专题07 Unit 3 Smart Learning 课文讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新九年级英语暑期预习系列（新教材人教版）

专题07 Unit 3 Smart Learning 课文讲解（暑假讲义） Section A 一．单词学习 1.podcast /ˈpɒdkɑːst/ n. 播客 2.zero /ˈzɪərəʊ/ num. 零；最低程度 3.come across (偶然)遇见；发现 4.step by step 逐步地；循序渐进地 5.build up 增加；创建 6.actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极地 7.enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 有乐趣的；使人快乐的 8.strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略 9.put off 推迟；拖延 10.correct /kəˈrekt/ adj. 正确的；恰当的 11.suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 建议；提议 12.method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法 13.summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/ (= summarise) v. 总结；概括 二．课文学习 Section A 3a Ella: Hi, this is Ella’s podcast. Today’s guest is Binbin. He’s going to give us some ideas for learning English. Binbin: Hi, Ella. Thanks for having me! For learning English, I think first you need to become an active learner. Ella: What do you mean by that? Binbin: Well, because I want to speak English well, I practise English all the time. Ella: Oh, you must spend a lot of time studying! Binbin: Well, it doesn’t mean you have to study all the time. You need to spend time using the language. For example, I speak English with friends. I repeat the dialogues from the films I like. I read English books, and sometimes I write my diary in English. Ella: Wow! I guess you really enjoy learning. Binbin: Yes, it’s true! But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. I mean you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up. Ella: That’s so true. 埃拉：大家好，这里是埃拉的播客。今天的嘉宾是彬彬。他将给我们一些学习英语的建议。 彬彬：嗨，埃拉。谢谢邀请我！对于英语学习，我觉得首先你要成为一个主动学习者。 埃拉：你这是什么意思？ 彬彬：嗯，因为我想把英语说好，所以我一直练习英语。 埃拉：哦，那你一定花了很多时间学习吧！ 彬彬：这不意味着你必须一直学习。你需要花时间使用这门语言。例如，我和朋友说英语，我重复喜欢的电影里的对话，我读英语书，有时还用英语写日记。 埃拉：哇！我猜你真的很享受学习。 彬彬：是的，没错！但你看，我从零开始，也遇到过问题。我的意思是你必须一步一步来，从简单开始，逐步提升。 埃拉：太对了。 三．课内知识解析 1. come across v. phrase (偶然) 遇见；发现 用法：固定短语，指无意中遇到、发现，主语为人，常与 sb/sth 搭配 搭配：come across a friend（偶遇朋友）、come across a good book（发现一本好书） 例句：I came across a useful learning method yesterday.（昨天我偶然发现一个有用的学习方法。） 同义：meet by chance, find（偶遇；发现） 词形变换：come→came→come（过去式 / 过去分词） 2. step by step adv. phrase 逐步地；循序渐进地 用法：副词短语，修饰动词，指一步一步、按顺序，常与 learn/do 搭配 搭配：learn step by step（循序渐进学习）、do it step by step（一步步做） 例句：If you learn English step by step, you will make progress.（如果你循序渐进学英语，你会进步的。） 同义：gradually, little by little（逐渐地） 3. build up v. phrase 增加；加强；创建 用法：固定短语，指积累、增强，常与 confidence/strength/vocabulary 搭配 搭配：build up confidence（树立信心）、build up vocabulary（积累词汇）、build up strength（增强体力） 例句：Reading can help you build up your vocabulary.（阅读能帮你积累词汇。） 同义：increase, strengthen（增加；加强） 词形变换：build→built→built（过去式 / 过去分词） 4. actively /ˈæktɪvli/adv. 积极地 用法：副词，修饰动词，指主动、积极地做某事，常与 take part in/learn 搭配 搭配：actively learn（积极学习）、actively take part in（积极参加）、think actively（积极思考） 例句：We should actively ask questions in class.（我们应该在课堂上积极提问。） 同义：positively, enthusiastically（积极地；热情地） 词形变换：active adj.（积极的）→ activity n.（活动） 5. enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/adj. 有乐趣的；使人快乐的 用法：形容词，修饰事物，指令人愉快、有乐趣，常与 learning/time 搭配 搭配：enjoyable learning（愉快的学习）、enjoyable time（快乐时光）、enjoyable trip（愉快的旅行） 例句：Learning English with songs is very enjoyable.（用歌曲学英语很有乐趣。） 同义：pleasant, fun（愉快的；有趣的） 词形变换：enjoy v.（享受）→ enjoyment n.（乐趣） 6. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/n. 策略 用法：可数名词，指学习、做事的方法策略，常与 learning/study 搭配 搭配：learning strategy（学习策略）、study strategy（学习方法）、good strategy（好策略） 例句：Different students have different learning strategies.（不同的学生有不同的学习策略。） 同义：method, way（方法；方式） 词形变换：复数 strategies；strategic adj.（战略的） 7. put off /v. phrase 推迟；拖延 用法：固定短语，指推迟做某事，代词放中间，常与 doing/sth 搭配 搭配：put off doing sth（推迟做某事）、put off the plan（推迟计划）、never put off（绝不拖延） 例句：Never put off what you can do today until tomorrow.（今日事今日毕。） 同义：delay, postpone（推迟） 词形变换：put→put→put（过去式 / 过去分词） 8. correct /kəˈrekt/adj. 正确的；恰当的 v. 纠正 用法：形容词指答案、做法正确；动词指纠正错误，常与 answer/way/mistakes 搭配 搭配：correct answer（正确答案）、correct way（正确方法）、correct mistakes（纠正错误） 例句：Please write down the correct sentences in your notebook.（请把正确的句子写在笔记本上。） 同义：right, proper（正确的；恰当的） 词形变换：correctly adv.（正确地）；correction n.（纠正） 9. suggest /səˈdʒest/v. 建议；提议 用法：及物动词，后接 doing/that 从句（从句用 should + 动词原形），不接 to do，常与 advice/idea 搭配 搭配：suggest doing sth（建议做某事）、suggest a plan（提议计划）、suggest a way（建议方法） 例句：He suggests reading English every morning.（他建议每天早上读英语。） 同义：advise, propose（建议） 词形变换：suggestion n.（建议） 10. method /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法 用法：可数名词，指系统、科学的方法，常与 learning/study/good 搭配 搭配：learning method（学习方法）、good method（好方法）、scientific method（科学方法） 例句：Finding a right method is important for learning.（找到正确的方法对学习很重要。） 同义：way, means（方式；手段） 词形变换：复数 methods；methodical adj.（有条理的） 11. summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/v. 总结；概括 用法：动词，指概括文章、内容大意，常与 passage/text 搭配 搭配：summarize a passage（概括文章）、summarize the main idea（总结主旨） 例句：Can you summarize the story in three sentences?（你能用三句话概括这个故事吗？） 同义：conclude, generalize（总结；概括） 词形变换：summary n.（总结；概要） 12.What do you mean by that?:你这么说是什么意思？（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】(1)What do you mean by...? ...…是什么意思？ by后接名词性结构，如名词、名词短语或从句等。 What do you mean by"beauty"? “beauty”是什么意思？ What do you mean by coming here without calling first? 你没打招呼就来，是什么意思？ 【拓展】当用于询问单词意思时，“What do you mean by.?”可转换为“What's the meaning of....?”或“What does....mean?”。 What do you mean by this word? =What's the meaning of this word? =What does this word mean?这个单词是什么意思？ (2)mean〔及物动词) ①意思是 表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思所指，其后常接名词或宾语从句。 What do you mean? 你（的话）是什么意思？ You mean that you can't come tomorrow? 你的意思是你明天不能来了？ ②意味着 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 My new job will mean travelling all over the world. 我的新工作将意味着世界各地到处跑。 ③意欲；打算 mean to do sth意欲/打算做某事 I didn't mean to upset you. 我没想让你伤心。 【拓展】meaning〔名词)意义；意思the meaning of ..…的意思 The meaning of her words is clear. 她的话意思很清楚。 13.But you see,I started out at zero and came across problems..但你看，我是从零开始，遇到了很多问题。（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】(1)start out开始；起初 start out+时间/地点状语 在…...时间开始/从…...地点出发 start out as+身份/职业 以…...身份/职业开始 start out to do sth 开始做某事（表初始目标）；最初想要做某事 We started out at dawn for the mountain. 我们黎明出发去爬山。 He started out as a teacher before becoming a writer. 他起初是名教师，后来成为作家。 She started out to study medicine,but she changed her mind later. 她起初想学医，但后来改变了主意。 (2)come across (偶然)遇见；发现 通常用作及物动词短语，后面可以直接跟宾语，如人、物、信息等。 I came across Tom in the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我在书店偶然遇到了汤姆。 I came across an old photo of us while cleaning the bedroom. 打扫卧室时我偶然发现了一张我们的老照片。 14.I mean you just have to take things step by step.我的意思是，你必须循序渐进地来。(教材第24页，3a) 【详解】step by step逐步地；循序渐进地；此处用作方式状语。其中介词by表示连续或反复，意为“（一个）接着（一个）；（一个）又（一个）”。 I am not rushing things and I'm taking it step by step. 我没有急于求成，而是逐步推进。 Step by step,he knew the importance of it. 渐渐地，他知道了它的重要性。 【拓展】类似的短语： one by one一个接一个 word by word一个字一个字地 year by year年复一年，逐年 little by little一点一点，逐渐 15.Start simple and build up.从简单的事情开始，逐步积累。（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】build up ①增加；加强；表示增强或积累，强调渐进过程。 Regular exercise helps to build up strength. 定期镀炼有助于增强体力。 Exercise helps build up muscle strength. 锻炼有助于增强肌肉力量。 ②创建；表示逐步建立或开发。 He built up a successful business over the years. 他多年来逐步建立了一家成功的企业。 四．随堂训练 一、根据所给单词词根，按要求完成词性转换、派生词、反义词、单复数、时态变形。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. polite (adj.) ________ (副词) 2. polite (adj.) ________ (反义词，形容词) 3. safe (adj.) ________ (名词) 4. safe (adj.) ________ (反义词，形容词) 5. crowd (n.) ________ (形容词) 6. centre (n.) ________ (形容词) 7. easy (adj.) ________ (副词) 8. wonder (v.) ________ (形容词) 9. corner (n.) ________ (复数) 10. hang (v.) ________ (过去式) 11. speak (v.) ________ (过去式) 12. usual (adj.) ________ (副词) 二、根据汉语提示填空 根据句意及汉语提示，用单词或短语的适当形式填空，注意时态、主谓一致与单复数变化。 1. Is there a clean ________ (洗手间) on this floor? 2. He ________ (想知道) where he can buy fresh flowers every morning. 3. There are many small shops on the ________ (角落) of the street. 4. It is ________ (安全的) to take the subway during rush hours. 5. We must speak to elders ________ (礼貌地) at all times. 6. My parents usually ________ (闲逛) in the park after dinner. 7. This big ________ (百货商店) sells all kinds of daily goods. 8. The ________ (中心的) square is always full of people on holidays. 9. The bank is on the ________ (左边) of the hospital. 10. She is good at ________ (请求) for help when she meets difficulties. 三、方框选词填空 从方框内选择合适单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 polite, safe, crowd, center, easy, wonder, cross, word, hang, shop It is important to learn how to ask for help in a new city. Many people find it not (1) ________ to find places without guidance. If you speak (2) ________ and use warm (3) ________, most people will be willing to help you. I live near the (4) ________ part of the city. There are lots of (5) ________ and cafes around. On weekends, the streets are very (6) ________. My friends and I often (7) ________ out there. When we (8) ________ the road, we always pay attention to our (9) ________. It is truly a (10) ________ place for relaxation. 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Asking for directions is (1) ________ useful life skill. When you arrive in (2) ________ new place, you may want to know how (3) ________ (get) to your destination. People are more likely (4) ________ (help) you if you are polite. It’s much (5) ________ (good) to say “Could you please...” than ask questions rudely. There is a big shopping mall near my school. It is not far (6) ________ my home. After school, many students enjoy (7) ________ (shop) there. It is quiet and (8) ________ (safety). It is also a perfect place (9) ________ (hang) out with classmates. Polite communication always makes our life (10) ________ (happy) than before. Section B 一．单词学习 1.growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 成长；增加 2.mindset /ˈmaɪndset/ n. 观念模式 3.materials /məˈtɪəriəlz/ n. 材料 4.in part 在某种程度上；部分地 5.guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/ n. 指导 6.feedback /ˈfiːdbæk/ n. 反馈的意见 7.addition /əˈdɪʃn/ n. 添加；加法 8.in addition 另外；此外 9.resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源；资料 10.textbook /ˈtekstbʊk/ n. 教科书；课本 11.advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优势；优点 12. take advantage of 利用 13.efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃntli/ adv. 效率高地 14.valley /ˈvæli/ n. 山谷；溪谷 15.pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 发音；读音 16.click /klɪk/ v. (用鼠标或在触摸板上)点击；(使)发出咔嗒声 二．课文学习 Section B 1b How to Become a Successful Learner Everyone has the ability to learn. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner. However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning. Studies show that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset. This means, in part, believing in yourself. It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges. People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve. Research also shows that practice is important for learning. The more we practise, the better we learn. We learn best by practising new and difficult things. Sometimes it is also important to get guidance from a teacher or a coach. They can show us the right way to practise and give us important feedback and advice. In addition, studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study. First, by being together, students can easily learn from each other. Second, students are challenged to do better by each other. This has been proven to encourage learner growth. Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find. In the 21st century, this means using new technology and resources, not just textbooks. Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely what and how you study. Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently. Finally, successful learners see learning as part of daily life. It is something they will do even after they leave school, even when they are old. As you continue on your learning journey, you should try to walk at your own speed and enjoy the trip. Never lose heart. The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and valleys, but it also has great treasure. You will find more joy in living a life with learning! 每个人都有学习的能力。学习科学的专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为成功的学习者。然而许多学生没有意识到这一点，他们在学习上遇到困难。 研究表明，成为成功学习者的第一个关键是拥有成长型思维。这在一定程度上意味着相信自己，还意味着设定目标、采取行动和迎接挑战。拥有成长型思维的人把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教会我们如何进步。 研究还表明，练习对学习很重要。我们练习得越多，学得越好。我们通过练习新且难的东西学得最好。有时得到老师或教练的指导也很重要。他们能向我们展示正确的练习方法，并给予重要的反馈和建议。 此外，研究表明，当学生与学习认真的其他学生在一起时，他们学得更多。首先，通过在一起，学生可以轻松地互相学习。其次，学生互相激励做得更好。这已被证明能促进学习者的成长。 成功的学习者还会使用他们能找到的最好的学习材料。在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和资源，而不仅仅是教科书。因为网上有那么多学习材料，仔细思考、明智地选择学什么和怎么学非常重要。利用最好的工具和资源，聪明高效地学习。 最后，成功的学习者把学习视为日常生活的一部分。即使离开学校后，甚至老了以后，他们也会继续学习。在你继续学习之旅时，你应该按自己的节奏走，享受旅途。永远不要灰心。前方的道路可能漫长，有许多高山和深谷，但那里也有巨大的宝藏。你会在终身学习的生活中找到更多快乐！ 三．课内知识解析 1. growth /ɡrəʊθ/n. 成长；增加 用法：不可数名词，指人的成长或数量的增长，常与 personal/study 搭配 搭配：personal growth（个人成长）、study growth（学习进步）、growth of knowledge（知识增长） 例句：Teachers care about our study and personal growth.（老师关心我们的学习和个人成长。） 同义：development, increase（发展；增长） 词形变换：grow v.（成长；生长） 2. mindset /ˈmaɪndset/n. 观念模式；心态 用法：可数名词，指思维方式、心态，常与 positive/learning 搭配 搭配：positive mindset（积极心态）、learning mindset（学习心态）、change one’s mindset（改变心态） 例句：A good learning mindset can help you make progress.（良好的学习心态能帮你进步。） 同义：mentality, attitude（心态；态度） 词形变换：mind（头脑）+set（设置）合成 3. in part adv. phrase 在某种程度上；部分地 用法：固定短语，用于句中，表部分原因或程度，常与 because of/due to 搭配 搭配：in part because（部分原因是）、succeed in part（部分成功） 例句：Our success is due in part to our good methods.（我们的成功部分归功于好方法。） 同义：partly, to some degree（部分地；在某种程度上） 4. guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/n. 指导 用法：不可数名词，指老师、长辈的指导，常与 under/give/teacher’s 搭配 搭配：under one’s guidance（在某人指导下）、give guidance（给予指导）、teacher’s guidance（老师的指导） 例句：We make progress under the guidance of our teacher.（我们在老师的指导下取得进步。） 同义：direction, instruction（指导；教导） 词形变换：guide v./n.（指导；向导） 5. addition /əˈdɪʃn/n. 添加；加法 用法：名词，指增加的人或物，也指数学加法，常与 in 搭配 搭配：in addition（另外）、in addition to（除…… 之外）、do addition（做加法） 例句：In addition, we should practice listening every day.（此外，我们应该每天练习听力。） 同义：increase, plus（增加；加） 词形变换：add v.（添加）；additional adj.（额外的） 6. in addition adv. phrase 另外；此外 用法：固定短语，用于句首，表补充说明，常与逗号隔开 搭配：in addition, ...（此外……）、in addition to sth（除某物之外） 例句：In addition, reading can improve our writing skills.（此外，阅读能提高我们的写作技能。） 同义：besides, moreover（此外；而且） 7. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/n. 资源；资料 用法：可数名词，指自然资源或学习资源，常与 learning/natural 搭配 搭配：learning resources（学习资源）、natural resources（自然资源）、use resources（利用资源） 例句：The library provides us with rich learning resources.（图书馆给我们提供丰富的学习资源。） 同义：material, supply（材料；供应） 词形变换：复数 resources 8. advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/n. 优势；优点 用法：可数名词，指有利条件、优点，反义词 disadvantage，常与 have/take 搭配 搭配：have an advantage（有优势）、advantage in learning（学习优势）、main advantage（主要优点） 例句：Reading aloud has many advantages in learning English.（大声朗读在学英语上有很多优点。） 同义：benefit, strength（益处；长处） 词形变换：disadvantage n.（缺点）；advantageous adj.（有利的） 9. take advantage of v. phrase 利用 用法：固定短语，指充分利用机会、资源等，常与 chance/time/resource 搭配 搭配：take advantage of time（利用时间）、take advantage of resources（利用资源）、take advantage of chance（抓住机会） 例句：We should take advantage of every chance to practice English.（我们应该利用每个机会练习英语。） 同义：make use of, utilize（利用） 10. efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃntli/adv. 效率高地 用法：副词，修饰动词，指高效地做事，常与 study/work/learn 搭配 搭配：study efficiently（高效学习）、work efficiently（高效工作）、learn efficiently（高效学习） 例句：Good methods help us learn English efficiently.（好方法帮我们高效学英语。） 同义：effectively, productively（有效地；高效地） 词形变换：efficient adj.（高效的）；efficiency n.（效率） 11. pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/n. 发音；读音 用法：不可数名词，指单词、语言的发音，常与 improve/good/bad 搭配 搭配：improve pronunciation（改善发音）、good pronunciation（好发音）、correct pronunciation（正确发音） 例句：Listening to tapes can improve our pronunciation.（听磁带能改善我们的发音。） 同义：accent（口音） 词形变换：pronounce v.（发音） 12. click /klɪk/v. (用鼠标或在触摸板上) 点击；(使) 发出咔嗒声 用法：动词，指点击电子设备，也可指咔嗒响，常与 mouse/button 搭配 搭配：click the mouse（点击鼠标）、click the button（点击按钮）、click away（不停点击） 例句：Click here to download the learning materials.（点击这里下载学习资料。） 同义：tap, press（轻击；按压） 词形变换：复数 clicks；过去式 clicked 13.Have a growth mindset to learning.对学习拥有成长型观念模式。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】growth〔名词〕成长；增加 have a growth mindset 拥有成长型观念模式 Plants need sunlight for healthy growth. 植物需要阳光才能健康生长。 Economic growth brings more jobs. 经济增长带来更多工作岗位。 14.Use learning materials wisely.明智地使用学习材料。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】wisely〔副词〕明智地；聪明地；其形容词形式是wise(聪明的；有智慧的)。 Life is a gift,so use it wisely. 生命是一种馈赠，所以要明智地使用它。 15.Everyone has the ability to learn.人人都有学习能力。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】 the ability to do sth做某事的能力 have the ability to do sth有能力做某事 In our culture,the ability to make one's own decisions is important.在我们的文化中，自己做决定的能力是重要的。 She has the ability to learn languages quickly. 她具备快速学习语言的能力。 16.However,many students do not realize this,and they have trouble learning. 然而，许多学生并没有意识到这一点，他们在学习中遇到了困难。（教材第26页，1b) have trouble(in)doing sth做某事有麻烦困难 同义短语为have problems/difficulty(in)doing sth We have trouble getting to the mountain village before dark. 天黑前我们到达那个山村有困难。 She has no problem(in)singing the song. 她唱这首歌没问题。 【拓展】have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth在某事/方面有困难 I have trouble with my homework. 我做家庭作业有困难。 17.Studies show that the first key to be-coming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset..研究表明，成为成功学习者的第一个关键在于拥有成长型观念模式。(教材第26页，1b) 【详解】key〔可数名词) ①关键；要诀通常用于单数。 the key to.… …...的关键/要诀 The key to success is preparation成功的关键是准备。 ②钥匙其复数形式为keys。the key to.……的钥匙 The keys are Tom's. 这些钥匙是汤姆的。 This is the key to this door. 这是这个门的钥匙。 ③答案 Here're the keys to the exercise. 这是练习题的答案 18.This means,in part,believing in yourself.这在某种程度上意味着要相信自己。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】(1)in part在某种程度上；部分地通常作为副词短语使用，可用在句首、句中或句末 Her success depends in part on her hard work. 她的成功在某种程度上取决于她的努力。 He was responsible for the failure,but only in pat. 他对失败负有责任，但只是部分原因。 (2)辨析：believe in sb与believe sb believe in sb 信任某人 表达对某人本身的信任，包括对其品格、能力等方面的肯定。 believe sb 相信某人(说的话) 侧重于相信某人所说的话是真实的。 We all believe in our teacher. 我们都信任我们的老师。 Don't believe him;he always tells lies. 别相信他的话，他总是撒谎。 19.People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning,as they teach us how to improve,持有成长型观念模式的人把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教会我们如何进步。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】see...as... 把…...视为…...；把…...看作…... 表示将某人或某物视为特定的身份、角色或属性。 I see him as a reliable friend. 我把他看作是一个可靠的朋友。 You can see this problem as a challenge. 你可以把这个问题看作是一个挑战。 20.The more we practise,the better we learn.我们练习得越多，学得就越好。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】the+比较级…，the+比较级，越…...就越…... The more you learn,the more you know. 你学得越多，懂得就越多。 The earlier children learn to look after them-selves,the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会照顾自己，对他们的未来就越好。 21.In addition,studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study.此外，研究表明，当学生与其他认真对待学习的学生相处时，他们会学到更多。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】(1)in addition另外；此外；通常置于句首，后接逗号，引出补充信息。相当于besides或furthermore We need more time.In addition,we need better resources. 我们需要更多时间，另外，还需要更好的资源。 【拓展】“in addition to+名词/动词-ing形式” 意为“除…...之外（还）”。 He's talented in addition to being hard-working. 他不仅勤奋，而且有才华。 (2)addition〔名词)添加；加法 The addition of a garden made the house more attractive . 花园的增添让房子更吸引人。 Children learn addition and subtraction in first grade. 孩子们一年级时学习加减法。 (3)hang out闲逛 此时hang的过去式、过去分词均为hung。 注意：hang out没有被动语态 hang out with sb 和某人一起消磨时光 We just hung out at the mall all afternoon. 我们整个下午都在商场闲逛。 He often hangs out with his friends. 他经常和朋友们一起闲逛。 (4)be serious about认真对待 其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，相当于take...seriously。其中serious用作形容词，意为“严肃的；认真的”。 You must be serious about the examination.=You must take the examination seriously.你必须认真对待这次考试。 22.Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.利用最佳工具和资源，明智且高效地学习。(教材第27页，1b) 【详解】(1)advantage〔可数名词〕优势；优点；反义词为disadvantage(缺点；不利条件)。 the advantage of …...的优点 take advantage of 利用 It has more advantages than disadvantages. 这件事利大于弊。 We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. 我们必须接受自己的失败并学会利用它。 (2)efficiently〔副词)效率高地其比较级是more efficiently,最高级是most efficiently The team efficiently solved the problem and achieved their goal. 团队高效地解决了问题并实现了目标。 Nowadays,AI works more efficiently than traditional methods.如今，人工智能的工作效率比传统方法更高。 【拓展】efficient （形容词) 效率高的 其比较级是more efficient(更高效的)，最高级是most efficient(最高效的)。 This machine is efficient. 这台机器效率高 We need to find a more efficient method. 我们需要找到一种更高效的方法。 23.As you continue on your learning journey,you should try to walk at your own speed and enjoy the trip.在继续你的学习之旅时，你应该尽力以自己的速度前行，并享受这段旅程。（教材第27页，1b) 【详解】辨析：try to do sth与try doing sth try to do sth 尽力做某事 表示想尽一切办法做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 表示试着做做看 He tried to carry the box. 他尽力搬起这个箱子。 The man tried repairing the machine. 这名男子试着修理这台机器 24.The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and valleys but it also has great treasure.你前方的道路或许漫长，或许有许多高山和峡谷，但同样蕴藏着巨大的宝藏。（教材第27页，1b) 【详解】辨析：may be与maybe may be 可能是 “情态动词may+动词原形be”,在句中作谓语 maybe 或许；大概；可能 副词，作状语，常位于句首 You may be right.=Maybe you are right. 你可能是对的。 四．随堂训练 一、单词变形 根据所给词根，横向完成对应词形转换，并熟记词性词义。 1. direct (adj. 直接的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (adj. 间接的、反义词) 2. polite (adj. 礼貌的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (n. 礼貌) / ________ (adj. 不礼貌的、反义词) 3. correct (adj. 正确的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (adj. 错误的、反义词) 4. crowd (n. 人群) —— ________ (adj. 拥挤的) / ________ (adj. 不拥挤的、反义词) 5. expense (n. 花费) —— ________ (adj. 昂贵的) / ________ (adj. 便宜的、反义词) 6. suggest (v. 建议) —— ________ (n. 建议) 7. choose (v. 选择) —— ________ (n. 选择) / ________ (n. 复数) 8. speak (v. 说、讲) —— ________ (n. 演讲) / ________ (n. 口语、说话) 9. influence (v./n. 影响) —— ________ (adj. 有影响力的) 10. smooth (adj. 顺畅的) —— ________ (adv. 顺畅地) 二、根据汉语提示填空 根据句意及汉语提示，用单词或短语的适当形式填空。 1. It is ________ (不礼貌的) to shout at people in public. 2. My friend gave me several useful ________ (建议) about English speaking. 3. Can you tell me the ________ (直接的) way to the underground station? 4. Teenagers should learn to make their own ________ (选择). 5. Parents’ words and behaviors have a strong ________ (影响) on kids. 6. Please write down all the sentences ________ (正确地). 7. This dress is beautiful and ________ (不贵的), so I decide to buy it. 8. He practices public ________ (演讲) every weekend. 9. The park is ________ (不拥挤的) on cold winter days. 10. We need to learn how ________ (表达) ourselves politely. 三、方框选词填空 从方框中选择合适单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 direct, polite, correct, suggest, choice, crowd, expensive, speak, influence, express Many people like speaking (1) ________ because it saves time. However, being too straightforward may sound rude. Being (2) ________ is the key to good communication. When you talk with others, you should try your best (3) ________ your thoughts (4) ________. Teachers always (5) ________ that students should make right word (6) ________ in different occasions. Our speaking habits will (7) ________ our social relationships. During holidays, most scenic spots become extremely (8) ________ and local goods are usually (9) ________. Therefore, mastering proper (10) ________ skills is very important for every student. 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Polite speaking is (1) ________ important social skill for teenagers. It makes (2) ________ great difference to our daily life. In fact, indirect questions are (3) ________ (polite) than direct ones. If you want someone (4) ________ (help) you, you’d better use soft sentences. It is much better (5) ________ using rude and short sentences. Our teacher often suggests we (6) ________ (keep) practicing spoken English. Different situations require different (7) ________ (speak) styles. Don’t talk loudly in (8) ________ (crowd) places, or you will end up (9) ________ (influence) others. Polite communication will make our life much (10) ________ (smooth). 综合训练 一．完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It can be hard to achieve success if you don’t have a good study space. Most students usually study in their 1 after school or on weekends. However, it may not be easy for them to study 2 there. So, how can you avoid distractions (使人分心的事) when you are supposed to be studying hard? If you want to stay focused, you must keep your desk organized and your room 3 . No matter how small your bedroom is, it will feel larger 4 everything is in its place, and that will help you view it as a workplace. Studying at home all day doesn’t mean staying in your pyjamas (睡衣). When you 5 , you can have a shower and get dressed as if you plan to study in the library. That will put you in the right state of mind 6 a day’s work. Make a study plan and follow it strictly. 7 when to study and when to take breaks. In this way, you can better 8 your time and stay focused on your tasks. Take a break and get out every few hours. You don’t have to do much exercise, but at least walk around the neighbourhood for fifteen 9 . Then you’ll be able to pay more attention to your studies. Creating a good study environment is 10 for everyone. Follow these tips to create your study space and develop habits for better learning results. 1．A．bedrooms B．kitchens C．classrooms D．bathrooms 2．A．simply B．suddenly C．seriously D．proudly 3．A．warm B．safe C．lively D．tidy 4．A．because B．if C．though D．until 5．A．get up B．grow up C．set off D．put off 6．A．in B．on C．for D．of 7．A．Decide B．Discuss C．Describe D．Promise 8．A．lose B．break C．waste D．manage 9．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．weeks 10．A．impossible B．interesting C．important D．difficult 二．阅读理解 We recycle (回收利用) rubbish, so why not language? Recycling language means using vocabulary (词汇) that you have learned before again and again. However, unlike rubbish that piles up (堆积) in our environment, if we do not recycle language, we simply forget it. So how do you recycle language? There are basically three ways to do it. The first is through reading. Go back to your favorite articles and read them once more. Just reread them and do not worry about each vocabulary item. If there are some that you are not sure about, make a guess and you will probably guess right. The second way to recycle is through writing. Look at some of your favorite articles and write either a short paragraph or a few sentences in your own words. After you have done this a few times, go back and read through what you have written, checking vocabulary functions. Don’t worry if you have made mistakes. You should learn from your mistakes. The third way to recycle language is by having a chat with yourself about your favorite articles at home. You can pretend there is someone with you who speaks English and tell him what you are thinking about or how you feel. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．According to the passage, recycling language means ________. A．using less vocabulary B．writing vocabulary over and over again C．learning more new vocabulary D．using vocabulary that we have learned very often 12．If we recycle language, it may ________. A．be kept in our mind B．be forgotten easily C．pile up in our environment D．disappear from our mind soon 13．When you were writing a short paragraph, if you made a mistake, you should ________. A．correct it at once B．learn from it C．be worried about it D．forget about it 14．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in recycling language? A．Reading. B．Listening. C．Writing. D．Speaking. 15．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to recycle rubbish? B．The differences between recycling language and rubbish. C．Three ways to recycle language. D．Why should we recycle language? 三．语法填空 I’m good at all my lessons now. But one 16 (year) ago, my English was bad. My English teacher Mr Wu gave me some advice. Mr Wu told me that reciting (背诵) English words is the 17 (one) step of learning English well. He asked me to remember eight or ten words 18 day. He asked me to write them on pieces 19 paper and place (放置) them in my bedroom or living room. Read the words when I see them and change them often. Mr Wu also asked me to watch TV and listen to radio programs as much as 20 (me) can. He said it was a good way 21 (improve) my English, because I enjoyed myself when I was 22 (watch) or listening. He asked me not to think about all the new words when I finished a song or a film. He asked me to talk about it with my friends and say 23 I like or dislike about it. I just relaxed and 24 (enjoy) it. I did as the teacher told me. My English 25 (be) better now. 四．任务型阅读 请阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容完成所给任务，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 A skill, the ability to do something well, can be completely learned and improved through practice. It covers fun personal abilities and practical daily abilities. For example, it can be something like learning to cook, laying the table, loading and emptying the dishwasher, brushing your shoes or putting away clean clothes. These are skills that you will probably use throughout your life, when you’re a grown-up. There are also lots of skills you can try and connect with your interests, including learning a musical instrument, playing a sport or learning arts or crafts. You can begin with thinking about what you enjoy doing or what you’d like to try. ▲ Keep practicing every day. Practice makes perfect. Set clear mini-goals step by step. Learn patiently and don’t give up easily. Ask others for advice when you meet difficulties. Learn from books or online lessons properly. When picking up a new skill, you can look for local public organizations and classes or see if your school is doing any new after-school activities. You don’t always have to learn a new skill with others, though. If you are probably uncomfortable getting people around you, why not step into the library to get a book and find some inspirations or look online for suggestions to master something new? As the summer holiday is coming, some students may think about learning a skill to enrich their life. What do people think of their choices? Here are some voices. Wu Pei, a student, 15 Wang Yuhao, an AI technology worker, 33 Learning new skills can greatly improve my learning and thinking abilities. When I explore new things, I learn to plan, practice and work out problems on my own. It also encourages creativity, which is very important for my next senior school studies and future life. Besides, I need to learn how to cooperate with others in real life situation. In the fast-changing world, learning new skills makes people actively face or follow the change. For young people, picking up skills like basic coding (编程) or digital design early can open more doors in the future. It also helps them understand how hi-tech products work and stay curious about the world around them. Cao Yantao, a parent, 42 Cheng Bing, a psychologist, 51 I think learning new skills is good for children’s all-round development. It not only lets them discover their interests but also helps them become more independent. When they learn to cook or fix small things by themselves, they feel proud and learn to take responsibility. These skills will benefit them for a lifetime. The mental health benefits of learning a new skill for children are huge. A number of different studies show that learning new skills can boost confidence, build independence, reduce stress and lead to positive behavior. When learning new things, people can feel happy and less worried. It is like doing exercise for our brain. Never fear challenges while learning. Every new skill you learn will bring out the best in you and equip you with more possibilities and opportunities. 26．Which skill is a practical daily ability, “laying the table” or “learning a musical instrument”? 27．According to the passage, where can people pick up a new skill with others? 28．Fill in ▲ with no more than 7 words. 29．What ideas do Cao Yantao and Cheng Bing have in common about learning new skills? 30．Which new skill will you choose to learn during your holiday? Why? $ 专题07 Unit 3 Smart Learning 课文讲解（暑假讲义） Section A 一．单词学习 1.podcast /ˈpɒdkɑːst/ n. 播客 2.zero /ˈzɪərəʊ/ num. 零；最低程度 3.come across (偶然)遇见；发现 4.step by step 逐步地；循序渐进地 5.build up 增加；创建 6.actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极地 7.enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 有乐趣的；使人快乐的 8.strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略 9.put off 推迟；拖延 10.correct /kəˈrekt/ adj. 正确的；恰当的 11.suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 建议；提议 12.method /ˈmeθəd/ n. 方法 13.summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/ (= summarise) v. 总结；概括 二．课文学习 Section A 3a Ella: Hi, this is Ella’s podcast. Today’s guest is Binbin. He’s going to give us some ideas for learning English. Binbin: Hi, Ella. Thanks for having me! For learning English, I think first you need to become an active learner. Ella: What do you mean by that? Binbin: Well, because I want to speak English well, I practise English all the time. Ella: Oh, you must spend a lot of time studying! Binbin: Well, it doesn’t mean you have to study all the time. You need to spend time using the language. For example, I speak English with friends. I repeat the dialogues from the films I like. I read English books, and sometimes I write my diary in English. Ella: Wow! I guess you really enjoy learning. Binbin: Yes, it’s true! But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. I mean you just have to take things step by step. Start simple and build up. Ella: That’s so true. 埃拉：大家好，这里是埃拉的播客。今天的嘉宾是彬彬。他将给我们一些学习英语的建议。 彬彬：嗨，埃拉。谢谢邀请我！对于英语学习，我觉得首先你要成为一个主动学习者。 埃拉：你这是什么意思？ 彬彬：嗯，因为我想把英语说好，所以我一直练习英语。 埃拉：哦，那你一定花了很多时间学习吧！ 彬彬：这不意味着你必须一直学习。你需要花时间使用这门语言。例如，我和朋友说英语，我重复喜欢的电影里的对话，我读英语书，有时还用英语写日记。 埃拉：哇！我猜你真的很享受学习。 彬彬：是的，没错！但你看，我从零开始，也遇到过问题。我的意思是你必须一步一步来，从简单开始，逐步提升。 埃拉：太对了。 三．课内知识解析 1. come across v. phrase (偶然) 遇见；发现 用法：固定短语，指无意中遇到、发现，主语为人，常与 sb/sth 搭配 搭配：come across a friend（偶遇朋友）、come across a good book（发现一本好书） 例句：I came across a useful learning method yesterday.（昨天我偶然发现一个有用的学习方法。） 同义：meet by chance, find（偶遇；发现） 词形变换：come→came→come（过去式 / 过去分词） 2. step by step adv. phrase 逐步地；循序渐进地 用法：副词短语，修饰动词，指一步一步、按顺序，常与 learn/do 搭配 搭配：learn step by step（循序渐进学习）、do it step by step（一步步做） 例句：If you learn English step by step, you will make progress.（如果你循序渐进学英语，你会进步的。） 同义：gradually, little by little（逐渐地） 3. build up v. phrase 增加；加强；创建 用法：固定短语，指积累、增强，常与 confidence/strength/vocabulary 搭配 搭配：build up confidence（树立信心）、build up vocabulary（积累词汇）、build up strength（增强体力） 例句：Reading can help you build up your vocabulary.（阅读能帮你积累词汇。） 同义：increase, strengthen（增加；加强） 词形变换：build→built→built（过去式 / 过去分词） 4. actively /ˈæktɪvli/adv. 积极地 用法：副词，修饰动词，指主动、积极地做某事，常与 take part in/learn 搭配 搭配：actively learn（积极学习）、actively take part in（积极参加）、think actively（积极思考） 例句：We should actively ask questions in class.（我们应该在课堂上积极提问。） 同义：positively, enthusiastically（积极地；热情地） 词形变换：active adj.（积极的）→ activity n.（活动） 5. enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/adj. 有乐趣的；使人快乐的 用法：形容词，修饰事物，指令人愉快、有乐趣，常与 learning/time 搭配 搭配：enjoyable learning（愉快的学习）、enjoyable time（快乐时光）、enjoyable trip（愉快的旅行） 例句：Learning English with songs is very enjoyable.（用歌曲学英语很有乐趣。） 同义：pleasant, fun（愉快的；有趣的） 词形变换：enjoy v.（享受）→ enjoyment n.（乐趣） 6. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/n. 策略 用法：可数名词，指学习、做事的方法策略，常与 learning/study 搭配 搭配：learning strategy（学习策略）、study strategy（学习方法）、good strategy（好策略） 例句：Different students have different learning strategies.（不同的学生有不同的学习策略。） 同义：method, way（方法；方式） 词形变换：复数 strategies；strategic adj.（战略的） 7. put off /v. phrase 推迟；拖延 用法：固定短语，指推迟做某事，代词放中间，常与 doing/sth 搭配 搭配：put off doing sth（推迟做某事）、put off the plan（推迟计划）、never put off（绝不拖延） 例句：Never put off what you can do today until tomorrow.（今日事今日毕。） 同义：delay, postpone（推迟） 词形变换：put→put→put（过去式 / 过去分词） 8. correct /kəˈrekt/adj. 正确的；恰当的 v. 纠正 用法：形容词指答案、做法正确；动词指纠正错误，常与 answer/way/mistakes 搭配 搭配：correct answer（正确答案）、correct way（正确方法）、correct mistakes（纠正错误） 例句：Please write down the correct sentences in your notebook.（请把正确的句子写在笔记本上。） 同义：right, proper（正确的；恰当的） 词形变换：correctly adv.（正确地）；correction n.（纠正） 9. suggest /səˈdʒest/v. 建议；提议 用法：及物动词，后接 doing/that 从句（从句用 should + 动词原形），不接 to do，常与 advice/idea 搭配 搭配：suggest doing sth（建议做某事）、suggest a plan（提议计划）、suggest a way（建议方法） 例句：He suggests reading English every morning.（他建议每天早上读英语。） 同义：advise, propose（建议） 词形变换：suggestion n.（建议） 10. method /ˈmeθəd/n. 方法 用法：可数名词，指系统、科学的方法，常与 learning/study/good 搭配 搭配：learning method（学习方法）、good method（好方法）、scientific method（科学方法） 例句：Finding a right method is important for learning.（找到正确的方法对学习很重要。） 同义：way, means（方式；手段） 词形变换：复数 methods；methodical adj.（有条理的） 11. summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/v. 总结；概括 用法：动词，指概括文章、内容大意，常与 passage/text 搭配 搭配：summarize a passage（概括文章）、summarize the main idea（总结主旨） 例句：Can you summarize the story in three sentences?（你能用三句话概括这个故事吗？） 同义：conclude, generalize（总结；概括） 词形变换：summary n.（总结；概要） 12.What do you mean by that?:你这么说是什么意思？（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】(1)What do you mean by...? ...…是什么意思？ by后接名词性结构，如名词、名词短语或从句等。 What do you mean by"beauty"? “beauty”是什么意思？ What do you mean by coming here without calling first? 你没打招呼就来，是什么意思？ 【拓展】当用于询问单词意思时，“What do you mean by.?”可转换为“What's the meaning of....?”或“What does....mean?”。 What do you mean by this word? =What's the meaning of this word? =What does this word mean?这个单词是什么意思？ (2)mean〔及物动词) ①意思是 表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词语的意思所指，其后常接名词或宾语从句。 What do you mean? 你（的话）是什么意思？ You mean that you can't come tomorrow? 你的意思是你明天不能来了？ ②意味着 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 My new job will mean travelling all over the world. 我的新工作将意味着世界各地到处跑。 ③意欲；打算 mean to do sth意欲/打算做某事 I didn't mean to upset you. 我没想让你伤心。 【拓展】meaning〔名词)意义；意思the meaning of ..…的意思 The meaning of her words is clear. 她的话意思很清楚。 13.But you see,I started out at zero and came across problems..但你看，我是从零开始，遇到了很多问题。（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】(1)start out开始；起初 start out+时间/地点状语 在…...时间开始/从…...地点出发 start out as+身份/职业 以…...身份/职业开始 start out to do sth 开始做某事（表初始目标）；最初想要做某事 We started out at dawn for the mountain. 我们黎明出发去爬山。 He started out as a teacher before becoming a writer. 他起初是名教师，后来成为作家。 She started out to study medicine,but she changed her mind later. 她起初想学医，但后来改变了主意。 (2)come across (偶然)遇见；发现 通常用作及物动词短语，后面可以直接跟宾语，如人、物、信息等。 I came across Tom in the bookstore yesterday. 昨天我在书店偶然遇到了汤姆。 I came across an old photo of us while cleaning the bedroom. 打扫卧室时我偶然发现了一张我们的老照片。 14.I mean you just have to take things step by step.我的意思是，你必须循序渐进地来。(教材第24页，3a) 【详解】step by step逐步地；循序渐进地；此处用作方式状语。其中介词by表示连续或反复，意为“（一个）接着（一个）；（一个）又（一个）”。 I am not rushing things and I'm taking it step by step. 我没有急于求成，而是逐步推进。 Step by step,he knew the importance of it. 渐渐地，他知道了它的重要性。 【拓展】类似的短语： one by one一个接一个 word by word一个字一个字地 year by year年复一年，逐年 little by little一点一点，逐渐 15.Start simple and build up.从简单的事情开始，逐步积累。（教材第24页，3a) 【详解】build up ①增加；加强；表示增强或积累，强调渐进过程。 Regular exercise helps to build up strength. 定期镀炼有助于增强体力。 Exercise helps build up muscle strength. 锻炼有助于增强肌肉力量。 ②创建；表示逐步建立或开发。 He built up a successful business over the years. 他多年来逐步建立了一家成功的企业。 四．随堂训练 一、根据所给单词词根，按要求完成词性转换、派生词、反义词、单复数、时态变形。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. polite (adj.) ________ (副词) 2. polite (adj.) ________ (反义词，形容词) 3. safe (adj.) ________ (名词) 4. safe (adj.) ________ (反义词，形容词) 5. crowd (n.) ________ (形容词) 6. centre (n.) ________ (形容词) 7. easy (adj.) ________ (副词) 8. wonder (v.) ________ (形容词) 9. corner (n.) ________ (复数) 10. hang (v.) ________ (过去式) 11. speak (v.) ________ (过去式) 12. usual (adj.) ________ (副词) 【答案】1. politely2. impolite3. safety4. unsafe5. crowded6. central7. easily8. wonderful9. corners10. hung11. spoke12. usually 二、根据汉语提示填空 根据句意及汉语提示，用单词或短语的适当形式填空，注意时态、主谓一致与单复数变化。 1. Is there a clean ________ (洗手间) on this floor? 2. He ________ (想知道) where he can buy fresh flowers every morning. 3. There are many small shops on the ________ (角落) of the street. 4. It is ________ (安全的) to take the subway during rush hours. 5. We must speak to elders ________ (礼貌地) at all times. 6. My parents usually ________ (闲逛) in the park after dinner. 7. This big ________ (百货商店) sells all kinds of daily goods. 8. The ________ (中心的) square is always full of people on holidays. 9. The bank is on the ________ (左边) of the hospital. 10. She is good at ________ (请求) for help when she meets difficulties. 【答案】1. restroom2. wonders3. corner4. safe5. politely6. hang out7. department store8. central9. left10. asking 三、方框选词填空 从方框内选择合适单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 polite, safe, crowd, center, easy, wonder, cross, word, hang, shop It is important to learn how to ask for help in a new city. Many people find it not (1) ________ to find places without guidance. If you speak (2) ________ and use warm (3) ________, most people will be willing to help you. I live near the (4) ________ part of the city. There are lots of (5) ________ and cafes around. On weekends, the streets are very (6) ________. My friends and I often (7) ________ out there. When we (8) ________ the road, we always pay attention to our (9) ________. It is truly a (10) ________ place for relaxation. 【答案】1. easy2. politely3. words4. central5. shops6. crowded7. hang8. cross9. safety10. wonderful 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Asking for directions is (1) ________ useful life skill. When you arrive in (2) ________ new place, you may want to know how (3) ________ (get) to your destination. People are more likely (4) ________ (help) you if you are polite. It’s much (5) ________ (good) to say “Could you please...” than ask questions rudely. There is a big shopping mall near my school. It is not far (6) ________ my home. After school, many students enjoy (7) ________ (shop) there. It is quiet and (8) ________ (safety). It is also a perfect place (9) ________ (hang) out with classmates. Polite communication always makes our life (10) ________ (happy) than before. 【答案】1. a2. a3. to get4. to help5. better6. from7. shopping8. safe9. to hang10. happier Section B 一．单词学习 1.growth /ɡrəʊθ/ n. 成长；增加 2.mindset /ˈmaɪndset/ n. 观念模式 3.materials /məˈtɪəriəlz/ n. 材料 4.in part 在某种程度上；部分地 5.guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/ n. 指导 6.feedback /ˈfiːdbæk/ n. 反馈的意见 7.addition /əˈdɪʃn/ n. 添加；加法 8.in addition 另外；此外 9.resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源；资料 10.textbook /ˈtekstbʊk/ n. 教科书；课本 11.advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ n. 优势；优点 12. take advantage of 利用 13.efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃntli/ adv. 效率高地 14.valley /ˈvæli/ n. 山谷；溪谷 15.pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 发音；读音 16.click /klɪk/ v. (用鼠标或在触摸板上)点击；(使)发出咔嗒声 二．课文学习 Section B 1b How to Become a Successful Learner Everyone has the ability to learn. Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner. However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning. Studies show that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset. This means, in part, believing in yourself. It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges. People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve. Research also shows that practice is important for learning. The more we practise, the better we learn. We learn best by practising new and difficult things. Sometimes it is also important to get guidance from a teacher or a coach. They can show us the right way to practise and give us important feedback and advice. In addition, studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study. First, by being together, students can easily learn from each other. Second, students are challenged to do better by each other. This has been proven to encourage learner growth. Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find. In the 21st century, this means using new technology and resources, not just textbooks. Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely what and how you study. Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently. Finally, successful learners see learning as part of daily life. It is something they will do even after they leave school, even when they are old. As you continue on your learning journey, you should try to walk at your own speed and enjoy the trip. Never lose heart. The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and valleys, but it also has great treasure. You will find more joy in living a life with learning! 每个人都有学习的能力。学习科学的专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为成功的学习者。然而许多学生没有意识到这一点，他们在学习上遇到困难。 研究表明，成为成功学习者的第一个关键是拥有成长型思维。这在一定程度上意味着相信自己，还意味着设定目标、采取行动和迎接挑战。拥有成长型思维的人把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教会我们如何进步。 研究还表明，练习对学习很重要。我们练习得越多，学得越好。我们通过练习新且难的东西学得最好。有时得到老师或教练的指导也很重要。他们能向我们展示正确的练习方法，并给予重要的反馈和建议。 此外，研究表明，当学生与学习认真的其他学生在一起时，他们学得更多。首先，通过在一起，学生可以轻松地互相学习。其次，学生互相激励做得更好。这已被证明能促进学习者的成长。 成功的学习者还会使用他们能找到的最好的学习材料。在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和资源，而不仅仅是教科书。因为网上有那么多学习材料，仔细思考、明智地选择学什么和怎么学非常重要。利用最好的工具和资源，聪明高效地学习。 最后，成功的学习者把学习视为日常生活的一部分。即使离开学校后，甚至老了以后，他们也会继续学习。在你继续学习之旅时，你应该按自己的节奏走，享受旅途。永远不要灰心。前方的道路可能漫长，有许多高山和深谷，但那里也有巨大的宝藏。你会在终身学习的生活中找到更多快乐！ 三．课内知识解析 1. growth /ɡrəʊθ/n. 成长；增加 用法：不可数名词，指人的成长或数量的增长，常与 personal/study 搭配 搭配：personal growth（个人成长）、study growth（学习进步）、growth of knowledge（知识增长） 例句：Teachers care about our study and personal growth.（老师关心我们的学习和个人成长。） 同义：development, increase（发展；增长） 词形变换：grow v.（成长；生长） 2. mindset /ˈmaɪndset/n. 观念模式；心态 用法：可数名词，指思维方式、心态，常与 positive/learning 搭配 搭配：positive mindset（积极心态）、learning mindset（学习心态）、change one’s mindset（改变心态） 例句：A good learning mindset can help you make progress.（良好的学习心态能帮你进步。） 同义：mentality, attitude（心态；态度） 词形变换：mind（头脑）+set（设置）合成 3. in part adv. phrase 在某种程度上；部分地 用法：固定短语，用于句中，表部分原因或程度，常与 because of/due to 搭配 搭配：in part because（部分原因是）、succeed in part（部分成功） 例句：Our success is due in part to our good methods.（我们的成功部分归功于好方法。） 同义：partly, to some degree（部分地；在某种程度上） 4. guidance /ˈɡaɪdns/n. 指导 用法：不可数名词，指老师、长辈的指导，常与 under/give/teacher’s 搭配 搭配：under one’s guidance（在某人指导下）、give guidance（给予指导）、teacher’s guidance（老师的指导） 例句：We make progress under the guidance of our teacher.（我们在老师的指导下取得进步。） 同义：direction, instruction（指导；教导） 词形变换：guide v./n.（指导；向导） 5. addition /əˈdɪʃn/n. 添加；加法 用法：名词，指增加的人或物，也指数学加法，常与 in 搭配 搭配：in addition（另外）、in addition to（除…… 之外）、do addition（做加法） 例句：In addition, we should practice listening every day.（此外，我们应该每天练习听力。） 同义：increase, plus（增加；加） 词形变换：add v.（添加）；additional adj.（额外的） 6. in addition adv. phrase 另外；此外 用法：固定短语，用于句首，表补充说明，常与逗号隔开 搭配：in addition, ...（此外……）、in addition to sth（除某物之外） 例句：In addition, reading can improve our writing skills.（此外，阅读能提高我们的写作技能。） 同义：besides, moreover（此外；而且） 7. resource /rɪˈsɔːs/n. 资源；资料 用法：可数名词，指自然资源或学习资源，常与 learning/natural 搭配 搭配：learning resources（学习资源）、natural resources（自然资源）、use resources（利用资源） 例句：The library provides us with rich learning resources.（图书馆给我们提供丰富的学习资源。） 同义：material, supply（材料；供应） 词形变换：复数 resources 8. advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/n. 优势；优点 用法：可数名词，指有利条件、优点，反义词 disadvantage，常与 have/take 搭配 搭配：have an advantage（有优势）、advantage in learning（学习优势）、main advantage（主要优点） 例句：Reading aloud has many advantages in learning English.（大声朗读在学英语上有很多优点。） 同义：benefit, strength（益处；长处） 词形变换：disadvantage n.（缺点）；advantageous adj.（有利的） 9. take advantage of v. phrase 利用 用法：固定短语，指充分利用机会、资源等，常与 chance/time/resource 搭配 搭配：take advantage of time（利用时间）、take advantage of resources（利用资源）、take advantage of chance（抓住机会） 例句：We should take advantage of every chance to practice English.（我们应该利用每个机会练习英语。） 同义：make use of, utilize（利用） 10. efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃntli/adv. 效率高地 用法：副词，修饰动词，指高效地做事，常与 study/work/learn 搭配 搭配：study efficiently（高效学习）、work efficiently（高效工作）、learn efficiently（高效学习） 例句：Good methods help us learn English efficiently.（好方法帮我们高效学英语。） 同义：effectively, productively（有效地；高效地） 词形变换：efficient adj.（高效的）；efficiency n.（效率） 11. pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/n. 发音；读音 用法：不可数名词，指单词、语言的发音，常与 improve/good/bad 搭配 搭配：improve pronunciation（改善发音）、good pronunciation（好发音）、correct pronunciation（正确发音） 例句：Listening to tapes can improve our pronunciation.（听磁带能改善我们的发音。） 同义：accent（口音） 词形变换：pronounce v.（发音） 12. click /klɪk/v. (用鼠标或在触摸板上) 点击；(使) 发出咔嗒声 用法：动词，指点击电子设备，也可指咔嗒响，常与 mouse/button 搭配 搭配：click the mouse（点击鼠标）、click the button（点击按钮）、click away（不停点击） 例句：Click here to download the learning materials.（点击这里下载学习资料。） 同义：tap, press（轻击；按压） 词形变换：复数 clicks；过去式 clicked 13.Have a growth mindset to learning.对学习拥有成长型观念模式。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】growth〔名词〕成长；增加 have a growth mindset 拥有成长型观念模式 Plants need sunlight for healthy growth. 植物需要阳光才能健康生长。 Economic growth brings more jobs. 经济增长带来更多工作岗位。 14.Use learning materials wisely.明智地使用学习材料。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】wisely〔副词〕明智地；聪明地；其形容词形式是wise(聪明的；有智慧的)。 Life is a gift,so use it wisely. 生命是一种馈赠，所以要明智地使用它。 15.Everyone has the ability to learn.人人都有学习能力。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】 the ability to do sth做某事的能力 have the ability to do sth有能力做某事 In our culture,the ability to make one's own decisions is important.在我们的文化中，自己做决定的能力是重要的。 She has the ability to learn languages quickly. 她具备快速学习语言的能力。 16.However,many students do not realize this,and they have trouble learning. 然而，许多学生并没有意识到这一点，他们在学习中遇到了困难。（教材第26页，1b) have trouble(in)doing sth做某事有麻烦困难 同义短语为have problems/difficulty(in)doing sth We have trouble getting to the mountain village before dark. 天黑前我们到达那个山村有困难。 She has no problem(in)singing the song. 她唱这首歌没问题。 【拓展】have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth在某事/方面有困难 I have trouble with my homework. 我做家庭作业有困难。 17.Studies show that the first key to be-coming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset..研究表明，成为成功学习者的第一个关键在于拥有成长型观念模式。(教材第26页，1b) 【详解】key〔可数名词) ①关键；要诀通常用于单数。 the key to.… …...的关键/要诀 The key to success is preparation成功的关键是准备。 ②钥匙其复数形式为keys。the key to.……的钥匙 The keys are Tom's. 这些钥匙是汤姆的。 This is the key to this door. 这是这个门的钥匙。 ③答案 Here're the keys to the exercise. 这是练习题的答案 18.This means,in part,believing in yourself.这在某种程度上意味着要相信自己。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】(1)in part在某种程度上；部分地通常作为副词短语使用，可用在句首、句中或句末 Her success depends in part on her hard work. 她的成功在某种程度上取决于她的努力。 He was responsible for the failure,but only in pat. 他对失败负有责任，但只是部分原因。 (2)辨析：believe in sb与believe sb believe in sb 信任某人 表达对某人本身的信任，包括对其品格、能力等方面的肯定。 believe sb 相信某人(说的话) 侧重于相信某人所说的话是真实的。 We all believe in our teacher. 我们都信任我们的老师。 Don't believe him;he always tells lies. 别相信他的话，他总是撒谎。 19.People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning,as they teach us how to improve,持有成长型观念模式的人把错误视为学习的机会，因为它们教会我们如何进步。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】see...as... 把…...视为…...；把…...看作…... 表示将某人或某物视为特定的身份、角色或属性。 I see him as a reliable friend. 我把他看作是一个可靠的朋友。 You can see this problem as a challenge. 你可以把这个问题看作是一个挑战。 20.The more we practise,the better we learn.我们练习得越多，学得就越好。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】the+比较级…，the+比较级，越…...就越…... The more you learn,the more you know. 你学得越多，懂得就越多。 The earlier children learn to look after them-selves,the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会照顾自己，对他们的未来就越好。 21.In addition,studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about study.此外，研究表明，当学生与其他认真对待学习的学生相处时，他们会学到更多。（教材第26页，1b) 【详解】(1)in addition另外；此外；通常置于句首，后接逗号，引出补充信息。相当于besides或furthermore We need more time.In addition,we need better resources. 我们需要更多时间，另外，还需要更好的资源。 【拓展】“in addition to+名词/动词-ing形式” 意为“除…...之外（还）”。 He's talented in addition to being hard-working. 他不仅勤奋，而且有才华。 (2)addition〔名词)添加；加法 The addition of a garden made the house more attractive . 花园的增添让房子更吸引人。 Children learn addition and subtraction in first grade. 孩子们一年级时学习加减法。 (3)hang out闲逛 此时hang的过去式、过去分词均为hung。 注意：hang out没有被动语态 hang out with sb 和某人一起消磨时光 We just hung out at the mall all afternoon. 我们整个下午都在商场闲逛。 He often hangs out with his friends. 他经常和朋友们一起闲逛。 (4)be serious about认真对待 其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，相当于take...seriously。其中serious用作形容词，意为“严肃的；认真的”。 You must be serious about the examination.=You must take the examination seriously.你必须认真对待这次考试。 22.Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.利用最佳工具和资源，明智且高效地学习。(教材第27页，1b) 【详解】(1)advantage〔可数名词〕优势；优点；反义词为disadvantage(缺点；不利条件)。 the advantage of …...的优点 take advantage of 利用 It has more advantages than disadvantages. 这件事利大于弊。 We must accept our failure and learn to take advantage of it. 我们必须接受自己的失败并学会利用它。 (2)efficiently〔副词)效率高地其比较级是more efficiently,最高级是most efficiently The team efficiently solved the problem and achieved their goal. 团队高效地解决了问题并实现了目标。 Nowadays,AI works more efficiently than traditional methods.如今，人工智能的工作效率比传统方法更高。 【拓展】efficient （形容词) 效率高的 其比较级是more efficient(更高效的)，最高级是most efficient(最高效的)。 This machine is efficient. 这台机器效率高 We need to find a more efficient method. 我们需要找到一种更高效的方法。 23.As you continue on your learning journey,you should try to walk at your own speed and enjoy the trip.在继续你的学习之旅时，你应该尽力以自己的速度前行，并享受这段旅程。（教材第27页，1b) 【详解】辨析：try to do sth与try doing sth try to do sth 尽力做某事 表示想尽一切办法做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 表示试着做做看 He tried to carry the box. 他尽力搬起这个箱子。 The man tried repairing the machine. 这名男子试着修理这台机器 24.The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and valleys but it also has great treasure.你前方的道路或许漫长，或许有许多高山和峡谷，但同样蕴藏着巨大的宝藏。（教材第27页，1b) 【详解】辨析：may be与maybe may be 可能是 “情态动词may+动词原形be”,在句中作谓语 maybe 或许；大概；可能 副词，作状语，常位于句首 You may be right.=Maybe you are right. 你可能是对的。 四．随堂训练 一、单词变形 根据所给词根，横向完成对应词形转换，并熟记词性词义。 1. direct (adj. 直接的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (adj. 间接的、反义词) 2. polite (adj. 礼貌的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (n. 礼貌) / ________ (adj. 不礼貌的、反义词) 3. correct (adj. 正确的) —— ________ (adv.) / ________ (adj. 错误的、反义词) 4. crowd (n. 人群) —— ________ (adj. 拥挤的) / ________ (adj. 不拥挤的、反义词) 5. expense (n. 花费) —— ________ (adj. 昂贵的) / ________ (adj. 便宜的、反义词) 6. suggest (v. 建议) —— ________ (n. 建议) 7. choose (v. 选择) —— ________ (n. 选择) / ________ (n. 复数) 8. speak (v. 说、讲) —— ________ (n. 演讲) / ________ (n. 口语、说话) 9. influence (v./n. 影响) —— ________ (adj. 有影响力的) 10. smooth (adj. 顺畅的) —— ________ (adv. 顺畅地) 【答案】1. directly (adv. 直接地) / indirect (adj. 间接的) 2. politely (adv. 礼貌地) / politeness (n. 礼貌) / impolite (adj. 不礼貌的) 3. correctly (adv. 正确地) / incorrect (adj. 错误的) 4. crowded (adj. 拥挤的) / uncrowded (adj. 不拥挤的) 5. expensive (adj. 昂贵的) / inexpensive (adj. 便宜的) 6. suggestion (n. 建议) 7. choice (n. 选择) / choices (n. 复数) 8. speech (n. 演讲) / speaking (n. 口语) 9. influential (adj. 有影响力的) 10. smoothly (adv. 顺畅地) 二、根据汉语提示填空 根据句意及汉语提示，用单词或短语的适当形式填空。 1. It is ________ (不礼貌的) to shout at people in public. 2. My friend gave me several useful ________ (建议) about English speaking. 3. Can you tell me the ________ (直接的) way to the underground station? 4. Teenagers should learn to make their own ________ (选择). 5. Parents’ words and behaviors have a strong ________ (影响) on kids. 6. Please write down all the sentences ________ (正确地). 7. This dress is beautiful and ________ (不贵的), so I decide to buy it. 8. He practices public ________ (演讲) every weekend. 9. The park is ________ (不拥挤的) on cold winter days. 10. We need to learn how ________ (表达) ourselves politely. 【答案】1. impolite2. suggestions3. direct4. choices5. influence6. correctly7. inexpensive8. speeches9. uncrowded 10. to express 三、方框选词填空 从方框中选择合适单词，并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 direct, polite, correct, suggest, choice, crowd, expensive, speak, influence, express Many people like speaking (1) ________ because it saves time. However, being too straightforward may sound rude. Being (2) ________ is the key to good communication. When you talk with others, you should try your best (3) ________ your thoughts (4) ________. Teachers always (5) ________ that students should make right word (6) ________ in different occasions. Our speaking habits will (7) ________ our social relationships. During holidays, most scenic spots become extremely (8) ________ and local goods are usually (9) ________. Therefore, mastering proper (10) ________ skills is very important for every student. 【答案】1. directly2. polite3. to express4. correctly5. suggest6. choices7. influence8. crowded9. expensive10. speaking 四、语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 Polite speaking is (1) ________ important social skill for teenagers. It makes (2) ________ great difference to our daily life. In fact, indirect questions are (3) ________ (polite) than direct ones. If you want someone (4) ________ (help) you, you’d better use soft sentences. It is much better (5) ________ using rude and short sentences. Our teacher often suggests we (6) ________ (keep) practicing spoken English. Different situations require different (7) ________ (speak) styles. Don’t talk loudly in (8) ________ (crowd) places, or you will end up (9) ________ (influence) others. Polite communication will make our life much (10) ________ (smooth). 【答案】1.an2. a3. more polite4. to help5. than6. keep7. speaking8. crowded9. influencing10. smoother 综合训练 一．完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It can be hard to achieve success if you don’t have a good study space. Most students usually study in their 1 after school or on weekends. However, it may not be easy for them to study 2 there. So, how can you avoid distractions (使人分心的事) when you are supposed to be studying hard? If you want to stay focused, you must keep your desk organized and your room 3 . No matter how small your bedroom is, it will feel larger 4 everything is in its place, and that will help you view it as a workplace. Studying at home all day doesn’t mean staying in your pyjamas (睡衣). When you 5 , you can have a shower and get dressed as if you plan to study in the library. That will put you in the right state of mind 6 a day’s work. Make a study plan and follow it strictly. 7 when to study and when to take breaks. In this way, you can better 8 your time and stay focused on your tasks. Take a break and get out every few hours. You don’t have to do much exercise, but at least walk around the neighbourhood for fifteen 9 . Then you’ll be able to pay more attention to your studies. Creating a good study environment is 10 for everyone. Follow these tips to create your study space and develop habits for better learning results. 1．A．bedrooms B．kitchens C．classrooms D．bathrooms 2．A．simply B．suddenly C．seriously D．proudly 3．A．warm B．safe C．lively D．tidy 4．A．because B．if C．though D．until 5．A．get up B．grow up C．set off D．put off 6．A．in B．on C．for D．of 7．A．Decide B．Discuss C．Describe D．Promise 8．A．lose B．break C．waste D．manage 9．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．weeks 10．A．impossible B．interesting C．important D．difficult 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何创造良好的学习环境，包括保持房间整洁、着装正式、制定计划及适当休息，以提高学习效率。 【详解】1．句意：大多数学生放学后或周末通常在卧室学习。 根据后文“No matter how small your bedroom is”提示，可知此处指卧室，bedrooms“卧室”，符合语境。kitchens“厨房”；classrooms“教室”；bathrooms“浴室”，均不符合学生在家学习的常规场所。 2．句意：然而，在那里认真学习可能不容易。 根据后文“avoid distractions”可知需克服分心认真学习，seriously“认真地”，符合语境。simply“简单地”；suddenly“突然地”；proudly“骄傲地”，均无法体现克服分心努力学习的状态。 3．句意：如果你想保持专注，你就必须保持书桌有序，房间整洁。 根据“keep your desk organized”并列关系，可知房间也需整洁，tidy“整洁”，符合语境。warm“温暖”；safe“安全”；lively“活泼”，均与“organized”构不成并列的整洁含义。 4．句意：无论你的卧室空间有多小，如果每样东西都归位，房间会感觉更大。 根据“will feel”可知此处表条件关系，if“如果”，符合逻辑。because“因为”；though“虽然”；until“直到”，均不符合条件状语从句的逻辑关系。 5．句意：当你起床时，洗个澡穿好衣服，就好像计划去图书馆学习。 根据“have a shower and get dressed”生活场景，可知是起床后，get up“起床”，符合语境。grow up“长大”；set off“出发”；put off“推迟”，均不符合起床洗漱的生活场景。 6．句意：那会让你进入 为 一天工作做准备的正确心态。 此处表示目的，为了一天的工作，for“为了”，符合语境。in“在……里”；on“在……上”；of“……的”，均无法表达为工作做准备的目的关系。 7．句意：决定何时学习何时休息。 根据“Make a study plan”可知需决定时间安排，Decide“决定”，符合语境。Discuss“讨论”；Describe“描述”；Promise“承诺”，均不符合制定计划时的决策动作。 8．句意：这样，你就能更好地安排自己的时间，并专注于你的任务。 根据“Make a study plan”可知目的是管理时间，manage“管理”，符合语境。lose“失去”；break“打破”；waste“浪费”，与“time”搭配时，都不符合提高效率的语境。 9．句意：你不必进行大量的运动，但至少要在周边区域走一走，持续十五分钟。 根据“Take a break”常识，休息十五分钟合理，minutes“分钟”，符合逻辑。seconds“秒”；hours“小时”；weeks“周”，均不符合短暂休息的常识。 10．句意：创造良好学习环境对每个人都很重要。 根据全文主旨强调学习环境的好处，可知很重要，important“重要的”，符合语境。impossible“不可能”；interesting“有趣”；difficult“困难”，均不符合文章强调学习环境价值的基调。 二．阅读理解 We recycle (回收利用) rubbish, so why not language? Recycling language means using vocabulary (词汇) that you have learned before again and again. However, unlike rubbish that piles up (堆积) in our environment, if we do not recycle language, we simply forget it. So how do you recycle language? There are basically three ways to do it. The first is through reading. Go back to your favorite articles and read them once more. Just reread them and do not worry about each vocabulary item. If there are some that you are not sure about, make a guess and you will probably guess right. The second way to recycle is through writing. Look at some of your favorite articles and write either a short paragraph or a few sentences in your own words. After you have done this a few times, go back and read through what you have written, checking vocabulary functions. Don’t worry if you have made mistakes. You should learn from your mistakes. The third way to recycle language is by having a chat with yourself about your favorite articles at home. You can pretend there is someone with you who speaks English and tell him what you are thinking about or how you feel. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．According to the passage, recycling language means ________. A．using less vocabulary B．writing vocabulary over and over again C．learning more new vocabulary D．using vocabulary that we have learned very often 12．If we recycle language, it may ________. A．be kept in our mind B．be forgotten easily C．pile up in our environment D．disappear from our mind soon 13．When you were writing a short paragraph, if you made a mistake, you should ________. A．correct it at once B．learn from it C．be worried about it D．forget about it 14．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in recycling language? A．Reading. B．Listening. C．Writing. D．Speaking. 15．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．How to recycle rubbish? B．The differences between recycling language and rubbish. C．Three ways to recycle language. D．Why should we recycle language? 【答案】11．D 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了语言也可以像垃圾一样循环复用，阐述了循环运用语言的必要性，并介绍了重复阅读、仿写写作、自言自语口述这三种复用所学语言词汇的具体方法。         【详解】11．根据文章第一段第二句“Recycling language means using vocabulary that you have learned before again and again.”可知，语言回收意味着反复使用以前学过的词汇。选项D与此意相符， 12．根据文章第一段第三句“...if we do not recycle language, we simply forget it.”可知，如果不反复运用语言就会忘记它；反之，如果反复运用语言，词汇就能被记住。选项A“被保持在脑海中” 符合逻辑。 13．根据文章第三段最后一句“Don’t worry if you have made mistakes. You should learn from your mistakes.”可知，写作犯错时不要担心，应该从错误中学习。 14．通读全文，第二段提到“The first is through reading.” (阅读)，第三段提到“The second way... is through writing.” (写作)，第四段提到“having a chat with yourself... tell him...” (口语交流)。文中未提及Listening (听力) 这一方式。 15．文章第一段引出 “语言回收” 的话题并提出有三种方法，随后第二、三、四段分别详细介绍了这三种方法（阅读、写作、自语）。因此文章主要讲的是回收语言的三种方式。 三．语法填空 I’m good at all my lessons now. But one 16 (year) ago, my English was bad. My English teacher Mr Wu gave me some advice. Mr Wu told me that reciting (背诵) English words is the 17 (one) step of learning English well. He asked me to remember eight or ten words 18 day. He asked me to write them on pieces 19 paper and place (放置) them in my bedroom or living room. Read the words when I see them and change them often. Mr Wu also asked me to watch TV and listen to radio programs as much as 20 (me) can. He said it was a good way 21 (improve) my English, because I enjoyed myself when I was 22 (watch) or listening. He asked me not to think about all the new words when I finished a song or a film. He asked me to talk about it with my friends and say 23 I like or dislike about it. I just relaxed and 24 (enjoy) it. I did as the teacher told me. My English 25 (be) better now. 【答案】16．year 17．first 18．a 19．of 20．I 21．to improve 22．watching 23．what 24．enjoyed 25．is 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者过去英语不好，在吴老师的建议下，通过背单词、看英文电视节目和听广播等方法，最终提高了英语水平的经历。 【详解】16．句意：但是一年前，我的英语很差。根据空前“one”和空后的“ago”可知，这里表示“一年前”，需要用名词year的单数形式。 17．句意：吴老师告诉我背诵英语单词是学好英语的第一步。空前有定冠词"the"，表示顺序，需用序数词。one的序数词为first。 18．句意：他让我每天记八个或十个单词。根据句意，这里表示“每天”，需要用不定冠词a来表示“每一”。故填a。 19．句意：他让我把单词写在几张纸上。“几张纸”为固定搭配pieces of paper，介词of表示所属关系。 20．句意：吴老师还让我尽可能多地看电视和听广播节目。“as much as one can”是固定搭配，意为“尽可能多地……”。主语是“me”，对应的主格人称代词是I。 21．句意：他说这是提高我英语的好方法，因为我在看或听的时候很享受。a good way to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事的好方法”，动词不定式作后置定语。故填 to improve。 22．句意：他说这是提高我英语的好方法，因为我在看或听的时候很享受。根据空前的“was”可知，这里表示过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，watch需变为现在分词形式。 23．句意：和朋友谈论它，说出我喜欢或不喜欢的地方。say后接宾语从句，从句中about缺宾语，需用what引导，表示“……的内容”。故填what。 24．句意：我只是放松并享受它。and连接两个并列谓语，与relaxed（过去式）并列，enjoy也需用过去式。故填enjoyed。 25．句意：我的英语现在更好了。now表示现在，主语My English为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is。 四．任务型阅读 请阅读下面的非连续性文本，根据语篇内容完成所给任务，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 A skill, the ability to do something well, can be completely learned and improved through practice. It covers fun personal abilities and practical daily abilities. For example, it can be something like learning to cook, laying the table, loading and emptying the dishwasher, brushing your shoes or putting away clean clothes. These are skills that you will probably use throughout your life, when you’re a grown-up. There are also lots of skills you can try and connect with your interests, including learning a musical instrument, playing a sport or learning arts or crafts. You can begin with thinking about what you enjoy doing or what you’d like to try. ▲ Keep practicing every day. Practice makes perfect. Set clear mini-goals step by step. Learn patiently and don’t give up easily. Ask others for advice when you meet difficulties. Learn from books or online lessons properly. When picking up a new skill, you can look for local public organizations and classes or see if your school is doing any new after-school activities. You don’t always have to learn a new skill with others, though. If you are probably uncomfortable getting people around you, why not step into the library to get a book and find some inspirations or look online for suggestions to master something new? As the summer holiday is coming, some students may think about learning a skill to enrich their life. What do people think of their choices? Here are some voices. Wu Pei, a student, 15 Wang Yuhao, an AI technology worker, 33 Learning new skills can greatly improve my learning and thinking abilities. When I explore new things, I learn to plan, practice and work out problems on my own. It also encourages creativity, which is very important for my next senior school studies and future life. Besides, I need to learn how to cooperate with others in real life situation. In the fast-changing world, learning new skills makes people actively face or follow the change. For young people, picking up skills like basic coding (编程) or digital design early can open more doors in the future. It also helps them understand how hi-tech products work and stay curious about the world around them. Cao Yantao, a parent, 42 Cheng Bing, a psychologist, 51 I think learning new skills is good for children’s all-round development. It not only lets them discover their interests but also helps them become more independent. When they learn to cook or fix small things by themselves, they feel proud and learn to take responsibility. These skills will benefit them for a lifetime. The mental health benefits of learning a new skill for children are huge. A number of different studies show that learning new skills can boost confidence, build independence, reduce stress and lead to positive behavior. When learning new things, people can feel happy and less worried. It is like doing exercise for our brain. Never fear challenges while learning. Every new skill you learn will bring out the best in you and equip you with more possibilities and opportunities. 26．Which skill is a practical daily ability, “laying the table” or “learning a musical instrument”? 27．According to the passage, where can people pick up a new skill with others? 28．Fill in ▲ with no more than 7 words. 29．What ideas do Cao Yantao and Cheng Bing have in common about learning new skills? 30．Which new skill will you choose to learn during your holiday? Why? 【答案】26．Laying the table. 27．In local public organizations and classes or at school. 28．Suggestions/Advice/Tips to master a new skill/something new./How to master/learn a new skill? 29．(They both think) learning new skills can build independence./It can help students become more independent. 30．Basic coding./Computing. This basic skill of AI is necessary and helpful for me to leap into the field in which I will create my own robot in the future./Because I’m interested in high technology products and it can help me to discover the secrets of them./Because it can open more doors for me in the future. I want to learn to cook simple but delicious meals. Because I want to serve my parents with healthy meals during this summer holiday to thank their selfless and endless love./If I learn to cook, I can look after myself, which develops my independence./Because I want to take responsibility. I will choose to play the erhu. Because as a folk music fan, I expect to experience and perform those classical songs by erhu masters in person./I feel completely relaxed and connected with musicians when playing the erhu./Because it can reduce my stress. 【导语】本文是一篇非连续性文本，主要讲述了技能的定义、学习技能的建议方法、获取技能的途径以及不同人群对学习新技能的看法。 【详解】26．第一段“For example, it can be something like learning to cook, laying the table… These are skills that you will probably use throughout your life… practical daily abilities.”明确指出摆桌子属于实用的日常能力。故填Laying the table. 27．第三段“When picking up a new skill, you can look for local public organizations and classes or see if your school is doing any new after-school activities.”点明人们可以在当地的公共组织和课程或自己学校与他人一起学习技能。故答案可以整合为In local public organizations and classes or at school. 28．根据文中第一个表格内容“Keep practicing every day… Set clear mini-goals… Learn patiently…”可知，该部分主要介绍学习新技能的方法或建议。故可以填Suggestions/Advice/Tips to master a new skill/something new.或How to master/learn a new skill? 29．根据文中第二个表格Cao Yantao部分的“helps them become more independent”和Cheng Bing部分的“build independence”可知，两人都认为学习新技能有助于培养独立性。故答案可以整合为(They both think) learning new skills can build independence.或It can help students become more independent. 30．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。既可以选择文中提到的技能，也可以结合自己的生活选择一技能，说明想学的原因且言之有理即可。 $