Unit 4·Amazing Plants and Animals 预习讲练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 八上暑假衔接单元预习讲练，围绕“奇妙动植物与自然生态”主题，整合核心词汇（如ecosystem、communicate）、形容词副词最高级语法及阅读写作，通过真实情境（如蜜蜂授粉、竹子文化）培养语言能力与文化意识，适配暑假预习巩固需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |信息提取与改写|多题量|最高级句型（the+最高级、one of+最高级）|结合对话/短文（蓝鲸、猎豹）设计表格填空与句型转换，强化语法应用| |词汇讲练|15词详解|核心词汇（subject、tool等）|配教材例句、易错提醒及典例即练，注重词汇辨析与语境运用| |阅读理解|2篇10题|生态关联（如蜜蜂与植物）|选取“蜜蜂重要性”“蚂蚁生态作用”文本，设True/False及细节题，提升信息提取能力| |写作|1题|最高级描述与主题表达|以“An Amazing Plant/Animal”为题，提供思维导图与句型库，要求用3处最高级及8个单元词汇，融合语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 4 · Amazing Plants and Animals 预习讲练 （八上·暑假衔接） 【答案解析版】 本解析版仅供教师参考及学生自主学习使用，完整词汇表见原卷版。 学习目标 1. 掌握与动植物和自然生态相关的核心词汇，如 subject, tool, appear, popular, connect, imagine, store, communicate, ecosystem, environment 等； 2. 正确运用形容词和副词的最高级形式（Superlatives）进行三者或三者以上的比较； 3. 掌握 the + 最高级、one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词、动词 + (the) 最高级 等最高级常用句型； 4. 能阅读与奇妙动植物和人与自然关系相关的短文，提取关键信息并完成相关练习； 5. 能用最高级描述奇妙的动植物，表达"人与自然紧密相连"的主题。 单元知识地图 Section A · Pre-reading & Task Conversation 1 (1b & 1c) Emma: Hi, Yaming. What are you doing? Yaming: Hi, Emma. I'm starting a test on animals and plants. Emma: Sounds fun. Let's take it together. Yaming: OK. First question. What's the largest animal in the world? Emma: It's the blue whale, right? Yaming: Right. It's also the heaviest animal on earth. Next question. Which animal runs the fastest? Emma: Oh wait! I just read about it. The cheetah runs the fastest. Yaming: Right again! And I think it's the most beautiful animal in the world. Emma: I completely agree with you. Conversation 2 (1b & 1c continued) Yaming: Now let's answer the questions about plants. What is the oldest plant in the world? Emma: Hmm, I'm not sure. Do you have any idea? Yaming: Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago ... Oh, look here. I'm correct! Emma: Interesting! Let's go on! Yaming: Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world? Emma: The redwood tree, right? Yaming: Yes! I hope I can see some one day. Conversation 3 (2a & 2d) Ella: Oh, what's that, Chen Jie? It's so beautiful! Chen Jie: Thanks. It's a folding fan. I bought it last year. Ella: Oh! It has a painting of bamboo on it. Chen Jie: Yeah. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. Ella: I didn't know that before. So, where did you get that fan? Chen Jie: At the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. Ella: Really? Like what? Chen Jie: Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. Also, it's one of the most useful plants in the world. People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. Ella: Oh, that's interesting. I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too, right? Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious. Task 1: Information Extraction — Complete the tables. Table A: Amazing Plants and Animals Plant/Animal What is amazing about it? Superlative(s) blue whale It is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. largest, heaviest cheetah It runs the fastest among all land animals. It is also the most beautiful animal. fastest, most beautiful moss It is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago. oldest redwood tree It is the tallest tree in the world. tallest Table B: Amazing Bamboo Aspect Information Bamboo in Chinese paintings one of the most popular subjects Symbol a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture Bamboo Sea in Sichuan the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China Growth speed one of the fastest-growing plants; some can grow almost one metre in one day Usefulness one of the most useful plants in the world Uses build houses; make tools and instruments Food pandas eat bamboo; people eat bamboo shoots Task 2: Rewrite the sentences using the superlative form. 1. The blue whale is larger and heavier than any other animal in the world. → The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. 【解析】比较级→最高级：larger and heavier than any other → the largest and heaviest。 2. No other land animal runs faster than the cheetah. → The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 【解析】No other...faster than → the fastest among all。among all land animals 表示范围。 3. Very few plants on earth are older than moss. → Moss is one of the oldest plants on earth. 【解析】Very few...are older than → one of the oldest。one of + 最高级 + 复数名词。 4. Bamboo is more useful than most other plants in the world. → Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. 【解析】more useful than most other → one of the most useful。one of 后接复数名词 plants。 5. The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is larger and older than any other bamboo forest in China. → The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. 【解析】larger and older than any other → the largest and oldest。最高级前加 the。 Section A 核心词汇详解 【词汇1】subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 主题；学科；科目 教材例句： Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. ——竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 核心搭配： · a popular subject 一个受欢迎的主题/学科 —— Maths is a popular subject at school. 数学是学校里的热门学科。 · change the subject 改变话题 —— Let's change the subject and talk about something else. 我们换个话题，聊聊别的吧。 · on the subject of... 关于……的话题 —— He wrote a book on the subject of wildlife. 他写了一本关于野生动物的书。 ⚠ 易错提醒： subject 作"学科"讲时，是可数名词；作"主题"讲时，常用单数。注意与 topic（话题）的区别：subject 更正式，topic 更口语化。 【典例】 ( B ) In today's meeting, we will talk about three different __________. The first one is about our school trip next month. A. instruments   B. subjects   C. planets   D. shoots 【解析】句意：在今天的会议上，我们将讨论三个不同的主题。subject 意为"主题；话题"，three different subjects 表示"三个不同的主题"，符合语境。A. instruments 意为"乐器"，不能与 talk about 搭配讨论；C. planets 意为"行星"，不符合会议语境；D. shoots 意为"嫩芽"，与讨论内容无关。故选 B。 【即练1】 ( B ) —What's your favourite __________ at school? —I love science most because it helps me understand how the world works. A. instrument   B. subject   C. tool   D. planet 【解析】句意：你最喜欢的学校__________是什么？本题考查名词词义辨析。答语中的"science"提示问的是学科。favourite subject 意为"最喜欢的学科"。A. instrument 意为"乐器；工具"，C. tool 意为"工具"，D. planet 意为"行星"，均不能与 science 构成对应。故选 B。 【即练2】 The artist chose flowers and birds as the main subjects of his new paintings. (用 subject 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：画家选择了花和鸟作为他新画作的主要主题。the main subjects of his paintings 意为"画作的主要主题"，subject 在此意为"主题"，用复数形式 subjects。 【词汇2】tool /tuːl/ n. 工具 教材例句： People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. ——人们可以用它来盖房子、制作工具和乐器。 核心搭配： · make tools 制造工具 —— Early humans used stones to make tools. 早期人类用石头制作工具。 · a useful tool 一个有用的工具 —— The dictionary is a useful tool for learning English. 词典是学习英语的有用工具。 · communication tool 通讯工具 —— The Internet is an important communication tool. 互联网是重要的通讯工具。 ⚠ 易错提醒： tool 指"工具"，强调用于制作或修理东西的器具。注意与 instrument（精密器械/乐器）区分：tool 更侧重手工和劳动工具。 【典例】 ( B ) Early humans were very clever. They learned to make __________ from stones and wood to help them hunt and build shelters. A. subjects   B. tools   C. planets   D. shoots 【解析】句意：早期人类学会了用石头和木头制作工具。make tools from stones and wood 意为"用石头和木头制作工具"，符合早期人类语境。A. subjects 主题，C. planets 行星，D. shoots 嫩芽，均不能与"用石头和木头制作"搭配。故选 B。 【即练1】 ( C ) Bamboo is so useful that people can make furniture, houses, and even musical __________ from it. A. subjects   B. tools   C. instruments   D. planets 【解析】句意：竹子如此有用，人们可以用它制作家具、房屋，甚至乐器。musical instruments 意为"乐器"，flutes 是乐器的一种。A. subjects 意为"主题；学科"，B. tools 意为"工具"，D. planets 意为"行星"，均不能与 musical 搭配。故选 C。 【即练2】 A good dictionary is an essential tool for anyone who wants to learn a new language well. (用 tool 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：对任何想学好一门新语言的人来说，一本好词典是必不可少的工具。an essential tool 意为"必不可少的工具"，dictionary 是一种学习工具。 【词汇3】appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现 教材例句： It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago. ——它大约在4.7亿年前出现在地球上。 核心搭配： · appear on earth 出现在地球上 —— Moss appeared on earth millions of years ago. 苔藓在数百万年前出现在地球上。 · appear in... 出现在……中 —— Bamboo often appears in Chinese paintings. 竹子经常出现在中国画中。 · disappear (反义词) 消失 —— Many species are disappearing because of pollution. 许多物种因污染正在消失。 ⚠ 易错提醒： appear 是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语。过去式为 appeared。注意区分 appear（出现）与 appear（似乎）：He appears to be very happy. 他似乎很开心。 【典例】 ( B ) After the rain stopped, a beautiful rainbow __________ in the sky, and everyone stopped to take photos. A. imagined   B. appeared   C. stored   D. communicated 【解析】句意：一道美丽的彩虹出现在天空中。appear in the sky 意为"出现在天空中"，描述彩虹出现的场景。A. imagined 意为"想象"，C. stored 意为"储存"，D. communicated 意为"交流"，均不能用于描述"彩虹出现"的动作。故选 B。 【即练1】 ( B ) Some flowers only __________ at night and close up when the sun comes out in the morning. A. imagined   B. appeared   C. connected   D. stored 【解析】句意：一些花只在夜间开放，早上太阳出来时就合上。appear at night 意为"在夜间出现/开放"，描述花的开花习性。A. imagined 想象，C. connected 连接，D. stored 储存，均不能描述"花开"的动作。故选 B。 【即练2】 Scientists were surprised when a new kind of frog appeared in the rainforest last year. (用 appear 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：科学家们很惊讶，去年热带雨林中出现了一种新的青蛙。last year 提示用过去式，appear 的过去式为 appeared。 【词汇4】popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 教材例句： Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. ——竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 核心搭配： · be popular with/among... 受……欢迎 —— This singer is very popular with young people. 这位歌手很受年轻人欢迎。 · a popular choice 一个受欢迎的选择 —— The red dress was the most popular choice. 红裙子是最受欢迎的选择。 · population n. 人口；种群数量 —— The population of this city is over 10 million. 这个城市的人口超过一千万。 ⚠ 易错提醒： popular 的比较级是 more popular，最高级是 most popular。注意搭配介词：be popular with sb（受某人欢迎），不是 be popular to sb。population 是名词形式，注意不要与 popular 混淆。 【典例】 ( C ) Mobile payment is very __________ in China. Almost everyone uses it nowadays. A. common   B. ancient   C. popular   D. heavy 【解析】句意：手机支付在中国非常流行。popular 意为"流行的；受欢迎的"，符合"几乎人人使用"的语境。A. common 意为"常见的"，强调频率高但不一定"受喜爱"；B. ancient 意为"古老的"，与手机支付矛盾；D. heavy 意为"重的"，完全不符合。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( C ) The library is very __________ with students after school. They go there to read, study, and do homework together. A. ancient   B. common   C. popular   D. useful 【解析】句意：图书馆在放学后很受学生欢迎。popular with students 意为"受学生欢迎"，后文"他们去那里读书、学习"也说明图书馆受欢迎。A. ancient 意为"古老的"，B. common 意为"常见的"，D. useful 意为"有用的"，均不如 popular with 贴合语境。故选 C。 【即练2】 The population of bees is dropping fast, and this worries scientists around the world. (用 popular 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：蜜蜂的种群数量正在快速下降，这让全世界的科学家很担忧。the population of bees 意为"蜜蜂的数量/种群"，population 是 popular 的同根名词形式。 【词汇5】common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普通的；共同的 教材例句： The ginkgo tree is one of the most common trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. ——银杏树是中国街道、公园和花园中最常见的树木之一。 核心搭配： · a common plant 一种常见的植物 —— Dandelions are a common plant in many countries. 蒲公英在许多国家都很常见。 · have...in common 有共同之处 —— The twins have a lot in common. 这对双胞胎有很多共同之处。 · common sense 常识 —— It's common sense to wear a coat in winter. 冬天穿外套是常识。 ⚠ 易错提醒： common 的比较级是 more common，最高级是 most common。注意 common 与 ordinary 的区别：common 强调"常见"，ordinary 强调"平凡、普通"。 【典例】 ( C ) Although they look very different, the two sisters actually have a lot in __________. Both love art, enjoy reading, and prefer quiet weekends. A. culture   B. ecosystem   C. common   D. planet 【解析】句意：两姐妹实际上有很多共同之处。have a lot in common 是固定搭配，意为"有很多共同之处"。后文列举的共同爱好也印证了这一点。A. culture 文化，B. ecosystem 生态系统，D. planet 星球，均不能与 have...in 构成固定搭配。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( B ) It is quite __________ to see sparrows in parks. They are everywhere, hopping around looking for food. A. ancient   B. common   C. popular   D. heavy 【解析】句意：在公园里看到麻雀是很常见的。common 意为"常见的"，后文"They are everywhere"也说明麻雀很常见。A. ancient 古老的，C. popular 受欢迎的，D. heavy 重的，均不符合"随处可见"的语境。故选 B。 【即练2】 Although they come from different cultures, they found they had a lot in common. (用 common 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：虽然他们来自不同文化，但他们发现彼此有很多共同之处。have a lot in common 是固定搭配，in common 意为"共同的"。common 在此是名词用法，不加 s。 【词汇6】instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ n. 乐器；工具；器械 教材例句： People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. ——人们可以用它来盖房子、制作工具和乐器。 核心搭配： · a musical instrument 乐器 —— The piano is my favourite musical instrument. 钢琴是我最喜欢的乐器。 · play an instrument 演奏乐器 —— Can you play any musical instrument? 你会演奏什么乐器吗？ · scientific instrument 科学仪器 —— The laboratory is full of scientific instruments. 实验室里满是科学仪器。 ⚠ 易错提醒： instrument 作"乐器"讲时，通常指 musical instrument。注意区分 instrument（精密工具/乐器）和 tool（普通手工工具）。 【典例】 ( C ) The flute is one of the oldest musical __________ in the world. It has been played for thousands of years in many different cultures. A. subjects   B. symbols   C. instruments   D. planets 【解析】句意：长笛是世界上最古老的乐器之一。musical instruments 意为"乐器"，flute 是乐器的一种。A. subjects 主题，B. symbols 象征，D. planets 行星，均不能与 musical 搭配。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( C ) Bamboo can be used to make furniture, tools, and even musical __________ like flutes and drums. A. subjects   B. symbols   C. instruments   D. planets 【解析】句意：竹子可用于制作家具、工具，甚至像长笛和鼓这样的乐器。musical instruments 意为"乐器"，flutes and drums 是乐器的例子。A. subjects 意为"主题；学科"，B. symbols 意为"象征"，D. planets 意为"行星"，均不能与 musical 搭配。故选 C。 【即练2】 Learning to play a musical instrument takes time and patience. (用 instrument 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：学会演奏一种乐器需要时间和耐心。a musical instrument 意为"一种乐器"，instrument 用单数形式。 【词汇7】shoot /ʃuːt/ n. 嫩芽；嫩枝；幼苗 教材例句： Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious. ——其实我们也吃竹笋。它们真的很美味。 核心搭配： · bamboo shoots 竹笋 —— Bamboo shoots are a popular vegetable in many Asian countries. 竹笋在许多亚洲国家是很受欢迎的蔬菜。 · new shoots 新芽 —— In spring, new shoots appear on the trees. 春天，树上冒出新的嫩芽。 · shoot (v.) 射击；拍摄 —— They are going to shoot a film in the forest. 他们要在森林里拍摄一部电影。 ⚠ 易错提醒： shoot 作名词意为"嫩芽/嫩枝"（可数），bamboo shoots 是固定搭配。shoot 作动词意为"射击；拍摄"，过去式 shot。 【典例】 ( B ) After the spring rain, tiny green __________ began to come out of the ground. In a few weeks, they would grow into tall sunflowers. A. subjects   B. shoots   C. instruments   D. symbols 【解析】句意：春雨过后，小小的绿色嫩芽开始从土里冒出来。shoots 意为"嫩芽；幼苗"，描述春天新芽破土而出的场景。A. subjects 主题，C. instruments 乐器，D. symbols 象征，均不能描述"从土里冒出来"的植物。故选 B。 【即练1】 ( B ) In spring, you can see tiny green __________ coming out of the ground. They will soon grow into beautiful flowers and tall grasses. A. subjects   B. shoots   C. instruments   D. tools 【解析】句意：春天你可以看到小小的绿芽从土里冒出来。shoots 意为"嫩芽"，与"grow into beautiful flowers"形成前后逻辑。A. subjects 主题，C. instruments 乐器，D. tools 工具，均不能从土里长出并开花。故选 B。 【即练2】 Bamboo shoots are a traditional food in many parts of China. (用 shoot 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：竹笋是中国许多地方的传统食物。bamboo shoots 是固定短语，意为"竹笋"，shoot 用复数形式。 Section B · Pre-reading & Task We Can't Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. Bees need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. Task 3: True or False ( T ) 1. If there were no bees, about 80% of the plants in the world could not grow. ( F ) 2. Bees are lazy animals that only visit a few flowers each day. ( F ) 3. Bees communicate by making loud sounds to tell others where food is. ( T ) 4. Bees create honeycombs to store honey. ( F ) 5. The number of bees is increasing, and scientists are very happy about it. Task 4: Read and answer the questions. 1. According to the text, what is the greatest work of bees? Pollination. / Their greatest work is pollination. 2. Why do many scientists believe bees are the most important animals on this planet? Because without bees, about 80% of the plants in the world cannot grow. 3. How do bees communicate with each other when they find new food? They use a dance. / By dancing. 4. What does the writer want us to do at the end of the text? The writer wants us to think about what we can do to protect bees. Section B 核心词汇详解 【词汇8】connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接；联系；把……联系起来 教材例句： At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. ——此刻你意识到人、植物和动物都是相互联系的。 核心搭配： · connect...with/to... 把……与……连接 —— The bridge connects the island with the mainland. 这座桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。 · be connected with... 与……有联系 —— His research is connected with climate change. 他的研究与气候变化有关。 · connection n. 联系；连接 —— There is a strong connection between diet and health. 饮食和健康之间有很强的联系。 ⚠ 易错提醒： connect 后接介词 with 或 to 均可，但 connect...with 更强调"关联"，connect...to 更强调"物理连接"。名词形式是 connection。 【典例】 ( C ) Scientists have found that air pollution is closely __________ with the disappearance of bees. When the air gets worse, bee numbers drop quickly. A. dropped   B. stored   C. connected   D. protected 【解析】句意：空气污染与蜜蜂的消失密切相关。be connected with 意为"与……有联系"，描述两件事之间的关联。A. dropped 意为"下降"，B. stored 意为"储存"，D. protected 意为"保护"，均不能与 is...with 构成被动结构表示"有关联"。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( C ) The Internet __________ people from all over the world, making it possible to share ideas and cultures instantly. A. drops   B. stores   C. connects   D. protects 【解析】句意：互联网把世界各地的人们联系在一起。connect people from all over the world 意为"连接世界各地的人"，符合互联网的功能。A. drops 下降，B. stores 储存，D. protects 保护，均不能描述互联网对人的作用。故选 C。 【即练2】 Bees are one of the best examples of the connection between plants, animals, and people. (用 connect 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：蜜蜂是植物、动物和人类之间联系的最佳例证之一。the connection between...and... 意为"……与……之间的联系"，connect 的名词形式是 connection。 【词汇9】imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；设想 教材例句： Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. ——想象你去你所在地区的超市，但那里几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力。 核心搭配： · imagine doing sth 想象做某事 —— Can you imagine living on the moon? 你能想象在月球上生活吗？ · imagine + 从句 想象…… —— Imagine what life would be like without bees. 想象一下没有蜜蜂的生活会是什么样子。 · imagination n. 想象力 —— Children have rich imaginations. 孩子们有丰富的想象力。 ⚠ 易错提醒： imagine 后接动名词（doing），不能接不定式（to do）。imagine 后可直接接名词或从句。 【典例】 ( C ) Close your eyes and try to __________ you are flying over a beautiful green forest, with rivers and lakes shining below you. A. store   B. drop   C. imagine   D. communicate 【解析】句意：闭上眼睛，试着想象你正飞越一片美丽的绿色森林。imagine 意为"想象"，后接从句，符合"想象飞越森林"的语境。A. store 储存，B. drop 下降，D. communicate 交流，均不能与"飞越森林"的想象场景搭配。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( B ) Can you __________ a world without any plants or animals? It would be impossible for humans to survive. A. realize   B. imagine   C. protect   D. connect 【解析】句意：你能想象一个没有任何动植物的世界吗？imagine a world without... 意为"想象一个没有……的世界"，后文"不可能生存"说明这是一个想象的场景。A. realize 意识到，C. protect 保护，D. connect 连接，均不符合"设想不存在的情景"的语境。故选 B。 【即练2】 Try to imagine what our planet would look like if we took better care of the environment. (用 imagine 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：试着想象如果我们更好地保护环境，我们的星球会是什么样子。try to do 后接动词原形，imagine what...would look like 意为"想象……会是什么样子"。 【词汇10】store /stɔː(r)/ v. 储存；贮藏 n. 商店 教材例句： In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. ——为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢。 核心搭配： · store food/water 储存食物/水 —— Squirrels store nuts for the winter. 松鼠为过冬储存坚果。 · store information 存储信息 —— Computers can store large amounts of information. 计算机可以存储大量信息。 · in store for... 即将发生；等待着…… —— Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道未来会发生什么？ ⚠ 易错提醒： store 作动词意为"储存"，作名词意为"商店"（美式）。注意 store 与 keep 的区别：store 强调"储存备后用"，keep 强调"保存/保持"。 【典例】 ( C ) Before the cold winter comes, squirrels work hard to __________ enough nuts and seeds to last through the long months. A. communicate   B. connect   C. store   D. imagine 【解析】句意：在寒冷冬天到来之前，松鼠努力储存足够的坚果和种子。store enough nuts 意为"储存足够的坚果"，符合松鼠过冬的习性。A. communicate 交流，B. connect 连接，D. imagine 想象，均不能描述"为过冬做准备"的行为。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( B ) Bees __________ honey in their honeycombs so they have food during the winter when flowers are nowhere to be found. A. weigh   B. store   C. drop   D. imagine 【解析】句意：蜜蜂在蜂巢中储存蜂蜜，以便在冬天没有花的时候有食物。store honey in honeycombs 意为"在蜂巢中储存蜂蜜"，与教材原文一致。A. weigh 称重，C. drop 下降，D. imagine 想象，均不能描述蜜蜂在蜂巢中存蜜的行为。故选 B。 【即练2】 Before the long journey, travellers need to store enough food and water. (用 store 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：长途旅行前，旅行者需要储存足够的食物和水。need to do 后接动词原形，store enough food and water 意为"储存足够的食物和水"。 【词汇11】communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 沟通；交流；传达 教材例句： Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. ——蜜蜂的另一个有趣之处是它们如何沟通。 核心搭配： · communicate with sb 与某人交流 —— We can communicate with people around the world through the Internet. 我们可以通过互联网与世界各地的人交流。 · communicate ideas 传达想法 —— Art is a way to communicate ideas and feelings. 艺术是传达想法和情感的一种方式。 · communication n. 交流；沟通 —— Good communication is important in a team. 良好的沟通在团队中很重要。 ⚠ 易错提醒： communicate 是不及物动词，后接 with 表示"与……交流"。名词形式是 communication。注意拼写：communicate 中有两个 m。 【典例】 ( C ) Dolphins are very smart animals. They __________ with each other through a series of clicks and whistles that can travel for miles underwater. A. connect   B. imagine   C. communicate   D. protect 【解析】句意：海豚通过一系列咔嗒声和口哨声互相交流。communicate with each other 意为"互相交流"，后文"clicks and whistles"是交流的方式。A. connect 连接（后接 with 表示关联，但不如 communicate 表达"交流"准确），B. imagine 想象，D. protect 保护，均不能描述海豚之间的信息传递。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( C ) Ants __________ with each other by leaving chemical trails. It's one of the most amazing ways of communication in the insect world. A. connect   B. imagine   C. communicate   D. protect 【解析】句意：蚂蚁通过留下化学踪迹来互相交流。communicate with each other by... 意为"通过……互相交流"。后文"ways of communication"也提示本题填 communicate。A. connect 连接，B. imagine 想象，D. protect 保护，均不符合。故选 C。 【即练2】 In today's world, we can communicate with friends on the other side of the planet instantly. (用 communicate 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：在当今世界，我们可以即时与地球另一边的朋友交流。can 后接动词原形，communicate with friends 意为"与朋友交流"。 【词汇12】ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 教材例句： Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. ——蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要角色。 核心搭配： · a healthy ecosystem 健康的生态系统 —— A healthy ecosystem needs many different plants and animals. 一个健康的生态系统需要许多不同的动植物。 · the marine ecosystem 海洋生态系统 —— Coral reefs are an important part of the marine ecosystem. 珊瑚礁是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分。 · protect the ecosystem 保护生态系统 —— We must do more to protect the ecosystem. 我们必须做更多来保护生态系统。 ⚠ 易错提醒： ecosystem 是可数名词，由 eco-（生态）+ system（系统）构成。注意区分 ecosystem（生态系统）和 environment（环境）：ecosystem 强调生物与环境之间的互动关系。 【典例】 ( B ) Coral reefs are one of the most important parts of the ocean __________. They provide food and shelter for thousands of different sea creatures. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. instrument   D. culture 【解析】句意：珊瑚礁是海洋生态系统中最重要的部分之一。ocean ecosystem 意为"海洋生态系统"，后文"提供食物和住所"是对生态系统的描述。A. planet 星球（范围过大），C. instrument 乐器/工具（不相关），D. culture 文化（不相关），均不能准确描述珊瑚礁在海洋中的角色。故选 B。 【即练1】 ( B ) Every plant and animal plays a role in the __________. If one species disappears, it can affect the whole system. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. tool   D. shoot 【解析】句意：每种动植物都在生态系统中扮演角色。后文"affect the whole system"提示空格应填 ecosystem（生态系统），因为 system 与 ecosystem 形成呼应。A. planet 星球，C. tool 工具，D. shoot 嫩芽，均不能与"system"形成对应关系。故选 B。 【即练2】 Protecting the ecosystem means protecting all living things. (用 ecosystem 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：保护生态系统意味着保护所有生物。the ecosystem 在此为单数形式，表示整个生态系统。 【词汇13】protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 教材例句： Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. ——想一想你能做些什么来保护地球上最奇妙的动物之一。 核心搭配： · protect...from/against... 保护……免受…… —— We should protect our skin from the sun. 我们应该保护皮肤免受阳光伤害。 · protect the environment 保护环境 —— Everyone should do their part to protect the environment. 每个人都应该尽自己的一份力来保护环境。 · protection n. 保护 —— The trees provide protection from the wind. 树木提供了防风保护。 ⚠ 易错提醒： protect 后接 from 或 against 表示"保护……免受……"。注意 protect 是动词，名词形式是 protection。 【典例】 ( D ) Many countries have passed laws to __________ wild animals from being hunted. Without these laws, many species would have disappeared long ago. A. store   B. drop   C. connect   D. protect 【解析】句意：许多国家通过法律来保护野生动物免遭猎杀。protect...from being hunted 意为"保护……免遭猎杀"，符合"没有法律许多物种早就消失了"的逻辑。A. store 储存，B. drop 下降，C. connect 连接，均不能与 from being hunted 构成"保护……免受……"的含义。故选 D。 【即练1】 ( A ) We all need to do our part to __________ endangered animals like pandas, because once they are gone, they will never come back. A. protect   B. store   C. drop   D. connect 【解析】句意：我们都需要尽一份力来保护像熊猫这样的濒危动物。protect endangered animals 意为"保护濒危动物"，后文"一旦消失就再也回不来了"也说明需要保护。B. store 储存，C. drop 下降，D. connect 连接，均不能表达对濒危动物的保护行为。故选 A。 【即练2】 Sunscreen can help protect your skin from the harmful rays of the sun. 【解析】句意：防晒霜可以帮助保护你的皮肤免受阳光有害射线的伤害。protect...from... 是固定搭配，意为"保护……免受……"。help 后接动词原形 protect，from 接需要防护的对象。 【词汇14】drop /drɒp/ v. 下降；掉落；使落下 n. 滴 教材例句： However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. ——然而，蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们很担忧。 核心搭配： · drop by 下降了…… —— The temperature dropped by 10 degrees overnight. 气温一夜之间下降了10度。 · drop to 下降到…… —— The number of bees has dropped to a dangerous level. 蜜蜂的数量下降到了危险水平。 · a drop of water 一滴水 —— A drop of water fell on my hand. 一滴水落在了我的手上。 ⚠ 易错提醒： drop 作动词意为"下降；掉落"，过去式 dropped（双写 p）。drop 还可以表示"放弃"（drop a subject 放弃一门学科）。注意与 fall（落下）区分：drop 可以是及物动词（drop sth），fall 是不及物动词。 【典例】 ( D ) The temperature __________ sharply after the sun went down, so we had to put on warm jackets to stay comfortable. A. protected   B. connected   C. appeared   D. dropped 【解析】句意：太阳下山后气温急剧下降。drop sharply 意为"急剧下降"，描述气温骤降。后文"穿上暖和外套"也印证了降温。A. protected 保护，B. connected 连接，C. appeared 出现，均不能描述气温的变化趋势。故选 D。 【即练1】 ( C ) Scientists are worried because the number of wild tigers is __________ every year. If this continues, they may disappear forever. A. appearing   B. storing   C. dropping   D. protecting 【解析】句意：科学家担忧野生老虎的数量每年都在下降。drop every year 意为"每年都在下降"，后文"可能永远消失"也说明数量在减少。A. appearing 出现，B. storing 储存，D. protecting 保护，均与"数量减少"的逻辑相反或不符。故选 C。 【即练2】 The water level in the lake dropped so much during the dry season. (用 drop 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：湖水在旱季下降了很多。during the dry season 提示是过去发生的事情，用过去式 dropped（双写 p）。 【词汇15】planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 行星；地球（the planet） 教材例句： For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. ——因此，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物。 核心搭配： · on the planet 在地球上 —— The blue whale is the largest animal on the planet. 蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。 · save the planet 拯救地球 —— We need to act now to save the planet. 我们需要立刻行动来拯救地球。 · planets in the solar system 太阳系中的行星 —— There are eight planets in the solar system. 太阳系中有八颗行星。 ⚠ 易错提醒： the planet 常用来指"地球"，相当于 the earth。planet 是可数名词，复数 planets。注意区分 planet（行星）和 star（恒星）。 【典例】 ( C ) Scientists have discovered thousands of new species on our __________ in the past decade. Many of them live deep in the ocean, far from human eyes. A. subject   B. instrument   C. planet   D. symbol 【解析】句意：科学家在过去十年里在我们的星球上发现了数千种新物种。on our planet 意为"在我们的星球上"，指地球上。A. subject 主题，B. instrument 乐器，D. symbol 象征，均不能作为科学家发现新物种的场所。故选 C。 【即练1】 ( A ) The blue whale is not only the largest animal in the ocean—it is the largest animal on the whole __________. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. instrument   D. shoot 【解析】句意：蓝鲸不仅是海洋中最大的动物，也是整个星球上最大的动物。on the whole planet 意为"在整个地球上"，与"in the ocean"形成递进。B. ecosystem 生态系统，C. instrument 乐器，D. shoot 嫩芽，均不能表示"整个地球"的范围。故选 A。 【即练2】 If we don't take care of our planet, future generations will not have clean air. (用 planet 的适当形式填空) 【解析】句意：如果我们不爱护我们的星球，后代将没有干净的空气。take care of our planet 意为"爱护我们的星球"，planet 用单数形式。 语法突破 【语法1】Superlative Forms 最高级构成规则 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况下加 -est tall, fast, long taller, faster, longer tallest, fastest, longest 以字母 e 结尾加 -st large, late, nice larger, later, nicer largest, latest, nicest 重读闭音节双写末尾字母加 -est big, fat, thin bigger, fatter, thinner biggest, fattest, thinnest 以"辅音字母+y"结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -est easy, heavy, early easier, heavier, earlier easiest, heaviest, earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词前加 most beautiful, useful more beautiful, more useful most beautiful, most useful 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest ⚠ 易错总结 ✅ The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.   /   She is the tallest girl in our class. ✅ Bamboo is one of the most useful plants.   /   The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. ❌ The blue whale is the most largest animal.   /   She is tallest than any other girl. ❌ Bamboo is one of the most useful plant.   /   The cheetah runs the fastest than all animals. 记忆口诀：最高级，三选一，the 字开头别忘记；短词加 -est，长词加 most，不规则要牢记。one of 后接复数名词，in 接范围 among 接同类。 【典例】 ( A ) Mount Qomolangma is __________ mountain in the world. It stands between China and Nepal and attracts climbers from every corner of the globe. A. the highest   B. the higher   C. highest   D. higher 【解析】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。最高级前加 the，in the world 表示范围。B. the higher 是比较级，C. highest 缺 the，D. higher 是比较级不能用于三者以上比较。故选 A。 【即练1】 ( A ) The ginkgo tree is one of __________ trees on earth. It first appeared over 200 million years ago. A. the most ancient   B. the more ancient   C. most ancient   D. the ancientest 【解析】句意：银杏树是地球上最古老的树木之一。one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 是固定结构。ancient 是多音节词，最高级为 most ancient。B. the more ancient 是比较级，C. most ancient 缺 the，D. the ancientest 是错误形式。故选 A。 【即练2】 ( B ) Among all the students in our class, Lucy writes __________. Her handwriting is always the neatest. A. the most beautiful   B. the most beautifully   C. more beautifully   D. most beautiful 【解析】句意：在我们班所有学生中，Lucy 写得最漂亮。write 是动词，需用副词修饰。beautifully 的最高级是 most beautifully。A 是形容词最高级，C 是比较级，D 缺 the。故选 B。 【即练3】 ( A ) —Which is __________, the Amazon, the Nile, or the Yangtze River? —The Nile. A. the longest   B. longer   C. longest   D. the longer 【解析】句意：亚马逊河、尼罗河和长江哪条最长？三者比较用最高级，the longest。B. longer 是比较级，C. longest 缺 the，D. the longer 是比较级不能用于三者比较。故选 A。 【语法2】最高级常用句型和特殊用法 1. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 · Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 2. the + 序数词 + 最高级（表示"第几最……"） · The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world. 长江是世界第三长河。 3. among / of / in + 范围 · The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。 4. 最高级的修饰语 · much / by far / nearly / almost + the + 最高级 —— This is by far the best movie I've seen this year. 这绝对是我今年看过的最好的电影。 ⚠ 易错总结 ✅ Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. (plants 用复数) ✅ The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. (among + 同类群体) ❌ Bamboo is one of the most useful plant. (plant 应为复数 plants) ❌ The cheetah runs the fastest in all land animals. (in 接范围/地点，among 接同类群体) 记忆口诀：one of 后复名，among 接同类，in 接范围，序数词加最高级。 【典例】 ( A ) The cheetah is by far __________ animal on land. No other animal can run as fast as it does. A. the fastest   B. faster   C. most fast   D. the most fast 【解析】句意：猎豹显然是陆地上跑得最快的动物。by far the fastest 意为"显然是最快的"，by far 修饰最高级。B. faster 是比较级，C 和 D 是错误形式。故选 A。 【即练1】 ( A ) China is one of __________ countries in the world, with a history of over 5,000 years. A. the oldest   B. oldest   C. the most old   D. the older 【解析】句意：中国是世界上最古老的国家之一。one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 是固定结构。old 的最高级是 oldest。故选 A。 【即练2】 ( A ) Of all the amazing animals I have learned about, the blue whale is __________. A. the most amazing   B. more amazing   C. most amazing   D. the more amazing 【解析】句意：在我学过的所有奇妙动物中，蓝鲸是最奇妙的。Of all... 表示范围，用最高级 the most amazing。故选 A。 【即练3】 Rewrite the sentences using the superlative form of the adjective in brackets. 1. The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze River. The Nile is longer than both of them. → The Nile is the longest (long) river among the three. 【解析】三者比较用最高级。long 的最高级是 longest，前面加 the。 2. No other animal in the ocean is larger than the blue whale. → The blue whale is the largest (large) animal in the ocean. 【解析】No other...is larger than → the largest。large 以 e 结尾，加 -st。 3. Very few plants on earth are as ancient as the ginkgo tree. → The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient (ancient) trees on earth. 【解析】Very few...are as ancient as → one of the most ancient。ancient 是多音节词，最高级用 most ancient。 单元过关测试 一、单项选择（共10小题） ( A ) 1. Moss is one of the __________ plants on earth. Scientists believe it appeared around 470 million years ago.    A. oldest   B. largest   C. most useful   D. most beautiful 【解析】句意：苔藓是地球上最古老的植物之一。后文"出现在约4.7亿年前"说明苔藓年代久远，用 oldest。one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词。B. largest 最大的，C. most useful 最有用的，D. most beautiful 最美丽的，均不能与"4.7亿年前"的时间信息对应。故选 A。 ( B ) 2. The mobile phone has become an important __________ in our daily life, helping us stay connected with others.    A. subject   B. tool   C. planet   D. shoot 【解析】句意：手机已成为我们日常生活中重要的工具。tool 意为"工具"，符合手机的功能定位。A. subject 主题/学科，C. planet 星球，D. shoot 嫩芽，均不能用来描述手机。故选 B。 ( A ) 3. When you __________ a world without any animals, it seems impossible for humans to survive.    A. imagine   B. store   C. protect   D. drop 【解析】句意：当你想象一个没有任何动物的世界时，人类似乎无法生存。imagine a world without... 意为"想象一个没有……的世界"。B. store 储存，C. protect 保护，D. drop 下降，均不能与"世界"构成"想象"的含义。故选 A。 ( A ) 4. This kind of music is especially __________ young people. They love the rhythm and the energy it brings.    A. popular with   B. popular to   C. common with   D. common to 【解析】句意：这种音乐特别受年轻人欢迎。be popular with sb 是固定搭配，意为"受某人欢迎"。B. popular to 是错误搭配，C. common with 和 D. common to 均无"受欢迎"的含义。故选 A。 ( A ) 5. Trees __________ carbon dioxide and release oxygen, making the air cleaner for us to breathe.    A. store   B. drop   C. connect   D. appear 【解析】句意：树木储存二氧化碳并释放氧气。store carbon dioxide 意为"储存二氧化碳"，与后文"release oxygen"构成对比。B. drop 下降，C. connect 连接，D. appear 出现，均不能描述树木对二氧化碳的作用。故选 A。 ( A ) 6. Among all the subjects at school, science is __________ one for me. I love doing experiments and discovering new things.    A. the most interesting   B. more interesting   C. most interesting   D. the interesting 【解析】句意：在学校的所有学科中，科学对我来说是最有趣的。Among all... 表示范围，用最高级 the most interesting。B 是比较级，C 缺 the，D 不是最高级形式。故选 A。 ( C ) 7. We should do our best to __________ endangered animals, because once they disappear, they will never come back.    A. store   B. drop   C. protect   D. connect 【解析】句意：我们应该尽力保护濒危动物。protect endangered animals 意为"保护濒危动物"，后文"一旦消失就再也回不来"也说明需要保护。A. store 储存，B. drop 下降，D. connect 连接，均不能表达对濒危动物的态度。故选 C。 ( A ) 8. The __________ of the panda is slowly increasing thanks to years of protection work by scientists and the government.    A. population   B. connection   C. ecosystem   D. environment 【解析】句意：由于科学家和政府多年的保护工作，熊猫的数量正在缓慢增加。the population of the panda 意为"熊猫的种群数量"，与"increase"构成主谓搭配。B. connection 联系，C. ecosystem 生态系统，D. environment 环境，均不能与"increase"搭配表示"数量增加"。故选 A。 ( B ) 9. Can you __________ a world where every plant and animal is protected and cared for?    A. realize   B. imagine   C. protect   D. store 【解析】句意：你能想象一个每种动植物都受到保护和关爱的世界吗？imagine a world where... 意为"想象一个……的世界"。A. realize 意识到（指认识到事实），C. protect 保护，D. store 储存，均不能与"想象一个理想世界"搭配。故选 B。 ( D ) 10. The temperature __________ sharply at night in the desert, so animals must find shelter.    A. appears   B. stores   C. protects   D. drops 【解析】句意：沙漠中夜间气温急剧下降，所以动物必须找到庇护所。drop sharply 意为"急剧下降"，后文"找庇护所"也说明气温下降。A. appears 出现，B. stores 储存，C. protects 保护，均不能描述气温的变化趋势。故选 D。 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空（共5小题） 11. Bamboo can be used to make many things, including furniture, paper, and even musical instruments like flutes. 【解析】句意：竹子可用于制作很多东西，包括家具、纸张，甚至像长笛这样的乐器。musical instruments 意为"乐器"，首字母 i 提示，flutes 是乐器的例子。 12. In spring, tiny green shoots begin to appear on the branches, and soon they grow into large leaves. 【解析】句意：春天，细小的绿芽开始出现在树枝上，很快它们就长成大叶子。shoots 意为"嫩芽"，首字母 s 提示，与"grow into large leaves"形成前后逻辑。 13. The ocean ecosystem is very delicate. If one part of it is damaged, the whole system may be affected. 【解析】句意：海洋生态系统非常脆弱。如果其中一部分受损，整个系统可能都会受到影响。ocean ecosystem 意为"海洋生态系统"，首字母 e 提示，后文"the whole system"也提示填 ecosystem。 14. Planting trees is one of the best ways to improve the environment (环境) and make our city greener. 【解析】句意：植树是改善环境的最好方法之一。improve the environment 意为"改善环境"，environment 对应中文"环境"。 15. Bees communicate (沟通) with each other by doing a special dance that tells others where to find food. 【解析】句意：蜜蜂通过跳一种特殊的舞蹈来互相沟通。communicate with each other 意为"互相沟通"，communicate 对应中文"沟通"。 三、阅读理解（共10小题） A篇 The animal world is full of amazing creatures, and each one has something special that makes it stand out. Here are some of the most impressive animals on our planet. The polar bear is the largest land carnivore on earth. Adult males can weigh up to 700 kilograms and stand over 3 metres tall on their hind legs. What makes polar bears truly amazing is their ability to survive in one of the coldest places on the planet—the Arctic. They have thick fur and a layer of fat that keeps them warm in temperatures as low as -50°C. Polar bears are also excellent swimmers. They can swim for days at a time, covering distances of over 100 kilometres. Sadly, climate change is causing the Arctic ice to melt, and polar bears are losing their natural habitat. Scientists are worried that they may disappear in the near future. The African elephant is the largest land animal on earth. It can weigh up to 6,000 kilograms and stand up to 4 metres tall. What's even more amazing is its trunk—it has about 40,000 muscles and can be used for breathing, smelling, drinking, and picking up objects as small as a coin. African elephants are very intelligent and social animals. They live in family groups and communicate with each other through sounds that can travel for several kilometres. The chameleon is one of the most unusual reptiles in the world. It is famous for its ability to change colour. But that's not all—a chameleon's tongue can be twice as long as its body, and it can shoot out its tongue to catch insects in less than a second. Even more surprisingly, a chameleon's eyes can move independently, allowing it to look in two different directions at the same time. This helps it spot both food and enemies without moving its head. The hummingbird is perhaps the smallest bird in the world. The bee hummingbird, found in Cuba, is only about 5 centimetres long and weighs less than 2 grams. Despite its tiny size, it is one of the most amazing fliers in nature. It can flap its wings up to 80 times per second and is the only bird that can fly backwards. Hummingbirds visit hundreds of flowers every day to drink nectar, and in doing so, they help with pollination（授粉）—just like bees! From the icy Arctic to the tiny flowers in our gardens, these amazing animals remind us that every creature, no matter how big or small, has its own special place in the natural world. It is our responsibility to protect them and their habitats. ( A ) 1. How much can a male polar bear weigh?    A. Up to 700 kg.   B. Up to 200 kg.   C. Up to 6,000 kg.   D. Up to 40,000 kg. 【解析】题干问：雄性北极熊可以重达多少？根据原文第二段："Adult males can weigh up to 700 kilograms"（成年雄性北极熊可以重达700公斤）。B. 200 kg 是蓝鲸的重量单位错误，C. 6,000 kg 是非洲象的重量，D. 40,000 kg 是大象鼻子肌肉的数量。故选 A。 ( B ) 2. What helps polar bears survive in the cold Arctic?    A. Their thin fur and small size.   B. Their thick fur and a layer of fat.   C. Their long legs and flexible spine.   D. Their ability to change colour. 【解析】题干问：什么帮助北极熊在寒冷的北极生存？根据原文第二段："They have thick fur and a layer of fat that keeps them warm"（它们有厚厚的毛皮和一层脂肪来保暖）。A 与原文相反，C 是猎豹的特征，D 是变色龙的特征。故选 B。 ( C ) 3. What can an African elephant's trunk do?    A. Only breathe and smell.   B. Only drink and pick up objects.   C. Breathe, smell, drink, and pick up small objects.   D. Fly backwards and drink nectar. 【解析】题干问：非洲象的鼻子能做什么？根据原文第三段："it can be used for breathing, smelling, drinking, and picking up objects as small as a coin"。A 和 B 功能不全，D 是蜂鸟的特征。故选 C。 ( C ) 4. Which animal has eyes that can move independently?    A. The polar bear.   B. The African elephant.   C. The chameleon.   D. The hummingbird. 【解析】题干问：哪种动物的眼睛可以独立转动？根据原文第四段："a chameleon's eyes can move independently"。A、B、D 均未提及此特征。故选 C。 ( B ) 5. What do hummingbirds and bees have in common?    A. They both live in the ocean.   B. They both help with pollination.   C. They both can run at 120 km/h.   D. They both weigh more than 200 tons. 【解析】题干问：蜂鸟和蜜蜂有什么共同点？根据原文第五段："they help with pollination—just like bees!"。A 错误（都不生活在海洋），C 是猎豹的特征，D 是蓝鲸的特征。故选 B。 ( B ) 6. What is the main message of the passage?    A. The Arctic is the most dangerous place for animals.   B. Every creature has its own special place in nature and should be protected.   C. Only large animals like elephants and polar bears need protection.   D. Many amazing animals are in danger, so they need our attention. 【解析】题干问：文章的主旨是什么？根据原文最后一段："every creature, no matter how big or small, has its own special place in the natural world. It is our responsibility to protect them and their habitats."（每种生物，无论大小，在自然界中都有其独特的位置。保护它们和它们的栖息地是我们的责任。）B 选项完整概括了这一主旨。A 太狭隘（北极只是例子之一），C 过于绝对且与主旨相反，D 只抓住了"危险"这一部分信息，但文章强调的是"独特价值"而非仅仅"面临危险"。故选 B。 B篇 Have you ever stopped to watch ants working? These tiny insects may seem unimportant, but they are actually some of the most hard-working and organized creatures on earth. Ants play a role in the ecosystem that is much bigger than their size suggests. Ants live in highly organized groups called colonies. A single colony can have millions of ants, and each ant has a special job. Some ants are workers that build and repair the nest, some are soldiers that protect the colony, and one—the queen—is responsible for laying eggs. This division of work makes ants one of the most successful groups of animals on the planet. In fact, scientists believe that there are more than 10,000 trillion ants living on earth, and their total weight is greater than the total weight of all humans! One of the most interesting things about ants is how they communicate. Like bees, ants use chemical signals to "talk" to each other. When an ant finds food, it leaves a trail of chemicals on its way back to the nest. Other ants can follow this trail to find the food. This is why you often see ants marching in a line—they are all following the same chemical path. Ants are also among the strongest animals in the world, relative to their size. An ant can carry objects that are 50 times heavier than its own body weight. If a human had the same strength, they could lift a car! This incredible strength helps ants build their homes, carry food, and protect their colony. Besides their strength, ants are important to the environment. They help break down dead plants and animals, turning them into nutrients that enrich the soil. They also help spread seeds, which allows new plants to grow in different places. Without ants, many ecosystems would not function as well as they do. ( B ) 7. What is the main idea of the passage?    A. Ants are the largest insects in the world.   B. Ants are small but play an important role in the ecosystem.   C. Ants are dangerous and should be kept away.   D. Ants are the only animals that use chemical signals. 【解析】题干问：文章的主旨是什么？全文从蚁群的组织、交流方式、力量、环境贡献四个角度阐述蚂蚁虽小但很重要。B 选项完整概括了这一主旨。A 错误（蚂蚁不是最大的昆虫），C 错误（文章态度是正面而非负面），D 错误（蜜蜂也使用化学信号，且这不是文章主旨）。故选 B。 ( C ) 8. How do ants communicate with each other?    A. By dancing like bees.   B. By singing songs.   C. By using chemical signals.   D. By making loud sounds. 【解析】题干问：蚂蚁如何互相交流？根据原文第三段："ants use chemical signals to 'talk' to each other"。A 是蜜蜂的方式，B 和 D 原文未提及。故选 C。 ( C ) 9. How much can an ant carry relative to its body weight?    A. 5 times its own weight.   B. 10 times its own weight.   C. 50 times its own weight.   D. 100 times its own weight. 【解析】题干问：蚂蚁能搬运自身体重多少倍的东西？根据原文第四段："An ant can carry objects that are 50 times heavier than its own body weight"。A、B、D 均与原文数字不符。故选 C。 ( B ) 10. What does the underlined word "enrich" in the last paragraph most probably mean?    A. 污染   B. 使肥沃   C. 破坏   D. 清理 【解析】题干问："enrich"在文中最可能是什么意思？根据原文最后一段："turning them into nutrients that enrich the soil"（把它们变成营养物，使土壤变得肥沃）。A 与原文相反，C 与原文相反，D 含义不够准确。故选 B。 四、完形填空（共10小题） There is a plant that has always amazed me—the dandelion. You might think it's just a common weed, but to me, it is one of the ___1___ plants in the world. When I was a little girl, my grandmother took me to the park every spring. She would point to the bright yellow dandelions and say, "Look, they are the ___2___ flowers—they are always the first to bloom after winter." I loved picking them and making little flower crowns. But what I loved even ___3___ was blowing the white seed heads and watching them fly away in the wind. My grandmother told me that each seed carries a wish, and the wind helps ___4___ that wish to a new place. As I grew older, I learned that dandelions are much more ___5___ than they look. They are one of the most nutritious（营养丰富的） plants you can eat. Their leaves can be used in salads, their roots can be made into tea, and their flowers can be used to make wine. In many ___6___, dandelions have been used as medicine for hundreds of years. They are also one of the ___7___ plants for bees, as they provide food early in the spring when few other flowers are blooming. What I find most ___8___ about dandelions is their strength. They can grow almost anywhere—in gardens, on roadsides, even through cracks in the pavement（石板路）. When a dandelion is pulled out, it often grows back. When its seeds land on the ___9___ ground, they will take root and start a new life. This is why dandelions are a symbol of hope and resilience （坚韧）in many cultures. Now, whenever I see a dandelion, I think of my grandmother and the ___10___ between all living things. Just like the dandelion seeds that travel far and wide, we are all connected in ways we might not always see. ( B ) 1. A. most common   B. most amazing   C. most popular   D. most useful 【解析】句意：你可能认为它只是一种普通的野草，但对我来说，它是世界上最奇妙的植物之一。前文"amazed me"提示应填 amazing。A 与"普通野草"语义重复，C 和 D 不如 amazing 与"amazed me"形成呼应。故选 B。 ( A ) 2. A. bravest   B. laziest   C. slowest   D. weakest 【解析】句意：它们是最勇敢的花——总是在冬后最先绽放。后文"always the first to bloom after winter"说明蒲公英是冬天过后第一批开花的，需要勇气。B 懒惰、C 最慢、D 最弱，均与"最先绽放"矛盾。故选 A。 ( D ) 3. A. good   B. best   C. more   D. better 【解析】句意：但我更喜欢的还是吹白色的种子头。even better 意为"甚至更喜欢"，用比较级与前面的"loved picking them"形成递进比较。A. good 原级不能与 even 搭配表示比较，B. best 最高级（even 不能修饰最高级），C. more 缺少原级形式。故选 D。 ( D ) 4. A. drop   B. store   C. protect   D. carry 【解析】句意：风帮助把那个愿望带到新的地方。carry that wish to a new place 意为"把愿望带到新地方"。A. drop 意为"掉落"（不符合"带到新地方"），B. store 意为"储存"（风不储存愿望），C. protect 意为"保护"（与"带到新地方"无关）。故选 D。 ( A ) 5. A. useful   B. beautiful   C. heavy   D. large 【解析】句意：随着年龄增长，我了解到蒲公英比它们看起来有用得多。后文详细描述了蒲公英的多种用途（食用、药用），说明它很有用。B. beautiful 美丽（与食用药用无关），C. heavy 重，D. large 大，均不能概括后文的用途描述。故选 A。 ( B ) 6. A. planets   B. cultures   C. instruments   D. subjects 【解析】句意：在许多文化中，蒲公英被用作药物已经有数百年历史了。in many cultures 意为"在许多文化中"。A. planets 星球，C. instruments 乐器/工具，D. subjects 主题/学科，均不能与"用作药物"构成合理搭配。故选 B。 ( D ) 7. A. worst   B. earliest   C. least   D. best 【解析】句意：它们也是蜜蜂最好的植物之一，因为在早春其他花还没开放时它们就提供了食物。one of the best plants for bees 意为"对蜜蜂来说最好的植物之一"。A. worst 最差（与后文"提供食物"矛盾），B. earliest 最早（语义不完整），C. least 最少（与后文矛盾）。故选 D。 ( C ) 8. A. boring   B. common   C. interesting   D. dangerous 【解析】句意：我觉得蒲公英最有趣的地方是它们的力量。后文描述了蒲公英顽强的生命力，这在作者看来是有趣的。A. boring 无聊的（与作者态度相反），B. common 常见的（与"最"搭配不当），D. dangerous 危险的（与后文描述不符）。故选 C。 ( B ) 9. A. hardest   B. softest   C. driest   D. wettest 【解析】句意：当种子落在最柔软的土地上时，它们就会生根，开始新的生命。seeds land on the softest ground 意为"种子落在最柔软的土地上"，才能生根。A. hardest 最硬（不利于生根），C. driest 最干（不利于生根），D. wettest 最湿（语义不如 softest 贴切）。故选 B。 ( C ) 10. A. difference   B. importance   C. connection   D. subject 【解析】句意：每当我看到蒲公英，我就想起祖母和所有生物之间的联系。the connection between all living things 意为"所有生物之间的联系"，与后文"we are all connected"形成呼应。A. difference 差异，B. importance 重要性，D. subject 主题，均不能与"connected"形成语义呼应。故选 C。 五、写作 大自然中有许多奇妙的动植物。请以"An Amazing Plant (or Animal)"为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。 【写作支架】（同原卷版） 【写作指导】 1. 结构建议：开头介绍动植物名称和外观 → 中间写2-3个奇妙特点（至少使用3处最高级）→ 结尾说明为什么重要/喜欢它。 2. 必用最高级句型：the + 最高级（如 the tallest plant）、one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词（如 one of the most useful plants）、动词 + (the) 最高级。 3. 必用本单元词汇至少8个。 【范文】 The bamboo is one of the most amazing plants in the world. It is one of the fastest-growing plants—some bamboo can grow almost one metre in a single day! Bamboo is also one of the most useful plants. People use it to build houses, make furniture, and create musical instruments. In Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and strength. Pandas, one of the most popular animals, depend on bamboo for food. I think bamboo is the most wonderful plant because it connects nature, culture, and our daily lives. We should protect this amazing plant and the ecosystems it supports. 【本单元词汇使用】 amazing, fastest-growing, useful, instruments, culture, symbol, popular, connects, protect, ecosystems。共10个，满足要求。 【最高级使用】 one of the most amazing, one of the fastest-growing, one of the most useful, one of the most popular, the most wonderful。 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ — 答案解析版 · 完 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 · Amazing Plants and Animals 预习讲练 （八上·暑假衔接） 学习目标 1. 掌握与动植物和自然生态相关的核心词汇，如 subject, tool, appear, popular, connect, imagine, store, communicate, ecosystem, environment 等； 2. 正确运用形容词和副词的最高级形式（Superlatives）进行三者或三者以上的比较； 3. 掌握 the + 最高级、one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词、动词 + (the) 最高级 等最高级常用句型； 4. 能阅读与奇妙动植物和人与自然关系相关的短文，提取关键信息并完成相关练习； 5. 能用最高级描述奇妙的动植物，表达"人与自然紧密相连"的主题。 单元知识地图 Section A · Pre-reading & Task Conversation 1 (1b & 1c) Emma: Hi, Yaming. What are you doing? Yaming: Hi, Emma. I'm starting a test on animals and plants. Emma: Sounds fun. Let's take it together. Yaming: OK. First question. What's the largest animal in the world? Emma: It's the blue whale, right? Yaming: Right. It's also the heaviest animal on earth. Next question. Which animal runs the fastest? Emma: Oh wait! I just read about it. The cheetah runs the fastest. Yaming: Right again! And I think it's the most beautiful animal in the world. Emma: I completely agree with you. Conversation 2 (1b & 1c continued) Yaming: Now let's answer the questions about plants. What is the oldest plant in the world? Emma: Hmm, I'm not sure. Do you have any idea? Yaming: Well, I think moss is one of the oldest plants. It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago ... Oh, look here. I'm correct! Emma: Interesting! Let's go on! Yaming: Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world? Emma: The redwood tree, right? Yaming: Yes! I hope I can see some one day. Conversation 3 (2a & 2d) Ella: Oh, what's that, Chen Jie? It's so beautiful! Chen Jie: Thanks. It's a folding fan. I bought it last year. Ella: Oh! It has a painting of bamboo on it. Chen Jie: Yeah. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. Ella: I didn't know that before. So, where did you get that fan? Chen Jie: At the Bamboo Sea in Sichuan, the largest and oldest bamboo forest in China. I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. Ella: Really? Like what? Chen Jie: Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow almost one metre in one day. Also, it's one of the most useful plants in the world. People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. Ella: Oh, that's interesting. I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too, right? Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious. Task 1: Information Extraction — Complete the tables. Table A: Amazing Plants and Animals (Conversations 1 & 2) Plant/Animal What is amazing about it? Superlative(s) blue whale It is the ________ and ________ animal in the world. largest, ________ cheetah It runs the ________ among all land animals. It is also the ________ animal. ________, most beautiful moss It is one of the ________ plants. It appeared on earth around ________ million years ago. ________ redwood tree It is the ________ tree in the world. ________ Table B: Amazing Bamboo (Conversation 3) Aspect Information Bamboo in Chinese paintings one of the most ________ subjects Symbol a symbol of ________ in Chinese culture Bamboo Sea in Sichuan the ________ and ________ bamboo forest in China Growth speed one of the ________-growing plants; some can grow almost one ________ in one day Usefulness one of the most ________ plants in the world Uses build ________; make ________ and ________ Food pandas eat ________; people eat ________ shoots Task 2: Rewrite the sentences using the superlative form. 1. The blue whale is larger and heavier than any other animal in the world. → The blue whale is ________________________________________________. 2. No other land animal runs faster than the cheetah. → The cheetah runs ________________________________________________. 3. Very few plants on earth are older than moss. → Moss is ________________________________________________________. 4. Bamboo is more useful than most other plants in the world. → Bamboo is ______________________________________________________. 5. The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is larger and older than any other bamboo forest in China. → The Bamboo Sea in Sichuan is ______________________________________. Section A 核心词汇详解 【词汇1】subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 主题；学科；科目 教材例句： Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. ——竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 核心搭配： · a popular subject 一个受欢迎的主题/学科 —— Maths is a popular subject at school. 数学是学校里的热门学科。 · change the subject 改变话题 —— Let's change the subject and talk about something else. 我们换个话题，聊聊别的吧。 · on the subject of... 关于……的话题 —— He wrote a book on the subject of wildlife. 他写了一本关于野生动物的书。 ⚠ 易错提醒： subject 作"学科"讲时，是可数名词；作"主题"讲时，常用单数。注意与 topic（话题）的区别：subject 更正式，topic 更口语化。 【典例】 (   ) In today's meeting, we will talk about three different __________. The first one is about our school trip next month. A. instruments   B. subjects   C. planets   D. shoots 【答案】B   【解析】句意：在今天的会议上，我们将讨论三个不同的主题。subject 意为"主题；话题"，three different subjects 表示"三个不同的主题"，符合语境。instrument 乐器，planet 行星，shoot 嫩芽，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) —What's your favourite __________ at school? —I love science most because it helps me understand how the world works. A. instrument   B. subject   C. tool   D. planet 【即练2】 The artist chose flowers and birds as the main __________ of his new paintings. (用 subject 的适当形式填空) 【词汇2】tool /tuːl/ n. 工具 教材例句： People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. ——人们可以用它来盖房子、制作工具和乐器。 核心搭配： · make tools 制造工具 —— Early humans used stones to make tools. 早期人类用石头制作工具。 · a useful tool 一个有用的工具 —— The dictionary is a useful tool for learning English. 词典是学习英语的有用工具。 · communication tool 通讯工具 —— The Internet is an important communication tool. 互联网是重要的通讯工具。 ⚠ 易错提醒： tool 指"工具"，强调用于制作或修理东西的器具。注意与 instrument（精密器械/乐器）区分：tool 更侧重手工和劳动工具。 【典例】 Early humans were very clever. They learned to make __________ from stones and wood to help them hunt and build shelters. A. subjects   B. tools   C. planets   D. shoots 【答案】B   【解析】句意：早期人类学会了用石头和木头制作工具。make tools from stones and wood 意为"用石头和木头制作工具"，符合早期人类语境。subject 主题，planet 行星，shoot 嫩芽，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Bamboo is so useful that people can make furniture, houses, and even musical __________ from it. A. subjects   B. tools   C. instruments   D. planets 【即练2】 A good dictionary is an essential __________ for anyone who wants to learn a new language well. (用 tool 的适当形式填空) 【词汇3】appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现 教材例句： It appeared on earth around 470 million years ago. ——它大约在4.7亿年前出现在地球上。 核心搭配： · appear on earth 出现在地球上 —— Moss appeared on earth millions of years ago. 苔藓在数百万年前出现在地球上。 · appear in... 出现在……中 —— Bamboo often appears in Chinese paintings. 竹子经常出现在中国画中。 · disappear (反义词) 消失 —— Many species are disappearing because of pollution. 许多物种因污染正在消失。 ⚠ 易错提醒： appear 是不及物动词，不能直接接宾语。过去式为 appeared。注意区分 appear（出现）与 appear（似乎）：He appears to be very happy. 他似乎很开心。 【典例】 (   ) After the rain stopped, a beautiful rainbow __________ in the sky, and everyone stopped to take photos. A. imagined   B. appeared   C. stored   D. communicated 【答案】B   【解析】句意：一道美丽的彩虹出现在天空中。appear in the sky 意为"出现在天空中"，描述彩虹出现的场景。imagined 想象，stored 储存，communicated 交流，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Some flowers only __________ at night and close up when the sun comes out in the morning. A. imagined   B. appeared   C. connected   D. stored 【即练2】 Scientists were surprised when a new kind of frog __________ in the rainforest last year. (用 appear 的适当形式填空) 【词汇4】popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 教材例句： Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. ——竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 核心搭配： · be popular with/among... 受……欢迎 —— This singer is very popular with young people. 这位歌手很受年轻人欢迎。 · a popular choice 一个受欢迎的选择 —— The red dress was the most popular choice. 红裙子是最受欢迎的选择。 · population n. 人口；种群数量 —— The population of this city is over 10 million. 这个城市的人口超过一千万。 ⚠ 易错提醒： popular 的比较级是 more popular，最高级是 most popular。注意搭配介词：be popular with sb（受某人欢迎），不是 be popular to sb。population 是名词形式，注意不要与 popular 混淆。 【典例】 (   )Mobile payment is very __________ in China. Almost everyone uses it nowadays. A. common   B. ancient   C. popular   D. heavy 【答案】C   【解析】句意：手机支付在中国非常流行。popular 意为"流行的；受欢迎的"，符合语境。common 常见的，ancient 古老的，heavy 重的，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) The library is very __________ with students after school. They go there to read, study, and do homework together. A. ancient   B. common   C. popular   D. useful 【即练2】 The __________ of bees is dropping fast, and this worries scientists around the world. (用 popular 的适当形式填空) 【词汇5】common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普通的；共同的 教材例句： The ginkgo tree is one of the most common trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. ——银杏树是中国街道、公园和花园中最常见的树木之一。 核心搭配： · a common plant 一种常见的植物 —— Dandelions are a common plant in many countries. 蒲公英在许多国家都很常见。 · have...in common 有共同之处 —— The twins have a lot in common. 这对双胞胎有很多共同之处。 · common sense 常识 —— It's common sense to wear a coat in winter. 冬天穿外套是常识。 ⚠ 易错提醒： common 的比较级是 more common，最高级是 most common。注意 common 与 ordinary 的区别：common 强调"常见"，ordinary 强调"平凡、普通"。 【典例】 (   ) Although they look very different, the two sisters actually have a lot in __________. Both love art, enjoy reading, and prefer quiet weekends. A. culture   B. ecosystem   C. common   D. planet 【答案】C   【解析】句意：两姐妹实际上有很多共同之处。have a lot in common 意为"有很多共同之处"，固定搭配。culture 文化，ecosystem 生态系统，planet 星球，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) It is quite __________ to see sparrows in parks. They are everywhere, hopping around looking for food. A. ancient   B. common   C. popular   D. heavy 【即练2】 Although they come from different cultures, they found they had a lot in __________. (用 common 的适当形式填空) 【词汇6】instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ n. 乐器；工具；器械 教材例句： People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. ——人们可以用它来盖房子、制作工具和乐器。 核心搭配： · a musical instrument 乐器 —— The piano is my favourite musical instrument. 钢琴是我最喜欢的乐器。 · play an instrument 演奏乐器 —— Can you play any musical instrument? 你会演奏什么乐器吗？ · scientific instrument 科学仪器 —— The laboratory is full of scientific instruments. 实验室里满是科学仪器。 ⚠ 易错提醒： instrument 作"乐器"讲时，通常指 musical instrument。注意区分 instrument（精密工具/乐器）和 tool（普通手工工具）。 【典例】 (   ) The flute is one of the oldest musical __________ in the world. It has been played for thousands of years in many different cultures. A. subjects   B. symbols   C. instruments   D. planets 【答案】C   【解析】句意：长笛是世界上最古老的乐器之一。musical instruments 意为"乐器"，flute 是乐器的一种。subject 主题，symbol 象征，planet 行星，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Bamboo can be used to make furniture, tools, and even musical __________ like flutes and drums. A. subjects   B. symbols   C. instruments   D. planets 【即练2】 Learning to play a musical __________ takes time and patience. (用 instrument 的适当形式填空) 【词汇7】shoot /ʃuːt/ n. 嫩芽；嫩枝；幼苗 教材例句： Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious. ——其实我们也吃竹笋。它们真的很美味。 核心搭配： · bamboo shoots 竹笋 —— Bamboo shoots are a popular vegetable in many Asian countries. 竹笋在许多亚洲国家是很受欢迎的蔬菜。 · new shoots 新芽 —— In spring, new shoots appear on the trees. 春天，树上冒出新的嫩芽。 · shoot (v.) 射击；拍摄 —— They are going to shoot a film in the forest. 他们要在森林里拍摄一部电影。 ⚠ 易错提醒： shoot 作名词意为"嫩芽/嫩枝"（可数），bamboo shoots 是固定搭配。shoot 作动词意为"射击；拍摄"，过去式 shot。 【典例】 (   ) After the spring rain, tiny green __________ began to come out of the ground. In a few weeks, they would grow into tall sunflowers. A. subjects   B. shoots   C. instruments   D. symbols 【答案】B  【解析】句意：小小的绿色嫩芽开始从土里冒出来。shoots 意为"嫩芽；幼苗"，描述春天新芽破土而出的场景。subject 主题，instrument 乐器，symbol 象征，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) In spring, you can see tiny green __________ coming out of the ground. They will soon grow into beautiful flowers and tall grasses. A. subjects   B. shoots   C. instruments   D. tools 【即练2】 __________ are a traditional food in many parts of China. (用 shoot 的适当形式填空) Section B · Pre-reading & Task We Can't Live Without Bees Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. Bees need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. Task 3: True or False (T for True, F for False) (   ) 1. If there were no bees, about 80% of the plants in the world could not grow. (   ) 2. Bees are lazy animals that only visit a few flowers each day. (   ) 3. Bees communicate by making loud sounds to tell others where food is. (   ) 4. Bees create honeycombs to store honey. (   ) 5. The number of bees is increasing, and scientists are very happy about it. Task 4: Read and answer the questions. 1. According to the text, what is the greatest work of bees? ________ 2. Why do many scientists believe bees are the most important animals on this planet? ________ 3. How do bees communicate with each other when they find new food? ________ 4. What does the writer want us to do at the end of the text? ________ Section B 核心词汇详解 【词汇8】connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接；联系；把……联系起来 教材例句： At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all connected. ——此刻你意识到人、植物和动物都是相互联系的。 核心搭配： · connect...with/to... 把……与……连接 —— The bridge connects the island with the mainland. 这座桥把岛屿和大陆连接起来。 · be connected with... 与……有联系 —— His research is connected with climate change. 他的研究与气候变化有关。 · connection n. 联系；连接 —— There is a strong connection between diet and health. 饮食和健康之间有很强的联系。 ⚠ 易错提醒： connect 后接介词 with 或 to 均可，但 connect...with 更强调"关联"，connect...to 更强调"物理连接"。名词形式是 connection。 【典例】 (   ) Scientists have found that air pollution is closely __________ with the disappearance of bees. When the air gets worse, bee numbers drop quickly. A. dropped   B. stored   C. connected   D. protected 【答案】C   【解析】句意：空气污染与蜜蜂的消失密切相关。be connected with 意为"与……有联系"，描述空气污染和蜜蜂消失之间的关联。dropped 下降，stored 储存，protected 保护，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) The Internet __________ people from all over the world, making it possible to share ideas and cultures instantly. A. drops   B. stores   C. connects   D. protects 【即练2】 Bees are one of the best examples of the __________ between plants, animals, and people. (用 connect 的适当形式填空) 【词汇9】imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；设想 教材例句： Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. ——想象你去你所在地区的超市，但那里几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力。 核心搭配： · imagine doing sth 想象做某事 —— Can you imagine living on the moon? 你能想象在月球上生活吗？ · imagine + 从句 想象…… —— Imagine what life would be like without bees. 想象一下没有蜜蜂的生活会是什么样子。 · imagination n. 想象力 —— Children have rich imaginations. 孩子们有丰富的想象力。 ⚠ 易错提醒： imagine 后接动名词（doing），不能接不定式（to do）。imagine 后可直接接名词或从句。 【典例】 (   ) Close your eyes and try to __________ you are flying over a beautiful green forest, with rivers and lakes shining below you. A. store   B. drop   C. imagine   D. communicate 【答案】C   【解析】句意：试着想象你正飞越一片美丽的绿色森林。imagine 意为"想象"，后接从句，符合"想象飞越森林"的语境。store 储存，drop 下降，communicate 交流，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Can you __________ a world without any plants or animals? It would be impossible for humans to survive. A. realize   B. imagine   C. protect   D. connect 【即练2】 Try to __________ what our planet would look like if we took better care of the environment. (用 imagine 的适当形式填空) 【词汇10】store /stɔː(r)/ v. 储存；贮藏 n. 商店 教材例句： In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. ——为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢。 核心搭配： · store food/water 储存食物/水 —— Squirrels store nuts for the winter. 松鼠为过冬储存坚果。 · store information 存储信息 —— Computers can store large amounts of information. 计算机可以存储大量信息。 · in store for... 即将发生；等待着…… —— Who knows what the future has in store for us? 谁知道未来会发生什么？ ⚠ 易错提醒： store 作动词意为"储存"，作名词意为"商店"（美式）。注意 store 与 keep 的区别：store 强调"储存备后用"，keep 强调"保存/保持"。 【典例】 Before the cold winter comes, squirrels work hard to __________ enough nuts and seeds to last through the long months. A. communicate   B. connect   C. store   D. imagine 【答案】C   【解析】句意：松鼠努力储存足够的坚果和种子。store enough nuts 意为"储存足够的坚果"，符合松鼠过冬的习性。communicate 交流，connect 连接，imagine 想象，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Bees __________ honey in their honeycombs so they have food during the winter when flowers are nowhere to be found. A. weigh   B. store   C. drop   D. imagine 【即练2】 Before the long journey, travellers need to __________ enough food and water. (用 store 的适当形式填空) 【词汇11】communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 沟通；交流；传达 教材例句： Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. ——蜜蜂的另一个有趣之处是它们如何沟通。 核心搭配： · communicate with sb 与某人交流 —— We can communicate with people around the world through the Internet. 我们可以通过互联网与世界各地的人交流。 · communicate ideas 传达想法 —— Art is a way to communicate ideas and feelings. 艺术是传达想法和情感的一种方式。 · communication n. 交流；沟通 —— Good communication is important in a team. 良好的沟通在团队中很重要。 ⚠ 易错提醒： communicate 是不及物动词，后接 with 表示"与……交流"。名词形式是 communication。注意拼写：communicate 中有两个 m。 【典例】 Dolphins are very smart animals. They __________ with each other through a series of clicks and whistles that can travel for miles underwater. A. connect   B. imagine   C. communicate   D. protect 【答案】C   【解析】句意：海豚通过咔嗒声和口哨声互相交流。communicate with each other 意为"互相交流"，符合海豚通过声音交流的语境。connect 连接，imagine 想象，protect 保护，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Ants __________ with each other by leaving chemical trails. It's one of the most amazing ways of communication in the insect world. A. connect   B. imagine   C. communicate   D. protect 【即练2】 In today's world, we can __________ with friends on the other side of the planet instantly. (用 communicate 的适当形式填空) 【词汇12】ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 教材例句： Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. ——蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中扮演着重要角色。 核心搭配： · a healthy ecosystem 健康的生态系统 —— A healthy ecosystem needs many different plants and animals. 一个健康的生态系统需要许多不同的动植物。 · the marine ecosystem 海洋生态系统 —— Coral reefs are an important part of the marine ecosystem. 珊瑚礁是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分。 · protect the ecosystem 保护生态系统 —— We must do more to protect the ecosystem. 我们必须做更多来保护生态系统。 ⚠ 易错提醒： ecosystem 是可数名词，由 eco-（生态）+ system（系统）构成。注意区分 ecosystem（生态系统）和 environment（环境）：ecosystem 强调生物与环境之间的互动关系。 【典例】 (   ) Coral reefs are one of the most important parts of the ocean __________. They provide food and shelter for thousands of different sea creatures. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. instrument   D. culture 【答案】B   【解析】句意：珊瑚礁是海洋生态系统中最重要的部分之一。ocean ecosystem 意为"海洋生态系统"。planet 行星，instrument 乐器/工具，culture 文化，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Every plant and animal plays a role in the __________. If one species disappears, it can affect the whole system. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. tool   D. shoot 【即练2】 Protecting the __________ means protecting all living things. (用 ecosystem 的适当形式填空) 【词汇13】protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 教材例句： Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. ——想一想你能做些什么来保护地球上最奇妙的动物之一。 核心搭配： · protect...from/against... 保护……免受…… —— We should protect our skin from the sun. 我们应该保护皮肤免受阳光伤害。 · protect the environment 保护环境 —— Everyone should do their part to protect the environment. 每个人都应该尽自己的一份力来保护环境。 · protection n. 保护 —— The trees provide protection from the wind. 树木提供了防风保护。 ⚠ 易错提醒： protect 后接 from 或 against 表示"保护……免受……"。注意 protect 是动词，名词形式是 protection。 【典例】 Many countries have passed laws to __________ wild animals from being hunted. Without these laws, many species would have disappeared long ago. A. store   B. drop   C. connect   D. protect 【答案】D   【解析】句意：许多国家通过法律来保护野生动物免遭猎杀。protect...from being hunted 意为"保护……免遭猎杀"。store 储存，drop 下降，connect 连接，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) We all need to do our part to __________ endangered animals like pandas, because once they are gone, they will never come back. A. protect   B. store   C. drop   D. connect 【即练2】 Sunscreen can help __________ your skin __________ the harmful rays of the sun. 【词汇14】drop /drɒp/ v. 下降；掉落；使落下 n. 滴 教材例句： However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried. ——然而，蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们很担忧。 核心搭配： · drop by 下降了…… —— The temperature dropped by 10 degrees overnight. 气温一夜之间下降了10度。 · drop to 下降到…… —— The number of bees has dropped to a dangerous level. 蜜蜂的数量下降到了危险水平。 · a drop of water 一滴水 —— A drop of water fell on my hand. 一滴水落在了我的手上。 ⚠ 易错提醒： drop 作动词意为"下降；掉落"，过去式 dropped（双写 p）。drop 还可以表示"放弃"（drop a subject 放弃一门学科）。注意与 fall（落下）区分：drop 可以是及物动词（drop sth），fall 是不及物动词。 【典例】 The temperature __________ sharply after the sun went down, so we had to put on warm jackets to stay comfortable. A. protected   B. connected   C. appeared   D. dropped 【答案】D   【解析】句意：气温急剧下降。drop sharply 意为"急剧下降"，描述太阳落山后气温骤降的场景。protected 保护，connected 连接，appeared 出现，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) Scientists are worried because the number of wild tigers is __________ every year. If this continues, they may disappear forever. A. appearing   B. storing   C. dropping   D. protecting 【即练2】 The water level in the lake __________ so much during the dry season. (用 drop 的适当形式填空) 【词汇15】planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 行星；地球（the planet） 教材例句： For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. ——因此，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物。 核心搭配： · on the planet 在地球上 —— The blue whale is the largest animal on the planet. 蓝鲸是地球上最大的动物。 · save the planet 拯救地球 —— We need to act now to save the planet. 我们需要立刻行动来拯救地球。 · planets in the solar system 太阳系中的行星 —— There are eight planets in the solar system. 太阳系中有八颗行星。 ⚠ 易错提醒： the planet 常用来指"地球"，相当于 the earth。planet 是可数名词，复数 planets。注意区分 planet（行星）和 star（恒星）。 【典例】 (   ) Scientists have discovered thousands of new species on our __________ in the past decade. Many of them live deep in the ocean, far from human eyes. A. subject   B. instrument   C. planet   D. symbol 【答案】C 【解析】句意：科学家在我们的星球上发现了数千种新物种。on our planet 意为"在我们的星球上"，指地球上。subject 主题，instrument 乐器，symbol 象征，均不符合。 【即练1】 (   ) The blue whale is not only the largest animal in the ocean—it is the largest animal on the whole __________. A. planet   B. ecosystem   C. instrument   D. shoot 【即练2】 If we don't take care of our __________, future generations will not have clean air. (用 planet 的适当形式填空) 语法突破 【语法1】Superlative Forms 最高级构成规则 1. 最高级构成规则 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况下加 -est tall, fast, long taller, faster, longer tallest, fastest, longest 以字母 e 结尾加 -st large, late, nice larger, later, nicer largest, latest, nicest 重读闭音节双写末尾字母加 -est big, fat, thin bigger, fatter, thinner biggest, fattest, thinnest 以"辅音字母+y"结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -est easy, heavy, early easier, heavier, earlier easiest, heaviest, earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词前加 most beautiful, useful more beautiful, more useful most beautiful, most useful 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 3. 最高级常用句型 · 句型1：A + be + the + 最高级 + 名词 + 范围 —— The blue whale is the largest animal in the world. 蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。 · 句型2：A + 动词 + (the) + 最高级 + 范围 —— The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。 · 句型3：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 —— Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. 竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。 ⚠ 易错总结 ✅ The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.   /   She is the tallest girl in our class. ✅ Bamboo is one of the most useful plants.   /   The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. ❌ The blue whale is the most largest animal.   /   She is tallest than any other girl. ❌ Bamboo is one of the most useful plant.   /   The cheetah runs the fastest than all animals. ❌ He is the tallest in all the boys. (应为 among/of all the boys) 记忆口诀：最高级，三选一，the 字开头别忘记；短词加 -est，长词加 most，不规则要牢记。one of 后接复数名词，in 接范围 among 接同类。 【典例】 Mount Qomolangma is __________ mountain in the world. It stands between China and Nepal and attracts climbers from every corner of the globe. A. the highest   B. the higher   C. highest   D. higher 【答案】A   【解析】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。最高级前加 the，in the world 表示范围。the higher 是比较级，highest 缺 the，higher 是比较级不能用于三者以上比较。 【即练1】(   ) The ginkgo tree is one of __________ trees on earth. It first appeared over 200 million years ago. A. the most ancient   B. the more ancient   C. most ancient   D. the ancientest 【即练2】(   ) Among all the students in our class, Lucy writes __________. Her handwriting is always the neatest. A. the most beautiful   B. the most beautifully   C. more beautifully   D. most beautiful 【即练3】(   ) —Which is __________, the Amazon, the Nile, or the Yangtze River? —The Nile. A. the longest   B. longer   C. longest   D. the longer 【语法2】最高级常用句型和特殊用法 1. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 表示"最……之一"，后接可数名词复数形式。 · Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 · The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. 银杏树是地球上最古老的现存树木之一。 2. the + 序数词 + 最高级（表示"第几最……"） · The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world. 长江是世界第三长河。 · She is the second tallest girl in her class. 她是班上第二高的女生。 3. among / of / in + 范围 · The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. 猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。 · He is the tallest of the three boys. 他是三个男孩中最高的。 · She is the best singer in our school. 她是我们学校最好的歌手。 4. 最高级的修饰语 much / by far / nearly / almost + the + 最高级 · This is by far the best movie I've seen this year. 这绝对是我今年看过的最好的电影。 · It is nearly the largest animal on earth. 它几乎是地球上最大的动物。 ⚠ 易错总结 ✅ Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world. (plants 用复数) ✅ The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. (among + 同类群体) ✅ She is the second tallest girl in her class. (序数词 + 最高级) ❌ Bamboo is one of the most useful plant. (plant 应为复数 plants) ❌ The cheetah runs the fastest in all land animals. (in 接范围/地点，among 接同类群体) ❌ She is the second most tallest girl. (重复使用最高级) 记忆口诀：one of 后复名，among 接同类，in 接范围，序数词加最高级。 【典例】 The cheetah is by far __________ animal on land. No other animal can run as fast as it does. A. the fastest   B. faster   C. most fast   D. the most fast 【答案】A   【解析】句意：猎豹显然是陆地上跑得最快的动物。by far the fastest 意为"显然是最快的"，by far 修饰最高级。faster 是比较级，most fast 和 the most fast 均为错误形式。 【即练1】(   ) China is one of __________ countries in the world, with a history of over 5,000 years. A. the oldest   B. oldest   C. the most old   D. the older 【即练2】(   ) Of all the amazing animals I have learned about, the blue whale is __________. A. the most amazing   B. more amazing   C. most amazing   D. the more amazing 【即练3】请使用括号内形容词的最高级形式重写这些句子。 1. The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze River. The Nile is longer than both of them. → The Nile is              (long) river among the three. 2. No other animal in the ocean is larger than the blue whale. → The blue whale is              (large) animal in the ocean. 3. Very few plants on earth are as ancient as the ginkgo tree. → The ginkgo tree is one of              (ancient) trees on earth. 单元过关测试 一、单项选择（共10小题） (   ) 1. Moss is one of the __________ plants on earth. Scientists believe it appeared around 470 million years ago.    A. oldest   B. largest   C. most useful   D. most beautiful (   ) 2. The mobile phone has become an important __________ in our daily life, helping us stay connected with others.    A. subject   B. tool   C. planet   D. shoot (   ) 3. When you __________ a world without any animals, it seems impossible for humans to survive.    A. imagine   B. store   C. protect   D. drop (   ) 4. This kind of music is especially __________ young people. They love the rhythm and the energy it brings.    A. popular with   B. popular to   C. common with   D. common to (   ) 5. Trees __________ carbon dioxide and release oxygen, making the air cleaner for us to breathe.    A. store   B. drop   C. connect   D. appear (   ) 6. Among all the subjects at school, science is __________ one for me. I love doing experiments and discovering new things.    A. the most interesting   B. more interesting   C. most interesting   D. the interesting (   ) 7. We should do our best to __________ endangered animals, because once they disappear, they will never come back.    A. store   B. drop   C. protect   D. connect (   ) 8. The __________ of the panda is slowly increasing thanks to years of protection work by scientists and the government.    A. population   B. connection   C. ecosystem   D. environment (   ) 9. Can you __________ a world where every plant and animal is protected and cared for?    A. realize   B. imagine   C. protect   D. store (   ) 10. The temperature __________ sharply at night in the desert, so animals must find shelter.    A. appears   B. stores   C. protects   D. drops 二、根据首字母或中文提示填空（共5小题） 11. Bamboo can be used to make many things, including furniture, paper, and even musical i__________ like flutes. 12. In spring, tiny green s__________ begin to appear on the branches, and soon they grow into large leaves. 13. The ocean e__________ is very delicate. If one part of it is damaged, the whole system may be affected. 14. Planting trees is one of the best ways to improve the __________ (环境) and make our city greener. 15. Bees __________ (沟通) with each other by doing a special dance that tells others where to find food. 三、阅读理解（共10小题） A篇 The animal world is full of amazing creatures, and each one has something special that makes it stand out. Here are some of the most impressive animals on our planet. The polar bear is the largest land carnivore on earth. Adult males can weigh up to 700 kilograms and stand over 3 metres tall on their hind legs. What makes polar bears truly amazing is their ability to survive in one of the coldest places on the planet—the Arctic. They have thick fur and a layer of fat that keeps them warm in temperatures as low as -50°C. Polar bears are also excellent swimmers. They can swim for days at a time, covering distances of over 100 kilometres. Sadly, climate change is causing the Arctic ice to melt, and polar bears are losing their natural habitat. Scientists are worried that they may disappear in the near future. The African elephant is the largest land animal on earth. It can weigh up to 6,000 kilograms and stand up to 4 metres tall. What's even more amazing is its trunk—it has about 40,000 muscles and can be used for breathing, smelling, drinking, and picking up objects as small as a coin. African elephants are very intelligent and social animals. They live in family groups and communicate with each other through sounds that can travel for several kilometres. The chameleon is one of the most unusual reptiles in the world. It is famous for its ability to change colour. But that's not all—a chameleon's tongue can be twice as long as its body, and it can shoot out its tongue to catch insects in less than a second. Even more surprisingly, a chameleon's eyes can move independently, allowing it to look in two different directions at the same time. This helps it spot both food and enemies without moving its head. The hummingbird is perhaps the smallest bird in the world. The bee hummingbird, found in Cuba, is only about 5 centimetres long and weighs less than 2 grams. Despite its tiny size, it is one of the most amazing fliers in nature. It can flap its wings up to 80 times per second and is the only bird that can fly backwards. Hummingbirds visit hundreds of flowers every day to drink nectar, and in doing so, they help with pollination（授粉）—just like bees! From the icy Arctic to the tiny flowers in our gardens, these amazing animals remind us that every creature, no matter how big or small, has its own special place in the natural world. It is our responsibility to protect them and their habitats. (   ) 1. How much can a male polar bear weigh?    A. Up to 700 kg.   B. Up to 200 kg.   C. Up to 6,000 kg.   D. Up to 40,000 kg. (   ) 2. What helps polar bears survive in the cold Arctic?    A. Their thin fur and small size.   B. Their thick fur and a layer of fat.   C. Their long legs and flexible spine.   D. Their ability to change colour. (   ) 3. What can an African elephant's trunk do?    A. Only breathe and smell.   B. Only drink and pick up objects.   C. Breathe, smell, drink, and pick up small objects.   D. Fly backwards and drink nectar. (   ) 4. Which animal has eyes that can move independently?    A. The polar bear.   B. The African elephant.   C. The chameleon.   D. The hummingbird. (   ) 5. What do hummingbirds and bees have in common?    A. They both live in the ocean.   B. They both help with pollination.   C. They both can run at 120 km/h.   D. They both weigh more than 200 tons. (   ) 6. What is the main message of the passage?    A. The Arctic is the most dangerous place for animals.   B.Every creature has its own special place in nature and should be protected.   C.Only large animals like elephants and polar bears need protection.   D.Many amazing animals are in danger, so they need our attention. B篇 Have you ever stopped to watch ants working? These tiny insects may seem unimportant, but they are actually some of the most hard-working and organized creatures on earth. Ants play a role in the ecosystem that is much bigger than their size suggests. Ants live in highly organized groups called colonies. A single colony can have millions of ants, and each ant has a special job. Some ants are workers that build and repair the nest, some are soldiers that protect the colony, and one—the queen—is responsible for laying eggs. This division of work makes ants one of the most successful groups of animals on the planet. In fact, scientists believe that there are more than 10,000 trillion ants living on earth, and their total weight is greater than the total weight of all humans! One of the most interesting things about ants is how they communicate. Like bees, ants use chemical signals to "talk" to each other. When an ant finds food, it leaves a trail of chemicals on its way back to the nest. Other ants can follow this trail to find the food. This is why you often see ants marching in a line—they are all following the same chemical path. Ants are also among the strongest animals in the world, relative to their size. An ant can carry objects that are 50 times heavier than its own body weight. If a human had the same strength, they could lift a car! This incredible strength helps ants build their homes, carry food, and protect their colony. Besides their strength, ants are important to the environment. They help break down dead plants and animals, turning them into nutrients that enrich the soil. They also help spread seeds, which allows new plants to grow in different places. Without ants, many ecosystems would not function as well as they do. (   ) 7. What is the main idea of the passage?    A. Ants are the largest insects in the world.   B.Ants are small but play an important role in the ecosystem.   C.Ants are dangerous and should be kept away.   D. Ants are the only animals that use chemical signals. (   ) 8. How do ants communicate with each other?    A. By dancing like bees.   B. By singing songs.   C. By using chemical signals.   D. By making loud sounds. (   ) 9. How much can an ant carry relative to its body weight?    A. 5 times its own weight.   B. 10 times its own weight.   C. 50 times its own weight.   D. 100 times its own weight. (   ) 10. What does the underlined word "enrich" in the last paragraph most probably mean?    A. 污染   B. 使肥沃   C. 破坏   D. 清理 四、完形填空（共10小题） There is a plant that has always amazed me—the dandelion. You might think it's just a common weed, but to me, it is one of the ___1___ plants in the world. When I was a little girl, my grandmother took me to the park every spring. She would point to the bright yellow dandelions and say, "Look, they are the ___2___ flowers—they are always the first to bloom after winter." I loved picking them and making little flower crowns. But what I loved even ___3___ was blowing the white seed heads and watching them fly away in the wind. My grandmother told me that each seed carries a wish, and the wind helps ___4___ that wish to a new place. As I grew older, I learned that dandelions are much more ___5___ than they look. They are one of the most nutritious plants you can eat. Their leaves can be used in salads, their roots can be made into tea, and their flowers can be used to make wine. In many ___6___, dandelions have been used as medicine for hundreds of years. They are also one of the ___7___ plants for bees, as they provide food early in the spring when few other flowers are blooming. What I find most ___8___ about dandelions is their strength. They can grow almost anywhere—in gardens, on roadsides, even through cracks in the pavement. When a dandelion is pulled out, it often grows back. When its seeds land on the ___9___ ground, they will take root and start a new life. This is why dandelions are a symbol of hope and resilience in many cultures. Now, whenever I see a dandelion, I think of my grandmother and the ___10___ between all living things. Just like the dandelion seeds that travel far and wide, we are all connected in ways we might not always see. (   ) 1. A. most common   B. most amazing   C. most popular   D. most useful (   ) 2. A. bravest   B. laziest   C. slowest   D. weakest (   ) 3. A. good   B. best   C. more   D. better (   ) 4. A. drop   B. store   C. protect   D. carry (   ) 5. A. useful   B. beautiful   C. heavy   D. large (   ) 6. A. planets   B. cultures   C. instruments   D. subjects (   ) 7. A. worst   B. earliest   C. least   D. best (   ) 8. A. boring   B. common   C. interesting   D. dangerous (   ) 9. A. hardest   B. softest   C. driest   D. wettest (   ) 10. A. difference   B. importance   C. connection   D. subject 五、写作 大自然中有许多奇妙的动植物。请以"An Amazing Plant (or Animal)"为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，介绍一种你最喜欢的奇妙动植物。 【写作支架】 一、思维导图 What is the plant/animal? ↓ What does it look like? ↓ What amazing things can it do? (2-3 facts) ↓ What superlatives can you use to describe it? ↓ Why is it important to us / nature? 二、句型库 · It is one of the most... (plants/animals) in the world. · It can grow/run/jump as... as... · It is the + 最高级 + 名词 + in/on... · I think it is the most... because... · Without it, ... cannot... 三、可用词汇 amazing, beautiful, useful, important, largest, fastest, tallest, oldest, most interesting, most popular, protect, connect, planet, ecosystem, imagine, symbol, culture, environment 内容提示： 1. 介绍你选择的一种奇妙动植物； 2. 描述它的外观、习性以及至少两个令人惊叹的特点； 3. 使用至少三处最高级结构； 4. 说明它为什么重要或你为什么喜欢它。 要求： 1. 使用一般现在时； 2. 至少使用本单元学过的八个词汇或短语； 3. 至少使用三处最高级（包括 one of the + 最高级结构和 the + 最高级结构）； 4. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 本单元完整教材词汇表 （一）动植物与自然 词汇 音标 词性 释义 moss /mɒs/ n. 苔藓 whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸 blue whale /bluː weɪl/ n. 蓝鲸 cheetah /ˈtʃiːtə/ n. 猎豹 redwood /ˈredwʊd/ n. 红杉 bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ n. 竹子 bamboo shoot /ˈbæmbuː ʃuːt/ n. 竹笋 ginkgo /ˈɡɪŋkɡəʊ/ n. 银杏 bee /biː/ n. 蜜蜂 honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜂蜜 honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/ n. 蜂巢 pollen /ˈpɒlən/ n. 花粉 elephant /ˈelɪfənt/ n. 大象 butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n. 蝴蝶 tree frog /triː frɒɡ/ n. 树蛙 （二）自然生态与地理 词汇 音标 词性 释义 forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林 ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统 planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 行星；地球 earth /ɜːθ/ n. 地球；土地 land /lænd/ n. 陆地 ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 海洋 nature /ˈneɪtʃə(r)/ n. 自然 environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 环境 （三）文化与社会 词汇 音标 词性 释义 subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 主题；学科 symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 象征；符号 culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 文化 goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ n. 善良 painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ n. 绘画；画作 instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ n. 乐器；工具 tool /tuːl/ n. 工具 folding fan /ˈfəʊldɪŋ fæn/ n. 折扇 （四）动词 词汇 音标 词性 释义 connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接；联系 imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象 store /stɔː(r)/ v. 储存 communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 沟通；交流 protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 drop /drɒp/ v. 下降；掉落 appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现 create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造 build /bɪld/ v. 建造 pollinate /ˈpɒləneɪt/ v. 授粉 （五）形容词 词汇 音标 词性 释义 amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊奇的 popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 受欢迎的；流行的 ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古老的 common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普通的 useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的 hard-working /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 （六）名词（其他） 词汇 音标 词性 释义 pollination /ˌpɒləˈneɪʃn/ n. 授粉 connection /kəˈnekʃn/ n. 联系；连接 importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n. 重要性 population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口；种群数量 weight /weɪt/ n. 重量 （七）短语 短语 释义 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 最……之一 in the world 在世界上 among all... 在所有……之中 play an important part in... 在……中扮演重要角色 in order to... 为了…… as...as... 和……一样…… a symbol of... ……的象征 be connected with... 与……有联系 from...to... 从……到…… protect...from... 保护……免受…… think about... 考虑……；想一想…… We cannot live without them. 没有它们，我们无法生存。 — 原卷版 · 完 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $