by the singer in the studio right now. 一首新歌此刻正在录音棚里被歌手录制。 38．鲁迅被公认为中国近现代史上最伟大的作家和思想家之一。 Lu Xun ________ one of the greatest writers and thinkers in modern Chinese history. 39．泰山被誉为“五岳”之首。 Mount Tai ________________ the “Head of the Five Great Mountains”. 40．到目前为止，我们城市许多老房子已被修缮。 Many old houses ________ ________ ________ in our city so far. 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高一上·江西抚州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mogao Grottoes (窟) The Mogao Grottoes are a magical place in Dunhuang City, Gansu province, China. They are in the middle of a pretty desert and are full 65 ancient grottoes called “treasure house of Eastern Art”. A very long time ago, around 1,600 years back, a monk 66 (name) Lezun dug a first grotto to pray and find peace. After that, many people added beautiful paintings and statues 67 (show) what life and beliefs were like back then. There are 767 grottoes at Mogao, and they all have colorful paintings on the walls and ceilings. These paintings share 68 (story) about Buddha and life in ancient times. Every grotto has 69 (it) own style and story, 70 (make) each one feel like a different little world. The Mogao Grottoes are designed in a special way. Some grottoes have a big room with a large Buddha statue in the middle and many 71 (small) statues around it. The statues look very real and show how good the old artists were. The art in Mogao Grottoes 72 (be) so important that many artists and visitors come to see and learn from it. In 1990, UNESCO named the Mogao Grottoes a World Heritage Site, 73 means they are very important and special. Every year, lots of children and their families visit the Mogao Grottoes. It’s 74 perfect place to learn about ancient Chinese culture and art, and it helps us understand why it’s important to protect old treasures. （25-26高一上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Tijuca National Park in Rio de Janeiro, there stands a “Chinese Pavilion”(亭) which 1 (construct) to honor 19th-century Chinese immigrants. They were the first 2 (introduce) tea culture to Brazil on a large scale. Between 1812 and 1888, over 1,000 Chinese farmers moved to Brazil. They introduced some advanced tea-processing techniques, which laid the foundation for Brazil’s short-lived but 3 (influence) tea trade. The pavilion is a mix of Chinese architecture and Brazilian materials, combining styled eaves (屋檐) and pointing roofs with local supplies. Located in the world’s 4 (large) urban rainforest, it offers a view of Rio’s famous landmarks, which is 5 (simple) incredible. In 1812, the first Chinese immigrants planted tea trees in the area 6 the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden now stands, 7 witness to the China-Brazil friendship. Today, the pavilion is a popular spot 8 (attract) many visitors. 9 the tea trade didn’t last long, it built a bridge between the two nations. The cultural exchange started by tea 10 (bring) them closer over the years. In 2024, the site was listed on UNESCO’s World Heritage List, appealing to visitors interested in eco-cultural tourism. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一下·广西玉林·期中）Moving to the United Kingdom is rarely what the movies show. Red telephone boxes and gentlemen in long coats sound romantic — until you go through the reality. After spending over a year here, I’ve found that living in Britain is a slow but deeply inspiring experience. The first thing that confirms itself to you is the weather. A continuous light rain keeps you company for weeks. The sky never quite clears, and darkness falls by mid-afternoon in winter. Residents don’t bother with umbrellas; they wear waterproof jackets and simply carry on. Then there’s the famous British politeness. People say “sorry” if you bump into them and thank the bus driver. But this warmth is a performance of good manners, not an invitation to friendship. You can chat with a neighbour for twenty minutes and still never learn their name. The British protect their privacy like a fortress, and crossing that boundary feels rude. The systems here work — slowly, but they work. The NHS (英国国家医疗服务体系) provides convenient access to healthcare, though getting an appointment can take weeks. Bank accounts, tax numbers, and housing permits all require patience. As one friend put it, “Everything in Britain requires a queue — even getting sick.” But over time, you start appreciating its quiet rhythms. You learn to enjoy walks by yourself along the landscape, to find comfort in a proper cup of tea, and to value small moments of genuine warmth. Living in the UK won’t hand you a fairytale. But it will teach you patience and strength. And perhaps that’s the real benefit of life abroad — not discovering a perfect place, but building a stronger version of yourself within an imperfect one. 1．What do British residents typically do in the rain? A．They always carry an umbrella. B．They stay indoors all day long. C．They wear waterproof clothing. D．They complain about the weather. 2．What can be inferred about British politeness? A．Neighbours are invited home often. B．Close friendships form very quickly. C．Politeness shows deep friendship. D．People keep a private distance. 3．The author mentions the British National Health Service (NHS) mainly to ______. A．Praise its excellent medical services B．Criticize its slow appointment system C．Suggest using private healthcare instead D．Prove that systems work despite delays 4．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward living in the UK? A．Disappointed and regretful. B．Angry and critical C．Positive and appreciative. D．Indifferent and unconcerned. （25-26高一上·宁夏·期末）Against the backdrop of sweeping economic globalization, interactions and exchanges among ethnic (民族的) groups, races, and nationalities have become increasingly frequent; countries have taken the way of “shared learning” with regards to cultural exchange. Spring Festival is the most celebrated festival in China, and now is expanding its presence across the world. As Chinese youths celebrate Christmas, Westerners also acknowledge Spring Festival. It indicates the trends of shared learning and harmonious coexistence between civilisations. Spring Festival marks the first day on the Chinese lunar calendar. On that day and over the following two weeks, people greet each other saying “good luck in whatever you do” or “happiness for all your family”. Streets and houses are decorated by Chinese knots (结) and other articles of red colour. In many foreign countries, traditional Chinese activities are performed as fixed programme, namely the dragon dance and the Peking Opera, adding diversity to local cultures. Why is a time-honoured festival so vibrant and even celebrated in other countries? The answer lies in the rich, positive connotation (内涵) of Spring Festival. Spring Festival reflects spirit of amity (和睦). More than 2,000 years ago, Confucius said all people in the world are sisters and brothers. The spirit of amity has shaped Chinese people’s concept of and expectation for intrafamily and inter-state relations as well as state governance. Spring Festival is a time for expressing gratefulness. During Spring Festival people are reminded of the sense of gratefulness by honouring their ancestors and parents in traditional ways. Spring Festival is also a salute to another Chinese virtue, diligence (勤奋). Chinese people believe that only with their own hands can people create a happy and beautiful life. Spring Festival also calls for sharing, a value long respected by Chinese. Mencius told his pupils what a man of virtue is like, “In desperate straits they would develop their own goodness. Successfully, they would share their goodness with the whole world.” Nowadays the culture, calling for friendship, gratefulness, diligence and sharing, is contributing to the world civilisation for a happy, harmonious, and beautiful future for humankind. 1．What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about? A．Economic globalisation. B．Intercultural learning. C．Festival celebrations. D．The widespread Spring Festival. 2．Which of the following can best represent good luck and happiness in China? A．Red knots. B．The Peking Opera. C．Dragon dance. D．Honouring the ancestors. 3．What does the underlined word “vibrant” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Busy and noisy. B．Old and fading. C．Bright and strong. D．Exciting and attractive. 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A science report. C．A magazine. D．A guide book. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $