Units1-2语法(一般现在时)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语讲义通过分类梳理与框架呈现构建一般现在时知识体系，将用法分为经常性动作、客观真理等四类，按be动词和实义动词两大句型系统讲解肯定、否定、疑问及特殊疑问句结构，用表格归纳三单变形规则，突出三单变形、否定疑问动词还原等重难点。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与易错点精准突破，如用所给单词适当形式填空强调“三单与还原”，句型转换巩固句型结构，培养语言理解与表达能力及分析比较的思维品质。答案解析详细，方法指导明确，助力基础薄弱学生掌握规则，优秀学生深化理解，为教师提供精准教学支持。

Units1-2一般现在时讲解与练习 一、一般现在时用法详细讲解 用法 1：表示经常性、习惯性动作（最常考） 标志词： *频度副词:always/often/usually/sometimes/seldom/never *every+时间名词: every day;every morning *固定重复的周期时间:on Sundays;on weekends; on school days 1.I brush my teeth every morning. 我每天早上刷牙。（日常习惯） 2.My father drinks tea after dinner every day. 我爸爸每天晚饭后喝茶。 3.They play basketball on weekends. 他们周末打篮球。 4.She usually walks to school. 她通常走路去上学。 5.We sometimes watch movies together. 我们有时候一起看电影。 6.He always gets up at six thirty. 他总是六点半起床。 用法 2：表示客观事实、客观真理、常识 不受时间限制，永远用一般现在时 1.The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 2.Water boils at 100 degrees. 水在 100 摄氏度沸腾。 3.Birds fly in the sky. 鸟儿在天上飞。 4.Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 5.A cat likes fish. 猫喜欢吃鱼。 用法 3：表示人长期的爱好、性格、状态 1.I love reading storybooks. 我喜欢读故事书。 2.My little sister likes drawing pictures. 我妹妹喜欢画画。 3.He hates getting up early. 他讨厌早起。 4.They are good at English. 他们擅长英语。 用法 4：时刻表、固定安排（公交、火车、课程表） 1.The class starts at 8:00 a.m. 早上八点开始上课。 2.The bus leaves at five every afternoon. 公交车每天下午五点发车。 二、第一大类：含 be 动词 am /is/are（全套句型例句） 1. 肯定句结构:主语+ am/is/are +名词/形容词/地点 ① 主语 I → am I am a Grade Seven student. 我是一名七年级学生。 I am very happy today. 我今天很开心。 I am in the classroom. 我在教室里。 ② 主语he /she/it/单数人名/单数名词 → is He is my best friend. 他是我最好的朋友。 She is a music teacher. 她是一名音乐老师。 It is a cute dog. 它是一只可爱的小狗。 Tom is ten years old. 汤姆十岁。 The book is on the desk. 这本书在桌子上。 ③ 主语 you /we/they/复数名词 → are You are very clever. 翻译：你很聪明。 We are from China. 翻译：我们来自中国。 They are my classmates. 翻译：他们是我的同班同学。 These apples are red. 翻译：这些苹果是红色的。 2. be 动词否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not 缩写：isn’t = is not；aren’t = are not；am not无缩写 I am not late for school. 我上学不迟到。 He isn’t short. He is tall. 他不矮，他很高。 My mother isn’t at home now. 我妈妈现在不在家。 They aren’t in the library. 他们不在图书馆。 The pens aren’t black. 这些钢笔不是黑色的。 3. be 动词一般疑问句：Be 动词放句首 结构：Am/Is/Are +主语+其他？ 回答：Yes, 主语+ be. / No, 主语+ be not. —Are you a student? —Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 你是学生吗？是的。/不是。 —Is she your aunt? —Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 她是你的姑姑吗？是。/不是。 —Is the cat white? —Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 这只猫是白色的吗？是。/不是。 —Are they your friends? —Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. 他们是你的朋友吗？是。/ 不是。 4. be 动词特殊疑问句（疑问词 +一般疑问语序） Where are you from? 你来自哪里？ What is your name? 你叫什么名字？ How old is your brother? 你弟弟几岁？ Who is that girl? 那个女孩是谁？ 三、第二大类：实义动词（like/play/go/have/watch 等）全套例句 重点：第三人称单数（三单）主语动词要变形； does/doesn’t 后动词变回原形 1. 肯定句 （1）主语非三单：I /you/we /they +动词原形 I get up at seven every day. 我每天七点起床。 You play volleyball well. 你排球打得很好。 We have six classes every day. 我们每天上六节课。 They walk home after school. 他们放学后走路回家。 （2）主语三单：he/she/it/ 单数人名/单数名词+动词三单 变形规则： *一般直接+ s：play→plays *s/x/ch/sh/o结尾+ es：watch→watches；go→goes *辅音+ y结尾变y为 i+es：study→studies *特殊不规则：have→has go→goes 2. 否定句：don’t /doesn’t +动词原形 ① 非三单用 don’t I don’t like carrots. 我不喜欢胡萝卜。 You don’t know this boy. 你不认识这个男孩。 We don’t go shopping on school days. 上学日我们不去购物。 They don’t play computer games. 他们不玩电脑游戏。 ② 三单用 doesn’t，后面动词必须还原！ She doesn’t get up early on Sundays. 她周日不早起。（gets→get） My father doesn’t watch TV at night. 我爸爸晚上不看电视。（watches→watch） Tom doesn’t have a new bag. 汤姆没有新书包。（has→have） The bird doesn’t fly at night. 鸟儿夜晚不飞翔。 3. 一般疑问句：Do / Does 放句首，动词用原形 ① 非三单：Do +主语 +动词原形 —Do you eat eggs every morning? —Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. —Do they speak Chinese? —Yes, they do. / No, they don’t. ② 三单：Does + 主语 + 动词原形 —Does your mother work in a hospital? —Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. —Does the dog like meat? —Yes, it does. / No, it doesn’t. —Does Mike go to the park every weekend? —Yes, he does. 4. 实义动词特殊疑问句 结构：疑问词+ Do/Does +主语+动词原形？ What do you do after school? 你放学后做什么？ Where does your sister live? 你姐姐住在哪里？ When do they have math class? 他们什么时候上数学课？ How does your father go to work? 你爸爸怎么去上班？ 四、易混对比例句（考试易错） 1.区分 be 动词和实义动词，不能混用 ❌ He is like music. ✅ He likes music. 他喜欢音乐。 2. does 后面动词必须原形 ❌ Does she plays basketball? ✅ Does she play basketball? 她打篮球吗？ 3.客观真理永远用一般现在时 The teacher says the moon goes around the earth. 老师说月亮绕着地球转。 4.实义动词三单只出现在肯定陈述句 She has a pencil.（肯定，三单 has） Does she have a pencil?（疑问，还原 have） She doesn’t have a pencil.（否定，还原 have） 【巩固练习】 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 解题核心：看准主语是否三单、否定疑问动词还原、客观真理用三单 1. My father often ________ (watch) TV after dinner. 2. The earth ________ (go) around the sun. 3. I ________ (not like) eating bananas. 4. She ________ (study) English very hard every day. 5. Tom never ________ (play) computer games on school days. 6. We usually ________ (have) six classes every weekday. 7. Does your mother ________ (walk) to work every morning? 8. The cat ________ (like) sleeping in the sun. 9. They ________ (not go) to the park on rainy days. 10. My brother ________ (have) a new basketball. 11. Water ________ (boil) at 100℃. 12. Sometimes Lucy ________ (fly) a kite in the park. 13. Do you often ________ (help) your mother with housework? 14. He ________ (not do) his homework in the evening. 15. Every student ________ (need) to finish homework on time. 16. My sister ________ (wash) her clothes every weekend. 17. Birds ________ (fly) to the south in winter. 18. Doesn’t he ________ (know) the answer? 19. The train ________ (leave) at 7 o’clock every morning. 20. We ________ (be) all good students in our class. 21. This kind of animal ________ (eat) grass. 22. She ________ (not be) late for school. 23. Mike and his brother ________ (play) soccer after school. 24. Who ________ (sing) songs very well in your class? 25. My grandma ________ (tell) me stories every night. 26. You ________ (look) very happy today. 27. The teacher always ________ (teach) us carefully. 28. They seldom ________ (eat) fast food. 29. Nothing ________ (be) difficult if you try your best. 30. Does it often ________ (rain) in summer here? 二、单项选择 易错专攻：be动词/助动词混用、三单变形、动词还原、时态辨析 1. My uncle often ______ to work by subway. A. go B. goes C. going D. is go 2. —______ you like playing tennis? —Yes, I ______. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Are; am D. Is; is 3. The sun ______ in the east every day. A. rise B. rises C. rising D. rose 4. She ______ like math because it is difficult. A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. not 5. Does your father ______ TV every evening? A. watch B. watches C. watching D. to watch 6. Tom and Jack ______ good friends. A. is B. are C. am D. be 7. My sister ______ English every morning. A. study B. studies C. studying D. studied 8. —Is your mother at home? —No, she ______ shopping. A. often go B. often goes C. go often D. goes often 9. ______ your brother usually get up at 6:30? A. Do B. Does C. Is D. Are 10. Cats ______ fish very much. A. likes B. like C. is like D. are like 11. He ______ play basketball on weekdays. A. don’t B. doesn’t C. isn’t D. not 12. There ______ some water in the cup every day. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. Who ______ the best in your class? A. sing B. sings C. singing D. sang 14. We ______ late for school. A. aren’t never B. never are C. are never D. never 15. Does the little girl ______ dancing? A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like 16. My family ______ a big dinner every Sunday. A. have B. has C. is D. are 17. —______ is your birthday? —It’s in October. A. What B. When C. Where D. How 18. He ______ his homework before dinner every day. A. do B. does C. is D. are 19. They ______ go out on school nights. A. not B. don’t C. doesn’t D. aren’t 20. The book ______ very interesting. I like it. A. is B. are C. am D. be 三、句型转换 1. He plays soccer every afternoon.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ soccer every afternoon. 2. They are in the classroom.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —______ ______ in the classroom? —Yes, ______ ______. 3. My mother watches TV at night.（改为一般疑问句） ______ your mother ______ TV at night? 4. I get up at six every morning.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ up at six every morning. 5. The earth goes around the sun.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the earth ______ around the sun? 6. She likes playing volleyball.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she like ______? 7. Tom is late for school.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ late for school. 8. We have lunch at school.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ lunch? 9. His father works in a hospital.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ his father ______? 10. Lucy studies English hard.（改为否定句） Lucy ______ ______ English hard. 11. They often help old people.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they often ______ old people? 12. He is very happy.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ he? 13. The train leaves at 8:00.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the train ______? 14. I am good at swimming.（改为否定句） I ______ ______ good at swimming. 15. She has a new pen.（改为一般疑问句并否定回答） —______ she ______ a new pen? —No, ______ ______. 四、汉译英翻译 1. 我的爷爷每天晚饭后散步。_____________________________________ 2. 月亮绕着地球转动。_____________________________________ 3. 我妹妹不喜欢吃蔬菜。_____________________________________ 4. 你爸爸通常怎么去上班？_____________________________________ 5. 他们周末从不玩电脑游戏。_____________________________________ 6. 每个学生都每天认真做作业。_____________________________________ 7. 这辆公交车每天早上七点发车。_____________________________________ 8. 她擅长英语，而且她每天学习英语。_____________________________________ 9. 你经常帮助你的父母做家务吗？_____________________________________ 10. 冬天鸟儿很少飞到北方。_____________________________________ Keys 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1. watches 2. goes 3. don’t like 4. studies 5. plays 6. have 7. walk 8. likes 9. don’t go 10. has 11. boils 12. flies 13. help 14. doesn’t do 15. needs 16. washes 17. fly 18. know 19. leaves 20. are 21. eats 22. isn’t 23. play 24. sings 25. tells 26. look 27. teaches 28. eat 29. is 30. rain 二、单项选择 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.B 19.B 20.A 三、句型转换 1. doesn’t play 2. Are they; they are 3. Does; watch 4. don’t get 5. Does; go 6. What does; doing 7. is not 8. Where do; have 9. Where does; work 10. doesn’t study 11. Do; help 12. How is 13. When does; leave 14. am not 15. Does; have; she doesn’t 四、汉译英参考 1. My grandpa takes a walk after dinner every day. 2. The moon goes around the earth. 3. My sister doesn’t like eating vegetables. 4. How does your father usually go to work? 5. They never play computer games on weekends. 6. Every student does his/her homework carefully every day. 7. This bus leaves at seven every morning. 8. She is good at English and she studies English every day. 9. Do you often help your parents do housework? 10. Birds seldom fly to the north in winter. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $