2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级上册语法——定语从句

定语从句 定语从句 分层学习目标 1. 基础薄弱生：分清定语、先行词，会选用 that/which/who 基础关系词，读懂简单定语从句句子 2. 中等学生：掌握只用 that / 只用 which 场景、who/whom/whose、介词 + 关系代词、主谓一致，能拆分中等长度长难句 3. 拔尖学生：吃透 as 用法、the same…as/that 区别、多层定语长难句翻译、作文灵活复合句运用 目录 趣味破冰｜巧用小学缩句功底，解锁英语核心语法！ 3 逐层拆解｜认识英语三类定语 3 1. 英语定语的三种形式 3 2. 定义 3 定语从句基础核心概念 4 六大关系代词｜逐词深度精讲 4 易错考点精讲 6 考点 1 that & which 典型用法 6 考点 2 whose, who, whom 用法归纳 7 考点 3 关系代词 as 易混难点 8 考点 4 介词 + 关系代词结构 8 考点 5 定语从句主谓一致 9 中考实战运用 9 中考真题长难句拆分 9 中考作文专项｜定语从句中译英实战 13 🔥 不用死磕陌生语法！本节课零基础通关秘诀：借力小学必会的缩句知识！趣味破冰｜巧用小学缩句功底，解锁英语核心语法！ 📝 闯关小任务：给句子“瘦身”，写出最简主干，圈出被删减的修饰内容，思考：删掉的部分起什么作用？ 1. 穿着红色连衣裙的女孩是我的同学。 主干：__________ 被删除修饰部分：__________1.主干：女孩是同学；删除：穿着红色连衣裙的（修饰女孩） 2. 桌子上的崭新书本非常有用。 主干：__________ 被删除修饰部分：__________2. 主干：书本有用；删除：桌子上的、崭新的（修饰书本） 3. 在操场上奔跑的帅气男孩赢得了比赛。 主干：__________ 被删除修饰部分：__________3. 主干：男孩赢得了比赛；删除：在操场上奔跑的、帅气的（修饰男孩） 语文语法中：修饰、限定名词的成分属于修饰语（包含定语）； 英语语法中：专门用来修饰、限定名词或代词的成分，统称为定语。逐层拆解｜认识英语三类定语 1. 英语定语的三种形式 原句：The girl is my classmate.女孩是我的同学 ①单词作定语：The pretty girl is my classmate. （最简单） 修饰词pretty（漂亮的），单个单词修饰名词，对应语文“帅气的、崭新的” ②短语作定语：The girl in red is my classmate. （进阶） 修饰短语in red（穿红衣服的），词组修饰名词，对应语文“桌子上的” ③句子作定语：The girl who wears red is my classmate. （新课重点：定语从句） 用一个完整的句子修饰前面的名词girl，由完整句子构成的定语，就是定语从句 2. 定义 定语：修饰、限定名词/代词，翻译 “…的”； 定语从句：由完整主谓结构构成、用于修饰限定名词/代词的从句。参考答案 1. 定语：thin｜单词作定语 2. 定语：on the ground｜短语作定语 3. 定语：useful｜单词作定语 4. 定语：warm｜单词作定语 5. 定语：small、wooden｜单词作定语 6. 定语：who talks loudly in public｜句子（定语从句） 7. 定语：with glasses｜短语作定语 8. 定语：that won the English competition｜句子（定语从句） 9. 定语：beside the river｜短语作定语 10. 定语：which her favourite singer writes｜句子（定语从句） 做题要求：划出定语，标注「单词/短语/句子」 1. The thin boy won the running race. 2. The wallet on the ground is mine. 3. This useful dictionary helps me a lot. 4. The warm sunshine makes us comfortable. 5. A small cat sleeps under the wooden table. 6. I dislike the person who talks loudly in public. 7. The man with glasses is our math teacher. 8. Do you know the student that won the English competition? 9. The house beside the river was built last year. 10. She likes the songs which her favourite singer writes. 1. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词/代词，永远在从句前面定语从句基础核心概念 2. 关系词：连接主句 + 从句，替代先行词，在从句中充当成分 3. 关系词分类 关系代词（中考必考）：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词（仅了解，不深挖）：when（时间）、where（地点）、why（原因） 4. 结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句 5. 例句：I like the song that you sang yesterday. 先行词：the song；关系词：that；从句：you sang yesterday 六大关系代词｜逐词深度精讲 所有关系代词代入定语从句后，必须在从句中充当句子成分（主语/宾语/定语），绝不可以多余空置；这也是判断关系词对错的核心依据！ 1. 关系代词 that 1. 例句：指代人、作从句主语（不可省略）：The girl that helped me is my deskmate. 指代物、作从句主语（不可省略）：The book that lies on the desk is mine. 指代人、作从句宾语（可省略）：The teacher (that) we met just now is kind. 指代物、作从句宾语（可省略）：The pen (that) I bought yesterday works well. 2. 指代范围：既可指人，也可指物 3. 在从句中充当的成分：主语、宾语 4. 省略规则：作宾语可省略；作主语绝对不可省略 2. 关系代词 which 1. 例句：指代物、作从句主语（不可省略）：The bike which is red belongs to me. 指代物、作从句宾语（可省略）：The movie (which) we watched last night is wonderful. 非限制性定语从句（逗号后专用）：I lost my new bike, which made me very sad. 介词提前结构（介词后专用）：This is the room in which I studied for three years. 2. 指代范围：只能指物，绝对不能指人 3. 在从句中充当的成分：主语、宾语 4. 省略规则：作宾语可省略；作主语不可省略；介词后、逗号后一律不可省略 3. 关系代词 who 1. 例句：常规用法：指代人、作从句主语（不可省略）：The teacher who teaches us English is very patient. 固定句型 Anyone who…：Anyone who breaks the school rules will be punished. 固定句型 Those who…：Those who work hard will get good grades. 2. 指代范围：只能指人，不能指物 3. 在从句中充当的成分：仅作主语（核心考点！who绝对不作宾语） 4. 省略规则：作主语，一律不可省略 4. 关系代词 whom 1. 例句：普通动词后作宾语（可省略）：The boy (whom) you met at the gate is my brother. 介词提前后作宾语（不可省略、专属用法）：The girl with whom I chatted just now is my deskmate. 正式书面语用法：The player whom we chose won the competition. 2. 指代范围：只能指人，不能指物 3. 在从句中充当的成分：仅作宾语 4. 省略规则：普通动词后作宾语可省略；介词提前后置绝对不可省略 5. 关系代词 whose 1. 例句：指代人（表所属）：I know a student whose father is a doctor. 指代物（表所属）：We live in a house whose window faces south. 2. 指代范围：可指人、可指物（中考唯一表“所属关系”的关系代词） 3. 在从句中充当的成分：仅作定语（修饰名词，统一翻译为“…的”） 4. 省略规则：修饰名词作定语，一律不可省略 6. 关系代词 as 1. 例句：the same…as（同类不同物）：This is the same pen as yours. the same…that（同一事物，拓展区分）：This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. such…as（定语从句用法）：She is such a nice girl as everyone likes. 非限制性定语从句（句首通用）：As we all know, the earth goes around the sun. 非限制性定语从句（句中通用）：The plan, as we expected, worked perfectly. 2. 指代范围：可指人、可指物、可指代整件事（特殊功能性代词） 3. 在从句中充当的成分：主语、宾语 4. 省略规则：所有固定句式、专用句型中一律不可省略 关系代词核心汇总表 关系代词 指代人 指代物 从句成分 能否省略 that √ √ 主语、宾语 宾语可省 which × √ 主语、宾语 宾语可省 who √ × 仅主语 不可省 whom √ × 仅宾语 普通情况可省 whose √ √ 仅定语 不可省 as √ √ 主语、宾语 不可省 考点 1 that & which 典型用法易错考点精讲 只用 that，不用 which 的 6 类场景 1. 先行词同时包含人＋物 语法规则：当定语从句的先行词既有人、又有物时，只能用that，不能用which。 例句：The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all. 2. 先行词被序数词修饰 语法规则：先行词被 first、second、last 等序数词修饰时，只能用that。 例句：This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here. 3. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰 语法规则：先行词被 highest、best、most exciting 等最高级修饰时，只能用that。 例句：The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city. 4. 先行词为不定代词或被其所修饰 语法规则：先行词为 all、nothing、anything、much、little 等不定代词或被其修饰时，只能用that。 例句：All that glitters is not gold. / Is there anything that I can do for you? 5. 先行词被限定特指词修饰 语法规则：先行词被 only、very、little、all 等表特指、限定的词修饰时，只能用that。 例句：This is the very pen that I am looking for. 6. 主句以特殊疑问词who/which开头 语法规则：为避免句式重复、逻辑混乱，主句以 Who / Which 开头的疑问句，定语从句统一用that。 例句：Which book is the one that you recommended? / Who is the person that you saw yesterday? 配套分层专项习题 【基础习题1】Look at the boy and the dog ____ are running in the park. A. which B. that C. who 拔高易错警示：先行词同时含人+物，禁止用which，只能用that 【基础习题2】This is the second story ____ I read. 【提升易错习题3】This is the most exciting trip ____ we have ever had. 【基础习题4】All ____ he said is true. 【拔高习题5】This is the very magazine ____ I want to borrow. 【易错习题6】Which is the student ____ won the first prize? 1. B（that）｜考点：先行词同时含人+物，只用that 2. that｜考点：序数词修饰先行词，只用that 3. that｜考点：最高级修饰先行词，只用that 4. that｜考点：不定代词all作先行词，只用that 5. that｜考点：very特指修饰先行词，只用that 6. that｜考点：which特殊疑问词开头主句，从句用that 只用 which，不用 that 的 2 类场景 1. 逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句（语法填空易考） This is the English dictionary, which cost me $10 yesterday. Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office. 2. 介词提前，介词 + which 结构 Is this the room in which Mr. White lives? We have entered into an age at which dreams have the best chance of coming true. 【提升易错】This is the house ________ we lived last year. A. in which B. in that C. which 特殊拓展（初中了解即可）：the way 作先行词（方式状语） 规则：the way 在从句作方式状语，引导词三选一： in which /that/ 省略 The way (in which /that/ 不填) he explains the sentence is quite simple. I don’t like the way that you speak to your mum. 考点 2 whose, who, whom 用法归纳 1. whose 同义转换公式：whose + n. = the + n. + of whom/which = of whom/which + the + n. 例句：I know a student whose brother is a doctor. = I know a student the brother of whom is a doctor. 【基础】The girl ________ bag is red is my deskmate. 【拔高句型转换】The house’s window faces south.（用 whose 改写） 答案：填空：whose 句型转换：The house whose window faces south is very beautiful. 2. who 固定句型：Anyone who… / Those who…（不可替换that） Anyone who breaks the school rules will be punished. 【基础】The lady ________ stands there is our teacher. 答案：who / that 3. whom 用法：介词后只能用 whom，禁止用 who The girl whom/who you met is my cousin. The girl with whom I talked just now is my cousin. 【提升易错】The boy _______ I spoke just now is Tom. 答案：to whom 考点 3 关系代词 as 易混难点 1. 固定搭配：such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…, the same…that 2. 语义区分： the same…as：同类不同物； This is the same bag as I bought yesterday.这个包和我昨天买的那个一样。（同款，不是同一个） the same…that：同一个物品/人。 This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.这就是我昨天丢的那个包。 3. 易混辨析： such…as（定语从句，as 充当主/宾）； She is such a kind girl as everyone likes.她是一个人人都喜欢的善良的女孩。 as作like的宾语，修饰girl such…that（结果状语从句，that 不作成分） She is such a kind girl that everyone likes her.她是一个如此善良的女孩，以至于每个人都喜欢她。 从句主谓宾齐全，that 仅连接，表如此…以至于 【基础】I never see such a student ________ he is. 【拔高辨析】She is such a kind girl ________ everyone likes her.（that 结果状语） She is such a kind girl _________ everyone likes.（as 定语从句） 考点 4 介词 + 关系代词结构 1. 规则：介词后关系代词严格受限，指人只能用whom、指物只能用which，绝对不能用that / who 2. 介词选择三大判断依据： ①依据从句谓语动词固定搭配：介词由从句动词的固定搭配决定 chat with sb. 与某人交谈：The girl with whom I chatted just now is my new classmate. wait for sb. 等待某人：The boy for whom we are waiting will come soon. look after sb. 照顾某人：The old lady about whom he talks is his grandma. depend on sth. 依靠某物：This is the rule on which we depend. listen to sth. 聆听某物：This is the soft music to which I often listen. ②依据先行词固定搭配：介词由前面先行词的固定搭配、固有属性决定 age（年代）→ in：We live in an age in which information spreads quickly. room（房间）→ in：This is the small room in which I studied for three years. price（价格）→ at：I don’t know the price at which this book is sold. reason（原因）→ for：This is the main reason for which he gave up the plan. school（学校）→ at：This is the school at which I studied as a child. ③依据语境逻辑（时间/地点/方式）判断：无固定搭配，根据句子语义、场景选用介词 表时间（during 在……期间）：I still remember the summer during which I learned to swim. 表方式（by 通过……）：I admire the way by which he solves difficult problems. 表伴随（with 带有）：I like the pen with which you write articles.分层课堂小练 【基础】The girl with ____ I chatted is my deskmate. 【拔高】With ____ help, I passed the exam. 答案：1. whom 2. whose 考点 5 定语从句主谓一致 1. 规则：关系代词作从句主语时，谓语单复数跟随先行词 例句：The girl who likes painting is my deskmate.（先行词the girl为单数，从句谓语用单数likes） The girls who like painting are my deskmates.（先行词the girls为复数，从句谓语用复数like） 2. 两类特殊结构（易错题） ① one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句 → 从句谓语复数 She is one of the students who like painting. ② the only /very one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句 → 从句谓语单数 She is the only one of the students who likes painting. 【基础】He is one of the boys who _________ (play) football. 【拔高】He is the only one of the boys who __________ (play) football. 参考答案：1.play 2.plays 中考实战运用 中考真题长难句拆分 做题要求：①用专属符号标注全句成分 ②圈出所有从句、拆分句式结构 ③标注对应从句名称 ④书写完整通顺中文翻译 基础真题组（基础薄弱生必做｜基础限制性定语从句） （2025 无锡外国语一模）Haimen is a beautiful place which has a long history and rich culture. _________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏苏州中考）The volunteer who helps old people in need is very warm-hearted. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏盐城中考）We should value every chance that we get in our study and life. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 无锡锡山二模）The book that introduces traditional Chinese culture is popular among students. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏常州中考）Anyone who keeps working hard will finally achieve their dreams. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏镇江中考）This is the first public library that has been built in our town. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 无锡江阴二模）The park that lies beside the lake attracts lots of visitors every weekend. __________________________________________________________________________ 提升真题组（中等生必做｜最高级/序数词/不定代词特殊考点） （2026 江苏统考中考）This is the most interesting book that I have ever read in junior high school. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏南通中考）All that we need for success is persistence and self-confidence. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡最新模考）There is nothing that can stop a determined student from moving forward. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏扬州中考）He is the very teacher that can guide us to solve difficult problems. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏连云港中考）This is the most valuable experience that I have gained in my school life. ________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡滨湖一模）Everything that he does is full of responsibility and carefulness. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏泰州中考）We will never forget all the moments that happened in our junior school. __________________________________________________________________________ 拔高真题组（优等生冲刺｜介词+关系代词/非限制性/多层定语） （2026 无锡中考压轴模考）This is the classroom in which we held our school English speech contest last month. ______________________________________________________________________ （2025 苏州中考压轴）She won the national writing competition, which surprised all her teachers and classmates. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 无锡二模拔高）The famous writer with whom we communicated yesterday shared lots of writing skills. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏徐州中考）We are living in an age in which digital technology develops rapidly. __________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡江阴压轴）The middle school whose teaching style is creative wins wide praise from parents. __________________________________________________________________________ （2025 无锡中考全真模拟压轴）The ancient town in which local people live has kept many traditional customs that we should pass down. ______________________________________________________________________ 综合拔高加练（混杂插入语/多层后置定语/多从句嵌套｜中考阅读压轴长难句） （2026 无锡新吴二模）Many small habits that we develop in daily life, in fact, play a more important role in our growth than we expect. ___________________________________________________________________________ （2026 江苏南通中考）The volunteers who devote their free time to helping people in need are the ordinary people that warm the whole society. ___________________________________________________________________________ （2025 无锡外国语二模）We firmly believe that every effort which we make on the road to dreams will finally bring us unexpected gains. _________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡江阴二模）Books that record traditional culture and carry national spirits are the most valuable treasures that we must protect and inherit. ___________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏苏州中考压轴）Those students who are good at self-management, as most teachers agree, are more likely to achieve long-term progress in their studies. _______________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡锡山二模）The community which provides various public services for residents has organized lots of meaningful activities that enrich people’s spare time. ___________________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏常州中考）There is no doubt that the positive attitude that we hold towards life can change the difficulties that we meet with. ___________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡河埒中学模考）The old buildings standing in the city center, which have witnessed hundreds of years of changes, are precious cultural heritage we cannot lose. _______________________________________________________________________ （2025 江苏连云港中考）Anyone who dares to challenge difficulties and keeps working hard will finally get the results that they deserve. _________________________________________________________________________ （2026 无锡格致中学压轴）The experience that we gain from every failure, which always teaches us valuable lessons, helps us become stronger and more independent. _______________________________________________________________________ 参考答案｜成分解析+精准翻译（圈画步骤略） 基础组答案 1. 先行词：a beautiful place；定语从句：which has a long history and rich culture（which作主语）；主干：Haimen is a beautiful place.；翻译：海门是一座拥有悠久历史和丰富文化的美丽小城。 2. 先行词：the volunteer；定语从句：who helps old people in need（who作主语）；主干：The volunteer is very warm-hearted.；翻译：这位帮扶困难老人的志愿者十分热心。 3. 先行词：every chance；定语从句：that we get in our study and life（that作宾语）；主干：We should value every chance.；翻译：我们应当珍惜学习和生活中遇到的每一次机会。 4. 先行词：the book；定语从句：that introduces traditional Chinese culture（that作主语）；主干：The book is popular among students.；翻译：这本介绍中国传统文化的书籍深受学生喜爱。 5. 先行词：anyone；定语从句：who keeps working hard（who作主语）；主干：Anyone will finally achieve their dreams.；翻译：任何坚持努力的人终将实现自己的梦想。 6. 先行词：the first public library；定语从句：that has been built in our town（that作主语）；主干：This is the first public library.；翻译：这是我镇建成的第一座公共图书馆。 7. 先行词：the park；定语从句：that lies beside the lake（that作主语）；主干：The park attracts lots of visitors.；翻译：这座坐落于湖边的公园每周末都吸引大量游客。 提升组答案 8. 先行词：the most interesting book；定语从句：that I have ever read in junior high school（that作宾语）；主干：This is the most interesting book.；翻译：这是我初中阶段读过最有趣的一本书。 9. 先行词：all；定语从句：that we need for success（that作宾语）；主干：All is persistence and self-confidence.；翻译：成功所需的一切就是坚持与自信。 10. 先行词：nothing；定语从句：that can stop a determined student from moving forward（that作主语）；主干：There is nothing.；翻译：没有什么能够阻挡意志坚定的学生奋勇向前。 11. 先行词：the very teacher；定语从句：that can guide us to solve difficult problems（that作主语）；主干：He is the very teacher.；翻译：他正是能够指导我们攻克难题的那位老师。 12. 先行词：the most valuable experience；定语从句：that I have gained in my school life（that作宾语）；主干：This is the most valuable experience.；翻译：这是我校园生活中收获的最宝贵的经历。 13. 先行词：everything；定语从句：that he does（that作宾语）；主干：Everything is full of responsibility and carefulness.；翻译：他做的每一件事都饱含责任心与细心。 14. 先行词：all the moments；定语从句：that happened in our junior school（that作主语）；主干：We will never forget all the moments.；翻译：我们永远不会忘记初中时光里的所有美好瞬间。 拔高组答案 15. 先行词：the classroom；定语从句：in which we held our school English speech contest last month（which作介词宾语）；主干：This is the classroom.；翻译：这就是我们上个月举办校园英语演讲比赛的教室。 16. 先行词：前文整句话；定语从句：which surprised all her teachers and classmates（which作主语，非限制性定语从句）；主干：She won the national writing competition.；翻译：她赢得了全国作文比赛，这让她所有的老师和同学都倍感惊喜。 17. 先行词：the famous writer；定语从句：with whom we communicated yesterday（whom作介词宾语）；主干：The famous writer shared lots of writing skills.；翻译：我们昨天交流的那位知名作家分享了许多写作技巧。 18. 先行词：an age；定语从句：in which digital technology develops rapidly（which作介词宾语）；主干：We are living in an age.；翻译：我们生活在一个数字技术飞速发展的时代。 19. 先行词：the middle school；定语从句：whose teaching style is creative（whose作定语表所属）；主干：The middle school wins wide praise from parents.；翻译：这所教学风格新颖的中学赢得了家长们的广泛好评。 20. 先行词1：the ancient town；先行词2：many traditional customs；定语从句1：in which local people live；定语从句2：that we should pass down；主干：The ancient town has kept many traditional customs.；翻译：当地人居住的这座古镇保留了许多我们应当传承的传统民俗。 21. 先行词：many small habits；插入语：in fact；定语从句：that we develop in daily life（that作宾语）；主干：Many small habits play a more important role in our growth.；翻译：事实上，我们在日常生活中养成的许多小习惯，对我们的成长起着比我们预想更重要的作用。 22. 先行词1：the volunteers；先行词2：the ordinary people；定语从句1：who devote their free time to helping people in need（who作主语）；定语从句2：that warm the whole society（that作主语）；主干：The volunteers are the ordinary people.；翻译：那些利用空闲时间帮扶弱势群体的志愿者，正是温暖整个社会的平凡人。 23. 先行词：every effort；宾语从句嵌套定语从句；定语从句：which we make on the road to dreams（which作宾语）；主干：We firmly believe that every effort will bring us unexpected gains.；翻译：我们坚信，我们在追梦路上付出的每一份努力，终将为我们带来意想不到的收获。 24. 先行词1：books；先行词2：the most valuable treasures；定语从句1：that record traditional culture and carry national spirits（that作主语）；定语从句2：that we must protect and inherit（that作宾语）；主干：Books are the most valuable treasures.；翻译：记载传统文化、承载民族精神的书籍，是我们必须守护和传承的最宝贵的财富。 25. 先行词：those students；插入语：as most teachers agree；定语从句：who are good at self-management（who作主语）；主干：Those students are more likely to achieve long-term progress.；翻译：正如大多数老师所认可的，那些擅长自我管理的学生，更容易在学习中取得长期进步。 26. 先行词1：the community；先行词2：lots of meaningful activities；定语从句1：which provides various public services for residents（which作主语）；定语从句2：that enrich people’s spare time（that作主语）；主干：The community has organized lots of meaningful activities.；翻译：这个为居民提供各类公共服务的社区，举办了许多丰富人们业余生活的有益活动。 27. 先行词1：the positive attitude；先行词2：the difficulties；同位语从句嵌套定语从句；定语从句1：that we hold towards life（that作宾语）；定语从句2：that we meet with（that作宾语）；主干：The positive attitude can change the difficulties.；翻译：毫无疑问，我们对待生活的积极心态，能够化解我们遇到的各种困境。 28. 先行词：the old buildings；后置定语：standing in the city center；非限制性定语从句：which have witnessed hundreds of years of changes（which作主语）；省略关系词定语从句：we cannot lose；主干：The old buildings are precious cultural heritage.；翻译：矗立在市中心的这些古老建筑，见证了数百年的岁月变迁，是我们不可遗失的宝贵文化遗产。 29. 先行词1：anyone；先行词2：the results；多层定语从句嵌套；定语从句1：who dares to challenge difficulties and keeps working hard（who作主语）；定语从句2：that they deserve（that作宾语）；主干：Anyone will finally get the results.；翻译：每一个敢于挑战困境、坚持拼搏的人，终将收获属于自己的成果。 30. 先行词1：the experience；先行词2：前文整句话；插入语定语从句嵌套；定语从句1：that we gain from every failure（that作宾语）；非限制性定语从句：which always teaches us valuable lessons（which作主语）；主干：The experience helps us become stronger and more independent.；翻译：我们从每一次失败中汲取的经验，总能教会我们宝贵的道理，助力我们变得更加坚强、独立。 中考作文专项｜定语从句中译英实战 做题要求：必须使用对应层级定语从句完成翻译，禁止单用简单句。 基础层级｜薄弱生必练 适配话题：人物介绍、校园日常、兴趣爱好 1. 我有一位乐于助人的老师。 _____________________________________________________ 2. 这是一本介绍中国传统美德的书籍。 _____________________________________________________ 3. 那些坚持努力的学生终会收获进步。 _____________________________________________________ 4. 我喜欢能让我放松的户外运动。 _____________________________________________________ 5. 那位正在帮助同学的女孩是我的同桌。 _____________________________________________________ 提升层级｜中等生必练 适配话题：难忘经历、成长感悟、活动总结 1. 这是我初中以来参加过最有意义的志愿活动。 _____________________________________________________ 2. 这是我们班级本学期开展的第一项公益活动。 _____________________________________________________ 3. 所有能帮助他人的行为都值得我们学习。 _____________________________________________________ 4. 没有什么能阻挡我们追逐梦想的脚步。 _____________________________________________________ 5. 这正是我一直在寻找的学习方法。 _____________________________________________________ 拔高层级｜优等生冲刺 适配话题：人物赞美、文化传承、活动感悟 1. 这位老师责任心很强，他的教导让我受益匪浅，这让我十分敬佩他。 ______________________________________________________________ 2. 这座拥有百年历史的古镇保留了许多传统习俗，值得我们代代传承。 ______________________________________________________________ 3. 他是唯一一个在英语竞赛中获奖的学生，这为我们班级赢得了荣誉。 ______________________________________________________________ 4. 我很珍惜那些陪伴我成长的朋友，他们的鼓励给予我前行的力量。 ______________________________________________________________ 满分参考译文（答案仅供参考，可一题多解。） 基础层级答案 1. I have a teacher who is always ready to help others. 2. This is a book that introduces traditional Chinese virtues. 3. Those students who keep working hard will finally make progress. 4. I like outdoor sports that can make me relaxed. 5. The girl who is helping her classmates is my deskmate. 提升层级答案 1. This is the most meaningful volunteer activity that I have taken part in since junior high school. 2. This is the first public welfare activity that our class has held this term. 3. All behaviors that can help others are worth learning for us. 4. There is nothing that can stop us from chasing our dreams. 5. This is the very learning method that I have been looking for. 拔高层级答案 1. This teacher is very responsible, whose guidance benefits me a lot, which makes me admire him greatly. 2. The ancient town which has a hundred-year history has kept many traditional customs that we should pass down from generation to generation. 3. He is the only student who won the English competition, which brings honor to our class. 4. I treasure the friends who accompany me to grow up, whose encouragement gives me strength to move forward. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $