精品解析：江苏南京市雨花台中学2025-2026学年高一下学期期末学情调研英语试题

高一年级期末【英语】学情调研 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） Beautiful Guatemala is a land rich in diversity and cultural heritage. Whether you hope to summit a volcano, hike through the jungle or explore ancient ruins, Guatemala will not disappoint. Tikal National Park Tikal National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous places in Guatemala. Tikal covers an estimated 46 miles (around 74 km) and is one of the most extraordinary archaeological sites in Central America. It is here, centuries ago, that the ancient Mayan civilisation boomed. Chichicastenango “Chichi,” as it’s known by the local Kiche population, hosts the largest market in Central America. The town comes alive on Thursdays and Sundays when vendors (小贩) come from surrounding areas to display their goods. The market bursts with varied colours and a lively atmosphere, stocking everything from vividly-colored cloth to traditional carved wooden masks. Guatemala City Brightly graffitied (涂鸦) walls line the busy streets in Guatemala City where you’ll find trendy stores, relaxing bars, and diverse art galleries. Make sure to check out La Esquina, an indoor food market with some of the best food stalls in the city. The Museo Popol Vuh is a leading museum in the world of Mayan art. Here you will be able to spend a couple of hours appreciating the incredible and comprehensive collection of Mayan as well as colonial art. Acatenango Volcano Volcano Acatenango towers almost 4,000 metres above the surrounding landscape just outside Antigua. The hike to the summit of this volcano is one of the toughest, yet most popular, in Guatemala. Not only will you get to appreciate the breathtaking views, but you will also have a bird’s-eye view of the nearby (and extremely active) Volcan Fuego. 1. What’s the best choice for someone interested in Mayan history? A. Tikal National Park. B. Chichicastenango. C. Guatemala City. D. Acatenango Volcano. 2. What do we know about Guatemala City? A. It hosts the largest market in Central America. B. It is a perfect destination for art lovers. C. You can buy vivid cloth and masks there. D. Museo Popol Vuh is a great food market. 3. What is special about Acatenango Volcano? A. A bird view of Guatemala City. B. The highest tower in Guatemala. C. The hike to the volcano summit. D. It is an extremely active volcano. A new T-shirt that continuously monitors heart activity and detects abnormalities may help prevent strokes by identifying dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF). This irregular heart rhythm increases the risk of stroke and affects over a million-people in Britain, with an estimated 500,000 more remaining undiagnosed due to a lack of noticeable symptoms. While some individuals experience signs like chest pain, dizziness, or fatigue, many only discover the condition after suffering a stroke. Detecting AF typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG), performed in a hospital where trained staff attach up to 24 electrodes to different parts of the body. However, since AF often occurs intermittently (间歇地), a short hospital check-up may not detect it. To counter this, doctors sometimes provide patients with a Holter monitor, a device worn under clothing that records heart activity. However, it’s bulky, inconvenient, and requires multiple wires to be attached to the chest, making it uncomfortable for daily wear. The Cardioskin T-shirt offers a more practical alternative. Made from cotton and washable up to 35 times, it has 15 small electrodes woven into the chest area to monitor heart signals continuously. The T-shirt can be worn 24 hours a day, increasing the likelihood of detecting abnormal rhythms. Powered by a removable battery, the electrodes feed data to a microchip, which wirelessly transmits the information to an app. The app converts the data into an easy-to-read chart, highlighting any irregular heart activity. The results are then shared with the patient’s doctor, allowing for remote monitoring without requiring hospital visits. This innovative design could make diagnosing AF easier and more accessible, potentially reducing the risk of stroke for many. Professor Martin Cowie, a cardiologist at Imperial College London, views Cardioskin as an significant development in heart health monitoring, offering a comfortable and efficient tool for early detection of cardiac problems. 4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. The difficulty in detecting atrial fibrillation. B. The benefit of wearing a Holter monitor. C. The process of recording heart activity. D. The future of developing a new ECG. 5. Why did the author mention a Holter monitor in the text? A. To introduce a way to check the patient’s heart. B. To explain why doctors like using the device. C. To show the advantage of a Cardiosk in T-shirt over it. D. To encourage people to care about their health. 6. What can we learn about the Cardiosk in T-shirt? A. It has electrodes placed all over the T-shirt. B. It can be worn a month without being washed. C. It has a battery that can be charged easily and quickly. D. It can make the process of diagnosis timely and convenient. 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. New ECC: an important development for doctors B. Hi-tech T-shirt: a good helper for detecting strokes C. Holter monitor: a device tracking patients’ heart problems D. Cardiosk in T-shirt: a shirt keeping patients from diseases The launch of a tool to record a vanishing Greek dialect drew attention back this week to one of the great extinctions of the modern world: nine languages are believed to be disappearing every year. Romeyka, which is spoken by an ageing population of a few thousand people in the mountain villages near Turkey’s Black Sea coast, separated from modern Greek thousands of years ago. It has no written form. For linguists, it is a“ living bridge” to the ancient Greek world, the loss of which would clearly be a blow. But some languages are in even bigger trouble, with 350 that have fewer than 50 native speakers and 46 that have just one. A cooperation between Australian and British institutions paints the situation in distinct colours, with a language stripes chart, devised to illustrate the accelerating decline in each decade between 1700 and today. Its authors predict that between 50% and 90% of the world’s 7,000 languages will be extinct by 2150. Even now, half of the people on the planet speak just 24 of them. The history of languages has always been linked to colonialism (殖民主义) and political persecution (迫害), which scatter populations as well as controlling them. The Endangered Languages Alliance (ELA) has tracked down and mapped hundreds of dying languages in New York, which is an unexpected discovery. These dialects are supposed to be found in remote rural areas. Among ELA’s more shocking discoveries is that, of 700 surviving speakers of Seke, which originated in a cluster of mountain villages in Nepal, more than 150 can be traced to two apartment buildings in Brooklyn district of New York. From Sami reindeer herders across the Arctic to Australia’s Indigenous (土著的) peoples, the ways in which people express themselves hide secret messages about ancient ways of living in nature. Both a will and a way are needed if they are to survive. By simply honouring their existence, linguists play an important role. Ken Hale, an activist who is strongly for preserving endangered languages famously argued that losing any language was “like dropping a bomb on the Louvre”. 8. What does “Romeyka” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. An extinct ancient Greek language. B. A language with very few written words. C. A disappearing dialect related to ancient Greek. D. A popular dialect loved by the young generation. 9. Why are the numbers used in Paragraph 2? A. To show the importance of the dialects. B. To conclude the diversity of the dialects. C. To explain different ways to protect dialects. D. To illustrate the tendency of fast dying dialects. 10. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Seke is a place in the mountains of Nepal. B. People assume fewer dialects exist in big cities. C. Nepal and New York were twin cities many years ago. D. ELA is not surprised to trace an original Nepal dialect to Brooklyn. 11. What does Ken Hale’s quote mean? A. The extinction of a dialect is a great loss. B. Bombing Louver is a disaster to any language. C. Ancient ways of living are kept secret in Louvre. D. Languages are to survive simply by honoring them. Millions of migratory (迁徙的) birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding grounds in the Arelie, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state- of- the- art techniques — satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing (基因组测序) — and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons (游隼) in Eurasian Arctic. The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October,” said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal (扩散). ” The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene — ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research — associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant (变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration. “Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration — but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,” Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether. “Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world” 12. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Five birds’ migration routes were built 22, 000 years ago. B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter. C. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September. D. Two novel research methods of migration were invented. 13. What can we infer about ADCY8? A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study. B. It serves as a fundamental part of long- distance migration. C. It could be strengthened by the power of long- term memory. D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals. 14. What is special about the new study? A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds. B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms. C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons. D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds. 15. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long- distance Migration D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. ____16____. Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. ____17____ For example, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. ____18____ ____19____ They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. ____20____ A. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. B. Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. C. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. F. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. G. The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Thousands of people fill the square. They’ve gathered to watch the building of the tower. There are many beautiful towers here in Barcelona, Spain, but this one will be different. It will be built out of ___21___! A brass fanfare (号角) announces the building has begun, and holding their breath, everyone goes ___22___. Drums join in. Body after body ___23___ from the crowd, and a human castle begins to grow straight up from the center of the square. Higher and higher it grows as the tower rises to five, six, seven, then eight stories! The crowd ___24___ as the final person reaches the top. Teams of castellers all wear white pants and black sashes (腰带), and each team wears a different ___25___ shirt. Barcelona’s castellers are known by their bright-red shirts. The most important part of the ___26___ is the sash. It supports castellers’ backs, and their teammates hold on to it with their hands or feet as they climb. The ___27___ who play during the building aren’t just there to entertain the crowd. At each stage of the building process, they play a different___28___. This lets the castellers on the lower levels know what is happening above them. Without flutes and drums, the castle might get into ___29___. Most human castles have three main parts: base, the trunk, and the crown. The base is made of the ___30___ people because they have to carry all the weight. Lighter people ___31___ the levels of the trunk. The teens form the crown at the top. The anxaneta, who can be a young child, climbs up last. When he/she ___32___ reaches the top, the crowd cheers! However, the most ___33___ part is still ahead. The anxaneta quickly climbs down the castle, followed by the rest of the levels. Bodies ___34___ glide down bodies — unless the tower collapses, which often happens at this stage. The applause continues until the castle has been ___35___ and everyone is safe.Then a celebration starts. 21. A. clay B. wood C. concrete D. people 22. A. quiet B. scared C. upset D. calm 23. A. disappears B. escapes C. emerges D. separates 24. A. gathers B. roars C. wonders D. suspects 25. A. colored B. styled C. collared D. patterned 26. A. shoe B. tool C. instrument D. costume 27. A. firefighters B. architects C. musicians D. performers 28. A. game B. tune C. project D. trick 29. A. chaos B. shape C. accidents D. work 30. A. smartest B. bravest C. tallest D. strongest 31. A. pick up B. make up C. end up D. dress up 32. A. desperately B. approximately C. ultimately D. occasionally 33. A. dangerous B. destructive C. disastrous D. sensitive 34. A. awkwardly B. clumsily C. hopefully D. gracefully 35. A. passed down B. taken down C. turned down D. set down 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When international travelers began arriving in China in early 2023 following a three-year hiatus (停滞), many may have found that routine daily tasks ____36____ (pose) challenges. More at ease with cash and credit cards and unfamiliar with Chinese apps, they experienced difficulties ____37____ (perform) tasks such as paying with QR codes and booking tickets online. But China is making efforts to address the ____38____ (convenience) many international visitors may face during their stay. New initiatives are making travel around China ____39____ (easy) in comparison to previous period. Alipay and Wexin Pay, China’s digital payment services, now allow users to link international credit cards and make mobile payments in a way similar ____40____ locals. Meanwhile, China is varying its means of payment to provide services ____41____ (design) for foreign visitors. An increasing number of businesses upgrade their payment systems ____42____ begin accepting international credit cards. While the major ride-hailing app Didi Chuxing boasts ____43____ user-friendly English interface (界面), museums and other attractions have been called on to develop websites ____44____ provide multilingual booking services and maintain in-person ticketing services. Since the introduction of a trial visa-free policy for visitors from certain countries, more countries _____45_____ (add) to the list. With continued efforts from the government as well as business and cultural sectors, travel experience in China will only become more enjoyable. 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46. 假定你是某国际学校学生李华，参与了上周学校环保社举办的“生活中的小智慧”创意制作展。请你给朋友Lina写一封邮件，分享此次活动。要点如下： 1. 简介活动内容； 2. 分享你的创意作品； 3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lina, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was in the bleak midwinter, and the traveling couple, trudged (费力地走) through the cold night, seeking shelter. The father- to- be scanned the roadside for some home, some inn, some stable where his struggling companion might rest safely for the night. He looked over at her frequently. She labored along without complaint, her way made heavier by the new life growing inside her. They needed a warm, dry place safe from the bitter wind. When her time came, it must not be out here along the roadway. Gus Kiebel, a county wildlife officer, was driving home from work when he spotted the pair in the flash of his headlights. It was snowing so hard that it was difficult to see, but he could tell the dogs were wearing collars and tags. What were they doing out here on this stretch of wooded road, when it was too cold for dogs to go outside? Gus parked his truck and approached the animals. He squatted (蹲下) and stretched out his hands to the beagles, which made no effort to escape. He read their tags by his truck’s headlights: The female was named Pepper, and the male was Cooper. He pulled out his phone to call the number listed, but it was snowing so hard that his screen blurred. He placed the dogs in his truck, on the floorboards on the passenger side. By the time he came around to the driver’s side, they had climbed onto the passenger seat and were snuggled (依偎) together there. Gus dried his phone, snapped a picture of the pair and sent it to his wife, Katic Kiebcl. Then he dialed the number from the dogs’ tags. A man answered and immediately grew defensive when Gus told him why he was calling. “I gave those dogs away,” the man said.“ They’ re not mine anymore.” “ Well, do you want them back?” “ No. I can’t take care of them.” The man hung up. These beagles were abandoned, then. Gus looked over at them, their large ho und eyes pleading. Gus called the county dog warden’s office, but it was after hours, so he left a message. Then he called Katie. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1:“ You cannot put them back out in the snowstorm,” she said.“ Bring them home.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Already having a family dog, Gus phoned a nearby animal welfare center the next day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一年级期末【英语】学情调研 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共50分） Beautiful Guatemala is a land rich in diversity and cultural heritage. Whether you hope to summit a volcano, hike through the jungle or explore ancient ruins, Guatemala will not disappoint. Tikal National Park Tikal National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous places in Guatemala. Tikal covers an estimated 46 miles (around 74 km) and is one of the most extraordinary archaeological sites in Central America. It is here, centuries ago, that the ancient Mayan civilisation boomed. Chichicastenango “Chichi,” as it’s known by the local Kiche population, hosts the largest market in Central America. The town comes alive on Thursdays and Sundays when vendors (小贩) come from surrounding areas to display their goods. The market bursts with varied colours and a lively atmosphere, stocking everything from vividly-colored cloth to traditional carved wooden masks. Guatemala City Brightly graffitied (涂鸦) walls line the busy streets in Guatemala City where you’ll find trendy stores, relaxing bars, and diverse art galleries. Make sure to check out La Esquina, an indoor food market with some of the best food stalls in the city. The Museo Popol Vuh is a leading museum in the world of Mayan art. Here you will be able to spend a couple of hours appreciating the incredible and comprehensive collection of Mayan as well as colonial art. Acatenango Volcano Volcano Acatenango towers almost 4,000 metres above the surrounding landscape just outside Antigua. The hike to the summit of this volcano is one of the toughest, yet most popular, in Guatemala. Not only will you get to appreciate the breathtaking views, but you will also have a bird’s-eye view of the nearby (and extremely active) Volcan Fuego. 1. What’s the best choice for someone interested in Mayan history? A. Tikal National Park. B. Chichicastenango. C. Guatemala City. D. Acatenango Volcano. 2. What do we know about Guatemala City? A. It hosts the largest market in Central America. B. It is a perfect destination for art lovers. C. You can buy vivid cloth and masks there. D. Museo Popol Vuh is a great food market. 3. What is special about Acatenango Volcano? A. A bird view of Guatemala City. B. The highest tower in Guatemala. C. The hike to the volcano summit. D. It is an extremely active volcano. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了拥有丰富文化遗产的拉丁美洲国家Guatemala一些著名景点。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文关于Tikal National Park的介绍段最后一句“It is here, centuries ago, that the ancient Mayan civilisation boomed. (几个世纪前，古玛雅文明就是在这里繁荣起来的)”可知，古玛雅文明曾在这里繁荣，因此如果游客对玛雅历史感兴趣，可以去这个国家公园。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文关于Guatemala City的介绍段最后一句“Here you will be able to spend a couple of hours appreciating the incredible and comprehensive collection of Mayan as well as colonial art. (在这里，你可以花几个小时欣赏玛雅人和殖民地艺术的难以置信而全面综合的收藏品)”可知，这个地方有很多艺术作品，因此对热爱艺术的人，这是旅游绝佳目的地。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文关于Acatenango Volcano的介绍段第二句“The hike to the summit of this volcano is one of the toughest, yet most popular, in Guatemala. (攀登这座火山的顶峰是Guatemala最艰难但也是最受欢迎的徒步旅行之一)”可知，攀登该火山顶峰是最艰难，也是最受欢迎的徒步旅行，因此可推测这也是该火山最特殊的地方。故选C项。 A new T-shirt that continuously monitors heart activity and detects abnormalities may help prevent strokes by identifying dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF). This irregular heart rhythm increases the risk of stroke and affects over a million-people in Britain, with an estimated 500,000 more remaining undiagnosed due to a lack of noticeable symptoms. While some individuals experience signs like chest pain, dizziness, or fatigue, many only discover the condition after suffering a stroke. Detecting AF typically involves an electrocardiogram (ECG), performed in a hospital where trained staff attach up to 24 electrodes to different parts of the body. However, since AF often occurs intermittently (间歇地), a short hospital check-up may not detect it. To counter this, doctors sometimes provide patients with a Holter monitor, a device worn under clothing that records heart activity. However, it’s bulky, inconvenient, and requires multiple wires to be attached to the chest, making it uncomfortable for daily wear. The Cardioskin T-shirt offers a more practical alternative. Made from cotton and washable up to 35 times, it has 15 small electrodes woven into the chest area to monitor heart signals continuously. The T-shirt can be worn 24 hours a day, increasing the likelihood of detecting abnormal rhythms. Powered by a removable battery, the electrodes feed data to a microchip, which wirelessly transmits the information to an app. The app converts the data into an easy-to-read chart, highlighting any irregular heart activity. The results are then shared with the patient’s doctor, allowing for remote monitoring without requiring hospital visits. This innovative design could make diagnosing AF easier and more accessible, potentially reducing the risk of stroke for many. Professor Martin Cowie, a cardiologist at Imperial College London, views Cardioskin as an significant development in heart health monitoring, offering a comfortable and efficient tool for early detection of cardiac problems. 4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. The difficulty in detecting atrial fibrillation. B. The benefit of wearing a Holter monitor. C. The process of recording heart activity. D. The future of developing a new ECG. 5. Why did the author mention a Holter monitor in the text? A. To introduce a way to check the patient’s heart. B. To explain why doctors like using the device. C. To show the advantage of a Cardiosk in T-shirt over it. D. To encourage people to care about their health. 6. What can we learn about the Cardiosk in T-shirt? A. It has electrodes placed all over the T-shirt. B. It can be worn a month without being washed. C. It has a battery that can be charged easily and quickly. D. It can make the process of diagnosis timely and convenient. 7. What could be the best title for the passage? A. New ECC: an important development for doctors B. Hi-tech T-shirt: a good helper for detecting strokes C. Holter monitor: a device tracking patients’ heart problems D. Cardiosk in T-shirt: a shirt keeping patients from diseases 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一件能持续监控心脏活动并检测异常的T恤衫，并着重介绍了它给人们带来益处。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“However, since AF often occurs intermittently (间歇地), a short hospital check-up may not detect it. (然而，由于房颤经常间歇性发生，短期的医院检查可能无法发现它。)”和“However, it’s bulky, inconvenient, and requires multiple wires to be attached to the chest, making it uncomfortable for daily wear. (然而，它体积庞大，不方便，并且需要在胸部连接多根电线，这使得它在日常佩戴时不舒服。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是房颤检测的困难。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“However, it’s bulky, inconvenient, and requires multiple wires to be attached to the chest, making it uncomfortable for daily wear. (然而，它体积庞大，不方便，并且需要在胸部连接多根电线，这使得它在日常佩戴时不舒服。)”以及第三段“The Cardioskin T-shirt offers a more practical alternative. Made from cotton and washable up to 35 times, it has 15 small electrodes woven into the chest area to monitor heart signals continuously. (Cardioskin的T恤提供了一个更实用的选择。它由棉花制成，可洗涤多达35次，在胸部区域编织了15个小电极，以连续监测心脏信号。)”可知，作者在文中提到了一个Holter监护仪的装置目的就是为了展示这件Cardioskin T恤衫的优点。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Powered by a removable battery, the electrodes feed data to a microchip, which wirelessly transmits the information to an app. The app converts the data into an easy-to-read chart, highlighting any irregular heart activity. The results are then shared with the patient’s doctor, allowing for remote monitoring without requiring hospital visits. This innovative design could make diagnosing AF easier and more accessible, potentially reducing the risk of stroke for many. (电极由一块可移动电池供电，将数据输入微芯片，微芯片将信息无线传输到应用程序。应用程序将数据转换成易于阅读的图表，突出显示任何不规则的心脏活动。然后将结果与患者的医生共享，这样就可以在不需要去医院的情况下进行远程监控。这种创新的设计可以使诊断心房颤动更容易、更容易，潜在地降低许多人中风的风险。)”可推知，Cardioskin T恤衫使诊断过程及时、方便。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A new T-shirt that continuously monitors heart activity and detects abnormalities may help prevent strokes by identifying dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF). (一种新的T恤可以持续监测心脏活动并检测异常，通过识别心房颤动等危险的心脏疾病，可能有助于预防中风。)”可知，主要讲述的是一种名为Cardioskin的新型T恤，它能够持续监测心脏活动并检测异常，特别是心房颤动等危险的心脏疾病，从而可能帮助预防中风。故选B。 The launch of a tool to record a vanishing Greek dialect drew attention back this week to one of the great extinctions of the modern world: nine languages are believed to be disappearing every year. Romeyka, which is spoken by an ageing population of a few thousand people in the mountain villages near Turkey’s Black Sea coast, separated from modern Greek thousands of years ago. It has no written form. For linguists, it is a“ living bridge” to the ancient Greek world, the loss of which would clearly be a blow. But some languages are in even bigger trouble, with 350 that have fewer than 50 native speakers and 46 that have just one. A cooperation between Australian and British institutions paints the situation in distinct colours, with a language stripes chart, devised to illustrate the accelerating decline in each decade between 1700 and today. Its authors predict that between 50% and 90% of the world’s 7,000 languages will be extinct by 2150. Even now, half of the people on the planet speak just 24 of them. The history of languages has always been linked to colonialism (殖民主义) and political persecution (迫害), which scatter populations as well as controlling them. The Endangered Languages Alliance (ELA) has tracked down and mapped hundreds of dying languages in New York, which is an unexpected discovery. These dialects are supposed to be found in remote rural areas. Among ELA’s more shocking discoveries is that, of 700 surviving speakers of Seke, which originated in a cluster of mountain villages in Nepal, more than 150 can be traced to two apartment buildings in Brooklyn district of New York. From Sami reindeer herders across the Arctic to Australia’s Indigenous (土著的) peoples, the ways in which people express themselves hide secret messages about ancient ways of living in nature. Both a will and a way are needed if they are to survive. By simply honouring their existence, linguists play an important role. Ken Hale, an activist who is strongly for preserving endangered languages famously argued that losing any language was “like dropping a bomb on the Louvre”. 8. What does “Romeyka” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. An extinct ancient Greek language. B. A language with very few written words. C. A disappearing dialect related to ancient Greek. D. A popular dialect loved by the young generation. 9. Why are the numbers used in Paragraph 2? A. To show the importance of the dialects. B. To conclude the diversity of the dialects. C. To explain different ways to protect dialects. D. To illustrate the tendency of fast dying dialects. 10. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Seke is a place in the mountains of Nepal. B. People assume fewer dialects exist in big cities. C. Nepal and New York were twin cities many years ago. D. ELA is not surprised to trace an original Nepal dialect to Brooklyn. 11. What does Ken Hale’s quote mean? A. The extinction of a dialect is a great loss. B. Bombing Louver is a disaster to any language. C. Ancient ways of living are kept secret in Louvre. D. Languages are to survive simply by honoring them. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讨论了全球濒危语言的现状及保护它们的重要性。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“which is spoken by an ageing population of a few thousand people in the mountain villages near Turkey’s Black Sea coast, separated from modern Greek thousands of years ago. It has no written form. For linguists, it is a“ living bridge” to the ancient Greek world, the loss of which would clearly be a blow.(是由土耳其黑海沿岸山区村落中几千名老年人口使用的语言，与现代希腊语分离了几千年。它没有书面形式。对于语言学家来说，它是通往古希腊世界的“活桥梁”，失去它显然是一个打击。)”可知，Romeyka是一种与现代希腊语分离了几千年的方言，没有书面形式，对于语言学家来说，它是通往古希腊世界的“活桥梁”，失去它显然是一个打击。因此，Romeyka指的是一种正在消失的与古希腊有关的方言。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But some languages are in even bigger trouble, with 350 that have fewer than 50 native speakers and 46 that have just one. A cooperation between Australian and British institutions paints the situation in distinct colours, with a language stripes chart, devised to illustrate the accelerating decline in each decade between 1700 and today. Its authors predict that between 50% and 90% of the world’s 7,000 languages will be extinct by 2150. Even now, half of the people on the planet speak just 24 of them.(但是有些语言面临着更大的麻烦，有350种语言的母语使用者不到50人，有46种语言的母语使用者只有1人。澳大利亚和英国机构之间的合作以不同的颜色描绘了这种情况，并设计了一张语言条纹图，以说明从1700年到今天，每个十年间都在加速下降的趋势。该图的作者预测，到2150年，世界上7000种语言中将有50%至90%灭绝。即使现在，地球上也有一半人只使用这24种语言。)”可知，使用数字是为了说明方言快速消亡的趋势。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“These dialects are supposed to be found in remote rural areas. Among ELA’s more shocking discoveries is that, of 700 surviving speakers of Seke, which originated in a cluster of mountain villages in Nepal, more than 150 can be traced to two apartment buildings in Brooklyn district of New York.(这些方言本应出现在偏远的农村地区。ELA更惊人的发现之一是，尼泊尔一群山村中起源的塞克语（Seke）有700名幸存者，其中一半以上的人住在纽约市，他们中的许多人甚至不知道自己是说这种语言的人。)”可知人们认为这些方言应该存在于偏远的农村地区，但令人震惊的是，在纽约布鲁克林区的两栋公寓大楼里，可以找到700名幸存的Seke方言使用者中的150多人。这表明人们认为大城市中方言的数量较少，但实际上并非如此。故选B。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Ken Hale, an activist who is strongly for preserving endangered languages famously argued that losing any language was “like dropping a bomb on the Louvre”.( 以积极保护濒危语言而闻名的肯·黑尔（Ken Hale）曾激烈地表示，失去任何一种语言“就像是在卢浮宫投下一颗炸弹”。)”可知，Ken Hale的引用“losing any language was ‘like dropping a bomb on the Louvre’”意味着失去任何一种语言都是巨大的损失，就像对卢浮宫投下炸弹一样。因此，A选项“方言的灭绝是巨大的损失”是正确的解释。故选A。 Millions of migratory (迁徙的) birds occupy seasonally favorable breeding grounds in the Arelie, but scientists know little about the formation, maintenance and future of the migration routes of Arctic birds and the genetic determinants of migratory distance. In a new study, a multinational team of researchers under the leadership of Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences integrated two state- of- the- art techniques — satellite tracking and whole genome sequencing (基因组测序) — and established a continental-scale migration system of peregrine falcons (游隼) in Eurasian Arctic. The researchers tracked 56 peregrine falcons from six Eurasian Arctic breeding populations and sequenced 35 genomes from four of these populations to study the migration of this species. They found that the birds used five migration routes across Eurasia, probably established between the last Ice Age 22,000 years ago and the middle-Holocene 6,000 years ago. “Peregrine falcons initiated their autumn migration mainly in September, and arrived at their wintering areas mainly in October,” said Professor Mike Bruford, an ecologist at Cardiff University. “Peregrine falcons that depart from different breeding grounds use different routes, and winter at widely distributed sites across four distinct regions. Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal (扩散). ” The researchers quantified the migration strategies and found that migration distance is the most significant differentiation. They used whole genome sequencing and found a gene — ADCY8, which is known to be involved in long-term memory in other animals in previous research — associated with differences in migratory distance. They found ADCY8 had a variant (变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration. “Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration — but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,” Professor Bruford said. The researchers further looked at models of likely future migration behavior to predict the impact of global warming. If the climate warms at the same rate as it has in recent decades, they predict peregrine populations in western Eurasia have the highest probability of population decline and may stop migrating altogether. “Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world” 12. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Five birds’ migration routes were built 22, 000 years ago. B. Peregrine falcons stick to the areas where they winter. C. Peregrine falcons leave for Arctic regions in September. D. Two novel research methods of migration were invented. 13. What can we infer about ADCY8? A. It is a newly-discovered gene in the new study. B. It serves as a fundamental part of long- distance migration. C. It could be strengthened by the power of long- term memory. D. It turned out to be more favored by birds than the other animals. 14. What is special about the new study? A. It has discovered a new genomic region of birds. B. It has predicted the rate at which the climate warms. C. It analyses the reasons for the decrease of peregrine falcons. D. It encourages attention to environmental effects on migratory birds. 15. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Researchers Help Conserve Migratory Species B. Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds C. How Long-term Memory Helps Long- distance Migration D. How Ecological Factors Affect Birds’ Migratory Distances 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatability during migration, complete loyalty to wintering locations and limited breeding dispersal(扩散).(追踪超过一年的单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散。)”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“They found ADCY8 had a variant(变体) at high frequency in long- distance migrant populations of peregrine falcons, indicating this variant is being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long- term memory thought to be essential for long- distance migration.(他们发现ADCY8在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件。)”可推断，ADCY8是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our work is the first to begin to understand the way ecological factors may interact in migratory birds,” said Dr. ZHAN Xiangjiang. “We hope it will serve as a cornerstone to help conserve migratory species in the world””(詹湘江博士说:“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式。”“我们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石。”)”可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Previous studies have identified several candidate genomic regions that may regulate migration-but our work is the strongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified(以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因。所以“Biologists Find Evidence of Migration Gene in Birds(生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. ____16____. Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. ____17____ For example, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. ____18____ ____19____ They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. ____20____ A. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. B. Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. C. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. F. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. G. The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科学研究类说明文。文章主要介绍了人类活动对全球降雨稳定性的影响以及由此带来的挑战。 【16题详解】 上文“Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests.(一项新的研究表明，人类活动在过去一个世纪里使全球降雨更加不稳定)”提出了一项新的研究及其发现。C选项“The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.(这项研究是由中国科学院大气物理研究所的研究人员进行的)”紧接着介绍了这项研究的实施者，为下文详细介绍研究内容做了铺垫，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount.(降雨变异性指的是降雨时间和降雨量的不均匀性)”定义了降雨变异性。E选项“Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods.(更高的变异性意味着降雨在一段时间内分布更加不均匀，导致湿润和干燥的时期)”进一步解释了降雨变异性的含义，即降雨在时间上分布更加不均匀，导致湿润和干燥时期的出现，与上文语意紧密相连。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America.(通过分析广泛的观测数据，研究人员发现，自20世纪以来，在所研究的陆地地区，尤其是欧洲、澳大利亚和北美东部，降雨变异性增加了约75%)”介绍了研究人员通过分析数据得出的发现。F选项“It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade.(还发现，全球日降雨变异性每十年增加1.2%)”继续介绍了研究人员的另一项发现，即全球日降雨变异性的增加情况，与上文内容紧密相关。故选F项。 【19题详解】 下文“They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases.(他们确定了人为排放温室气体的主导作用)”介绍了研究人员对降雨变异性增加原因的研究发现。D选项“To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research.(为了了解降雨变异性增加的原因，研究小组进一步进行了研究)”引出了下文的内容，即研究人员对降雨变异性增加原因的深入研究，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【20题详解】 上文“Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks.(极端气候之间的大幅度快速波动不仅挑战了当代天气和气候预测系统的现有能力，而且对人类社会产生了连锁效应，威胁到经济发展、生态系统功能和陆地碳汇)”介绍了极端气候之间的大幅度快速波动带来的挑战和威胁。A选项“Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges.(立即采取适应措施对于应对这些挑战至关重要)”提出了应对这些挑战的措施，即立即采取适应措施，与上文内容紧密相关，且为文章结尾提供了合理的建议。故选A项。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分） Thousands of people fill the square. They’ve gathered to watch the building of the tower. There are many beautiful towers here in Barcelona, Spain, but this one will be different. It will be built out of ___21___! A brass fanfare (号角) announces the building has begun, and holding their breath, everyone goes ___22___. Drums join in. Body after body ___23___ from the crowd, and a human castle begins to grow straight up from the center of the square. Higher and higher it grows as the tower rises to five, six, seven, then eight stories! The crowd ___24___ as the final person reaches the top. Teams of castellers all wear white pants and black sashes (腰带), and each team wears a different ___25___ shirt. Barcelona’s castellers are known by their bright-red shirts. The most important part of the ___26___ is the sash. It supports castellers’ backs, and their teammates hold on to it with their hands or feet as they climb. The ___27___ who play during the building aren’t just there to entertain the crowd. At each stage of the building process, they play a different___28___. This lets the castellers on the lower levels know what is happening above them. Without flutes and drums, the castle might get into ___29___. Most human castles have three main parts: base, the trunk, and the crown. The base is made of the ___30___ people because they have to carry all the weight. Lighter people ___31___ the levels of the trunk. The teens form the crown at the top. The anxaneta, who can be a young child, climbs up last. When he/she ___32___ reaches the top, the crowd cheers! However, the most ___33___ part is still ahead. The anxaneta quickly climbs down the castle, followed by the rest of the levels. Bodies ___34___ glide down bodies — unless the tower collapses, which often happens at this stage. The applause continues until the castle has been ___35___ and everyone is safe.Then a celebration starts. 21. A. clay B. wood C. concrete D. people 22. A. quiet B. scared C. upset D. calm 23. A. disappears B. escapes C. emerges D. separates 24. A. gathers B. roars C. wonders D. suspects 25. A. colored B. styled C. collared D. patterned 26. A. shoe B. tool C. instrument D. costume 27. A. firefighters B. architects C. musicians D. performers 28. A. game B. tune C. project D. trick 29. A. chaos B. shape C. accidents D. work 30. A. smartest B. bravest C. tallest D. strongest 31. A. pick up B. make up C. end up D. dress up 32. A. desperately B. approximately C. ultimately D. occasionally 33. A. dangerous B. destructive C. disastrous D. sensitive 34. A. awkwardly B. clumsily C. hopefully D. gracefully 35. A. passed down B. taken down C. turned down D. set down 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了西班牙巴塞罗那叠人塔的建筑过程。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它将由人建造而成！ A. clay黏土；B. wood木头；C. concrete混凝土；D. people人。根据下文“A brass fanfare (号角) announces the building has begun, and holding their breath, everyone goes ____ . ”可知，这是一个由人叠成的人塔。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一阵黄铜号角声宣布建造开始了，所有人都屏住呼吸，现场变得安静下来。A. quiet安静的；B. scared害怕的；C. upset心烦意乱的；D. calm冷静的。根据上文中“holding their breath”可知，人们都在屏息等待，表示人们变得安静，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个接一个的身体从人群中涌现出来，一座人体城堡开始从中广场的中心直向上方生长。 A. disappears消失；B. escapes逃跑；C. emerges出现；D. separates分开。根据下文中“a human castle begins to grow straight up from the center of the square”可知，人们开始从人群中走出，叠成人塔。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着塔楼升高到五层、六层、七层，然后是八层，它越建越高！当最后一个人到达顶端时，人群爆发出欢呼声。 A. gathers聚集；B. roars吼叫；C. wonders想知道；D. suspects怀疑。根据下文中“When he/she ____ reaches the top, the crowd cheers!”可知，当最后一个人到达塔顶时，人群会欢呼，所以此处应选B的引申义，表示人群发出欢呼声 (类似吼叫)。但更精确地说，这里的roars可以理解为“发出雷鸣般的欢呼声”。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有castellers团队都穿着白色裤子和黑色腰带，每个团队还穿着不同颜色的衬衫。 A. colored有色的；B. styled有风格的；C. collared有领子的；D. patterned有图案的。根据下文中“Barcelona’s castellers are known by their bright-red shirts”可知，每队的衬衫都有不同的颜色或图案来区分。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这套服饰中最重要的部分是腰带。 A. shoe鞋；B. tool工具；C. instrument乐器；D. costume服装。根据上文中“Teams of castellers all wear white pants and black sashes (腰带)”可知，此处讨论的是叠塔队员的服装。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在建造过程中演奏的音乐家们不仅仅是为了娱乐观众。 A. firefighters消防员；B. architects建筑师；C. musicians音乐家；D. performers表演者。根据下文中“At each stage of the building process, they play a different ____ ”可知，这些人在建造过程中演奏不同的音乐。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在建筑过程的每个阶段，他们都演奏不同的乐曲。 A. game游戏；B. tune曲调；C. project项目；D. trick诡计。根据上文中“The ____ who play during the building aren’t just there to entertain the crowd.”可知，这些音乐家在演奏音乐。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有长笛和鼓，城堡可能会陷入混乱。 A. chaos混乱；B. shape形状；C. accidents事故；D. work工作。 根据上文中“This lets the castellers on the lower levels know what is happening above them.”可知，音乐在叠人塔的表演中传达了信息，起到了协调和指导的作用，没有音乐可能会导致表演混乱。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：底部是由最强壮的人组成的，因为他们必须承受所有的重量。 A. smartest最聪明的；B. bravest最勇敢的；C. tallest最高的；D. strongest最强壮的。根据下文中“because they have to carry all the weight”可知，底部的人需要承受所有的重量，应该是强壮的人。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：较轻的人构成了树干的层次。较轻的人最终成为树干的层次。 A. pick up捡起；B. make up编造，构成；C. end up最终成为；D. dress up打扮。根据下文中“Lighter people”和“the levels of the trunk”可知，较轻的人组成了树干的层次。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他/她最终到达塔顶时，人群欢呼起来！ A. desperately绝望地；B. approximately大约；C. ultimately最终；D. occasionally偶尔。根据下文中“reaches the top”可知，此处表示他/她最终到达了塔顶。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，最危险的部分还在后面。 A. dangerous危险的；B. destructive破坏性的；C. disastrous灾难性的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文中“The anxaneta quickly climbs down the castle, followed by the rest of the levels. Bodies ____ glide down bodies — unless the tower collapses, which often happens at this stage”可知，最危险的部分是叠塔队员从塔上下来的时候，因为这时塔很容易倒塌。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：身体优雅地从身体上滑下来——除非塔倒塌了，这在这个阶段经常发生。 A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. clumsily笨拙地；C. hopefully希望地；D. gracefully优雅地。根据下文中“unless the tower collapses, which often happens at this stage”可知，叠塔队员在下来的时候需要小心谨慎，以防塔倒塌，但即使如此，他们仍然能够优雅地滑下来，但需要注意的是，这里的gracefully并不强调他们的动作有多么优美或高雅，而是强调他们在保证安全的前提下能够顺利地滑下来。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：掌声一直持续到城堡被拆下并且每个人都安全为止。 A. passed down传递下来；B. taken down拆下；C. turned down拒绝；D. set down记下。根据下文中“and everyone is safe”可知，此处表示是所有人都安全了，也就是活动结束了，城堡被安全地拆下。故选B。 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When international travelers began arriving in China in early 2023 following a three-year hiatus (停滞), many may have found that routine daily tasks ____36____ (pose) challenges. More at ease with cash and credit cards and unfamiliar with Chinese apps, they experienced difficulties ____37____ (perform) tasks such as paying with QR codes and booking tickets online. But China is making efforts to address the ____38____ (convenience) many international visitors may face during their stay. New initiatives are making travel around China ____39____ (easy) in comparison to previous period. Alipay and Wexin Pay, China’s digital payment services, now allow users to link international credit cards and make mobile payments in a way similar ____40____ locals. Meanwhile, China is varying its means of payment to provide services ____41____ (design) for foreign visitors. An increasing number of businesses upgrade their payment systems ____42____ begin accepting international credit cards. While the major ride-hailing app Didi Chuxing boasts ____43____ user-friendly English interface (界面), museums and other attractions have been called on to develop websites ____44____ provide multilingual booking services and maintain in-person ticketing services. Since the introduction of a trial visa-free policy for visitors from certain countries, more countries _____45_____ (add) to the list. With continued efforts from the government as well as business and cultural sectors, travel experience in China will only become more enjoyable. 【答案】36. posed 37. performing 38. inconvenience 39. easier 40. to 41. designed 42. and 43. a 44. which##that 45. have been added 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 2023 年初国际旅行者在经历三年停滞后来到中国时，在日常事务如电子支付、线上订票等方面遇到诸多挑战，中国采取诸多措施和不断努力，为外国游客提供更愉快的体验。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：在停滞了三年之后，2023年初，当国际游客开始抵达中国时，许多人可能发现日常工作带来了挑战。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语“in early 2023”可知描述的是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时，故填posed。 【37题详解】 考查动名词。句意：他们更方便使用现金和信用卡，不熟悉中文应用程序，因此在使用二维码支付和在线订票等任务时遇到了困难。短语“experience difficulties (in) doing sth”意为“做某事有困难”，应用动名词，故填performing。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：但中国正在努力解决许多国际游客在逗留期间可能面临的不便。设空处为宾语，应用名词，表示“不便”，故填inconvenience。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：与前一时期相比，新的举措使在中国旅行变得更加容易。设空处为形容词做补语，根据下文“in comparison to previous period”可知应是比较级形式，故填easier。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：中国的数字支付服务支付宝（Alipay）和微信支付（Wexin Pay）现在允许用户连接国际信用卡，并以类似于本地的方式进行移动支付。短语similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意，故填to。 【41题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：与此同时，中国正在改变支付方式，为外国游客提供服务。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词services，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填designed。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：越来越多的企业升级了他们的支付系统，开始接受国际信用卡。设空处前后两部分表并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然主要的叫车应用滴滴出行拥有用户友好的英文界面，但博物馆和其他景点已被要求开发提供多语种预订服务的网站，并维护现场购票服务。设空处修饰名词English interface 表泛指，应用冠词，并且空后user-friendly 以辅音音素开头，故填a。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词websites，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，故填which/ that。 【45题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从对某些国家的游客试行免签证政策以来，更多的国家被列入名单。设空处为谓语，根据Since短语，可知，应用现在完成时，主语more countries和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，并且主语是复数，谓语也要用复数形式，故填have been added。 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分，共40分） 46. 假定你是某国际学校学生李华，参与了上周学校环保社举办的“生活中的小智慧”创意制作展。请你给朋友Lina写一封邮件，分享此次活动。要点如下： 1. 简介活动内容； 2. 分享你的创意作品； 3. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Lina, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Lina, I’m excited to share with you the “Wisdom in Daily Life” creative exhibition held by our school’s environmental club last week. Students showcased innovative ideas for a greener lifestyle. I made a solar-powered desk lamp using recycled materials. It’s not only eco-friendly but also energy-efficient. I’m proud of my creation! Many of my classmates also presented amazing projects, and it was great to see everyone’s creativity. The event inspired me to think creatively about sustainability. It was a fantastic learning experience. Hope you can join us next time! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友Lina写一封邮件，分享自己参与上周学校环保社举办的“生活中的小智慧”创意制作展的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 展览：exhibition → show/display 展示：showcase → demonstrate 了不起的：amazing → marvelous/extraordinary 极好的：fantastic → wonderful 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I made a solar-powered desk lamp using recycled materials. 拓展句：I made a desk lamp, which is powered by solar energy and made from recycled materials. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m excited to share with you the “Wisdom in Daily Life” creative exhibition held by our school’s environmental club last week. (运用了过去分词作后置定语) [高分句型2] I made a solar-powered desk lamp using recycled materials.(运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语) [高分句型3] It’s not only eco-friendly but also energy-efficient. (运用了not only...but also...并列结构) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was in the bleak midwinter, and the traveling couple, trudged (费力地走) through the cold night, seeking shelter. The father- to- be scanned the roadside for some home, some inn, some stable where his struggling companion might rest safely for the night. He looked over at her frequently. She labored along without complaint, her way made heavier by the new life growing inside her. They needed a warm, dry place safe from the bitter wind. When her time came, it must not be out here along the roadway. Gus Kiebel, a county wildlife officer, was driving home from work when he spotted the pair in the flash of his headlights. It was snowing so hard that it was difficult to see, but he could tell the dogs were wearing collars and tags. What were they doing out here on this stretch of wooded road, when it was too cold for dogs to go outside? Gus parked his truck and approached the animals. He squatted (蹲下) and stretched out his hands to the beagles, which made no effort to escape. He read their tags by his truck’s headlights: The female was named Pepper, and the male was Cooper. He pulled out his phone to call the number listed, but it was snowing so hard that his screen blurred. He placed the dogs in his truck, on the floorboards on the passenger side. By the time he came around to the driver’s side, they had climbed onto the passenger seat and were snuggled (依偎) together there. Gus dried his phone, snapped a picture of the pair and sent it to his wife, Katic Kiebcl. Then he dialed the number from the dogs’ tags. A man answered and immediately grew defensive when Gus told him why he was calling. “I gave those dogs away,” the man said.“ They’ re not mine anymore.” “ Well, do you want them back?” “ No. I can’t take care of them.” The man hung up. These beagles were abandoned, then. Gus looked over at them, their large ho und eyes pleading. Gus called the county dog warden’s office, but it was after hours, so he left a message. Then he called Katie. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1:“ You cannot put them back out in the snowstorm,” she said.“ Bring them home.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Already having a family dog, Gus phoned a nearby animal welfare center the next day. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“You cannot put them back out in the snowstorm,” she said. “Bring them home.” Gus nodded in agreement. When he arrived home, the beagles seemed relieved to be in a warm place. Katie welcomed them with open arms. She prepared a cozy corner for them with blankets and food. The beagles, Pepper and Cooper, wagged their tails gratefully. That night, as the snow continued to fall outside, they found comfort and safety in their new temporary home. Already having a family dog, Gus phoned a nearby animal welfare center the next day. The staff at the center promised to take in the beagles and find them suitable forever homes. Soon, they arrived to pick up Pepper and Cooper. Gus and Katie were a bit sad to see them go but knew it was for the best. As the beagles were led away, they looked back as if to say thank you. With hope in their hearts, Gus and Katie knew that these abandoned dogs would soon find the love and care they deserved. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Gus在寒冷的冬夜发现并救助了两只被遗弃的比格犬，以及随后为它们寻找新家的过程。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘你不能把它们再放回暴风雪里，’她说，“带它们回家。”以及第二段首句内容“由于家里已经有一只狗，Gus第二天给附近的一家动物福利中心打了电话。”可知，第一段可描写Gus将两只狗带回了家，两只狗也得到了很好的照顾。 ②由第二段首句内容“由于家里已经有一只狗，Gus第二天给附近的一家动物福利中心打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写两只狗被动物福利中心所收养，动物福利中心会帮它们找新家，它们得到了应得的爱和关怀。 2.续写线索：两只狗带回家——得到很好照顾——向动物福利中心求助——承诺收养这两只狗——充满了感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①到达：arrive/reach ②继续：continue/go on ③承诺：promise/make a promise 情绪类 ①感激地：gratefully/with gratitude ②悲伤的：sad/downhearted 【点睛】【高分句型1】When he arrived home, the beagles seemed relieved to be in a warm place. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】That night, as the snow continued to fall outside, they found comfort and safety in their new temporary home. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $