内容正文:
Unit 1 The Changing World
课文要点全解(含知识点讲解+翻译+巩固练习)
Section A
知识点1:take place(发生;举行)——P.2 Section A标题
教材原句:
· What changes have taken place around you?(P.2 Section A标题)你周围发生了哪些变化?
· Now great changes have taken place. (P.5 4c)现在发生了巨大的变化。
讲解:
take place 意为"发生;举行",常指按计划或安排发生的事。
【辨析】take place / happen / occur
词项
含义
用法
take place
发生;举行
常指按计划或安排发生的事
happen
发生
常指偶然发生的事
occur
发生
较正式用语
翻译:
· Great changes have taken place in my hometown.
我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
· The meeting will take place at 9 o'clock.
会议将在9点举行。
巩固练习:用 take place / happen 的适当形式填空。
1. The meeting ___________________ at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
2. A car accident ____________________ on the highway yesterday.
3. Great changes ____________________ in my hometown in the past ten years.
4. An idea ____________________ to me when I was reading.
5. The sports meeting will ____________________ next Friday.
答案详解:
1. will takes place—— “明天上午9点”是将来的时间,会议按计划举行,用take place;一般将来时结构为will + 动词原形,故填will take place。
2. happened——车祸是偶然发生的事,用happen;由yesterday可知用一般过去时happened。
3. have taken place——"在过去的十年里"强调对现在的影响,用现在完成时;主语changes为复数,助动词用have。
4. occurred / happened——想法是突然出现的,用occur或happen均可;由was可知用一般过去时。
5. take place——校运会是按计划举行,用take place;will后接动词原形。
知识点2:over the years(这些年来)——P.2 1a
教材原句:
· The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown over the years. (P.2 1a)
这些照片展示了李瑞的家乡多年来的变化。
讲解:
over the years 意为"这些年来;多年来",常与现在完成时连用。
over the past + 时间段 在过去的……里
翻译:
· Over the years, great changes have taken place in my hometown.
这些年来,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
· Over the past 20 years, she has changed a lot.
在过去的20年里,她变了很多。
巩固练习:用 over the years / in the past + 时间段 完成句子。
1. ____________________, she has changed a lot.
2. ____________________ 20 years, great changes have taken place in our town.
3. My hometown has become more beautiful ____________________.
4. ____________________, I have learned a lot from my teachers.
答案详解:
1. Over the years——"多年来"与现在完成时has changed搭配,用Over the years。
2. In the past——"在过去的20年里"用In the past + 时间段。
3. over the years——"这些年来"与现在完成时has become搭配,置于句末。
4. Over the years——"多年来"与现在完成时have learned搭配,置于句首。
知识点3:conversation(对话)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· Listen to a telephone conversation. (P.2 1b)听一段电话对话。
讲解:
conversation [可数名词] 对话;谈话
have a conversation with sb 与某人谈话
翻译:
· I had a long conversation with my teacher.
我和老师进行了一次长谈。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我和老师进行了一次长谈。
I __________ a long____________________ with my teacher.
2. 他们在进行一场关于家乡变化的对话。
They are having a _____________________ about the changes in their hometown.
答案详解:
1. had; conversation——have a conversation with sb为固定搭配;由"进行了"可知用一般过去时had。
2. conversation——"进行一场对话"用have a conversation,由are having可知用单数conversation。
知识点4:relationship(关系)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather?(P.2 1b)
乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷之间是什么关系?
讲解:
relationship [可数名词] 关系;联系
the relationship between A and B A与B之间的关系
翻译:
· The relationship between the two countries is very good.
这两个国家之间的关系非常好。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这两个国家之间的关系非常友好。
The ____________________ between the two countries is very friendly.
2. 父母和孩子之间的关系很重要。
The ____________________ between parents and children is very important.
答案详解:
1. relationship——"……之间的关系"用the relationship between A and B。
2. relationship——父母和孩子之间的关系,同样用relationship。
知识点5:between(在……之间)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather?(P.2 1b)
乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷之间是什么关系?
讲解:
between [介词] 在……之间(两者之间)
between A and B 在A和B之间
翻译:
· I sit between Tom and Lucy.
我坐在汤姆和露西之间。
巩固练习:用 between / among 填空。
1. I sit __________ Tom and Lucy.
2. The village is __________ the two mountains.
3. There is a lot of competition __________ the students in our class.(三者以上)
4. The teacher is standing __________ the door and the window.
答案详解:
1. between——Tom和Lucy是两个人,两者之间用between。
2. between——两座山之间用between。
3. among——"学生们"是三者以上,用among。
4. between——门和窗是两者之间,用between。
知识点6:become(变得;成为)——P.2 1b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.(P.2 1b / 听力P.102)
大约20年前他成了你祖父的好朋友。
· Everyone has become richer and happier.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
每个人都变得更富足、更幸福了。
讲解:
become [系动词] 变得;成为,后接名词或形容词作表语。
翻译:
· She became a doctor when she was 25.
她25岁时成为了一名医生。
巩固练习:用 become / get / turn 的适当形式填空。
1. She ____________________ a doctor when she was 25.
2. The weather ____________________ warmer and warmer.
3. He ____________________ angry when he heard the news.
4. The leaves ____________________ yellow in autumn.
5. My dream has ____________________ true.
答案详解:
1. became——成为医生,用become;由was可知用一般过去时became。
2. became / got——天气变暖,become/get均可;描述过去情况用一般过去时。
3. became / got——生气,become/get均可;由heard可知用一般过去时。
4. turn——叶子变黄是自然变化规律,用turn;描述一般情况用一般现在时。
5. come——梦想成真为固定搭配come true;has后用过去分词come。
知识点7:ago(……之前)——P.2 1b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (P.2 1b / 听力P.102)
大约20年前他成了你祖父的好朋友。
· We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.
(P.3 2c / 听力P.102)直到10年前我们才有好的购物场所。
讲解:
ago 表示"……之前",从现在算起,用于一般过去时。
before 表示"……之前",从过去某一时间算起,常用于过去完成时。
翻译:
· I visited my hometown two years ago.
我两年前拜访了我的家乡。
巩固练习:用 ago / before 填空。
1. I visited my hometown two years____________________.
2. I had seen the film ____________________ _.
3. He left here three days____________________.
4. She said she had met him____________________.
5. My grandfather died 10 years____________________.
答案详解:
1. ago——从现在算起两年前,用ago;与一般过去时visited搭配。
2. before——表示"在过去的某个时间点之前",用于过去完成时,用before。
3. ago——从现在算起三天前,用ago;与一般过去时left搭配。
4. before——表示"在她说的那个时间之前",用于过去完成时,用before。
5. ago——从现在算起十年前,用ago;与一般过去时died搭配。
知识点8:现在完成时(have/has done)——(P.4 3a)
教材原句:
· Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.(P.4 3a)
现在,他们中更多的人已经回来在这里生活和工作了。
· Our village has just built a new hospital.(P.4 3a)
我们村刚建了一家新医院。
讲解:
现在完成时由"助动词 have/has + 过去分词"构成,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作。
for ages = for a long time(很长时间)
【注意】for + 时间段 与 since + 时间点:
· for + 时间段:持续多长时间
· since + 时间点:从某个时间点开始
翻译:
· I haven't seen him for three years.
我已经三年没见他了。
· She has lived here since 2010.
她从2010年起就住在这里。
巩固练习:
一、用 for / since 填空。
1. I haven't seen him _______________ three years.
2. She has lived here _______________ 2010.
3. We have been friends _______________ ages.
4. He has worked in this company _______________ last year.
5. They have waited _______________ two hours.
二、单项选择。
(北京中考)I __________ my pen pal since last year.
A. have written to B. wrote to C. write to D. am writing to
答案详解:
一、
1. for——three years是时间段,用for。
2. since——2010是时间点,用since。
3. for——ages是时间段(= a long time),用for。
4. since——last year是时间点,用since。
5. for——two hours是时间段,用for。
二、答案:A
解析:由时间状语"since last year"可知应用现在完成时,排除B、C、D。故选A。
知识点9:by bus / by + 交通工具(乘……)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
在崎岖的道路上乘公交车上学需要将近40分钟。
讲解:
表示乘坐交通工具时,用 by + 交通工具单数,交通工具前不加冠词。
by bus / by train / by plane / by bike
nearly [副词] 几乎;差不多
翻译:
· I go to school by bus.
我乘公交车上学。
巩固练习:用 by + 交通工具 完成句子。
1. I go to school __________.(乘公交)
2. She travels to Beijing __________.(乘火车)
3. They went to Shanghai __________.(乘飞机)
4. He rides __________ to work every day.(骑自行车)
5. We will go to the zoo __________.(乘地铁)
答案详解:
1. by bus——乘公交车,by + 交通工具,用by bus。
2. by train——乘火车,用by train。
3. by plane——乘飞机,用by plane。
4. by bike——骑自行车,用by bike。
知识点10:rough(崎岖的)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
在崎岖的道路上乘公交车上学需要将近40分钟。
· Before then, the only transport links...were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.
(P.6 1b)在此之前……唯一的交通连接是崎岖的道路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路线。
讲解:
rough [形容词] 崎岖的;不平的
翻译:
· The sea was rough.
海上风浪很大。
巩固练习:用 rough / smooth 填空。
1. The road was so _______________ that we felt very uncomfortable.
2. The sea is _______________ today. There are big waves.
3. The surface of the table is very _______________.
4. The _______________ roads made driving difficult.
答案详解:
1. rough——不舒服说明路崎岖不平,用rough。
2. rough——有大浪说明海面不平静,用rough。
3. smooth——桌面是光滑的,用smooth。
4. rough——使驾驶困难说明路崎岖,用rough。
知识点11:used to do sth(过去常常做某事)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
我们过去不得不走很远去看医生。
· There used to be sandstorms all the time.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)过去总是有沙尘暴。
· I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm...(P.4 3a)我过去在一个小农场种一些蔬菜……
讲解:
used to do sth 表示过去习惯性的动作或存在的状态,暗含现在已不再发生或不存在。
【辨析】used to do / be used to doing / be used to do
结构
含义
例句
used to do
过去常常做某事(现在不做了)
I used to get up late.
be used to doing
习惯于做某事
I am used to getting up early.
be used to do
被用来做某事(被动)
Wood is used to make paper.
have to 不得不;必须——强调客观需要,有人称、数和时态变化。
翻译:
· I used to walk to school, but now I take the bus.
我过去步行上学,但现在坐公交。
巩固练习:
一、用 used to do / be used to doing / be used to do 的适当形式填空。
1. He _______________ get up late, but now he gets up early.
2. She _______________ living in the city now.
3. Wood _______________ make paper.
4. There _______________ a river here.
5. I _______________ the hot weather here.
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
(四川泸州中考)他过去特别安静。
He _______________ _______________ really quiet.
三、用 have to 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________(不得不)finish my homework before dinner.
2. She _______________(不得不)stay at home because of the rain yesterday.
3. We _______________(将不得不)leave early tomorrow morning.
答案详解:
一、
1. used to——与now形成对比,表示"过去常常"用used to。
2. is used to——now表示现在,且后跟动名词living,表示"习惯于"用be used to doing。
3. is used to——木材被用来造纸,被动意义,用be used to do。
4. used to——表示过去存在的状态,用used to。
5. am used to——后跟名词the hot weather,表示"习惯于"用be used to。
二、答案:used to be
解析:考查used to do sth"过去常常做某事"这一固定搭配,后接动词原形be。
三、
1. have to——客观需要,一般现在时,I后用have to。
2. had to——客观需要,由yesterday可知用一般过去时had to。
3. will have to——客观需要,tomorrow morning表示将来,用will have to。
知识点12:be covered with(被……覆盖)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The hills used to be covered with sand.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)这些山丘过去被沙子覆盖。
· Now they have been covered with beautiful trees!(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
现在它们已经被美丽的树木覆盖了!
讲解:
be covered with 意为"被……覆盖",covered 是过去分词作表语。
翻译:
· The ground is covered with snow in winter.
冬天地面被雪覆盖。
· The table was covered with a white cloth.
桌子被一块白布覆盖着。
巩固练习:用 be covered with 的适当形式填空。
1. The ground _______________ snow in winter.
2. The table _______________ a white cloth.
3. The hills _______________ beautiful trees now.
4. The whole mountain _______________ white after the heavy snow.
答案详解:
1. is covered with——描述一般情况,用一般现在时is covered with。
2. was covered with——描述过去的状态,由语境可知用一般过去时was covered with。
3. are covered with——now表示现在状态,主语hills为复数,用are covered with。
4. was covered with——大雪之后山被雪覆盖,描述过去的状态,用was covered with。
知识点13:现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been + 过去分词)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Now they have been covered with beautiful trees!(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
现在它们已经被美丽的树木覆盖了!
讲解:
现在完成时的被动语态结构为 have/has been + 过去分词,表示"已经被……"。
翻译:
· The bridge has been built.
这座桥已经建好了。
· The work has been finished.
这项工作已经被完成了。
巩固练习:用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The work _______________ already _______________.(finish)
2. The new hospital _______________ just _______________ by the government.(build)
3. The trees _______________ since 2010.(plant)
4. The bridge _______________ last year.(complete,被动语态)
5. The classroom _______________ just _______________ by the students.(clean)
答案详解:
1. has been; finished——work与finish为被动关系,already提示用现在完成时,助动词用has。
2. has been; built——hospital与build为被动关系,just提示用现在完成时,助动词用has。
3. have been planted——trees与plant为被动关系,since 2010提示用现在完成时,助动词用have。
4. was completed——bridge与complete为被动关系,last year提示用一般过去时,助动词用was。
5. has been; cleaned——classroom与clean为被动关系,just提示用现在完成时,助动词用has。
P.3
知识点14:rank(排名)——P.3 2a
教材原句:
· Rank the following problems from 1 to 4, with 1 being the worst. (P.3 2a)
将下列问题从1到4排序,1为最严重。
讲解:
rank [动词] 给……排名;把……分等级
rank...from...to... 把……从……到……排序
worst [形容词] 最差的;最严重的(bad 的最高级)
bad → worse(更差的)→ worst(最差的)
翻译:
· Please rank these books from the most interesting to the least.
请把这些书从最有趣到最没趣排序。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 请把这些书从最有趣到最没趣排序。
Please _______________ these books from the most interesting to the least.
2. 他在班上排名第一。
He _______________ first in his class.
答案详解:
1. rank——排序用动词rank。
2. ranks——排名第一用rank first;描述一般情况用一般现在时,主语He为第三人称单数,加-s。
知识点15:sandstorm(沙尘暴)/ 复合词——P.3 2a / 2b
教材原句:
· sandstorms(P.3 2a)沙尘暴
· There used to be sandstorms all the time.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)过去总是有沙尘暴。
讲解:
sandstorm [可数名词] 沙尘暴,由 sand + storm 构成。
其他复合词:
· greenhouse(温室)= green + house
· highway(公路)= high + way
· railway(铁路)= rail + way
· farmland(农田)= farm + land
all the time 一直;总是
翻译:
· He is listening to music all the time.
他一直在听音乐。
巩固练习:用所给词组合成复合词并填空。
green sand high rail farm
1. A _______________ is used to grow plants in cold weather.
2. A _______________ carries sand and dust.
3. We need more _______________ to grow food.
4. The new _______________ has cut travel time.
5. The _______________ connects the two cities.
答案详解:
1. greenhouse——温室,由green + house构成,用于在寒冷天气种植植物。
2. sandstorm——沙尘暴,由sand + storm构成。
3. farmland——农田,由farm + land构成。
4. railway——铁路,由rail + way构成。
5. highway——公路,由high + way构成。
知识点16:shortage / lack(短缺)——P.3 2a
教材原句:
· farmland shortage(P.3 2a)耕地短缺
· lack of technology(P.3 2a)技术缺乏
讲解:
shortage [可数名词/不可数名词] 短缺;不足(强调"供应不足")
lack [名词/动词] 缺乏(强调"完全没有或不足")
for lack of... 因为缺乏……
翻译:
· There is a serious shortage of water in this area.
这个地区严重缺水。
· He lacks confidence.
他缺乏自信。
巩固练习:用 shortage / lack 填空。
1. There is a serious _______________ of water in this area.
2. We can't finish the work for _______________ of time.
3. He _______________ confidence.
4. The _______________ of food caused many problems.
5. I can't buy the book because of _______________ of money.
答案详解:
1. shortage——"严重缺水"强调供应不足,用shortage。
2. lack——"因为缺时间"用for lack of。
3. lacks——"缺乏信心"lack作动词,主语He为第三人称单数,加-s。
4. shortage——"食物短缺"强调供应不足,用shortage。
5. lack——"因为缺钱"用because of lack of。
知识点17:比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越……)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The fields were getting smaller and smaller. (P.3 2b / 听力P.102)田地变得越来越小。
讲解:
比较级 + and + 比较级 表示"越来越……"
翻译:
· The weather is getting colder and colder.
天气越来越冷了。
· Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
我们的国家变得越来越强大。
巩固练习:用所给词的比较级 + and + 比较级 填空。
1. The weather is getting _______________ and_______________.(cold)
2. Our country is becoming _______________ and _______________.(strong)
3. Life is getting _______________ and _______________.(good)
4. She is getting _______________ and _______________.(beautiful)
5. The days are getting _______________ and _______________.(long)
答案详解:
1. colder; colder——cold的比较级为colder。
2. stronger; stronger——strong的比较级为stronger。
3. better; better——good的比较级为better。
4. more; more beautiful——beautiful的比较级为more beautiful。
5. longer; longer——long的比较级为longer。
知识点18:bush / root / soil / hold...together——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We found a small bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together.
(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)我们发现了一棵小灌木。它有长长的根,能把土壤固定在一起。
讲解:
bush [可数名词] 灌木
root [可数名词] 根
soil [不可数名词] 土壤
hold...together 把……固定在一起;使……不分离
巩固练习:
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们发现了一棵小灌木。
We found a small_______________.
2. 它有长长的根。
It had long _______________.
3. 根能把土壤固定在一起。
Roots can _______________ the_______________ together.
答案详解:
1. bush——灌木用bush。
2. roots——根用root,由"长长的"可知用复数roots。
3. hold; soil——把……固定在一起用hold...together;土壤用soil。
知识点19:定语从句(关系代词 that)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· It had long roots that could hold the soil together.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
它有长长的根,能把土壤固定在一起。(that指物,作主语)
讲解:
定语从句 在句中作定语,修饰名词或代词。被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。
关系代词 that 既可以指人,也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
翻译:
· The book that I read is very interesting.
我读的那本书很有趣。(that作宾语,指物)
· The man that is speaking is my teacher.
正在说话的那个人是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)
巩固练习:用 that 合并句子。
1. The book is very interesting. I read it.
→ The book __________ I read is very interesting.
2. The man is my teacher. He is speaking.
→ The man __________ is speaking is my teacher.
3. The roots hold the soil together. They are long.
→ The roots __________ hold the soil together are long.
4. The road is very wide. It was built last year.
→ The road __________ was built last year is very wide.
答案详解:
1. that——先行词book指物,that在从句中作read的宾语。
2. that——先行词man指人,that在从句中作主语。
3. that——先行词roots指物,that在从句中作主语。
4. that——先行词road指物,that在从句中作主语。
知识点20:sandy / 形容词后缀 -y——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We began planting it in sandy areas.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)我们开始在沙地种植它。
讲解:
sandy [形容词] 含沙的;铺满沙子的,由 sand + -y 构成。
rain → rainy(下雨的)
wind → windy(有风的)
cloud → cloudy(多云的)
sun → sunny(晴朗的)
begin doing sth 开始做某事(= begin to do sth)
翻译:
· It began raining/to rain.
开始下雨了。
巩固练习:
一、用所给名词的形容词形式填空。
1. It's _______________ today. Take your umbrella.(rain)
2. The _______________ day made it hard to see.(cloud)
3. The _______________ beach is beautiful.(sand)
4. It's a _______________ night. The branches are moving.(wind)
5. The weather is _______________ and warm.(sun)
二、用 begin 的适当形式填空。
1. It _______________(开始下雨)when we left home.
2. We _______________(开始种植)trees in spring.
答案详解:
一、
1. rainy——下雨的,由rain + y构成。
2. cloudy——多云的,由cloud + y构成。
3. sandy——沙质的,由sand + y构成。
4. windy——刮风的,由wind + y构成。
5. sunny——晴朗的,由sun + n + y构成(需双写n)。
二、
1. began to rain / began raining——begin doing/to do均可;由left可知用一般过去时began。
2. began to plant / began planting——begin doing/to do均可;描述过去情况用一般过去时。
知识点21:provide(提供)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The government provided support too.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)政府也提供了支持。
讲解:
provide [动词] 提供
provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
support [名词/动词] 支持
翻译:
· The school provides students with free lunch.
学校为学生提供免费午餐。
· We should support each other.
我们应该互相支持。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 学校为学生提供免费午餐。
The school _______________ students _______________ free lunch.
= The school _______________ free lunch _______________ students.
2. 政府为受灾地区提供帮助。
The government _______________ help _______________ the disaster area.
答案详解:
1. provides; with——provide sb with sth;provides; for——provide sth for sb。描述一般情况用一般现在时,主语school为第三人称单数,provide加-s。
2. provides; for——provide sth for sb,主语government为第三人称单数,provide加-s。
知识点22:fewer / less(更少的)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· There are fewer sandstorms now and the environment is getting better.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
现在沙尘暴更少了,环境正在变得更好。
讲解:
· fewer:修饰可数名词复数(few的比较级)
· less:修饰不可数名词(little的比较级)
environment [可数名词/不可数名词] 环境
protect the environment 保护环境
翻译:
· There are fewer cars on the road today.
今天路上的车更少了。
· There is less water in the bottle.
瓶子里水更少了。
巩固练习:用 fewer / less 填空。
1. There are _______________ cars on the road today.
2. There is _______________ water in the bottle now.
3. I have _______________ friends than before.
4. We need to spend _______________ time on games.
5. _______________ students were late today.
6. She has _______________ money than I do.
答案详解:
1. fewer——cars为可数名词复数,用fewer。
2. less——water为不可数名词,用less。
3. fewer——friends为可数名词复数,用fewer。
4. less——time为不可数名词,用less。
5. Fewer——students为可数名词复数,用fewer。
6. less——money为不可数名词,用less。
知识点23:improve(改善;提高)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· It has also improved our lives. Everyone has become richer and happier.
(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)它也改善了我们的生活。每个人都变得更富足、更幸福了。
讲解:
improve [动词] 改善;提高
improve one's life 改善某人的生活
everyone [不定代词] 每人;所有人——作主语时谓语动词用单数。
【注意】everyone 与 every one 的区别:
· everyone 只能指人
· every one 可以指人或物,常与 of 连用
翻译:
· My English has improved a lot.
我的英语提高了很多。
巩固练习:
一、用 improve 的适当形式填空。
1. My English has _______________ a lot.
2. The new policy has _______________ our lives.
3. We should try to _______________ our working conditions.
二、用 everyone / every one 填空。
1. _______________ should protect the environment.
2. _______________ of the books is interesting.
3. _______________ is here. Let's begin.
答案详解:
一、
1. improved——has提示现在完成时,用过去分词improved。
2. improved——has提示现在完成时,用过去分词improved。
3. improve——should后接动词原形。
二、
1. Everyone——指所有人,作主语,用everyone。
2. Every one——后接of + 名词,指"每一本书",用every one。
3. Everyone——指所有人,作主语,用everyone。
知识点24:not...until...(直到……才……)——P.3 2c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.(P.3 2c / 听力P.102)
直到10年前我们才有好的购物场所。
讲解:not...until... 意为"直到……才……",until 引导时间状语从句,主句动词为非延续性动词。
【注意】 当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,通常用肯定式 + until,表示"一直……直到……"。
翻译:
· I didn't go to bed until 11 o'clock.
我直到11点才睡觉。
· I waited until he arrived.
我一直等到他到达。
巩固练习:用 until 合并句子。
1. She didn't go home. She finished her work.
→ She didn't go home _______________ she finished her work.
2. I didn't go to bed. It was 11 o'clock.
→ I didn't go to bed _______________ it was 11 o'clock.
3. He didn't leave. His mother came back.
→ He didn't leave _______________ his mother came back.
4. We won't start. Everyone arrives.
→ We won't start _______________ everyone arrives.
答案详解:
1. until——not...until...结构。
2. until——not...until...结构。
3. until——not...until...结构。
4. until——not...until...结构。
P.4
知识点25:more of(更多的……)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.(P.4 3a)
现在,他们中更多的人已经回来在这里生活和工作了。
讲解:
more of + 名词/代词 表示"更多的……"
more than 意为"超过;多于"
come back 回来
翻译:
· More than 100 people came.
一百多人来了。
巩固练习:用 more of / more than 填空。
1. _______________ us should take part in this activity.
2. There are _______________ 500 students in our school.
3. I want _______________ this cake.
4. She has lived here for _______________ 10 years.
答案详解:
1. More of——"我们中更多的人"用more of + 代词。
2. more than——"超过500"用more than。
3. more of——"更多这种蛋糕"用more of + 名词。
4. more than——"超过10年"用more than。
知识点26:grow / a few / few / a little / little——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market.(P.4 3a)
我过去在一个小农场种一些蔬菜,在本地市场卖。
讲解:
grow [动词] ①种植 ②生长;成长
a few / few / a little / little 辨析:
词项
含义
修饰名词
a few
一些(肯定)
可数名词复数
few
几乎没有(否定)
可数名词复数
a little
一些(肯定)
不可数名词
little
几乎没有(否定)
不可数名词
local [形容词] 当地的;本地的
动词不定式短语作目的状语,表示"为了……"。
翻译:
· I have a few friends here.
我在这里有几个朋友。
· There are few apples left.
几乎没有苹果剩下了。
巩固练习:用 a few / few / a little / little 填空。
1. I have _______________ friends here. I'm not lonely.
2. There is _______________ water left. We need to buy some.
3. He has _______________ money. He is very poor.
4. She knows _______________ Japanese. She can say a few words.
5. There are _______________ apples. We should buy some.
6. I have _______________ time. I can help you.
答案详解:
1. a few——"不孤单"说明有一些朋友,可数名词,肯定意义,用a few。
2. little——"需要买"说明水几乎没了,不可数名词,否定意义,用little。
3. little——"很穷"说明钱几乎没有,不可数名词,否定意义,用little。
4. a little——"能说几句"说明会一些日语,不可数名词,肯定意义,用a little。
5. few——"应该买一些"说明苹果几乎没了,可数名词,否定意义,用few。
6. a little——"能帮你"说明有一些时间,不可数名词,肯定意义,用a little。
知识点27:high-tech / greenhouse / 复合形容词——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. (P.4 3a)现在,我拥有大型的高科技温室。
讲解:
high-tech 高科技的(= high technology)
greenhouse [可数名词] 温室
复合形容词 由"数词 + 名词(单数)"构成,用连字符连接。
翻译:
· a 10-year-old boy
一个10岁的男孩
· a 2-hour walk
两小时的步行
巩固练习:用所给词组成复合形容词填空。
high-tech 480-kilometre 10-year-old 2-hour
1. The _______________ railway was opened in 2017.
2. She has a _______________ computer.
3. He is a _______________ boy.
4. We had a _______________ walk in the park.
答案详解:
1. 480-kilometre——480公里的铁路,由"数词 + 名词单数"构成。
2. high-tech——高科技电脑。
3. 10-year-old——10岁的男孩,由"数词 + 名词单数 + 形容词"构成。
4. 2-hour——两小时的步行,由"数词 + 名词单数"构成。
知识点28:attraction(吸引力;向往的地方)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Our village has become a tourist attraction. (P.4 3a)我们村已经成了一个旅游景点。
讲解:
attraction [可数名词] 向往的地方;吸引力
tourist attraction 旅游景点
attract v. 吸引 attractive adj. 有吸引力的
翻译:
· Beijing has many tourist attractions, such as the Great Wall.
北京有很多旅游景点,比如长城。
· The beautiful scenery attracts many tourists.
美丽的风景吸引了很多游客。
巩固练习:用 attraction / attract / attractive 填空。
1. Beijing has many tourist _______________.
2. The beautiful scenery _______________ many tourists.
3. She is an _______________ girl.
4. The Great Wall is a popular tourist_______________.
答案详解:
1. attractions——many后接可数名词复数,tourist attractions旅游景点。
2. attracts——描述一般情况,主语scenery为第三人称单数,attract加-s。
3. attractive——修饰girl,用形容词attractive。
4. attraction——a tourist attraction一个旅游景点,用单数。
知识点29:product / produce / production——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· We also sell products online to people all over China.(P.4 3a)
我们还在网上把产品卖给全中国的人。
讲解:
词项
含义
用法
product
产品
可数名词
produce
农产品
不可数名词
production
生产;产量
不可数名词
online [副词/形容词] 在线地;线上的
all over China 全中国 all over the world 全世界
巩固练习:用 product / produce / production 填空。
1. This is a new _______________ from our company.
2. The farm sells its _______________ at the market.
3. The _______________ of cars has increased.
4. We sell agricultural _______________ online.
答案详解:
1. product——公司的"产品"用可数名词product。
2. produce——农场的"农产品"用不可数名词produce。
3. production——汽车的"产量"用不可数名词production。
4. products——农业"产品"用可数名词products。
知识点30:greatly(大大地)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Have these changes greatly improved your lives?(P.4 3a)
这些变化大大改善了你们的生活吗?
讲解:
greatly [副词] 大大地;非常,修饰动词。
翻译:
· I greatly appreciate your help.
我非常感激你的帮助。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们的生活大大改善了。
Our life has _______________ improved.
2. 我非常感激你的帮助。
I _______________ appreciate your help.
答案详解:
1. greatly——修饰动词improved,用副词greatly。
2. greatly——修饰动词appreciate,用副词greatly。
知识点31:just(刚刚)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Our village has just built a new hospital and a library. (P.4 3a)
我们村刚建了一家新医院和一个图书馆。
讲解:
just 意为"刚刚",常与现在完成时连用,置于 have/has 与过去分词之间。
just now 刚才(与一般过去时连用)
library [可数名词] 图书馆
翻译:
· I have just finished my homework.
我刚刚完成作业。
· I saw him just now.
我刚才看见他了。
巩固练习:用 just / just now 填空。
1. I saw him _______________.
2. I have _______________ finished my work.
3. She called you _______________.
4. We have _______________ arrived at the station.
答案详解:
1. just now——"刚才"与一般过去时saw搭配,用just now。
2. just——"刚刚"与现在完成时have finished搭配,用just。
3. just now——"刚才"与一般过去时called搭配,用just now。
4. just——"刚刚"与现在完成时have arrived搭配,用just。
知识点32:socialist(社会主义的)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Together you are building a new socialist village.(P.4 3a)你们在一起建设社会主义新农村。
讲解:
socialist [形容词] 社会主义的
【拓展】
· social adj. 社会的
· society n. 社会
· socialism n. 社会主义
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们正在建设社会主义新农村。
Together you are building a new _______________ village.
2. 我们正在建设社会主义社会。
We are building a _______________ society.
答案详解:
1. socialist——"社会主义的"用形容词socialist。
2. socialist——"社会主义社会"用socialist society。
知识点33:in the last + 时间段 / e-payment / transport / housing——P.4 3d
教材原句:
· Choose the things that have greatly changed in the last 10 years in your hometown.(P.4 3d)
选择过去10年里你们家乡发生巨大变化的事物。
讲解:
in the last + 时间段 在最近的……里(常与现在完成时连用)
e-payment [不可数名词] 电子支付
transport [名词] 交通;运输
housing [不可数名词] 住房;住宅
翻译:
· Great changes have taken place in the last 20 years.
在过去的20年里发生了巨大变化。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 在过去的20年里发生了巨大变化。
Great changes have taken place __________ __________ __________ 20 years.
2. 电子支付正变得越来越流行。
_______________ is becoming more and more popular.
3. 公共交通很方便。
_______________ _______________ is very convenient.
4. 住房问题很重要。
The _______________ problem is very important.
答案详解:
1. in the last——"在最近的……里"用in the last + 时间段。
2. E-payment——电子支付用e-payment。
3. Public transport——公共交通用public transport。
4. housing——住房问题用housing problem。
知识点34:digital(电子的;数字的)——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· I also read some digital books on the computer.(P.5 4b)我还在电脑上读了一些电子书。
讲解:
digital [形容词] 电子的;数字的
digital camera / digital books / digital payment
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我买了一台数码相机。
I bought a __________ camera.
2. 电子书变得越来越流行。
__________ books are becoming more and more popular.
3. 电子支付很方便。
__________ payment is very convenient.
答案详解:
1. digital——数码相机用digital camera。
2. Digital——电子书用digital books。
3. Digital——电子支付用digital payment。
知识点35:audio(音频的)——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.(P.5 4b)
我爷爷听了一些有声读物,因为他视力不好。
讲解:
audio [形容词] 音频的 [名词] 音频
audio books 有声读物
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的爷爷喜欢听有声读物。
My grandpa likes listening to _______________ books.
2. 音频文件占用很多空间。
_______________ files take up a lot of space.
答案详解:
1. audio——有声读物用audio books。
2. Audio——音频文件用audio files。
知识点36:listen to / hear / sound——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.(P.5 4b)
我爷爷听了一些有声读物,因为他视力不好。
讲解:
· listen to:听(强调"有意识地听"这个过程)
· hear:听见(强调"听到"这个结果)
· sound:听起来(系动词,后接形容词)
· because [连词] 因为(引导原因状语从句)
翻译:
· I listened to the radio, but I heard nothing.
我听了收音机,但什么也没听见。
· The idea sounds great!
这个主意听起来很棒!
· I didn't go to school because I was ill.
我因为生病没去上学。
巩固练习:用 listen to / hear / sound 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________ the radio, but I _______________ nothing.
2. The idea _______________ great!
3. She _______________ music every evening.
4. Can you _______________ me?
5. This song _______________ beautiful.
答案详解:
1. listened to; heard——listen to强调听的过程,hear强调听到的结果;由but可知前者听了,后者没听见。
2. sounds——听起来,系动词,后接形容词great。
3. listens to——听音乐,强调有意识地听,用listen to;描述一般情况用一般现在时,主语She为第三人称单数,加-s。
4. hear——听见,强调听到的结果,用hear,在情态动词can后用原形。
5. sounds——听起来,系动词,后接形容词beautiful。
知识点37:bring / take / get / carry——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· I'll bring my little brother there tomorrow.(P.5 4b)明天我会带我弟弟去那里。
讲解:
· bring:带来(从别处带到说话人这里)
· take:带走(从说话人这里带到别处)
· get:去拿来
· carry:搬运(不强调方向,强调方式)
翻译:
· Bring your homework to school tomorrow.
明天把你的作业带到学校来。
巩固练习:用 bring / take / get / carry 的适当形式填空。
1. _______________ your friends to my party.
2. _______________ this book to the library.
3. Could you _______________ me a glass of water?
4. He _______________ the heavy box upstairs.
5. I'll _______________ my little brother there tomorrow.
答案详解:
1. Bring——带到说话人的聚会来,用bring。
2. Take——从说话人这里带到图书馆去,用take。
3. get——去拿来,用get。
4. carried——搬运重箱子上楼,强调方式(扛、搬),用carry;由上下文可知用一般过去时carried。
5. bring——带弟弟去那里,但以说话人为参照带来,用bring。
知识点38:It + be + 形容词 + to do sth——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou.(P.5 4c)在过去,在贵州旅行很困难。
讲解:
It + be + 形容词 + to do sth:it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
It + be + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth:形容词说明事物特征。
It + be + 形容词 + of sb + to do sth:形容词说明人物品质。
In the past 在过去(常与一般过去时连用)
翻译:
· It is important to learn English well.
学好英语很重要。
· It is difficult for me to finish the work.
对我来说完成这项工作很难。
· It is kind of you to help me.
你帮助我真是太好了。
巩固练习:用所给动词的不定式形式填空。
1. It is important _______________(learn)English well.
2. It was exciting _______________(watch)the game.
3. It is difficult for me _______________(finish)the work.
4. It is kind of you ___________________ ______(help)me.
5. It is easy _______________(do)this job.
答案详解:
1. to learn——It is + 形容词 + to do sth,用不定式。
2. to watch——It was + 形容词 + to do sth,用不定式。
3. to finish——It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth,用不定式。
4. to help——It is + 形容词 + of sb + to do sth,用不定式。
5. to do——It is + 形容词 + to do sth,用不定式。
知识点39:bridge / cross / dirt——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· There used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks.
(P.5 4c)过去没有桥可以翻山越岭、跨过河流,大多数道路只是泥土路。
讲解:
bridge [可数名词] 桥
cross [动词] 穿过;横过
dirt [不可数名词] 泥土;尘土
dirt tracks 泥土路
翻译:
· Be careful when you cross the road.
过马路时要小心。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过马路时要小心。
Be careful when you _______________ the road.
2. 过去全是泥土路。
There used to be _______________ tracks.
3. 河上有一座桥。
There is a _______________ over the river.
答案详解:
1. cross——过马路用cross the road。
2. dirt——泥土路用dirt tracks。
3. bridge——桥用bridge。
知识点40:thousands of / hundred, thousand, million 用法——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads.
(P.5 4c)政府修建了数千公里的公路、铁路和宽阔的道路。
讲解:
thousands of 成千上万的(概数:加-s,加of)
two thousand 两千(确切数字:不加-s,不加of)
口诀:确切数字两无(无s,无of);模糊数字两有(有s,有of)。
highway [可数名词] 公路
railway [可数名词] 铁路
wide [形容词] 宽的;宽阔的
翻译:
· Thousands of people visited the museum.
成千上万的人参观了博物馆。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 成千上万的人参观了博物馆。
_______________ __________ people visited the museum.
2. 我们学校有两千名学生。
There are _______________ __________ students in our school.
3. 数百万人需要帮助。
_______________ __________ people need help.
4. 这本书花费了五百元。
This book cost _______________ __________ yuan.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. _______________(thousand)of people lost their homes in the earthquake.
2. There are five _______________(hundred)students in our grade.
3. _______________(million)of birds fly south in winter.
4. She paid two _______________(thousand)yuan for the computer.
答案详解:
一、
1. Thousands of——概数,加-s加of。
2. two thousand——确切数字,不加-s不加of。
3. Millions of——概数,加-s加of。
4. five hundred——确切数字,不加-s不加of。
二、
1. Thousands——概数,加-s。
2. hundred——确切数字(five)不加-s。
3. Millions——概数,加-s。
4. thousand——确切数字(two)不加-s。
知识点41:定语从句(that)——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· A journey that used to take a day now takes only a few hours.(P.5 4c)过去需要花一天的旅程现在只需要几个小时。
讲解:
that used to take a day 是定语从句,修饰先行词 journey。关系代词 that 在从句中作主语。
journey [可数名词] 旅程;行程
翻译:
· Have a good journey!
旅途愉快!
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过去需要花一天的旅程现在只需要几个小时。
A _______________ that used to take a day now takes only a few hours.
2. 旅途愉快!
Have a good _______________!
答案详解:
1. journey——旅程用journey。
2. journey——Have a good journey为固定表达。
知识点42:as a result / as a result of——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· As a result, the lives of local people have improved.(P.5 4c)
结果,当地人的生活得到了改善。
讲解:
· as a result:因此;结果(单独使用,后接结果)
· as a result of:因为;由于(后接原因)
翻译:
· He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
他没有努力学习。结果,他考试不及格。
· As a result of the heavy rain, the match was cancelled.
因为大雨,比赛被取消了。
巩固练习:用 as a result / as a result of 填空。
1. He didn't study hard. _______________, he failed the exam.
2. _______________ the heavy rain, the match was cancelled.
3. She worked very hard. _______________, she got good grades.
4. _______________ the traffic jam, we were late.
答案详解:
1. As a result——单独使用,后接结果,用As a result。
2. As a result of——后接原因the heavy rain,用As a result of。
3. As a result——单独使用,后接结果,用As a result。
4. As a result of——后接原因the traffic jam,用As a result of。
Section B(P.6-7)
知识点43:system / benefit——P.6 1a
教材原句:
· Does your hometown have a train system? How does it benefit local lives?(P.6 1a)
你的家乡有铁路系统吗?它如何惠及当地人的生活?
讲解:
system [可数名词] 系统;体系
benefit [动词] 得益于;使受益 [名词] 优势;益处
benefit from... 从……中受益
local [形容词] 当地的;本地的
翻译:
· Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.
当地的肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益匪浅。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 你们的家乡有铁路系统吗?
Does your hometown have a _______________ _______________?
2. 中国的教育体系正在改善。
China's ______________________________ is improving.
二、用 benefit 的适当形式填空。
1. We have _______________ a lot from the new policy.
2. This project will _______________ many people.
3. The _______________ of exercise is good health.
答案详解:
一、
1. train system——铁路系统用train system。
2. education system——教育体系用education system。
二、
1. benefited——have提示现在完成时,用过去分词benefited。
2. benefit——will后接动词原形,使受益用benefit。
3. benefit——作主语,意为"好处",用名词benefit。
知识点44:被动语态(一般过去时)——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.
(P.6 1b)2017年,新的480公里蒙巴萨-内罗毕铁路开通了。
讲解:
一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词
巩固练习:用所给动词的被动语态形式填空。
1. The new railway _______________(open)in 2017.
2. The bridge _______________(build)last year.
3. The book _______________(write)by Lu Xun.
4. The window _______________(break)by the boy.
5. The work _______________(finish)yesterday.
答案详解:
1. was opened——railway与open为被动关系,in 2017提示用一般过去时,主语单数用was。
2. was built——bridge与build为被动关系,last year提示用一般过去时,主语单数用was。
3. was written——book与write为被动关系,by引出动作执行者,主语单数用was。
4. was broken——window与break为被动关系,by引出动作执行者,主语单数用was。
5. was finished——work与finish为被动关系,yesterday提示用一般过去时,主语单数用was。
知识点45:link / main / port / capital——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.(P.6 1b)
在此之前,肯尼亚的主要港口蒙巴萨和肯尼亚首都内罗毕之间唯一的交通连接是崎岖的道路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路线。
讲解:
link [可数名词] 交通路线;联系 [动词] 连接
transport links 交通连接
main [形容词] 主要的
port [可数名词] 港口
capital [可数名词] 首都
名词所有格:'s 所有格可用于国家、城市等无生命事物的名词。
过去分词短语作定语:放在被修饰名词后面,表示被动或完成的含义。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这两个城市之间有直达交通。
There is a direct __________ between the two cities.
2. 蒙巴萨是肯尼亚的主要港口。
Mombasa is Kenya's __________ port.
3. 北京是中国的首都。
Beijing is the __________ of China.
4. 这篇文章的主旨是什么?
What is the __________ idea of this article?
二、用所给动词的过去分词短语完成句子。
建于1901年的旧铁路线。
The old railway line _______________ _______________.
答案详解:
一、
1. link——交通连接用link。
2. main——主要的用main。
3. capital——首都用capital。
4. main——主旨用main idea。
二、
built in 1901——过去分词短语作定语,表被动。
知识点46:cut...to... / passenger / with China's help——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· However, the new railway, built with China‘s help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about four hours for passengers. (P.6 1b)然而,在中国帮助下修建的新铁路已经将乘客从蒙巴萨到内罗毕的旅行时间缩短到了大约4个小时。
讲解:
cut...to... 将……缩短到……
with China's help 在中国的帮助下
with one's help 在某人的帮助下
passenger [可数名词] 乘客
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 新路把旅行时间缩短到了30分钟。
The new road __________ the travel time __________ 30 minutes.
2. 在中国的帮助下。
__________ China's help.
3. 所有乘客必须系好安全带。
All _______________ must fasten their seat belts.
答案详解:
1. cut; to——cut...to...将……缩短到……。
2. With——with one's help在某人的帮助下。
3. passengers——乘客用passenger,All后接复数passengers。
知识点47:more than / million——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Now, more than two million people use it every year.(P.6 1b)
现在,每年有超过两百万人使用它。
讲解:
more than 超过;多于(= over)
two million 两百万(具体数字,不加-s,不加of)
millions of 数百万的(概数,加-s,加of)
巩固练习:用 more than / over / million 的正确形式填空。
1. _______________ 500 students took part in the activity.
2. There are two _______________ people in this city.
3. _______________ of people visit the Great Wall every year.
4. She has taught here for _______________ 20 years.
答案详解:
1. More than / Over——超过用more than或over。
2. million——two为具体数字,不加-s不加of。
3. Millions——概数,加-s加of。
4. more than / over——超过用more than或over。
知识点48:Kenyan / be happy with——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.(P.6 1b)
当地的肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益匪浅s。
· I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends.(P.6 1b)
我对我们的中国朋友修建的新铁路非常满意。
讲解:
Kenyan [可数名词] 肯尼亚人 [形容词] 肯尼亚的
be happy with... 对……感到满意(= be pleased with... / be satisfied with...)
by [介词] 由……(被动语态中引出动作执行者)
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的父母对我的成绩感到满意。
My parents are __________ __________ my grades.
2. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
The book was written __________ Lu Xun.
答案详解:
1. happy with——be happy with对……感到满意。
2. by——被动语态中用by引出动作执行者。
知识点49:convenient——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.(P.6 1b)它非常方便,花费也不多。
讲解:
convenient [形容词] 方便的
It is convenient for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很方便
【注意】 convenient 的主语不能是人。
(×)I am convenient to go there.
(√)It is convenient for me to go there.
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 对我来说坐公交车去学校很方便。
It is _______________ for me to go to school by bus.
2. 新铁路非常方便。
The new railway is very_______________.
3. 对人们来说使用电子支付很方便。
__________ __________ _______________ for people to use e-payment.
答案详解:
1. convenient——It is convenient for sb to do sth。
2. convenient——方便的用convenient。
3. It is convenient——It is convenient for sb to do sth。
知识点50:cost / spend / take / pay——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.(P.6 1b)它非常方便,花费也不多。
讲解:
词项
主语
宾语
常用结构
cost
物
金钱
sth costs + 金钱
spend
人
时间/金钱
sb spends + 时间/金钱 + on sth/(in) doing sth
take
物/It
时间
It takes sb + 时间 + to do sth
pay
人
金钱
sb pays + 金钱 + for sth
巩固练习:用 cost / spend / take / pay 的适当形式填空。
1. This book _______________ 20 yuan.
2. I _______________ 30 yuan on this book.
3. It _______________ me 30 minutes to get to school.
4. He _______________ 80 yuan for the basketball.
5. She _______________ too much time on games.
单项选择。
(江苏连云港中考)Jim, you'd better not __________ too much time on your mobile phone.
A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay
答案详解:
1. costs——物作主语,花费金钱,用cost;描述一般情况用一般现在时,单数加-s。
2. spent——人作主语,花费金钱,用spend;结构spend...on...,用一般过去时。
3. takes——It作主语,花费时间,用take;描述一般情况用一般现在时,单数加-s。
4. paid——人作主语,花费金钱,用pay;结构pay...for...,用一般过去时。
5. spends——人作主语,花费时间,用spend;结构spend...on...,主语单数加-s。
单项选择答案:B
解析:由空格后的too much time可知表示花费"时间",排除cost和pay(表示花费金钱);由on your mobile phone可知应用spend,构成"spend + 时间 + on sth"。故选B。
知识点51:be able to / on time / in time——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.(P.6 1b)
我能够按时到达各个地方,轻松地谈成生意。
讲解:
be able to 能够(强调通过努力获得的能力,可用于各种时态)
on time 按时;准时
in time 及时
make a deal 达成交易
with ease 轻而易举地
巩固练习:
一、用 be able to 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________ speak English well.
2. She _______________ finish the work on time yesterday.
3. He _______________ come to the party next week.
二、用 on time / in time 填空。
1. Please come to school _______________.
2. We arrived _______________ for the train.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 他轻松地通过了考试。
He passed the exam __________ __________.
2. 他们达成了交易。
They __________ __________ __________.
答案详解:
一、
1. am able to——描述一般情况,I后用am able to。
2. was able to——yesterday提示用一般过去时。
3. will be able to——next week提示用一般将来时。
二、
1. on time——按时上课用on time。
2. in time——及时赶上了火车用in time。
三、
1. with ease——轻松地用with ease。
2. made a deal——达成交易用make a deal,用一般过去时。
知识点52:lorry / fresh——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains.(P.6 1b)
过去需要数百辆卡车在两座城市之间运送食品,但现在只需要两三列火车。
· people now have more fresh food to eat(P.6 1b)人们现在有更多的新鲜食物可以吃
讲解:
lorry [可数名词] 卡车(英式),美式用 truck
fresh [形容词] 新鲜的
fresh food / fresh water
动词不定式作定语:放在被修饰名词后面。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过去需要数百辆卡车运输食品。
Food used to take hundreds of _______________ to carry.
2. 人们现在有更多的新鲜食物可以吃。
People now have more _______________ food to eat.
3. 我们需要新鲜空气。
We need _______________ air.
答案详解:
1. lorries——卡车用lorry,hundreds of后接复数lorries。
2. fresh——新鲜的用fresh。
3. fresh——新鲜空气用fresh air。
知识点53:although / far away from / work together——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.(P.6 1b)
虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远,但这条铁路展示了不同国家如何能够合作建设一个更美好的世界。
讲解:
Although 引导让步状语从句,不能与 but 同时使用。
(√)Although he was tired, he kept working.
(×)Although he was tired, but he kept working.
far away from 远离……
work together 合作;共同努力
巩固练习:
一、用 although 合并句子。
1. He was tired. He kept working.
→ __________ he was tired, he kept working.
2. She was busy. She helped me.
→ __________ she was busy, she helped me.
二、判断下列句子正误,错误的请改正。
1. Although he was tired, he kept working. ( )
2. Although he was tired, but he kept working. ( )
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的学校离我家很远。
My school is __________ __________ from my home.
2. 我们应该共同努力解决这个问题。
We should __________ _______________ to solve this problem.
答案详解:
一、
1. Although——although引导让步状语从句。
2. Although——although引导让步状语从句。
二、
1. (√)——although不与but同时使用,此句正确。
2. (×)——although与but不能同时使用,应删去but。
三、
1. far away——远离用far away from。
2. work together——合作用work together。
知识点54:make + 宾语 + 形容词——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· The railway has also made the transport of food easier. (P.6 1b)
这条铁路还使食品运输变得更加容易。
讲解:
make + 宾语 + 形容词 意为"使……变得……"
翻译:
· The news made me happy. 这个消息让我很开心。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这个消息让我很开心。
The news __________ __________ happy.
2. 学习英语让我们更自信。
Learning English __________ __________ more confident.
3. 这条铁路使食品运输更容易。
The railway has __________ the transport of food __________.
答案详解:
1. made me——make + 宾语 + 形容词,用过去时made。
2. makes us——make + 宾语 + 形容词,描述一般情况用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,谓语用单数makes。
3. made; easier——make + 宾语 + 形容词,has提示现在完成时,用过去分词made。
知识点55:track / mean / meaning——P.7 1d
教材原句:
· What does "on the fast track" mean?(P.7 1d)"On the fast track"是什么意思?
讲解:
track [可数名词] 轨道;小路
on the fast track 在快车道上(比喻"快速发展")
mean [动词] 意思是
meaning [可数名词] 意思;含义
巩固练习:用 mean / meaning 填空。
1. What does this word_______________?
2. Can you tell me the _______________ of this word?
3. "On the fast track" _______________ "fast development".
4. What's the _______________ of life?
答案详解:
1. mean——作动词,"意思是"用mean。
2. meaning——作名词,"含义"用meaning。
3. means——作动词,"意思是"用mean;单数主语用means。
4. meaning——作名词,"意义"用meaning。
Reflecting(P.8)
知识点56:bring about(带来;引起)——P.8 Reflecting
教材原句:
· What do you think brings about changes?(P.8 Reflecting)你认为是什么带来了变化?
讲解:
bring about 意为"带来;引起"
翻译:
· Science and technology have brought about great changes in our life.
科学技术给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 科学技术给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。
Science and technology have __________ __________ great changes in our life.
2. 什么带来了幸福?
What __________ __________ happiness?
答案详解:
1. brought about——have提示现在完成时,bring about的过去分词为brought about。
2. brings about——描述一般情况,what作主语视为单数,bring加-s。
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Unit 1 The Changing World
课文要点全解(含知识点讲解+翻译+巩固练习)
Section A
知识点1:take place(发生;举行)——P.2 Section A标题
教材原句:
· What changes have taken place around you?(P.2 Section A标题)你周围发生了哪些变化?
· Now great changes have taken place. (P.5 4c)现在发生了巨大的变化。
讲解:
take place 意为"发生;举行",常指按计划或安排发生的事。
【辨析】take place / happen / occur
词项
含义
用法
take place
发生;举行
happen
发生
occur
发生
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
会议将在9点举行。
巩固练习:用 take place / happen 的适当形式填空。
1. The meeting ___________________ at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.
2. A car accident ____________________ on the highway yesterday.
3. Great changes ____________________ in my hometown in the past ten years.
4. An idea ____________________ to me when I was reading.
5. The sports meeting will ____________________ next Friday.
知识点2:over the years(这些年来)——P.2 1a
教材原句:
· The photos show changes in Li Rui's hometown over the years. (P.2 1a)
这些照片展示了李瑞的家乡多年来的变化。
讲解:
over the years 意为"这些年来;多年来",常与___________________连用。
over the past + 时间段 表___________________
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这些年来,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
在过去的20年里,她变了很多。
巩固练习:用 over the years / in the past + 时间段 完成句子。
1. ____________________, she has changed a lot.
2. ____________________ 20 years, great changes have taken place in our town.
3. My hometown has become more beautiful ____________________.
4. ____________________, I have learned a lot from my teachers.
知识点3:conversation(对话)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· Listen to a telephone conversation. (P.2 1b)听一段电话对话。
讲解:
conversation [可数名词] 对话;谈话
______________________________________与某人谈话
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我和老师进行了一次长谈。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我和老师进行了一次长谈。
I __________ a long____________________ with my teacher.
2. 他们在进行一场关于家乡变化的对话。
They are having a _____________________ about the changes in their hometown.
知识点4:relationship(关系)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather?(P.2 1b)
乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷之间是什么关系?
讲解:
relationship [可数名词] 关系;联系
______________________________________ A与B之间的关系
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这两个国家之间的关系非常好。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这两个国家之间的关系非常友好。
The ____________________ between the two countries is very friendly.
2. 父母和孩子之间的关系很重要。
The ____________________ between parents and children is very important.
知识点5:between(在……之间)——P.2 1b
教材原句:
· What is the relationship between George's father and Li Rui's grandfather?(P.2 1b)
乔治的父亲和李瑞的爷爷之间是什么关系?
讲解:
between [介词] 在……之间(两者之间)
______________________________________ 在A和B之间
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我坐在汤姆和露西之间。
巩固练习:用 between / among 填空。
1. I sit __________ Tom and Lucy.
2. The village is __________ the two mountains.
3. There is a lot of competition __________ the students in our class.(三者以上)
4. The teacher is standing __________ the door and the window.
知识点6:become(变得;成为)——P.2 1b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago.(P.2 1b / 听力P.102)
大约20年前他成了你祖父的好朋友。
· Everyone has become richer and happier.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
每个人都变得更富足、更幸福了。
讲解:
become [系动词] 变得;成为,后接______________________________________。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
她25岁时成为了一名医生。
巩固练习:用 become / get / turn 的适当形式填空。
1. She ____________________ a doctor when she was 25.
2. The weather ____________________ warmer and warmer.
3. He ____________________ angry when he heard the news.
4. The leaves ____________________ yellow in autumn.
5. My dream has ____________________ true.
知识点7:ago(……之前)——P.2 1b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. (P.2 1b / 听力P.102)
大约20年前他成了你祖父的好朋友。
· We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.
(P.3 2c / 听力P.102)直到10年前我们才有好的购物场所。
讲解:
ago 表示"……之前",从现在算起,用于___________________。
before 表示"……之前",从过去某一时间算起,常用于___________________。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我两年前拜访了我的家乡。
巩固练习:用 ago / before 填空。
1. I visited my hometown two years____________________.
2. I had seen the film ____________________ _.
3. He left here three days____________________.
4. She said she had met him____________________.
5. My grandfather died 10 years____________________.
知识点8:现在完成时(have/has done)——(P.4 3a)
教材原句:
· Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.(P.4 3a)
现在,他们中更多的人已经回来在这里生活和工作了。
· Our village has just built a new hospital.(P.4 3a)
我们村刚建了一家新医院。
讲解:现在完成时由"助动词 have/has + 过去分词"构成,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作。
for ages = for a long time(很长时间)
【注意】for + ___________________ 与 since + ___________________:
· for + 时间段:持续多长时间
· since + 时间点:从某个时间点开始
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我已经三年没见他了。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
她从2010年起就住在这里。
巩固练习:
一、用 for / since 填空。
1. I haven't seen him _______________ three years.
2. She has lived here _______________ 2010.
3. We have been friends _______________ ages.
4. He has worked in this company _______________ last year.
5. They have waited _______________ two hours.
二、单项选择。
(北京中考)I __________ my pen pal since last year.
A. have written to B. wrote to C. write to D. am writing to
知识点9:by bus / by + 交通工具(乘……)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
在崎岖的道路上乘公交车上学需要将近40分钟。
讲解:
表示乘坐交通工具时,用 ___________________,交通工具前___________________。
by bus / by train / by plane / by bike
nearly [副词] 几乎;差不多
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我乘公交车上学。
巩固练习:用 by + 交通工具 完成句子。
1. I go to school __________.(乘公交)
2. She travels to Beijing __________.(乘火车)
3. They went to Shanghai __________.(乘飞机)
4. He rides __________ to work every day.(骑自行车)
5. We will go to the zoo __________.(乘地铁)
知识点10:rough(崎岖的)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Going to school by bus took nearly 40 minutes over rough roads.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
在崎岖的道路上乘公交车上学需要将近40分钟。
· Before then, the only transport links...were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.
(P.6 1b)在此之前……唯一的交通连接是崎岖的道路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路线。
讲解:
rough [形容词] 崎岖的;不平的
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
海上风浪很大。
巩固练习:用 rough / smooth 填空。
1. The road was so _______________ that we felt very uncomfortable.
2. The sea is _______________ today. There are big waves.
3. The surface of the table is very _______________.
4. The _______________ roads made driving difficult.
知识点11:used to do sth(过去常常做某事)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We used to have to travel far to see a doctor.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
我们过去不得不走很远去看医生。
· There used to be sandstorms all the time.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)过去总是有沙尘暴。
· I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm...(P.4 3a)我过去在一个小农场种一些蔬菜……
讲解:
used to do sth 表示______________________________________,暗含现在已不再发生或不存在。
【辨析】used to do / be used to doing / be used to do
结构
含义
例句
过去常常做某事(现在不做了)
I used to get up late.
习惯于做某事
I am used to getting up early.
被用来做某事(被动)
Wood is used to make paper.
have to 不得不;必须——强调客观需要,有人称、数和时态变化。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我过去步行上学,但现在坐公交。
巩固练习:
一、用 used to do / be used to doing / be used to do 的适当形式填空。
1. He _______________ get up late, but now he gets up early.
2. She _______________ living in the city now.
3. Wood _______________ make paper.
4. There _______________ a river here.
5. I _______________ the hot weather here.
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
(四川泸州中考)他过去特别安静。
He _______________ _______________ really quiet.
三、用 have to 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________(不得不)finish my homework before dinner.
2. She _______________(不得不)stay at home because of the rain yesterday.
3. We _______________(将不得不)leave early tomorrow morning.
知识点12:be covered with(被……覆盖)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The hills used to be covered with sand.(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)这些山丘过去被沙子覆盖。
· Now they have been covered with beautiful trees!(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
现在它们已经被美丽的树木覆盖了!
讲解:
___________________ 意为"被……覆盖",covered 是过去分词作表语。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
冬天地面被雪覆盖。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
桌子被一块白布覆盖着。
巩固练习:用 be covered with 的适当形式填空。
1. The ground _______________ snow in winter.
2. The table _______________ a white cloth.
3. The hills _______________ beautiful trees now.
4. The whole mountain _______________ white after the heavy snow.
知识点13:现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been + 过去分词)——P.2 1c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· Now they have been covered with beautiful trees!(P.2 1c / 听力P.102)
现在它们已经被美丽的树木覆盖了!
讲解:
现在完成时的被动语态结构为 ________________________________,表示___________________。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这座桥已经建好了。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这项工作已经被完成了。
巩固练习:用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The work _______________ already _______________.(finish)
2. The new hospital _______________ just _______________ by the government.(build)
3. The trees _______________ since 2010.(plant)
4. The bridge _______________ last year.(complete,被动语态)
知识点14:rank(排名)——P.3 2a
教材原句:
· Rank the following problems from 1 to 4, with 1 being the worst. (P.3 2a)
将下列问题从1到4排序,1为最严重。
讲解:
rank [动词] 给……排名;把……分等级
rank...from...to... 把……从……到……排序
worst [形容词] 最差的;最严重的(bad 的最高级)
bad → worse(更差的)→ worst(最差的)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
请把这些书从最有趣到最没趣排序。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 请把这些书从最有趣到最没趣排序。
Please _______________ these books from the most interesting to the least.
2. 他在班上排名第一。
He _______________ first in his class.
知识点15:sandstorm(沙尘暴)/ 复合词——P.3 2a / 2b
教材原句:
· sandstorms(P.3 2a)沙尘暴
· There used to be sandstorms all the time.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)过去总是有沙尘暴。
讲解:sandstorm [可数名词] 沙尘暴,由 sand + storm 构成。
其他复合词:
· greenhouse(温室)= green + house
· highway(公路)= high + way
· railway(铁路)= rail + way
· farmland(农田)= farm + land
· all the time 一直;总是
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
他一直在听音乐。
巩固练习:用所给词组合成复合词并填空。
green sand high rail farm
1. A _______________ is used to grow plants in cold weather.
2. A _______________ carries sand and dust.
3. We need more _______________ to grow food.
4. The new _______________ has cut travel time.
5. The _______________ connects the two cities.
知识点16:shortage / lack(短缺)——P.3 2a
教材原句:
· farmland shortage(P.3 2a)耕地短缺
· lack of technology(P.3 2a)技术缺乏
讲解:
shortage [可数名词/不可数名词] 短缺;不足(强调"供应不足")
lack [名词/动词] 缺乏(强调"完全没有或不足")
for lack of... 因为缺乏……
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这个地区严重缺水。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
他缺乏自信。
巩固练习:用 shortage / lack 填空。
1. There is a serious _______________ of water in this area.
2. We can't finish the work for _______________ of time.
3. He _______________ confidence.
4. The _______________ of food caused many problems.
知识点17:比较级 + and + 比较级(越来越……)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The fields were getting smaller and smaller. (P.3 2b / 听力P.102)田地变得越来越小。
讲解:
______________________________________ 表示"越来越……"
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
天气越来越冷了。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我们的国家变得越来越强大。
巩固练习:用所给词的比较级 + and + 比较级 填空。
1. The weather is getting _______________ and_______________.(cold)
2. Our country is becoming _______________ and _______________.(strong)
3. Life is getting _______________ and _______________.(good)
4. She is getting _______________ and _______________.(beautiful)
5. The days are getting _______________ and _______________.(long)
知识点18:bush / root / soil / hold...together——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We found a small bush. It had long roots that could hold the soil together.
(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)我们发现了一棵小灌木。它有长长的根,能把土壤固定在一起。
讲解:
bush [可数名词] 灌木
root [可数名词] 根
soil [不可数名词] 土壤
______________________________________把……固定在一起;使……不分离
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们发现了一棵小灌木。
We found a small_______________.
2. 它有长长的根。
It had long _______________.
3. 根能把土壤固定在一起。
Roots can _______________ the_______________ together.
知识点19:定语从句(关系代词 that)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· It had long roots that could hold the soil together.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
它有长长的根,能把土壤固定在一起。(that指物,作主语)
讲解:
定语从句 在句中作_________,修饰_______________。被修饰的名词或代词叫作__________。
关系代词 that 既可以指_________,也可以指________,在从句中作___________________。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我读的那本书很有趣。(that作宾语,指物)
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
正在说话的那个人是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)
巩固练习:用 that 合并句子。
1. The book is very interesting. I read it.
→ The book __________ I read is very interesting.
2. The man is my teacher. He is speaking.
→ The man __________ is speaking is my teacher.
3. The roots hold the soil together. They are long.
→ The roots __________ hold the soil together are long.
4. The road is very wide. It was built last year.
→ The road __________ was built last year is very wide.
知识点20:sandy / 形容词后缀 -y——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We began planting it in sandy areas.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)我们开始在沙地种植它。
讲解:
sandy [形容词] 含沙的;铺满沙子的,由 sand + -y 构成。
rain → rainy(下雨的)
wind → windy(有风的)
cloud → cloudy(多云的)
sun → sunny(晴朗的)
begin doing sth 开始做某事(= begin to do sth)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
开始下雨了。
巩固练习:
一、用所给名词的形容词形式填空。
1. It's _______________ today. Take your umbrella.(rain)
2. The _______________ day made it hard to see.(cloud)
3. The _______________ beach is beautiful.(sand)
4. It's a _______________ night. The branches are moving.(wind)
5. The weather is _______________ and warm.(sun)
二、用 begin 的适当形式填空。
1. It _______________(开始下雨)when we left home.
2. We _______________(开始种植)trees in spring.
知识点21:provide(提供)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· The government provided support too.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)政府也提供了支持。
讲解:
provide [动词] 提供
_________________________ =_______________________ 为某人提供某物
support [名词/动词] 支持
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
学校为学生提供免费午餐。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我们应该互相支持。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 学校为学生提供免费午餐。
The school _______________ students _______________ free lunch.
= The school _______________ free lunch _______________ students.
2. 政府为受灾地区提供帮助。
The government _______________ help _______________ the disaster area.
知识点22:fewer / less(更少的)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· There are fewer sandstorms now and the environment is getting better.(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)
现在沙尘暴更少了,环境正在变得更好。
讲解:
· fewer:修饰___________________(few的比较级)
· less:修饰___________________(little的比较级)
environment [可数名词/不可数名词] 环境
_____________________________保护环境
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
今天路上的车更少了。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
瓶子里水更少了。
巩固练习:用 fewer / less 填空。
1. There are _______________ cars on the road today.
2. There is _______________ water in the bottle now.
3. I have _______________ friends than before.
4. We need to spend _______________ time on games.
5. _______________ students were late today.
6. She has _______________ money than I do.
知识点23:improve(改善;提高)——P.3 2b / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· It has also improved our lives. Everyone has become richer and happier.
(P.3 2b / 听力P.102)它也改善了我们的生活。每个人都变得更富足、更幸福了。
讲解:
improve [动词] 改善;提高
________________________ 改善某人的生活
everyone [不定代词] 每人;所有人——作主语时谓语动词用单数。
【注意】everyone 与 every one 的区别:
· everyone 只能指___________________
· every one 可以指___________________,常与 of 连用
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我的英语提高了很多。
巩固练习:
一、用 improve 的适当形式填空。
1. My English has _______________ a lot.
2. The new policy has _______________ our lives.
3. We should try to _______________ our working conditions.
二、用 everyone / every one 填空。
1. _______________ should protect the environment.
2. _______________ of the books is interesting.
3. _______________ is here. Let's begin.
知识点24:not...until...(直到……才……)——P.3 2c / 听力P.102
教材原句:
· We didn't have any good places for shopping until 10 years ago.(P.3 2c / 听力P.102)
直到10年前我们才有好的购物场所。
讲解:not...until... 意为"________________",until 引导时间状语从句,主句动词为非延续性动词。
【注意】 当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时,通常用肯定式 + until,表示"一直……直到……"。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我直到11点才睡觉。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我一直等到他到达。
巩固练习:用 until 合并句子。
1. She didn't go home. She finished her work.
→ She didn't go home _______________ she finished her work.
2. I didn't go to bed. It was 11 o'clock.
→ I didn't go to bed _______________ it was 11 o'clock.
3. He didn't leave. His mother came back.
→ He didn't leave _______________ his mother came back.
4. We won't start. Everyone arrives.
→ We won't start _______________ everyone arrives.
知识点25:more of(更多的……)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.(P.4 3a)
现在,他们中更多的人已经回来在这里生活和工作了。
讲解:
more of + 名词/代词 表示___________________
more than 意为___________________
come back ___________________
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
一百多人来了。
巩固练习:用 more of / more than 填空。
1. _______________ us should take part in this activity.
2. There are _______________ 500 students in our school.
3. I want _______________ this cake.
4. She has lived here for _______________ 10 years.
知识点26:grow / a few / few / a little / little——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market.(P.4 3a)
我过去在一个小农场种一些蔬菜,在本地市场卖。
讲解:
grow [动词] ①种植 ②生长;成长
a few / few / a little / little 辨析:
词项
含义
修饰名词
a few
一些(肯定)
few
几乎没有(否定)
a little
一些(肯定)
little
几乎没有(否定)
local [形容词] 当地的;本地的
动词不定式短语作目的状语,表示"为了……"。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我在这里有几个朋友。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
几乎没有苹果剩下了。
巩固练习:用 a few / few / a little / little 填空。
1. I have _______________ friends here. I'm not lonely.
2. There is _______________ water left. We need to buy some.
3. He has _______________ money. He is very poor.
4. She knows _______________ Japanese. She can say a few words.
5. There are _______________ apples. We should buy some.
6. I have _______________ time. I can help you.
知识点27:high-tech / greenhouse / 复合形容词——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. (P.4 3a)现在,我拥有大型的高科技温室。
讲解:
high-tech 高科技的(= __________________________)
greenhouse [可数名词] 温室
复合形容词 由"数词 + 名词(单数)"构成,用连字符连接。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
一个10岁的男孩
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
两小时的步行
巩固练习:用所给词组成复合形容词填空。
high-tech 480-kilometre 10-year-old 2-hour
1. The _______________ railway was opened in 2017.
2. She has a _______________ computer.
3. He is a _______________ boy.
4. We had a _______________ walk in the park.
知识点28:attraction(吸引力;向往的地方)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Our village has become a tourist attraction. (P.4 3a)我们村已经成了一个旅游景点。
讲解:
attraction [可数名词] 向往的地方;吸引力
__________________________ 旅游景点
attract v. 吸引 attractive adj. 有吸引力的
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
北京有很多旅游景点,比如长城。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
美丽的风景吸引了很多游客。
巩固练习:用 attraction / attract / attractive 填空。
1. Beijing has many tourist _______________.
2. The beautiful scenery _______________ many tourists.
3. She is an _______________ girl.
4. The Great Wall is a popular tourist_______________.
知识点29:product / produce / production——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· We also sell products online to people all over China.(P.4 3a)
我们还在网上把产品卖给全中国的人。
讲解:
词项
含义
用法
product
可数名词
produce
不可数名词
production
不可数名词
online [副词/形容词] 在线地;线上的
_________________________全中国 _________________________ 全世界
巩固练习:用 product / produce / production 填空。
1. This is a new _______________ from our company.
2. The farm sells its _______________ at the market.
3. The _______________ of cars has increased.
4. We sell agricultural _______________ online.
知识点30:greatly(大大地)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Have these changes greatly improved your lives?(P.4 3a)
这些变化大大改善了你们的生活吗?
讲解:
greatly [副词] 大大地;非常,修饰___________________。
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我非常感激你的帮助。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们的生活大大改善了。
Our life has _______________ improved.
2. 我非常感激你的帮助。
I _______________ appreciate your help.
知识点31:just(刚刚)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Our village has just built a new hospital and a library. (P.4 3a)
我们村刚建了一家新医院和一个图书馆。
讲解:
just 意为"刚刚",常与___________________连用,置于 have/has 与过去分词之间。
just now 刚才(与___________________连用)
library [可数名词] 图书馆
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我刚刚完成作业。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我刚才看见他了。
巩固练习:用 just / just now 填空。
1. I saw him _______________.
2. I have _______________ finished my work.
3. She called you _______________.
4. We have _______________ arrived at the station.
知识点32:socialist(社会主义的)——P.4 3a
教材原句:
· Together you are building a new socialist village.(P.4 3a)你们在一起建设社会主义新农村。
讲解:
socialist [形容词] ___________________
【拓展】
· ___________________ adj. 社会的
· ___________________ n. 社会
· ___________________ n. 社会主义
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我们正在建设社会主义新农村。
Together you are building a new _______________ village.
2. 我们正在建设社会主义社会。
We are building a _______________ society.
知识点33:in the last + 时间段 / e-payment / transport / housing——P.4 3d
教材原句:
· Choose the things that have greatly changed in the last 10 years in your hometown.(P.4 3d)
选择过去10年里你们家乡发生巨大变化的事物。
讲解:
in the last + 时间段 在最近的……里(常与___________________连用)
___________________ [不可数名词] 电子支付
transport [名词] 交通;运输
housing [不可数名词] 住房;住宅
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
在过去的20年里发生了巨大变化。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 在过去的20年里发生了巨大变化。
Great changes have taken place __________ __________ __________ 20 years.
2. 电子支付正变得越来越流行。
_______________ is becoming more and more popular.
3. 公共交通很方便。
_______________ _______________ is very convenient.
4. 住房问题很重要。
The _______________ problem is very important.
知识点34:digital(电子的;数字的)——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· I also read some digital books on the computer.(P.5 4b)我还在电脑上读了一些电子书。
讲解:
digital [形容词] 电子的;数字的
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我买了一台数码相机。
I bought a __________ camera.
2. 电子书变得越来越流行。
__________ books are becoming more and more popular.
3. 电子支付很方便。
__________ payment is very convenient.
知识点35:audio(音频的)——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.(P.5 4b)
我爷爷听了一些有声读物,因为他视力不好。
讲解:
audio [形容词] 音频的 [名词] 音频
___________________ 有声读物
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的爷爷喜欢听有声读物。
My grandpa likes listening to _______________ books.
2. 音频文件占用很多空间。
_______________ files take up a lot of space.
知识点36:listen to / hear / sound——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· My grandpa listened to some audio books because he can't see well.(P.5 4b)
我爷爷听了一些有声读物,因为他视力不好。
讲解:
· ___________________:听(强调"有意识地听"这个过程)
· ___________________:听见(强调"听到"这个结果)
· ___________________:听起来(系动词,后接形容词)
· ___________________ [连词] 因为(引导原因状语从句)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我听了收音机,但什么也没听见。
· ____________________________________________________________________________!
这个主意听起来很棒!
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
我因为生病没去上学。
巩固练习:用 listen to / hear / sound 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________ the radio, but I _______________ nothing.
2. The idea _______________ great!
3. She _______________ music every evening.
4. Can you _______________ me?
5. This song _______________ beautiful.
知识点37:bring / take / get / carry——P.5 4b
教材原句:
· I'll bring my little brother there tomorrow.(P.5 4b)明天我会带我弟弟去那里。
讲解:
· ___________________:带来(从别处带到说话人这里)
· ___________________:带走(从说话人这里带到别处)
· ___________________:去拿来
· ___________________:搬运(不强调方向,强调方式)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
明天把你的作业带到学校来。
巩固练习:用 bring / take / get / carry 的适当形式填空。
1. _______________ your friends to my party.
2. _______________ this book to the library.
3. Could you _______________ me a glass of water?
4. He _______________ the heavy box upstairs.
5. I'll _______________ my little brother there tomorrow.
知识点38:It + be + 形容词 + to do sth——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· In the past, it was difficult to travel in Guizhou.(P.5 4c)在过去,在贵州旅行很困难。
讲解:
________________________________:it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
________________________________:形容词说明事物特征。
________________________________:形容词说明人物品质。
In the past 在过去(常与___________________连用)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
学好英语很重要。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
对我来说完成这项工作很难。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
你帮助我真是太好了。
巩固练习:用所给动词的不定式形式填空。
1. It is important _______________(learn)English well.
2. It was exciting _______________(watch)the game.
3. It is difficult for me _______________(finish)the work.
4. It is kind of you ___________________ ______(help)me.
5. It is easy _______________(do)this job.
知识点39:bridge / cross / dirt——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· There used to be no bridges to cross over mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks.
(P.5 4c)过去没有桥可以翻山越岭、跨过河流,大多数道路只是泥土路。
讲解:
bridge [可数名词] 桥
cross [动词] 穿过;横过
dirt [不可数名词] 泥土;尘土
dirt tracks 泥土路
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
过马路时要小心。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过马路时要小心。
Be careful when you _______________ the road.
2. 过去全是泥土路。
There used to be _______________ tracks.
3. 河上有一座桥。
There is a _______________ over the river.
知识点40:thousands of / hundred, thousand, million 用法——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· The government has built thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads.
(P.5 4c)政府修建了数千公里的公路、铁路和宽阔的道路。
讲解:
___________________成千上万的(概数:加-s,加of)
___________________ 两千(确切数字:不加-s,不加of)
口诀:___________________(无s,无of);___________________(有s,有of)。
highway [可数名词] 公路
railway [可数名词] 铁路
wide [形容词] 宽的;宽阔的
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
成千上万的人参观了博物馆。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 成千上万的人参观了博物馆。
_______________ __________ people visited the museum.
2. 我们学校有两千名学生。
There are _______________ __________ students in our school.
3. 数百万人需要帮助。
_______________ __________ people need help.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. _______________(thousand)of people lost their homes in the earthquake.
2. There are five _______________(hundred)students in our grade.
3. _______________(million)of birds fly south in winter.
4. She paid two _______________(thousand)yuan for the computer.
知识点41:定语从句(that)——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· A journey that used to take a day now takes only a few hours.(P.5 4c)
过去需要花一天的旅程现在只需要几个小时。
讲解:
that used to take a day 是______从句,修饰先行词 ________。关系代词 that 在从句中作______。
journey [可数名词] 旅程;行程
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________!
旅途愉快!
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过去需要花一天的旅程现在只需要几个小时。
A _______________ that used to take a day now takes only a few hours.
2. 旅途愉快!
Have a good _______________!
知识点42:as a result / as a result of——P.5 4c
教材原句:
· As a result, the lives of local people have improved.(P.5 4c)
结果,当地人的生活得到了改善。
讲解:
· ___________________:因此;结果(单独使用,后接结果)
· ___________________:因为;由于(后接原因)
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
他没有努力学习。结果,他考试不及格。
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
因为大雨,比赛被取消了。
巩固练习:用 as a result / as a result of 填空。
1. He didn't study hard. _______________, he failed the exam.
2. _______________ the heavy rain, the match was cancelled.
3. She worked very hard. _______________, she got good grades.
4. _______________ the traffic jam, we were late.
Section B
知识点43:system / benefit——P.6 1a
教材原句:
· Does your hometown have a train system? How does it benefit local lives?(P.6 1a)
你的家乡有铁路系统吗?它如何惠及当地人的生活?
讲解:
system [可数名词] 系统;体系
benefit [动词] 得益于;使受益 [名词] 优势;益处
___________________________从……中受益
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
当地的肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益匪浅。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 你们的家乡有铁路系统吗?
Does your hometown have a _______________ _______________?
2. 中国的教育体系正在改善。
China's ______________________________ is improving.
二、用 benefit 的适当形式填空。
1. We have _______________ a lot from the new policy.
2. This project will _______________ many people.
3. The _______________ of exercise is good health.
知识点44:被动语态(一般过去时)——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.
(P.6 1b)2017年,新的480公里蒙巴萨-内罗毕铁路开通了。
讲解:
一般过去时的被动语态:______________________________________
巩固练习:用所给动词的被动语态形式填空。
1. The new railway _______________(open)in 2017.
2. The bridge _______________(build)last year.
3. The book _______________(write)by Lu Xun.
4. The window _______________(break)by the boy.
5. The work _______________(finish)yesterday.
知识点45:link / main / port / capital——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.(P.6 1b)
在此之前,肯尼亚的主要港口蒙巴萨和肯尼亚首都内罗毕之间唯一的交通连接是崎岖的道路和一条建于1901年的旧铁路线。
讲解:
link [可数名词] 交通路线;联系 [动词] 连接
____________________________交通连接
main [形容词] 主要的
port [可数名词] 港口
capital [可数名词] 首都
名词所有格:'s 所有格可用于国家、城市等无生命事物的名词。
过去分词短语作定语:放在被修饰名词后面,表示被动或完成的含义。
巩固练习:
一、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这两个城市之间有直达交通。
There is a direct __________ between the two cities.
2. 蒙巴萨是肯尼亚的主要港口。
Mombasa is Kenya's __________ port.
3. 北京是中国的首都。
Beijing is the __________ of China.
4. 这篇文章的主旨是什么?
What is the __________ idea of this article?
二、用所给动词的过去分词短语完成句子。
建于1901年的旧铁路线。
The old railway line _______________ _______________.
知识点46:cut...to... / passenger / with China's help——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· However, the new railway, built with China‘s help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi to about four hours for passengers. (P.6 1b)然而,在中国帮助下修建的新铁路已经将乘客从蒙巴萨到内罗毕的旅行时间缩短到了大约4个小时。
讲解:
________________________将……缩短到……
________________________在中国的帮助下
________________________ 在某人的帮助下
passenger [可数名词] 乘客
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 新路把旅行时间缩短到了30分钟。
The new road __________ the travel time __________ 30 minutes.
2. 在中国的帮助下。
__________ China's help.
3. 所有乘客必须系好安全带。
All _______________ must fasten their seat belts.
知识点47:more than / million——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Now, more than two million people use it every year.(P.6 1b)
现在,每年有超过两百万人使用它。
讲解:
___________________ 超过;多于(= over)
___________________ 两百万(具体数字,不加-s,不加of)
___________________数百万的(概数,加-s,加of)
巩固练习:用 more than / over / million 的正确形式填空。
1. _______________ 500 students took part in the activity.
2. There are two _______________ people in this city.
3. _______________ of people visit the Great Wall every year.
4. She has taught here for _______________ 20 years.
知识点48:Kenyan / be happy with——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.(P.6 1b)
当地的肯尼亚人从新铁路中受益匪浅s。
· I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends.(P.6 1b)
我对我们的中国朋友修建的新铁路非常满意。
讲解:
Kenyan [可数名词] 肯尼亚人 [形容词] 肯尼亚的
___________________ 对……感到满意(= _______________________ / _______________________)
by [介词] 由……(被动语态中引出动作执行者)
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的父母对我的成绩感到满意。
My parents are __________ __________ my grades.
2. 这本书是鲁迅写的。
The book was written __________ Lu Xun.
知识点49:convenient——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.(P.6 1b)它非常方便,花费也不多。
讲解:
convenient [形容词] 方便的
_______________________________ 对某人来说做某事很方便
【注意】 convenient 的主语不能是人。
(×)I am convenient to go there.
(√)It is convenient for me to go there.
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 对我来说坐公交车去学校很方便。
It is _______________ for me to go to school by bus.
2. 新铁路非常方便。
The new railway is very_______________.
3. 对人们来说使用电子支付很方便。
__________ __________ _______________ for people to use e-payment.
知识点50:cost / spend / take / pay——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money.(P.6 1b)它非常方便,花费也不多。
讲解:
词项
主语
宾语
常用结构
cost
金钱
spend
时间/金钱
take
时间
pay
金钱
巩固练习:用 cost / spend / take / pay 的适当形式填空。
1. This book _______________ 20 yuan.
2. I _______________ 30 yuan on this book.
3. It _______________ me 30 minutes to get to school.
4. He _______________ 80 yuan for the basketball.
5. She _______________ too much time on games.
单项选择。
(江苏连云港中考)Jim, you'd better not __________ too much time on your mobile phone.
A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay
知识点51:be able to / on time / in time——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease.(P.6 1b)
我能够按时到达各个地方,轻松地谈成生意。
讲解:
___________________ 能够(强调通过努力获得的能力,可用于各种时态)
___________________ 按时;准时
___________________ 及时
___________________ 达成交易
___________________ 轻而易举地
巩固练习:
一、用 be able to 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______________ speak English well.
2. She _______________ finish the work on time yesterday.
3. He _______________ come to the party next week.
二、用 on time / in time 填空。
1. Please come to school _______________.
2. We arrived _______________ for the train.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 他轻松地通过了考试。
He passed the exam __________ __________.
2. 他们达成了交易。
They __________ __________ __________.
知识点52:lorry / fresh——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains.(P.6 1b)
过去需要数百辆卡车在两座城市之间运送食品,但现在只需要两三列火车。
· people now have more fresh food to eat(P.6 1b)人们现在有更多的新鲜食物可以吃
讲解:
lorry [可数名词] 卡车(英式),美式用 truck
fresh [形容词] 新鲜的
动词不定式作定语:放在被修饰名词后面。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 过去需要数百辆卡车运输食品。
Food used to take hundreds of _______________ to carry.
2. 人们现在有更多的新鲜食物可以吃。
People now have more _______________ food to eat.
3. 我们需要新鲜空气。
We need _______________ air.
知识点53:although / far away from / work together——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work together to build a better world.(P.6 1b)
虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远,但这条铁路展示了不同国家如何能够合作建设一个更美好的世界。
讲解:
Although 引导___________________ 从句,不能与______ 同时使用。
(√)Although he was tired, he kept working.
(×)Although he was tired, but he kept working.
___________________ 远离……
___________________ 合作;共同努力
巩固练习:
一、用 although 合并句子。
1. He was tired. He kept working.
→ __________ he was tired, he kept working.
2. She was busy. She helped me.
→ __________ she was busy, she helped me.
二、判断下列句子正误,错误的请改正。
1. Although he was tired, he kept working. ( )
2. Although he was tired, but he kept working. ( )
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 我的学校离我家很远。
My school is __________ __________ from my home.
2. 我们应该共同努力解决这个问题。
We should __________ _______________ to solve this problem.
知识点54:make + 宾语 + 形容词——P.6 1b
教材原句:
· The railway has also made the transport of food easier. (P.6 1b)
这条铁路还使食品运输变得更加容易。
讲解:
______________________________________ 意为"使……变得……"
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
这个消息让我很开心。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 这个消息让我很开心。The news __________ __________ happy.
2. 学习英语让我们更自信。
Learning English __________ __________ more confident.
3. 这条铁路使食品运输更容易。
The railway has __________ the transport of food __________.
知识点55:track / mean / meaning——P.7 1d
教材原句:
· What does "on the fast track" mean?(P.7 1d)"On the fast track"是什么意思?
讲解:
track [可数名词] 轨道;小路
__________________________ 在快车道上(比喻"快速发展")
mean [动词] 意思是
meaning [可数名词] 意思;含义
巩固练习:用 mean / meaning 填空。
1. What does this word_______________?
2. Can you tell me the _______________ of this word?
3. "On the fast track" _______________ "fast development".
4. What's the _______________ of life?
知识点56:bring about(带来;引起)——P.8 Reflecting
教材原句:
· What do you think brings about changes?(P.8 Reflecting)你认为是什么带来了变化?
讲解:
___________________ 意为"带来;引起"
翻译:
· ____________________________________________________________________________.
科学技术给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。
巩固练习:根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 科学技术给我们的生活带来了巨大变化。
Science and technology have __________ __________ great changes in our life.
2. 什么带来了幸福?
What __________ __________ happiness?
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