精品解析：江苏南京市宁海中学2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

高一（下）期末测试 英语 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） A The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) research internship program provides the opportunity for graduate students or 3rd/4th year undergraduate students to participate in research projects to gain valuable experience on a variety of cutting-edge research at USTC. Program Benefits ·Enhance research capability in state-of-the-art labs under the guidance of professors at USTC. ·Have a competitive edge in application for Master's, PhD. and post-doctoral programs at USTC by developing relationships with faculty and students. ·Apply for free Chinese language and culture class to learn basic Chinese language and explore unique Hui culture. Application Qualification 1. Good command of English. 2. Non-Chinese citizens with a foreign passport. 3. Currently enrolled full-time students in undergraduate Year 3/4, Master’s, or doctoral programs. Cost ·Tuition: 2,100 RMB (≈304 USD) per month (undergraduate student or master student).2,600 RMB (≈377 USD) per month (PhD student). • Student dormitory: 500-1,000 RMB (≈73-146 USD) per month depending on room type and size. ●Insurance: 160 RMB (≈23 USD) per month. Scholarship USTC offers limited scholarships to outstanding students. All applicants will be evaluated. USTC Fellowship Level A 1. free tuition 2.comprehensive medical insurance 3. free university dormitory 4. grant: 2,500 RMB (≈392 USD)/ month (Bachelor) 3,000 RMB (≈470 USD)/ month (Master) 3,500 RMB (≈550 USD)/ month (PhD) Level B 1. free tuition 2. comprehensive medical insurance Level C free tuition 1. Why might international students be interested in the free classes provided by the program? A. They can get help from USTC professors in the classes. B. They can gain a competitive edge for post-doctoral programs. C. They can learn basic Chinese and know about Hui culture. D. They can use the lab resources after finishing the classes. 2. Who is qualified for this research internship program? A. Chinese Year 2 undergraduates with fluent English. B. Chinese post-doctoral researchers with good grades. C. Part-time foreign PhD students with proficient English. D. Full-time English Master’s students with a foreign passport. 3. How much does a Fellowship Level B student pay at least? A. 23 USD/month. B. 73 USD/month. C. 146 USD/month. D. 304 USD/month. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国科学技术大学的研究实习项目的相关信息，包括项目福利、申请资格等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Program Benefits 部分中“Apply for free Chinese language and culture class to learn basic Chinese language and explore unique Hui culture.(申请免费的汉语和文化课程，学习基础汉语，探索独特的徽州文化)”可知，国际学生对免费课程感兴趣是因为可以学习基础汉语和了解徽州文化。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Application Qualification部分中“1. Good command of English.2. Non-Chinese citizens with a foreign passport.3. Currently enrolled full-time students in undergraduate Year 3/4, Master’s, or doctoral programs.(1. 英语水平良好。2. 持有外国护照的非中国公民。3. 目前在读的全日制大三/大四本科生、硕士或博士研究生)”可知，持外国护照的全日制英语硕士学生符合资格。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Scholarship部分的 Level B“1. free tuition；2. comprehensive medical insurance(1. 免学费；2. 综合医疗保险)”，以及Cost部分的“Student dormitory: 500-1,000 RMB (≈73-146 USD) per month depending on room type and size. Insurance: 160 RMB (≈23 USD) per month.(学生宿舍：每月 500-1000 元人民币（约 73-146 美元），取决于房间类型和大小。保险：每月 160 元人民币（约 23 美元）)”，Level B已经包含了学费和保险，所以最少需要支付的是宿舍费用的最低值 73 美元每月。故选B。 B Last summer, I volunteered at a small woodworking studio in the old part of our city. It was there that I met Mr. Chen, a 58-year-old master craftsman whose hands told stories of decades working with wood. While his workshop was filled with traditional tools, what he created was anything but conventional wooden furniture that perfectly blended classic craftsmanship with contemporary design. What struck me most was Mr. Chen’s unique perspective on what he called “new-era craftsmanship.” Though he learned woodworking from his father as a teenager, he never confined himself to old methods. Recognizing the changing preferences of younger customers, he spent evenings teaching himself 3D modeling software and weekends researching sustainable materials like bamboo composites and water-based finishes. I witnessed his innovative approach firsthand when a young couple asked for a custom bookshelf for their small apartment. They needed something space-efficient, eco-friendly, and easy to tear apart for potential moves. Mr. Chen embraced the challenge enthusiastically. Over the next week, he created multiple digital prototypes, experimented with three different types of wood, and reinvented traditional techniques to create interlocking joints that required no metal fasteners. I often found him working late, his experienced hands carefully testing each component. When I asked why he invested such extraordinary effort into what seemed like a simple project, he paused from his work and smiled. “True craftsmanship isn’t about blindly repeating what our ancestors did,” he explained. “It’s about understanding the essence of tradition while having the courage to adapt it for today’s world.” To illustrate his point, he showed me two bookshelves — one he made twenty years ago, beautiful in its solid construction, and the new prototype, which used thirty percent less material while being equally steady and more functional for modern living. Through Mr. Chen’s example, I came to understand that new-era craftsmanship represents the perfect marriage of dedication and innovation. It honors the past while embracing the future, proving that excellence comes not from doing one thing forever, but from doing it well with an ever-evolving spirit. 4. Traditional tools are mentioned in Paragraph1 to _______. A. stress Mr. Chen’s source of inspiration B. highlight the wisdom of past generations C. promote the spirit of traditional craftsmanship D. contrast with Mr.Chen’s modern and creative ideas 5. Why does the author list specific requests from the young couple? A. To display the shift of traditional craftsmanship. B. To reveal the challenges facing today’s craftsmen. C. To imply the need for craftsmen to go with the times. D. To distinguish modern approaches from traditional ones. 6. What does “true craftsmanship” mean in Mr. Chen’s viewpoint? A. Creating resource-efficient products. B. Persisting through testing and effort. C. Adapting traditional wisdom for modern use. D. Combining digital and traditional techniques. 7. What does Mr. Chen’s story show? A. The best of both worlds. B. Two sides of a coin. C. If it isn’t broken, don’t fix it. D. What is new is not always better. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个木工工作室做志愿者时，遇到了陈师傅，他虽使用传统工具，但作品融合了经典工艺与现代设计。陈师傅对“新时代工匠精神”有独到见解，他通过为一对年轻夫妇定制书架的实例，展现了创新与传统结合的魅力。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“While his workshop was filled with traditional tools, what he created was anything but conventional wooden furniture that perfectly blended classic craftsmanship with contemporary design.(虽然他的工作室里摆满了传统工具，但他所创作的作品绝非传统的木制家具，而是将经典工艺与现代设计完美融合)”可知，工作室里摆满了传统工具，但是陈师傅的作品却绝非传统的木制家具，而是将经典工艺与现代设计完美融合。由此可推知，第一段提到传统工具是为了与陈师傅现代和创造性的想法形成对比。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I witnessed his innovative approach firsthand when a young couple asked for a custom bookshelf for their small apartment. They needed something space-efficient, eco-friendly, and easy to tear apart for potential moves.(我曾亲眼目睹他的创新做法：当时一对年轻夫妇为自家小公寓定制书架。他们需要一件既节省空间、又环保，还能在未来搬家时轻松拆卸的家具)”和第三段中陈师傅为满足这些需求而采取的一系列创新方法(如3D建模、使用新材料、重新设计榫卯结构等)可推知，作者列举年轻夫妇的具体要求，是为了说明当代消费者的需求已经发生变化，从而暗示手工艺人需要与时俱进，适应这些新需求。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“True craftsmanship isn’t about blindly repeating what our ancestors did,” he explained. “It’s about understanding the essence of tradition while having the courage to adapt it for today’s world.”(“真正的工艺不是盲目地重复祖先所做的事情，”他解释道。“而是要理解传统的精髓，同时要有勇气使其适应现代世界。”)”可知，在陈师傅看来，“真正的工艺”意味着使传统智慧适应现代用途。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Through Mr. Chen’s example, I came to understand that new-era craftsmanship represents the perfect marriage of dedication and innovation. It honors the past while embracing the future, proving that excellence comes not from doing one thing forever, but from doing it well with an ever-evolving spirit.(通过陈师傅的例子，我明白了新时代的工匠精神是奉献与创新的完美结合。它尊重过去，同时拥抱未来，证明卓越不是来自永远只做一件事，而是来自以不断发展的精神把事情做好)”可推知，陈师傅的故事展示了如何成功地将传统与现代、坚守与创新结合起来，达到“两全其美”的境界。A项“The best of both worlds(两全其美)”准确地概括了这一寓意。故选A项。 C Travellers have long feared being swallowed into the peatlands (泥炭地): “If his foot slips ... it is possible he may never more be heard of,” described William Gilpin in 1772. But now the image of this ecosystem finally turns a corner. UNESCO has recognized the Flow Country as a world heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland to make the list-due to its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety of plants and animals that live there. It’s also recognized that these peatlands are not humankind’s enemy but an important partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has formed in the Flow Country for 8,000 years, trapping carbon. It’s vital this carbon stays to avoid further global heating. The Flow Country was chosen for its natural heritage not cultural significance, which comes as a welcome contrast to the vast majority of the UK’s other world heritage sites. Prioritising culture might make sense for places like Stonehenge or Durham Cathedral, but the Lake District? Not so much. The Lake District National Park is remarkable for its natural geography: deep valleys, uneven peaks and icy lakes. People have long shaped the area, but their impact is just a thin layer on a remarkably splendid landscape. Yet, when the park gained world heritage status in 2017, it was largely upon the basis of its relatively recent tradition of sheep farming. The decision reflected how the English perceive the natural world. But the recognition of the Flow Country looks even more profound. It represents a change not only in our perception of peatlands but of nature itself. Unlike the Lake District, it prioritises not sheep, but moss (苔藓). This approach aligns with the growing movement to recognise the rights of nature: to reframe the natural world as something more than a collection of raw materials. None of that is to ignore humans’ role in the Flow Country but we should recognize that no landscape in the UK can be considered in isolation from its culture, while also remembering that the human story never unfolds alone. 8. Why does the author quote William Gilpin in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the author’s point. B. To give a scientific explanation. C. To provide historical background. D. To present a common partial view. 9. For what was the Flow Country recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site? A. Climate benefit and natural value. B. Beautiful scenery and conservation efforts. C. Geographical uniqueness and rare species. D. Educational significance and cultural value. 10. What does the underlined phrase “aligns with” in paragraph 4 mean? A. addresses. B. matches. C. Challenges. D. Outweighs. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. The formation of the Flow Country. B. The recognition of the Lake District. C. The long-overdue respect for peatlands. D. The conservation difficulties of peatlands. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了泥炭地从过去被旅行者视为威胁的存在，到Flow Country成为首个入选世界遗产的泥炭地，其认知发生的转变；通过对比英国湖区的入选依据，阐述了Flow Country的入选不仅源于其自然价值与气候益处，更体现了人类对泥炭地乃至自然本身认知的深刻变化。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段开篇提到“Travellers have long feared being swallowed into the peatlands (长期以来，旅行者们一直害怕被泥炭地吞没。)”，随后引用William Gilpin 1772 年的描述“If his foot slips ... it is possible he may never more be heard of (要是他脚一滑……可能就再也没人听说过他了。)”，是为了具体呈现过去人们对泥炭地普遍存在的恐惧和负面印象，旨在生动呈现历史上人们对泥炭地广泛存在的恐惧与负面印象 —— 这种视泥炭地为“威胁”的认知实属片面。第二段紧随其后以but进行转折，指出“now the image of this ecosystem finally turns a corner (如今该生态系统的形象终于迎来转变)”，形成强烈对比。因此，该处引用的主要目的在于呈现一种曾经普遍存在的片面观念。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“UNESCO has recognized the Flow Country as a world heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland to make the list-due to its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety of plants and animals that live there. It’s also recognized that these peatlands are not humankind’s enemy but an important partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has formed in the Flow Country for 8,000 years, trapping carbon. (联合国教科文组织已将福洛地区认定为世界遗产地 —— 这是首个入选该名录的泥炭地 —— 因其具备独特的自然特征：这里栖息着种类极为丰富的动植物。人们还认识到，这些泥炭地并非人类的敌人，而是应对气候危机的重要伙伴。福洛地区的泥炭已形成 8000 年之久，期间一直在固存碳。)”可知，Flow Country入选世界遗产的原因有两点：一是其显著的自然价值，二是其气候益处。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Unlike the Lake District, it prioritises not sheep, but moss ( 苔藓). This approach aligns with the growing movement to recognise the rights of nature: to reframe the natural world as something more than a collection of raw materials. (与湖区不同，福洛地区优先关注的并非绵羊，而是苔藓。这种理念契合了日益兴起的“承认自然权利”运动：该运动主张将自然界重新定义为不仅仅是原材料的集合体。)” 可知，Flow Country优先关注苔藓，即自然本身的理念，与“承认自然权利、不将自然仅视为原材料集合”的运动方向是一致的。“aligns with” 在此处意为“符合、匹配”，与“matches”含义相近。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇以过去人们对泥炭地的恐惧引出话题，核心围 Flow Country成为首个泥炭地世界遗产展开，通过对比湖区的文化导向入选依据，强调Flow Country的入选源于自然价值与气候意义，更体现了人类对泥炭地从“敌人”到“伙伴”的认知转变 —— 这意味着泥炭地终于获得了应有的重视。选项C “The long-overdue respect for peatlands (泥炭地迟来的尊重)”概括了文章核心。故选C。 D Much has been discussed about how modern lifestyles lead to insufficient sleep, unlike our ancestors who lived in simpler times. However, an analysis of 54 global sleep studies reveals that individuals in small, non-industrial societies actually sleep less than those in more industrialized regions. “Everyone I speak to in Canada and the US complains about poor sleep,” says Leela McKinnon from the University of Toronto Mississauga. “But the data doesn’t support that.” It is commonly believed that the rise of devices like smartphones has resulted in reduced sleep — often referred to as a sleep-loss epidemic. Yet, many studies reporting a decline in sleep duration rely on self-reported data, which is an unreliable measure. Research using more reliable methods, such as activity monitors or brainwave tracking, has not indicated a decrease in sleep over recent decades. For instance, a 2023 review of 168 studies found no significant drop in sleep duration over the past 50 years. However, these studies primarily focused on industrialized nations, leaving the question of whether sleep patterns were different before industrialization unanswered. The availability of wrist-based activity monitors made it easier to study sleep in non-industrial societies. Such studies have revealed short sleep durations. For instance, among hunter-gatherers, the San peoples in southern Africa sleep for 6.7 hours a night on average. McKinnon and her colleague David Samson, also from the University of Toronto Mississauga, have participated in several relevant studies. They compared sleep habits in industrialized nations — like the US and Australia — with those in smaller, non-industrial communities, including local groups in the Amazon, Madagascar, and Tanna Island in the Pacific. Their analysis, the most comprehensive to date, involved direct measurements of sleep in 866 participants aged 18 and older with no serious health issues. They discovered that individuals in non-industrial societies averaged 6.4 hours of sleep, while those in industrial societies averaged 7.1 hours. Additionally, people in non-industrial societies were asleep for 74% of their time in bed, compared to 88% in industrialized areas, a concept known as sleep efficiency. Samson believes that people in industrialized societies sleep longer and better because their environment is more suitable for sleep. “We see that we’ve made some real gains in the safety and security of our sleep sites,” he says, “We no longer need to worry about rival groups or predators at night.” 12. What does Leela McKinnon think of sleep complaints? A. They are overstated by people. B. They are supported by data. C. They are unique to Canada. D. They are caused by smartphones. 13. How did the researchers conduct their research on people’s sleep habits? A. By collecting sleep data of different age groups. B. By interviewing participants about their sleep routines. C. By analyzing health problems of sleep-deficient people. D. By comparing sleep conditions of different societies. 14. Why do people in industrial societies sleep better? A. They sleep less but feel better. B. Their sleep technology is advanced. C. They are more used to short sleep. D. Their sleep environments are safer. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. Research challenges beliefs about sleep. B. Technology greatly reduces sleep time. C. Industrialization worsens sleep quality. D. Non-industrial societies sleep better. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕一项研究展开，该研究表明，非工业社会的群体（如狩猎采集者）实际睡眠时间比工业化社会更短，且睡眠效率更低；研究反驳了“现代生活方式导致普遍睡眠不足”的流行观点，并指出工业化社会的安全环境可能促进了更长的睡眠时间。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中““Everyone I speak to in Canada and the US complains about poor sleep,” says Leela McKinnon from the University of Toronto Mississauga. “But the data doesn’t support that.”(“在加拿大和美国，我遇到的每个人都在抱怨睡眠质量差，”多伦多大学密西沙加校区的莉拉・麦金农说，“但数据并不支持这种说法。”)”及“Yet, many studies reporting a decline in sleep duration rely on self-reported data, which is an unreliable measure. (然而，许多声称睡眠时间下降的研究都依赖自我报告的数据，这种测量方式并不可靠)”可推断，她认为人们对睡眠问题的抱怨言过其实。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“They compared sleep habits in industrialized nations — like the US and Australia — with those in smaller, non-industrial communities, including local groups in the Amazon, Madagascar, and Tanna Island in the Pacific. Their analysis, the most comprehensive to date, involved direct measurements of sleep in 866 participants aged 18 and older with no serious health issues. They discovered that individuals in non-industrial societies averaged 6.4 hours of sleep, while those in industrial societies averaged 7.1 hours. Additionally, people in non-industrial societies were asleep for 74% of their time in bed, compared to 88% in industrialized areas, a concept known as sleep efficiency. (他们对比了工业化国家（如美国、澳大利亚）与小型非工业化社群（包括亚马逊、马达加斯加以及太平洋塔纳岛的本地群体）的睡眠习惯。他们的分析是迄今为止最全面的一项，研究对象为866名18岁及以上、无严重健康问题的参与者，并对他们的睡眠情况进行了直接测量。研究发现，非工业化社会人群的平均睡眠时间为6.4小时，而工业化社会人群的平均睡眠时间为7.1小时。此外，非工业化社会人群的睡眠效率（即卧床时间中用于睡眠的比例）为74%，而工业化地区人群的睡眠效率则达到88%)”可知，研究人员对比了工业化国家和非工业化小型社群的睡眠习惯，还对866名参与者的睡眠情况进行了直接测量。由此可知，研究的核心方法是对比不同社会的睡眠状况。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Samson believes that people in industrialized societies sleep longer and better because their environment is more suitable for sleep. “We see that we’ve made some real gains in the safety and security of our sleep sites,” he says, “We no longer need to worry about rival groups or predators at night.”(萨姆森认为，工业化社会人群睡得更久、质量更高，是因为他们的睡眠环境更适宜睡眠。“我们发现，人类睡眠环境的安全性已经有了实质性的提升，”他说，“我们再也不用担心夜晚会遭遇敌对群体或捕食者的侵袭了。”)”可知，工业化社会的人们睡得更好是因为他们的睡眠环境更安全。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Much has been discussed about how modern lifestyles lead to insufficient sleep, unlike our ancestors who lived in simpler times. However, an analysis of 54 global sleep studies reveals that individuals in small, non-industrial societies actually sleep less than those in more industrialized regions. (关于现代生活方式如何导致睡眠不足的讨论已有很多，这与我们生活在更简单年代的祖先们截然不同。然而，一项涵盖54项全球睡眠研究的分析表明，小型非工业化社会人群的睡眠时间，实际上比工业化程度更高地区的人群要短)”以及通读全文可知，全文围绕一项研究展开，大众普遍认为现代工业化生活方式导致睡眠不足，非工业化社会人群睡眠更好，但研究却发现非工业化社会人群睡眠时长更短、睡眠效率更低，这一结论挑战了人们对睡眠的固有认知。因此，A选项“Research challenges beliefs about sleep. (研究挑战了人们对睡眠的看法)”最符合文章主旨。故选A。 The power of no: how to build strong, healthy boundaries No. A tiny, yet mighty word. To hear it can make us feel childlike; sheepish or in trouble. ____16____ In July, when the gymnast Simone. Biles withdrew from most of her Olympics. appearances, citing emotional exhaustion that was affecting her ability to perform, her “no” was absolutely unexpected. ____17____ White, male sports experts used the word “selfish”. It was a similar story when the tennis player Naomi Osaka withdrew from the French Open in May, speaking of “long bouts（发作）of depression” and “huge waves of anxiety” before her pre-and post-match press conferences. For both women, after a lifetime of intensive training, in the world’s gaze, the risks of saying no were huge. ____18____ A superstar athlete such as Biles pulling away from the most honored sporting event in the world to prioritize her state of mind felt culturally influential, yet remarkably simple. ____19____ ____20____ According to Steve Magness, an Olympic athletics coach and performance scientist, “You spend years building towards a moment and have external pressure coming at you which transforms into unbelievable internal pressure. I don’t think the everyday person understands that.” Magness has spent a decade researching toughness, namely, our “deep misunderstanding” of what it really means. “The easy dec. was to push onwards no matter what. You can always defend ‘trying’. The hard decision was to say no.” A. Reactions were largely supportive, but opinions were divided along political lines in the US. B. The Olympic games are emotionally exhausting. C. For good mental health, focusing on our own toughness is crucial D. How does it make you feel to say “no”? Strong? Nervous? Guilty? E. When we find it difficult to say ‘no’ at work or at home, our responsibilities can quickly become overwhelming. F. But the message was that they were removing themselves from systems that might not protect them. G. Why shouldn’t she put others’ expectations second if feeling completely overwhelmed? 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕“拒绝的力量”展开，以体操运动员西蒙·拜尔斯和网球运动员大坂直美在奥运会、法网等国际赛事中因心理问题拒绝参赛的案例为切入点，探讨了在外界压力下设立健康边界、勇敢说“不”的重要性，并结合奥运教练的观点进一步阐释了“拒绝”背后的艰难抉择与积极意义。 【16题详解】 根据前文“No. A tiny, yet mighty word. To hear it can make us feel childlike; sheepish or in trouble.(‘不’，一个微小却有力的词。听到这个词，我们可能会感到幼稚、羞怯或陷入麻烦)”可知，前文聚焦“听到‘不’的感受”，此处应自然过渡到“说‘不’的感受”，形成逻辑上的呼应与延伸。D选项“How does it make you feel to say “no”? Strong? Nervous? Guilty?(说“不”会让你有什么感觉？是坚定？紧张？还是愧疚？)”符合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“her “no” was absolutely unexpected.(她的“不”完全出人意料)”以及后文“White, male sports experts used the word “selfish”.(白人男性体育专家用“自私”来形容她)”可知，此处需体现外界对拜尔斯“说不”的不同反应。A选项“Reactions were largely supportive, but opinions were divided along political lines in the US. (反应在很大程度上是支持的，但在美国，观点因政治立场而存在分歧)”符合语境。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“For both women, after a lifetime of intensive training, in the world’s gaze, the risks of saying no were huge. (对这两位女性而言，经过一生的高强度训练，在全世界的注视下，说‘不’的风险极大)”以及后文“A superstar athlete such as Biles pulling away from the most honored sporting event... (像拜尔斯这样的超级巨星运动员，为了优先考虑自己的精神状态而退出最受尊崇的体育赛事……)”可知，此处需解释二人“冒巨大风险说不”的核心目的——保护自身。F选项“But the message was that they were removing themselves from systems that might not protect them.(但核心信息是，她们正将自己从可能无法保护她们的体系中抽离出来)”符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“A superstar athlete such as Biles pulling away from the most honored sporting event in the world to prioritize her state of mind felt culturally influential, yet remarkably simple.(像拜尔斯这样的超级巨星运动员，为了优先考虑自己的精神状态而退出最受尊崇的体育赛事，这在文化层面具有影响力，但其本质却非常简单)”可知，此处需对“简单的本质”进行反问式强化，进一步肯定“优先自身状态”的合理性。G选项“Why shouldn’t she put others’ expectations second if feeling completely overwhelmed?(如果感到完全不堪重负，她为什么不能把别人的期望放在第二位呢？)”符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据后文“According to Steve Magness, an Olympic athletics coach and performance scientist, “You spend years building towards a moment and have external pressure coming at you which transforms into unbelievable internal pressure. I don’t think the everyday person understands that.” Magness has spent a decade researching toughness, namely, our “deep misunderstanding” of what it really means. “The easy dec. was to push onwards no matter what. You can always defend ‘trying’. The hard decision was to say no.”(奥运田径教练兼运动表现科学家史蒂夫・马格尼斯表示：“你花数年时间为某个关键时刻做准备，期间会承受各种外界压力，这些压力又会转化为难以想象的内在压力。我认为普通人无法理解这种感受。” 马格尼斯花了十年时间研究 “坚韧” 这一品质，他指出，我们对 “坚韧” 的真正含义存在 “深度误解”。“无论如何都要咬牙坚持，这是容易做出的选择——因为“努力尝试”总能找到理由辩解。而敢于说‘不’，才是更艰难的决定。)”可知，本段核心围绕“运动员面临的压力与“拒绝”的“艰难抉择”展开，选项需先点明“奥运会赛事本身带来的压力”这一背景。B选项“The Olympic games are emotionally exhausting. (奥运会在情感上是令人疲惫的)”符合语境。故选B项。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Li Jia returned to her hometown in the remote mountains last summer, only to find the once-thriving bamboo weaving industry on the edge of ____21____. The old workshops, where her grandfather once spent decades perfecting his ____22____, now stood empty, their wooden frames covered in dust. The familiar sound of bamboo strips being split — once a constant backdrop to village life — had fallen silent. When she asked Uncle Wang, the last remaining master weaver in the village, why no young people wanted to learn the craft, he sighed heavily. “Bamboo weaving takes at least five years to master, and the pay is ____23____ compared to factory jobs in the city. Young folks are in too much of a hurry to ____24____ the patience it requires. They’d rather work overtime for quick money than sit for hours splitting bamboo into thin, even strips.” His words left Li Jia with a deep sense of ____25____; she remembered watching her grandfather weave baskets as a child, his hands moving with effortless ____26____, turning raw bamboo into works of art. Determined to ____27____ the tradition from fading away, Li Jia quit her office job in the city and moved back home. She started by documenting Uncle Wang’s weaving process — taking hundreds of photos and videos, ____28____ every detail of how he softened bamboo in boiling water, split it with a bamboo knife, and wove the strips into delicate baskets and mats. At first, her efforts were met with ____29____. Some villagers joked that she was “chasing ghosts of the past,” while others doubted a young woman could ever ____30____ such a complex craft. But Li Jia didn’t let the doubt stop her. She set up an online shop, where she sold the pieces Uncle Wang made, and used the profits to ____31____ high-quality bamboo for him. She also created short videos about bamboo weaving, sharing the stories behind each piece — how a basket’s pattern was inspired by mountain clouds, or how a mat’s color reflected the village’s autumn foliage. To her surprise, the videos went viral, attracting thousands of views from people ____32____ in traditional crafts. Slowly, Li Jia’s work ____33____. More young people in the village began to gather around Uncle Wang’s workshop, asking to learn. She even organized workshops in nearby cities, where she taught urban residents the basics of bamboo weaving. “It’s not just about making baskets,” Li Jia told a reporter during an interview. “It’s about keeping our ancestors’ wisdom ____34____ — a way to let the world know that our small village has something precious to ____35____.” Today, the sound of splitting bamboo has returned to the village. And for Li Jia, that sound is more than just noise — it’s the sound of tradition coming back to life. 21. A. disappearance B. emergence C. survival D. growth 22. A. skill B. craft C. technique D. hobby 23. A. generous B. flexible C. meager D. stable 24. A. develop B. abandon C. ignore D. test 25. A. pride B. relief C. regret D. urgency 26. A. caution B. clumsiness C. precision D. hesitation 27. A. rescue B. prevent C. ban D. separate 28. A. skipping B. capturing C. modifying D. hiding 29. A. enthusiasm B. skepticism C. approval D. curiosity 30. A. master B. invent C. reform D. promote 31. A. donate B. store C. purchase D. export 32. A. experienced B. absorbed C. successful D. interested 33. A. faded B. spread C. paid off D. broke down 34. A. alive B. secret C. safe D. hidden 35. A. protect B. offer C. gain D. inherit 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了李佳拯救家乡竹编产业的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：李佳去年夏天回到她位于偏远山区的家乡，却发现曾经繁荣的竹编产业濒临消失。A. disappearance消失；B. emergence出现；C. survival生存；D. growth成长。根据后文“The old workshops, where her grandfather once spent decades perfecting his ____2____ , now stood empty, their wooden frames covered in dust. The familiar sound of bamboo strips being split — once a constant backdrop to village life — had fallen silent.”可知，曾经繁荣的竹编产业现在濒临消失。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她祖父曾在那里花费数十年完善他的技艺的那些老作坊现在却空无一人，木架子上布满了灰尘。A. skill技能；B. craft手艺；C. technique技巧；D. hobby爱好。根据后文“no young people wanted to learn the craft”可知，此处指完善他的手艺。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：竹编至少需要五年才能掌握，而且与城市工厂的工作相比，收入微薄。A. generous慷慨的；B. flexible灵活的；C. meager微薄的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“compared to factory jobs in the city”以及“They’d rather work overtime for quick money”可知，与城市工厂的工作相比，竹编的收入微薄。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人太急于求成，无法培养所需的耐心。A. develop培养；B. abandon抛弃；C. ignore忽视；D. test测试。根据后文“the patience it requires”以及“They’d rather work overtime for quick money than sit for hours splitting bamboo into thin, even strips.”可知，年轻人宁愿为了快速赚钱而加班，说明年轻人不愿花时间培养耐心。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话让李佳心中涌起强烈的紧迫感；她记得小时候看祖父编篮子，他的双手精准自如地移动，将原竹变成艺术品。A. pride骄傲；B. relief宽慰；C. regret遗憾；D. urgency紧急。根据后文“Li Jia quit her office job in the city and moved back home”可知，李佳决心返乡拯救传统工艺，她此时感受到的是保护竹编产业的紧迫感。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话让李佳心中涌起强烈的紧迫感；她记得小时候看着祖父编织篮子，他的双手动作精准，将生竹变成艺术品。A. caution谨慎；B. clumsiness笨拙；C. precision精准；D. hesitation犹豫。根据后文“turning raw bamboo into works of art”可知，祖父编织篮子时双手动作精准。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：李佳决心拯救这一传统免于消失，于是辞去了城市里的办公室工作，搬回了家乡。A. rescue拯救；B. prevent阻止；C. ban禁止；D. separate分开。根据后文“the tradition from fading away”以及“Li Jia quit her office job in the city and moved back home”可知，李佳决心拯救这一传统免于消失。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始记录王叔叔的编织过程——拍摄了数百张照片和视频，捕捉他如何将竹子在沸水中软化、用竹刀劈开、将竹条编织成精致的篮子和垫子的每一个细节。A. skipping跳跃；B. capturing捕捉；C. modifying修改；D. hiding隐藏。根据后文“every detail of how he softened bamboo in boiling water, split it with a bamboo knife, and wove the strips into delicate baskets and mats”可知，此处指捕捉王叔叔编织过程的每一个细节。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，她的努力遭到了怀疑。A. enthusiasm热情；B. skepticism怀疑；C. approval批准；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“Some villagers joked that she was “chasing ghosts of the past,” while others doubted a young woman could ever ____10____ such a complex craft.”可知，李佳的努力遭到了村民的怀疑。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些村民开玩笑说她是在“追逐过去的幽灵”，而另一些人则怀疑一个年轻女子能否掌握如此复杂的工艺。A. master掌握；B. invent发明；C. reform改革；D. promote促进。根据后文“such a complex craft”可知，此处指掌握如此复杂的工艺。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开了一家网店，出售王叔叔制作的作品，并用利润为他购买高质量的竹子。A. donate捐赠；B. store储存；C. purchase购买；D. export出口。根据前文“used the profits”以及后文“high-quality bamboo for him”可知，此处指用利润为王叔叔购买高质量的竹子。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，这些视频在网上疯传，吸引了成千上万对传统工艺感兴趣的人的观看。A. experienced有经验的；B. absorbed全神贯注的；C. successful成功的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文“attracting thousands of views from people”可知，视频吸引的是对传统工艺感兴趣的人。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：慢慢地，李佳的努力得到了回报。A. faded褪色；B. spread传播；C. paid off得到回报；D. broke down分解。根据后文“More young people in the village began to gather around Uncle Wang’s workshop, asking to learn.”可知，李佳的努力得到了回报，越来越多的年轻人开始学习竹编。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是为了让祖先的智慧保持鲜活——一种让世界知道我们这个小村庄有珍贵的东西可以提供的方式。A. alive活着的；B. secret秘密的；C. safe安全的；D. hidden隐藏的。根据后文“a way to let the world know that our small village has something precious to...”可知，此处指让祖先的智慧保持鲜活。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是为了让祖先的智慧保持鲜活——一种让世界知道我们这个小村庄有珍贵的东西可以提供的方式。A. protect保护；B. offer提供；C. gain获得；D. inherit继承。根据上文“our small village has something precious to”可知，此处指小村庄有珍贵的东西可以提供给世界。故选B。 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, covering vast distances and an astonishing ____36____ (vary) of landscapes, was a network of ancient trade routes from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A crucial section of the network is the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____37____ (stretch) through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The three countries successfully pursued the route’s status in UNESCO World Heritage. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian, the ambassador assigned by the emperor, ____38____ (journey) from Chang’an to Central Asia. Different ways ____39____ (seek) by Zhang Qian to build bridges between the major powers of the time, ____40____ the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. ____41____ (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network ____42____ its weight was light and its value was high. Apart from trade exchange, the network was employed to exchange cultures, ____43____ shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and other areas in societies along the network. These amazingly long routes achieved a ____44____ (share) development by connecting Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____45____ the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of mankind’s common heritage. 【答案】36. variety 37. stretching 38. journeyed 39. were sought 40. with 41. Initially 42. because 43. which 44. shared 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍丝绸之路的地理范围、历史起源、贸易与文化交流意义，及长安-天山廊道入选世界遗产的重要意义。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：丝绸之路覆盖广阔地域，地貌类型惊人多样，是古代连接东亚与地中海的贸易路线网络。此处为固定搭配“a variety of”，意为“各种各样的”，用vary的名词形式variety，意为“多样性”。故填variety。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该网络的关键路段是长安-天山廊道，绵延穿过中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦。此处为非谓语动词，the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor与stretch为主动关系，用现在分词stretching作后置定语。故填stretching。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：丝绸之路始于公元前2世纪，当时皇帝派遣的使者张骞从长安出使中亚。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the 2nd century BCE”，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为journeyed。故填journeyed。 【39题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：张骞寻求多种方式在当时的各大强国之间搭建桥梁，该路线网络远及罗马帝国。此处为谓语动词，根据语境“过去被寻求”，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语Different ways为复数，所以谓语动词为were sought。故填were sought。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：张骞寻求多种方式在当时的各大强国之间搭建桥梁，该路线网络远及罗马帝国。此处为with的复合结构“with +宾语+现在分词”，作状语，表示“路线网络延伸至……”，用介词with。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：最初，丝绸是该网络上的主要出口商品，因为它重量轻、价值高。此处修饰整个句子，用initial的副词形式initially，意为“最初、起初”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Initially。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：最初，丝绸是该网络上的主要出口商品，因为它重量轻、价值高。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”，用连词because。故填because。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：除了贸易交流，该网络还用于文化交流，这塑造了沿线社会在科学、艺术、技术等领域的发展。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子描述的“文化交流”这件事，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些惊人的漫长路线通过连接东西方文明，实现了共同发展。此处修饰名词development，用share的形容词形式shared，意为“共同的、共享的”。故填shared。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：长安—天山廊道被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，是对丝绸之路作为人类共同遗产重要组成部分的认可，具有里程碑意义。此处为固定搭配“the addition to...”，意为“……被加入到……中”，用介词to。故填to。 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46. 学校英文报正在开展以“How Often Meals Are Skipped”为题的调查，结果显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 How Often Meals Are Skipped ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Our school English newspaper conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals once a day and several times a week is respectively 50% and 8%. However, those who never skip meals only account for 37%. With the development of economy, students have a lot of choices to eat. More and more students are keen on snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study. As far as I am concerned, it’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline and it’s also essential for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生写一篇以“How Often Meals Are Skipped”为题的调查报告投稿给校英文报。 【详解】1.词汇积累 调查：survey→ investigation 表明：show→ indicate 然而：However→ Nevertheless 热衷于：are keen on→are fond of 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：With the development of economy, students have a lot of choices to eat. 同义句：Due to the economic progress, students now have a plethora of food choices available to them. 【点睛】【高分句型1】More and more students are keen on snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals once a day and several times a week is respectively 50% and 8%. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Martha and her husband Jeff had a fancy house in the countryside, where they spent almost every summer together with their boys Tom and Nathan. Tom was 10 and Nathan was 8,the two of whom were closely bonded, unlike some other siblings who would often fight over small things. Except for one thing, cleaning! One sunny morning, Martha called out to her children,“ Tom and Nathan, it’s time to clean your room!” The kids sighed deeply. Cleaning their room was always a chore they disliked. Unwillingly, Tom and Nathan made their way to their messy room. Toys were scattered all over the floor, clothes were piled up on chairs, and books were haphazardly (随意的) piled on the shelves. It was a complete mess! Mom entered,“ Oh, my! This room is a disaster zone! We need to work together to clean it up.” Tom and Nathan exchanged looks, clearly not pleased with the task at hand. They had a history of arguing, especially when it came to cleaning their room. Mom, sensing their unwillingness, reminded the kids,” A clean room not only look snice but also helps us find things easily. It’s important to take care of our belongings and keep our surroundings clean.” The boys didn’t respond, seemingly thinking about something. Jeff, who was passing by, overheard the dialogue and decided to lend a hand. He decided to take a different approach. He said, “I understand that cleaning can be boring, but what if we turn it into a fun challenge? Let’s see who can find the most interesting item hidden in this messy room. The winner gets to choose what we have for dessert tonight!” Tom and Nathan’s eyes lit up with excitement. They loved a good challenge, especially when there was a delicious reward involved. They eagerly accepted their father’s proposal and began searching for hidden treasures. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 They started by picking up the toys and organizing them into respective boxes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slowly but surely, the rom began to look tidier. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: They started by picking up the toys and organizing them into respective boxes. Tom started rummaging through a pile of clothes and discovered an old comic book that he had been searching for weeks. Nathan, on the other hand, found a missing puzzle piece buried under a stack of papers. The boys couldn’t contain their excitement as they continued their search. As they explored the room, they stumbled upon forgotten treasures, like a shiny rock, a long-lost action figure, and a secret stash of candies. Each discovery brought laughter and joy, making the cleaning process more enjoyable than they had ever imagined. Slowly but surely, the room began to look tidier. Father watched with delight as his plan unfolded. He saw her boys working together, helping each other find hidden gems, and laughing along the way. With each item they found, Tom and Nathan grew more motivated. After what seemed like hours of searching and cleaning, the boys finally declared their search complete. The room was now tidy, and their treasures were proudly displayed on the shelves. Mom entered the room, amazed at the transformation. As promised, Mom let the boys choose their favorite dessert for the night. They happily enjoyed their treats, savoring the victory that came from working together and turning a ordinary task into a memorable experience. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了玛莎和她的丈夫杰夫在乡下有一所漂亮的房子，但他们的孩子汤姆和内森总是不喜欢打扫房间。最后经过打扫，房间变得整洁，清理过程也比他们想象的更愉快。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们先拿起玩具，把它们放进各自的盒子里”可知，第一段可描写他们打扫的经过以及感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“慢慢地但肯定地，房间开始看起来更整洁了”可知，第二段可描写房间打扫整洁，他们也有了一次难忘的经历。 2.续写线索：开始整理——发现丢失的物品——带来快乐——房间整洁——得到奖励——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 抑制：contain /hold back 寻找：search for/look for 展示：display/show 情绪类 惊讶：amazed /surprised 快乐：joy /happiness 【点睛】[高分句型1] Tom started rummaging through a pile of clothes and discovered an old comic book that he had been searching for weeks. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] Each discovery brought laughter and joy, making the cleaning process more enjoyable than they had ever imagined. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一（下）期末测试 英语 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） A The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) research internship program provides the opportunity for graduate students or 3rd/4th year undergraduate students to participate in research projects to gain valuable experience on a variety of cutting-edge research at USTC. Program Benefits ·Enhance research capability in state-of-the-art labs under the guidance of professors at USTC. ·Have a competitive edge in application for Master's, PhD. and post-doctoral programs at USTC by developing relationships with faculty and students. ·Apply for free Chinese language and culture class to learn basic Chinese language and explore unique Hui culture. Application Qualification 1. Good command of English. 2. Non-Chinese citizens with a foreign passport. 3. Currently enrolled full-time students in undergraduate Year 3/4, Master’s, or doctoral programs. Cost ·Tuition: 2,100 RMB (≈304 USD) per month (undergraduate student or master student).2,600 RMB (≈377 USD) per month (PhD student). • Student dormitory: 500-1,000 RMB (≈73-146 USD) per month depending on room type and size. ●Insurance: 160 RMB (≈23 USD) per month. Scholarship USTC offers limited scholarships to outstanding students. All applicants will be evaluated. USTC Fellowship Level A 1. free tuition 2.comprehensive medical insurance 3. free university dormitory 4. grant: 2,500 RMB (≈392 USD)/ month (Bachelor) 3,000 RMB (≈470 USD)/ month (Master) 3,500 RMB (≈550 USD)/ month (PhD) Level B 1. free tuition 2. comprehensive medical insurance Level C free tuition 1. Why might international students be interested in the free classes provided by the program? A. They can get help from USTC professors in the classes. B. They can gain a competitive edge for post-doctoral programs. C. They can learn basic Chinese and know about Hui culture. D. They can use the lab resources after finishing the classes. 2. Who is qualified for this research internship program? A. Chinese Year 2 undergraduates with fluent English. B. Chinese post-doctoral researchers with good grades. C. Part-time foreign PhD students with proficient English. D. Full-time English Master’s students with a foreign passport. 3. How much does a Fellowship Level B student pay at least? A. 23 USD/month. B. 73 USD/month. C. 146 USD/month. D. 304 USD/month. B Last summer, I volunteered at a small woodworking studio in the old part of our city. It was there that I met Mr. Chen, a 58-year-old master craftsman whose hands told stories of decades working with wood. While his workshop was filled with traditional tools, what he created was anything but conventional wooden furniture that perfectly blended classic craftsmanship with contemporary design. What struck me most was Mr. Chen’s unique perspective on what he called “new-era craftsmanship.” Though he learned woodworking from his father as a teenager, he never confined himself to old methods. Recognizing the changing preferences of younger customers, he spent evenings teaching himself 3D modeling software and weekends researching sustainable materials like bamboo composites and water-based finishes. I witnessed his innovative approach firsthand when a young couple asked for a custom bookshelf for their small apartment. They needed something space-efficient, eco-friendly, and easy to tear apart for potential moves. Mr. Chen embraced the challenge enthusiastically. Over the next week, he created multiple digital prototypes, experimented with three different types of wood, and reinvented traditional techniques to create interlocking joints that required no metal fasteners. I often found him working late, his experienced hands carefully testing each component. When I asked why he invested such extraordinary effort into what seemed like a simple project, he paused from his work and smiled. “True craftsmanship isn’t about blindly repeating what our ancestors did,” he explained. “It’s about understanding the essence of tradition while having the courage to adapt it for today’s world.” To illustrate his point, he showed me two bookshelves — one he made twenty years ago, beautiful in its solid construction, and the new prototype, which used thirty percent less material while being equally steady and more functional for modern living. Through Mr. Chen’s example, I came to understand that new-era craftsmanship represents the perfect marriage of dedication and innovation. It honors the past while embracing the future, proving that excellence comes not from doing one thing forever, but from doing it well with an ever-evolving spirit. 4. Traditional tools are mentioned in Paragraph1 to _______. A. stress Mr. Chen’s source of inspiration B. highlight the wisdom of past generations C. promote the spirit of traditional craftsmanship D. contrast with Mr.Chen’s modern and creative ideas 5. Why does the author list specific requests from the young couple? A. To display the shift of traditional craftsmanship. B. To reveal the challenges facing today’s craftsmen. C. To imply the need for craftsmen to go with the times. D. To distinguish modern approaches from traditional ones. 6. What does “true craftsmanship” mean in Mr. Chen’s viewpoint? A. Creating resource-efficient products. B. Persisting through testing and effort. C. Adapting traditional wisdom for modern use. D. Combining digital and traditional techniques. 7. What does Mr. Chen’s story show? A. The best of both worlds. B. Two sides of a coin. C. If it isn’t broken, don’t fix it. D. What is new is not always better. C Travellers have long feared being swallowed into the peatlands (泥炭地): “If his foot slips ... it is possible he may never more be heard of,” described William Gilpin in 1772. But now the image of this ecosystem finally turns a corner. UNESCO has recognized the Flow Country as a world heritage (遗产) site-the first peatland to make the list-due to its natural characteristics: the remarkable variety of plants and animals that live there. It’s also recognized that these peatlands are not humankind’s enemy but an important partner in the fight against climate crisis. Peat has formed in the Flow Country for 8,000 years, trapping carbon. It’s vital this carbon stays to avoid further global heating. The Flow Country was chosen for its natural heritage not cultural significance, which comes as a welcome contrast to the vast majority of the UK’s other world heritage sites. Prioritising culture might make sense for places like Stonehenge or Durham Cathedral, but the Lake District? Not so much. The Lake District National Park is remarkable for its natural geography: deep valleys, uneven peaks and icy lakes. People have long shaped the area, but their impact is just a thin layer on a remarkably splendid landscape. Yet, when the park gained world heritage status in 2017, it was largely upon the basis of its relatively recent tradition of sheep farming. The decision reflected how the English perceive the natural world. But the recognition of the Flow Country looks even more profound. It represents a change not only in our perception of peatlands but of nature itself. Unlike the Lake District, it prioritises not sheep, but moss (苔藓). This approach aligns with the growing movement to recognise the rights of nature: to reframe the natural world as something more than a collection of raw materials. None of that is to ignore humans’ role in the Flow Country but we should recognize that no landscape in the UK can be considered in isolation from its culture, while also remembering that the human story never unfolds alone. 8. Why does the author quote William Gilpin in paragraph 1? A. To illustrate the author’s point. B. To give a scientific explanation. C. To provide historical background. D. To present a common partial view. 9. For what was the Flow Country recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site? A. Climate benefit and natural value. B. Beautiful scenery and conservation efforts. C. Geographical uniqueness and rare species. D. Educational significance and cultural value. 10. What does the underlined phrase “aligns with” in paragraph 4 mean? A. addresses. B. matches. C. Challenges. D. Outweighs. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. The formation of the Flow Country. B. The recognition of the Lake District. C. The long-overdue respect for peatlands. D. The conservation difficulties of peatlands. D Much has been discussed about how modern lifestyles lead to insufficient sleep, unlike our ancestors who lived in simpler times. However, an analysis of 54 global sleep studies reveals that individuals in small, non-industrial societies actually sleep less than those in more industrialized regions. “Everyone I speak to in Canada and the US complains about poor sleep,” says Leela McKinnon from the University of Toronto Mississauga. “But the data doesn’t support that.” It is commonly believed that the rise of devices like smartphones has resulted in reduced sleep — often referred to as a sleep-loss epidemic. Yet, many studies reporting a decline in sleep duration rely on self-reported data, which is an unreliable measure. Research using more reliable methods, such as activity monitors or brainwave tracking, has not indicated a decrease in sleep over recent decades. For instance, a 2023 review of 168 studies found no significant drop in sleep duration over the past 50 years. However, these studies primarily focused on industrialized nations, leaving the question of whether sleep patterns were different before industrialization unanswered. The availability of wrist-based activity monitors made it easier to study sleep in non-industrial societies. Such studies have revealed short sleep durations. For instance, among hunter-gatherers, the San peoples in southern Africa sleep for 6.7 hours a night on average. McKinnon and her colleague David Samson, also from the University of Toronto Mississauga, have participated in several relevant studies. They compared sleep habits in industrialized nations — like the US and Australia — with those in smaller, non-industrial communities, including local groups in the Amazon, Madagascar, and Tanna Island in the Pacific. Their analysis, the most comprehensive to date, involved direct measurements of sleep in 866 participants aged 18 and older with no serious health issues. They discovered that individuals in non-industrial societies averaged 6.4 hours of sleep, while those in industrial societies averaged 7.1 hours. Additionally, people in non-industrial societies were asleep for 74% of their time in bed, compared to 88% in industrialized areas, a concept known as sleep efficiency. Samson believes that people in industrialized societies sleep longer and better because their environment is more suitable for sleep. “We see that we’ve made some real gains in the safety and security of our sleep sites,” he says, “We no longer need to worry about rival groups or predators at night.” 12. What does Leela McKinnon think of sleep complaints? A. They are overstated by people. B. They are supported by data. C. They are unique to Canada. D. They are caused by smartphones. 13. How did the researchers conduct their research on people’s sleep habits? A. By collecting sleep data of different age groups. B. By interviewing participants about their sleep routines. C. By analyzing health problems of sleep-deficient people. D. By comparing sleep conditions of different societies. 14. Why do people in industrial societies sleep better? A. They sleep less but feel better. B. Their sleep technology is advanced. C. They are more used to short sleep. D. Their sleep environments are safer. 15. What is the passage mainly about? A. Research challenges beliefs about sleep. B. Technology greatly reduces sleep time. C. Industrialization worsens sleep quality. D. Non-industrial societies sleep better. The power of no: how to build strong, healthy boundaries No. A tiny, yet mighty word. To hear it can make us feel childlike; sheepish or in trouble. ____16____ In July, when the gymnast Simone. Biles withdrew from most of her Olympics. appearances, citing emotional exhaustion that was affecting her ability to perform, her “no” was absolutely unexpected. ____17____ White, male sports experts used the word “selfish”. It was a similar story when the tennis player Naomi Osaka withdrew from the French Open in May, speaking of “long bouts（发作）of depression” and “huge waves of anxiety” before her pre-and post-match press conferences. For both women, after a lifetime of intensive training, in the world’s gaze, the risks of saying no were huge. ____18____ A superstar athlete such as Biles pulling away from the most honored sporting event in the world to prioritize her state of mind felt culturally influential, yet remarkably simple. ____19____ ____20____ According to Steve Magness, an Olympic athletics coach and performance scientist, “You spend years building towards a moment and have external pressure coming at you which transforms into unbelievable internal pressure. I don’t think the everyday person understands that.” Magness has spent a decade researching toughness, namely, our “deep misunderstanding” of what it really means. “The easy dec. was to push onwards no matter what. You can always defend ‘trying’. The hard decision was to say no.” A. Reactions were largely supportive, but opinions were divided along political lines in the US. B. The Olympic games are emotionally exhausting. C. For good mental health, focusing on our own toughness is crucial D. How does it make you feel to say “no”? Strong? Nervous? Guilty? E. When we find it difficult to say ‘no’ at work or at home, our responsibilities can quickly become overwhelming. F. But the message was that they were removing themselves from systems that might not protect them. G. Why shouldn’t she put others’ expectations second if feeling completely overwhelmed? 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Li Jia returned to her hometown in the remote mountains last summer, only to find the once-thriving bamboo weaving industry on the edge of ____21____. The old workshops, where her grandfather once spent decades perfecting his ____22____, now stood empty, their wooden frames covered in dust. The familiar sound of bamboo strips being split — once a constant backdrop to village life — had fallen silent. When she asked Uncle Wang, the last remaining master weaver in the village, why no young people wanted to learn the craft, he sighed heavily. “Bamboo weaving takes at least five years to master, and the pay is ____23____ compared to factory jobs in the city. Young folks are in too much of a hurry to ____24____ the patience it requires. They’d rather work overtime for quick money than sit for hours splitting bamboo into thin, even strips.” His words left Li Jia with a deep sense of ____25____; she remembered watching her grandfather weave baskets as a child, his hands moving with effortless ____26____, turning raw bamboo into works of art. Determined to ____27____ the tradition from fading away, Li Jia quit her office job in the city and moved back home. She started by documenting Uncle Wang’s weaving process — taking hundreds of photos and videos, ____28____ every detail of how he softened bamboo in boiling water, split it with a bamboo knife, and wove the strips into delicate baskets and mats. At first, her efforts were met with ____29____. Some villagers joked that she was “chasing ghosts of the past,” while others doubted a young woman could ever ____30____ such a complex craft. But Li Jia didn’t let the doubt stop her. She set up an online shop, where she sold the pieces Uncle Wang made, and used the profits to ____31____ high-quality bamboo for him. She also created short videos about bamboo weaving, sharing the stories behind each piece — how a basket’s pattern was inspired by mountain clouds, or how a mat’s color reflected the village’s autumn foliage. To her surprise, the videos went viral, attracting thousands of views from people ____32____ in traditional crafts. Slowly, Li Jia’s work ____33____. More young people in the village began to gather around Uncle Wang’s workshop, asking to learn. She even organized workshops in nearby cities, where she taught urban residents the basics of bamboo weaving. “It’s not just about making baskets,” Li Jia told a reporter during an interview. “It’s about keeping our ancestors’ wisdom ____34____ — a way to let the world know that our small village has something precious to ____35____.” Today, the sound of splitting bamboo has returned to the village. And for Li Jia, that sound is more than just noise — it’s the sound of tradition coming back to life. 21. A. disappearance B. emergence C. survival D. growth 22. A. skill B. craft C. technique D. hobby 23. A. generous B. flexible C. meager D. stable 24. A. develop B. abandon C. ignore D. test 25. A. pride B. relief C. regret D. urgency 26. A. caution B. clumsiness C. precision D. hesitation 27. A. rescue B. prevent C. ban D. separate 28. A. skipping B. capturing C. modifying D. hiding 29. A. enthusiasm B. skepticism C. approval D. curiosity 30. A. master B. invent C. reform D. promote 31. A. donate B. store C. purchase D. export 32. A. experienced B. absorbed C. successful D. interested 33. A. faded B. spread C. paid off D. broke down 34. A. alive B. secret C. safe D. hidden 35. A. protect B. offer C. gain D. inherit 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Silk Road, covering vast distances and an astonishing ____36____ (vary) of landscapes, was a network of ancient trade routes from East Asia to the Mediterranean. A crucial section of the network is the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____37____ (stretch) through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. The three countries successfully pursued the route’s status in UNESCO World Heritage. The Silk Road began to develop in the 2nd century BCE when Zhang Qian, the ambassador assigned by the emperor, ____38____ (journey) from Chang’an to Central Asia. Different ways ____39____ (seek) by Zhang Qian to build bridges between the major powers of the time, ____40____ the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. ____41____ (initial), silk was the main item exported along the network ____42____ its weight was light and its value was high. Apart from trade exchange, the network was employed to exchange cultures, ____43____ shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and other areas in societies along the network. These amazingly long routes achieved a ____44____ (share) development by connecting Eastern and Western civilizations. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan Corridor ____45____ the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Road as a crucial part of mankind’s common heritage. 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46. 学校英文报正在开展以“How Often Meals Are Skipped”为题的调查，结果显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意： 1. 词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 How Often Meals Are Skipped ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Martha and her husband Jeff had a fancy house in the countryside, where they spent almost every summer together with their boys Tom and Nathan. Tom was 10 and Nathan was 8,the two of whom were closely bonded, unlike some other siblings who would often fight over small things. Except for one thing, cleaning! One sunny morning, Martha called out to her children,“ Tom and Nathan, it’s time to clean your room!” The kids sighed deeply. Cleaning their room was always a chore they disliked. Unwillingly, Tom and Nathan made their way to their messy room. Toys were scattered all over the floor, clothes were piled up on chairs, and books were haphazardly (随意的) piled on the shelves. It was a complete mess! Mom entered,“ Oh, my! This room is a disaster zone! We need to work together to clean it up.” Tom and Nathan exchanged looks, clearly not pleased with the task at hand. They had a history of arguing, especially when it came to cleaning their room. Mom, sensing their unwillingness, reminded the kids,” A clean room not only look snice but also helps us find things easily. It’s important to take care of our belongings and keep our surroundings clean.” The boys didn’t respond, seemingly thinking about something. Jeff, who was passing by, overheard the dialogue and decided to lend a hand. He decided to take a different approach. He said, “I understand that cleaning can be boring, but what if we turn it into a fun challenge? Let’s see who can find the most interesting item hidden in this messy room. The winner gets to choose what we have for dessert tonight!” Tom and Nathan’s eyes lit up with excitement. They loved a good challenge, especially when there was a delicious reward involved. They eagerly accepted their father’s proposal and began searching for hidden treasures. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 They started by picking up the toys and organizing them into respective boxes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Slowly but surely, the rom began to look tidier. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $