江苏南京市鼓楼区2025-2026学年高二下学期英语期末试卷

**基本信息** 试卷以时代性情境与文化融合为特色，通过旅游指南、历史人物、心理研究、AI科技等素材，全面考查语言能力、文化意识与思维品质，适配高中期末综合评估需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读|4篇/37.5分|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|融入AI token（科技前沿）、《红楼梦》（文化传承）等素材，考查信息筛选与逻辑分析| |七选五|5题/12.5分|语篇衔接|以“无聊对儿童成长的价值”为主题，培养批判性思维| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇辨析、语境理解|通过“修剪杜鹃花与保护鸟巢”情境，渗透人与自然和谐理念| |语法填空|10题/15分|语法规则、词形变化|涉及中国武术、《红楼梦》翻译，强化文化意识| |写作|2题/40分|应用文写作、故事续写|志愿者面试建议（语言应用）、咖啡店诚信故事（价值引领），综合考查表达与思维品质|

江苏南京市鼓楼区2025-2026学年高二下学期英语期末试卷 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 2026.06 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A How to Spend a Perfect Day in Shanghai Cut a dash through this Chinese city from the tree-shaded, heritage shopping streets to the brightly-lit urban wonderland of the Bund. Locals here work hard and play harder, so the energy is intense-and the people-watching is second to none. 10 a.m.: The heritage shopping streets Art deco and classical villas line avenues such as the Wukang and Anfu Roads. Today you’ll find tailors, bike mechanics and jewellers here like the questionably named Blackhead. Also look out for Culture Matters for classic trainers by Chinese brand Feiyue; and Deja Vu, a three-storey vintage boutique (精品店) with designer clothing and a used-book store. 12 p.m.: Dumpling delights In the Huangpu quarter, head up Huanghe Road ---- one of Shanghai’s few remaining “food streets”. Once common, these streets, dotted with restaurants and stands, have gradually been replaced by new construction. But Huanghe Road remains ---- partly because of the popularity of JiaJia Tang Bao, a rough-and-ready diner serving steamers of xiaolongbao. These dumplings come stuffed with pork, chicken or veg and hot, sour soup. 3 p.m.: A walk in the park City gardens are the pride of Shanghai and of senior citizens, who come for tai chi or to play cards. Walk along Xiangyang Park’s landscaped trails, facing the onion-domed Russian Church. Carry on 15 minutes down Huaihai Road to relax in Fuxing Park. At lunch, you might catch a game of flag football or ultimate frisbee (飞盘), both popular with young Shanghainese. 7 p.m.: The money shot At sunset there’s nowhere more exciting than the Bund walk. Nobody leaves Shanghai without selfies (自拍) from the historic river walk, with the lighted Pearl Tower. But few know about the minimalist fifth-floor bar at the perfectly positioned Regent Hotel on the Bund, where the curved balcony gives you a bird-eye view of the city. 21. If you are fond of fashion, which of the following places would attract you most? A. Pearl Tower. B. Wukang Road. C. Huanghe Road. D. Xiangyang Park. 22. What do the activities recommended for 3 p.m. and 7 p.m. have in common? A. They both encourage visitors to take outdoor sports. B. They both involve enjoying Shanghai’s natural scenery. C. They both offer opportunities to appreciate the city’s sights. D. They both cover visits to high-rise buildings along the road. 23. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A personal blog. B. A travel magazine. C. A historical research paper. D. A government tourism report. B Few names in the history of magic bring more wonder and fascination than Harry Houdini, a legendary escape artist who turned impossible tasks into breathtaking live shows. Born in Budapest, Hungary, on March 24, 1874, he moved to the United States with his family at the age of four. He grew up in a common family in Wisconsin and lived a simple life in his childhood. He deeply admired a French magician named Jean Eugene Robert-Houdin, so he created his stage name after him, which later became a symbol of thrilling and surprising escape performances. Houdini’s early career was far from successful. For years, he struggled to make a living by performing card tricks and small illusions (幻象) at carnivals and streets shows. His life changed completely when he discovered his extraordinary talent for breaking free from tight controls. His simple handcuff (手铐) escape acts slowly developed into brave and amazing tricks that attracted audiences across the world. He freed himself from locked milk cans filled with water, got out of the dangerous Water Torture Cell while hanging upside down, and even survived after being buried six feet underground. These heart-stopping performances earned him the nickname “The Handcuff King” and made him one of the highest-paid entertainers of his time. Beyond his stage career, Houdini dedicated himself to exposing immoral and dishonest wizards who took advantage of sorrowful families. These people cheated sad families by pretending to communicate with their dead relatives. Believing that truth should never be sacrificed for profit, Houdini felt a strong responsibility to protect ordinary people from being cheated. Drawing on his comprehensive knowledge of magic skills, he clearly revealed how these cheaters created false illusions to fool common people. This meaningful act won him great praise, but also brought him some disagreement and criticism. Unfortunately, Houdini’s remarkable life came to a sudden end in 1926, when he was only 52 years old. Up to now, almost a century has passed, but Houdini’s innovative spirit still influences the world. His creative ideas, wonderful performing skills and persistent pursuit of truth continue to encourage modern performers and people who stick to facts, ensuring his place as the greatest escape artist who ever lived. 24. What do we know about Harry Houdini from paragraph 1? A. He was raised in a wealthy family. B. He was the best magician in the world. C. His childhood contributed to his success D. “Houdini” was representative of escape acts. 25. Why did Houdini become one of the highest-paid entertainers of his time? A. He was skilled at performing small tricks in streets. B. His early card tricks helped him build a reputation. C. He invented magic devices like the Water Torture Cell. D. His escape performances appealed to people worldwide. 26. What motivated Houdini to reveal wizards? A. His qualities of integrity and honesty. B. His eagerness to gain public admiration. C. His previous experience of being cheated. D. His desire to prove his amazing magic skills. 27. What can we learn from Harry Houdini’s story? A. Both professional skills and morality are important. B. Talent is the key to achieving greatness in any field. C. True success comes from good luck and persistence. D. Fame and wealth can bring both admiration and criticism. C As a saying goes, “Second place is just the first loser.” Humans are born to compete. They battle for position in line to get on an airplane. They compare how many “likes” they have on social media. We see billionaires envy multimillionaires, and that famous actors complain about the Oscar which should have been theirs. Although the competitive spirit may be natural, it does not always lead to human progress. On the contrary, it can create misery for ourselves and others. Fortunately, without unrealistically suggesting that we entirely dispense with our competitive urge, we can solve the problem simply: instead of always going for gold, shoot for the bronze. While second place may feel like “the first loser”, third place can actually be the winner when it comes to happiness and even lifespan. Research on Olympic athletes found bronze medalists consistently happier than silver medalists, and another study showed they also lived the longest: bronze medalists reached 78 on average, compared to 76 for gold medalists and 72 for silver medalists. There is a handy explanation for this difference: “Unsatisfactory competition outcomes may affect health negatively.” In other words, silver medalists see themselves as the first loser because they look up to the top step and compare themselves only with the gold medalists, while the bronze winners compare themselves favorably with all the others who never made it onto the podium (领奖台) at all. This shows the difference between upward and downward social comparison. When we compare ourselves with those who have more money, power, or achievements, we often feel like losers. In contrast, downward comparison makes people feel better about themselves and, thus, happier. In fact, researchers have found that comparing our own circumstances with the unfortunate ones is a reliable technique for reducing a negative mood. The happiness strategy of competing for gold every day is foolish. One problem with the competition against others is that it tends to lower the inner motivation and enjoyment from daily activities. However, trying to improve your own past performance provides a sense not of “winning” but of progress. And the only person to whom you will have to compare yourself is you. 28. What does the underlined phrase “dispense with” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Live with. B. Struggle with. C. Get rid of. D. Run out of. 29. Why are bronze medalists happier than silver ones according to the study? A. They live much longer than other athletes. B. They care less about what others think of them. C. They pay little attention to competition results. D. They make downward social comparisons. 30. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Social comparison ought to be avoided. B. Competing with others helps gain inner joy. C. Being the first brings people lasting-satisfaction. D. Seeking constant progress beats winning against others. 31. What may be the best title for the text? A. The Pain of Being a Silver Medalist B. Why Bronze Medalists Are Happier C. Why Competition Is a Double-edged Sword D. The Secret of Living a Longer, Happier Life D Grams, liters, and kilowatt-hours define the scales of consumption in the physical world. We calculate the weight of goods, volume of drinks and electricity use with these familiar standard. Today, token has emerged as a new fundamental unit of measurement in the AI era. Unlike traditional physical units, all conversations and operations between users and AI assistants are valued and charged in the form of tokens. A token is the basic information unit that large language models use to process natural language, translated as “ciyuan” in Chinese. Text is first separated by a tokenizer into punctuation marks (标点符号), Chinese characters, words, or phrases, which are then changed into numerical vectors (向量). AI “thinks” by calculating the contextual relationships between these vectors. Notably, token consumption goes far beyond the number of words we see on the screen: system languages, conversational history context, and the model’s internal reasoning steps all consume tokens. In AI agent situations, breaking down tasks and having multi-round calls can even cause token consumption to increase sharply. A common phenomenon is that the price of output tokens is typically six times that of input tokens for the same model. This is not because output requires more computational power, but because of the remarkable difference in computational efficiency. Input processing uses the massively parallel computations that GPUs better at, delivering extremely high efficiency. Output, however, must be generated in order-each token depends on the previous one-leaving GPUs waiting for data transfers from memory most of the time, resulting in a computational efficiency of only 1% to 5%. This fundamental issue starts from the bottleneck of the Von Neumann architecture, where computation and storage are separated, a problem that current technology can only ease but not fundamentally solve. In recent years, token prices have dropped significantly: at the beginning of 2023, GPT-4-level performance cost about $20 per million tokens; by 2026, this has dropped to $0.4. Just as falling mobile data prices boosted the short-video industry, the continued decline in token prices will definitely reshape the boundaries of AI applications and transform our future lives dramatically. 32. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By citing an example. B. By giving a definition. C. By making a comparison. D. By presenting a context. 33. How does “tokenizer” work? A. It turns natural language into Chinese characters. B. It transforms numerical vectors into readable text. C. It breaks down text into basic units for AI processing. D. It calculates the contextual relationships between words. 34. What can we infer from the price difference between input and output tokens? A. The computer architecture needs improvement. B. The price gap will disappear with GPU advance. C. Output tokens require more computational power. D. Output generation is slower due to complex reasoning. 35. What is the anthor’s attitude towards the use of token? A. Hopeful. B. Critical. C. Unconcerned. D. Objective. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nowadays, parents tend to help their kids stay away from boredom by putting children in tutoring classes or in front of screens. Some might see it as a negative emotion that they don’t want their children to experience. ______36______ Boredom is a signal that a change is needed. Whether it is a change in scenery, activity, or company, boredom encourages children to seek something different. ______37______ Psychologists have found that the experience of boredom can lead to discovering new goals, trying new activities and making new friends. ______38______ A reasonable break time leaves room to ask the big questions in life and find meaning. With their mind wandering and reviewing personal experiences, children have the chance to think independently and explore their inner world. Beyond encouraging reflection, boredom teaches children how to manage themselves as well. Learning to manage boredom and other negative emotions is an important life skill. ______39______ When children manage their own time, it can help them develop executive function, which includes the ability to set goals and make plans. Parents can support this process by giving children more opportunities to handle boredom on their own. ______40______ Then start with small doses of boredom and work up to longer stretches of unstructured time: getting kids outside, suggesting a new game or recipe, or simply resting. As children get used to occasional boredom, it will take them longer to become bored in the future. People find life less boring once they regularly experience boredom. So the next time a kid complains, “I’m bored!” don’t feel guilty or depressed. Let this natural emotional state do wonders. A. It gently pushes children out of their comfort zone. B. In fact, boredom benefits children in many aspects. C. Let them know that Boredom is a normal part of life. D. Spending time alone can sometimes help children grow. E. This ability plays a vital role in children’s future growth. F. Others will claim boredom creates a pleasant atmosphere. G. Boredom can also create valuable opportunities for reflection. 第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 If left untouched, the azalea (杜鹃花) beside my house would take over the entire yard. It stands 7 feet tall, and I have to keep it in ____41____. Otherwise, it would consume the yard and ____42____ spread toward the foundation of my house. Last spring, I grabbed my pruning shears, ____43____ to cut the overgrown bush. I had already made good progress on half of it and was about to attack the top, when suddenly a brown bird ____44____ the azalea. I froze, then leaned in to observe closely, and ____45____ a nest with three tiny, featherless chicks. We often ____46____ we are somehow locked in our concrete worlds while wild creatures belong somewhere far away. ____47____, they live alongside us. As Henry Beston wrote, animals are “other nations”, sharing the same air, the same sunlight. We ought to ____48____ the impact we have on their lives, and treat them with ____49____. The birds had chosen this azalea for its ____50____ growth, which offered a hidden, secure ____51____ from hawks and other natural enemies. I realized I could not go on pruning, ____52____ the chicks were fragile, barely a week old, and would not survive if the nest was disturbed. I put down my shears and walked away, leaving the azalea half cut. It looked ____53____ at first glance, but it had become a warm, safe home for the birds. I had made the right ____54____ ---- for we share this planet, and we must learn to live in ____55____ with the natural world around us. 41. A. check B. sight C. security D. balance 42. A. yet B. even C. still D. rather 43. A. affording B. promising C. endeavoring D. managing 44. A. jumped out of B. fled out of C. crashed into D. dived into 45. A. obtained B. searched C. examined D. spotted 46. A. approve B. conclude C. assume D. anticipate 47. A. Simply B. Actually C. Naturally D. Normally 48. A. produce B. recognize C. justify D. reserve 49. A. preference B. patience C. privilege D. respect 50. A. messy B. organic C. rapid D. wild 51. A. shelter B. route C. guidance D. platform 52. A. if B. though C. unless D. since 53. A. awkward B. ordinary C. incredible D. awesome 54. A. arrangement B. comparison C. decision D. inference 55. A. coincidence B. harmony C. cooperation D. association 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As traditional Chinese culture gains increasing popularity across the globe, numerous foreign (56)_____________(enthusiast) devote themselves to exploring and promoting it. Brandon Collins-Green, or Lin Buran in Chinese, is a Canadian artist, Fond of Chinese classical literature, he expresses his understanding of A Dream of Red Mansions, an (57)_____________(influence) novel in Chinese history, by painting. Often drawing throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works. Brandon loves learning about (58)_____________ minimalist lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So far, I have read the novel (59)_____________(thorough) three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles, and dialogues (60)_____________ English, and completed over I million words of essays and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies. The (61)_____________(great) influence of A Dream of Red Mansions on me was my outlook on life. I have come to realize (62)_____________ matters most is not material possessions but spiritual well-being,” said Brandon. Timur Kurvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese martial arts fan. He (63)_____________(win) martial arts championships multiple times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan martial arts team “(64)_____________(regard) as a treasure of Chinese civilization, Chinese martial arts are not just a sport but also showcase Confucian, Taoist, and Buddhist ideas, (65)_____________ the philosophical concept of Harmony between Heaven and Humans’ is reflected. It mirrors the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the universe,” he said. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第1节 应用文写作（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的交换生朋友Tom即将参加南京博物院 (Nanjing Museum)的志愿者招聘面试，他感到十分紧张，写信向你征求建议。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括: (1) 表示安慰; (2) 面试注意事项 (至少2点): (3) 表达祝愿。 注意: (1) 写作词数应80左右; (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第2节 （满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mark, a diligent college student, balanced his academic pursuits with a part-time job at a bustling coffee shop in downtown Chicago. It was a chaotic Friday evening; the smell of roasted beans mixed with the impatient murmurs of a long queue. When the “Closed” sign was finally turned over, Mark’s muscles ached for hours of standing. He dragged his tired feet to the counter, wiping away the spilled coffee and counting the cash register. While checking the cash register, his heart suddenly skipped a beat. There, nestled among the bills, was an extra one hundred dollars ---- crisp, unfolded, and clearly out of place. The memory hit him instantly. Earlier, a distracted businessman in a sharp gray suit had paid for his order with a large bill. Overwhelmed by endless orders and urgent shouts, Mark had been in a hurry to serve the next customer and forgot to give him the full change. The man, preoccupied with his phone calls, had hurried out without noticing. To an ordinary person, it was just a mistake. But to Mark, it was a lifeline. That crisp bill represented his overdue rent and several days of groceries. The shop’s daily earnings was already substantial, and his manager rarely double-checked the extra cash carefully. He could easily slip the money into his pocket, and the difference would likely disappear into the store’s unclear accounts, unnoticed by anyone. However, a heavy sense of guilt quickly clouded his mind, weighing him down like a stone. He glanced up at the blinking red light of the security camera in the corner, feeling as though it were judging him. He thought of his parents, who had always reminded him of the value of honesty despite their own financial struggles. Standing in the silent, dimly lit shop, Mark found himself trapped in a fierce internal battle: the desperate relief of financial security against the heavy, inescapable weight of his morality. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Taking a deep breath, Mark made a decision. ___________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ A week later, familiar figure walked into the coffee shop. _________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 第一部分：听力（略） 第二部分：阅读 第1节 21~23 BCB 24~27 DDAA 28~31 CDDB 32~35 CCAA 第2节 36~40 BAGEC 第三部分：语言应用 第一节：41~45 ABCAD 46~50 CBBDD 51~55 ADACB 第二节： 56. enthusiasts 57. influential 58. the 59. thoroughly 60. into 61. greatest 62. what 63. has won 64. Regarded 65. where 第四部分：写作 应用文写作范文 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear you’re nervous about the volunteer interview for Nanjing Museum. Take it easy! You’ve prepared plenty and are fully qualified, so there’s no need to worry too much. Here are some practical tips for you. First, dress neatly and politely to leave a good first impression. Second, introduce yourself confidently and show your passion for Chinese history and communication willingness, which matters most for museum volunteers. Besides, keep eye contact with interviewers while answering questions. Wish you good luck and perfect performance in the interview! Yours, Li Hua 读后续写范文 Taking a deep breath, Mark made a decision. Instead of pocketing the money to cover his rent and living costs, he resolved to return the hundred dollars to its owner. He searched through the store’s sales records and the surveillance footage, carefully noting down the time the businessman placed his order. He then reported the whole incident to his manager right away. Moved by his honesty, the manager helped him post a notice outside the shop with detailed information to look for the customer. Though still worried about his tight budget, Mark felt a huge load lifted off his chest, proud that he stuck to his principle. A week later, familiar figure walked into the coffee shop. It was exactly the businessman in the gray suit. He had realized he never received his full change days ago and came to check the shop. Mark greeted him warmly and handed back the one hundred dollars, explaining the whole accident. Deeply impressed by Mark’s integrity, the businessman praised him sincerely. What’s more, he offered Mark a well-paid weekend tutoring job for his child. Honesty not only brought Mark peace of mind but also rewarded him with a brighter way to ease his financial trouble. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $