第04讲 Unit 4 Our Memory.（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习）2026-2027学年九年级英语新教材人教版

第04讲 Unit 4 Our Memory. （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 一、重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 _________________n,位置；地方,安置；使处于 ________________n,悲伤 _______________v.以作出反应；回应 _______________v复述 _______________n.孙子；外孙 _________________n.情况；事实 ______________n.歌剧；歌剧团 ________________n.入场券；票 ___________________n.钱包 _______________n.野餐 ____________v.原谅interj.请再说一遍；抱歉 ________________n.机场 _______________v.回忆起；回想起 ______________n.段落；走廊 __________________adj.可能的 _________________v.讨论；谈论；商量 ________________v.看；观看n.观点；视野 ________________adj.有效的 ________________n.发动机 ________________n.地址 ________________n.账户；账目 ________________n.增长;增加 ________________adj,野生的；自然生长的 ________________n.血 ________________n.伤口；创伤 v.使受伤 ________________n,购物商场 ____________________n.笔记本；笔记本电脑 _______________n.坚果 _______________v.辨认出；认可 _________________adv.完全地 ____________v.(把…)分成 二、重点短语 1._______________________有良好的记忆力 2.____________________(某物)用完；耗尽 3.__________________________记清单 4._______________________在某人看来 5.______________________听讲座；参加讲座 6.___________________________把…弄混/搞乱 7.________________________有效使用某物 8.________________________注意 9.________________________把…和…联系起来 10.___________________记下 11.______________________复述故事 12.______________________看起来像 l3.______________________开发大脑 14.__________________________锻炼记忆力 1S._________________做一些有创意的事 16.______________________学习新事物 I7.______________________减少压力 18.______________________保持自信 19.______________看起来很焦虑/看起来忧心忡忡 20.______________经历；遭受；仔细察看 21.__________________某人出了某事 22.________________代替；而不是 23.________________记在心中；记住 24.______________就某人的情况而言 25.__________________对不起，劳驾 26.____________________跑开 27.________________太…...而不能…... 28._____________________提醒某人某事 29.___________________在某人回家的路上 30.______________大声喊；大声说出；呼喊 31.__________________警告某人有危险 32.__________________首先；起初 33.___________________打电话 34.________________确保 35.________________看一看 36.___________________记笔记 37.____________________写下，记下 38.__________________毕竟 39.__________________不用则废 40.________________使疲乏；磨损；穿破 41.___________________休息一下 42.____________________利用感官 43.___________________此外；另外 44.______________最后但同样重要的是 45.________________…...和…....都….... 46._________________感到压力大 47.___________________发表演讲 48.________________弄清楚；查明 49.__________________把某物分为 三、用法集萃 l.___________________使某人做某事 2.__________________记得去做某事（动作未发生) ____________________记得做过某事（动作已发生) 3.____________________建议某人做某事 4.___________________持续/一直做某事 5.___________________告诉某人（不要）做某事 6.____________________过去常常做某事 7.____________________帮助某人做某事 8._______________________需要做某事 9._____________________通过做某事 10.______________________肯定会做某事 11._______________________花费时间做某事 12.____________尝试做某事 _______________努力做某事 13.____________________决定做某事 14.______________________你想要做某事吗？ 15._______________________做某事是…...的。 16.______________________ 越…...，就越….... 1、It's running out. 它要用完了（教材第32页，1c) 【详解】run out用完；耗尽 “人+run out of+物品”表示“某人用完某物”； “物品+run out'”表示“某物用完了”。 We have run out of ink. 我们已经把墨水用完了。 Time runs out. 时间用完了。 【即练1】We have ______ all the paper. A. run out B. run out of C. ran out D. ran out of 【即练2】Our water ______ just now. A. run out B. ran out C. ran out of D. run out of 【即练3】同义句改写：She ran out of her ink. Her ink ______ ______. 2、How did Fu Xing react when Billy said sorry to her?当比利向付兴道歉时，付兴是什么反应？（教材第32页，1e) 【详解】react〔动词)作出反应；回应 react to sth 对…...作出反应/回应 react with sth (化学)与…...起反应 How did he react to the news? 他对这个消息有什么反应？ Iron reacts with water and air. 铁与水和空气发生反应 【拓展】reaction〔名词)反应 What was Jeff's reaction when you told him about the job? 你告诉杰夫这个工作时，他是什么反应？ 【即练1】How did your parents react ______ your decision? A. with B. to C. for D. at 【即练2】What’s your ______ to the plan? A. react B. reaction C. reacting D. reacted 【即练3】Metal can react ______ acid (酸). A.to B. with C. on D. in 3、Why do we get some words mixed up?我们为什么会把一些单词弄混？（教材第33页，2b) 【详解】mix up混淆；弄乱 是“动词+副词”结构。宾语是名词时，可放在mix和up中间，也可放在mix up后；宾语是代词时，必须放在mix和up中间。get sth mixed up把…...弄混/搞乱 I always mix up the two words. 我总是把这两个单词弄混。 Don't mix them up. 别把它们弄混了。 Don't get their names mixed up. 别把他们的名字弄混了。 【即练1】The two cups look the same. Don’t mix ______. A. up them B. them up C. they up D. up they 【即练2】You always ______ the two similar words. A. mix up B. mix they up C. mixed up they D. mixes up 4、 How can we put our brains to good use?我们怎样才能好好利用我们的大脑？（教材第33页，2b) 【详解】put sth to good use有效使用（或利用）某物；与make good use of sth同义。被动形式为sth be put to good use。 We should put the scientific discoveries to good use.我们应该好好利用这些科学发现。 =We should make good use of the scientific discoveries. =The scientific discoveries should be put to good use 【拓展】和use相关的常见短语： make full use of充分利用 come into use开始使用 It's no use doing sth.做某事没用。 【即练1】We should ______ these old tools to good use. A. take B. put C. make D. get 【即练2】We must make good use of every chance.（改为同义句） We must ______ every chance to good use. 【即练3】It’s no use ______ with him; he won’t listen. A. argue B. to argue C. arguing D. argued 5、Pay attention to details..注意细节。（教材第33页，2c) 【详解】pay attention to注意；其中to是介词，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，不能接动词原形。 pay attention to doing sth注意做某事 Pay attention to your handwriting. 注意你的书写。 You must pay attention to protecting the environment. 你必须注意保护环境 【即练1】You should pay attention to ______ the teacher carefully. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 【即练2】Little Tom pays no attention ______ his mistakes. A. to B. for C. at D. with 6、to retell a story well把故事复述得很好（救材第33页，2d) 【详解】retell〔及物动词)复述；后面直接加宾语。过去式和过去分词是retold. retell sth复述 retell sth to sb向某人复述… Can you retell the story in your own words? 你能用自己的话复述这个故事吗？ She retold the story to her classmates. 她把故事复述给了同学们。 He retold what he had seen. 他重述了他所看到的。 【即练1】He ______ the fairy tale to his sister just now. A. retell B. retells C. retold D. retelled 【即练2】Can you retell this article ______ us? A. for B. to C. with D. at 7、to memorize a rule exactly准确记住一条规则（教材第33页，2d) 【详解】memorize(=memorise)〔及物动词〕记住；记忆；相当于remember。 I can't memorize the grammar rules. 我记不住那些语法规则。 【拓展】memory〔名词)记忆力；回忆 The boy has a good memory. 这个男孩有着很好的记忆力。 The experience gave us many happy memories. 那次经历给了我们许多快乐的回忆。 【即练1】It’s not easy to ______ all the English idioms. A. memory B. memorize C. memories D. memorizing 【即练2】Grandma has lots of sweet ______ of her childhood. A. Memory B. memorize C. memories D. memorises 【即练3】同义句转换 I spent an hour memorizing this article. I spent an hour keeping this article in my ______. 8、learn something new学习新事物（教材第33页，2d) 【详解】形容词修饰复合不定代词 something new意为“新事物”，其中something意为“某事；某物”，是复合不定代词，当有形容词修饰时，形容词置于其后。 The young people hope to try something new to spread our culture. 年轻人希望尝试新事物来传播我们的文化。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。 【注意】something常用于肯定句中，anything常用于否定句或疑问句中。在表示请求或希望得到对方的肯定答复的疑问句中，也用something. There isn't anything interesting in this film. 这部电影中没有什么有趣的事。 Would you like something to eat? 你想吃点东西吗？ 【即练1】I found ______ in the bookstore. A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything 【即练2】There isn’t ______ in the box. A. valuable something B. something valuable C. anything valuable D. valuable anything 【即练3】—Would you like ______? —Yes, a cup of milk. A. hot something B. something hot C. anything hot D. hot anything 9、I don't understand what she's going through.我不明白她正在经历什么。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】go through ①经历；遭受 She went through a hard time when she lost her pet dog. 她丢失宠物狗时，经历了一段难熬的时光。 ②仔细察看；检查 Let me go through your homework. 让我检查一下你的作业。 ③穿过；通过 During the trip,we went through the forest and enjoyed the beautiful nature. 旅行中，我们穿过森林，欣赏了美丽的大自然。 ④用完；耗尽 We went through all the water during the trip. 旅行中我们把所有水都喝完了。 【即练1】He ______ a terrible illness last year. A. went across B. went through C. went out D. went up 【即练2】Please ______ your exam paper before handing it in. A. go through B. go across C. go for D. go with 【即练3】We ______ a dark cave and found a small lake inside. A. went across B. went through C. went over D. went by 【即练4】They ______ all their money during the trip. A. went through B. went on C. went off D. went out 10、It happened to my grandpa too.我爷爷也出现过这种情况。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】happen to发生；使遭遇 sth happens to sb 某人出了某事（常指不好的事） happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 A strange thing happened to me yesterday. 昨天我发生了一件奇怪的事。 She happened to know the answer. 她碰巧知道答案。 【即练1】What ______ your brother yesterday? A. happened B. happened to C. happens D. happens to 【即练2】I ______ see my English teacher in the library. A. happened B. happened to C. happen D. happen to 11、But now he forgets how to reach the park可现在他忘了怎么去公园了。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】疑问词+动词不定式 how to reach是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作forgets的宾语。动词不定式常与what,how,when,where等疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。此结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作宾语时，常与know,tell,wonder,ask,show,teach,learn,decide等动词连用。 When to start is not decided yet. 什么时候动身还没决定。（主语） I do know how to use the machine. 我的确知道如何使用这台机器。（宾语） The question is what to do next. 问题是下一步做什么。（作表语） 【拓展】“疑问词+动词不定式”结构的注意事项： ①“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可与含有宾语从句的复合句进行同义句转换，此时，宾语从句的主语必须和主句的主语一致。 I don't know what to do next. =I don't know what I should do next. 我不知道接下来应该做什么。 ②若疑问词为代词(what,which,who等)，动词不定式中的动词若是及物动词，后面不需再加宾语，若动词不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则应加介词。 I don't know what to say.我不知道说什么。 There're many rooms.I can't decide which to live in. 有许多房间，我无法决定住哪个。 ③若疑问词为副词(how,when,where等)，动词不定式中的动词后面需要补充宾语。 I don't know how to do it. 我不知道怎么做。 【即练1】I don’t know ______ next. A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. when to do 【即练2】She hasn’t decided ______ hotel to live ______. A. which; in B. what; / C. where; in D. which; / 【即练3】 同义句转换 I don’t know how I can solve the problem. I don’t know ______ ______ ______ the problem. 12、Instead of what he forgets.I keep in mind what he remembers.我记住他还记得的事而不是他忘记的事。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】(1)辨析：instead of与instead两者都有“代替”的意思，但用法不同，具体如下： instead of 短语介词 其后一般接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 instead 副词 可单独使用，常位于句首或句末 Shall we have vegetables instead of meat today?今天我们吃蔬莱、不吃肉好吗？ I learn English by listening to radio instead of watching English movies. 我通过听广播而不是看英文电影学习英语 If Mary doesn't have time to look after the patients,I can do instead. 如果玛丽没有时间照顾病人，我可以代替她照顾。 (2)keep(....)in mind记在心中；记住 We must keep in mind that hard work leads to success. 我们要牢记：努力才能成功。 Everyone should keep these important words in mind.每个人都应把这些重要的话记在心里 【即练1】I’d like tea ______ coffee. A. instead B. instead of C. take place D. take place of 【即练2】He didn’t swim. He ran ______. A. instead of B. instead C. replace D. replacing 【即练3】Keep ______ that you should be honest. A. in mind B. instead C. instead of D. mind 【即练4】改错 She watched TV instead of go out. 改正：_________________________________________ 13、In your case,your grandma still remembers that you love cookies!!就你的情况而言，你奶奶还记得你爱吃饼干呢！（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】in sb's case 就某人的情况而言；相当于in the case of sb,其中case作名词，意为“情况；事实”。 In everyone's case,hard work and responsibility are the key to progress. 对每个人而言，努力与责任都是进步的关键。 In the case of these heroes,they put the people first in everything,.对这些英雄而言，他们在一切事情中都把人民放在首位。 In many cases,reading history helps us love our country more deeply..在很多情况下，阅读历史能帮助我们更加热爱祖国。 【拓展】与case相关的其他短语： in case以防万 in case of如果；假使 in this/that case在这种/那种情况下 【即练1】______ , music helps him reduce stress. A. In case B. In Tom’s case C. In case of D. In many cases 【即练2】Bring some water ______ you feel thirsty. A. in case B. in case of C. in this case D. in his case 【即练3】______ heavy rain, the sports meeting will be put off. A. In case B. In case of C. In that case D. In everyone’s case 14、He felt sad when he recalled what happened.当他回想起发生了什么事时，他感到很难过。（教材第35页，4c) 【详解】recall〔动词〕回忆起；回想起 不可用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、that/wh-从句等作宾语。recall doing sth回忆起做过某事 I can't recall his name. 我想不起他的名字了。 She recalled seeing him before. 她记得以前见过他。 He tried to recall what happened. 他努力回忆发生了什么。 【拓展】英语中，re-是常见的前缀之一，表示“再；重新；重复”。rebuild重建；再造 retell重述 rewrite重写 reuse再使用 【即练1】I recall ______ this movie with you last year. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 【即练2】He ______ every word she said. A. is recalling B. recalls C. recall D. was recalling 【即练3】 同义句转换 She remembered she bought this pen. She recalled ______ this pen. 15、When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth,she shouted out to warn her baby of danger,.狐狸妈妈嘴里叼着葡萄往家走时，大声喊着警告她的宝宝有危险。（教材第35页，4c) 【详解】（1）on one's way home在某人回家的路上； home是副词，前面不加to He bought some books on his way home 他在回家的路上买了一些书。 【注意】on one's way后接here,there,home等地点副词时，不加介词to。 【拓展】on one's way to... 在去…...的路上；to后接表示地点的名词。 We saw many beautiful flowers on our way to the village. 我们在去村庄的路上看到了许多美丽的花。 (2)shout out大声喊；大声说出；呼喊 Don't shout out the answer. 不要大声喊出答案。 The boy shouted out that he would never give. 那个男孩大声喊道他永不放弃。 【拓展】①shout to sb 对某人大声喊叫，因距离远/环境吵，为了让对方听见，无负面情绪。 ②shout at sb对某人大声叫嚷，多因生气、愤怒等情绪，带有指责/不满的语气。 It's too noisy here.You should shout to him. 这儿太吵了，你应该大点儿声对他喊。 Don't shout at me. 别对我大吼大叫。 (3) warn〔及物动词〕警告；告诫；提醒 warn sb of sth 警告某人有某种危险 warn sb about sth 警告某人某事（关于某事） warn sb(not)to do sth 警告某人（不要）做某事 warn sb+that从句 警告某人…... The weather report warns people of heavy rain.天气预报警告人们有大雨。 The teacher warned us about the danger. 老师警告我们注意危险。 We should warn each other to follow the rules. 我们应该互相提醒遵守规则。 History warns us not to forget the past. 历史告诚我们不要忘记过去。 The sign warns people that it's dangerous. 这个标志警告人们这里很危险。 【拓展】warning〔名词〕警告；警示 Look at that warning! 看那个警告！ 【即练1】You can ______ your opinion so everyone can hear. A. shout at B. shout out C. shout to D. shout for 【即练2】He had to ______ her because of the loud music. A. shout at B. shout out C. shout to D. shout 【即练3】The teacher warned us ______ play with fire. A. to not B. not to C. don’t D. not 16、The more you review what you learn,the more likely you will remember it.复习所学内容越多，就越有可能记住它。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】likely〔形容词)可能的 be likely to do sth很可能做某事 It is likely that... …...是很可能的。 If you keep trying,you are likely to make progress. 如果你坚持尝试，就很可能取得进步。 It is likely that he will come. 他很可能会来。 【即练1】The little girl ______ cry when she sees strangers. A. likely to B. is likely to C. likely D. be likely 【即练2】______ that we will have a holiday next week. A. It likely B. It is likely C. That is likely D. Likely 【即练3】 同义句改写 It is likely that she will forget the plan. She ______ ______ ______ forget the plan. 17、However,you should not wear out your brain. 不过，你不应该过度消耗大脑。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】wear out ①使疲乏 Working all day wore her out. 工作了一整天，她累坏了。 We shouldn't wear out our energy on meaning-less things. 我们不应该把精力消耗在无意义的事情上。 ②磨损；穿破 The machine has worn out. 这台机器已经磨损了。 He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿坏了两双鞋。 【即练1】The long walk ______ us out yesterday. A. wear B. wore C. worn D. wears 【即练2】Your shoes are ______. You need to buy new ones. A. wear out B. wore out C. worn out D. wearing out 【即练3】 同义句转换 The hard training made him very tired. The hard training ______ ______ ______. 18、You can also review information by discussing it with others or by teaching others.你也可以通过和他人讨论或教别人来复习信息。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】discuss〔动词)讨论，商量； 其名词形式为discussion“讨论”。 discuss sth with sb(=have a discussion about/sth with sb) 和某人讨论某事 In class,you can discuss problems by working in groups. 在课堂上，你们可以通过小组合作来讨论问题。 You needn't discuss this matter with me. =You needn't have a discussion about this matter with me.你不必和我讨论这件事。 【注意】discuss不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句 They are discussing how to do it. 他们正在讨论怎样做这件事。 【即练1】My parents ______ my future plan last night. A. discussed with me about B. discussed me C. discussed with me D. discussed about me 【即练2】We are discussing ______ improve our English. A. to B. how to C. how D. / 【即练3】 同义句转换 She had a discussion about the trip with Lisa. She ______ the trip ______ Lisa. 19、A third way is to make use of senses. 第三种方法是利用感官。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】(1)动词不定式（短语）作表语 句中to make use of senses意为“利用感官”，是动词不定式短语作表语。动词不定式放在系动词(be动词为主)之后作表语，用来说明主语的身份、性质、目的、内容或将来动作。 My dream is to be a doctor. 我的梦想是成为一名医生。 The most important thing is to keep healthy. 最重要的事是保持健康 Her wish is to travel around the world. 她的愿望是环游世界。 (2)make use of... 利用…... use前可加good,full等，表示“好好利用，充分利用”。 We should make use of time. 我们应该利用时间。 Try to make good use of your free time. 尽量好好利用你的空闲时间。 【即练1】My hobby ______ collect all kinds of stamps. A. is to B. to C. be to D. to be 【即练2】 同义句转换 We should make full use of natural resources. We should ______ natural resources ______ good use. 20、You can also create a story with information and view it in your mind like a film.你也可以把信息编成故事，像看电影一样在脑海中回顾。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】view ①〔动词〕看；观看 People came from all over the world to view her work. 人们从世界各地涌来看她的作品。 We plan to view the film about memory this weekend. 我们计划本周末观看这部有关记忆的电影。 ②〔名词〕风景；视野；观点；看法 in view意为“进入视野”；in one's view意为“在某人看来”。 There is a beautiful view from the top. 从顶上看风景很美。 There was nobody in view. 一个人也看不见。 In my view,hard work is the key to success. 在我看来，努力是成功的关键。 【即练1】Lots of visitors went to ______ the famous art show. A. view B. view of C. views D. viewing 【即练2】______, we should make full use of free time. A. In my view B. My view C. In view D. Views 【即练3】When we reached the mountain top, the whole city was ______. A. in my view B. in view C. view D. views 21、You need to remember an address until you find a piece of paper to write it down.你需要记住一个地址，直到找到一张纸把它写下来。（教材第37页，1c) 【详解】until〔连词或介词)〕直到…...为止；用作连词时引导时间状语从句（此句中用作连词)；用作介词时后接名词、代词等。until的用法如下： ①当until用于肯定句时，主句(until用作连词时)或句子(until用作介词时)的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。 I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。（连词） He watched TV until midnight last night. 他昨天晚上看电视一直到半夜。（介词） ②当until用于否定句时，构成not...until... 结构，意为“直到…...才......”，主句(until用作连词时)或句子(until用作介词时)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，表示动作或状态直到until所表示的时间才发生。 I won't leave until the rain stops. 直到雨停我才会离开。（连词） He didn't go home until ten o'clock. 他直到10点才回家。（介词） 【注意】until的同义词为till,但until可以放在句首，而till不能。 I hadn't realized the thing was so serious until/till she told me about it. =Until she told me about it,I hadn't realized the thing was so serious.直到她告诉我，我才意识到这件事如此严重。 【即练1】I ______ here until my friend comes back. A. leave B. won’t leave C. will leave D. left 【即练2】We talked ______ the sun went down. A. until B. till C. A and B D. unless 22、The customer reacted badly to the price increase,.这位顾客对涨价反应很强烈。（教材第38页，2b) 【详解】increase ①〔名词)增长 The increase in population caused a shortage of food. 人口增加导致粮食短缺。 ②〔及物动词〕增加 Reading can not only increase our knowledge,but also bring us pleasure. 阅读不仅能增长我们的知识，而且能给我们带来快乐。 ③〔不及物动词〕增加；增长 increase to 增加到…... increase by增加了....... The population of the area is increasing quickly. 这个地区的人口在快速增长。 The population of this city will increase to1,000,000 . 这个城市的人口将增加到100万。 The price of the vegetables there increasedby10%. 那儿蔬菜的价格上涨了10%。 【即练1】The number of students ______ 800 last year. A. increased by B. increased to C. increase D. increase in 【即练2】The cost ______ 15% because of the bad weather. A. increased to B. increased by C. an increase in D. increases 【即练3】There is a big ______ young people who love traditional culture. A. increase in B. increase to C. increase by D. increasing 23、In the past,I always felt stressed when I had to give a speech.过去，我每次要演讲时都会感到很有压力。（教材第39页，3a) 【详解】stressed〔形容词〕焦虑的；紧张的；压力大的不能用在名词前作定语。feel stressed感到有压力 be stressed out压力大；筋疲力尽 Listening to music can make you less stressed. 听音乐能让你不那么紧张。 It's normal to feel stressed before exams. 考试前感到紧张是正常的。 She is stressed out these days. 她这些天压力很大。 【拓展】stress〔不可数名词〕精神压力；心理负担 Too much stress is bad for your health. 太大的压力对你的健康有害。 Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 人在压力之下做事情容易出错。 【即练1】Many students ______ before big exams. A. feel stressed B. feel stressful C. stressed out D. stress 【即练2】He is ______ because of too much homework. A. stress B. stressed out C. stressful D. under stressed 【即练3】______ makes it hard for us to sleep well. A. Stressed B. Stress C. Stressful D. Under stress 24、Another method is to divide the speech into short sections.另一种方法是把演讲稿分成几个短部分。（教材第39页，3a) divide〔动词)〕（把…）分成 divide sth into... 把某物分为…... We can divide our work into small steps to finish it easily. 我们可以把工作分成小步骤，轻松完成。 The students are divided into four groups. 学生被分成四个小组。 【即练1】Please ______ the paper ______ two pieces. A. divide; into B. divide; in C. divided; into D. divides; into 【即练2】All the players ______ four teams for the game. A. divide into B. are divided into C. divided into D. is divided into 25、Nobody knows my speech except me.了我之外，没人熟悉我的演讲稿。（教材第39页，3a) 辨析：except与besides except 除…..之外(没有…....) 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物，表示一种排除关系，有“减去”之意 besides 除…...之外(还有…...) 指在整体中加入一部分，表示一种累加关系，有“加上”之意 We are all here except Tom. 除汤姆之外，我们都在这里了。 Besides milk,we need vegetables. 除了牛奶，我们还需要蔬菜。 【即练1】All students went to the park ______ Lucy. She was ill at home. A. besides B. except C. without D. with 【即练2】______ math, I also study physics and chemistry. A. Except B. Besides C. Beside D. Except for 26、If I do forget some words,I shouldn't panic..如果真的忘记了一些词，我也不应该慌张。（教材第39页，3a) 【详解】do表强调；句中do forget意为“真的忘记”，其中do表示强调。助动词do放在谓语动词前起强调作用，用来表达说话者的一种强烈的感情，do要重读，意为“确实；一定；务必；的确”等，后接动词原形。do随主语的人称、数和句子时态的变化而变化，但只有三种形式，即do,does和did。 I do believe you. 我确实相信你。 She does work hard. 她的确努力学习。 They did finish their homework. 他们真的完成了作业。 【注意】“do/does/did+动词原形”表强调不能用于否定句，用在祈使句中表示请求、命令或鼓励，语气更强烈。 Do be careful! 一定要小心！ 【即练1】He ______ know the answer, but he doesn’t want to tell us. A. do B. does C. did D. is 【即练2】______ try your best, and you will make it. A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing 【即练3】They ______ finish all the work yesterday. A. do B. does C. did D. are 一、单项选择 1．If we don’t save water, it will ________ soon in some dry areas. A．run out B．run out of C．use up D．be run out 2．You should put one teaspoon of sugar into the water . Then ________. A．mix it up B．mix up it C．mix them up D．mix up them 3．You should pay attention to ________ the teacher carefully in class. A．listen to B．listening to C．hear D．hearing 4．I’m hungry. Do you have ________ to eat? A．delicious something B．something delicious C．anything delicious D．delicious anything 5．The entrance is too ________ for your car ________. You’d better change your way. A．narrow; to go B．wide enough; to go C．narrow; to go through D．wide; to go through 6．I ________ meet my old classmate on my way home last Sunday. A．happened to B．happen to C．was happened to D．happened doing 7．—We usually use We Chat to chat with each other online. —That’s great. But I don’t know ________ it. A．what to use B．what can I use C．how can I use D．how to use 8．—What about going boating on the river? —Let’s ________ by the river ________. I think it’s more interesting. A．camp; instead of B．camping; instead C．camping; instead of D．camp; instead 9．—Do you know how to ________ the reading speed? —The more you read, the faster you’ll be. A．satisfy B．invent C．increase 10．Humans divided a year ________ four seasons according to the cycle of nature. A．on B．into C．with D．at 二、根据汉语提示填写短语 1．Don’t waste water, or we will _______________ it soon. (用完；耗尽) 2．Please _____________________ (注意) the traffic lights when crossing the road. 3．The students should read aloud ________________ (代替) reading silently in the morning. 4．James _______________ and threw himself to the floor when his shirt caught fire. (大声喊叫) 5．Successful learners may _____________ by writing down difficult words or drawing mind maps. (记笔记) 6．Please ____________________ (弄清楚，查明白) when the train will leave. 7．After using the computer for a long time, remember to ________________________ (休息一下). 8．In the contest, we need to _________________ in English to make it more engaging. (发表演讲) 9．Don’t be angry with him. ___________________, he is just a little kid.（毕竟） 10．You must ________ (确保) all the lights are off before you leave. 三、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1．The bad news made the girl cry loudly with great ________(sad). 2．We had a ________ (discuss) about the best ways to learn a foreign language. 3．I often share the meaning of ________ (happy) in our lives with my friends. 4．His ________ (appear) made us surprised. 5．Keep _________ (walk) until you reach the traffic lights. 6．Did you pay attention to ________ (listen) to the teacher? 7．I’ll try ________ (find) out who lives in the room next door. 8．Doctors advise us ________ (wear) masks to protect ourselves from the illness in public places. 9．The teacher makes him ________ (read) English every day. 10．I think children shouldn’t spend too much time ________ (play) computer games. 四、完形填空 Most people wish they had better memories. But do you know that we have 1 kinds of memories? There are a few simple things that everyone can do to 2 their memories. Our 3 to remember things from the past depends on two kinds of memories. They are remote（久远的）memory and 4 memory. Think back to last year’s birthday. What did you do? 5 you can’t remember that, you are having a problem with your remote memory. If you can’t remember what you 6 for breakfast yesterday, there’s something wrong with your recent memory. Remembering past 7 is only one of the ways we use memories. When taking a test, we need our semantic（语义的）memories. This is 8 how we remember the knowledge we’ve learned. If we want to 9 to do or use something in the future, either minutes or days from now on, we will use our immediate and future memories 10 a bad memory is avoidable as we’re getting old, 11 we can take some steps to keep good memories. Of our five kinds of memories, immediate and remote do not break down with age. But how can we prevent 12 semantic and future memories from disappearing? The 13 is to have some activities. Studies have shown that a few mental（脑力的）activities, like taking up new things, goes a long way in positively affecting our memories. Regular physical exercise can 14 make our memories better. The one thing to avoid at all costs though, is stress. What can help to 15 our mental abilities? It’s to reduce stress through exercise, or other activities. 1．A．different B．similar C．special D．same 2．A．increase B．improve C．show D．fix 3．A．ability B．support C．doubt D．habit 4．A．past B．new C．short D．recent 5．A．If B．Although C．Because D．So 6．A．drew B．liked C．ate D．washed 7．A．events B．periods C．courses D．speeches 8．A．from B．for C．without D．about 9．A．cause B．warm C．remember D．forget 10．A．At once B．By accident C．In fact D．In advance 11．A．but B．and C．unless D．when 12．A．our B．your C．his D．their 13．A．cost B．price C．secret D．wealth 14．A．also B．ever C．sill D．only 15．A．change B．catch C．keep D．run 五、阅读理解 Good Habits Help Your Memory Memory is very important for middle school students. Many students complain that they can’t remember knowledge well. In fact, bad living and study habits are the main reasons. Here are some good habits to protect your memory. First, get enough sleep every night. When you sleep, your brain sorts out and stores what you have learned during the day. If you sleep less than seven hours, your brain can’t work well the next day. You will feel sleepy and hard to focus in class. Second, keep your brain active. Don’t always spend time on short videos or games. Try reading books, doing word puzzles or learning a new skill. These activities can make your brain keep working and not become slow easily. Third, learn to relax properly. Too much study pressure makes you worried and stressed. When you are nervous, your memory will become poor. You can take a walk, listen to light music or talk with your friends to relax. Fourth, learn to review regularly. Forgetting is natural, but regular review can slow down the speed of forgetting. Review your notes every evening, and you will turn short-term memory into long-term memory little by little. Good habits are not hard to keep. If you stick to them, you will find your memory becoming better day by day. 1．What is the main reason for poor memory of many students? A．Too much sleep. B．Bad study and living habits. C．Too many after-class activities. D．Learning too many difficult words. 2．What does the underlined phrase “sorts out” mean? A．整理梳理 B．随意丢弃 C．快速遗忘 D．反复朗读 3．Which activity can keep your brain active according to the passage? A．Watching short videos all day. B．Playing games without stop. C．Doing word puzzles and reading. D．Sleeping for a long time. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．We need less than seven hours’ sleep every day. B．Pressure has nothing to do with our memory. C．Regular review helps keep memory longer. D．Playing phones can make our brain smarter. 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You might have a friend or a classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. 1 , in fact, there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory. First of all, interest is important when remembering things. We all agree that we don’t have difficulty 2 (remember) the things we are interested in. You can make 3 (you) have more interest by asking questions—the more, the better! Secondly, researchers 4 (find) that information which is organized in groups can be 5 (easy) remembered so far. Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook reading to help group the information. Moreover, when you’re learning new materials, you should spend the time 6 (think) about the relationship between the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating 7 thinking. Then it helps you remember information. Last but not least, physical exercise is also important for your memory 8 it increases your heart rate and offers more oxygen (氧气) to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress which is very 9 (harm) to the memory. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the methods above. I’m sure that you 10 (improve) your memory and get more out of it. $第04讲 Unit 4 Our Memory. （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 一、重点单词 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 position n,位置；地方,安置；使处于 sadness n,悲伤 react v.以作出反应；回应 retell v复述 grandson n.孙子；外孙 case n.情况；事实 opera n.歌剧；歌剧团 ticket n.入场券；票 wallet n.钱包 picnic n.野餐 pardon v.原谅interj.请再说一遍；抱歉 airport n.机场 recall v.回忆起；回想起 passage n.段落；走廊 likely adj.可能的 discuss v.讨论；谈论；商量 view v.看；观看n.观点；视野 effective adj.有效的 engine n.发动机 address n.地址 account n.账户；账目 increase n.增长;增加 wild adj,野生的；自然生长的 blood n.血 wound n.伤口；创伤 v.使受伤 mall n,购物商场 notebook n.笔记本；笔记本电脑 nut n.坚果 recognize v.辨认出；认可(recognise) fully adv.完全地 divide v.(把…)分成 二、重点短语 1.have a good memory有良好的记忆力 2.run out(某物)用完；耗尽 3.take a list记清单 4.in one's opinion在某人看来 5.attend a lecture听讲座；参加讲座 6.get...mixed up把…弄混/搞乱 7.put sth to good use有效使用某物 8.pay attention(to)注意 9.link...with...把…和…联系起来 10.note down记下 11.retell a story复述故事 12.look like看起来像 l3.develop one's brain开发大脑 14.exercise one's memory锻炼记忆力 1S.do something creative做一些有创意的事 16.learn something new学习新事物 I7.reduce stress减少压力 18.stay confident保持自信 19.look worried看起来很焦虑/看起来忧心忡忡 20.go through经历；遭受；仔细察看 21.sth happens to sb某人出了某事 22.instead of代替；而不是 23.keep(.)in mind记在心中；记住 24.in sb's case就某人的情况而言 25.pardon me对不起，劳驾 26.run away跑开 27.too...to…太…...而不能…... 28.remind sb of sth提醒某人某事 29.on one's way home在某人回家的路上 30.shout out大声喊；大声说出；呼喊 31.warn sb of danger警告某人有危险 32.to start with首先；起初 33.make a phone call打电话 34.make sure确保 35.take a look看一看 36.take notes记笔记 37.write down写下，记下 38.after all毕竟 39.use it or lose it.不用则废 40.wear out使疲乏；磨损；穿破 41.take a break休息一下 42.make use of senses利用感官 43.in addition此外；另外 44.last but not least最后但同样重要的是 45.both..and... …...和…....都….... 46.feel stressed感到压力大 47.give a speech发表演讲 48.find out弄清楚；查明 49.divide sth into把某物分为 三、用法集萃 l.make sb do sth使某人做某事 2.remember to do sth记得去做某事（动作未发生) remember doing sth记得做过某事（动作已发生) 3.advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 4.keep doing sth持续/一直做某事 5.tell sb(not)to do sth告诉某人（不要）做某事 6.used to do sth过去常常做某事 7.help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事 8.need to do sth需要做某事 9.by doing sth通过做某事 10.be sure to do sth肯定会做某事 11.spend time doing sth花费时间做某事 12.try doing sth尝试做某事 try to do sth努力做某事 13.decide to do sth决定做某事 14.Would you like to do sth?你想要做某事吗？ 15.It is+形容词+to do sth.做某事是…...的。 16.The+比较级，the+比较级. 越…...，就越….... 1、It's running out. 它要用完了（教材第32页，1c) 【详解】run out用完；耗尽 “人+run out of+物品”表示“某人用完某物”； “物品+run out'”表示“某物用完了”。 We have run out of ink. 我们已经把墨水用完了。 Time runs out. 时间用完了。 【即练1】We have ______ all the paper. A. run out B. run out of C. ran out D. ran out of 【答案】B 【详解】主语是人 we，后面有宾语 paper，用 run out of；have 后接过去分词 run，选 B。 【即练2】Our water ______ just now. A. run out B. ran out C. ran out of D. run out of 【答案】B 【详解】主语 water 是物品，无宾语；just now 为过去时，用 ran out，选 B。 【即练3】同义句改写：She ran out of her ink. Her ink ______ ______. 【答案】ran out 【解析】run out of 的主语是人，后面要接物品作宾语；run out 主语为物品，后面不加宾语。原句为一般过去时，run 的过去式为 ran，故此空填 ran out。 2、How did Fu Xing react when Billy said sorry to her?当比利向付兴道歉时，付兴是什么反应？（教材第32页，1e) 【详解】react〔动词)作出反应；回应 react to sth 对…...作出反应/回应 react with sth (化学)与…...起反应 How did he react to the news? 他对这个消息有什么反应？ Iron reacts with water and air. 铁与水和空气发生反应 【拓展】reaction〔名词)反应 What was Jeff's reaction when you told him about the job? 你告诉杰夫这个工作时，他是什么反应？ 【即练1】How did your parents react ______ your decision? A. with B. to C. for D. at 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 react to sth 对某事作出反应，故选 B。 【即练2】What’s your ______ to the plan? A. react B. reaction C. reacting D. reacted 【答案】B 【解析】形容词性物主代词 your 后需要名词，reaction 是 react 对应的名词，意为 “反应”，故选 B。 【即练3】Metal can react ______ acid (酸). A.to B. with C. on D. in 【答案】B 【解析】描述化学反应使用固定搭配 react with sth，故选 B。 3、Why do we get some words mixed up?我们为什么会把一些单词弄混？（教材第33页，2b) 【详解】mix up混淆；弄乱 是“动词+副词”结构。宾语是名词时，可放在mix和up中间，也可放在mix up后；宾语是代词时，必须放在mix和up中间。get sth mixed up把…...弄混/搞乱 I always mix up the two words. 我总是把这两个单词弄混。 Don't mix them up. 别把它们弄混了。 Don't get their names mixed up. 别把他们的名字弄混了。 【即练1】The two cups look the same. Don’t mix ______. A. up them B. them up C. they up D. up they 【答案】B 【解析】代词 them 作宾语，动副短语中代词必须放 mix 和 up 中间，选 B。 【即练2】You always ______ the two similar words. A. mix up B. mix they up C. mixed up they D. mixes up 【答案】A 【解析】宾语为名词 the two similar words，可直接放 mix up 后；主语 you 谓语用原形，选 A。 4、 How can we put our brains to good use?我们怎样才能好好利用我们的大脑？（教材第33页，2b) 【详解】put sth to good use有效使用（或利用）某物；与make good use of sth同义。被动形式为sth be put to good use。 We should put the scientific discoveries to good use.我们应该好好利用这些科学发现。 =We should make good use of the scientific discoveries. =The scientific discoveries should be put to good use 【拓展】和use相关的常见短语： make full use of充分利用 come into use开始使用 It's no use doing sth.做某事没用。 【即练1】We should ______ these old tools to good use. A. take B. put C. make D. get 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 put sth to good use，故选 B。 【即练2】We must make good use of every chance.（改为同义句） We must ______ every chance to good use. 【答案】put 【解析】make good use of sth = put sth to good use。 【即练3】It’s no use ______ with him; he won’t listen. A. argue B. to argue C. arguing D. argued 【答案】C 【解析】固定句型 It’s no use doing sth，后接动名词，选 C。 5、Pay attention to details..注意细节。（教材第33页，2c) 【详解】pay attention to注意；其中to是介词，后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式，不能接动词原形。 pay attention to doing sth注意做某事 Pay attention to your handwriting. 注意你的书写。 You must pay attention to protecting the environment. 你必须注意保护环境 【即练1】You should pay attention to ______ the teacher carefully. A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened 【答案】C 【解析】to 为介词，后接动名词 doing，选 C。 【即练2】Little Tom pays no attention ______ his mistakes. A. to B. for C. at D. with 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 pay attention to，否定形式 pay no attention to 仍用介词 to。 6、to retell a story well把故事复述得很好（救材第33页，2d) 【详解】retell〔及物动词)复述；后面直接加宾语。过去式和过去分词是retold. retell sth复述 retell sth to sb向某人复述… Can you retell the story in your own words? 你能用自己的话复述这个故事吗？ She retold the story to her classmates. 她把故事复述给了同学们。 He retold what he had seen. 他重述了他所看到的。 【即练1】He ______ the fairy tale to his sister just now. A. retell B. retells C. retold D. retelled 【答案】C 【解析】just now 为一般过去时，retell 的过去式是 retold，选 C。 【即练2】Can you retell this article ______ us? A. for B. to C. with D. at 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 retell sth to sb 向某人复述，选 B。 7、to memorize a rule exactly准确记住一条规则（教材第33页，2d) 【详解】memorize(=memorise)〔及物动词〕记住；记忆；相当于remember。 I can't memorize the grammar rules. 我记不住那些语法规则。 【拓展】memory〔名词)记忆力；回忆 The boy has a good memory. 这个男孩有着很好的记忆力。 The experience gave us many happy memories. 那次经历给了我们许多快乐的回忆。 【即练1】It’s not easy to ______ all the English idioms. A. memory B. memorize C. memories D. memorizing 【答案】B 【解析】to 后接动词原形，此处需要动词 “熟记”，选 memorize。 【即练2】Grandma has lots of sweet ______ of her childhood. A. Memory B. memorize C. memories D. memorises 【答案】C 【解析】lots of 后接可数名词复数，memory 表 “回忆” 时复数为 memories。 【即练3】同义句转换 I spent an hour memorizing this article. I spent an hour keeping this article in my ______. 【答案】memory 【解析】memorize sth = keep sth in one’s memory 记住某物。 8、learn something new学习新事物（教材第33页，2d) 【详解】形容词修饰复合不定代词 something new意为“新事物”，其中something意为“某事；某物”，是复合不定代词，当有形容词修饰时，形容词置于其后。 The young people hope to try something new to spread our culture. 年轻人希望尝试新事物来传播我们的文化。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。 【注意】something常用于肯定句中，anything常用于否定句或疑问句中。在表示请求或希望得到对方的肯定答复的疑问句中，也用something. There isn't anything interesting in this film. 这部电影中没有什么有趣的事。 Would you like something to eat? 你想吃点东西吗？ 【即练1】I found ______ in the bookstore. A. something special B. special something C. anything special D. special anything 【答案】A 【解析】本句为肯定句，用 something；形容词修饰不定代词要后置，故选 A。 【即练2】There isn’t ______ in the box. A. valuable something B. something valuable C. anything valuable D. valuable anything 【答案】C 【解析】否定句用 anything，形容词后置，选 C。 【即练3】—Would you like ______? —Yes, a cup of milk. A. hot something B. something hot C. anything hot D. hot anything 【答案】B 【解析】委婉邀请的问句，希望得到肯定回答，用 something，形容词后置，选 B。 9、I don't understand what she's going through.我不明白她正在经历什么。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】go through ①经历；遭受 She went through a hard time when she lost her pet dog. 她丢失宠物狗时，经历了一段难熬的时光。 ②仔细察看；检查 Let me go through your homework. 让我检查一下你的作业。 ③穿过；通过 During the trip,we went through the forest and enjoyed the beautiful nature. 旅行中，我们穿过森林，欣赏了美丽的大自然。 ④用完；耗尽 We went through all the water during the trip. 旅行中我们把所有水都喝完了。 【即练1】He ______ a terrible illness last year. A. went across B. went through C. went out D. went up 【答案】B 【解析】go through 此处表示 “经历病痛”，符合语境。 【即练2】Please ______ your exam paper before handing it in. A. go through B. go across C. go for D. go with 【答案】A 【解析】句意为交卷前仔细检查试卷，go through 有 “检查、审阅” 含义。 【即练3】We ______ a dark cave and found a small lake inside. A. went across B. went through C. went over D. went by 【答案】B 【解析】山洞属于立体空间，从内部穿行用 go through；across 仅用于平面横穿。 【即练4】They ______ all their money during the trip. A. went through B. went on C. went off D. went out 【答案】A 【解析】go through 此处表示 “耗尽、花光钱财”。 10、It happened to my grandpa too.我爷爷也出现过这种情况。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】happen to发生；使遭遇 sth happens to sb 某人出了某事（常指不好的事） happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 A strange thing happened to me yesterday. 昨天我发生了一件奇怪的事。 She happened to know the answer. 她碰巧知道答案。 【即练1】What ______ your brother yesterday? A. happened B. happened to C. happens D. happens to 【答案】B 【解析】yesterday 为过去时；固定搭配 sth happen to sb，选 B。 【即练2】I ______ see my English teacher in the library. A. happened B. happened to C. happen D. happen to 【答案】B 【解析】happen to do sth 碰巧做某事，本句为过去语境用 happened to。 11、But now he forgets how to reach the park可现在他忘了怎么去公园了。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】疑问词+动词不定式 how to reach是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作forgets的宾语。动词不定式常与what,how,when,where等疑问词连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。此结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；作宾语时，常与know,tell,wonder,ask,show,teach,learn,decide等动词连用。 When to start is not decided yet. 什么时候动身还没决定。（主语） I do know how to use the machine. 我的确知道如何使用这台机器。（宾语） The question is what to do next. 问题是下一步做什么。（作表语） 【拓展】“疑问词+动词不定式”结构的注意事项： ①“疑问词+动词不定式”结构可与含有宾语从句的复合句进行同义句转换，此时，宾语从句的主语必须和主句的主语一致。 I don't know what to do next. =I don't know what I should do next. 我不知道接下来应该做什么。 ②若疑问词为代词(what,which,who等)，动词不定式中的动词若是及物动词，后面不需再加宾语，若动词不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则应加介词。 I don't know what to say.我不知道说什么。 There're many rooms.I can't decide which to live in. 有许多房间，我无法决定住哪个。 ③若疑问词为副词(how,when,where等)，动词不定式中的动词后面需要补充宾语。 I don't know how to do it. 我不知道怎么做。 【即练1】I don’t know ______ next. A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. when to do 【答案】B 【解析】what 作 do 的宾语，无需额外加宾语；how/where/when 后 do 缺少宾语，句子不完整。 【即练2】She hasn’t decided ______ hotel to live ______. A. which; in B. what; / C. where; in D. which; / 【答案】A 【解析】which hotel 哪一家酒店；live 是不及物动词，live in the hotel，介词 in 不可省略。 【即练3】 同义句转换 I don’t know how I can solve the problem. I don’t know ______ ______ ______ the problem. 【答案】how to solve 【解析】本题考查 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 与宾语从句的同义转换。主句主语和从句主语一致时，可将宾语从句 how I can solve 简化为疑问词 + to do 结构 how to solve。 12、Instead of what he forgets.I keep in mind what he remembers.我记住他还记得的事而不是他忘记的事。（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】(1)辨析：instead of与instead两者都有“代替”的意思，但用法不同，具体如下： instead of 短语介词 其后一般接名词、代词或动词-ing形式 instead 副词 可单独使用，常位于句首或句末 Shall we have vegetables instead of meat today?今天我们吃蔬莱、不吃肉好吗？ I learn English by listening to radio instead of watching English movies. 我通过听广播而不是看英文电影学习英语 If Mary doesn't have time to look after the patients,I can do instead. 如果玛丽没有时间照顾病人，我可以代替她照顾。 (2)keep(....)in mind记在心中；记住 We must keep in mind that hard work leads to success. 我们要牢记：努力才能成功。 Everyone should keep these important words in mind.每个人都应把这些重要的话记在心里 【即练1】I’d like tea ______ coffee. A. instead B. instead of C. take place D. take place of 【答案】B 【解析】后面接名词 coffee，用介词短语 instead of。 【即练2】He didn’t swim. He ran ______. A. instead of B. instead C. replace D. replacing 【答案】B 【解析】空格在句末，无后续宾语，用副词 instead。 【即练3】Keep ______ that you should be honest. A. in mind B. instead C. instead of D. mind 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 keep in mind + that 从句，意为 “牢记……”。 【即练4】改错 She watched TV instead of go out. 改正：_________________________________________ 【答案】She watched TV instead of going out. 【解析】instead of 后接动词需变为动名词 doing。 13、In your case,your grandma still remembers that you love cookies!!就你的情况而言，你奶奶还记得你爱吃饼干呢！（教材第34页，3a) 【详解】in sb's case 就某人的情况而言；相当于in the case of sb,其中case作名词，意为“情况；事实”。 In everyone's case,hard work and responsibility are the key to progress. 对每个人而言，努力与责任都是进步的关键。 In the case of these heroes,they put the people first in everything,.对这些英雄而言，他们在一切事情中都把人民放在首位。 In many cases,reading history helps us love our country more deeply..在很多情况下，阅读历史能帮助我们更加热爱祖国。 【拓展】与case相关的其他短语： in case以防万 in case of如果；假使 in this/that case在这种/那种情况下 【即练1】______ , music helps him reduce stress. A. In case B. In Tom’s case C. In case of D. In many cases 【答案】B 【解析】表达 “就 Tom 而言”，使用 in one’s case。 【即练2】Bring some water ______ you feel thirsty. A. in case B. in case of C. in this case D. in his case 【答案】A 【解析】后面接完整句子，表 “以防”，用 in case。 【即练3】______ heavy rain, the sports meeting will be put off. A. In case B. In case of C. In that case D. In everyone’s case 【答案】B 【解析】后接名词短语 heavy rain，用 in case of 表示 “假使，如果”。 14、He felt sad when he recalled what happened.当他回想起发生了什么事时，他感到很难过。（教材第35页，4c) 【详解】recall〔动词〕回忆起；回想起 不可用于进行时，其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、that/wh-从句等作宾语。recall doing sth回忆起做过某事 I can't recall his name. 我想不起他的名字了。 She recalled seeing him before. 她记得以前见过他。 He tried to recall what happened. 他努力回忆发生了什么。 【拓展】英语中，re-是常见的前缀之一，表示“再；重新；重复”。rebuild重建；再造 retell重述 rewrite重写 reuse再使用 【即练1】I recall ______ this movie with you last year. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 recall doing sth，意为回忆起做过某事。 【即练2】He ______ every word she said. A. is recalling B. recalls C. recall D. was recalling 【答案】B 【解析】recall 不可用于进行时；主语 he 为三单，一般现在时谓语用 recalls。 【即练3】 同义句转换 She remembered she bought this pen. She recalled ______ this pen. 【答案】buying 【解析】remember doing sth = recall doing sth，回忆做过某事。 15、When Mother Fox was on her way home with grapes in her mouth,she shouted out to warn her baby of danger,.狐狸妈妈嘴里叼着葡萄往家走时，大声喊着警告她的宝宝有危险。（教材第35页，4c) 【详解】（1）on one's way home在某人回家的路上； home是副词，前面不加to He bought some books on his way home 他在回家的路上买了一些书。 【注意】on one's way后接here,there,home等地点副词时，不加介词to。 【拓展】on one's way to... 在去…...的路上；to后接表示地点的名词。 We saw many beautiful flowers on our way to the village. 我们在去村庄的路上看到了许多美丽的花。 (2)shout out大声喊；大声说出；呼喊 Don't shout out the answer. 不要大声喊出答案。 The boy shouted out that he would never give. 那个男孩大声喊道他永不放弃。 【拓展】①shout to sb 对某人大声喊叫，因距离远/环境吵，为了让对方听见，无负面情绪。 ②shout at sb对某人大声叫嚷，多因生气、愤怒等情绪，带有指责/不满的语气。 It's too noisy here.You should shout to him. 这儿太吵了，你应该大点儿声对他喊。 Don't shout at me. 别对我大吼大叫。 (3) warn〔及物动词〕警告；告诫；提醒 warn sb of sth 警告某人有某种危险 warn sb about sth 警告某人某事（关于某事） warn sb(not)to do sth 警告某人（不要）做某事 warn sb+that从句 警告某人…... The weather report warns people of heavy rain.天气预报警告人们有大雨。 The teacher warned us about the danger. 老师警告我们注意危险。 We should warn each other to follow the rules. 我们应该互相提醒遵守规则。 History warns us not to forget the past. 历史告诚我们不要忘记过去。 The sign warns people that it's dangerous. 这个标志警告人们这里很危险。 【拓展】warning〔名词〕警告；警示 Look at that warning! 看那个警告！ 【即练1】You can ______ your opinion so everyone can hear. A. shout at B. shout out C. shout to D. shout for 【答案】B 【解析】shout out 大声说出观点，符合句意。 【即练2】He had to ______ her because of the loud music. A. shout at B. shout out C. shout to D. shout 【答案】C 【解析】音乐太吵，需要大声喊话让对方听见，无生气情绪，用 shout to。 【即练3】The teacher warned us ______ play with fire. A. to not B. not to C. don’t D. not 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 warn sb not to do sth 警告某人不要做某事。 16、The more you review what you learn,the more likely you will remember it.复习所学内容越多，就越有可能记住它。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】likely〔形容词)可能的 be likely to do sth很可能做某事 It is likely that... …...是很可能的。 If you keep trying,you are likely to make progress. 如果你坚持尝试，就很可能取得进步。 It is likely that he will come. 他很可能会来。 【即练1】The little girl ______ cry when she sees strangers. A. likely to B. is likely to C. likely D. be likely 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 be likely to do，主语 girl 为单数，be 动词用 is。 【即练2】______ that we will have a holiday next week. A. It likely B. It is likely C. That is likely D. Likely 【答案】B 【解析】固定句型 It is likely that…，it 作形式主语。 【即练3】 同义句改写 It is likely that she will forget the plan. She ______ ______ ______ forget the plan. 【答案】is likely to 【解析】It is likely that 从句 可转换为 sb be likely to do sth。 17、However,you should not wear out your brain. 不过，你不应该过度消耗大脑。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】wear out ①使疲乏 Working all day wore her out. 工作了一整天，她累坏了。 We shouldn't wear out our energy on meaning-less things. 我们不应该把精力消耗在无意义的事情上。 ②磨损；穿破 The machine has worn out. 这台机器已经磨损了。 He wore out two pairs of shoes last year. 去年他穿坏了两双鞋。 【即练1】The long walk ______ us out yesterday. A. wear B. wore C. worn D. wears 【答案】B 【解析】yesterday 为过去时，wear 的过去式是 wore。 【即练2】Your shoes are ______. You need to buy new ones. A. wear out B. wore out C. worn out D. wearing out 【答案】C 【解析】be worn out 表示物品穿破、磨损。 【即练3】 同义句转换 The hard training made him very tired. The hard training ______ ______ ______. 【答案】wore him out 【解析】wear sb out 使某人疲惫，过去式 wore。 18、You can also review information by discussing it with others or by teaching others.你也可以通过和他人讨论或教别人来复习信息。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】discuss〔动词)讨论，商量； 其名词形式为discussion“讨论”。 discuss sth with sb(=have a discussion about/sth with sb) 和某人讨论某事 In class,you can discuss problems by working in groups. 在课堂上，你们可以通过小组合作来讨论问题。 You needn't discuss this matter with me. =You needn't have a discussion about this matter with me.你不必和我讨论这件事。 【注意】discuss不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句 They are discussing how to do it. 他们正在讨论怎样做这件事。 【即练1】My parents ______ my future plan last night. A. discussed with me about B. discussed me C. discussed with me D. discussed about me 【答案】C 【解析】discuss sth with sb，本句 sth 为 my future plan，with me 放在句末，选 C；discuss 后不加 about。 【即练2】We are discussing ______ improve our English. A. to B. how to C. how D. / 【答案】B 【解析】discuss 后不能直接加 to do，需搭配疑问词 how，构成 how to do 结构。 【即练3】 同义句转换 She had a discussion about the trip with Lisa. She ______ the trip ______ Lisa. 【答案】discussed; with 【解析】have a discussion about sth with sb = discuss sth with sb。 19、A third way is to make use of senses. 第三种方法是利用感官。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】(1)动词不定式（短语）作表语 句中to make use of senses意为“利用感官”，是动词不定式短语作表语。动词不定式放在系动词(be动词为主)之后作表语，用来说明主语的身份、性质、目的、内容或将来动作。 My dream is to be a doctor. 我的梦想是成为一名医生。 The most important thing is to keep healthy. 最重要的事是保持健康 Her wish is to travel around the world. 她的愿望是环游世界。 (2)make use of... 利用…... use前可加good,full等，表示“好好利用，充分利用”。 We should make use of time. 我们应该利用时间。 Try to make good use of your free time. 尽量好好利用你的空闲时间。 【即练1】My hobby ______ collect all kinds of stamps. A. is to B. to C. be to D. to be 【答案】A 【解析】不定式作表语，主语 hobby 为单数，be 动词用 is。 【即练2】 同义句转换 We should make full use of natural resources. We should ______ natural resources ______ good use. 【答案】put; to 【解析】make full/good use of sth = put sth to good use。 20、You can also create a story with information and view it in your mind like a film.你也可以把信息编成故事，像看电影一样在脑海中回顾。（教材第36页，1b) 【详解】view ①〔动词〕看；观看 People came from all over the world to view her work. 人们从世界各地涌来看她的作品。 We plan to view the film about memory this weekend. 我们计划本周末观看这部有关记忆的电影。 ②〔名词〕风景；视野；观点；看法 in view意为“进入视野”；in one's view意为“在某人看来”。 There is a beautiful view from the top. 从顶上看风景很美。 There was nobody in view. 一个人也看不见。 In my view,hard work is the key to success. 在我看来，努力是成功的关键。 【即练1】Lots of visitors went to ______ the famous art show. A. view B. view of C. views D. viewing 【答案】A 【解析】不定式 to 后用动词原形 view，意为 “观赏”。 【即练2】______, we should make full use of free time. A. In my view B. My view C. In view D. Views 【答案】A 【解析】固定搭配 in one's view，表示 “在我看来”。 【即练3】When we reached the mountain top, the whole city was ______. A. in my view B. in view C. view D. views 【答案】B 【解析】in view 看得见、进入视野，符合山顶俯瞰全城的语境。 21、You need to remember an address until you find a piece of paper to write it down.你需要记住一个地址，直到找到一张纸把它写下来。（教材第37页，1c) 【详解】until〔连词或介词)〕直到…...为止；用作连词时引导时间状语从句（此句中用作连词)；用作介词时后接名词、代词等。until的用法如下： ①当until用于肯定句时，主句(until用作连词时)或句子(until用作介词时)的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止。 I waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。（连词） He watched TV until midnight last night. 他昨天晚上看电视一直到半夜。（介词） ②当until用于否定句时，构成not...until... 结构，意为“直到…...才......”，主句(until用作连词时)或句子(until用作介词时)的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，表示动作或状态直到until所表示的时间才发生。 I won't leave until the rain stops. 直到雨停我才会离开。（连词） He didn't go home until ten o'clock. 他直到10点才回家。（介词） 【注意】until的同义词为till,但until可以放在句首，而till不能。 I hadn't realized the thing was so serious until/till she told me about it. =Until she told me about it,I hadn't realized the thing was so serious.直到她告诉我，我才意识到这件事如此严重。 【即练1】I ______ here until my friend comes back. A. leave B. won’t leave C. will leave D. left 【答案】B 【解析】leave 是短暂动词，需用 not…until 结构，表示 “直到朋友回来我才离开”。 【即练2】We talked ______ the sun went down. A. until B. till C. A and B D. unless 【答案】C 【解析】句中位置，until 和 till 均可使用；talk 为延续性动词，肯定句适用。 22、The customer reacted badly to the price increase,.这位顾客对涨价反应很强烈。（教材第38页，2b) 【详解】increase ①〔名词)增长 The increase in population caused a shortage of food. 人口增加导致粮食短缺。 ②〔及物动词〕增加 Reading can not only increase our knowledge,but also bring us pleasure. 阅读不仅能增长我们的知识，而且能给我们带来快乐。 ③〔不及物动词〕增加；增长 increase to 增加到…... increase by增加了....... The population of the area is increasing quickly. 这个地区的人口在快速增长。 The population of this city will increase to1,000,000 . 这个城市的人口将增加到100万。 The price of the vegetables there increasedby10%. 那儿蔬菜的价格上涨了10%。 【即练1】The number of students ______ 800 last year. A. increased by B. increased to C. increase D. increase in 【答案】B 【解析】800 是最终总数，用 increase to；last year 为过去时。 【即练2】The cost ______ 15% because of the bad weather. A. increased to B. increased by C. an increase in D. increases 【答案】B 【解析】15% 是上涨幅度，搭配 increase by。 【即练3】There is a big ______ young people who love traditional culture. A. increase in B. increase to C. increase by D. increasing 【答案】A 【解析】an increase in …… 方面的增长，固定搭配。 23、In the past,I always felt stressed when I had to give a speech.过去，我每次要演讲时都会感到很有压力。（教材第39页，3a) 【详解】stressed〔形容词〕焦虑的；紧张的；压力大的不能用在名词前作定语。feel stressed感到有压力 be stressed out压力大；筋疲力尽 Listening to music can make you less stressed. 听音乐能让你不那么紧张。 It's normal to feel stressed before exams. 考试前感到紧张是正常的。 She is stressed out these days. 她这些天压力很大。 【拓展】stress〔不可数名词〕精神压力；心理负担 Too much stress is bad for your health. 太大的压力对你的健康有害。 Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 人在压力之下做事情容易出错。 【即练1】Many students ______ before big exams. A. feel stressed B. feel stressful C. stressed out D. stress 【答案】A 【解析】主语是人，用 stressed；缺少谓语动词，故选 feel stressed。 【即练2】He is ______ because of too much homework. A. stress B. stressed out C. stressful D. under stressed 【答案】B 【解析】be stressed out 固定短语，压力巨大。 【即练3】______ makes it hard for us to sleep well. A. Stressed B. Stress C. Stressful D. Under stress 【答案】B 【解析】此处作句子主语，需要名词 stress（压力）。 24、Another method is to divide the speech into short sections.另一种方法是把演讲稿分成几个短部分。（教材第39页，3a) divide〔动词)〕（把…）分成 divide sth into... 把某物分为…... We can divide our work into small steps to finish it easily. 我们可以把工作分成小步骤，轻松完成。 The students are divided into four groups. 学生被分成四个小组。 【即练1】Please ______ the paper ______ two pieces. A. divide; into B. divide; in C. divided; into D. divides; into 【答案】A 【解析】本句为祈使句，please 后接动词原形；固定搭配 divide…into…。 【即练2】All the players ______ four teams for the game. A. divide into B. are divided into C. divided into D. is divided into 【答案】B 【解析】队员是 “被分组”，用被动语态；players 为复数，be 动词用 are。 25、Nobody knows my speech except me.了我之外，没人熟悉我的演讲稿。（教材第39页，3a) 辨析：except与besides except 除…..之外(没有…....) 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物，表示一种排除关系，有“减去”之意 besides 除…...之外(还有…...) 指在整体中加入一部分，表示一种累加关系，有“加上”之意 We are all here except Tom. 除汤姆之外，我们都在这里了。 Besides milk,we need vegetables. 除了牛奶，我们还需要蔬菜。 【即练1】All students went to the park ______ Lucy. She was ill at home. A. besides B. except C. without D. with 【答案】B 【解析】露西生病没去，要排除她，用 except。 【即练2】______ math, I also study physics and chemistry. A. Except B. Besides C. Beside D. Except for 【答案】B 【解析】数学是原本学习的科目，另外还有物理化学，表追加用 besides。 26、If I do forget some words,I shouldn't panic..如果真的忘记了一些词，我也不应该慌张。（教材第39页，3a) 【详解】do表强调；句中do forget意为“真的忘记”，其中do表示强调。助动词do放在谓语动词前起强调作用，用来表达说话者的一种强烈的感情，do要重读，意为“确实；一定；务必；的确”等，后接动词原形。do随主语的人称、数和句子时态的变化而变化，但只有三种形式，即do,does和did。 I do believe you. 我确实相信你。 She does work hard. 她的确努力学习。 They did finish their homework. 他们真的完成了作业。 【注意】“do/does/did+动词原形”表强调不能用于否定句，用在祈使句中表示请求、命令或鼓励，语气更强烈。 Do be careful! 一定要小心！ 【即练1】He ______ know the answer, but he doesn’t want to tell us. A. do B. does C. did D. is 【答案】B 【解析】主语 he 是三单，一般现在时，用 does 后接动词原形 know 表强调。 【即练2】______ try your best, and you will make it. A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Doing 【答案】A 【解析】祈使句开头用 Do 加强语气，意为 “一定要尽全力”。 【即练3】They ______ finish all the work yesterday. A. do B. does C. did D. are 【答案】C 【解析】yesterday 为过去时，统一用 did + 动词原形。 一、单项选择 1．If we don’t save water, it will ________ soon in some dry areas. A．run out B．run out of C．use up D．be run out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们不节约用水，在一些干旱地区水很快就会用完。 run out（某物）被耗尽、用完，主语为事物（本句it指代water），无被动语态； run out of/use up主语必须是人，结构为sb. run out of sth./sb. use up sth.，本句主语it指代water，二者不可选用； will后接动词原形，be run out形式错误，run out无被动。故填run out。 2．You should put one teaspoon of sugar into the water . Then ________. A．mix it up B．mix up it C．mix them up D．mix up them 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该往水里放一茶匙的糖，然后混合一下。mix up混合，是一个固定短语，跟代词作宾语时，代词应放在短语中间，故先排除B和D；根据句意可知，这里表示把糖和水混合一下，应用复数代词，故应选C。 3．You should pay attention to ________ the teacher carefully in class. A．listen to B．listening to C．hear D．hearing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该在课堂上注意认真听老师讲课。 listening to是动名词短语；listen to是动词原形短语；hearing是动名词；hear是动词原形。pay attention to中to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，排除 A、C；listen to强调“听”的动作，hear强调“听”的结果。根据句中carefully可知强调认真听的动作过程。 4．I’m hungry. Do you have ________ to eat? A．delicious something B．something delicious C．anything delicious D．delicious anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我饿了。你有什么好吃的东西吗？ 形容词修饰不定代词时应后置，因此排除形容词前置的选项。something常用于肯定句或表示请求、建议及期望得到肯定回答的疑问句；anything 常用于否定句或疑问句。应填anything delicious。 5．The entrance is too ________ for your car ________. You’d better change your way. A．narrow; to go B．wide enough; to go C．narrow; to go through D．wide; to go through 【答案】C 【详解】句意：入口太窄了，你的车过不去。你最好换条路。 narrow狭窄的；go走；wide enough足够宽；go through穿过；wide宽的。根据后句“You’d better change your way.”可知车无法通过，入口太窄，第一空填narrow，排除B、D。go是不及物动词，后接宾语entrance需加介词through，构成go through表示“穿过”，第二空填to go through，排除A。 6．I ________ meet my old classmate on my way home last Sunday. A．happened to B．happen to C．was happened to D．happened doing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上周日我在回家路上偶遇老同学。 happen to do sth.是固定用法，意为“碰巧做某事”，根据“last Sunday”可知，此处用一般过去时，且happen无被动。 7．—We usually use We Chat to chat with each other online. —That’s great. But I don’t know ________ it. A．what to use B．what can I use C．how can I use D．how to use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们通常用微信在网上互相聊天。——太好了。但是我不知道如何使用它。 know后接“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。use是及物动词，后面已有宾语it，因此不能用what引导，只能用how表示方式。B、C选项语序错误，不符合语法规则。故选D。 8．—What about going boating on the river? —Let’s ________ by the river ________. I think it’s more interesting. A．camp; instead of B．camping; instead C．camping; instead of D．camp; instead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在河上划船怎么样？——让我们改为在河边露营吧。我觉得它更有趣。 camp露营；instead of代替，而不是；instead代替，反而，却。Let’s后接动词原形，故第一空填camp；instead是副词，常置于句末，instead of是介词短语，后接名词或动名词，第二空后无宾语，故填instead。故选D。 9．—Do you know how to ________ the reading speed? —The more you read, the faster you’ll be. A．satisfy B．invent C．increase 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道如何提高阅读速度吗？——你读得越多，你就越快。 satisfy满足；invent发明；increase增加，提高。答语“The more you read, the faster you’ll be.”提示，读得越多速度越快，因此询问的是如何提高阅读速度。应填increase。 10．Humans divided a year ________ four seasons according to the cycle of nature. A．on B．into C．with D．at 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人类根据自然循环将一年分成四个季节。 考查介词辨析。on在……上；into进入；with用；at在。此处是固定搭配“divide...into...”，表示“把……分成……”，应填入into。故选B。 二、根据汉语提示填写短语 1．Don’t waste water, or we will _______________ it soon. (用完；耗尽) 【答案】run out of 【详解】句意：不要浪费水，否则我们很快就会将它耗尽。括号提示词义为“用完；耗尽”，固定短语run out of符合含义，will后接动词原形。 2．Please _____________________ (注意) the traffic lights when crossing the road. 【答案】 pay attention to 【详解】句意：过马路时请注意交通信号灯。pay attention to表示“注意”，固定搭配。句子以Please开头，为祈使句，需用动词原形开头。故填pay；attention；to。 3．The students should read aloud ________________ (代替) reading silently in the morning. 【答案】 instead of 【详解】句意：早上学生们应该大声朗读，而不是默读。instead of为固定短语，后接名词、代词或动名词形式，空格后是动名词reading，符合搭配要求。 4．James _______________ and threw himself to the floor when his shirt caught fire. (大声喊叫) 【答案】shouted out 【详解】句意：詹姆斯的衬衫着火时，他大声喊叫着扑倒在地。“大声喊叫”对应的英文短语是“shouted out”，句中“threw”是过去式，说明动作发生在过去，所以此处用“shouted out”。故填shouted out。 5．Successful learners may _____________ by writing down difficult words or drawing mind maps. (记笔记) 【答案】take notes 【详解】句意：成功的学习者可以通过记录难词、绘制思维导图的方式记笔记。take notes“记笔记”，动词短语，may后跟动词原形。 6．Please ____________________ (弄清楚，查明白) when the train will leave. 【答案】find out 【详解】句意：请弄清楚火车什么时候离开。根据中文提示可知，“弄清楚，查明白”对应的英文短语是find out，该句是祈使句，以动词原形开头，所以此处find用原形。 7．After using the computer for a long time, remember to ________________________ (休息一下). 【答案】 take a break 【详解】句意：长时间使用电脑后，记得休息一下。固定搭配“remember to do sth.”表示“记得去做某事”，“take a break”意为“休息一下”，与题目语境相符。故填take；a；break。 8．In the contest, we need to _________________ in English to make it more engaging. (发表演讲) 【答案】give a speech/make a speech/give speeches/make speeches 【详解】句意：在比赛中，我们需要用英语发表演讲，以使它更有吸引力。根据“In the contest, we need to...in English to make it more engaging.”可知，句子表述需要用英语“发表演讲”。“发表演讲”英文表达为“give a speech”、“make a speech”、“give speeches”或“make speeches”。“need to”后面接动词原形。故填give a speech/make a speech/give speeches/make speeches。 9．Don’t be angry with him. ___________________, he is just a little kid.（毕竟） 【答案】After all 【详解】句意：别生他的气，毕竟他还只是个小孩子。括号内提示“毕竟”，对应的短语是after all，句首首字母需大写，故填After all。 10．You must ________ (确保) all the lights are off before you leave. 【答案】make sure 【详解】句意：你离开之前一定要确保所有的灯都已关闭。情态动词must后接动词原形；表示“确保”的短语是make sure。 三、根据所给词的适当形式填空 1．The bad news made the girl cry loudly with great ________(sad). 【答案】sadness 【详解】句意：这个坏消息使女孩伤心地大声哭泣。sad“伤心的”，为形容词。此处需要名词作介词with的宾语，表示“悲伤”，故用其名词形式sadness。 2．We had a ________ (discuss) about the best ways to learn a foreign language. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：我们就学习外语的最佳方法进行了一次讨论。句中冠词a后面需要接名词，提示词discuss是动词，需要变为名词形式discussion。 3．I often share the meaning of ________ (happy) in our lives with my friends. 【答案】happiness 【详解】句意：我经常与朋友分享生活中幸福的意义。“of”是介词，介词后接名词作宾语，“happy”是形容词，其名词形式为happiness，意为幸福；快乐，故填happiness。 4．His ________ (appear) made us surprised. 【答案】appearance 【详解】句意：他的出现让我们感到惊讶。此处需要名词作主语，表示“出现”，appear的名词形式为appearance。 5．Keep _________ (walk) until you reach the traffic lights. 【答案】walking 【详解】句意：一直走，直到你到达红绿灯处。“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，需接动名词作宾语。“walk”的动名词形式为“walking”。 6．Did you pay attention to ________ (listen) to the teacher? 【答案】listening 【详解】句意：你注意听老师讲课了吗？固定短语pay attention to中to是介词，后接动名词形式，listen的动名词为listening。 7．I’ll try ________ (find) out who lives in the room next door. 【答案】to find 【详解】句意：我会尽力找出谁住在隔壁房间。固定搭配“try to do sth.”表示“尽力做某事”，后接动词不定式，故填to find。 8．Doctors advise us ________ (wear) masks to protect ourselves from the illness in public places. 【答案】to wear 【详解】句意：医生建议我们在公共场所佩戴口罩来保护自己免受疾病侵害。句中“advise”为谓语动词，提示其后接人加动词时应用不定式结构。固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”，wear需变为不定式形式to wear。 9．The teacher makes him ________ (read) English every day. 【答案】read 【详解】句意：老师让他每天读英语。句中“makes him...”提示makes是使役动词make的第三人称单数形式，短语make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”，在主动语态中，使役动词make后需接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此处用来补充说明宾语him的动作，括号内给的提示词read本身就是动词原形，符合用法要求。故填read。 10．I think children shouldn’t spend too much time ________ (play) computer games. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：我认为孩子们不应该花费太多时间玩电脑游戏。本句包含固定搭配“spend time (in) doing sth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，介词“in”可以省略，后面需要接动词的动名词形式。括号内动词“play”的动名词形式为“playing”。 四、完形填空 Most people wish they had better memories. But do you know that we have 1 kinds of memories? There are a few simple things that everyone can do to 2 their memories. Our 3 to remember things from the past depends on two kinds of memories. They are remote（久远的）memory and 4 memory. Think back to last year’s birthday. What did you do? 5 you can’t remember that, you are having a problem with your remote memory. If you can’t remember what you 6 for breakfast yesterday, there’s something wrong with your recent memory. Remembering past 7 is only one of the ways we use memories. When taking a test, we need our semantic（语义的）memories. This is 8 how we remember the knowledge we’ve learned. If we want to 9 to do or use something in the future, either minutes or days from now on, we will use our immediate and future memories 10 a bad memory is avoidable as we’re getting old, 11 we can take some steps to keep good memories. Of our five kinds of memories, immediate and remote do not break down with age. But how can we prevent 12 semantic and future memories from disappearing? The 13 is to have some activities. Studies have shown that a few mental（脑力的）activities, like taking up new things, goes a long way in positively affecting our memories. Regular physical exercise can 14 make our memories better. The one thing to avoid at all costs though, is stress. What can help to 15 our mental abilities? It’s to reduce stress through exercise, or other activities. 1．A．different B．similar C．special D．same 2．A．increase B．improve C．show D．fix 3．A．ability B．support C．doubt D．habit 4．A．past B．new C．short D．recent 5．A．If B．Although C．Because D．So 6．A．drew B．liked C．ate D．washed 7．A．events B．periods C．courses D．speeches 8．A．from B．for C．without D．about 9．A．cause B．warm C．remember D．forget 10．A．At once B．By accident C．In fact D．In advance 11．A．but B．and C．unless D．when 12．A．our B．your C．his D．their 13．A．cost B．price C．secret D．wealth 14．A．also B．ever C．sill D．only 15．A．change B．catch C．keep D．run 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文介绍了一些改善记忆的方式。 1．句意：但你知道我们有不同的记忆吗？ different不同的；similar相似的；special特殊的；same相同的。根据“They are remote（久远的）memory and...memory.”可知，有不同种类的记忆，故选A。 2．句意：每个人都可以做一些简单的事情来改善记忆。 increase增加；improve改善；show展示；fix安装。根据后文的介绍可知，此处说的是改善记忆，故选B。 3．句意：我们记忆过去事物的能力取决于两种记忆。 ability能力；support支持；doubt怀疑；habit习惯。根据“to remember things from the past”可知，此处指的是记忆事情的能力，故选A。 4．句意：它们是久远的记忆和最近的记忆。 past过去的；new新的；short短的；recent最近的。根据“remote”可知，此处是与前面形容词对立的形容词，结合“there’s something wrong with your recent memory.”可知，应是“最近的记忆”，故选D。 5．句意：如果你记不住了，你的久远的记忆有问题。 If如果；Although尽管；Because因为；So因此。根据“you can’t remember that, you are having a problem with your remote memory”可知，两句之间是假设的条件关系，应用if引导条件状语从句，故选A。 6．句意：如果你记不起昨天早餐吃了什么，那么你最近的记忆有问题。 drew画；liked喜欢；ate吃；washed洗。根据“for breakfast”可知，此处指的是“吃了什么”，故选C。 7．句意：记住过去的事情只是我们使用记忆的方式之一。 events事情；periods时期；courses课程；speeches演讲。根据“Remembering past...is only one of the ways we use memories.”可知，记住事情只是使用记忆的一种方式，故选A。 8．句意：这是关于我们如何记住我们学过的知识。 from从……；for为了；without没有；about关于。根据“When taking a test, we need our semantic（语义的）memories. This is...how we remember the knowledge we’ve learned”可知，考试的时候，记忆是关于学过的知识的，故选D。 9．句意：如果我们想记住在未来几分钟或几天后做或使用的事，我们就会使用我们的即时记忆和未来记忆。 cause引起；warm温暖；remember记住；forget忘记。根据“to do or use something in the future, ether minutes or days from now on, we will use our immediate and future memories”可知，是要记住事情，故选C。 10．句意：事实上，随着年龄的增长，糟糕的记忆是可以避免的。 At once立刻；By accident偶然；In fact事实上；In advance预先，提前。根据“a bad memory is avoidable as we’re getting old”可知，此处指的是“事实上”，故选C。 11．句意：我们可以采取一些措施来保持好记忆。 but但是；and和；unless除非；when当……时。空格前后是并列的顺承关系，应用and连接，故选B。 12．句意：但我们如何才能防止语义记忆和未来记忆消失呢？ our我们的；your你的；his他的；their他们的。句子主语是“we”，此处应用our表示，故选A。 13．句意：秘诀是进行一些活动。 cost花费；price价格；secret秘密；wealth财富。根据“how can we prevent...semantic and future memories from disappearing?”可知，此处是介绍防止记忆消失的秘诀，故选C。 14．句意：定期的体育锻炼也能让我们的记忆力更好。 also也；ever曾经；sill仍然；only只有。根据“Studies have shown that a few mental（脑力的）activities, like taking up new things, goes a long way in positively affecting our memories. Regular physical exercise can...make our memories better.”可知，前面说了一些脑力活动对记忆有积极影响，此处继续说体育锻炼也能帮助记忆，表示“也”，肯定句句中用also，故选A。 15．句意：什么能帮助我们保持心理能力？ change改变；catch抓住；keep保持；run跑。根据“What can help to...our mental abilities? It’s to reduce stress through exercise, or other activities.”可知，此处说的是保持心理能力，故选C。 五、阅读理解 Good Habits Help Your Memory Memory is very important for middle school students. Many students complain that they can’t remember knowledge well. In fact, bad living and study habits are the main reasons. Here are some good habits to protect your memory. First, get enough sleep every night. When you sleep, your brain sorts out and stores what you have learned during the day. If you sleep less than seven hours, your brain can’t work well the next day. You will feel sleepy and hard to focus in class. Second, keep your brain active. Don’t always spend time on short videos or games. Try reading books, doing word puzzles or learning a new skill. These activities can make your brain keep working and not become slow easily. Third, learn to relax properly. Too much study pressure makes you worried and stressed. When you are nervous, your memory will become poor. You can take a walk, listen to light music or talk with your friends to relax. Fourth, learn to review regularly. Forgetting is natural, but regular review can slow down the speed of forgetting. Review your notes every evening, and you will turn short-term memory into long-term memory little by little. Good habits are not hard to keep. If you stick to them, you will find your memory becoming better day by day. 1．What is the main reason for poor memory of many students? A．Too much sleep. B．Bad study and living habits. C．Too many after-class activities. D．Learning too many difficult words. 2．What does the underlined phrase “sorts out” mean? A．整理梳理 B．随意丢弃 C．快速遗忘 D．反复朗读 3．Which activity can keep your brain active according to the passage? A．Watching short videos all day. B．Playing games without stop. C．Doing word puzzles and reading. D．Sleeping for a long time. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．We need less than seven hours’ sleep every day. B．Pressure has nothing to do with our memory. C．Regular review helps keep memory longer. D．Playing phones can make our brain smarter. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了保护和提升初中生记忆力的四个好习惯，包括保证充足睡眠、保持大脑活跃、适当进行放松以及定期进行复习。 1．根据第一段中“In fact, bad living and study habits are the main reasons.”可知，不良的生活和学习习惯是许多学生记忆力差的主要原因。 2．根据第二段首句“First, get enough sleep every night.”以及划线短语后的并列词“stores what you have learned during the day”可知，大脑在人们睡觉时会对白天所学内容进行处理并储存。为了更好地“储存”知识，大脑需要先对这些杂乱的信息进行系统的组织与分类，即“整理梳理”，从而使两动作在逻辑上相辅相成。因此，划线短语“sorts out”在文中意为“整理梳理”。 3．根据第三段中“Try reading books, doing word puzzles or learning a new skill. These activities can make your brain keep working and not become slow easily.”可知，读书、做单词拼图或学习新技能等活动可以使大脑保持运转，即保持大脑活跃。 4．根据第五段中的“Forgetting is natural, but regular review can slow down the speed of forgetting. Review your notes every evening, and you will turn short-term memory into long-term memory little by little.”可知，定期复习可以减缓遗忘的速度，并将短期记忆转化为长期记忆，即帮助保持更长久的记忆。 六、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 You might have a friend or a classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. 1 , in fact, there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory. First of all, interest is important when remembering things. We all agree that we don’t have difficulty 2 (remember) the things we are interested in. You can make 3 (you) have more interest by asking questions—the more, the better! Secondly, researchers 4 (find) that information which is organized in groups can be 5 (easy) remembered so far. Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook reading to help group the information. Moreover, when you’re learning new materials, you should spend the time 6 (think) about the relationship between the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating 7 thinking. Then it helps you remember information. Last but not least, physical exercise is also important for your memory 8 it increases your heart rate and offers more oxygen (氧气) to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress which is very 9 (harm) to the memory. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the methods above. I’m sure that you 10 (improve) your memory and get more out of it. 【答案】 1．However 2．remembering 3．yourself 4．have found 5．easily 6．thinking 7．without 8．because 9．harmful 10．will improve 【解析】本文主要介绍了如何增强记忆力的方法。 1．句意：记忆力好通常被视为天生，而记忆力差则被看作无法改变。但是，实际上，有许多方法可以帮助你改善记忆力。根据“A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. ... , in fact, there are plenty of things that you can do to improve your memory.”可知，“记忆力好通常被视为天生，而记忆力差则被看作无法改变”与“有许多方法可以帮助你改善记忆力”是转折关系，可用However“但是”来连接，符合题意。故填However。 2．句意：我们都同意，记住我们感兴趣的事情并不难。根据“We all agree that we don’t have difficulty ... ”可知，have difficulty in doing sth“在做……方面有困难”，动词需用动名词形式。故填remembering。 3．句意：你可以通过提问来让你自己产生更多兴趣——问题提得越多，效果就越好！根据“You can make ... have more interest by asking questions—the more, the better!”可知，应该是你可以通过提问来让“你自己”产生更多兴趣，此处需要反身代词。故填yourself。 4．句意：其次，到目前为止，研究人员发现，分组组织的信息更容易被记住。根据“researchers ... that information which is organized in groups can be ... remembered so far.”可知，so far是现在完成时态的标志，且主语是复数，应用have done结构。故填have found。 5．句意：其次，到目前为止，研究人员发现，分组组织的信息更容易被记住。根据“researchers ... that information which is organized in groups can be ... remembered so far.”可知，修饰动词需用副词，easily“容易地”。故填easily。 6．句意：此外，当你学习新材料时，你应该花时间思考当前信息和你已经知道的信息之间的关系，而不是不假思索地重复。根据“you should spend the time ... about the relationship between the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating ... thinking.”可知，spend doing sth“花……做某事”，为固定搭配，所以动词要变成动名词。故填thinking。 7．句意：此外，当你学习新材料时，你应该花时间思考当前信息和你已经知道的信息之间的关系，而不是不假思索地重复。根据“you should spend the time ... about the relationship between the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating ... thinking.”可知，是指不需要“不”假思索地重复，需要表示否定的介词，without“没有”。故填without。 8．句意：最后但并非最不重要的是，体育锻炼对你的记忆力也很重要，因为它可以提高你的心率，为你的大脑提供更多的氧气，从而使你的记忆力更好。根据“physical exercise is also important for your memory ... it increases your heart rate and offers more oxygen (氧气) to your brain, and that makes your memory work better.”可知，“体育锻炼对记忆力也很重要”是因为“它可以提高你的心率，为你的大脑提供更多的氧气，从而使你的记忆力更好”，是因果关系，前果后因，用连词because来连接。故填because。 9．句意：运动还可以减轻对记忆力有害的压力。根据“reduce stress which is very ... ”可知，此处需要形容词作表语，harmful“有害的”。故填harmful。 10．句意：我确信你将改善你的记忆，并从中收获更多。根据“So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the methods above. I’m sure that you ... your memory and get more out of it.”可知，此处是对未来的预判，应用一般将来时态。故填will improve。 $