2025-2026学年高二英语下学期期末自编模拟卷（广东专用）

**基本信息** 本试卷以国际暑期课程、AI机器人、艺术疗愈等时代性主题为载体，通过多样化题型考查语言能力、思维品质与文化意识，适配高二期末综合评估需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读（第一节）|15题/37.5分|应用文、记叙文、科技说明文、书评|情境贴近生活（如暑期课程选课指南）、融入科技前沿（模块化机器人），考查信息筛选与逻辑推理| |阅读（第二节）|5题/12.5分|语篇衔接|聚焦有效阅读策略，培养学习能力，如预览、笔记等方法指导| |完形填空|15题/15分|词汇辨析、语境理解|以音乐文化为主题，渗透文化意识，考查语言综合运用| |语法填空|10题/15分|语法规则、文化词汇|围绕中国榫卯结构，传承传统文化，提升跨文化认知| |写作（邮件）|1题/15分|应用文写作|结合外教心理健康课反馈情境，培养真实沟通能力| |写作（续写）|1题/25分|记叙文写作|通过AI艺术帮助朋友的故事，提升情感表达与思维深度|

绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to our 2026 International Summer Course, a program designed for global teenagers aged 15-18 to enhance academic skills and cross-cultural communication. Running from July 7 to August 1, the course adopts a flexible modular (模块化) structure, requiring participants to select a combination of one Main Course plus one Optional Activity. Main Courses (Choose ONE) Course Name Schedule Core Focus & Assessment English Communication Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am Speaking, listening, group debates and impromptu (即兴的) public speaking. Graded by class performance. Creative Writing Mon-Fri, 1:00-3:30 pm Narrative stories, argumentative essays and personal reflections. Final work submitted via email. Science Exploration Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am Campus-based simple experiments, community environmental projects and team research reports. Optional Activities (Choose ONE) Art: Tue & Thu, 4:00-5:30 pm (studio access provided for extra practice after class) Sports: Mon & Wed, 4:00-5:30 pm (including basketball, badminton and outdoor hiking) Music: Fri, 3:00-5:30 pm (covering vocal training and basic music production) Important Information Course Fee: $380 per person, covering the selected main course, one optional activity, textbooks and basic learning materials. Lunch is excluded; participants may bring packed meals or purchase food at the school cafe (cash and mobile payment accepted). Certificate Requirement: To obtain the official course certificate, participants must attend at least 85% of all scheduled sessions and complete the required coursework for their main course. Cancellation Policy: A 50% refund will be issued only if the cancellation is made in writing two weeks prior to the course start date (June 23). No refunds will be granted for cancellations made after this deadline or for absences due to personal reasons. 1．What do the three main courses have in common? A．They focus on writing skills. B．They include outdoor activities. C．They are assessed by final written work. D．They last two and a half hours each time. 2．What should a participant do to get the course certificate? A．Get high scores in class performance. B．Finish both main and optional coursework. C．Attend at least 85% of the scheduled sessions. D．Complete main course tasks and meet attendance rules. 3．What can we know about the program? A．It offers a full refund for early cancellation. B．It requires one main and two optional courses. C．It targets teenagers and lasts roughly four weeks. D．It includes extra practice for all optional activities. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年国际青少年暑期课程的课程设置、时间安排、费用、证书要求及退费政策等相关信息。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据表格中三门课的时间“Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am(周一至周五，上午 9:00-11:30)”、“Mon-Fri, 1:00-3:30 pm(周一至周五，下午 1 点至 3 点 30 分)”和“Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am(周一至周五，上午 9:00-11:30)”可知，三门课每次均为2.5小时。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Certificate Requirement:”部分“To obtain the official course certificate, participants must attend at least 85% of all scheduled sessions and complete the required coursework for their main course.(要获得正式的课程证书，学员必须参加所有预定课程的至少 85%的授课内容，并完成其主课程所要求的作业。)”可知，获取证书需满足两个条件，完成预定课程的85%的授课内容并完成相关的作业，即达到出勤率要求并完成主课任务。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Welcome to our 2026 International Summer Course, a program designed for global teenagers aged 15-18 to enhance academic skills and cross-cultural communication. Running from July 7 to August 1, the course adopts a flexible modular (模块化) structure, requiring participants to select a combination of one Main Course plus one Optional Activity.(欢迎参加我们将于2026年举办的国际暑期课程，这是一项专为 15 至 18 岁的全球青少年设计的项目，旨在提升学术能力和跨文化沟通能力。该课程从7月7日持续至8月1日，采用灵活的模块化结构，要求参与者选择一门主课程加一门选修活动的组合。)”可知，该课程面向15–18岁青少年，时间为7月7日至8月1日，时长约四周，即该项目的目标群体是青少年，大概持续四周。 B When I inherited (继承) my grandmother’s old wooden desk last summer, I never expected it to change my relationship with writing. The desk, with its faded cherry finish and a small drawer stuck shut, had sat in her attic for over a decade. My parents suggested donating it, but something about the carved first letters of grandma’s name “E. M.” on the corner made me decide to bring it home. I spent an entire weekend trying to open the stuck drawer. Nothing worked until I remembered Grandma’s love for beeswax candles — she always lit them while writing letters to her sister. I rubbed a piece of beeswax along the drawer’s edges, and it slid open. Inside was a tattered notebook filled with her poetry, a fountain pen with dried ink, and a note that read: “For the one who will carry on the words.” Grandma was a quiet woman who rarely talked about her writing. I had no idea she composed poetry, let alone that she dreamed of having her work published. As I read her verses — about the beauty of rural sunsets, the pain of losing her husband young, and the joy of watching her grandchildren grow — I felt a connection to her I had never experienced before. Her words were simple but heartfelt, and they made me see the world through her eyes. Inspired by her notebook, I started writing again. I had abandoned my hobby of writing short stories years ago, overwhelmed by schoolwork and the fear that my words were not good enough. But sitting at Grandma’s desk, using her fountain pen, I found my voice again. I wrote about my childhood summers at her farm, about the way the desk smelled like cedar and memories, and about the courage it took for Grandma to write in secret. Last month, I submitted one of my stories to a local literary magazine. To my shock, it was accepted for publication. When I received the acceptance letter, I placed it on the desk next to Grandma’s notebook. In that moment, I knew she was smiling down on me. The desk was never just a piece of furniture — it was a bridge between two generations, a reminder that our words can live on long after we are gone. 4．Why did the author refuse to donate the desk? A．The author knew it could make a difference to writing. B．The author was touched by the initials “E. M.”. C．The author thought it was an expensive piece of furniture. D．The author discovered the secret in the drawer. 5．What does the underlined sentence in Para.2 imply? A．Grandma left the desk to whoever found the notebook. B．Grandma hoped to write letters to her sister. C．Grandma expected the author to continue writing. D．Grandma dreamed of publishing her poetry. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The author’s understanding of grandma’s life. B．The beauty of grandma’s words. C．Grandma’s writing style. D．Grandma’s early experiences. 7．What might be the best title for the text? A．Unpublished Poetry B．Journey Back to Writing C．Secret to a Long Life D．Gift in the Drawer 【答案】4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 【导语】文章主要讲述作者继承奶奶的旧木桌，打开卡住的抽屉后发现了奶奶秘密创作的诗歌笔记本与留言，受其鼓舞重新拾起了荒废多年的写作爱好，最终作品成功发表，感悟到这份遗物是连接两代写作者的精神纽带。 【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“My parents suggested donating it, but something about the carved first letters of grandma’ name “E. M.” on the corner made me decide to bring it home.(父母建议捐赠，但角落里刻着祖母名字“E. M.”的首字母，却让我决定把它带回家)”可知，作者因为被奶奶名字首字母E.M.触动，所以拒绝捐赠桌子。 5．词句猜测题。根据划线句“For the one who will carry on the words(留给那个会将文字延续下去的人)”并结合第四段中“Inspired by her notebook, I started writing again.(受到她笔记本的启发，我又重新开始写作)”提到作者受这份遗物激励重新开始写作的情节可推知，这句话暗示奶奶希望找到这份遗物的作者能够继续写作。 6．主旨大意题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“As I read her verses — about the beauty of rural sunsets, the pain of losing her husband young, and the joy of watching her grandchildren grow — I felt a connection to her I had never experienced before. Her words were simple but heartfelt, and they made me see the world through her eyes.(当我读着她的诗句——关于乡村日落的美丽、年轻时失去丈夫的痛苦，以及看着孙辈成长的喜悦——我忽然感受到一种前所未有的情感联结。她的话语简单却真挚，让我得以透过她的目光看见世界)”可知，第三段主要讲述了作者阅读奶奶的诗歌后，对奶奶的人生有了新的理解。 7．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段中“The desk was never just a piece of furniture — it was a bridge between two generations, a reminder that our words can live on long after we are gone.(这书桌从来不只是家具——它是连接两代人之间的桥梁，提醒着我们：即使离开人世，我们的文字依然可以长久地留存)”可知，文章主要讲述作者继承奶奶的旧木桌，打开卡住的抽屉后发现了奶奶秘密创作的诗歌笔记本与留言，受其鼓舞重新拾起了荒废多年的写作爱好，最终作品成功发表，感悟到这份遗物是连接两代写作者的精神纽带，D项“抽屉里的礼物”最贴合文章主旨。 C While it moves awkwardly and rigidly, Northwestern University’s robot represents a remarkable breakthrough in robotics. The AI-assisted robot, composed of independent modular units like Lego blocks, can handle unexpected damage and adjust its structure and movement strategies according to external changes, demonstrating a form of “motor intelligence” rarely seen in existing robots. Most contemporary robots are equipped with two or four legs, or rely on wheels for movement. Though expert in walking and jumping, they will break down instantly once a leg is lost. In contrast, the novel robot consists of basic modules, each integrating a circuit board, a battery and a motor, which function as the robot’s “nervous system”, “metabolism” and “muscles” respectively. Each module features only one moving joint, yet its simple mechanical design does not restrict its mobility. When connected together, these modules can form robots with three, four or five legs, enabling free shape transformation. The core power driving the robot originates from AI algorithms (算法) that simulate natural evolution. In a virtual environment, the AI rapidly tests billions of structural combinations, discarding unworkable designs and keeping excellent ones. Within seconds, it completes the evolutionary process that would take nature billions of years, generating highly efficient robot structures beyond human imagination. These modular robots achieved fantastic performance. They can move steadily across uneven and varied landscapes autonomously. Even when overturned or losing legs, they quickly adjust their strategies and continue moving. In tests, these robots have already exhibited movement patterns similar to leaping kangaroos and rolling seals. “This robot excels in complex environments and more notably, its ability to self-adjust to unexpected conditions can deepen human understanding of the laws of biological evolution, teaching us about why spiders have 8 legs, centipedes a hundred and snakes no legs at all, as well as how each has adapted to navigate their environments,” noted Sam Kriegman, lead author of the study. This novel technology advances the development of robotics. In the future, such modular parts can be mass-produced, allowing people to put together custom robots easily. 8．What is the most remarkable advantage of the novel robot? A．AI-generated system. B．Odd appearance. C．Rhythmic movement. D．Unique adaptability. 9．What is the AI’s key role in the robot design? A．Evaluating sample data. B．Creating virtual environments. C．Evolving ideal structures. D．Simplifying robot components. 10．Why are kangaroos and seals mentioned? A．To show motion likeness. B．To praise their skills. C．To prove evolutionary laws. D．To compare flexibility. 11．What does Sam mainly say concerning the robot? A．Its affordability. B．Its cross-field implications. C．Its test performance. D．Its large-scale market demand. 【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B 【导语】主要说明了美国西北大学研发模块化智能机器人，可自由变形、受损自愈，依托 AI 算法模拟进化生成高效结构，运动模式仿生物，还助力人类理解生物进化、推动机器人技术发展。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据第一段“The AI-assisted robot, composed of independent modular units like Lego blocks, can handle unexpected damage and adjust its structure and movement strategies according to external changes, demonstrating a form of “motor intelligence” rarely seen in existing robots.(这款由独立模块单元（如同乐高积木）组成的智能机器人能够应对意外损坏，并根据外部环境的变化调整其结构和行动策略，展现出一种在现有机器人中罕见的“运动智能”。)”可知，这款新型机器人的最显著优点是独特的适应性。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The core power driving the robot originates from AI algorithms (算法) that simulate natural evolution. In a virtual environment, the AI rapidly tests billions of structural combinations, discarding unworkable designs and keeping excellent ones. Within seconds, it completes the evolutionary process that would take nature billions of years, generating highly efficient robot structures beyond human imagination.(驱动机器人的核心动力源自于模拟自然进化的人工智能算法。在虚拟环境中，该算法会迅速测试数十亿种结构组合，淘汰不可行的设计，保留优秀的方案。短短几秒钟内，它就能完成自然界需要数十亿年才能完成的进化过程，生成超出人类想象的高效机器人结构)”可知，人工智能可以优化机器人的理想结构。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段“In tests, these robots have already exhibited movement patterns similar to leaping kangaroos and rolling seals.(在测试中，这些机器人已经展现出了与跳跃的袋鼠和滚动的海豹类似的运动模式)”可知，提到袋鼠和海豹是为了展现机器人的运动模式与这类动物的相似性。 11．细节理解题。根据第五段““This robot excels in complex environments and more notably, its ability to self-adjust to unexpected conditions can deepen human understanding of the laws of biological evolution, teaching us about why spiders have 8 legs, centipedes a hundred and snakes no legs at all, as well as how each has adapted to navigate their environments,” noted Sam Kriegman, lead author of the study.(该研究的首席作者萨姆·克里格曼指出：“这款机器人在复杂环境中表现卓越，更值得一提的是，它能够自我适应意外情况，这有助于人类更深入地理解生物进化的规律，让我们了解到蜘蛛为何有8条腿、蜈蚣为何有100条腿、而蛇为何完全没有腿，以及每种生物是如何适应其生存环境的。”)”可知，萨姆指出这款机器人不仅推动机器人领域发展，还对生物进化研究有重要意义，即具有跨领域启示意义。 D Daisy Fancourt’s absorbing book, Art Cure, profoundly explores “the science of how the arts transform our health”. Fancourt, a distinguished professor of psychobiology and epidemiology (流行病学) at University College London, convincingly demonstrates how engaging with various art forms can significantly improve mental health and even reduce postoperative pain in surgical settings. Fancourt supports her arguments with thorough evidence, drawing readers into the science through vivid personal stories and detailed case studies. For instance, Russell, after suffering a stroke, found himself sliding into depression until an eight-week art class course helped him recover. Beyond such inspiring accounts, Fancourt also dives into the complex biological processes. She explains how regular arts engagement, maintained over months and years, can lead to widespread longer-term physiological changes, such as reducing stress hormones and boosting immune function. She boldly states: “If a drug had the same range of benefits as the arts, we’d be telling everyone about it. ” Art Cure has gained widespread praise, nominated for the Women’s Prize for Non-Fiction. Its impact extends beyond literary circles. Neuropsychiatrist Emma Weisblatt praised its accurate yet accessible science, even noting she could confidently direct her students to it. Reader Alan Perrett, initially skeptical, was ultimately convinced by Fancourt’s arguments. He now claims that a life without some form of arts engagement is not just incomplete but “actually harmful,” which is a powerful testament (证据) to the book’s persuasive power. Fancourt defines “the arts” very broadly, extending beyond just music or theatre to include diverse activities like handicrafts, gardening, cooking, and even circus skills. She encourages readers to apply a “daily dose” of arts in their lives, integrating creativity into their routines. This could be as simple as humming a tune, sketching in a notebook, or appreciating a beautiful piece of architecture. Ultimately, Art Cure serves as a powerful reminder that embracing creativity can lead to a healthier, more fulfilling life. 12．What can be inferred about Fancourt’s research approach? A．It combines solid evidence with real cases. B．It focuses merely on personal stories and cases. C．It ignores the value of detailed case studies. D．It overstates the effects of art on physical health. 13．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The influence of art on health. B．The academic value of Art Cure. C．The wide recognition of the book. D．Comments on Fancourt’s research. 14．What are readers advised to do according to Fancourt? A．Learn traditional art skills. B．Take up creative activities daily. C．Develop unique performing talents. D．Balance arts engagement and work. 15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To compare art with medicine. B．To show the significance of art. C．To introduce a research method. D．To recommend a book to readers. 【答案】12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文介绍伦敦大学学院教授Daisy Fancourt的著作《艺术疗愈》，该书结合详实证据与真实案例论证了参与艺术活动对身心健康的诸多益处，一经推出就收获广泛赞誉，作者还在书中呼吁大众将创意艺术融入日常生活，拥抱更健康丰盈的人生。 【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fancourt supports her arguments with thorough evidence, drawing readers into the science through vivid personal stories and detailed case studies.(Fancourt用详尽的证据支撑她的论点，通过生动的个人故事和详细的案例研究带领读者了解这门科学)”可知，她的研究方法是将扎实的科学证据和真实案例相结合。 13．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Art Cure has gained widespread praise, nominated for the Women’s Prize for Non-Fiction. Its impact extends beyond literary circles. Neuropsychiatrist Emma Weisblatt praised its accurate yet accessible science, even noting she could confidently direct her students to it. Reader Alan Perrett, initially skeptical, was ultimately convinced by Fancourt’s arguments. (《艺术疗愈》获得了广泛的赞誉，被提名为女性非虚构写作奖。它的影响超越了文学界。神经精神病学家Emma Weisblatt高度赞扬了其科学知识既准确又易于理解，甚至指出她可以自信地把这本书推荐给她的学生。读者Alan Perrett最初持怀疑态度，最终被Fancourt的论点所说服。 )”可知，第三段从奖项提名、专业学者评价、普通读者反馈多个角度介绍了这本书收获的广泛认可。 14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She encourages readers to apply a “daily dose” of arts in their lives, integrating creativity into their routines.(她鼓励读者在生活中每天参与一点艺术活动，将创意融入日常生活)”可知，她建议读者每天进行创意活动。 15．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Daisy Fancourt’s absorbing book, Art Cure, profoundly explores “the science of how the arts transform our health”.(Daisy Fancourt引人入胜的著作《艺术疗愈》深入探讨了“艺术如何改变我们的健康的科学”。)”可知，全文围绕《艺术疗愈》这本书展开，依次介绍了书的核心观点、作者的研究方法、获得的评价和传递的理念，由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是向读者推荐这本书。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Reading Effectively Reading is a lifelong skill that everyone needs in study and daily life, but many people never learn to read efficiently. They often spend plenty of time on reading yet gain little useful information. 16 Here are several practical and easy methods to help you improve your reading skills. Preview before reading. Spending one or two minutes previewing the article before reading is a good habit. 17 Look at headings, subheadings, pictures, charts and the first sentence of each paragraph. This simple operation helps you get a general idea of the whole passage and know what the text is mainly about. Adjust your reading speed flexibly. There is no need to read every single word slowly. Slow down for difficult and key parts that need deep understanding; skim quickly for trivial details and main ideas. 18 Take notes while reading. It is helpful to write down key points, core information or your own questions during reading. 19 It can help you focus your attention and sort out the text logic clearly. Review regularly after reading. Go over what you’ve read within 24 hours to deepen your memory and understand the content better. 20 Only reading with clear purposes can bring you real progress. A．It’s a waste of time to read without a purpose. B．Many students read word by word, which is slow. C．Previewing takes only a few minutes but saves time later. D．Good readers know when to speed up or slow down. E．You can also underline important information and key sentences. F．Reading is one of the best ways to gain knowledge. G．Without effective strategies, reading can be slow and tiring. 【答案】16．G 17．C 18．D 19．E 20．A 【导语】文章主要介绍四种高效阅读的实用方法与相关建议。 【详解】16．上文“They often spend plenty of time on reading yet gain little useful information. (他们经常花费大量时间阅读，却只获得很少的有用信息。)”说明许多人阅读效率低下的现状。下文“Here are several practical and easy methods to help you improve your reading skills. (以下是几个实用且简单的方法来帮助你提高阅读技能。)”引出具体的改进建议。空处应承上启下，指出缺乏有效策略导致的问题。G选项“Without effective strategies, reading can be slow and tiring. (没有有效的策略，阅读可能会变得缓慢且令人疲惫。)”中的“slow and tiring”与上文形成因果关系，且自然引出下文的解决方法。 17．上文“Spending one or two minutes previewing the article before reading is a good habit. (阅读前花一两分钟预览文章是一个好习惯。)”提出了预览的做法。下文“Look at headings, subheadings, pictures, charts and the first sentence of each paragraph. (看标题、副标题、图片、图表和每个段落的第一句话。)”具体说明了预览的内容。空处应承接预览这一话题，说明其作用或优势。C选项“Previewing takes only a few minutes but saves time later. (预览只需几分钟，但以后能节省时间。)”中的“takes only a few minutes”与上文的“one or two minutes”呼应，“saves time later”与下文预览的具体操作形成逻辑衔接。 18．上文“Slow down for difficult and key parts that need deep understanding; skim quickly for trivial details and main ideas. (对需要深入理解的难点和关键部分放慢速度；对琐碎细节和主要观点快速浏览。)”说明了根据不同内容调整阅读速度的方法。空处应总结或概括这一阅读技巧。D选项“Good readers know when to speed up or slow down. (好的读者知道何时加速或减速。)”中的“speed up or slow down”与上文的具体描述完全对应，是对该阅读策略的精炼概括。 19．上文“It is helpful to write down key points, core information or your own questions during reading. (阅读时写下关键点、核心信息或自己的问题是有帮助的。)”提出了做笔记的具体内容。下文“It can help you focus your attention and sort out the text logic clearly. (它可以帮助你集中注意力，清晰地梳理文本逻辑。)”说明了做笔记的作用。空处应补充做笔记的另一种常见方式。E选项“You can also underline important information and key sentences. (你也可以在重要信息和关键句子下面划线。)”中的“also”与上文形成并列关系，“underline”是另一种笔记标注方式，与下文“It”指代一致。 20．上文“Go over what you’ve read within 24 hours to deepen your memory and understand the content better. (在24小时内复习读过的内容，以加深记忆并更好地理解内容。)”提出了复习的建议。下文“Only reading with clear purposes can bring you real progress. (只有带着明确目的的阅读才能带来真正的进步。)”强调了阅读要有目的性。空处应引出或强调阅读目的的重要性。A选项“It’s a waste of time to read without a purpose. (没有目的的阅读是浪费时间。)”中的“without a purpose”与下文的“with clear purposes”形成正反对比，且“waste of time”与上文复习建议形成逻辑递进。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Music is part of every culture on the Earth, which can be pleasant, sad, romantic, sleepy, healing — all kinds of things. But what is it? Some people call it an art that sounds 21 time. Our ears receive it as loud or 22 , high or low, rapid and short, or slow and fast. The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become 23 . Music, like 24 , is a human form of communication. As with language, there are many different kinds. In North America, people listen to jazz, rock, classical, folk, country, and many other kinds of music. Each kind of music has its own rules and " 25 " to us in its own way. No one knows for sure when music 26 . Perhaps while working, people sang to make it go faster. People who were 27 movements — picking crops or rowing boats, for example — could sing in time 28 for the work. Navajo Indians, for example, had corn-grinding songs. Over time, people 29 musical instruments. They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 30 . Sticks and objects that rattled (碰响) could have 31 the human body as early 32 . Both instruments and music became more complex (复杂) with time. Today, music in many cultures consists of art music and music of the people. Art music, which we call classical music, is more 33 than the music of the people — 34 music and popular music. Art music is generally harder to write and perform. Musicians who perform it need a lot of 35 . Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create, perform, and understand. 21．A．in B．over C．against D．across 22．A．small B．noisy C．soft D．distant 23．A．music B．tune C．symphony D．masterpiece 24．A．breath B．jazz C．chorus D．language 25．A．weeps B．turns C．speaks D．whispers 26．A．recorded B．began C．composed D．transformed 27．A．possessing B．accompanying C．combining D．repeating 28．A．gifted B．particular C．suitable D．dramatic 29．A．defended B．developed C．deserved D．guaranteed 30．A．feet B．faces C．volumes D．rhythms 31．A．overcome B．swept C．replaced D．steamed 32．A．images B．adaptation C．music D．instruments 33．A．essential B．impressive C．unusual D．complicated 34．A．folk B．rural C．jazz D．grand 35．A．training B．encouragement C．reputation D．expectation 【答案】 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了音乐的本质、属性与人类的关联，讲述了音乐的起源与发展历程，还区分了艺术音乐（古典音乐）和民间、流行音乐的不同特点，阐释了音乐作为人类交流方式的独特价值。 【详解】21．考查介词词义辨析。句意：有人称它为一种跨越时间的艺术。A. in在……里面；B. over在……之上；C. against对抗；D. across跨越。根据前文“Music is part of every culture on the Earth”可知音乐存在于人类各文化中，且会流传延续，“across time”表示“跨越时间”，符合音乐的特性，故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的耳朵听到的音乐或响亮或轻柔，或高亢或低沉，或急促短促，或舒缓快速。A. small小的；B. noisy吵闹的；C. soft轻柔的；D. distant遥远的。根据前文“loud or”可知此处为反义并列，“loud”（响亮的）的反义词是“soft”（轻柔的），符合对声音的描述逻辑，故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些声音需要以某种模式持续一段时间，才能成为音乐。A. music音乐；B. tune曲调；C. symphony交响乐；D. masterpiece杰作。根据文章主题围绕“music”展开，前文描述了构成音乐的各类声音特点，可知这些有规律的声音组合起来才会成为音乐，“music”符合语境，故选A。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐和语言一样，是人类的一种交流方式。A. breath呼吸；B. jazz爵士乐；C. chorus合唱；D. language语言。根据后文“As with language, there are many different kinds”可知作者将音乐和语言作类比，二者都是人类的交流形式，“language”符合语义，故选D。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每种音乐都有自己的规则，并以自己的方式向我们“诉说”。A. weeps哭泣；B. turns转动；C. speaks诉说、表达；D. whispers低语。根据前文“Music, like 4 , is a human form of communication”可知音乐是交流方式，能像人一样传递信息、表达内容，“speaks”契合音乐的交流属性，故选C。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人确切知道音乐是何时开始的。A. recorded记录；B. began开始；C. composed创作；D. transformed转变。根据后文“Perhaps while working, people sang to make it go faster”是对音乐起源的推测，可知此处是问音乐的开始时间，“began”符合语境，故选B。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些重复做某个动作的人——比如采摘庄稼或划船，会配合着工作的节奏唱歌。A. possessing拥有；B. accompanying陪伴；C. combining结合；D. repeating重复。根据后文“picking crops or rowing boats”可知这些劳作都是重复性的动作，“repeating”符合此类劳作的特点，故选D。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些重复做某个动作的人——比如采摘庄稼或划船，会配合着工作的节奏唱合适的歌。A. gifted有天赋的；B. particular特别的；C. suitable合适的；D. dramatic戏剧性的。根据前文“sing in time”可知人们唱歌会跟上劳作的节奏，选的是适合劳作节奏的歌，“suitable”符合语义，故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，人们研制出了乐器。A. defended保卫；B. developed研制、发展；C. deserved应得；D. guaranteed保证。根据后文“They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their”可知人们从身体发声逐渐发展到使用工具，进而研制出专门的乐器，“developed”符合音乐器材的发展过程，故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们可能最初是拍手、跺脚来发声。A. feet脚；B. faces脸；C. volumes音量；D. rhythms节奏。根据前文“stamping their”，可知此处是和前文“clapping their hands”并列的身体动作，“stamp one's feet”是固定搭配，意为“跺脚”，符合语境，故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：棍棒和能发出声响的物品可能最早取代了人体（作为发声的工具）。A. overcome克服；B. swept扫过；C. replaced取代；D. steamed蒸。根据前文“ hey might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 10 . Sticks and objects”，可知人们用拍手、跺脚发声，后来使用棍棒等物品发声，这些物品取代了身体成为发声工具，“replaced”符合语义，故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：棍棒和能发出声响的物品可能最早取代了人体，成为早期的乐器。A. images形象；B. adaptation适应；C. music音乐；D. instruments乐器。根据前文“people 9 musical instruments”可知此处指这些能发声的物品就是早期的乐器，“instruments”符合语境，故选D。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们称之为古典音乐的艺术音乐，比民间音乐和流行音乐这些民间大众的音乐更复杂。A. essential重要的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. complicated复杂的。根据后文“Art music is generally harder to write and perform”以及“Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create, perform, and understand”可知艺术音乐比民间、流行音乐更难，也就是更复杂，“complicated”符合语义，故选D。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们称之为古典音乐的艺术音乐，比民间音乐和流行音乐这些民间大众的音乐更复杂。A. folk民间的；B. rural乡村的；C. jazz爵士乐；D. grand盛大的。根据后文“Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create, perform, and understand”可知此处是将艺术音乐和民间、流行音乐对比，“folk”（folk music民间音乐）符合语境，故选A。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：演奏这种音乐的音乐家需要大量的专业训练。A. training训练；B. encouragement鼓励；C. reputation名声；D. expectation期待。根据前文“Art music is generally harder to write and perform”可知艺术音乐创作和演奏难度高，因此演奏者需要经过大量的专业训练，“training”符合语义，故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The most common structural method found in ancient wooden architecture in China is the mortise and tenon joint, or sǔn mǎo in Chinese, 36 (extensive) employed in buildings, furniture, and various other wooden components. This technique reflects 37 ancient craftsmen discovered through continuous refinement and trial and error. The findings from the Hemudu culture site in the 1970s, 38 (date) back about 7, 000 years and situated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, reveal the earliest examples of mortise and tenon usage. Of course, this structural technique is not unique 39 China. Evidence of similar mortise and tenon construction has also been found in Germany and Egypt. The application of the mortise and tenon structure is extremely extensive, including connections between surfaces, points, 40 the combinations of components. Through the complicated interlock of convex and concave (凸凹的) elements, it forms 41 inseparable and remarkably stable wooden structure. Beyond its solidity, the ancient Chinese also 42 (apply) mechanical principles in the mortise and tenon buildings, adapting their practices based on local conditions. 43 (couple) with the rigidity, load-bearing capacity, and energy-absorbing properties of wood, traditional Chinese wooden constructions exhibit a certain degree of earthquake 44 (resistant). The design and the integration of various carving techniques have continuously improved 45 (enhance) the artistic appeal of these joints. 【答案】 36．extensively 37．what 38．dating 39．to 40．and 41．an 42．applied 43．Coupled 44．resistance 45．to enhance 【导语】文章主要介绍中国古代木构建筑核心榫卯工艺的起源、应用范围、结构优势、力学原理与艺术价值，展现传统木作技艺的智慧。 【详解】36．考查副词。句意：中国古代木构建筑最常见的构造方式是榫卯结构，广泛应用于建筑、家具以及各类木制构件中。此处修饰动词employed，需用副词形式，extensive的副词为extensively“广泛地”。 37．考查宾语从句。句意：这项技艺体现出古代工匠经过不断改良与反复试错所探寻到的智慧成果。此处为宾语从句，作reflects的宾语，从句中discovered后缺少宾语，指代事物，应用连接代词what引导宾语从句。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪70年代发掘的河姆渡文化遗址，距今约七千年前，地处长江下游；该遗址出土的考古发现，印证了榫卯工艺最早的应用实例。此句已有谓语动词reveal，空处需填非谓语形式；主语the findings与date back“追溯”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词dating作后置定语。 39．考查介词。句意：当然，这种构造技艺并非中国独有。be unique to…是固定搭配，意为“为……特有”。 40．考查连词。句意：榫卯结构的应用范围极为广泛，涵盖面与面、点与点的拼接，还有构件之间的组合衔接。surfaces, points与the combinations of components为并列列举关系，用并列连词and连接。 41．考查冠词。句意：依靠凹凸构件精巧咬合，它构成一种密不可分、稳固性极强的木制结构。structure为可数名词单数，此处泛指一类结构，且inseparable以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。 42．考查动词时态。句意：除稳固性之外，中国古人还将力学原理运用在榫卯建筑中，因地制宜改良建造方式。主语the ancient Chinese指代古代匠人，此句描述的是过去发生的动作，时态用一般过去时，apply过去式为applied。 43．考查非谓语动词。句意：结合木材自身刚性、承重能力与吸能特性，中国传统木构建筑具备一定抗震能力。couple与其逻辑主语traditional Chinese wooden constructions是被动关系，be coupled with是固定搭配，意为“与……相结合”，此处作状语需省略be动词，用过去分词coupled，句首单词首字母大写。 44．考查名词。句意：结合木材自身刚性、承重能力与吸能特性，中国传统木构建筑具备一定抗震能力。此处earthquake为定语，空处应填名词形式resistance，表示“抗震性”作介词of的宾语。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：榫卯的造型设计搭配各类雕刻工艺融合优化，持续提升榫卯构件的艺术美感。此句已有谓语动词have improved，空处应填非谓语动词；此处为不定式作目的状语，表示工艺优化的目的是提升艺术吸引力，enhance“提升”用不定式形式。 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华。上周五，你校外教Alex给你所在班级上了一节心理健康主题课。请你给Alex写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你听课后的收获和感想； 2. 你对Alex未来主题课的期望或建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, I hope you are doing well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文 Dear Alex, I hope you are doing well. I am writing to thank you for your mental health lesson last Friday, which was so interesting and meaningful. It helped me understand the importance of taking care of our mental well-being. It was from your lesson that I learned it is normal to experience pressure in daily life. Thanks to your advice, such as sharing our feelings with friends and developing healthy habits, I now know how to deal with stress. I also enjoyed the relaxed atmosphere during the lesson, in which we felt encouraged and understood. For future classes like this one, I hope we can have more discussions so that everyone can share their practical ways to manage negative emotions. Thank you again for the wonderful time! I can’t wait for your next class. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外教Alex写信，表达听心理健康主题课后的收获、感想，以及对未来主题课的期望或建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有意义的：meaningful → significant 压力：pressure → stress 处理：deal with → cope with 放松的：relaxed → casual 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：Thanks to your advice, such as sharing our feelings with friends and developing healthy habits, I now know how to deal with stress. 替换句：It is your advice, such as sharing our feelings with friends and developing healthy habits that makes me know how to deal with stress now. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to thank you for your mental health lesson last Friday, which was so interesting and meaningful. (运用which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】It was from your lesson that I learned it is normal to experience pressure in daily life. (运用强调句型It was...that...) 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two winters ago, my old college roommate and dear friend Paul had been unusually low-spirited for a long time. He had been diagnosed with ALS and had to give up many hobbies he once loved, which left him feeling lost and powerless. Gradually, he became quiet and unwilling to talk much, even to me and our other roommate Evan. Though we often shared jokes and warm stories in our group text, Paul seldom responded actively. It was clear that he was trapped in negative emotions, struggling to find meaning in his daily life. Evan and I were worried and kept trying to cheer him up, but few of our words seemed to work. Then one day, everything changed. Paul started making pictures with AI. Without a brush or any professional skills, he only needed to type what he wanted to see into an AI tool. At first, he did it just to kill time, but soon he poured his heart into it. Even when he felt tired or easily discouraged, he kept creating. He would sit for hours, typing his thoughts slowly — “a sunset over the lake we used to visit,” “our dorm room with laughter floating out” — each picture carrying his hidden longing for happiness and memories. “It’s my way of picking myself up,” he told us with a faint smile. “This makes me feel I still can create something beautiful.” His works were far from perfect, but they shone with his courage to fight against his low spirits. We visited Paul this past December. Although he still had difficult days, his mood had improved greatly. We listened to music, chatted, and laughed together. Inspired by his AI art, we came up with a plan: we would make a 2025 calendar together and create a beautiful picture book filled with his works, to record his warmth and help him stay positive. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150词左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As soon as we left, we started working on the project without delay. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After weeks of preparation, the picture book was finally finished. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Para 1: As soon as we left, we started working on the project without delay. We sorted through every AI painting Paul had created, from the lake sunset to our old dorm room, and added small captions that recalled our college memories — like the night we stayed up talking or the afternoon we played by the lake. At first, Paul was still a little listless when we shared our progress, but as we asked for his opinions on page layouts and colors, he gradually perked up, even suggesting new ideas for the cover. Every video call ended with a faint smile on his face, and we knew our efforts were working. Para 2: After weeks of preparation, the picture book was finally finished. We brought the first copy to Paul, and Evan held it open for him while I pointed out each picture’s story. As we turned the pages, Paul’s eyes lit up more and more, and he even laughed softly when he saw the caption next to a silly painting of us three. “It’s perfect,” he said quietly, his voice full of warmth. That day, he talked more than he had in months, telling us about the thoughts behind each painting. The book wasn’t just a collection of art — it was a bridge that pulled Paul out of his low mood, binding our friendship tighter than ever. 【导语】本文以友情与救赎为线索展开，讲述好友保罗身患疾病、情绪低落，陷入人生迷茫，后来借助AI绘画寄托情感、自我疗愈。作者和另一位好友深受触动，计划整理他的画作制作画册与日历，用陪伴与行动帮他重拾乐观、温暖走出低谷的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者和好友立刻着手整理保罗的画作、添加文字，不断与保罗沟通细节，让他逐渐变得积极开朗。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写画册制作完成，二人送给保罗，保罗深受感动、敞开心扉，真挚的友谊帮他彻底走出低谷。 2.续写线索：着手筹备——整理画作——沟通修改——保罗改观——完成画册——惊喜相送——温暖治愈——友谊升华 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：ask for/ inquire about ②放光：light up/shine up 情绪类 ①低落：listless/low-spirited ②振奋：perk up/refresh up/cheer up 【点睛】[高分句型1] At first, Paul was still a little listless when we shared our progress, but as we asked for his opinions on page layouts and colors, he gradually perked up, even suggesting new ideas for the cover.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和as引导时间状语从句以及现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2] “It’s perfect,” he said quietly, his voice full of warmth.（运用了独立主格结构作状语） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to our 2026 International Summer Course, a program designed for global teenagers aged 15-18 to enhance academic skills and cross-cultural communication. Running from July 7 to August 1, the course adopts a flexible modular (模块化) structure, requiring participants to select a combination of one Main Course plus one Optional Activity. Main Courses (Choose ONE) Course Name Schedule Core Focus & Assessment English Communication Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am Speaking, listening, group debates and impromptu (即兴的) public speaking. Graded by class performance. Creative Writing Mon-Fri, 1:00-3:30 pm Narrative stories, argumentative essays and personal reflections. Final work submitted via email. Science Exploration Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am Campus-based simple experiments, community environmental projects and team research reports. Optional Activities (Choose ONE) Art: Tue & Thu, 4:00-5:30 pm (studio access provided for extra practice after class) Sports: Mon & Wed, 4:00-5:30 pm (including basketball, badminton and outdoor hiking) Music: Fri, 3:00-5:30 pm (covering vocal training and basic music production) Important Information Course Fee: $380 per person, covering the selected main course, one optional activity, textbooks and basic learning materials. Lunch is excluded; participants may bring packed meals or purchase food at the school cafe (cash and mobile payment accepted). Certificate Requirement: To obtain the official course certificate, participants must attend at least 85% of all scheduled sessions and complete the required coursework for their main course. Cancellation Policy: A 50% refund will be issued only if the cancellation is made in writing two weeks prior to the course start date (June 23). No refunds will be granted for cancellations made after this deadline or for absences due to personal reasons. 1．What do the three main courses have in common? A．They focus on writing skills. B．They include outdoor activities. C．They are assessed by final written work. D．They last two and a half hours each time. 2．What should a participant do to get the course certificate? A．Get high scores in class performance. B．Finish both main and optional coursework. C．Attend at least 85% of the scheduled sessions. D．Complete main course tasks and meet attendance rules. 3．What can we know about the program? A．It offers a full refund for early cancellation. B．It requires one main and two optional courses. C．It targets teenagers and lasts roughly four weeks. D．It includes extra practice for all optional activities. B When I inherited (继承) my grandmother’s old wooden desk last summer, I never expected it to change my relationship with writing. The desk, with its faded cherry finish and a small drawer stuck shut, had sat in her attic for over a decade. My parents suggested donating it, but something about the carved first letters of grandma’s name “E. M.” on the corner made me decide to bring it home. I spent an entire weekend trying to open the stuck drawer. Nothing worked until I remembered Grandma’s love for beeswax candles — she always lit them while writing letters to her sister. I rubbed a piece of beeswax along the drawer’s edges, and it slid open. Inside was a tattered notebook filled with her poetry, a fountain pen with dried ink, and a note that read: “For the one who will carry on the words.” Grandma was a quiet woman who rarely talked about her writing. I had no idea she composed poetry, let alone that she dreamed of having her work published. As I read her verses — about the beauty of rural sunsets, the pain of losing her husband young, and the joy of watching her grandchildren grow — I felt a connection to her I had never experienced before. Her words were simple but heartfelt, and they made me see the world through her eyes. Inspired by her notebook, I started writing again. I had abandoned my hobby of writing short stories years ago, overwhelmed by schoolwork and the fear that my words were not good enough. But sitting at Grandma’s desk, using her fountain pen, I found my voice again. I wrote about my childhood summers at her farm, about the way the desk smelled like cedar and memories, and about the courage it took for Grandma to write in secret. Last month, I submitted one of my stories to a local literary magazine. To my shock, it was accepted for publication. When I received the acceptance letter, I placed it on the desk next to Grandma’s notebook. In that moment, I knew she was smiling down on me. The desk was never just a piece of furniture — it was a bridge between two generations, a reminder that our words can live on long after we are gone. 4．Why did the author refuse to donate the desk? A．The author knew it could make a difference to writing. B．The author was touched by the initials “E. M.”. C．The author thought it was an expensive piece of furniture. D．The author discovered the secret in the drawer. 5．What does the underlined sentence in Para.2 imply? A．Grandma left the desk to whoever found the notebook. B．Grandma hoped to write letters to her sister. C．Grandma expected the author to continue writing. D．Grandma dreamed of publishing her poetry. 6．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．The author’s understanding of grandma’s life. B．The beauty of grandma’s words. C．Grandma’s writing style. D．Grandma’s early experiences. 7．What might be the best title for the text? A．Unpublished Poetry B．Journey Back to Writing C．Secret to a Long Life D．Gift in the Drawer C While it moves awkwardly and rigidly, Northwestern University’s robot represents a remarkable breakthrough in robotics. The AI-assisted robot, composed of independent modular units like Lego blocks, can handle unexpected damage and adjust its structure and movement strategies according to external changes, demonstrating a form of “motor intelligence” rarely seen in existing robots. Most contemporary robots are equipped with two or four legs, or rely on wheels for movement. Though expert in walking and jumping, they will break down instantly once a leg is lost. In contrast, the novel robot consists of basic modules, each integrating a circuit board, a battery and a motor, which function as the robot’s “nervous system”, “metabolism” and “muscles” respectively. Each module features only one moving joint, yet its simple mechanical design does not restrict its mobility. When connected together, these modules can form robots with three, four or five legs, enabling free shape transformation. The core power driving the robot originates from AI algorithms (算法) that simulate natural evolution. In a virtual environment, the AI rapidly tests billions of structural combinations, discarding unworkable designs and keeping excellent ones. Within seconds, it completes the evolutionary process that would take nature billions of years, generating highly efficient robot structures beyond human imagination. These modular robots achieved fantastic performance. They can move steadily across uneven and varied landscapes autonomously. Even when overturned or losing legs, they quickly adjust their strategies and continue moving. In tests, these robots have already exhibited movement patterns similar to leaping kangaroos and rolling seals. “This robot excels in complex environments and more notably, its ability to self-adjust to unexpected conditions can deepen human understanding of the laws of biological evolution, teaching us about why spiders have 8 legs, centipedes a hundred and snakes no legs at all, as well as how each has adapted to navigate their environments,” noted Sam Kriegman, lead author of the study. This novel technology advances the development of robotics. In the future, such modular parts can be mass-produced, allowing people to put together custom robots easily. 8．What is the most remarkable advantage of the novel robot? A．AI-generated system. B．Odd appearance. C．Rhythmic movement. D．Unique adaptability. 9．What is the AI’s key role in the robot design? A．Evaluating sample data. B．Creating virtual environments. C．Evolving ideal structures. D．Simplifying robot components. 10．Why are kangaroos and seals mentioned? A．To show motion likeness. B．To praise their skills. C．To prove evolutionary laws. D．To compare flexibility. 11．What does Sam mainly say concerning the robot? A．Its affordability. B．Its cross-field implications. C．Its test performance. D．Its large-scale market demand. D Daisy Fancourt’s absorbing book, Art Cure, profoundly explores “the science of how the arts transform our health”. Fancourt, a distinguished professor of psychobiology and epidemiology (流行病学) at University College London, convincingly demonstrates how engaging with various art forms can significantly improve mental health and even reduce postoperative pain in surgical settings. Fancourt supports her arguments with thorough evidence, drawing readers into the science through vivid personal stories and detailed case studies. For instance, Russell, after suffering a stroke, found himself sliding into depression until an eight-week art class course helped him recover. Beyond such inspiring accounts, Fancourt also dives into the complex biological processes. She explains how regular arts engagement, maintained over months and years, can lead to widespread longer-term physiological changes, such as reducing stress hormones and boosting immune function. She boldly states: “If a drug had the same range of benefits as the arts, we’d be telling everyone about it. ” Art Cure has gained widespread praise, nominated for the Women’s Prize for Non-Fiction. Its impact extends beyond literary circles. Neuropsychiatrist Emma Weisblatt praised its accurate yet accessible science, even noting she could confidently direct her students to it. Reader Alan Perrett, initially skeptical, was ultimately convinced by Fancourt’s arguments. He now claims that a life without some form of arts engagement is not just incomplete but “actually harmful,” which is a powerful testament (证据) to the book’s persuasive power. Fancourt defines “the arts” very broadly, extending beyond just music or theatre to include diverse activities like handicrafts, gardening, cooking, and even circus skills. She encourages readers to apply a “daily dose” of arts in their lives, integrating creativity into their routines. This could be as simple as humming a tune, sketching in a notebook, or appreciating a beautiful piece of architecture. Ultimately, Art Cure serves as a powerful reminder that embracing creativity can lead to a healthier, more fulfilling life. 12．What can be inferred about Fancourt’s research approach? A．It combines solid evidence with real cases. B．It focuses merely on personal stories and cases. C．It ignores the value of detailed case studies. D．It overstates the effects of art on physical health. 13．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The influence of art on health. B．The academic value of Art Cure. C．The wide recognition of the book. D．Comments on Fancourt’s research. 14．What are readers advised to do according to Fancourt? A．Learn traditional art skills. B．Take up creative activities daily. C．Develop unique performing talents. D．Balance arts engagement and work. 15．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To compare art with medicine. B．To show the significance of art. C．To introduce a research method. D．To recommend a book to readers. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tips for Reading Effectively Reading is a lifelong skill that everyone needs in study and daily life, but many people never learn to read efficiently. They often spend plenty of time on reading yet gain little useful information. 16 Here are several practical and easy methods to help you improve your reading skills. Preview before reading. Spending one or two minutes previewing the article before reading is a good habit. 17 Look at headings, subheadings, pictures, charts and the first sentence of each paragraph. This simple operation helps you get a general idea of the whole passage and know what the text is mainly about. Adjust your reading speed flexibly. There is no need to read every single word slowly. Slow down for difficult and key parts that need deep understanding; skim quickly for trivial details and main ideas. 18 Take notes while reading. It is helpful to write down key points, core information or your own questions during reading. 19 It can help you focus your attention and sort out the text logic clearly. Review regularly after reading. Go over what you’ve read within 24 hours to deepen your memory and understand the content better. 20 Only reading with clear purposes can bring you real progress. A．It’s a waste of time to read without a purpose. B．Many students read word by word, which is slow. C．Previewing takes only a few minutes but saves time later. D．Good readers know when to speed up or slow down. E．You can also underline important information and key sentences. F．Reading is one of the best ways to gain knowledge. G．Without effective strategies, reading can be slow and tiring. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Music is part of every culture on the Earth, which can be pleasant, sad, romantic, sleepy, healing — all kinds of things. But what is it? Some people call it an art that sounds 21 time. Our ears receive it as loud or 22 , high or low, rapid and short, or slow and fast. The sounds need to continue for a time in some sort of pattern to become 23 . Music, like 24 , is a human form of communication. As with language, there are many different kinds. In North America, people listen to jazz, rock, classical, folk, country, and many other kinds of music. Each kind of music has its own rules and " 25 " to us in its own way. No one knows for sure when music 26 . Perhaps while working, people sang to make it go faster. People who were 27 movements — picking crops or rowing boats, for example — could sing in time 28 for the work. Navajo Indians, for example, had corn-grinding songs. Over time, people 29 musical instruments. They might have started by clapping their hands and stamping their 30 . Sticks and objects that rattled (碰响) could have 31 the human body as early 32 . Both instruments and music became more complex (复杂) with time. Today, music in many cultures consists of art music and music of the people. Art music, which we call classical music, is more 33 than the music of the people — 34 music and popular music. Art music is generally harder to write and perform. Musicians who perform it need a lot of 35 . Popular and folk styles typically are easier to create, perform, and understand. 21．A．in B．over C．against D．across 22．A．small B．noisy C．soft D．distant 23．A．music B．tune C．symphony D．masterpiece 24．A．breath B．jazz C．chorus D．language 25．A．weeps B．turns C．speaks D．whispers 26．A．recorded B．began C．composed D．transformed 27．A．possessing B．accompanying C．combining D．repeating 28．A．gifted B．particular C．suitable D．dramatic 29．A．defended B．developed C．deserved D．guaranteed 30．A．feet B．faces C．volumes D．rhythms 31．A．overcome B．swept C．replaced D．steamed 32．A．images B．adaptation C．music D．instruments 33．A．essential B．impressive C．unusual D．complicated 34．A．folk B．rural C．jazz D．grand 35．A．training B．encouragement C．reputation D．expectation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The most common structural method found in ancient wooden architecture in China is the mortise and tenon joint, or sǔn mǎo in Chinese, 36 (extensive) employed in buildings, furniture, and various other wooden components. This technique reflects 37 ancient craftsmen discovered through continuous refinement and trial and error. The findings from the Hemudu culture site in the 1970s, 38 (date) back about 7, 000 years and situated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, reveal the earliest examples of mortise and tenon usage. Of course, this structural technique is not unique 39 China. Evidence of similar mortise and tenon construction has also been found in Germany and Egypt. The application of the mortise and tenon structure is extremely extensive, including connections between surfaces, points, 40 the combinations of components. Through the complicated interlock of convex and concave (凸凹的) elements, it forms 41 inseparable and remarkably stable wooden structure. Beyond its solidity, the ancient Chinese also 42 (apply) mechanical principles in the mortise and tenon buildings, adapting their practices based on local conditions. 43 (couple) with the rigidity, load-bearing capacity, and energy-absorbing properties of wood, traditional Chinese wooden constructions exhibit a certain degree of earthquake 44 (resistant). The design and the integration of various carving techniques have continuously improved 45 (enhance) the artistic appeal of these joints. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华。上周五，你校外教Alex给你所在班级上了一节心理健康主题课。请你给Alex写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 你听课后的收获和感想； 2. 你对Alex未来主题课的期望或建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, I hope you are doing well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two winters ago, my old college roommate and dear friend Paul had been unusually low-spirited for a long time. He had been diagnosed with ALS and had to give up many hobbies he once loved, which left him feeling lost and powerless. Gradually, he became quiet and unwilling to talk much, even to me and our other roommate Evan. Though we often shared jokes and warm stories in our group text, Paul seldom responded actively. It was clear that he was trapped in negative emotions, struggling to find meaning in his daily life. Evan and I were worried and kept trying to cheer him up, but few of our words seemed to work. Then one day, everything changed. Paul started making pictures with AI. Without a brush or any professional skills, he only needed to type what he wanted to see into an AI tool. At first, he did it just to kill time, but soon he poured his heart into it. Even when he felt tired or easily discouraged, he kept creating. He would sit for hours, typing his thoughts slowly — “a sunset over the lake we used to visit,” “our dorm room with laughter floating out” — each picture carrying his hidden longing for happiness and memories. “It’s my way of picking myself up,” he told us with a faint smile. “This makes me feel I still can create something beautiful.” His works were far from perfect, but they shone with his courage to fight against his low spirits. We visited Paul this past December. Although he still had difficult days, his mood had improved greatly. We listened to music, chatted, and laughed together. Inspired by his AI art, we came up with a plan: we would make a 2025 calendar together and create a beautiful picture book filled with his works, to record his warmth and help him stay positive. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150词左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: As soon as we left, we started working on the project without delay. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: After weeks of preparation, the picture book was finally finished. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $