Unit 5 Working the Land 主语从句（核心语法精练）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Working the Land 核心语法精练（主语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 4 二、完成句子 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 15 一、主语从句的基本用法 1．主语从句的引导词 [观察例句] That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将要来伦敦是这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息。 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 它是否对我们有害还有待观察。 What I have seen today has made a very deep impression on me. 今天我的所见所闻给我留下了非常深刻的印象。 Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 触犯本法者应予以罚款。 Whichever(of you)comes in first will receive a prize. (你们中)谁先进来谁就会得奖。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行一次会议是个重要的问题。 Where we shall do the test is still under discussion. 我们在什么地方做这个测试还在讨论中。 [归纳用法] 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that, whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when, where, how, why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 2．it作形式主语 [观察例句] It's possible that he has been to Beijing. 他有可能去过北京。 It's a pity that you didn't attend the meeting. 你没参加这次会议太可惜了。 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。 It is suggested that the meeting be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 [归纳用法] 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important, (un)likely，possible, necessary, natural, wrong等。 It＋系动词＋名词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。 It＋系动词＋过去分词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词，有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等。 It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。 [名师点津] (1)在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 (2)在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 二、主语从句中应注意的问题 1．从句要用陈述语序 How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。 2．主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much. 毕业后到哪儿找一份工作使他很困惑。 [名师点津]　what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 (2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear. 他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空 ①When we will set off is(be)still under discussion. ②When and where the meeting will be held has(have)not been decided. 一、单句语法填空 1． started as a difficult challenge has turned out to be a valuable experience for all the team members. 2．It is obvious that truly matters in life is not fame but inner peace. 3． we can talk straightforwardly depends on what communication occasions we are on. 4． attracts me most about the trip is the natural scenery along the way. 5．After the fire, would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes. 6． will win the English speech contest is still unknown. 7． you decide to do should be based on your own interest. 8． book is more interesting has been discussed in our reading group. 9． the next movie marathon will start is decided by our group leader. 10． notebook was left on the desk is a question for the monitor. 11．It’s a pity we often overlook small details that affect the final result. 12． most travelers desire is a safe and comfortable journey rather than a hasty one. 13．It’s expected   the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence. 14． this traditional therapy can cure chronic back pain is under debated. 15． we must finish homework on time is the teacher’s requirement. 16．It is still uncertain the team will postpone the match or not. 17． we will hold the annual meeting has not been determined yet. 18．It is reported a new high-speed railway will be built between the two cities next year. 19． the ancient city was located remains a mystery to historians. 20． the meeting will be held in the hall is still a problem. 21． you can’t miss is the Hand-copied Newspaper Competition on April 4. 22．It is estimated two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. 23． was once a cultural campaign has become a matter of public law. 24． seemed impossible a decade ago has now become a reality in the field of artificial intelligence. 25． we can protect the ancient cultural relics well or not depends on the joint efforts of the whole society. 26． drives young people to visit these stores today is simple. 27．Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 28．It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 29． traditional Chinese calligraphy reflects is celebrated not just as an art form but as a philosophical practice rooted in millennia-old (有千年历史的) spiritual traditions — the artist’s inner harmony with nature. 30． ancient silk routes facilitated cross-cultural exchanges is no less significant than what archaeological findings reveal about their economic impact; both demonstrate humanity’s enduring pursuit of interconnectedness. 二、完成句子 31．________________ will be punished. 任何人触犯法律都会受到惩罚。 32．________________ will receive a prize. 谁先爬上山顶，谁就会得奖。 33．我们是否去爬山要看天气而定。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ depends on the weather. 34．____________________________________ is still a puzzle. 那个迷路的孩子去了哪里仍然是个谜。 35．____________________________________ has not been tested. 这台机器运转如何还没有测试。 36．贫困地区的孩子们最渴望的是上学。 ________________ the children in poor areas ________________ is to go to school. 37．__________________________ made me feel confused. 作者写的东西让我感到困惑。 38．But we need to ________________________________ is often not the whole truth about a person. 但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。 39．________________ is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许就是它得以流行起来的基础。 40．这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。 It is still under discussion ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ with a modern hotel or not. 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江温州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 1 scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution—the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 2 was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 3 (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 4 (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he 5 (rent) sandy land in Yulin, determined to make something grow. His early 6 (experiment) with grapes and date trees ended in failure, drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance (毅力) led him 7 (shift) his focus to apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he 8 (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 9 brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known 10 its vast stretches of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. （25-26高二上·河北唐山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping considered himself a farmer, 1 (devote) himself to the farmers he served. In his youth, Yuan faced a tough choice. His parents wanted him 2 (pursue) a career in science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was the poor harvests of 3 (crop) and the resulting food shortage. Thus, he chose agriculture at Southwest Agricultural College. After graduating in 1953, Yuan worked as a researcher. It was during this period that he 4 (convince) that the answer could be found in the 5 (create) of hybrid rice. Having overcome huge technical difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice for farming in 1974, 6 enabled farmers to expand their output significantly. Today, about 60% of China’s rice comes from varieties 7 (generate) from his hybrids, making national food security much stronger than before. His work has thus fed China and many other countries that depend 8 rice as well. Yuan cared little about wealth and fame, and he 9 (constant) pursued new ideas until his “seawater rice” vision became 10 reality. His contributions will forever be remembered. 题型二 阅读理解 （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people. Trace of Land is one of the examples. Designers reinterpret the hay bale (干草捆) as spatial equipment that unfolds across the fields of Val Badia in the Italian Dolomites. Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings. The land art equipment is a continuous path made of unfolded hay bales. It moves with the outline of the Alpine landscape. Removed from its functional role in farming, the ha y bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land. Often seen as typical parts of farm life, hay bales are in fact products of industrialized processes, stored and transported by machinery. In Trace of Land, this industrial form is loosened and reshaped, creating a structure that switches between lying on the ground and lifting lightly to form shaded passages. The result is a temporary canopy that strikes a balance between agricultural efficiency and the natural setting. In line with the theme of SMACH 2026, hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment. Visitors are invited to walk along and beneath the structure, using box-shaped bales arranged as seating to pause and reflect. As time passes, the hay will naturally break down, returning to the soil and completing a cycle of use and renewal. 1．What role is given to the ha y bale in the project? A．A farming tool. B．A storage device. C．A relaxation zone. D．A cultural platform. 2．What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Formal. B．Casual. C．Mutual. D．Distant. 3．What can we learn about the ha y bale structure from the text? A．It is a permanent architectural work for farming. B．It combines artistic value with practical functions. C．It aims to promote modern industrialized farming. D．It is designed to replace traditional agricultural tools. 4．Which column of a website might the text be taken from? A．Redesigning the countryside. B．Advocating farming techniques. C．Remodeling urban landscape. D．Talking with agriculturalists. （25-26高二上·福建南平·期末）Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”. This shift is most visible in agricultural education. Britain’s agricultural colleges and universities, once limited to sons of the landowners, military officers and government officials, now welcome students from all walks of life. Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader. Beyond education, the definition (定义) of “farm” job has expanded dramatically — driven by global demand that the world population is predicted to grow by another two billion before 2050. Agricultural technology and innovation now covers everything from drone mechanics, robotic harvesters and intelligent software. Even tech-focused students who may never get dirt under their fingernails play a crucial role in boosting food production. Technology itself is speeding up this change: AI, for example, is already changing the farming industry. It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things. In short, modern farming is no longer bound (束缚) by tradition. Whether one’s interest is in animal care, environmental science, tech or business, there’s a job in modern farming to satisfy it. As one expert noted, “The business of growing is growing.” 1．What does the underlined word “stereotype” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fixed idea. B．Job requirement. C．Relaxing job. D．Family ambition. 2．Which can best describe present agricultural education? A．Various and broad. B．Specific and limited. C．Traditional and practical. D．Popular and affordable. 3．How does AI promote farming? A．By predicting the weather. B．By collecting and applying data. C．By replacing farmers entirely. D．By growing crops automatically. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI: A Tool for Higher Crop Production B．Traditional Farming: Root of Agriculture C．Agricultural Education: Open to All Students D．Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Working the Land 核心语法精练（主语从句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 4 二、完成句子 9 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 15 一、主语从句的基本用法 1．主语从句的引导词 [观察例句] That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将要来伦敦是这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息。 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 它是否对我们有害还有待观察。 What I have seen today has made a very deep impression on me. 今天我的所见所闻给我留下了非常深刻的印象。 Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 触犯本法者应予以罚款。 Whichever(of you)comes in first will receive a prize. (你们中)谁先进来谁就会得奖。 When we will have a meeting is an important question. 我们何时举行一次会议是个重要的问题。 Where we shall do the test is still under discussion. 我们在什么地方做这个测试还在讨论中。 [归纳用法] 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that, whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否”。 连接代词 who, what, which, whoever, whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when, where, how, why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。 2．it作形式主语 [观察例句] It's possible that he has been to Beijing. 他有可能去过北京。 It's a pity that you didn't attend the meeting. 你没参加这次会议太可惜了。 It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。 It is suggested that the meeting be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。 [归纳用法] 为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important, (un)likely，possible, necessary, natural, wrong等。 It＋系动词＋名词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词有fact，idea，honour，question，pity等。 It＋系动词＋过去分词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词，有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等。 It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter等。 [名师点津] (1)在“It＋be＋过去分词＋主语从句”结构中，过去分词若为suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 (2)在“It＋be＋形容词＋主语从句”结构中，若形容词为important/necessary/strange等，主语从句中的谓语用“(should)do”。 二、主语从句中应注意的问题 1．从句要用陈述语序 How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。 2．主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。 Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much. 毕业后到哪儿找一份工作使他很困惑。 [名师点津]　what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 What the school needs most are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。 (2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 When and where they will hold the meeting is not clear. 他们何时何地召开会议还不清楚。 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空 ①When we will set off is(be)still under discussion. ②When and where the meeting will be held has(have)not been decided. 一、单句语法填空 1． started as a difficult challenge has turned out to be a valuable experience for all the team members. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：起初看似艰难的挑战，最终成为全体队员宝贵的经历。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代这件事，用连接代词what，句首首字母需大写。 2．It is obvious that truly matters in life is not fame but inner peace. 【答案】what 【详解】句意：很明显，生活中真正重要的不是名声而是内心的平静。“______ truly matters in life”为主语从句，且本空在从句中作主语，指事物，用what。 3． we can talk straightforwardly depends on what communication occasions we are on. 【答案】Whether 【详解】句意：我们能否直言不讳地交谈，取决于我们所处的沟通场合。句中的____ we can talk straightforwardly是主语从句，作为整个句子的主语。 从句we can talk straightforwardly是完整的主谓结构，不缺少主语或宾语；结合后半句depends on what communication occasions we are on可知，这里表达的是一种不确定性，即“我们能否直言不讳”是不确定的，取决于沟通场合，所以用Whether引导主语从句，注意首字母大写。 4． attracts me most about the trip is the natural scenery along the way. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：这次旅行最吸引我的是沿途的自然风光。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“所……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导该从句，句首单词首字母需大写。 5．After the fire, would otherwise be a cultural center is now reduced to a pile of ashes. 【答案】what 【详解】句意：大火之后，原本会是文化中心的地方现在只剩下一堆灰烬。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的地方/事物”，应填what。 6． will win the English speech contest is still unknown. 【答案】Who 【详解】句意：谁将赢得英语演讲比赛仍然未知。“____ will win the English speech contest”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“谁”，需用连接代词who引导主语从句。置于句首，首字母大写。 7． you decide to do should be based on your own interest. 【答案】Whatever 【详解】句意：无论你决定做什么，都应基于你自身的兴趣。此处考查主语从句，从句中缺动词do的宾语，这里表示无论什么事都要按自己的兴趣，应用连接代词whatever引导，意为“无论什么”，句首单词首字母需大写。 8． book is more interesting has been discussed in our reading group. 【答案】Which 【详解】句意：我们读书小组讨论了哪本书更有趣。句子的谓语是has been discussed，前面的“____ book is more interesting”是主语从句，用来表达讨论的内容。在主语从句中，book是名词，需要一个疑问代词来修饰它，表示“哪一本书”，所以用Which，注意首字母大写。 9． the next movie marathon will start is decided by our group leader. 【答案】When 【详解】句意：下一次电影马拉松什么时候开始是由我们组长决定的。此处为主语从句，从句“the next movie marathon will start”结构完整，不缺少主语、宾语等成分，但缺少时间状语，表示“什么时候”，故用连接副词when引导主语从句，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 10． notebook was left on the desk is a question for the monitor. 【答案】Whose 【详解】句意：谁的笔记本被留在了桌上，这是班长要解决的问题。“____ notebook was left on the desk”为主语从句，从句中notebook前缺少定语，表示“谁的”，需用连接代词whose引导主语从句。置于句首，首字母大写。 11．It’s a pity we often overlook small details that affect the final result. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：很遗憾，我们经常忽略影响最终结果的微小细节。“It’s a pity that…”是固定句型，意为“很遗憾……”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。 12． most travelers desire is a safe and comfortable journey rather than a hasty one. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：大多数旅行者想要的是一次安全舒适的旅行，而不是匆忙的旅行。“____ most travelers desire”为主语从句，从句中动词desire后缺少宾语，表示“……的事物”，需用连接代词what引导主语从句。置于句首，首字母大写。 13．It’s expected   the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：预计该公司将会举办更多的研讨会，以增强员工的信心。句子中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句“ the company will hold more workshops to boost employees’ confidence”。由于主语从句本身是一个完整的陈述句，不缺少任何成分，且意义完整，所以用从属连词that来引导，它在从句中不充当任何语法成分，只起到连接作用。 14． this traditional therapy can cure chronic back pain is under debated. 【答案】Whether 【详解】句意：这种传统疗法是否能治愈慢性背痛目前尚存争议。空处引导词主语从句；结合句意“是否”及后文“is under debated”可知，应用whether引导，表示“是否”，位于句首首字母需大写。 15． we must finish homework on time is the teacher’s requirement. 【答案】That 【详解】句意：我们必须按时完成作业，这是老师的要求。“____ we must finish homework on time”为主语从句，从句不缺成分或含义，用连接词that引导，置于句首，首字母大写。 16．It is still uncertain the team will postpone the match or not. 【答案】whether 【详解】句意：这支队伍是否会推迟比赛依旧尚不明确。 it是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，表示“是否”且与or not连用，应用连接词whether。 17． we will hold the annual meeting has not been determined yet. 【答案】When 【详解】句意：我们什么时候召开年会还没有确定下来。“______ we will hold the annual meeting”是句子的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少时间状语，用when引导主语从句，在从句中作时间状语。首字母大写。 18．It is reported a new high-speed railway will be built between the two cities next year. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：据报道，明年这两座城市之间将修建一条新的高速铁路。句型It is reported that表示“据报道”，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语。 19． the ancient city was located remains a mystery to historians. 【答案】Where 【详解】句意：这座古城坐落于何处，对历史学家而言仍是个谜。 空处引导主语从句，表示“……的地点”，用连接副词where 作引导词，位于句首首字母大写。 20． the meeting will be held in the hall is still a problem. 【答案】Whether 【详解】句意：会议是否在大厅举行依旧存有疑问。空处引导主语从句，表示“是否”用连接词whether，位于句首，首字母大写。 21． you can’t miss is the Hand-copied Newspaper Competition on April 4. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：您一定不要错过 4 月 4 日举行的“手写报纸创作比赛”。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，此处表示“你不要错过的事情是“手写报纸创作比赛””，因此用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。 22．It is estimated two million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：据估计，全球已有两百万人尝试过蹦极。It is estimated that…为固定句型，翻译为“据估计……”，其中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面由 that 引导的从句。 23． was once a cultural campaign has become a matter of public law. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：曾经的一场文化运动如今已成为一项公共法律事务。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 24． seemed impossible a decade ago has now become a reality in the field of artificial intelligence. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：十年前看似不可能的事，如今在人工智能领域已成现实。此处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，指代事物，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 25． we can protect the ancient cultural relics well or not depends on the joint efforts of the whole society. 【答案】Whether 【详解】句意：我们能否保护好古文物，取决于全社会的共同努力。空处引导主语从句，从句成分完整，但需要添加“是否”之意，应用连接词whether引导，whether...or not“是否”是固定搭配，位于句首，首字母大写。 26． drives young people to visit these stores today is simple. 【答案】What 【详解】句意：如今，驱使年轻人光顾这些商店的原因很简单。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的东西/事情”，应用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。 27．Every year, makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。空格所在部分是主语从句，缺少主语，用连接代词，根据意思可知是人获奖，因为需要作主语，表示“无论谁”应用whoever。故填whoever。 28．It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的主语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，故填that。 29． traditional Chinese calligraphy reflects is celebrated not just as an art form but as a philosophical practice rooted in millennia-old (有千年历史的) spiritual traditions — the artist’s inner harmony with nature. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：中国传统书法所体现的内涵，不仅被视作一种艺术形式，更被推崇为一种植根于数千年精神传统的哲学修行—— 即书写者内心与自然的和谐统一。设空处引导主语从句，从句中reflects 缺少宾语，指物，用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 30． ancient silk routes facilitated cross-cultural exchanges is no less significant than what archaeological findings reveal about their economic impact; both demonstrate humanity’s enduring pursuit of interconnectedness. 【答案】How/That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：古代丝绸之路（如何）促进跨文化交流，其重要性不亚于考古发现所揭示的它们对经济的影响；两者都表明了人类对互联互通的不懈追求。“____ ancient silk routes facilitated cross - cultural exchanges”是主语从句，该从句不缺成分且意义完整，所以用That引导，That在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，整个主语从句在句中作主语。也可以表示“方式”，用连接词how“如何”，how在主语从句中作状语。句首单词首字母大写。故填How/That。 二、完成句子 31．________________ will be punished. 任何人触犯法律都会受到惩罚。 【答案】Whoever breaks the law 【详解】考查主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，“任何人触犯法律”处理为whoever引导的主语从句，“触犯法律”表达为break the law，break作谓语，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语whoever是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填Whoever breaks the law。 32．________________ will receive a prize. 谁先爬上山顶，谁就会得奖。 【答案】Whoever climbs to the top of the hill first 【详解】考查主语从句。表示“谁先爬上山顶”通常用whoever引导的名词性从句作为主语，相当于anyone who，是单数，后接主句will receive a prize，从句使用一般现在时，表示“先爬上山顶”为动词短语climb to the top of the hill first。主谓一致，句首单词首字母大写，故填Whoever climbs to the top of the hill first。 33．我们是否去爬山要看天气而定。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ depends on the weather. 【答案】 Whether we will go climbing 【详解】考查主语从句。结合句意表示“是否”用whether，引导主语从句；主语为we；表示“爬山”短语为go climbing，表示将来的动作用一般将来时，句首单词首字母大写。故填Whether we will go climbing。 34．____________________________________ is still a puzzle. 那个迷路的孩子去了哪里仍然是个谜。 【答案】Wherever the lost child went 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词及语序。 根据汉语提示 “那个迷路的孩子去了哪里”，可知空处需填主语从句。引导词“哪里”用where，从句需用陈述句语序（主语 + 谓语）。“迷路的孩子”译为 “the lost child”，“去了哪里” 为过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语动词go的过去式为went。故填Where the lost child went。 35．____________________________________ has not been tested. 这台机器运转如何还没有测试。 【答案】How the machine works 【详解】考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用how引导，从句主语“这台机器”the machine，“运转”work，从句陈述现在的一般情况，使用一般现在时，陈述语序，主语为the machine，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。how位于句首，首字母需大写。故填How the machine works。 36．贫困地区的孩子们最渴望的是上学。 ________________ the children in poor areas ________________ is to go to school. 【答案】 What desire most 【详解】考查主语从句和动词。“最渴望”使用desire most，第一空引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，结合句意及is可知此处使用一般现在时，从句主语children表示复数意义，谓语动词使用原形。故填①What②desire most。 37．__________________________ made me feel confused. 作者写的东西让我感到困惑。 【答案】What the author wrote 【详解】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，“______________ made me feel confused”中，made是谓语，me是宾语，feel confused是宾语补足语，句子缺少主语。根据中文提示“作者写的东西”可知，应用主语从句来作主语，“作者写的东西”用what在主语从句中作wrote的宾语，同时引导主语从句，句子首字母需大写；表示“作者”用名词the author，作从句主语；且根据made可知，应用一般过去时，从句谓语动词write应用过去式wrote。故填What the author wrote。 38．But we need to ________________________________ is often not the whole truth about a person. 但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。 【答案】keep in mind that what we see on social media 【详解】考查动词不定式、宾语从句、主语从句。表示“记住”用keep in mind that，位于不定式符号to后，keep用原形，that引导宾语从句。宾语从句中：表示“我们在社交媒体上看到的”用we see on social media，从句缺少see的宾语，指物，用what引导；宾语从句的系动词为is，表语为not the whole truth about a person；副词often作状语；从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填：keep in mind that what we see on social media。 39．________________ is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许就是它得以流行起来的基础。 【答案】That football is such a simple game to play 【详解】考查时态和从句。“足球是一项如此简单的运动”作主语，句子结构和句意完整，连接词为that。句子本身为主系表结构。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时，“如此”为such。“一项简单（玩起来）的运动”为a simple game to play，不定式作后置定语。故填That football is such a simple game to play。 40．这个旧汽车站是否应该被一个现代化的旅馆取代还在讨论之中。 It is still under discussion ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ with a modern hotel or not. 【答案】 whether the old bus station be replaced 【详解】考查主语从句。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“这个旧汽车站是否应该被取代”；本句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是空处引导的主语从句；根据句意可知，此处表示“是否”，应用whether引导主语从句；“这个旧汽车站”翻译为the old bus station，在从句中作主语；“应该被取代”需用被动语态should be replaced，主语the old bus station和动词replace之间是被动关系，语境中“应当”的语气较弱，可省略should，更强调动作本身的可能性或必要性，属于虚拟语气的简化形式。故填①whether②the③old④bus⑤station⑥be⑦replaced。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江温州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 1 scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution—the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 2 was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 3 (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 4 (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he 5 (rent) sandy land in Yulin, determined to make something grow. His early 6 (experiment) with grapes and date trees ended in failure, drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance (毅力) led him 7 (shift) his focus to apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he 8 (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 9 brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known 10 its vast stretches of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. 【答案】 1．a 2．what 3．has expanded 4．harvested 5．rented 6．experiments 7．to shift 8．eventually 9．and 10．for 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了近年来陕西苹果种植带北扩至毛乌素沙漠，85 岁老人张炳贵改良沙地种苹果，气候改善与不懈努力让荒漠渐成丰收之地。 1．考查冠词。句意：这是一幅丰饶的景象，而在二十年前是难以想象的。scene是可数名词，此处表示“一幅丰收的景象”，是泛指概念，且scene以辅音音素开头，所以填不定冠词a。故填a。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：这种转变是农业悄然变革的一部分——陕西的苹果带向北推进，延伸数百公里，深入到曾经是一片坚不可摧的沙漠之中。分析句子可知，介词 into 后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代 “曾经是茫茫沙漠的地方”，需用连接代词 what 引导。故填what。 3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，种植区向北扩展，一直延伸到毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每四颗收获的苹果中就有一颗来自陕西。时间状语 in recent years 是现在完成时的标志，主语 the planting zone 是单数，所以填has expanded。故填has expanded。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，种植区向北扩展，一直延伸到毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每四颗收获的苹果中就有一颗来自陕西。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰apples，apples和harvest之间是被动关系（苹果被采摘），需用过去分词作后置定语。故填harvested。 5．考查动词时态。句意：2003 年退休后，他租下了榆林的沙质土地，决心要有所种植。时间状语 in 2003 是一般过去时的标志，描述过去发生的动作，此处为一般过去时。故填rented。 6．考查名词复数形式。句意：他早期对葡萄和枣树的试验以失败告终，引得邻居们哈哈大笑。early是形容词，后接名词；后文提到grapes and date trees两种作物的尝试，是复数概念，所以填experiments。故填experiments。 7．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，张炳贵的坚持不懈使他将注意力转向了苹果。此处为固定搭配lead sb. to do sth. 意为“促使某人做某事”，所以为动词不定式形式。故填to shift。 8．考查副词。句意：经过多年的尝试与摸索，如今他终于开创了适用于沙质土壤的种植技术，通过电子商务提高了销售额，并将他们的沙质土地苹果推向了全国市场。此处修饰动词 pioneered，需用副词形式，所以填eventually（最终）。故填eventually。 9．考查连词。句意：经过多年的尝试与摸索，如今他终于开创了适用于沙质土壤的种植技术，通过电子商务提高了销售额，并将他们的沙质土地苹果推向了全国市场。根据句意可知，此处pioneered...、increased... 和 brought... 是三个并列的谓语动词，表顺承关系，所以为连词and的填入。故填and。 10．考查固定短语。句意：曾经以广袤的流动沙丘而闻名的毛乌素沙漠如今正变得郁郁葱葱。此处为be known for是固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填for。 （25-26高二上·河北唐山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping considered himself a farmer, 1 (devote) himself to the farmers he served. In his youth, Yuan faced a tough choice. His parents wanted him 2 (pursue) a career in science or medicine. However, what concerned him most was the poor harvests of 3 (crop) and the resulting food shortage. Thus, he chose agriculture at Southwest Agricultural College. After graduating in 1953, Yuan worked as a researcher. It was during this period that he 4 (convince) that the answer could be found in the 5 (create) of hybrid rice. Having overcome huge technical difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice for farming in 1974, 6 enabled farmers to expand their output significantly. Today, about 60% of China’s rice comes from varieties 7 (generate) from his hybrids, making national food security much stronger than before. His work has thus fed China and many other countries that depend 8 rice as well. Yuan cared little about wealth and fame, and he 9 (constant) pursued new ideas until his “seawater rice” vision became 10 reality. His contributions will forever be remembered. 【答案】 1．devoting 2．to pursue 3．crops 4．was convinced 5．creation 6．which 7．generated 8．on/upon 9．constantly 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平一生致力于研究杂交水稻、解决粮食问题的伟大贡献与人生历程。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平认为自己是一名农民，全身心投入到他所服务的农民身上。句中已有谓语 considered，此空应是非谓语。Yuan Longping与devote 是主谓关系，应用现在分词devoting，作状语。故填devoting。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的父母希望他从事科学或医学领域的职业。want sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“想要某人做某事”，此空应是动词不定式to pursue。故填to pursue。 3．考查名词。句意：然而，他最关心的是农作物收成差以及由此引发的粮食短缺。crop是可数名词，此处指各类农作物，应用复数形式crops。故填crops。 4．考查动词语态。句意：正是在这段时期，他确信答案可以在杂交水稻的研发中找到。根据“It was during this period that”可知，动作发生在过去，sb. be convinced that是固定句型，表示“某人确信……”，此空应是was convinced。故填was convinced。 5．考查名词。句意：正是在这段时期，他确信答案可以在杂交水稻的研发中找到。根据“the ____ of”可知，此空应是名词creation，表示“创造”。故填creation。 6．考查定语从句。句意：1974年，他克服了巨大的技术困难，培育出了第一种可用于农业的杂交水稻，这使得农民能够大幅扩大产量。此处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，中国约60%的水稻来自于他的杂交水稻衍生品种，这让国家粮食安全比以往任何时候都更稳固。句中已有谓语comes from，此空应是非谓语。varieties与generate是动宾关系，应用过去分词generated，作后置定语。故填generated。 8．考查介词。句意：他的成果因此养活了中国以及其他许多依赖水稻的国家。固定搭配depend on/upon，表示“依赖、依靠”，此空应是介词on或upon。故填on或upon。 9．考查副词。句意：袁隆平不太在意财富和名声，他不断追求新的理念，直到他的“海水稻”愿景成为现实。此空修饰动词pursued，应用副词constantly，表示“不断地”，作状语。故填constantly。 10．考查冠词。句意：袁隆平不太在意财富和名声，他不断追求新的理念，直到他的“海水稻”愿景成为现实。固定搭配become a reality，表示 “成为现实”，此空应是不定冠词a。故填a。 题型二 阅读理解 （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people. Trace of Land is one of the examples. Designers reinterpret the hay bale (干草捆) as spatial equipment that unfolds across the fields of Val Badia in the Italian Dolomites. Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings. The land art equipment is a continuous path made of unfolded hay bales. It moves with the outline of the Alpine landscape. Removed from its functional role in farming, the ha y bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land. Often seen as typical parts of farm life, hay bales are in fact products of industrialized processes, stored and transported by machinery. In Trace of Land, this industrial form is loosened and reshaped, creating a structure that switches between lying on the ground and lifting lightly to form shaded passages. The result is a temporary canopy that strikes a balance between agricultural efficiency and the natural setting. In line with the theme of SMACH 2026, hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment. Visitors are invited to walk along and beneath the structure, using box-shaped bales arranged as seating to pause and reflect. As time passes, the hay will naturally break down, returning to the soil and completing a cycle of use and renewal. 1．What role is given to the ha y bale in the project? A．A farming tool. B．A storage device. C．A relaxation zone. D．A cultural platform. 2．What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Formal. B．Casual. C．Mutual. D．Distant. 3．What can we learn about the ha y bale structure from the text? A．It is a permanent architectural work for farming. B．It combines artistic value with practical functions. C．It aims to promote modern industrialized farming. D．It is designed to replace traditional agricultural tools. 4．Which column of a website might the text be taken from? A．Redesigning the countryside. B．Advocating farming techniques. C．Remodeling urban landscape. D．Talking with agriculturalists. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了意大利一项名为“土地之痕”的乡村大地艺术项目，该项目将干草捆重新设计改造，打造出兼具艺术与实用价值的景观设施，诠释了人与土地之间的联系。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings.(该项目是2026年SMACH国际露天艺术展的组成部分，它将传统农耕物品改造为贴合自然地貌的顶篷式建筑，为人们提供遮阳、休憩与聚会的场所。)”可知，该项目将干草捆改造为可供人休闲、休憩的区域。 2．词句猜测题。 根据第四段中的“hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment.(干草捆代表了人与土地之间reciprocal的关系，加强了人与环境之间的对话)”可知，这种关系是指人与土地相互作用、相互影响的关系。“reciprocal”意为“相互的”，与“Mutual”意思相近。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Removed from its functional role in farming, the hay bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land.(干草捆脱离了原本的农耕用途，兼具雕塑艺术与建筑价值，让人们关注到人类劳动、生产工具与土地之间的关联。)”以及第二段提到的装置可遮阳、休憩的实用功能可知，该干草捆装置同时具备艺术价值与实用功能。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people.(多年来，乡村不再仅仅是城市风景优美的映衬，而是成为了探索人与自然、地貌与人之间全新关系的实践场地。)”可知，全文围绕乡村艺术改造、重塑乡村风貌展开，最符合“重塑乡村”的栏目主题。 （25-26高二上·福建南平·期末）Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”. This shift is most visible in agricultural education. Britain’s agricultural colleges and universities, once limited to sons of the landowners, military officers and government officials, now welcome students from all walks of life. Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader. Beyond education, the definition (定义) of “farm” job has expanded dramatically — driven by global demand that the world population is predicted to grow by another two billion before 2050. Agricultural technology and innovation now covers everything from drone mechanics, robotic harvesters and intelligent software. Even tech-focused students who may never get dirt under their fingernails play a crucial role in boosting food production. Technology itself is speeding up this change: AI, for example, is already changing the farming industry. It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things. In short, modern farming is no longer bound (束缚) by tradition. Whether one’s interest is in animal care, environmental science, tech or business, there’s a job in modern farming to satisfy it. As one expert noted, “The business of growing is growing.” 1．What does the underlined word “stereotype” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fixed idea. B．Job requirement. C．Relaxing job. D．Family ambition. 2．Which can best describe present agricultural education? A．Various and broad. B．Specific and limited. C．Traditional and practical. D．Popular and affordable. 3．How does AI promote farming? A．By predicting the weather. B．By collecting and applying data. C．By replacing farmers entirely. D．By growing crops automatically. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI: A Tool for Higher Crop Production B．Traditional Farming: Root of Agriculture C．Agricultural Education: Open to All Students D．Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍现代农业打破传统固有认知，在教育、岗位以及科技应用方面都迎来全新发展面貌。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned.(传统上，农业被视为一种体力劳动强度大的工作，通常由一代传给下一代。然而，这种长期持有的stereotype现在正被推翻。)”可知，这种“代代相传的体力劳动”的看法是一种根深蒂固的固定观念，再结合“However”表转折，说明这种观念正在被改变，因此“stereotype”意为“固定观念”，与“Fixed idea”意思相近。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader.(今天，年轻男女不仅在学习如何饲养牲畜、种植庄稼和管理土地，还在学习从粮食安全、环境科学、野生动物保护、水资源管理到商业等多样化的现代课程。农业学习的范围从未像现在这样广泛。)”可知，当前的农业教育种类繁多且范围广阔。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things.(它以闪电般的速度收集有关土壤状况、作物健康和天气系统的数据，以帮助减少化学品使用、节约用水和预测收成，以及其他许多事情。)”可知，人工智能通过收集和应用数据来促进农业发展。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇“However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”.(然而，这种长期存在的刻板印象如今正在被打破。如今，当你问下一代农民会是谁时，答案已不再自动是“现任农民的儿子或女儿”。)”即点明主题，传统的农业观念正在被颠覆，随后介绍了教育和科技如何推动农业向现代化、多元化转变。D选项“Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype(现代农业：超越旧有的刻板印象)”最能概括全文主旨。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $