Unit 6 When disaster strikes-Understanding ideas-Reading课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 6 "When disaster strikes"阅读模块，核心围绕过去进行时、when引导的时间状语从句及灾害主题词汇短语展开。通过“课文原句解析-语法点/词汇讲解-例句填空”的学习支架，从语言输入到应用逐步过渡，构建完整知识脉络。 该资料以真实灾害场景为语境，通过例句填空和高频短语互译提升语言能力，多样综合练习（单选、完成句子等）培养思维品质，答案解析助力学生自主学习。课中辅助教师互动教学，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，有效落实核心素养培养。

Unit 6 When disaster strikes Understanding ideas-Reading 【课文要点】 1. My mother and I were staying in a town near Pompeii. 我和母亲当时正住在庞贝附近的一个小镇。 - were staying 过去进行时（表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作） - Pompeii 庞贝（意大利古城） - e.g. I ____________ reading at 8 o'clock last night. 2. The earth shook those days. 那些天大地在震动。 - earth n. 地球；土地 - shake v. 震动，摇晃（过去式 shook） - e.g. The ground ____________ during the earthquake. 3. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. 那天晚上，我正在睡觉，突然地面剧烈震动。 - was sleeping 过去进行时 - when conj. 当……时（引导时间状语从句，表示一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行） - e.g. I was watching TV ____________ the phone rang. 4. My mother rushed into my room to wake me up. 母亲冲进我的房间叫醒我。 - rush into 冲进 - wake sb up 叫醒某人 - e.g. She ____________ into the room to tell me the news. 5. We had to stay outside for the night. 我们不得不整晚待在外面。 - had to 不得不（过去式） - for the night 整晚 - e.g. We ____________ stay at home because of the storm. 6. My mother was so scared. She didn't close her eyes for even one second. 母亲非常害怕。她一刻都没有合眼。 - scared adj. 害怕的（= afraid） - close one's eyes 闭上眼睛 - for even one second 甚至一秒钟 - e.g. The little girl was ____________ of the dark. 7. By six o'clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. 到第二天早上六点时，许多建筑物仍在摇晃。 - by + 时间 到……时（通常与完成时或进行时连用） - still adv. 仍然 - e.g. ____________ six o'clock, we had finished the work. 8. We decided to leave the town. 我们决定离开这个镇子。 - decide to do 决定做某事 - leave v. 离开（过去式 left） - e.g. She ____________ to stay at home. 9. The road was crowded. We were at a place out of town. 道路很拥挤。我们在城外的一个地方。 - crowded adj. 拥挤的 - out of town 在城外 - e.g. The bus is very ____________. 10. Our coach couldn't go straight ahead. It began to move from side to side. 我们的马车无法直行。它开始左右摇晃。 - coach n. 马车；长途汽车 - go straight ahead 直行 - from side to side 左右地 - e.g. The car moved ____________ side to side on the icy road. 11. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. 海水突然退去，许多海洋动物被留在沙滩上。 - suddenly adv. 突然地 - be left on 被留在……上 - e.g. The bus stopped ____________. 12. We noticed a very dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius. 我们注意到维苏威火山上方有一片非常黑的云。 - notice v. 注意到 - dark cloud 乌云 - over prep. 在……上方 - e.g. Did you ____________ anything strange? 13. Soon, the cloud moved down and covered the sea. 很快，乌云向下移动并覆盖了大海。 - cover v. 覆盖 - e.g. Snow ____________ the ground. 14. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. 母亲让我不要管她继续走，但我拒绝把她丢下。 - ask sb to do 让某人做某事 - continue v. 继续 - refuse to do 拒绝做某事 - leave sb behind 把某人丢在后面 - e.g. She ____________ to tell me the truth. 15. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land like a flood. 我们继续前行，乌云像洪水一样在大地上蔓延。 - move on 继续前进 - spread v. 蔓延，传播（过去式 spread） - like prep. 像 - e.g. The fire ____________ quickly. 16. It turned into night. 它变成了黑夜。 - turn into 变成 - e.g. The caterpillar ____________ into a butterfly. 17. The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall in heavy showers. 空气中充满了浓烟，灰烬开始倾盆而下。 - thick adj. 浓的 - smoke n. 烟 - ash n. 灰烬 - in heavy showers 倾盆而下 - e.g. The room was filled with ____________. 18. All around us, women were calling, children were crying and men were shouting. 我们周围，女人在呼喊，孩子在哭泣，男人在叫喊。 - were calling / crying / shouting 过去进行时（多个动作同时发生） - all around 周围 - e.g. The children ____________ happily in the playground. 19. People were trying to find their families in the dark. 人们试图在黑暗中寻找他们的家人。 - try to do 试图做某事 - in the dark 在黑暗中 - e.g. I ____________ to solve the problem. 20. Thankfully, after a while, the daylight returned! 谢天谢地，过了一会儿，白天回来了！ - thankfully adv. 幸好，谢天谢地 - after a while 过了一会儿 - daylight n. 白天，日光 - return v. 返回 - e.g. ____________, no one was hurt. 21. Everything was covered in ash, like the snow in winter. 一切都被灰烬覆盖，就像冬天的雪一样。 - be covered in 被……覆盖 - e.g. The ground ____________ snow. 22. After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. 在希望与恐惧中度过一夜后，我们对将要发生的事情毫无想法。 - between hope and fear 在希望与恐惧之间 - things to come 即将发生的事情 - e.g. She was ____________ hope and despair. 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. stay in a town ____________ 2. ____________ 唤醒某人 3. for the night ____________ 4. ____________ 甚至一秒钟 5. decide to do ____________ 6. ____________ 离开镇子 7. out of town ____________ 8. ____________ 直行 9. from side to side ____________ 10. ____________ 突然 11. dark cloud ____________ 12. ____________ 注意到 13. ask sb to do ____________ 14. ____________ 拒绝做某事 15. leave sb behind ____________ 16. ____________ 继续前进 17. turn into ____________ 18. ____________ 倾盆而下 19. all around ____________ 20. ____________ 试图做某事 21. after a while ____________ 22. ____________ 在希望与恐惧之间 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. I ____________ reading at 8 o'clock last night. A. am B. was C. were D. is ( ) 2. The ground ____________ during the earthquake. A. shake B. shakes C. shook D. shaken ( ) 3. I was watching TV ____________ the phone rang. A. while B. as C. when D. after ( ) 4. She ____________ into the room to tell me the news. A. rush B. rushes C. rushed D. rushing ( ) 5. We ____________ stay at home because of the storm. A. had to B. have to C. must D. may ( ) 6. The little girl was ____________ of the dark. A. scare B. scaring C. scared D. scary ( ) 7. ____________ six o'clock, we had finished the work. A. In B. At C. By D. On ( ) 8. She ____________ to stay at home. A. decide B. decides C. decided D. deciding ( ) 9. The bus is very ____________. A. crowd B. crowds C. crowded D. crowding ( ) 10. The car moved ____________ side to side on the icy road. A. from B. to C. at D. in ( ) 11. The bus stopped ____________. A. sudden B. suddenly C. suddenness D. suddened ( ) 12. Did you ____________ anything strange? A. notice B. notices C. noticed D. noticing ( ) 13. She ____________ to tell me the truth. A. refuse B. refuses C. refused D. refusing ( ) 14. The fire ____________ quickly. A. spread B. spreads C. spreading D. to spread ( ) 15. The caterpillar ____________ into a butterfly. A. turn B. turns C. turned D. turning 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 我昨晚八点正在看书。 I ____________ reading at 8 o'clock last night. 2. 地震时地面震动了。 The ground ____________ during the earthquake. 3. 电话铃响时我正在看电视。 I was watching TV ____________ the phone rang. 4. 她冲进房间告诉我这个消息。 She ____________ into the room to tell me the news. 5. 因为暴风雨我们不得不待在家。 We ____________ stay at home because of the storm. 6. 小女孩怕黑。 The little girl was ____________ of the dark. 7. 到六点时我们已经完成了工作。 ____________ six o'clock, we had finished the work. 8. 她决定待在家。 She ____________ to stay at home. 9. 公交车很拥挤。 The bus is very ____________. 10. 汽车在结冰的路上左右摇晃。 The car moved from ____________ to side on the icy road. 11. 你注意到什么奇怪的东西了吗？ Did you ____________ anything strange? 12. 她拒绝告诉我真相。 She ____________ to tell me the truth. 13. 火势蔓延得很快。 The fire ____________ quickly. 14. 毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。 The caterpillar ____________ into a butterfly. 15. 谢天谢地，没人受伤。 ____________, no one was hurt. 16. 大地震时，建筑物在摇晃。 The buildings were ____________ during the big earthquake. 17. 我们继续前进，而乌云在大地蔓延。 We moved on while the cloud was ____________ over the land. 18. 空气充满了烟。 The air was ____________ with smoke. 19. 人们试图在黑暗中寻找家人。 People were trying to find their families in the ____________. 20. 在希望与恐惧之间度过一夜后，我们不知道会发生什么。 After a night between hope and ____________, we had no thoughts of things to come. 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | shake | when | rush | had | scared | by | decided | crowded | notice | spread | 1. The ground ____________ during the earthquake. 2. I was watching TV ____________ the phone rang. 3. She ____________ into the room to tell me the news. 4. We ____________ stay at home because of the storm. 5. The little girl was ____________ of the dark. 6. ____________ six o'clock, we had finished the work. 7. She ____________ to stay at home. 8. The bus is very ____________. 9. Did you ____________ anything strange? 10. The fire ____________ quickly. B | shake | when | rush | had | scared | by | decided | crowded | notice | spread | The great earthquake happened many years ago. I was sleeping 1.____________ the ground started to 2.____________. My mother 3.____________ into my room to wake me up. We 4.____________ to leave the town. The road was 5.____________ with people. We 6.____________ a dark cloud over the mountain. 7.____________ the next morning, we saw that the cloud had 8.____________ over the land. The air became thick with smoke and ash. Everyone was 9.____________. We were caught between hope and fear. We 10.____________ to continue moving forward. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. I ____________ (read) at 8 o'clock last night. 2. The ground ____________ (shake) during the earthquake. 3. I was watching TV when the phone ____________ (ring). 4. She ____________ (rush) into the room to tell me the news. 5. We ____________ (have to) stay at home because of the storm. 6. The little girl was ____________ (scare) of the dark. 7. By six o'clock, we ____________ (finish) the work. 8. She ____________ (decide) to stay at home. 9. The bus is very ____________ (crowd). 10. Did you ____________ (notice) anything strange? 11. She ____________ (refuse) to tell me the truth. 12. The fire ____________ (spread) quickly. 13. The caterpillar ____________ (turn) into a butterfly. 14. The buildings were ____________ (shake) during the earthquake. 15. The air was ____________ (thick) with smoke. 答案 一、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. was 2. shook 3. when 4. rushed 5. had to 6. scared 7. By 8. decided 9. crowded 10. side 11. notice 12. refused 13. spread 14. turned 15. Thankfully 16. shaking 17. spreading 18. thick 19. dark 20. fear 三、选词填空 A 1. shook 2. when 3. rushed 4. had to 5. scared 6. By 7. decided 8. crowded 9. notice 10. spread B 1. when 2. shake 3. rushed 4. had to 5. crowded 6. noticed 7. By 8. spread 9. scared 10. decided 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. was reading 2. shook 3. rang 4. rushed 5. had to 6. scared 7. had finished 8. decided 9. crowded 10. notice 11. refused 12. spread 13. turned 14. shaking 15. thick 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $