Unit 4 Body Language（重难词汇精练）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦Body Language单元词汇，构建从基础词形到语篇应用的递进训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|19组|词形变化（名→动/形等）|从核心词拓展词族，构建词汇网络| |核心短语|10个|固定搭配补全|聚焦语境高频短语，强化搭配记忆| |重点单词|10个|词义与词性匹配|巩固单元核心词汇，关联语义应用| |单句语法填空|25题|语法规则与词形应用|单句层面综合考查词汇语法结合能力| |单词拼写|15题|语境中词汇拼写|强化词汇在语境中的准确运用| |完成句子|10题|中英互译与句式补全|提升词汇在句子层面的表达能力| |语篇语法填空|1篇|语篇中词汇语法综合|从单句过渡到语篇，培养语用能力| |应用文写作|1篇|主题演讲稿|词汇在真实语境中的综合输出，提升语言表达与思维品质|

Unit 4 Body Language重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类 3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用 题型二、核心短语 1. by contrast　　　　 相比之下  2. by comparison (与……)相比较  3. make inferences 推理; 推断  4. break down 消除; 分解; 打破  5. straighten up 直起来; 整理; 收拾整齐  6. in other words 换句话说; 也就是说  7. call on (短暂地)访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请  8. at work 有某种影响; 在工作  9. be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧  10. in conflict with sb. (over sth. )  (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致 题型三、重点单词 1. vary　　　　　 vi. (根据情况)变化; 改变 2. appropriate adj. 合适的; 恰当的 3. approve vi. 赞成; 同意vt. 批准; 通过 4. demonstrate vt. 表现; 表达; 说明; 证明 5. witness vt. 当场看到; 目击; 见证n. 目击者; 证人 6. barrier n. 隔阂; 障碍 7. reliable adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的 8. reveal vt. 揭示; 显示; 露出 9. occupy vt. 占据; 占用 10. adjust vt. 调整; 调节vi. &vt. 适应; (使)习惯 题型四、单句语法填空 1．This drug is effective but has a (tend) to cause headaches. 【答案】tendency 【详解】句意：这种药物有效，但容易引起头痛。作动词的宾语，用名词tendency，不定冠词提示用单数。 2．He explained how he (witness) the strange man entering their house and how he was arrested. 【答案】had witnessed 【详解】句意：他解释了自己是如何目睹那个陌生男子进入他们家，以及他如何被逮捕的。主句谓语explained为一般过去时，宾语从句里“目睹”这一动作发生在“解释”之前，属于“过去的过去”，此空应是过去完成时had witnessed，作从句谓语。 3．Therefore, buying local food has a (low) carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. 【答案】lower 【详解】句意：因此，购买本地食品的碳足迹更低，也更环保。句意暗含和购买外地食物作对比，且and表示并列，前后结构需一致，后面的more environmentally friendly是比较级，故用low的比较级形式lower，意为“更低的”。 4．Overusing natural resources without limit may lead to the balance of nature (destroy). 【答案】being destroyed 【详解】句意：过度无限制地使用自然资源可能会导致自然生态平衡的破坏。lead to“导致”后接动名词作宾语，destroy“破坏，毁坏”和the balance of nature是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动形式。 5．Many young people are addicted to (use) social media apps on their smartphone, which has a negative impact on their study and daily life. 【答案】using 【详解】句意：许多年轻人沉迷于在手机上使用社交媒体软件，这对他们的学习和日常生活造成了负面影响。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配：be addicted to doing sth.“沉迷于做某事”，此处to是介词，后面必须接动名词形式，所以use变using。 6．Don’t be afraid or (embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. 【答案】embarrassed 【详解】句意：不要害怕或感到尴尬地去谈论那些困扰你的事情。空处作表语，表示“感到尴尬的”用形容词embarrassed。 7．Do you spend much time (search) through dictionaries for words that are not included? 【答案】searching 【详解】句意：你是否常常会花大量时间查阅词典，以查找那些未被收录的词汇呢？固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.“花时间做某事”，search使用动名词形式，作宾语。 8．We should use technology wisely, and not let it replace real human (interact). 【答案】interaction 【详解】句意：我们应该明智地使用科技，不要让它取代真实的人际互动。本空作宾语，用名词形式interaction，表示“互动，交流”。 9．Before (tell) the truth, the majority of my classmates had been mistaking me for leaking the secret. 【答案】being told 【详解】句意：在被告知真相之前，大多数同学一直误以为是我泄露了秘密。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式，且classmates与tell构成被动关系，故用being done形式。 10．The wild animals have some difficulty (adapt) to the climate change. 【答案】adapting 【详解】句意：野生动物在适应气候变化方面有一些困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处使用动名词形式adapting，作宾语。 11．This suggestion is worthy (consider) before we make the final decision. 【答案】to be considered/of being considered 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在我们做出最后决定之前，这个建议值得考虑。be worthy to be done/of being done为固定搭配，意为“值得被……”，所以consider变为to be considered或of being considered。故填to be considered/of being considered。 12．When his father was being operated on, she paced backwards and forwards with ( anxious). 【答案】anxiety 【详解】考查名词。句意：当他父亲在做手术时，她焦虑地来回踱步。此处为名词作介词宾语，anxious的名词为anxiety，意为“焦虑”。故填anxiety。 13．The students spent the whole afternoon (explore) the old castle, trying to find clues about its mysterious history. 【答案】exploring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们整个下午都在探索这座古堡，试图寻找关于它神秘历史的线索。固定句型spend some time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，介词 in 可省略，因此后面接动名词形式作宾语。故填exploring。 14．The child needs a psychological (assess) to determine his learning needs. 【答案】assessment 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个孩子需要一次心理评估来确定他的学习需求。分析句子结构可知，不定冠词a后接单数名词，assess的名词形式为assessment，表“评估”，在句中作宾语，符合语境。故填assessment。 15．By (compare), his second book is much more interesting than his first. 【答案】comparison 【详解】考查名词。句意：相比之下，他的第二本书比第一本有趣得多。此处在句中作介词by的宾语，故应用名词“comparison比较”，by comparison 意为“相比之下”，故填comparison。 16．We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working to conduct this project. 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们正在寻找一个可靠且勤奋的人来负责这个项目。空格前的is是系动词，且与形容词hard-working由并列连词and连接，因此空格处需要填入形容词，构成“系动词 + 形容词”的系表结构。rely是动词，意为“依赖；依靠”，其对应的形容词形式是reliable，表示“可靠的；值得信赖的”。故填reliable。 17．Body language plays an important role in face-to-face (interact). 【答案】interaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：肢体语言在面对面的交流中起着重要的作用。根据空前face-to-face可知，此处应用名词interaction作宾语，表示“交流”，为不可数名词。故填interaction。 18．The design work for key project (component), including the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit, is progressing on schedule. 【答案】components 【详解】考查名词。句意：梦舟载人飞船、望宇月面服等重点工程配套设计工作正按计划推进。空处作介词for的宾语，且前有形容词key和project修饰，后有举例说明，需用名词形式；component为可数名词，结合后文列举的多个项目可知，此处应用复数形式components表示“组成部分、配套项目”，符合语境。故填components。 19．For example, China Telecom’s customers can activate the service at physical stores or make online reservations via the company’s app before (visit) a designated (指定的) store for activation. 【答案】visiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，中国电信的客户可以在实体店激活该服务，也可以在访问指定的激活门店之前通过该公司的应用程序在线预订。作介词before 的宾语，visit 应用动名词形式。故填visiting。 20．In recognition of its uniqueness and cultural significance, UNESCO inscribed it on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009. Today, this heritage risks (fade) in the digital age. 【答案】fading 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2009年，联合国教科文组织因其独特性和文化意义将其列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。如今，在数字时代，这一遗产面临着消失的风险。根据空前risks可知，空处需用动名词作宾语，risk doing sth.表示“冒险做某事”，固定搭配，此处fade表示“逐渐消失”。故填fading。 21．Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones (甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after (unearth). 【答案】being unearthed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：得益于一项新的学术项目，江苏省一所顶尖大学仓库中保存的数百块甲骨文碎片如今终于有机会在出土一个多世纪之后得到解读了。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语，且unearth“发掘”与逻辑主语hundreds of pieces of oracle bones是动宾关系，用动名词的被动式being unearthed。故填being unearthed。 22．You are supposed to start by (clarify) your purpose when you write a letter of apology. 【答案】clarifying 【详解】考查动名词。句意：写道歉信时，你应该先阐明自己的目的。介词by后需用动名词作宾语。故填clarifying。 23．The students turned what could have been a passive (interact) into an active one. 【答案】interaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：学生们将原本可能是被动的互动，转变为了主动的互动。空处作表语，且被passive修饰，应使用提示词的名词形式interaction“互动”，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填interaction。 24．The agency director says that they will focus their resources on (educate) the homeless. 【答案】educating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该机构负责人表示，他们将把资源集中用于教育无家可归者方面的工作。设空前是介词on，而介词后面需要接动名词形式，故填educating。 25．Having been ill in bed for about two months, he had a hard time (climb) the hill. 【答案】climbing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在床上病了大约两个月后，他爬这座山很困难。have a hard time (in) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，后面接动名词作宾语，所以空处应用的动名词形式climbing。故填climbing。 题型五、单词拼写 26．There is little ________ (评估) of the damage to the natural environment. 【答案】assessment 【详解】句意：几乎没有对自然环境破坏情况的评估。“评估”是名词assessment，为不可数名词，作there be句型的主语。 27．People love the extra feeling Taylor gives them by ________ (装饰) the boxes, so more and more people come for her cakes. 【答案】decorating 【详解】句意：人们喜欢泰勒装饰盒子带来的别样氛围感，因此越来越多人来买她的蛋糕。根据汉语提示“装饰”可知，空处应用动词decorate，介词by后接动名词形式。 28．After ____________ (毕业) from TsingHua University, he went abroad for further study. 【答案】graduating 【详解】句意：从清华大学毕业后，他出国深造。根据汉语提示可知是动词graduate，在介词后用动名词作宾语。 29．Proper ________ (交流，互动) between teachers and students contributes to a more harmonious learning atmosphere in class. 【答案】interaction 【详解】句意：师生之间恰当的交流互动有助于在课堂上营造更加和谐的学习氛围。 谓语动词contributes是第三人称单数形式，说明主语为单数名词；interaction为不可数/单数名词，表示“互动、交流”，在句中作主语。 30．These desks and seats can be ______ (调节) to the height of each child. 【答案】adjusted 【详解】句意：这些桌椅可以根据每个孩子的身高进行调节。根据所给的汉语提示“调节”可知，此处为动词adjust，与句子主语These desks and seats是被动关系，此句是含有情态动词的被动语态，动词应用过去分词形式adjusted。 31．These three students spend every Saturday afternoon ________ (志愿服务) at the local hospital. 【答案】volunteering 【详解】句意：这三位学生每周六下午都会在当地医院做志愿者。“志愿服务”应用动词volunteer，且句中用短语spend time (in) doing表示“花时间做某事”，因此用volunteer的动名词形式，作宾语。 32．The English language has developed from ________（结合）the words of several languages. 【答案】combining 【详解】the words of several languages是空格后的词（结合）的宾语，并且空格前是介词，所以空格处应该用动名词形式，既具有动词的特点后可以跟宾语，同时又有名词的特点，可以放在介词之后。combine是动词，“结合”。动名词是combining，故答案为combining 33．He can ________ (辨别) the sound of piano in a band. 【答案】distinguish 【详解】句意：他能在乐队中辨别出钢琴的声音。“辨别”是动词distinguish；情态动词can后接动词原形。 34．This week he is to visit China to discuss the ________ (购买) of military supplies. 【答案】purchase 【详解】句意：本周他将访问中国，商讨购买军事物资事宜。根据汉语提示“购买”可知，用名词purchase，作宾语。 35．The real challenges lay in providing food and water and ________ (确保) basic security. 【答案】ensuring 【详解】。句意：真正的挑战在于提供食物、饮用水以及保障基本安全。介词in后接并列动名词作宾语，and 连接providing 与设空处，形式保持一致，“确保”是 ensure，动名词为ensuring。 36．Our headteacher advises ________ (参与) ourselves in managing the affairs of our class. 【答案】involving 【详解】句意：班主任建议我们参与班级事务管理。根据汉语提示“参与”可知，此处为动词involve，结合固定搭配advise doing sth.可知，此处使用动名词形式involving作宾语。 37．Due to a ________ (紧的) schedule, we had to skip lunch and rush straight to the next meeting. 【答案】tight 【详解】句意：由于日程安排紧张，我们不得不跳过午餐，直接赶往下一场会议。所填词作定语修饰名词schedule且含有“紧的”之意，形容词tight表示“紧的”，符合题干要求。 38．Like people, some fishes are very confident in the face of new things or ________ (冲突), while others are silent and fearful. 【答案】conflicts 【详解】​句意：和人一样，有些鱼在面对新事物或冲突时表现得非常自信，而另一些则沉默且恐惧。根据汉语提示“冲突”可知，应用名词conflict。此处应与“new things”并列，作宾语，且表示复数概念，应用复数形式。 39．Please do not ________ (透露) the secret code to anyone because it is always very important for our data safety. 【答案】reveal 【详解】句意：请不要将这个秘密密码透露给任何人，因为这对于我们的数据安全来说始终非常重要。根据汉语提示可知用动词reveal ，此处为否定祈使句，应填原形。 40．However, my conscience (良心) kept_____________ (烦扰) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. 【答案】bothering 【详解】句意：然而，我的良心一直烦扰着我。我试着站在我弟弟的角度思考。keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”，bother意为“烦扰”，这里用bothering，在句中作kept的宾语。 题型六、完成句子 41．The experienced lecturer delivered a wonderful speech without ________ ________ his notes in front of hundreds of audience. 这位经验丰富的讲师面对数百名听众，脱稿完成了一场精彩的演讲。 【答案】 referring to 【详解】“脱稿”即“没有参考笔记”，“参考，查阅”用动词短语refer to表示，介词without后用动名词referring to作宾语。 42．只有彻底摆脱过去，她才能拥抱新的未来。 Only by completely ________ ________ ________ the past can she embrace a new future. 【答案】 breaking away from 【详解】句意：只有彻底摆脱过去，她才能拥抱新的未来。结合句意“摆脱、脱离”对应的固定短语是break away from；by为介词，后接动名词形式。 43．我垂下眼睛，盯着自己的脚，希望没人注意到我有多么尴尬。 I dropped my eyes and ________ ________ my feet, ________ no one would notice how ________ I was. 【答案】 stared at hoping embarrassed 【详解】考查动词短语、非谓语动词和形容词。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“盯着”、“希望”“尴尬”；句子陈述事实，时态为一般过去时；“盯着……看”翻译为 stare at，在句中作谓语，与 dropped 并列；“希望”常见表达为 hope，在句中作状语，主语为 I，与 hope 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词 hoping；“尴尬的”翻译为 embarrassed，在句中作表语，修饰人。故填①stared ②at ③hoping ④embarrassed。 44．我建议利用每一个机会去提升我们的交流能力。 I suggest ________ ________ ________ every opportunity to improve our communication skills. 【答案】 taking advantage of 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“利用”，应用动词短语take advantage of，suggest doing sth.为固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，因此take需用动名词形式taking。 45．通过参加这次有意义的活动，我已经提升了自己的综合能力。 By ________ ________ ________ the meaningful activity I have improved my overall ability. 【答案】 taking part in 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“参加”，应用动词短语take part in，介词By后应用take的动名词形式taking作宾语。 46．你能够让别人觉得放松，但是你自己好像并没有发现这一优点。 You’re ________ ________ ________ (put) people at ease, but it seems that you are unconscious of this advantage. 【答案】 capable of putting 【详解】固定短语be capable of doing sth.表示“有能力做某事”，介词of后需用动名词putting作宾语。 47．想象一下，当你独自在家时，却有机会和数百人一起合唱。 Imagine ________ ________ ________ to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. 【答案】 having the opportunity 【详解】表示“有机会做某事”应用have the opportunity to do sth.；imagine doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“想象做某事”，have需填动名词形式having。 48．这快速发展的世界有时让我们无法反思我们已经拥有了什么，以及我们真正追求的是什么。 This rapid developing world sometimes prevents us from ________ ________ what we have gained and what we are truly looking for. 【答案】 reflecting on 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意空处意思是反思，应用动词短语reflect on，短语“prevent sb. from doing sth.”为固定搭配，介词后应接动名词作宾语。故填reflecting on。 49．两天内我能读完两本这样的书。 I can finish reading ________ ________ ________ within two days. 【答案】 two； such； books； 【详解】考查数词、限定词和名词。“两本这样的书”对应的英文表达是two such books，其中two是数词，用来表示数量；such是限定词，修饰后面的名词books，表示“这样的”；books是可数名词复数，与前面的数词two搭配。结合句子主谓宾状结构，此处应依次填two、such、books。故填two；such；books。 50．________ ________ to criticize, I think you could have done better. 我不是想要批评谁，只是认为你本可以做得更好一些。 【答案】 Without wanting 【详解】考查介词短语。介词短语without doing sth表示“不做某事、没有做某事”，动词短语want to do表示“想要做某事”，“想要批评谁”可译为want to criticize，故“不是想要批评谁”可译为without wanting to criticize；句首字母大写。故空①填Without；空②填wanting。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language is 1 essential form of communication, helping us to understand what others are saying and feeling. Observing gestures, such as how people stand, move their hands, or hold their arms, 2 (allow) us to gather information beyond spoken words. To interpret body language 3 ( effective ), we have to understand cultural differences. For instance, making eye contact can indicate interest in one culture, while it could be seen as rude in another. In Middle Eastern countries, it is common for men and women to avoid direct eye contact. In Japan, looking down when 4 ( speak ) to an older person shows respect. Gestures often hold various meanings. The “OK” sign, when 5 ( use ), may mean money in Japan, zero in France, or even be considered impolite in Brazil. Similarly, head 6 ( movement ) for “yes” and “no” differ; in Bulgaria and Albania, shaking the head means “yes,” which contrasts with other parts of the world. Certain actions, such as moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal represent “I am full”, and seem the same everywhere. 7 , gestures like a smile are multifunctional, being used to greet, apologize, or start a conversation. Smiling, 8 helps build connections and deal with problems, can even improve our mood. Experts recommend smiling 9 oneself in the mirror to feel happier and more confident. Understanding such slight differences helps us connect 10 ( well ) with people worldwide, making communication smoother. 【答案】 1．an 2．allows 3．effectively 4．speaking 5．used 6．movements 7．However 8．which 9．at 10．better 【导语】文章介绍肢体语言作为重要的沟通方式，其含义存在文化差异，理解这些差异能帮助我们实现更顺畅的跨文化交流。 1．考查冠词。句意：肢体语言是一种重要的沟通形式，帮助我们理解他人的言语和感受。这里泛指“一种沟通形式”，且essential以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：观察人们的站姿、手部动作或手臂姿势等肢体语言，能让我们获取言语之外的信息。这里为谓语动词，主语是动名词短语Observing gestures，视为单数，与allow为主动关系，句子描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词allow用第三人称单数形式allows。 3．考查副词。句意：要准确解读肢体语言，我们必须了解文化差异。这里应用副词作状语修饰动词interpret，effective的副词形式为effectively，表“有效地”，符合语境。 4．考查状语从句的省略。句意：在日本，与长辈交谈时低头表示尊重。这里考查状语从句的省略，原句为 when you are speaking,省略了you are。 5．考查状语从句的省略。句意：“OK”手势在使用时，在日本可能表示金钱，在法国表示零，在巴西甚至被视为不礼貌。这里考查状语从句的省略，原句为 when it is used, 省略了it is。 6．考查名词复数。句意：同样，表示“是”和“否”的头部动作也存在差异；在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚，摇头意味着“是”，这与世界其他地区的情况截然相反。movement为可数名词，根据后面的谓语动词differ可知，主语应用复数形式movements。 7．考查副词。句意：然而，像微笑这样的手势具有多种功能，可用于问候、道歉或开启对话。这里考查副词作转折状语，修饰整个句子，应用however，表“然而”，且句首首字母应大写。 8．考查定语从句。句意：微笑有助于建立联系、解决问题，甚至能改善我们的情绪。这里为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Smiling，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 9．考查介词。句意：专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑，以获得更快乐、更自信的感觉。这里考查固定搭配smile at sb，表示“对着某人微笑”，符合语境。 10．考查副词比较级。句意：理解这些细微的差异能帮助我们更好地与世界各地的人交流，让沟通更顺畅。根据句意可知，这里表示“更好地”，应用well的比较级better作状语。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·重庆·期末）假定你是李华，你校英文俱乐部将举办以“Body Language: A Mirror of Good Manners”为主题的演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 结合实例介绍肢体语言的运用； 2. 倡议合理使用肢体语言。 注意：1. 写作词数应为 80个词左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear teachers and students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Dear teachers and students, Good morning/afternoon! Today, I’d like to share my views on the topic “Body Language: A Mirror of Good Manners”. Body language serves as a silent but powerful tool in communication, which directly mirrors the refinement of our manners. For instance, a genuine, warm smile coupled with a steady handshake can break down the barriers between strangers. In class, nodding gently in acknowledgement and maintaining eye contact with teachers show respect and attentiveness. On the contrary, folding arms tightly across the chest may convey a sense of indifference or even impoliteness. Therefore, we should use body language in an appropriate manner. We ought to be mindful of our subtle gestures and body postures at all times, and make necessary adjustments to align them with specific social contexts and occasions. Let us tap into the power of proper body language to showcase our good manners, thereby cultivating positive interpersonal relationships. Thanks for listening. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生围绕“肢体语言是礼貌的镜子”这一主题结合实例写一篇演讲稿。 1.词汇积累 展示：show→demonstrate 尊重：respect→reverence 运用：use→employ 培养：cultivate→foster 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For instance, a genuine, warm smile coupled with a steady handshake can break down the barriers between strangers. 同义句：For instance, a genuine, warm smile which is coupled with a steady handshake can break down the barriers between strangers. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Body language serves as a silent but powerful tool in communication, which directly mirrors the refinement of our manners.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】In class, nodding gently in acknowledgement and maintaining eye contact with teachers show respect and attentiveness.(运用了动名词结构作主语) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Body Language重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→ vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→ adj.不同的；各种各样的 → n．多样性；变化；种类 3． approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→ n．赞成；同意；批准 → adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→ n．雇员；受雇者→ n．雇主；雇用者→ n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→ adj.不同的；有差异的→ n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→ adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→ adj.生气的；愤怒的 → adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→ vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→ adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→ n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→ vt.教育→ adj.受过教育的；有教养的→ n．教育 12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→ adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→ adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的 → n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→ adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→ adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→ adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的 → vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17． ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→ n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事 → adj.可耻的→ adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→ adj.可调整的；可调节的→ n．调整；调节；适应 19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→ n．反应；作用 题型二、核心短语 1. ________________________　　　　 相比之下  2. ________________________ (与……)相比较  3. ________________________ 推理; 推断  4. ________________________ 消除; 分解; 打破  5. ________________________ 直起来; 整理; 收拾整齐  6. ________________________ 换句话说; 也就是说  7. ________________________ (短暂地)访问; 要求(某人讲话等); 正式邀请  8. ________________________ 有某种影响; 在工作  9. ________________________ 因……而感到羞愧  10. ________________________ (在某事上)与某人相冲突/有争执/不一致 题型三、重点单词 1. ________________________　　　　　 vi. (根据情况)变化; 改变 2. ________________________ adj. 合适的; 恰当的 3. ________________________ vi. 赞成; 同意vt. 批准; 通过 4. ________________________ vt. 表现; 表达; 说明; 证明 5. ________________________ vt. 当场看到; 目击; 见证n. 目击者; 证人 6. ________________________ n. 隔阂; 障碍 7. ________________________ adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的 8. ________________________ vt. 揭示; 显示; 露出 9. ________________________ vt. 占据; 占用 10. ________________________ vt. 调整; 调节vi. &vt. 适应; (使)习惯 题型四、单句语法填空 1．This drug is effective but has a (tend) to cause headaches. 2．He explained how he (witness) the strange man entering their house and how he was arrested. 3．Therefore, buying local food has a (low) carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. 4．Overusing natural resources without limit may lead to the balance of nature (destroy). 5．Many young people are addicted to (use) social media apps on their smartphone, which has a negative impact on their study and daily life. 6．Don’t be afraid or (embarrass) to discuss something that is bothering you. 7．Do you spend much time (search) through dictionaries for words that are not included? 8．We should use technology wisely, and not let it replace real human (interact). 9．Before (tell) the truth, the majority of my classmates had been mistaking me for leaking the secret. 10．The wild animals have some difficulty (adapt) to the climate change. 11．This suggestion is worthy (consider) before we make the final decision. 12．When his father was being operated on, she paced backwards and forwards with ( anxious). 13．The students spent the whole afternoon (explore) the old castle, trying to find clues about its mysterious history. 14．The child needs a psychological (assess) to determine his learning needs. 15．By (compare), his second book is much more interesting than his first. 16．We are looking for someone who is (rely) and hard-working to conduct this project. 17．Body language plays an important role in face-to-face (interact). 18．The design work for key project (component), including the Mengzhou manned spacecraft and the Wangyu lunar suit, is progressing on schedule. 19．For example, China Telecom’s customers can activate the service at physical stores or make online reservations via the company’s app before (visit) a designated (指定的) store for activation. 20．In recognition of its uniqueness and cultural significance, UNESCO inscribed it on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009. Today, this heritage risks (fade) in the digital age. 21．Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones (甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after (unearth). 22．You are supposed to start by (clarify) your purpose when you write a letter of apology. 23．The students turned what could have been a passive (interact) into an active one. 24．The agency director says that they will focus their resources on (educate) the homeless. 25．Having been ill in bed for about two months, he had a hard time (climb) the hill. 题型五、单词拼写 26．There is little ________ (评估) of the damage to the natural environment. 27．People love the extra feeling Taylor gives them by ________ (装饰) the boxes, so more and more people come for her cakes. 28．After ____________ (毕业) from TsingHua University, he went abroad for further study. 29．Proper ________ (交流，互动) between teachers and students contributes to a more harmonious learning atmosphere in class. 30．These desks and seats can be ______ (调节) to the height of each child. 31．These three students spend every Saturday afternoon ________ (志愿服务) at the local hospital. 32．The English language has developed from ________（结合）the words of several languages. 33．He can ________ (辨别) the sound of piano in a band. 34．This week he is to visit China to discuss the ________ (购买) of military supplies. 35．The real challenges lay in providing food and water and ________ (确保) basic security. 36．Our headteacher advises ________ (参与) ourselves in managing the affairs of our class. 37．Due to a ________ (紧的) schedule, we had to skip lunch and rush straight to the next meeting. 38．Like people, some fishes are very confident in the face of new things or ________ (冲突), while others are silent and fearful. 39．Please do not ________ (透露) the secret code to anyone because it is always very important for our data safety. 40．However, my conscience (良心) kept_____________ (烦扰) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. 题型六、完成句子 41．The experienced lecturer delivered a wonderful speech without ________ ________ his notes in front of hundreds of audience. 这位经验丰富的讲师面对数百名听众，脱稿完成了一场精彩的演讲。 42．只有彻底摆脱过去，她才能拥抱新的未来。 Only by completely ________ ________ ________ the past can she embrace a new future. 43．我垂下眼睛，盯着自己的脚，希望没人注意到我有多么尴尬。 I dropped my eyes and ________ ________ my feet, ________ no one would notice how ________ I was. 44．我建议利用每一个机会去提升我们的交流能力。 I suggest ________ ________ ________ every opportunity to improve our communication skills. 45．通过参加这次有意义的活动，我已经提升了自己的综合能力。 By ________ ________ ________ the meaningful activity I have improved my overall ability. 46．你能够让别人觉得放松，但是你自己好像并没有发现这一优点。 You’re ________ ________ ________ (put) people at ease, but it seems that you are unconscious of this advantage. 47．想象一下，当你独自在家时，却有机会和数百人一起合唱。 Imagine ________ ________ ________ to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. 48．这快速发展的世界有时让我们无法反思我们已经拥有了什么，以及我们真正追求的是什么。 This rapid developing world sometimes prevents us from ________ ________ what we have gained and what we are truly looking for. 49．两天内我能读完两本这样的书。 I can finish reading ________ ________ ________ within two days. 50．________ ________ to criticize, I think you could have done better. 我不是想要批评谁，只是认为你本可以做得更好一些。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二上·浙江宁波·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Body language is 1 essential form of communication, helping us to understand what others are saying and feeling. Observing gestures, such as how people stand, move their hands, or hold their arms, 2 (allow) us to gather information beyond spoken words. To interpret body language 3 ( effective ), we have to understand cultural differences. For instance, making eye contact can indicate interest in one culture, while it could be seen as rude in another. In Middle Eastern countries, it is common for men and women to avoid direct eye contact. In Japan, looking down when 4 ( speak ) to an older person shows respect. Gestures often hold various meanings. The “OK” sign, when 5 ( use ), may mean money in Japan, zero in France, or even be considered impolite in Brazil. Similarly, head 6 ( movement ) for “yes” and “no” differ; in Bulgaria and Albania, shaking the head means “yes,” which contrasts with other parts of the world. Certain actions, such as moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal represent “I am full”, and seem the same everywhere. 7 , gestures like a smile are multifunctional, being used to greet, apologize, or start a conversation. Smiling, 8 helps build connections and deal with problems, can even improve our mood. Experts recommend smiling 9 oneself in the mirror to feel happier and more confident. Understanding such slight differences helps us connect 10 ( well ) with people worldwide, making communication smoother. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二上·重庆·期末）假定你是李华，你校英文俱乐部将举办以“Body Language: A Mirror of Good Manners”为主题的演讲比赛。请写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 结合实例介绍肢体语言的运用； 2. 倡议合理使用肢体语言。 注意：1. 写作词数应为 80个词左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear teachers and students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $