Unit 4 Body Language 动名词作宾语和表语（核心语法精练）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦动名词作宾语和表语，通过分类记忆动词、对比用法差异、结合语境应用构建系统性语法突破体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考点概览|动词列表+用法对比|按“只能接动名词/可接两种形式/介词后接动名词”分类记忆；区分forget等动词接动名词与不定式的意义差异|从概念定义（动名词作宾语/表语）到规则梳理（动词分类、介词用法），构建“概念-规则-辨析”逻辑链| |考点夯基|单句填空25题+完成句子10题|结合语境判断动词搭配；通过“动词+介词”结构强化动名词应用|针对核心考点设题，覆盖高频动词（enjoy/avoid等）及易错点（regret doing/to do）| |综合攻坚|语法填空2篇+阅读理解2篇|在语篇中识别动名词功能；通过真题训练提升语境应用能力|从单句到语篇，实现“基础应用-综合理解”能力跃升，契合高考命题趋势|

Unit 4 Body Language 核心语法精练（动名词作宾语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 10 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 动名词作宾语 当动名词（V-ing形式）位于及物动词或介词之后，充当动作的对象时，它就是宾语。 一、 只能接动名词 (V-ing) 作宾语的动词 (重点记忆)： 这些动词通常表示已经发生、正在进行、习惯性或抽象概念的动作。常见的有： admit (承认) appreciate (感激；欣赏) avoid (避免) consider (考虑；认为) delay (推迟) deny (否认) discuss (讨论) dislike (不喜欢) enjoy (享受；喜欢) escape (逃避) excuse (原谅) fancy (想象；喜欢) finish (完成) forbid (禁止) [注意：常用 forbid sb. to do sth., 但直接说 forbid doing sth.] imagine (想象) involve (涉及；需要) keep (on) (继续) mention (提及) miss (错过；想念) permit (允许) [注意：常用 permit sb. to do sth., 但直接说 permit doing sth.] postpone (推迟) practise / practice (练习) prevent (阻止) [常用 prevent sb. (from) doing sth.] prohibit (禁止) put off (推迟) quit (停止；放弃) recommend (推荐；建议) report (报告) resent (怨恨) resist (抵抗) risk (冒险) suggest (建议) tolerate (容忍) 二、 可接动名词 (V-ing) 也可接不定式 (to do) 作宾语的动词 (注意区别)： 1. 意义基本相同： begin / start (开始) continue (继续) intend (打算) prefer (更喜欢) [常用 prefer doing A to doing B 或 prefer to do A rather than do B] like (喜欢) / love (爱) / hate (讨厌) [表示一般倾向时，两者常可互换；但表示具体某次动作，尤其有 would 时，多用不定式] 2. 意义明显不同： forget (忘记) forget doing sth.：忘记做过某事（事情已发生）。 forget to do sth.：忘记要去做某事（事情未发生）。 remember (记得) remember doing sth.：记得做过某事（事情已发生）。 remember to do sth.：记得要去做某事（事情未发生）。 regret (后悔；遗憾) regret doing sth.：后悔做了某事（对过去已做的事）。 regret to do sth.：遗憾地要去做某事（常与 say, tell, inform 等连用，表示对即将说的话/做的事感到遗憾）。 stop (停止) stop doing sth.：停止正在做的事情。 stop to do sth.：停下来（正在做的事）去做另一件事。 try (尝试；设法) try doing sth.：尝试做某事（试验、看看效果如何）。 try to do sth.：努力/设法去做某事（强调付出努力）。 mean (意味着；打算) mean doing sth.：意味着...（主语通常是事物）。 mean to do sth.：打算/意图做...（主语通常是人）。 三、 介词后的宾语必须是动名词 (V-ing)： 这是英语语法中的绝对规则。介词（如 about, at, in, on, of, for, with, without, by, after, before, against, instead of, apart from, as well as, be interested in, be good at, be afraid of, be fond of, be tired of, be responsible for, look forward to, object to, devote...to, pay attention to, get used to, lead to, contribute to 等）后面如果跟动词，这个动词必须变成动名词形式 (V-ing)。 动名词作表语 1．动名词用作表语 Her job is checking letter of credit and terms of contract． 她的工作是核对信用证和合同款。 That is not playing the game． 这样做就不公平了。 This was really carrying matters a little too far． 这事做得真有点太过分了。 [名师点津] (1)不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。 动名词说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容； 现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。 His job is cleaning the classroom.(动名词短语作表语) 他的工作就是打扫教室。 He is cleaning the classroom.(谓语，现在进行时) 他正在打扫教室。 (2)动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，两者的区别是： 表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动名词(短语)； 表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式。 但在多数情况下，两者差别不太大，可以互用。试比较： Our job is building houses.(经常性的一般行为) 我们的工作是盖房子。 Our main task now is to build this house.(特定的具体某次行为) 我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。 2．现在分词用作表语 现在分词作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。 许多作表语的现在分词几乎已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以有比较级形式。这类常见的现在分词有amazing, amusing, annoying, astonishing, boring, charming等。 The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging． 我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。 A few pages are wanting． 有几处缺页。 The whole damned day had been humiliating． 这一整天可坏透了，令人丢脸。 [名师点津] (1)现在分词作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear, sound, look, become, come, get, go, grow, keep, remain, seem等。 What he says sounds more convincing． 他说的话听起来更有说服力。 The European scene began to look threatening again. 欧洲局势再度出现危险。 (2)现在分词作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；进行时态中的分词是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。 The present situation is encouraging．(表语) 目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。 The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(现在进行时) 目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。 The problem is quite pressing．(表语) 问题很紧迫。 She is pressing the button.(现在进行时) 她正在按电钮。 一、单句语法填空 1．The film is very moving and worth (watch) a second time in our spare time. 2．I suggest (take) more exercise to strengthen our physical health every day. 3．Most students are looking forward to (take) part in colorful after-school activities. 4．One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked (go) and got more fish than others. 5．Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit (smoke). 6．However, my conscience (良心) kept (bother) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. 7．He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply (complain), he decided to do something about it. 8．Professional coaches teach basic swimming skills like (breathe) and freestyle for total beginners. 9．Local companies support students' physical development by (sponsor) school sports meetings. 10．She kept on (chat) with her friend on the phone, even though her mom reminded her to do homework several times. 11．This museum does not permit (take) photos of the ancient artifacts to protect them. 12．Though he is only five years old, the little boy succeeded in (fold) his own clothes by himself. 13．The community committee bans (burn) waste in the yard to keep the air clean. 14．You should avoid (damage) the plumbing system when renovating the house. 15．She regretted (ignore) the importance of plumbing maintenance, which caused a leak. 16．My hobby is (read) various books to broaden my horizons in free time. 17．What he likes best is (make) model planes. 18．Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour. 19．What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately. 20．When I woke up and came out of the dormitory, he remained (stand) there. 21．It’s hard to keep your nerve when people keep (interrupt) you. 22．What he enjoys most is (play) basketball with his teammates after school. 23．The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green. 24．The most important thing now is (find) a place to live in. 25．It’s a waste of time (argue) with someone who never listens to reason. 26．Most teenagers enjoy (share) their daily lives with friends on social media platforms. 27．You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and (enjoy) the plants and animals. 28．Happiness always keeps her company; something as simple as (drink) a cup of coffee can make her happy and content all morning. 29．If you don’t put down your mobile phone right now, you’ll end up (ruin) your schedule again. 30．It is not easy to concentrate on (write) in a noisy room. 二、完成句子 31．I often _______________ part of my meal for the next day. 我经常会把一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。 32．她现在正在考虑收养一只宠物来陪伴她。 She is now ________ a pet to keep her company. 33．我姐姐每天晚上都在练习钢琴，以通过等级考试。 My sister keeps on __________ every evening to pass the grade exam. 34．母亲一直告诉我，幸福在于帮助他人获得快乐。 My mother always tells me that happiness ________________. 35．在学习英语方面，与母语者练习口语比仅仅背单词更有帮助。 ________, practicing speaking with native speakers is more helpful than just memorizing words. 36．你介意为我打开窗户吗？ _________ the _________ for me? 37．她承认在考试中作弊了，并向老师道了歉。 She ________ ________ in the exam and apologized to the teacher. 38．众所周知，詹姆斯对设计大桥很在行。 It is well known that James _________________ bridges. 39．当然，并不是所有抬头看的学生都是在专心听课。（动名词作表语） Of course, not everyone who looks up is ________ ________ ________ ________. 40．My hobby is ________ some ________ books. 我的爱好是阅读一些让人轻松的书籍。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二下·重庆北碚·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A study 1 (conduct) by leading behavioral scientists shows that nearly 70% of communication happens nonverbally. Understanding human body language is essential because not everyone possesses a perfect poker face at all times. Even when individuals try their hardest to remain polite, their true internal feelings often leak out through subtle facial signals, 2 (imply) that they might be feeling irritated or overwhelmed. One common red flag is the frequent and sudden use of mobile phones. In today’s always-connected culture, looking down at a digital screen provides a socially acceptable escape. However, such behavior often signals deep boredom or annoyance. If someone is 3 (genuine) interested in what you are saying, they will stay fully engaged. In some strict 4 (profession) settings, employees are suggested that they 5 (ban) from using smartphones during meetings to ensure that everyone focuses entirely on 6 social interaction occurring at that moment. Physical movements also provide vital clues. Many people tend to shift in their seats or take heavy 7 (breath) when annoyed. These actions are attempts to reset the nervous system and regain calmness. By making a careful 8 (compare) between a person’s normal behavior and these sudden physical shifts, you can easily detect discomfort. Learning to interpret these signals correctly helps build better communication and avoid misunderstandings. These behaviors often indicate a hidden conflict. The conversation, 9 which someone’s sudden sighing is a direct response, usually ends awkwardly if the signs are ignored. Ultimately, 10 matters most is our ability to read the room and respect others’ personal boundaries. （25-26高二上·福建宁德·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We use both words and body language to express our ideas in our interactions with other people, learning a lot about 1 people are thinking by watching their body language. Just like spoken language, body language 2 (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in 3 way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact in some countries is to display interest but is not always 4 (approve) of in many Middle Eastern countries, where men and women are not 5 (social) permitted to make eye contact. The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone 6 witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money, while in France, a person 7 (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. Some body language, like a smile, can help us get 8 difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers, and break down barriers. We can use a smile to make an 9 (apologise), to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing 10 (good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二下·河南南阳·阶段检测）As someone who studies communication, I’ve noticed how some speakers seemed instantly clearer when they gestured. This made me wonder: Do gestures actually make communicators more effective? The short answer is yes, but only when the gestures visually represent the idea you’re talking about. Researchers call these movements “illustrators”. When talking about distance, you might spread your hands apart while saying something is “farther away”. When explaining how two concepts relate, you might bring your hands together while saying “these ideas fit together.” When describing how the market demand “is going up and down”, you could visually show a wave shape with your hands. To study gestures at scale, my team and I analyzed 200, 000 video segments from more than 2,000 TED talks using AI tools that can detect and classify hand gestures frame by frame. We paired this with controlled experiments in which our study participants evaluated entrepreneurs presenting a product. The same pattern of results appeared in both settings. In the AI-analyzed TED Talk data, illustrative gestures predicted higher audience evaluations, reflected in more than 33 million online “likes” of the videos. And in our experiments, 1,600 participants rated speakers who used illustrative gestures as more clear, competent and persuasive. What I found is that these gestures give listeners a visual shortcut to your meaning. They make abstract ideas feel more concrete, helping listeners build a mental picture of what you’re saying. This makes the message feel easier to process — a phenomenon psychologists call “processing fluency”. And we found that when ideas feel easier to grasp, people tend to see the speaker as more competent and persuasive. But not all gestures help. Movements that don’t match the message — like random waving, fidgeting or pointing to things in the space — offer no such benefit. In some cases, they can even distract. A practical method: Focus on clarity over planned gestures. Think about where your hands naturally illustrate what you’re saying — emphasizing size, direction or emotion — and let them move with purpose. 1．Which is TRUE about illustrative gestures? A．They can explain abstract ideas. B．They are random hand movements. C．They are designed to attract audiences. D．They work better when speakers express ideas. 2．What can be inferred from the study? A．AI is key to reliable research results. B．Speakers’ abilities depend on gestures. C．More gestures lead to more online likes. D．Gestures influence people’s judgment of speakers’ performance. 3．What is the author’s attitude to unmatched gestures? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Negative. D．Doubtful. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Secrets of giving excellent TED talks. B．Ways to improve communication skills. C．Research on abstract and concrete ideas. D．Effects of illustrative gestures on communication. （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期末）Communication is more than just words. In fact, studies show that when meeting a stranger, only 7% of the impression we make comes from our actual words. Our tone of voice contributes 38%, and a huge 55% comes from body language— the unspoken signals we send through gestures, postures, and facial expressions. This silent language often reveals our true feelings, even when our words say something different. Take hand gestures as an example. A salesman might notice a customer resting their hand on their chin during a presentation. This gesture usually betokens disinterest, telling the salesman that the customer is not engaged. On the other hand, open palms are often a sign of honesty and openness across many cultures. Eye contact is another powerful part of body language. When someone looks at you with dilated pupils (瞳孔), it often means they are interested in what you’re saying. But if their pupils shrink (缩小) and their gaze feels sharp, they might be feeling unfriendly or challenging you. However, the rules change with culture; in some Asian countries, avoiding direct eye contact shows respect, while in Western cultures, it can seem rude or untrustworthy. Facial expressions, especially smiles, are also key. A genuine smile involves not just the mouth but also the eyes, creating “crow’s feet” around them. Fake smiles, by contrast, only use the mouth muscles. But even smiles have cultural differences. In some countries, a smile might hide embarrassment, not just happiness. Experts suggest a technique called “mirroring” to build connection. This means gently copying the other person’s body language—like leaning forward if they do, or using similar gestures. The key is to do it naturally; forced mirroring can feel insincere. Body language is a skill we can learn. By understanding these silent signals, we can communicate more effectively and build better relationships with others. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To lead into the main topic of body language. B．To show the results of a study on communication. C．To explain the differences between words and tones. D．To describe how to make a good impression on strangers. 2．What does the underlined word “betokens” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Advocates. B．Inquires. C．Indicates. D．Consumes. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The importance of body language in an interview. B．Differences in using eye contact in Asian countries. C．How to make a good impression through eye contact. D．Eye contact serving as a key element of body language. 4．What can be known from the last two paragraphs? A．Body language can be very difficult to master. B．Mirroring must be done naturally to work well. C．Mirroring is the best way to build connection with others. D．It’s not essential to understand silent signals for most people. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Body Language 核心语法精练（动名词作宾语和表语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 10 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 动名词作宾语 当动名词（V-ing形式）位于及物动词或介词之后，充当动作的对象时，它就是宾语。 一、 只能接动名词 (V-ing) 作宾语的动词 (重点记忆)： 这些动词通常表示已经发生、正在进行、习惯性或抽象概念的动作。常见的有： admit (承认) appreciate (感激；欣赏) avoid (避免) consider (考虑；认为) delay (推迟) deny (否认) discuss (讨论) dislike (不喜欢) enjoy (享受；喜欢) escape (逃避) excuse (原谅) fancy (想象；喜欢) finish (完成) forbid (禁止) [注意：常用 forbid sb. to do sth., 但直接说 forbid doing sth.] imagine (想象) involve (涉及；需要) keep (on) (继续) mention (提及) miss (错过；想念) permit (允许) [注意：常用 permit sb. to do sth., 但直接说 permit doing sth.] postpone (推迟) practise / practice (练习) prevent (阻止) [常用 prevent sb. (from) doing sth.] prohibit (禁止) put off (推迟) quit (停止；放弃) recommend (推荐；建议) report (报告) resent (怨恨) resist (抵抗) risk (冒险) suggest (建议) tolerate (容忍) 二、 可接动名词 (V-ing) 也可接不定式 (to do) 作宾语的动词 (注意区别)： 1. 意义基本相同： begin / start (开始) continue (继续) intend (打算) prefer (更喜欢) [常用 prefer doing A to doing B 或 prefer to do A rather than do B] like (喜欢) / love (爱) / hate (讨厌) [表示一般倾向时，两者常可互换；但表示具体某次动作，尤其有 would 时，多用不定式] 2. 意义明显不同： forget (忘记) forget doing sth.：忘记做过某事（事情已发生）。 forget to do sth.：忘记要去做某事（事情未发生）。 remember (记得) remember doing sth.：记得做过某事（事情已发生）。 remember to do sth.：记得要去做某事（事情未发生）。 regret (后悔；遗憾) regret doing sth.：后悔做了某事（对过去已做的事）。 regret to do sth.：遗憾地要去做某事（常与 say, tell, inform 等连用，表示对即将说的话/做的事感到遗憾）。 stop (停止) stop doing sth.：停止正在做的事情。 stop to do sth.：停下来（正在做的事）去做另一件事。 try (尝试；设法) try doing sth.：尝试做某事（试验、看看效果如何）。 try to do sth.：努力/设法去做某事（强调付出努力）。 mean (意味着；打算) mean doing sth.：意味着...（主语通常是事物）。 mean to do sth.：打算/意图做...（主语通常是人）。 三、 介词后的宾语必须是动名词 (V-ing)： 这是英语语法中的绝对规则。介词（如 about, at, in, on, of, for, with, without, by, after, before, against, instead of, apart from, as well as, be interested in, be good at, be afraid of, be fond of, be tired of, be responsible for, look forward to, object to, devote...to, pay attention to, get used to, lead to, contribute to 等）后面如果跟动词，这个动词必须变成动名词形式 (V-ing)。 动名词作表语 1．动名词用作表语 Her job is checking letter of credit and terms of contract． 她的工作是核对信用证和合同款。 That is not playing the game． 这样做就不公平了。 This was really carrying matters a little too far． 这事做得真有点太过分了。 [名师点津] (1)不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。 动名词说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容； 现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。 His job is cleaning the classroom.(动名词短语作表语) 他的工作就是打扫教室。 He is cleaning the classroom.(谓语，现在进行时) 他正在打扫教室。 (2)动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，两者的区别是： 表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动名词(短语)； 表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式。 但在多数情况下，两者差别不太大，可以互用。试比较： Our job is building houses.(经常性的一般行为) 我们的工作是盖房子。 Our main task now is to build this house.(特定的具体某次行为) 我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。 2．现在分词用作表语 现在分词作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。 许多作表语的现在分词几乎已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以有比较级形式。这类常见的现在分词有amazing, amusing, annoying, astonishing, boring, charming等。 The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging． 我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。 A few pages are wanting． 有几处缺页。 The whole damned day had been humiliating． 这一整天可坏透了，令人丢脸。 [名师点津] (1)现在分词作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear, sound, look, become, come, get, go, grow, keep, remain, seem等。 What he says sounds more convincing． 他说的话听起来更有说服力。 The European scene began to look threatening again. 欧洲局势再度出现危险。 (2)现在分词作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；进行时态中的分词是谓语动词的组成部分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。 The present situation is encouraging．(表语) 目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。 The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(现在进行时) 目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。 The problem is quite pressing．(表语) 问题很紧迫。 She is pressing the button.(现在进行时) 她正在按电钮。 一、单句语法填空 1．The film is very moving and worth (watch) a second time in our spare time. 【答案】watching 【详解】句意：这部电影十分感人，值得我们闲暇时再看一遍。be worth doing为固定结构，动名词作宾语。 2．I suggest (take) more exercise to strengthen our physical health every day. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：我建议每天多做运动，以此增强我们的身体素质。suggest doing sth是固定搭配，意为“建议做某事”，用动名词作宾语。 3．Most students are looking forward to (take) part in colorful after-school activities. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：大多数学生期待参加丰富多彩的课外活动。look forward to是固定短语，意为“期待”，此处to是介词，后接动名词taking，作宾语。 4．One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from an island where we often risked (go) and got more fish than others. 【答案】going 【详解】句意：有一天，我和我的两个兄弟正从一座小岛返回，我们常常冒险前往那座小岛，并且在那里捕到比别人更多的鱼。risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”是固定搭配，动名词作宾语，因此go变成动名词going。 5．Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit (smoke). 【答案】smoking 【详解】句意：医生们正在进行相关研究，以探究人们戒烟后身体上会发生何种变化。quit smoking意为“戒烟”，因此空格处是动名词smoking。 6．However, my conscience (良心) kept (bother) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. 【答案】bothering 【详解】句意：然而，我的良心一直困扰着我。我试着站在我兄弟的角度去考虑。“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“一直做某事、持续做某事”，表示动作反复或持续发生，用动名词形式bothering作宾语。 7．He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks. Instead of simply (complain), he decided to do something about it. 【答案】complaining 【详解】句意：他喜欢在自己居住的小区里骑自行车兜风，但看到公园和人行道上有许多散落的塑料瓶时，他感到非常沮丧。他没有只是单纯地抱怨，而是决定采取行动来解决这个问题。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。 8．Professional coaches teach basic swimming skills like (breathe) and freestyle for total beginners. 【答案】breathing 【详解】句意：专业教练为完全不会游泳的人教授像呼吸和自由泳这样的基本游泳技能。like在此处意为“像”，为介词，后接动名词breathing作宾语。 9．Local companies support students' physical development by (sponsor) school sports meetings. 【答案】sponsoring 【详解】句意：当地企业通过赞助学校运动会来支持学生的身体发育。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。 10．She kept on (chat) with her friend on the phone, even though her mom reminded her to do homework several times. 【答案】chatting 【详解】句意：即使妈妈多次提醒她去做作业，她还是继续和朋友通电话聊天。此处为固定短语keep on doing sth.“持续/一直做某事”，chat 变动名词为chatting。 11．This museum does not permit (take) photos of the ancient artifacts to protect them. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：这家博物馆禁止拍摄文物照片，以此保护文物。permit doing sth“允许做某事”，空处用动名词taking作宾语，take photos of意为“拍摄照片”。 12．Though he is only five years old, the little boy succeeded in (fold) his own clothes by himself. 【答案】folding 【详解】句意：尽管这个小男孩只有五岁，但他还是成功地自己叠好了衣服。根据空格前的介词in可知，空格处应该用动名词folding作宾语。 13．The community committee bans (burn) waste in the yard to keep the air clean. 【答案】burning 【详解】句意：社区委员会禁止在院子里焚烧垃圾，以保持空气清洁。句中已有谓语动词bans，空处应填非谓语动词，ban后接动名词，与空后的waste构成动名词短语burning waste, 意为“焚烧垃圾”，作bans的宾语。 14．You should avoid (damage) the plumbing system when renovating the house. 【答案】damaging 【详解】句意：在对房屋进行装修时，您应避免损坏管道系统。短语avoid doing sth.表示“避免做某事”。 15．She regretted (ignore) the importance of plumbing maintenance, which caused a leak. 【答案】ignoring 【详解】句意：她后悔忽视了管道维护的重要性，这导致了漏水。句中已有谓语动词regretted，空处应填非谓语动词。regret后可接动名词作宾语，表示后悔做过某事，ignore的动名词形式为ignoring。 16．My hobby is (read) various books to broaden my horizons in free time. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：我的爱好是闲暇时阅读各类书籍，拓宽眼界。read various books为动词短语，设空处使用动名词作表语。 17．What he likes best is (make) model planes. 【答案】making 【详解】句意：他最喜欢的是制作飞机模型。空处作表语，应用非谓语动词，陈述一个人的爱好，应用动名词。 18．Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour. 【答案】writing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：马特做过的一些看似不可能的事包括写一本书和进行一次巡回演讲。根据“were”和并列连词“and”可知，此处与“going on a speaking tour”并列作表语，故应用动名词形式“writing”，表示“写”这一行为。故填writing。 19．What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately. 【答案】interpreting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在有效的沟通中，重要的是准确地解读肢体语言。空处作表语，说明主语的内容或性质，需用动名词形式interpreting。故填interpreting。 20．When I woke up and came out of the dormitory, he remained (stand) there. 【答案】standing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我醒来并走出宿舍时，他仍然站在那里。本句谓语为remained，此处为非谓语动词，remain doing sth.“一直保持做某事的状态”，本空用现在分词，作表语，stand的现在分词形式为standing。故填standing。 21．It’s hard to keep your nerve when people keep (interrupt) you. 【答案】interrupting 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当人们不停地打断你时，你很难保持镇定。keep doing sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，因此空格处用现在分词interrupting做表语，故填interrupting。 22．What he enjoys most is (play) basketball with his teammates after school. 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他最喜欢的事情就是放学后和队友一起打篮球。设空处作表语，与主语 what 从句，表“喜欢的事”，动名词作表语表习惯性动作。故填playing。 23．The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green. 【答案】dressing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所谓的薄荷曼波风格，只不过是穿着各种清新绿色调的衣服。is为系动词，后面需用动名词dressing作表语，构成“主系表”结构，说明Mint Mambo Style的具体内容。故填dressing。 24．The most important thing now is (find) a place to live in. 【答案】finding 【详解】考查动名词。句意：现在最重要的是找到一个居住的地方。根据空前is和空后a place to live in可知，空处需用动名词finding，作表语，表示“找到一个居住的地方”是当前最重要的事情。故填finding。 25．It’s a waste of time (argue) with someone who never listens to reason. 【答案】arguing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：和一个从不听从道理的人争论纯粹是浪费时间。固定句型 It’s a waste of time doing sth表示“做某事是浪费时间”，it为形式主语，动名词arguing作真正主语。 26．Most teenagers enjoy (share) their daily lives with friends on social media platforms. 【答案】sharing 【详解】句意：大多数青少年喜欢在社交媒体平台上和朋友们分享他们的日常生活。enjoy doing sth.是固定用法，表示“喜欢做某事”，要将share变成sharing。 27．You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and (enjoy) the plants and animals. 【答案】enjoying 【详解】句意：句意：之后你可以花三天时间，在当地向导的带领下游览雨林，欣赏各类动植物。spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”是固定搭配，空处用动名词enjoying和上文exploring并列作宾语。 28．Happiness always keeps her company; something as simple as (drink) a cup of coffee can make her happy and content all morning. 【答案】drinking 【详解】句意：快乐总是陪伴着她；像喝一杯咖啡这样简单的事情就能让她整个上午都开心和满足。根据“as simple as”可知，as为介词，后接动名词作宾语，drink的动名词形式为drinking。 29．If you don’t put down your mobile phone right now, you’ll end up (ruin) your schedule again. 【答案】ruining 【详解】句意：如果你现在还不放下手机，你就会再次破坏自己的计划安排。短语end up doing sth.表示“最终做某事”，动名词作宾语。 30．It is not easy to concentrate on (write) in a noisy room. 【答案】writing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在嘈杂的房间里专心写作并不容易。concentrate on doing sth.表示“集中精力做某事”，on是介词，用动名词形式作宾语。故填writing。 二、完成句子 31．I often _______________ part of my meal for the next day. 我经常会把一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。 【答案】end up saving 【详解】表示“最终做某事”应用end up doing sth.，结合often可知，使用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形，表示“留存”应用save，此处为动名词saving。 32．她现在正在考虑收养一只宠物来陪伴她。 She is now ________ a pet to keep her company. 【答案】considering adopting 【详解】表示“考虑收养”可用consider adopting，根据句意“她现在正在考虑”以及is now可知，此处应用现在进行时，consider在句中作谓语，adopting作consider的宾语，consider doing sth.为固定搭配，意为”考虑做某事”。 33．我姐姐每天晚上都在练习钢琴，以通过等级考试。 My sister keeps on __________ every evening to pass the grade exam. 【答案】practicing the piano 【详解】根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应翻译“在练习钢琴”；keeps是动词keep的第三人称单数形式，keep on要接V-ing作宾语，“练习钢琴”译为practice the piano，practice的V-ing形式是practicing，即practicing the piano。 34．母亲一直告诉我，幸福在于帮助他人获得快乐。 My mother always tells me that happiness ________________. 【答案】lies in helping others to be happy 【详解】对比中英文可知，空处表示“在于帮助他人获得快乐”，“在于”可用动词短语lie in，“帮助某人做某事”可用动词短语help sb. to do sth.，help需用动名词形式，作宾语，“他人”用代词others，“快乐”可用形容词happy，结合前面的“tells”可知，从句时态保持一致，用一般现在时，主语happiness是不可数名词，lie需用第三人称单数形式。 35．在学习英语方面，与母语者练习口语比仅仅背单词更有帮助。 ________, practicing speaking with native speakers is more helpful than just memorizing words. 【答案】In terms of learning English 【详解】通过对比可知，空格处表达“在学习英语方面”，“在……方面”用固定短语in terms of，“学习英语”翻译为learn English，用动名词learning作宾语，句首单词首字母大写。 36．你介意为我打开窗户吗？ _________ the _________ for me? 【答案】 Would you mind opening window 【详解】表示“你介意做某事吗？”使用固定句型Would you mind doing sth.?，“打开”是open，使用动名词，作宾语，“窗户”使用名词window。 37．她承认在考试中作弊了，并向老师道了歉。 She ________ ________ in the exam and apologized to the teacher. 【答案】 admitted cheating 【详解】本题考查动词时态及非谓语动词用法，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，“承认做某事”用固定结构admit doing sth.，其中admit需用过去式admitted，后接动名词作宾语，“作弊”对应的动名词为cheating，故答案为：①admitted；②cheating。 38．众所周知，詹姆斯对设计大桥很在行。 It is well known that James _________________ bridges. 【答案】is expert in/at designing 【详解】考查固定短语、动名词、时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“对设计很在行”，“对做某事很在行”使用固定短语be expert in/at doing sth.，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语James是单数，因此be动词用is，“设计”是design，用动名词形式作宾语，因此空格处是is expert in/at designing。故填is expert in/at designing。 39．当然，并不是所有抬头看的学生都是在专心听课。（动名词作表语） Of course, not everyone who looks up is ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 paying attention in class 【详解】考查非谓语动词。is是系动词，空格处为表语，表示“注意”，用pay attention，体现正在进行的状态，用动名词形式paying。表示“上课中”，用in class。故填paying attention in class。 40．My hobby is ________ some ________ books. 我的爱好是阅读一些让人轻松的书籍。 【答案】 reading relaxing 【详解】考查动名词和形容词。第一空表示“阅读”，使用动词read，使用动名词作表语，说明主语的内容；第二空表示“让人轻松的”，使用形容词relaxing，作定语修饰名词books。故填①reading②relaxing。 题型一 语法填空 （25-26高二下·重庆北碚·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A study 1 (conduct) by leading behavioral scientists shows that nearly 70% of communication happens nonverbally. Understanding human body language is essential because not everyone possesses a perfect poker face at all times. Even when individuals try their hardest to remain polite, their true internal feelings often leak out through subtle facial signals, 2 (imply) that they might be feeling irritated or overwhelmed. One common red flag is the frequent and sudden use of mobile phones. In today’s always-connected culture, looking down at a digital screen provides a socially acceptable escape. However, such behavior often signals deep boredom or annoyance. If someone is 3 (genuine) interested in what you are saying, they will stay fully engaged. In some strict 4 (profession) settings, employees are suggested that they 5 (ban) from using smartphones during meetings to ensure that everyone focuses entirely on 6 social interaction occurring at that moment. Physical movements also provide vital clues. Many people tend to shift in their seats or take heavy 7 (breath) when annoyed. These actions are attempts to reset the nervous system and regain calmness. By making a careful 8 (compare) between a person’s normal behavior and these sudden physical shifts, you can easily detect discomfort. Learning to interpret these signals correctly helps build better communication and avoid misunderstandings. These behaviors often indicate a hidden conflict. The conversation, 9 which someone’s sudden sighing is a direct response, usually ends awkwardly if the signs are ignored. Ultimately, 10 matters most is our ability to read the room and respect others’ personal boundaries. 【答案】 1．conducted 2．implying 3．genuinely 4．professional 5．should be banned/be banned 6．the 7．breaths 8．comparison 9．to 10．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非语言交流在沟通中的重要性，以及人体语言（如手机使用、肢体动作）所传递的信号和解读这些信号的意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：由顶尖行为科学家开展的一项研究表明，近70%的交流是非语言性的。主句中已有谓语动词shows，空格处修饰名词study，conduct与study之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。故填conducted。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：即使当人们尽最大努力保持礼貌时，他们真实的内心感受也常常通过微妙的面部信号流露出来，这意味着他们可能感到烦躁或不知所措。句子主干为“their true internal feelings often leak out through subtle facial signals”，且逗号后无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，imply与前面整个句子构成主动关系，因此用现在分词作结果状语。故填implying。 3．考查副词。句意：如果有人真的对你所说的话感兴趣，他们会完全投入其中。此处修饰形容词interested（感兴趣的），应用副词形式，genuine的副词为genuinely，意为“真正地；真诚地”。故填genuinely。 4．考查形容词。句意：在一些严格的职业场合，建议员工在会议期间禁止使用智能手机，以确保每个人都完全专注于当时发生的社交互动。此处修饰名词settings（场合），应用形容词形式，profession的形容词为professional，意为“职业的”。故填professional。 5．考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：在一些严格的职业场合，建议员工在会议期间禁止使用智能手机，以确保每个人都完全专注于当时发生的社交互动。suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“(should)+动词原形”，且employees与ban之间是被动关系，因此用(should) be banned。故填(should) be banned。 6．考查冠词。句意：在一些严格的职业场合，建议员工在会议期间禁止使用智能手机，以确保每个人都完全专注于当时发生的社交互动。social interaction（社交互动）为可数名词短语，此处特指“当时发生的社交互动”，为特指，所以用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 7．考查名词复数。句意：很多人在感到烦躁时，往往会在座位上动来动去或深呼吸。take...breaths为固定搭配，意为“呼吸”，take heavy breaths表示“深呼吸”。故填breaths。 8．考查名词。句意：通过仔细比较一个人的正常行为和这些突然的身体变化，你可以很容易地发现不适。make a comparison为固定搭配，意为“进行比较”，a后接可数名词单数，compare的名词形式是comparison。故填comparison。 9．考查介词。句意：如果忽视这些信号，某人突然叹气作为直接反应的那场对话，通常会尴尬地结束。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为the conversation，且a direct response to sth.为固定搭配，意为“对某事的直接反应”，因此用介词to。故填to。 10．考查主语从句。句意：归根结底，最重要的是我们观察现场氛围、尊重他人个人边界的能力。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指代“最重要的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 （25-26高二上·福建宁德·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 We use both words and body language to express our ideas in our interactions with other people, learning a lot about 1 people are thinking by watching their body language. Just like spoken language, body language 2 (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in 3 way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact in some countries is to display interest but is not always 4 (approve) of in many Middle Eastern countries, where men and women are not 5 (social) permitted to make eye contact. The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone 6 witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money, while in France, a person 7 (encounter) an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. Some body language, like a smile, can help us get 8 difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers, and break down barriers. We can use a smile to make an 9 (apologise), to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. If we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing 10 (good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 【答案】 1．what 2．varies 3．a 4．approved 5．socially 6．who/that 7．encountering 8．through 9．apology 10．better 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在与他人互动时，我们既使用语言也使用肢体语言来表达想法，且肢体语言因文化而异。 1．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我们在与他人交流时既使用语言也使用肢体语言来表达想法，通过观察他人的肢体语言，我们能了解到他们在想什么。此处引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语，从句中缺少thinking的宾语，需用连接词what，表示“……的事情”。故填what。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。空处为句子谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语body language是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数varies，故填varies。 3．考查冠词。句意：关键是要以一种适合你所处文化的方式使用肢体语言。此处泛指“一种方式”，“way”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a修饰，in a way意为“以一种方式”。故填a。 4．考查动词语态。句意：例如，在一些国家，眼神交流是为了表达兴趣，但在许多中东国家并不总是被认可，在那里男性和女性在社交上不被允许进行眼神交流。“eye contact”与“approve”之间是被动关系（被认可），且前面有“is not always”，需用被动语态“be approved”。故填approved。 5．考查副词。句意：例如，在一些国家，眼神交流是为了表示兴趣，但在许多中东国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可的，在那里，男女在社交场合不被允许眼神交流。空格处用副词socially作状语修饰动词permitted，socially意为“在社交上”，故填socially。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在日本，目睹别人使用这个手势的人可能会认为这意味着钱，而在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会认为这意味着零。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词someone是人，因此空格处用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在日本，目睹别人使用这个手势的人可能会认为这意味着钱，而在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会认为这意味着零。句中谓语是“may interpret”，空格处作后置定语，a person和encounter之间是主动关系，因此空格处用现在分词表作后置定语主动，故填encountering。 8．考查介词。句意：一些肢体语言，比如微笑，可以帮助我们度过困境，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友，打破障碍。此处是固定搭配get through，意为“度过、熬过（困难时期）”。故填through。 9．考查名词。句意：我们可以用微笑来道歉，问候某人，寻求帮助，或者开始对话。空格处用名词作宾语，apologise的名词是apology，意为“道歉”，make an apology是固定短语，意为“道歉”，故填apology。 10．考查比较级。句意：如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。根据句中的than可知，此处需用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高二下·河南南阳·阶段检测）As someone who studies communication, I’ve noticed how some speakers seemed instantly clearer when they gestured. This made me wonder: Do gestures actually make communicators more effective? The short answer is yes, but only when the gestures visually represent the idea you’re talking about. Researchers call these movements “illustrators”. When talking about distance, you might spread your hands apart while saying something is “farther away”. When explaining how two concepts relate, you might bring your hands together while saying “these ideas fit together.” When describing how the market demand “is going up and down”, you could visually show a wave shape with your hands. To study gestures at scale, my team and I analyzed 200, 000 video segments from more than 2,000 TED talks using AI tools that can detect and classify hand gestures frame by frame. We paired this with controlled experiments in which our study participants evaluated entrepreneurs presenting a product. The same pattern of results appeared in both settings. In the AI-analyzed TED Talk data, illustrative gestures predicted higher audience evaluations, reflected in more than 33 million online “likes” of the videos. And in our experiments, 1,600 participants rated speakers who used illustrative gestures as more clear, competent and persuasive. What I found is that these gestures give listeners a visual shortcut to your meaning. They make abstract ideas feel more concrete, helping listeners build a mental picture of what you’re saying. This makes the message feel easier to process — a phenomenon psychologists call “processing fluency”. And we found that when ideas feel easier to grasp, people tend to see the speaker as more competent and persuasive. But not all gestures help. Movements that don’t match the message — like random waving, fidgeting or pointing to things in the space — offer no such benefit. In some cases, they can even distract. A practical method: Focus on clarity over planned gestures. Think about where your hands naturally illustrate what you’re saying — emphasizing size, direction or emotion — and let them move with purpose. 1．Which is TRUE about illustrative gestures? A．They can explain abstract ideas. B．They are random hand movements. C．They are designed to attract audiences. D．They work better when speakers express ideas. 2．What can be inferred from the study? A．AI is key to reliable research results. B．Speakers’ abilities depend on gestures. C．More gestures lead to more online likes. D．Gestures influence people’s judgment of speakers’ performance. 3．What is the author’s attitude to unmatched gestures? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Negative. D．Doubtful. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Secrets of giving excellent TED talks. B．Ways to improve communication skills. C．Research on abstract and concrete ideas. D．Effects of illustrative gestures on communication. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现“能直观体现内容的手势能提升沟通效果”，让表达更清晰、更有说服力；但无关、杂乱的手势反而会分散注意力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“This made me wonder: Do gestures actually make communicators more effective? The short answer is yes, but only when the gestures visually represent the idea you’re talking about.(这让我不禁思考：手势真的能让交流者更有效吗？简短的回答是肯定的，但前提是这些手势要能直观地表达你所谈论的想法。)”可知，只有当手势视觉呈现你讲的观点的时候才有用，即，当演讲者表达观点时，手势能让效果会更好。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“…illustrative gestures predicted higher audience evaluations, reflected in more than 33 million online ‘likes’ of the videos. And in our experiments, 1,600 participants rated speakers who used illustrative gestures as more clear, competent and persuasive.(……解释性手势预示着观众评价更高，这一点从这些视频超过3300万的网络点赞量中得以体现。而在我们的实验中，1600名参与者认为，使用解释性手势的演讲者表达更清晰、更有能力，也更具说服力。)”可知，研究表明，使用解释性手势的演讲会获得较多的网络点赞，同时，这类演讲者被认为更清晰、更有能力、更有说服力，由此推知，解释性手势影响人们对演讲者表现的评价。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“Movements that don’t match the message — like random waving, fidgeting or pointing to things in the space — offer no such benefit. In some cases, they can even distract.(与传达的信息不相符的动作 —— 比如随意挥动手臂、坐立不安或在空间中指指点点 —— 并不会带来任何益处。在某些情况下，这些动作甚至会分散注意力。)”可知，作者认为与信息不匹配的手势没有帮助，甚至会分散注意力。由此推知，作者对此手势的态度是消极否定的。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，首段内容“This made me wonder: Do gestures actually make communicators more effective? The short answer is yes, but only when the gestures visually represent the idea you’re talking about.(这让我不禁思考：手势真的能让交流者更有效吗？简短的回答是肯定的，但前提是这些手势要能直观地表达你所谈论的想法。)”揭示了文章的核心话题，即，文章核心讨论解释性手势对沟通效果的影响，同时在后文用研究验证了匹配内容的说明性手势能提升沟通效果，无效手势反而有负作用。选项D“Effects of illustrative gestures on communication.(解释性手势对交流的影响。)”贴合主旨。故选D项。 （25-26高二上·陕西西安·期末）Communication is more than just words. In fact, studies show that when meeting a stranger, only 7% of the impression we make comes from our actual words. Our tone of voice contributes 38%, and a huge 55% comes from body language— the unspoken signals we send through gestures, postures, and facial expressions. This silent language often reveals our true feelings, even when our words say something different. Take hand gestures as an example. A salesman might notice a customer resting their hand on their chin during a presentation. This gesture usually betokens disinterest, telling the salesman that the customer is not engaged. On the other hand, open palms are often a sign of honesty and openness across many cultures. Eye contact is another powerful part of body language. When someone looks at you with dilated pupils (瞳孔), it often means they are interested in what you’re saying. But if their pupils shrink (缩小) and their gaze feels sharp, they might be feeling unfriendly or challenging you. However, the rules change with culture; in some Asian countries, avoiding direct eye contact shows respect, while in Western cultures, it can seem rude or untrustworthy. Facial expressions, especially smiles, are also key. A genuine smile involves not just the mouth but also the eyes, creating “crow’s feet” around them. Fake smiles, by contrast, only use the mouth muscles. But even smiles have cultural differences. In some countries, a smile might hide embarrassment, not just happiness. Experts suggest a technique called “mirroring” to build connection. This means gently copying the other person’s body language—like leaning forward if they do, or using similar gestures. The key is to do it naturally; forced mirroring can feel insincere. Body language is a skill we can learn. By understanding these silent signals, we can communicate more effectively and build better relationships with others. 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To lead into the main topic of body language. B．To show the results of a study on communication. C．To explain the differences between words and tones. D．To describe how to make a good impression on strangers. 2．What does the underlined word “betokens” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Advocates. B．Inquires. C．Indicates. D．Consumes. 3．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The importance of body language in an interview. B．Differences in using eye contact in Asian countries. C．How to make a good impression through eye contact. D．Eye contact serving as a key element of body language. 4．What can be known from the last two paragraphs? A．Body language can be very difficult to master. B．Mirroring must be done naturally to work well. C．Mirroring is the best way to build connection with others. D．It’s not essential to understand silent signals for most people. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是肢体语言在沟通中的重要性及其作用。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Our tone of voice contributes 38%, and a huge 55% comes from body language— the unspoken signals we send through gestures, postures, and facial expressions. This silent language often reveals our true feelings, even when our words say something different.(38%来自我们的语气，而高达55%则来自肢体语言——即我们通过手势、姿势和面部表情传递的无声信号。这种无声的语言往往能揭示我们的真实感受，即便言语表达的内容有所不同。)”可知，第一段的作用是引出肢体语言这一主题。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“telling the salesman that the customer is not engaged(向销售员表明顾客并未投入其中)”和“disinterest(无兴趣)”可知，有顾客将手托在下巴上，这一手势通常意味着不感兴趣，betokens的意思是“表示”，和indicates意思相近。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Eye contact is another powerful part of body language. When someone looks at you with dilated pupils (瞳孔), it often means they are interested in what you’re saying. But if their pupils shrink (缩小) and their gaze feels sharp, they might be feeling unfriendly or challenging you. However, the rules change with culture; in some Asian countries, avoiding direct eye contact shows respect, while in Western cultures, it can seem rude or untrustworthy.(眼神交流也是肢体语言中极为重要的一部分。当某人用扩张的瞳孔注视你时，往往意味着他们对你说的话感兴趣。但如果他们的瞳孔缩小，且目光锐利，那么他们可能感到不友好或在挑战你。然而，这些规则会因文化而异；在一些亚洲国家，避免直视对方表示尊重，而在西方文化中，这可能被视为粗鲁或不可信。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是眼神交流是肢体语言的关键要素。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Experts suggest a technique called “mirroring” to build connection.(专家建议采用一种称为“模仿”的技巧来建立联系。)”和“The key is to do it naturally; forced mirroring can feel insincere.(关键是要做得自然；刻意的模仿会让人感觉不真诚。)”可知，模仿必须自然进行才能有效。故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $