Unit 4 Body language Reading and Thinking 课文翻译及重点词块 清单-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

该高中英语知识清单聚焦新人教选择性必修B1U4“倾听身体的诉说”主题，系统梳理身势语的跨文化差异与共通性。从身势语与言语共同表达思想的重要性出发，通过眼神交流、OK手势等案例分析不同文化中的差异，进而探讨共通手势及多功能身势语（如微笑），并附核心词汇解析（如express thoughts and opinions, vary from culture to culture等）构建学习支架。 知识链路按“重要性-文化差异-共通性-多功能”逻辑清晰呈现，重点词汇标注（★）强化语言能力培养，丰富文化案例（如中东、日本等国习俗）提升文化意识，通过分析比较不同文化身势语差异发展思维品质，形成“语言学习-文化理解-跨文化沟通”的学科特色学习路径。

新人教选择性必修B1U4 Unit 4 | Reading and Thinking LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK倾听身体的诉说 We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings. 在与他人交流时，我们既使用言语也通过身势语来表达我们的想法和观点。通过观察别人的身势语，我们可以了解很多他们的想法。言语固然重要，但是人们站立、握紧手臂、移动双手的方式也能帮助我们了解他们的情绪。 · express sb’s thoughts and opinions 表达某人的思想和观点 the interaction with /between 与…… 的交往 / 交流 Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 就像口头语言一样，身势语因文化而异。关键是使用身势语的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。例如，在有些国家，眼神交流——看着别人的眼睛——是表现兴趣的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，男女不允许在社交场合进行眼神交流。在日本，和年长的人讲话时，目光向下以表示尊敬。 · spoken /oral language 口语 vary /differ from sth to sth 某物与某物彼此相异 be appropriate to 对…… 合适的 / 恰当的 · eye contact 对视；目光接触 by contrast ★ 相比之下 · approve of ★ 认同 / 赞同…… permit /allow sb to do sth ★ 允许某人做某事 The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. “OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。在日本，如果看到另一个人用这个手势，可能认为这意味着钱。在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。但是在巴西和德国，你应该避免使用这个手势，因为它被认为是不礼貌的。 · interpret sth as 把某事物理解 / 解释为…… avoid doing sth ★ 避免做某事 Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means“yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 甚至我们用来表示“是”与“不是”的手势，在世界各地也不同。在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这两种手势的含义是相反的。差异还表现在我们彼此接触的方式，我们与谈话对象的距离，以及我们见面或告别时的行为。在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们和朋友见面时可能会亲吻他们的脸颊。在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或者点头。 · shake /nod one’s head 摇 / 点头 by comparison ★ （与……）相比较 kiss sb on the cheek 亲吻脸颊 favor (sb) doing sth 喜欢（某人）做某事 Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal. 有些手势似乎在每个地方都有相同的含义。双手并拢放在头的一侧，同时闭上眼睛表示“睡觉”。用餐后轻轻用手在胃部转圈表示“我饱了”。 · in circles 一圈一圈地 Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 有些身势语有许多不同的用途。最好的例子也许是微笑。微笑可以帮助我们度过难关，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破障碍。我们可以用微笑来道歉，跟某人打招呼，寻求帮助或者开始对话。专家建议对着镜子微笑来让自己更快乐、更坚强。而且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。 · get through 渡过；熬过；用完 break down ★ 消除；分解；打破 suggest doing sth ★ 建议 / 提议做某事 smile at 对…… 微笑 feel down 感到沮丧；情绪低落 nothing better 没有更好的；莫过于 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $