Unit 3 My hometown-【专项训练】初中英语词汇必备手册（译林版·新教材）

初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 Unit 3 M kilometre /kI'lpmita(r)/n.AmE kilometer)千米：The London Underground has402 kilometres of tracks.(陕西中考) 伦敦地铁有402千米长的轨道。 wonder/'wAnda(r)/n.①奇迹，奇观： 七 The Great Wall is one of the great wonders in the world..长城是世界上的伟 级 下 大奇迹之一。@惊奇：She has a childlike sense of wonder.她有一种孩子般的好 奇心。 拓展 联wonderful adj.令人惊奇的；精 彩的 Olympic/'mpk/adj.奥林匹克运 动会的：The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥运会每四年举办 一次。 object/'obd3kt/■n.①物品，东西： Signs in the zoo warn people not to feed the animals or throw objects..动物园里 的告示牌告诫人们不要给动物喂食或扔 东西。②目的：The object of the game is to improve children's language skills. 项游戏的目的在于提高儿童的语言技能。 ■v.反对：If nobody objects,we'll put off the meeting till next week.如果没人 反对，我们会把会议推迟到下周。 街拓展 联objection n.反对‖objective n. 目标；目的adj.客观的 7 hometown past/past/■n.过去：Writing letters to Susan seems to be a thing of the past. 写信给苏珊好像已是昔日的事情了。 ■adj.从前的，过去的：These things happened in the past years.这些事情都 发生在过去的年代里。■prep.①（表示 时间)迟于，晚于；在…之后：Dancing was kept up till past two..舞会一直开到 两点以后。@多于；超过：It is past my ability.这超出了我的能力范围。■adu. 经过：A car ran past at full speed.一辆汽 车以全速驶过。 present/'preznt,/n.①现在：At present, we're gathering information from all sources.目前，我们正在从所有来源收集 信息。②礼物：Different people have different answers-doing well at school, being picked to play in a sports team or receiving the birthday present you wanted. (齐齐哈尔中考)不同的人有不同的答 案—在学校表现良好，被选人运动队， 或者收到你想要的生日礼物。 shall/小jol/modal v.(表示提出或征求 意见)；将要，将会：We shall meet at the gate at eight o'clock.我们将于八点钟在 大门口集合。 拓展 注(1)shall用于第二、第三人称时， 表示说话人给对方的命令或建议。如： You shall not enter without permission. 2 未经允许，不得人内。He shall appear in court on the appointed day..他应在指定 日期出庭。 (2)Shall we...?意为“我们…好 吗？”，shall在疑问句中常用于提出建议或 征询对方的意见，后接动词原形。如：Shall we go to Mount Huang this summer? 个夏天我们去黄山好吗？与其意思相近 的表达有：What/How about going to Mount Huang this summer?这个夏天去 黄山怎么样？Why not/Why don't you go to Mount Huang this summer??这个夏天为什 么不去黄山呢？Let's go to Mount Huang this summer..这个夏天我们去黄山吧。 *attract/trekt/t.招引；吸引： What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people?(扬州中考)吸 引了这些人的中国文化有什么魅力？ capital/'kaeprtl/n.首都，首府：The streets of the new capital are so straight and so wide.(安徽中考)新首都的街道又 直又宽。 show sb.around(..)领某人参观 (某地)：Let me show you around..让我来 带你们转转吧。 0nce/wans/adu.曾经：This book was well-known once,but nobody reads it today.这本书曾经名噪一时，但现在却无 人问津。 palace/'paels/n.宫殿：We drove through the palace gates.我们驱车驶过 重重宫门。 围搭配 Palace Museum故宫博物院‖ 七年级下册·Unit3 mperial Palace故官‖Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫‖Potala Palace布达拉宫‖royal palace皇宫 emperor/'empara(r)/n,皇帝：HNe had implicit faith in the noble intentions of the Emperor.他对皇帝的崇高旨意笃信 不疑。 ancient/einJant/adi.古代的：The queen was enthroned in an ancient city. 女王在一座古老的城市登基。 treasure/'tre3a(r)/n.珍宝，珍品；财 年级下 富：The treasure is under the ground in front of the third tree on the left.宝藏在 左边第三棵树前面的地下。 inside/in'sad/adw.在（向）里面（见P4) w0rth/w3d/adj.①值得，有价值： That novel is not worth reading.那部小 说不值得一读。②值…钱：How much is this house worth?这栋房子值多少钱？ 球搭配 be worth doing sth.…某事值得被 做：The question is not worth discussing again and again..这个问题不值得反复 讨论。 球拓展 辩worthy&worthwhile (1)worthy可作定语，也可作表语。 作定语时意为“有价值的；值得尊敬的”； 作表语时意为“值得…的；应得到… 的”，其后接of(doing)sth.或to do sth.。 如：That is worthy of notice..那件事不容 忽视。This problem is worthy to be considered.这个问题值得考虑。另外需 注意：worthy of后面通常接被动式的动 初中英语词汇必备手册Y江版 名词形式。如：The second-hand house is worthy of being bought.-The second-hand house is worth buying,这二 手房值得买。 (2)worthwhile也既可作定语，又可 作表语。一般用来表示某事因重要、有趣 或受益大而值得花时间、金钱或努力去 做，意为“值得的；值得做的；有意义的”。 worthwhile用作表语时，后接动名词或 动词不定式。如：Helping old people is a 年 worthwhile activity.帮助老人是一项有 下 价值的活动。The Summer Palace is worthwhile going/to go to have a visit. 颐和园值得一游。 be well worth很值得：This restaurant is well worth a visit..这个餐馆很值得一去。 visitor/'vzta(r)/n.游客，来访者： Thousands of visitors from all over the world visit the Great Wall every day. 天都有数千名来自世界各地的旅游者参 观长城。 raising/'rezn/n.①升高：Raising the flag every Monday is a tradition at our school.每周一升国旗是我们学校的传 统。②增加：The raising of the difficulty in the PE test worried some students. 育测试难度的增加让一些学生感到担心。 national/naefnal/adj.国家的：It made the headlines in the national newspapers. 成了全国性报刊的头条。 flag/laeg/n.a旗：The Chinese flag proudly waved in the wind.中国国旗在风中骄傲 地飘扬。 square/skwe3(r)/n.①正方形：The teacher drew a square on the blackboard. 老师在黑板上画了一个正方形。②广场： The city's central square is always bustling with people..这座城市的中心广 场总是人来人往。 side/sard/n.一侧，一边：We came to the other side of the lake.我们来到湖的 对岸。 courtyard/'k-:tja:d/n.庭院，天井： They walked through the arch and into the cobbled courtyard.他们穿过拱门，走 进铺着鹅卵石的庭院。 taste/teist/n.①体验，尝试：Travelling to different countries gives you a taste of different cultures..到不同的国家旅行让 你领略不同的文化。②味道：I like the taste of wine.我喜欢葡萄酒的味道。 opera/'opro/n.歌剧：Why not visit our local theatre and enjoy Beijing opera? 为什么不去我们本地的剧院欣赏京剧呢？ local/1ookl/■adj.当地的，地方的： The local people are very friendly.当地 人非常友好。■n.本地人：The cafe is popular with both locals and visitors. 家咖啡馆很受当地人和游客的欢迎。 宽拓展 联locally n.局部地；地方性地 theatre /'0rata(r)/n.(AmE theater) 院，剧场：We shouldn't talk loudly in the theatre.我们不应该在剧院里大声喧哗。 ★interest/'ntrast/n.①吸引力，趣 昧：These plants will add interest to your garden in winter..这些植物在冬季会给你 的花园增添趣味。②兴趣：They share a common interest in watching movies. 们都爱看电影。 搭配 have/show(an)interest in sth.对某 事物有/表现出兴趣‖take an interest in sth.对某事物产生兴趣‖lose interest in sth.对某事物失去兴趣 围拓展 注interesting是形容词，意为“有趣 的”，interested也是形容词，意为“感兴趣 的”。以-ing结尾的形容词通常表示事物 本身的特性，一般用于修饰物，如 surprising,interesting,exciting,boring, amazing等；而以-ed结尾的形容词则通常 表示人对某事物的感受，一般用于修饰 人，如surprised,interested,excited, bored,amazed等。如：More interesting, there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in changing their name to Elizabeth at that time.更有趣的是，那时 有上百个加拿大人表示有兴趣把名字改 为伊丽莎白。 place of interest n.名胜：The Great Wall is one of the most famous places of interest in China..长城是中国最知名的 名胜古迹之一。 plan/plen/n.计划，打算（见P1) ★form/fom/n.①类型，种类；形式： There are different forms of exercise, such as yoga and swimming.有不同形式 的锻炼，比如瑜伽、游泳。②表格：Heis filling in a form.他正在填写一张表格。 date from追溯到，始于：This ancient 七年级下册·Unit3 temple dates from the Tang Dynasty. 座古庙始建于唐朝。 outside/iaut'sard/prep.在（向）…外 面（见P27) shopkeeper/Jppki:pa(r)/n.店主：I paid the shopkeeper 10 yuan for the book.我向店主付了十元钱买这本书。 smile/smal/■v.①微笑：“OK,I'm sorry too,"said Andy and they all smiled. (河南中考)“好吧，我也很抱款，”安迪说， 七 他们都笑了。g微笑着说：Mary smiled 级 her thanks..玛丽笑着表示了她的谢意。 ■n.微笑，笑容：When Mrs Lin saw 册 this,a big smile appeared on her face. (河北中考)林太太看到这一幕，脸上露出 了灿烂的笑容。 sandwich/'scenwr;'saenwid3/n.三明 治：I made a delicious sandwich with ham,lettuce,and tomato for lunch today.我今天午餐用火腿、生菜和番茄做 了一个美味的三明治。 above/a'bav/■prep.①在（或向）… 上面：The moon is now above the trees.. 月亮正位于树梢上。The water came above our knees..水淹过了我们的膝盖。 ②（数量、水平、年龄等）大于；超过；高 于：The temperature is above32℃.温度 在32摄氏度以上。■adv.在（或向）上 面：The passage above may come from a book website.(齐齐哈尔中考)上面的文 章可能来自一个图书网站。There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皑皑的 群峰。■adj.(只用于名词前)上述的： The above four notices are all about the pets.上述四则启事都与宠物有关。 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 团搭配 ①above all最重要的是，尤其是： Above all,you should often let the doctor check your eyesight..(齐齐哈尔中 考)最重要的是，你应该经常让医生检查 你的视力。 ②above yourself自高自大；妄自尊 大：I just think you're getting a little bit above yourself.我只是觉得你变得有点 自视过高。 七 ③over and above此外，另外：There 级 are other factors over and above those we 册 have discussed.除了我们所讨论的之外， 还有其他因素。 leaf/Iif/n.(pl.leaves)叶子：When you're out,breathe in fresh air,hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods.(扬州中 考)当你外出时，呼吸新鲜空气，听到脚下 树叶噼啪作响，在树林里寻找绝妙的鸟类 和植物。 Wave/weIv/■v.①飘动，摇晃：Her hair waves naturally..她的头发自然地飘 动。②挥手：Why did you wave at him? 你为什么向他招手？■n.①挥手：He gave us a wave as the bus drove off..公共 汽车开走时，他向我们挥手。②波浪： Children are playing in the waves.孩子 们在波浪中嬉戏。 *roof/ruf/n.屋顶：The roof rests on a number of columns.这屋顶由数根圆柱 支撑着。 cage/kerd3/n.笼子：The lion was kept in a large cage at the zoo.狮子被关 在动物园的一个大笼子里。 ★lie/1ai/■oi.①(lay,lain)躺，平卧： Don't lie across the subway seats.(长沙 中考)不要横躺在地铁座位上。②(lay, lain)位于：The school lies deep in the mountains..这所学校位于大山深处。 ③(lied,lied)撒谎：As a matter of fact, those who lie will hurt themselves in the end.事实上，那些撒谎的人最终会伤害 自己。■n.谎言：The teacher asks us not to tell lies.老师要求我们不要说谎。 r0W/rau/■t.&vi.①划（船）：Can you teach me how to row a boat?你可以 教我怎样划船吗？②吵架；大声争辩：She had rowed with her parents about her grades.她和父母因为她的成绩吵过架。 ■n.一排；一列；一行：The tall boy sits in the last row.那个高个子男孩坐在最 后一排。 搭配 row with sb.与某人争吵‖in the front row在第一排 high /ha/■adj.有某高度的；高的： The grass in the yard was waist high. 子里的草齐腰高。■adv.高：You should not be afraid to aim high in the quest for an improvement in your income.想让自己的收入有所提高时，你 应该敢于给自己设定高的目标。 康拓展 联height n.高度 golden/'gauldan/,adj.①金色的：The golden light gilded the sea,金色的阳光 使大海如金子般闪闪发光。②美好的： It's one of my golden childhood memories.这是我美好的童年回忆之一。 七年级下册·Unit3 团搭配 on the church tower.教堂塔楼上有一 golden age黄金时代‖golden chance 座钟。 极好的机会‖golden hours幸福的时刻 ★along/al/prep.沿着：Walk shape/∫ep/n.形状：The leather is cut along the road.沿着这条路走。 out in the shape of a person,an animal or sunset/'sAnset/,n.日落，傍晚：The an object.皮革被切割成人、动物或物体 colours of the sunset painted the clouds 的形状。 in a stunning display.夕阳的颜色把云朵 壩搭配 染得美不胜收。 in shape在外形上‖out of shape变 审拓展 形；身材走样‖keep in shape保持身材l 反sunrise n,日出 七 take shape成型‖shape up发展；形成‖ put into shape整理；修理 fantastic/fen'taestik/adj.极好的，了 不起的：Reading is a fantastic way to 册 recommend/reka'mend/vt.①推荐：I pass my free time.(河南中考)阅读是我 would like to recommend Daniel for this 度过闲暇时间的好办法。 year's Young Star Award..我想要推荐 丹尼尔获得今年的“新星奖”。②建议：I fish and chipsn.炸鱼薯条：I had fish and chips in a cafe.我在一家小餐馆吃了 recommend(that)he see a doctor.我建 议他去看个医生。 炸鱼薯条。 蹈搭配 British/'brt/adj.英国（人）的：“We ①recommend sb.as推荐某人担任： hope more people around the world will I'd like to recommend John as our pay attention to environmental problems," monitor.我想推荐约翰做我们的班长。 said a British team member.(湖北中考) ②recommend sth.to do sth.建议某 一位英国队的成员表示：“我们希望世界 人做某事：I recommend you to buy this 各地有更多的人关注环境问题。” pen.我建议你买这支笔。 tool/tul/n.工具：Social networking is 3 recommend sb.sth./recommend just a digital tool.社交网络只是一种数 sth,tosb.向某人推荐某物：Can you 字工具 recommend me some new books on this ★end/end/n.①终止，结尾：I'll look subject?你能给我推荐一些有关这个学 after him till the end.我会照顾他一直到 科的新书吗？ 最后。②尽头：The library is at the end ④recommend sb.for sth.推荐某人 of this hallway.图书馆在这条走廊的 获得某物：We recommend her for the 尽头。 award.我们推荐她获得此奖项。 搭配 tower/'taua(r)/n.塔：There's a clock ①at the end of在…的尽头/末尾： 77 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 At the end of the day,people can relax at the bar.一天结束的时候，人们可以在酒 吧放松一下。 ②in the end最后，最终：In the end, the English team wins.最后，英国队获胜。 ③come to an end结束，完结：The war came to an end in1949.战争于1949 年结束。 set/set/vi.落（下）：He set down the heavy box and rested for a while.他将沉 年 重的箱子放下，然后休息了一会儿。 级 下 壩搭配 set about开始或着手做某事‖set aside留出，拨出‖set back阻碍；使推迟‖ set forth阐述；出发‖set in开始，到来‖set 短 l.place of interest名胜 2.a history of…的历史 3.one of the wonders of the world世界 奇迹之一 4.works of art艺术品 5.past and present过去和现在 6,a symbol of China中国的象征 7.what else还有什么 8.the capital of China中国的首都 9.the palace of some emperors一些皇帝 的皇宫 l0.in ancient China在中国古代 l1.be well worth a visit非常值得一游 12.watch the raising of the national flag 观看升国旗 l3.a house on each side两边各有一栋 房子 off出发；引起‖set out出发；着手；阐明 ★everything/'evri0r/pron.一切，每 件事：Get up now,and everything must be in place..现在起床，把所有东西都 放好。 seem/sim/linking v.似乎，看起来： Tom seems quite happy.汤姆看起来很 开心。 壩搭配 ①seem to do sth.好像做某事：Jack seems to be asleep.杰克好像睡着了。 ②It seems that.…似乎…：It seems that he knows the fact.他似乎知道真实 情况。 语 l4.a courtyard in the middle中间的庭院 l5.get a taste of the past感受过去 l6.at one of the local theatres在一家当 地剧院 17.date from追溯到，始于 18.late at night/early in the morning 夜/清晨 l9.open to visitors对游客开放 2o.the tree leaves over the bench长椅上 的落叶 2l.wave in the wind在风中飘荡 22.at winter sunset冬季日落时分 23.a sheet of ice一片冰 24.in a shape of以…的形状 25.walk along the beach沿着沙滩走 26.watch the waves看海浪 27.the view at sunset日落时分的景色