衔接点23 高中题型语法填空之无提示词考点剖析（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

衔接点23 语法填空两大考向透视之无提示词 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 （注：上海中考暂无该题型；以外地为参考） 短文篇幅短，多小故事、简单日常说明文；句式以简单句、基础复合句为主，生词少，文意浅显易懂。 考点上 1. 纯基础语法：时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、人称代词、介词、冠词、基础连词； 2. 给出提示词多直接变形，无复杂变形规则；无提示空只考固定搭配介词 /and/but 等基础连接词； 3. 不涉及复杂非谓语、复合从句、特殊句式。 命题与答题要求 考点单一孤立，一句话基本只考一个语法点；上下文逻辑关联弱，单句就能推出答案；陷阱少，熟记基础规则即可拿分 文本上 语篇篇幅更长，科普、议论文、人物传记居多；大量长难复合句、嵌套从句，抽象词汇、熟词生义较多，语篇逻辑紧密。 考点上 1. 提示词：非谓语动词、各类时态语态、形容词副词比较级、词性转换（名 / 动 / 形互变）、不规则变形； 2. 无提示词：定语从句关系词、名词性从句引导词、状语从句及并列句连词、限定词；情态动词、特殊句式； 3. 兼顾句子语法 + 段落逻辑，兼顾固定搭配与句式结构分析。 命题与答题要求 考点综合化；不能只看单句，要结合全篇时态、上下文逻辑判断；谓语与非谓语区分、各类从句引导词混用，对句子拆解能力要求高。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 定位：基础语法 + 简单语篇，重识记、轻逻辑 · 题型形式 1. 中考题型：语法单选；明年新题型试点短文语法选择填空（10 空），语篇短、句子简单。 2. 篇幅：约100–150 词，记叙文 / 简单说明文为主。 · 考查范围（浅而窄） 1. 动词：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来、现在进行；三单、过去式、过去分词；基础非谓语（to do/doing）。 1. 词形：名词单复数、-er/-or、-ful/-less、-ly、基数词→序数词等最基础派生。 1. 虚词：a/an/the、in/on/at、and/but/or、人称 / 物主代词。 1. 从句：仅限最简单宾语从句（that/if/whether），几乎不考定语 / 状语从句。 · 能力要求 1. 看懂句子即可，上下文逻辑要求低。 1. 答案固定、规则直白，重 “记搭配、记规则”。 1. 不要求分析长难句，不考复杂句式（倒装、强调、虚拟）。 一句话：上海初中 = 单句基础变形 + 超简单语篇，识记为主。 语法选择填空题（2027上海中考新题型） 掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Mike Robinson is a 1 American boy and his sister Clare is fourteen. At the moment, Mike and Clare are in Cairo in Egypt, one of 2 and busiest cities in Africa. They 3 here with their parents two years ago. Their father, Peter, works for a very big company. The company has offices in many countries, and it has sent Peter to work in Germany, France and China before. Peter usually stays in a country 4 about two years. Then the company moves him again. His family always goes with him. The Robinsons love seeing the world. They 5 many interesting places. For example, in Egypt, they have seen the Pyramids, travelled on a boat on the Nile River, and visited the palaces and towers of ancient kings and queens. Mike and Clare have also begun 6 the language of the country, Arabic. This language is different from English in many ways, and they find 7 hard to spell and pronounce the words. However, they still enjoy learning it. So far they 8 to speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic. Sometimes they mix the languages. “It’s really fun,” said Clare. The Robinsons are moving again. 9 company has asked Peter to work back in the US. Mike and Clare are happy about this. They have friends all over the world, 10 they also miss their friends in the US. They are counting down the days. 1．A．15 year old B．15-years old C．15-year-old D．15-years-old 2．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 3．A．move B．moved C．will move D．have moved 4．A．for B．in C．at D．during 5．A．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in D．went to 6．A．learn B．to learning C．to learn D．learned 7．A．it B．its C．this D．that 8．A．learned B．will learn C．are learning D．have learnt 9．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 10．A．and B．but C．so D．or 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中语法填空主要考查有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示 词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词形词性转化等；无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 定位：语篇综合运用，重语境、逻辑、长难句 · 题型形式 1. 高考固定：一篇短文语法填空（10 空 / 10 分），有提示词（4–5）+ 无提示词（5–6）。 2. 篇幅：150–250 词，题材广（科技、文化、社会、议论文），句式复杂。 · 考查范围（深而全） 1. 动词（核心）：10 大时态 + 语态（含完成 / 进行 / 完成进行）；主谓一致；非谓语（to do/doing/done 复合结构）；虚拟语气、情态动词。 1. 从句：** 定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句（who/what/that/whether 等）** 全覆盖。 1. 虚词：冠词、介词、连词、代词结合语境逻辑（不再只考固定搭配）。 1. 词形：深度派生（-ity/-al/-ive/-ize 等）、一词多性、熟词生义。 1. 特殊句式：倒装、强调、省略、分隔结构常出现。 · 能力要求 1. 必须通读全文，抓主旨、逻辑、时态呼应，语法 + 语义 + 语用三位一体。 1. 会拆分长难句，识别从句、非谓语、特殊结构。 1. 陷阱多：时态混淆、主谓一致陷阱、非谓语与谓语区分、虚词逻辑辨析。 一句话：上海高中 = 语篇驱动 + 全语法覆盖 + 长难句 + 语境逻辑，活用为主。 考点清单 语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 小试牛刀： 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 4．I will keep (they) company while they are in trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．In order to better adapt (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 7．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 8．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 9．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 10．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 小试牛刀： 1．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 2．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 3．In order she could catch the first bus, she got up very early. (用适当的词填空) 4．The mountains look so grand all visitors are deeply impressed. (用适当的词填空) 5． you submit your research proposal by Friday, you will not be able to apply for the grant this semester. （用适当的词填空） 6．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 7．The old man still paints he did when he was young — with great patience and passion. (用适当的词填空) 8．The study found that the louder the music, the (bad) the performance in concentration. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．The (careful) you are in the exam, the fewer mistakes you will make. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 11．It’s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do what you want to do. (用适当的词填空) 12．She wanted to go to the concert, she had to work overtime. (用适当的词填空) 13．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 14．If you like maths you could be an accountant; you could be a maths teacher. (用适当的词填空) 15．It turned out to be a lovely day, we decided to go out for a walk. (用适当的词填空) 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 17．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 单句语法填空（无提示词） 一、冠词 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 二、介词 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 三、代词 1．Helen is the kind of worker who always pulls (she) weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．When doing scientific experiments, the students absorbed (they) in observing the changes carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空填空) 3．You should apply (you) to your study whole-heartedly.（所给词的适当形式填空） 4．He fancies (he) a good singer, but he needs more practice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Every festival has (it) different customs and unique charms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 四、情态动词 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 五、从属连词 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 六、并列连词 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 一、语篇填空（构词法知识专练） Taking part in school volunteer activities helps teenagers grow into responsible young people. 1.________ is widely acknowledged that service to others can teach us valuable life lessons, 2.________ few textbooks are able to deliver to us directly. Last Saturday our class went to a nursing home 3.________ many elderly people live peacefully. I asked myself 4.________ I could bring warmth to the seniors through simple talks and performances. This is 5.________ I prepared soft songs and hand-made cards days ahead of the activity. We would stay there until sunset 6.________ all the elders felt relaxed and happy. 7.________ busy our school schedule is, we will spare time to visit them regularly. Every volunteer 8.________ treat the elderly with patience and respect. The small activity room 9.________ we put on shows was filled with laughter all afternoon. Before leaving, one grandma gave me 10.________ handmade paper flower as a small gift, which I will keep forever. 二、阅读理解 Whether you’re up for a Crocodile Dundee’s adventure or you’d just like a taste of the Australian sun, the beaches in and around Sydney can offer you all that and more. Sydney Beach Sydney Beach is located at Sydney’s northernmost tip on an extension of land ending at Palm Beach. Before checking out the golden sand, take a quick tour of the houses of the millionaires from the art and film industries. Palm Beach Only about an hour from downtown Sydney, Palm Beach offers a long stretch of clean sand and water. With parking near the center of the beach, the rest of it is left as a peaceful location with a sparse population, from which you can go surfing. But be careful: without the huge crowds of other Sydney beaches, Palm Beach doesn’t afford quite the safety level to be found elsewhere; volunteer lifesavers are on duty only on weekends and holidays. Bondi Beach For the big-name beach, Bondi Beach has to be your choice. Parking is difficult to find even on slow days, so consider taking public transport to this world-known beach in the castern Sydney suburbs. Easily reachable by taxi, bus, and rail, Bondi Beach offers sun bathing, swimming, snorkeling, and all sorts of water sports fun. If you’re in the mood for a bit of exercise, two scenic coastal walks will afford you great views and sights along the shore. Take in views from Mackenzie’s Point. It starts at Bondi and heads south to Bronte Beach. But don’t try to swim in Mackenzie’s Bay — it holds dangers such as hidden rocks. Bronte Beach Your second choice for a scenic coastal walk covers a little under two miles and takes you from Bronte Beach to Waverly Cemetery, where many famous Australians are buried, including poets Henry Kendall, Doreothea Mackellar, and Henry Lawson. 9．Which of the following shows the right order of the beaches lined from the south to the north? A．Palm Beach — Sydney Beach — Bronte Beach — Bondi Beach B．Bronte Beach — Bondi Beach — Palm Beach — Sydney Beach C．Sydney Beach — Palm Beach — Bondi Beach — Bronte Beach D．Bondi Beach — Bronte Beach — Palm Beach — Sydney Beach 10．The underlined word “sparse” probably means ______. A．large B．thick C．thin D．crowded 11．What can we learn from the passage? A．If you want to visit Palm Beach, the airplane is your best choice. B．If you want to enjoy a walk, you can choose Bondi Beach or Bronte Beach. C．If you want to visit the famous people’s tombs, you can choose Sydney Beach. D．If you want to swim in Palm Beach, the safer time is on weekdays and holidays. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点23 语法填空两大考向透视之无提示词 初中视角 高中展望 文本上 （注：上海中考暂无该题型；以外地为参考） 短文篇幅短，多小故事、简单日常说明文；句式以简单句、基础复合句为主，生词少，文意浅显易懂。 考点上 1. 纯基础语法：时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、人称代词、介词、冠词、基础连词； 2. 给出提示词多直接变形，无复杂变形规则；无提示空只考固定搭配介词 /and/but 等基础连接词； 3. 不涉及复杂非谓语、复合从句、特殊句式。 命题与答题要求 考点单一孤立，一句话基本只考一个语法点；上下文逻辑关联弱，单句就能推出答案；陷阱少，熟记基础规则即可拿分 文本上 语篇篇幅更长，科普、议论文、人物传记居多；大量长难复合句、嵌套从句，抽象词汇、熟词生义较多，语篇逻辑紧密。 考点上 1. 提示词：非谓语动词、各类时态语态、形容词副词比较级、词性转换（名 / 动 / 形互变）、不规则变形； 2. 无提示词：定语从句关系词、名词性从句引导词、状语从句及并列句连词、限定词；情态动词、特殊句式； 3. 兼顾句子语法 + 段落逻辑，兼顾固定搭配与句式结构分析。 命题与答题要求 考点综合化；不能只看单句，要结合全篇时态、上下文逻辑判断；谓语与非谓语区分、各类从句引导词混用，对句子拆解能力要求高。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 定位：基础语法 + 简单语篇，重识记、轻逻辑 · 题型形式 1. 中考题型：语法单选；明年新题型试点短文语法选择填空（10 空），语篇短、句子简单。 2. 篇幅：约100–150 词，记叙文 / 简单说明文为主。 · 考查范围（浅而窄） 1. 动词：一般现在 / 过去 / 将来、现在进行；三单、过去式、过去分词；基础非谓语（to do/doing）。 1. 词形：名词单复数、-er/-or、-ful/-less、-ly、基数词→序数词等最基础派生。 1. 虚词：a/an/the、in/on/at、and/but/or、人称 / 物主代词。 1. 从句：仅限最简单宾语从句（that/if/whether），几乎不考定语 / 状语从句。 · 能力要求 1. 看懂句子即可，上下文逻辑要求低。 1. 答案固定、规则直白，重 “记搭配、记规则”。 1. 不要求分析长难句，不考复杂句式（倒装、强调、虚拟）。 一句话：上海初中 = 单句基础变形 + 超简单语篇，识记为主。 语法选择填空题（2027上海中考新题型） 掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Mike Robinson is a 1 American boy and his sister Clare is fourteen. At the moment, Mike and Clare are in Cairo in Egypt, one of 2 and busiest cities in Africa. They 3 here with their parents two years ago. Their father, Peter, works for a very big company. The company has offices in many countries, and it has sent Peter to work in Germany, France and China before. Peter usually stays in a country 4 about two years. Then the company moves him again. His family always goes with him. The Robinsons love seeing the world. They 5 many interesting places. For example, in Egypt, they have seen the Pyramids, travelled on a boat on the Nile River, and visited the palaces and towers of ancient kings and queens. Mike and Clare have also begun 6 the language of the country, Arabic. This language is different from English in many ways, and they find 7 hard to spell and pronounce the words. However, they still enjoy learning it. So far they 8 to speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic. Sometimes they mix the languages. “It’s really fun,” said Clare. The Robinsons are moving again. 9 company has asked Peter to work back in the US. Mike and Clare are happy about this. They have friends all over the world, 10 they also miss their friends in the US. They are counting down the days. 1．A．15 year old B．15-years old C．15-year-old D．15-years-old 2．A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 3．A．move B．moved C．will move D．have moved 4．A．for B．in C．at D．during 5．A．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in D．went to 6．A．learn B．to learning C．to learn D．learned 7．A．it B．its C．this D．that 8．A．learned B．will learn C．are learning D．have learnt 9．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 10．A．and B．but C．so D．or 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述罗伯逊一家因为爸爸彼得的公司在很多国家，所以他们不得不随彼得到处搬迁，但他们很喜欢这种生活。尤其是迈克和克莱尔兄妹俩他们不但学会很多种语言而且交了很多朋友。 1．句意：迈克·罗宾逊是一个15岁的美国男孩，他的妹妹克莱尔14岁。 15 year old表达有误；15-years old表达有误；15-year-old十五岁的；15-years-old表达有误。空格后为“American boy”，故应用15-year-old作定语，修饰“American boy”。故选C。 2．句意：目前，迈克和克莱尔正在埃及的开罗，埃及是非洲最大、最繁忙的城市之一。 big大的，形容词原级；bigger更大的，形容词比较级；biggest最大的，形容词最高级；the biggest最大的，形容词最高级。空格前为“one of”，即“one of + the +形容词最高级+名词复数”结构。故选D。 3．句意：他们两年前和父母一起搬到这里。 move移动，动词原形；moved移动，过去式或过去分词；will move移动，一般将来时；have moved移动，现在完成时。空格后为“two years ago”，故句子应用一般过去时，故动词move应用过去式。故选B。 4．句意：彼得通常在一个国家呆两年左右。 for为了；in在……里；at在（某处）；during在……期间。根据下文“Then the company moves him again”可知，彼得通常在一个国家呆两年左右，for后接一段时间，故选A。 5．句意：他们去过许多有趣的地方。 have gone to已经去了某地，人还没回来；have been to曾经去过某地，人已经回来了；have been in一直在某地，常与表示时间段的状语连用；went to去，一般过去时。根据下文“For example, in Egypt, they have seen the Pyramids, travelled on a boat on the Nile River, and visited the palaces and towers of ancient kings and queens”可知，此处是指他们去过了许多地方，故选B。 6．句意：迈克和克莱尔也开始学习该国的阿拉伯语。 learn学习，动词原形；to learning学习，“介词+动名词”结构；to learn学习，动词不定式；learned学习，过去式或过去分词。begin to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“开始要做某事”，符合句意，故选C。 7．句意：这种语言在许多方面与英语不同，他们发现这些单词很难拼写和发音。 it它；its它的；this这个；that那个。根据“they find...hard to spell and pronounce the words.”可知，空格处应用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。故选A。 8．句意：到目前为止，他们已经学会说德语、法语、汉语和阿拉伯语。 learned学习，过去式或过去分词；will learn学习，一般将来时；are learning学习，现在进行时；have learnt学习，现在完成时。根据句中“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，故选D。 9．句意：该公司已要求彼得回到美国工作。 A不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；An不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；The定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据上文“The company has offices in many countries … Then the company moves him again”可知，此处特指彼得工作的公司，表示特指，故选C。 10．句意：他们在世界各地都有朋友，但他们也想念他们在美国的朋友。 and和；but但是；so因此；or或者。根据前后句意可知，此处存在转折关系，故应用表转折的并列连词but，意为“但是”，符合句意，故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 高中语法填空主要考查有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示 词(5~6 个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词形词性转化等；无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等; 且每空只能填一个单词。 定位：语篇综合运用，重语境、逻辑、长难句 · 题型形式 1. 高考固定：一篇短文语法填空（10 空 / 10 分），有提示词（4–5）+ 无提示词（5–6）。 2. 篇幅：150–250 词，题材广（科技、文化、社会、议论文），句式复杂。 · 考查范围（深而全） 1. 动词（核心）：10 大时态 + 语态（含完成 / 进行 / 完成进行）；主谓一致；非谓语（to do/doing/done 复合结构）；虚拟语气、情态动词。 1. 从句：** 定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句（who/what/that/whether 等）** 全覆盖。 1. 虚词：冠词、介词、连词、代词结合语境逻辑（不再只考固定搭配）。 1. 词形：深度派生（-ity/-al/-ive/-ize 等）、一词多性、熟词生义。 1. 特殊句式：倒装、强调、省略、分隔结构常出现。 · 能力要求 1. 必须通读全文，抓主旨、逻辑、时态呼应，语法 + 语义 + 语用三位一体。 1. 会拆分长难句，识别从句、非谓语、特殊结构。 1. 陷阱多：时态混淆、主谓一致陷阱、非谓语与谓语区分、虚词逻辑辨析。 一句话：上海高中 = 语篇驱动 + 全语法覆盖 + 长难句 + 语境逻辑，活用为主。 考点清单 语法填空之无提示词 1）冠词 表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。 2）介词 句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 常用介词：in, on, at, to, from, of, off, under, above, below, over, across, through, beyond, behind, beside, between, among, near, up, down, along, around, before, after, since, for, against, besides, except, by, with, without, about, as, like, during, into, throughout, until, within, toward, past, despite, regardless of, in spite of, because of, due to, owing to, thanks to, except for, apart from, other than, such as, according to, instead of, rather than, as well as, in addition to, … 3）代词 当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等) 主要考察：人称代词we, you, her, it, they等；物主代词my, their, yours, hers等；反身代词himself, themselves等；指示代词this, these, that, those;不定代词 everything, something, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, both, either, neither, all, none, each, others, the other, another, the others, one, the one(s). 4）情态动词和助动词 若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 小试牛刀： 1．It is very important for students to concentrate schoolwork. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：对学生来说，集中精力于学业非常重要。分析句子可知，这里考查concentrate on sth.，为固定搭配，表示“集中注意力于……”。故填on。 2．“Watch out!” Leigh seized me by arm and dragged me out of the way of the rushing car.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】the 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：“小心！”利抓住我的胳膊，把我从疾驰而来的汽车面前拖了出来。“seize sb. by the + 身体部位”是固定搭配，表示“抓住某人的某个身体部位”。类似的表达还有“hit sb. on the head”（打某人的头）、“pull sb. by the hand”（拉某人的手）等。所以这里用“the”。故填the。 3．Battle of Chosin Reservoir made deep impression on me. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：长津湖战役给我留下了深刻的印象。短语make a deep impression on表示“留下深刻印象”。故填a。 4．I will keep (they) company while they are in trouble. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】them 【详解】考查代词。句意：他们有困难时，我会陪伴他们。keep后接宾格them作宾语，keep sb company“陪伴某人”。故填them。 5．In order to better adapt (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ourselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了更好地使自己适应新环境，我们必须准备好并愿意学习新技能。adapt oneself to...是固定短语，意为“使自己适应……”。空处应用反身代词ourselves作动词adapt的宾语，表示动作的执行者和承受者是同一人。故填ourselves。 6．I am writing to apply the job as a lawyer in your company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我写信是为了申请贵公司律师一职。根据语境，这里表达申请公司的律师工作，“apply for”是固定短语，意为“申请”，符合句意。故填for。 7．In brief, I am scared letting off fireworks. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：简而言之，我害怕放烟花。“be scared of”是固定短语，意为“害怕……”。故填of。 8．The medicine be on the way to be tested, but I’m not sure. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】may/might 【详解】句意：这种药可能正在被送去测试，但我不确定。根据句意可知，此处表示“推测”，且根据后文“I’m not sure”，此处表示不太确定的推测，故应用情态动词may/might“可能”。 9．I love the weekend, because I get up early to go to school. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】needn’t 【详解】句意：我喜欢周末，因为我不必早起去上学了。表示“不必”用情态动词needn’t。 10．He is a bad­tempered man, but he be quite kind and patient sometimes. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】can 【详解】句意：他是个脾气暴躁的人，但有时也会很友善、很有耐心。根据“sometimes”可知，此处表示客观上的可能性，即“有时确实会/有时会”，can可以用于肯定句中表示理论上的可能性或偶然发生的情况。 5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词 三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。 强调句：It is...that... 定语从句: 关代：that, which, who, whom, whose, as; 关副：when, where, why 名词性从句: 从属连词：that, if/whether, because, as if; 关代：what, who, whom, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever; 关副：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 状语从句: 时间when, while, as, before, after, every/each time, as soon as, the moment/minute, hardly…when, no sooner…than, since, once, until； 地点where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, now that； 目的in order that, so that, in case, for fear that； 结果so that, so/such…that； 比较than, as…as, the more…the more…； 让步although, though, even if/though, while, as, no matter what/ who/when…, whatever…., whether…or； 方式as, as if/though； 条件if, unless, as long as… 6）并列连词 若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。 并列连词：and, but, or, so, for, yet, then, however, therefore, while, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but 小试牛刀： 1．I was about to give up the match my best friend encouraged me to go on. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】句意：我正要放弃比赛，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续坚持下去。固定句型be about to do sth. when...意为“正要做某事，就在这时……”，空处需填when。 2．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：会议被推迟了，因为几个关键成员遇到了意外的日程冲突。several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts是会议推迟的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，说明事情发生的缘由。故填because。 3．In order she could catch the first bus, she got up very early. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句 。句意：为了能赶上第一班公交车，她起得很早。引导目的状语从句，表示“为了”用in order that。故填that。 4．The mountains look so grand all visitors are deeply impressed. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】句意：群山看上去如此雄伟，所有游客都留下了深刻印象。so...that...“如此……以至于……”是固定句型，引导结果状语从句。 5． you submit your research proposal by Friday, you will not be able to apply for the grant this semester. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】Unless 【详解】考查连词。句意：除非你在周五前提交研究计划书，否则本学期你将无法申请这笔资助。分析句子可知，设空处应填连词引导条件状语从句，再结合句意“除非”是unless，句首单词首字母大写。故填Unless。 6．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though/although 【详解】句意：她警告她的父母有危险，虽然起初他们以为她只是在开玩笑。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”用though或although。 7．The old man still paints he did when he was young — with great patience and passion. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：这位老人仍然像年轻时那样画画——带着极大的耐心和热情。根据句意可知，此处应用as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，像……一样”。故填as。 8．The study found that the louder the music, the (bad) the performance in concentration. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】worse 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：研究发现，音乐声音越大，注意力表现就越差。分析句子结构可知，这里考查“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”，表示“越……，越……”，bad的比较级为worse，符合语境。故填worse。 9．The (careful) you are in the exam, the fewer mistakes you will make. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】more careful 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：你在考试中越细心，犯的错误就越少。空格处构成固定句式“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”，意为“越……，就越……”，careful是多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more careful，在句中作表语，故填more careful。 10．The school which we paid a visit to last week was built there had been a theater. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们上周参观的那所学校建在曾经有一座剧院的地方。空处引导地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，结合句意，用连接词where引导该从句，表“在……的地方”，符合语法规则和语境。故填where。 11．It’s kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do what you want to do. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】and 【详解】句意：在必须做的事情和想要做的事情之间找到平衡有点困难。句中between...and...，为固定短语，意为“在……和……之间”，前后由what引导的从句构成并列。 12．She wanted to go to the concert, she had to work overtime. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【详解】句意：她想去听音乐会，但是她不得不加班。前后分句为转折关系，应填but。 13．Do you want to take them to the zoo, would it be wiser to go to the park? （用适当的词填空） 【答案】or 【详解】句意：你想带他们去动物园，还是去公园更明智些？这是一个选择疑问句，提供了两个选项“take them to the zoo (带他们去动物园)”和“go to the park (去公园)”，需要用连词or来连接，表示“或者；还是”，用于在两个选项中进行选择。 14．If you like maths you could be an accountant; you could be a maths teacher. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：如果你喜欢数学，你可以成为一名会计；或者你可以成为一名数学教师。此处为选择关系，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。 15．It turned out to be a lovely day, we decided to go out for a walk. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：结果那天天气很好，所以我们决定出去散步。前半句“天气好”是后半句“出去散步”的原因，两句之间为因果关系，需用表结果的并列连词“so”连接，符合逻辑。故填so。 16． makes it striking is the expression of fear. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让它引人注目的是恐惧的表达。空处引导名词性从句作主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“the expression of fear”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填What。 17．It doesn’t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语，空格处引导的是主语从句，由or可知，空格处是whether，whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”，因此空格处用whether引导主语从句，故填whether。 18．I have no idea will be in charge of the company. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查连接代词。句意：我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句，缺少主语，表示“谁”，用连接代词who。故填who。 19．You should know you’re going before you plan the best way of getting there. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你应该先知道要去哪里，你再计划到那里的最佳路线。此处引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语，表示“哪里”，应用连接副词where引导。故用where。 20．Did you know the man is standing at the school gate? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你认识那个正站在学校门口的男人吗？“_______ is standing at the school gate”是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the man，指人，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that引导从句。故填who/that。 单句语法填空（无提示词） 一、冠词 1．When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was shy , nervous perfectionist. 2．There once were a goat and a donkey…. So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. 3．The Tang Dynasty produced host of great poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 4．Thomas Edison was at forefront of the search for alternative ways to power vehicles. 5． expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help with the work the other day. 参考答案： 1．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：当我看到一个孩子受到这种压力时，我就想到了唐尼。他是个害羞、紧张的完美主义者。设空处修饰名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，设空后单词shy以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：从前有一只山羊和一头驴……农夫就把山羊杀了，用它的心脏做的药给驴吃。分析句子可知，设空处位于名词goat前，根据后面and gave the donkey及句意可知，此处特指那只山羊，应用定冠词the。故填the。 3．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：唐朝产生了许多伟大的诗人，如李白、杜甫和白居易。a host of“许多，很多”，固定短语，故填a。 4．the 【详解】考查冠词。句意：Thomas Edison站在寻找替代汽车动力方式的最前沿。at the forefront“在最前沿”是固定搭配，故填the。 5．An 【详解】考查冠词。句意：前几天，一位专家和一些助手被派去帮忙做这项工作。expert是可数名词，此处泛指“一位专家”，用不定冠词限定，expert以元音音素开头，应用an，位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。 二、介词 1．He won the badminton match the fact that he was playing with the wrong hand. 2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping could probably be used to keep tags on anybody at any time, the person’s knowledge. 3．It started with things assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes. 4．76 participants different countries walked shoulder to shoulder through the performance zone in a program that greeted all the people around the world. 5．Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story. ( 【答案】 1．despite 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管他用错了手，但他还是赢得了羽毛球赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“尽管......”，且空后为名词the fact，故应用介词despite“尽管”，故填despite。 2．without 【详解】考查介词。句意：实时的、高细节的卫星地图可能会被用来在任何人不知情的情况下，随时对任何人保持标记。根据句意可知，句中指“在人们不知情的情况下”，随时对任何人保持标记，故空格处应用介词“without”，意为“没有”，“without one’s knowledge”表示“在某人不知情的情况下”。故填without。 3．like 【详解】考查介词。句意：它开始于评估贷款申请的信用风险，通过阅读邮政编码中的手写字符来分类邮件。“assessing credit risk from loan applications, sorting the mail by reading handwritten characters from zip codes”是对前面things举的例子，空格处意为“像，比如”，需填介词like。故填like。 三、代词 1．Helen is the kind of worker who always pulls (she) weight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】her 【详解】句意：海伦是那种恪尽职守、尽本分的员工。空后为名词，所以此处使用she的形容词性物主代词her，固定短语pull one’s weight，意为“尽自己本分、做好分内事”。 2．When doing scientific experiments, the students absorbed (they) in observing the changes carefully. (所给词的适当形式填空填空) 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：在做科学实验时，学生们全神贯注地仔细观察变化。absorb oneself in是固定短语，意为“专心于”，因此空格处用反身代词themselves。 3．You should apply (you) to your study whole-heartedly.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】yourself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：你应该全身心地投入到学习中去。本空在句中作apply的宾语，且主语和宾语是同一对象，应该用反身代词yourself。故填yourself。 4．He fancies (he) a good singer, but he needs more practice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】himself 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：他自认为是个不错的歌手，但实际上他还需要更多的练习。主语he和宾语he一致，因此空格处用反身代词himself作宾语，故填himself。 5．Every festival has (it) different customs and unique charms. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】its 【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：每个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的魅力。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词。故填its。 四、情态动词 1．Handshaking have started as an ancient custom to demonstrate to a stranger that you had no weapon in your hand. 2．But grocery store bread stay fresh during long shipping and storage times. So companies often put a chemical preservative in it. 3．Whisper Camel-Means, the tribes division manager for the wildlife refuge, said under the Fish and Wildlife Service supervision, the exhibits there previously used a different tribes’ word for bison, which they not accept. 参考答案： 1．may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：握手最初可能是一种古老的习俗，用来向陌生人展示你手中没有武器。分 析句子结构可知，本句中主语为动名词Handshaking，为单数，而谓语动词是have started，且have是用的原形；结合句意，此处表达一种猜测，所以应该用情态动词may/might have done表示“有可能”。故填may或might。 2．must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：但是食品杂货店的面包必须在漫长的运输和贮存期间保持新鲜度。分析句子结构可知，bread是句子的主语且是单数形式，而空格后动词stay用了动词原形。换言之，空格要填上一个词使得stay保持形式不变，考虑情态动词。再分析句意，长时间的运输和贮存肯定会使面包失去新鲜度，因此就得想办法让它保持新鲜。must语气最强烈。故填must。 3．would/could 【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：野生动物保护区的部落部门经理Whisper Camel-Means说，在鱼类和野生动物管理局的监督下，那里的展品之前使用了不同部落对野牛的说法，他们不会接受这一点。空后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，此处表示“他们不会接受这一点”，空格处表示“不会”或“不能”，由said可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处情态动词用过去式would/could，故填would/could。 五、从属连词 1．A loaf of homemade bread has simple ingredients such as flour, water, salt and sugar. you make it yourself, you have control over your ingredients. 2．Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food. 3．Located   the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. 4．Involving the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all   the vacation can work for everyone. 5．He had his camera ready    he saw something that would make a good picture. 参考答案： 1．Since/As/Because 【详解】考查连词。句意：一条自制面包的配料很简单，如面粉、水、盐和糖。既然你自己做这个面包，你可以控制配料的使用。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为主句，逗号前为连词引导的从句。由句意可知，从句表示原因，主句表示结果，所以空处需填写引导原因状语从句的连接词。从属连词because， as，since均符合题意。故答案填Since/As/Because。 2．unless 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：大多数动物与不同种类的动物几乎毫无关系，除非他们要去猎食对方。根据主从句逻辑关系，应用表达“除非”的连词引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 3．where 【详解】考查连词。句意：坐落于一带一路的交汇点，江苏将为一带一路建设作出更大的贡献。located“坐落于；位于”，后接地点状语；句中the Belt meets the Road结构完整，要用where来连接地点状语从句，故填where。 4．so that 【详解】考查连词。句意：让孩子们参与计划假期可以确保他们也有一个很棒的假期。我喜欢参观历史古迹和博物馆，而他们喜欢钓鱼和游泳。所以我为大家安排了一些放松时间，这样每个人都能享受假期。so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，故填so that。 5．in case 【详解】考查连词短语。句意：他把照相机准备好了，以防他看到能拍出好照片的东西。短语in case表示“以防，万一”，引导目的状语从句，用在此处符合句意。故填in case。 六、并列连词 1．Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great. 2．Not only are more people taking to running, they are using wearable devices and using software on their cellphones to record the distance they cover and the amount of calories they burn. 3．Charles Cheadle of Cesar Chavez School says, “Boys are not so afraid that they might do something that will harm the computer,   girls are afraid they might break it somehow.” 4．As a result of showing up, Jason took opportunities got him closer to his goal. He sent work to a student show and was accepted by Robin Rule, the owner of Rule Gallery. 5．I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. 参考答案： 1．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：毒品滥用对个人的身心影响严重，造成的经济损失巨大。根据句意可知，前后句子是并列关系，空格处用and表并列，故填and。 2．but 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：不仅越来越多的人开始跑步，他们还使用可穿戴设备，并使用手机上的软件记录跑步距离和燃烧的卡路里量。not only...but (also)“不但……而且”为固定句型。故填but。 3．while 【详解】考查连词。句意：Cesar Chavez学校的Charles Cheadle说：“男孩不太害怕他们可能会做一些会伤害电脑的事情，而女孩则担心她们可能会以某种方式破坏它。” 表示两者之间的对比或相反的情况，用连词while。根据句意，故填while。 4．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：由于经常露面，他抓住所有机会，朝着自己的目标不断前进。他把作品寄给了一个学生展览，并被Rule画廊的老板Robin Rule接受了。分析句子可知，took opportunities和got him closer都是句子谓语，为并列关系，故用并列连词and。 5．so/and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我从来没有看过沙尘暴是什么样子，所以我告诉他我要出去亲自看看。空格处考查句间关系，根据句意可知，空处前后句间为并列关系或因果关系。故填so/and。 一、语篇填空（构词法知识专练） Taking part in school volunteer activities helps teenagers grow into responsible young people. 1.________ is widely acknowledged that service to others can teach us valuable life lessons, 2.________ few textbooks are able to deliver to us directly. Last Saturday our class went to a nursing home 3.________ many elderly people live peacefully. I asked myself 4.________ I could bring warmth to the seniors through simple talks and performances. This is 5.________ I prepared soft songs and hand-made cards days ahead of the activity. We would stay there until sunset 6.________ all the elders felt relaxed and happy. 7.________ busy our school schedule is, we will spare time to visit them regularly. Every volunteer 8.________ treat the elderly with patience and respect. The small activity room 9.________ we put on shows was filled with laughter all afternoon. Before leaving, one grandma gave me 10.________ handmade paper flower as a small gift, which I will keep forever. 一、答案 1. It 2. which 3. where 4. whether/if 5. why 6. until 7. However 8. should/must 9. where 10. a 二、文章大意 参与校园志愿活动能帮助青少年成长为有责任心的年轻人。众所周知，服务他人能教会我们宝贵的人生道理，这一点是很少有课本能够直接传授给我们的。 上周六我们班级前往一家养老院，许多老人在那里平静生活。我暗自思索，我能否通过简单的交谈与表演为老人们带去温暖。这就是我提前好几天准备舒缓歌曲与手工贺卡的原因。我们会一直待到日落，直到所有老人都放松、开心起来。无论我们的课业有多繁忙，我们都会抽出时间定期看望他们。每一位志愿者都应当用耐心与尊重对待老人。我们表演节目的小型活动室，整个下午都充满欢声笑语。 离开前，一位奶奶送给我一朵手工纸花当作小礼物，我会永远珍藏它。 三、逐空详细解析（语法考点 + 句子释义・上海高考标准） 1. It 语法：代词（形式主语），搭配主语从句（名词性从句）；固定句型 It is acknowledged that…，It 指代后方完整主语从句，无实义，只作形式主语。 句意：众所周知，服务他人能教会我们宝贵的人生道理。 2. which 语法：非限制性定语从句关系代词；先行词指代前面整件事，从句缺少主语，非限制性定语从句只能用 which，不可用 that，上海高考高频难点。 句意：（这份感悟）是很少有课本能够直接传授给我们的。 3. where 语法：限制性定语从句关系副词；先行词 a nursing home 表地点，从句主谓结构完整，where 在从句充当地点状语，等同于 in which。 句意：上周六我们班级前往一家养老院，许多老人在那里平静生活。 4. whether/if 语法：宾语从句引导词（四大名词性从句）；动词 ask 后接表 “是否” 的疑问类宾语从句，两者均可通用。 句意：我暗自思索，我能否通过简单的交谈与表演为老人们带去温暖。 5. why 语法：表语从句引导词（四大名词性从句）；固定结构 This is why…，why 在从句中作原因状语，解释前文行为的缘由。 句意：这就是我提前好几天准备舒缓歌曲与手工贺卡的原因。 6. until 语法：时间状语从句引导词（九大类状语从句）；until 表示 “直到…… 为止”，引导时间逻辑状语从句。 句意：我们会一直待到日落，直到所有老人都放松、开心起来。 7. However 语法：让步状语从句引导词（九大类状语从句）；However + 形容词 / 副词，意为 “无论多么……”，上海卷常考特殊让步结构。 句意：无论我们的课业有多繁忙，我们都会抽出时间定期看望他们。 8. should/must 语法：情态动词；should 表 “应当”，must 表 “必须”，用于提出行为准则，贴合志愿活动人文语境。 句意：每一位志愿者都应当用耐心与尊重对待老人。 9. where 语法：限制性定语从句关系副词；先行词 activity room 为地点名词，从句成分完整，where 充当地点状语。 句意：我们表演节目的小型活动室，整个下午都充满欢声笑语。 10. a 语法：不定冠词；handmade 为辅音音素开头，修饰单数可数名词 flower，表泛指 “一朵手工纸花”。 句意：离开前，一位奶奶送给我一朵手工纸花当作小礼物。 二、阅读理解 Whether you’re up for a Crocodile Dundee’s adventure or you’d just like a taste of the Australian sun, the beaches in and around Sydney can offer you all that and more. Sydney Beach Sydney Beach is located at Sydney’s northernmost tip on an extension of land ending at Palm Beach. Before checking out the golden sand, take a quick tour of the houses of the millionaires from the art and film industries. Palm Beach Only about an hour from downtown Sydney, Palm Beach offers a long stretch of clean sand and water. With parking near the center of the beach, the rest of it is left as a peaceful location with a sparse population, from which you can go surfing. But be careful: without the huge crowds of other Sydney beaches, Palm Beach doesn’t afford quite the safety level to be found elsewhere; volunteer lifesavers are on duty only on weekends and holidays. Bondi Beach For the big-name beach, Bondi Beach has to be your choice. Parking is difficult to find even on slow days, so consider taking public transport to this world-known beach in the castern Sydney suburbs. Easily reachable by taxi, bus, and rail, Bondi Beach offers sun bathing, swimming, snorkeling, and all sorts of water sports fun. If you’re in the mood for a bit of exercise, two scenic coastal walks will afford you great views and sights along the shore. Take in views from Mackenzie’s Point. It starts at Bondi and heads south to Bronte Beach. But don’t try to swim in Mackenzie’s Bay — it holds dangers such as hidden rocks. Bronte Beach Your second choice for a scenic coastal walk covers a little under two miles and takes you from Bronte Beach to Waverly Cemetery, where many famous Australians are buried, including poets Henry Kendall, Doreothea Mackellar, and Henry Lawson. 9．Which of the following shows the right order of the beaches lined from the south to the north? A．Palm Beach — Sydney Beach — Bronte Beach — Bondi Beach B．Bronte Beach — Bondi Beach — Palm Beach — Sydney Beach C．Sydney Beach — Palm Beach — Bondi Beach — Bronte Beach D．Bondi Beach — Bronte Beach — Palm Beach — Sydney Beach 10．The underlined word “sparse” probably means ______. A．large B．thick C．thin D．crowded 11．What can we learn from the passage? A．If you want to visit Palm Beach, the airplane is your best choice. B．If you want to enjoy a walk, you can choose Bondi Beach or Bronte Beach. C．If you want to visit the famous people’s tombs, you can choose Sydney Beach. D．If you want to swim in Palm Beach, the safer time is on weekdays and holidays. 【答案】9．B 10．C 11．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个海滩的情况。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sydney Beach is located at Sydney’s northernmost tip on an extension of land ending at Palm Beach.(悉尼海滩位于悉尼的最北端，延伸到棕榈滩)”可知，Sydney Beach在最北部，排除A、C；根据倒数第二段“It starts at Bondi and heads south to Bronte Beach.(从邦迪开始，向南到达勃朗特海滩)”可知，Bronte Beach位于Bondi Beach的南部，说明Bronte Beach在最南端，顺序为Bronte Beach — Bondi Beach — Palm Beach — Sydney Beach。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“the rest of it is left as a peaceful location(剩下的地方是一个安静的地方)”以及“But be careful: without the huge crowds of other Sydney beaches(要小心：棕榈滩没有悉尼其他海滩那样拥挤的人群)”可知，棕榈滩人口稀少，安静。故划线词意思是“稀少的”与thin意思相近。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you’re in the mood for a bit of exercise, two scenic coastal walks will afford you great views and sights along the shore.(如果你想做点运动，两次风景优美的海滨散步可以让你欣赏到沿岸的美景)”以及最后一段“Your second choice for a scenic coastal walk covers a little under two miles and takes you from Bronte Beach to Waverly Cemetery, where many famous Australians are buried, including poets Henry Kendall, Doreothea Mackellar, and Henry Lawson.(你的第二个选择是风景优美的海滨散步，全长不到两英里，从勃朗特海滩到韦弗利公墓，那里埋葬着许多著名的澳大利亚人，包括诗人亨利·肯德尔，多蕾奥西娅·麦凯勒和亨利·劳森)”可知，如果你想散步，你可以选择邦迪海滩或勃朗特海滩。故选B。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $