精品解析：广东省广州市天河区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

2024学年第二学期天河区期末考试 高二英语 满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和考号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用 2B 铅笔把考号的对应数字涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分) A I never imagined that a Chinese figure would become my guiding star and the inspiration behind a global movement. In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities. Local people often called me “Yang Lei Feng”, which I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Curious, I checked him online and discovered a young soldier known for his dedication to helping others. The more I read, the more I saw how his values matched the principles I desired to follow. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired up my determination to contribute to positive change and ease the suffering of others. Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding. Through these efforts, we continue to keep Lei Feng’s spirit alive in a modern, global context. To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun, the city where he spent much of his life. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, and diary entries — offered a glimpse into his selflessness. Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. What began as a vision to promote his values internationally has since grown into a global movement, now spanning 15 countries. In a world often focused on individual success, Lei Feng’s philosophy of selflessness and community service felt more relevant than ever. His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all. 1. Why did the author start the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association? A. To provide special support for children. B. To strengthen cooperation among students. C. To inspire global community service. D. To promote China-Bangladesh exchange. 2. What is the correct order of the following events? a. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. b. I became a student of Jiangxi University in China. c. I set up Lei Feng International Volunteer Association. d. I found many people in my hometown in need of help. e. I launched the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. A. dbcae. B. dabce. C. bdcea. D. bcade. 3. Which statement does the author probably agree with? A. Be sure what you do is true to what you say. B. Always act according to what you know is right. C. Individual success is not so important today. D. Real greatness is being kind to the unimportant. B When I talk about punishments here, I do not mean what we’ve come to think of punishments: something an angry parent yells while red in the face, taking away their kid’s social life for a month. Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again. What I’m supporting is negative consequences. Some mommy blogs have been telling parents to drop consequences completely. The reason for this suggestion is that giving kids consequences breaks the parent-child connection. But decades of research on behavioral parenting say it’s completely wrong. Here’s what the research shows about negative consequences: When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well. This is because a few important things happen in this situation: Parents model emotional control. They don’t lose it. They know what to do, so they can stay in control. They don’t try something that isn’t working many times and then get upset when it doesn’t work. They stay calm and in control. Kids respond to what they see. When parents are in control, kids are often able to get into control more quickly themselves. Parents teach kids the rules. Kids tend to do well when they know the rules. Most kids want to follow the rules (at least most of the time). It’s kids’ job to test the rules. That is part of developing independence, which happens throughout healthy development. If parents respond to these tests by letting kids know the limits, kids feel safe and secure. They feel secure because they can expect what will happen in response to their behavior. Feeling secure and safe makes kids feel connected to their parents. There you go, you can have consequences and connection together. 4. What does the author advise parents to do when kids misbehave? A. Leave them alone. B. Stop them angrily. C. Tell them the bad result. D. Cut off their network. 5. What may happen when parents give kids negative consequences? A. Kids will break the rules. B. Kids will lose emotional control. C. Kids will test their parents’ patience. D. Kids will reduce their misbehavior. 6 What will be discussed next about giving a consequence? A. Its importance. B. Its purpose. C. Its methods. D. Its disadvantages. C Anxious about returning to work after a career break? You post about your troubles online and two strangers reply. Stranger 1: “I understand your anxiety; your courage matters.” Stranger 2: “I’ve struggled with the same problem. Just jump in!” Studies show most find Stranger 1 more empathetic — but it’s often a chatbot. Surprised? Research reveals chatbots frequently outperform humans in empathy (同理心). A 2023 study found 80% of patients preferred chatbots’ response to doctors’ advice. Similarly, a 2024 experiment showed even when humans were paid to create thoughtful replies, they still fell short of ChatGPT’s sympathy. The secret to the chatbots’ success lies in mistakes humans make. When humans see someone in pain, we often share personal stories (“I’ve struggled too”) or rush to give advice (“Do this!”). While well-meaning, rushing to share opinions can minimize someone’s pain, and shifting the focus to ourselves weakens hope to be heard. Chatbots, however, avoid these errors. Without personal experiences or urgency to solve problems, they focus entirely on the speaker. In a 2024 study, Microsoft’s Bing Chat scored higher than humans by using a three-step method: explaining people’s struggles, acknowledging and justifying how they might feel, and asking follow-up questions. Humans can also adopt similar strategies like “looping for understanding”—repeating others’ words in their own terms and checking correctness (“Do I have that right?”). Chatbots are natural loopers, and when humans learn it, they better understand others’ emotions and make them feel heard. These skills extend beyond strengthening family and friend bonds: dozens of studies show managers and employers using such methods tend to have more loyal, effective, and productive employees. Despite AI’s impressive listening skills, it has limits. Chatbots repeat formulaic (公式化的) responses (“I hear you”) that feel robotic over time. They can’t feel or truly care for us, and studies show most human beings still want to engage with other humans. Some of the bugs of human connection are also, in fact, features. Chatbots can’t roll their eyes or leave our texts unanswered. But the fact that we often must earn human empathy, and that it comes from limited beings who sacrifice (牺牲) to be there for us, is part of its beauty. 7. What is the author’s purpose in quoting the two strangers’ replies? A. To compare two ways of giving advice. B. To introduce a psychological phenomenon. C. To suggest how to overcome anxiety. D. To criticize human’s communication. 8. What does the underlined phrase “fell short of” mean in paragraph 2? A. Differed from. B. Failed to match. C. Did better than. D. Were in need of. 9. What can humans learn from chatbots’ empathy strategies? A. To provide direct solutions. B. To stress shared stories. C. To correct speakers’ mistakes. D. To avoid self-centered responses. 10 What does the author want to say in the last paragraph? A. AI is an impressive listener. B. Human empathy is valuable. C. AI responds to human’s pain calmly. D. There are problems with human interaction. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 15 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fire has been a crucial tool for humans for over a million years. It allowed our ancestors to cook food, stay warm, and see in the dark. Despite its importance, there is a puzzling gap in evidence regarding its use during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). ____11____ which was marked by extremely cold temperatures, making fire essential for survival. Recent studies have begun to shed light on this mystery. ____12____ These fireplaces, constructed with remarkable skill, provide valuable insights into the use of fire during this period. They were designed to burn wood, primarily spruce, at temperatures above 600°C. Such high temperatures suggest a complicated understanding of fire-making techniques. ____13____which suggests that fire was used less frequently during the LGM. This raises questions about why these fireplaces were so rare. Several theories have been proposed to explain this shortage. One possibility is that the extreme cold prevented the growth of trees, limiting the availability of wood for fuel. Another theory suggests that harsh environmental conditions may have destroyed evidence of past fires. ____14____ Alternatively, it’s possible that people used fire less frequently during the LGM, relying on other methods for warmth and cooking. ____15____ Fire was not just a simple tool but a key element that shaped the way our ancestors lived and survived in harsh conditions. Further research and discoveries of ancient fireplaces will continue to brighten this aspect of our pre-historic past. A. It is the coldest part of the last Ice Age, B. Both theories are widely accepted by scientists. C. Fire-making skills were common in various places. D. However there is little evidence of widespread fire use, E. Researchers discovered three ancient fireplaces dating back to the LGM. F. Studying fire is crucial for understanding our adaptation to extreme climates. G. Specifically, cold climate may have led to the lack of archaeological findings. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, my 9-year-old son, Leopold, and I planned a mom-son ski trip to Colorado. He only ate chicken and yogurt, and was ____16____ to try new things. And I borrowed an idea from the film Yes Day: We would say yes to everything, especially ____17____ foods and activities. We started saying yes at a breakfast buffet (自助餐) at the airport. I ____18____ a vegan meatball, while Leopold sampled “funny looking” potato pies. To our surprise, we somehow both ____19____ our new foods. The next morning, Leopold faced his fear of heights during snow boarding lessons. While he was training, I skied by myself and played it safe. However, inspired by his efforts to ____20____ his fear, I later ____21____ myself to ski a more difficult run. Though ____22____, I completed it with slow, careful turns, feeling quite proud of myself. That afternoon, Leopold ____23____ if we could try the outdoor hot tub (浴池). Mind you, it was 20 degrees below zero, and nothing was more ____24____ than being cold and wet. Unwilling, I thought of our _____25_____ and joined him. It was really cold, _____26_____ the contrast between cold air and warm water created a(n) _____27_____ moment for us. We had so much fun that we decided to _____28_____ the rest of the family during our spring trip. Saying yes _____29_____ Leopold and my daughter Nola to taste some new foods. I swam in the icy ocean after Nola’s _____30_____. On our big family vacation, we _____31_____ the practice of saying yes. We took a 25-km bike ride, and went line-dancing at a bar, returning _____32_____ but excited. And there lies the _____33_____ of saying yes on vacation: It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone. Developing a sense of _____34_____ helps us live life to the fullest — _____35_____ you sometimes wind up cold and wet. 16. A. curious B. hesitant C. confused D. free 17. A. unique B. traditional C. unfamiliar D. attractive 18. A. tried B. prepared C. ordered D. shared 19. A. tasted B. rated C. compared D. liked 20. A. overcome B. admit C. ignore D. avoid 21. A. forced B. reminded C. permitted D. challenged 22. A. upset B. nervous C. frustrated D. disappointed 23. A. asked B. checked C. decided D. doubted 24. A. annoying B. exciting C. boring D. relaxing 25. A. belief B. argument C. schedule D. agreement 26. A. and B. because C. so D. but 27. A. brief B. unforgettable C. touching D. historical 28. A. involve B. support C. connect D. change 29. A. taught B. urged C. persuaded D. allowed 30. A. refusal B. ambition C. complaint D. suggestion 31. A. tested B. chose C. continued D. proved 32. A. frightened B. sweaty C. stressed D. embarrassed 33. A. hope B. rule C. value D. possibility 34. A. adventure B. well-being C. security D. duty 35. A. as if B. even so C. even if D. if only 第 II 卷 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Hua, a name familiar to many Chinese students, frequently appears in writing tasks of English exams. Over decades, the topics of these writing tasks ____36____ (change) dramatically, reflecting great progress in English education. One major change is the popularization and advance of English learning. Tian Lijun, born in the 1970s, started to learn English in middle school. “My first English teacher taught in Chinese mainly with blackboard.” she recalled. In the following years, English education began at ____37____ (early) stages and became more engaging. For Gen Zers like Wang Mengqi, 27, ____38____ (expose) to English came even before elementary school. “My colleagues and I encourage students to switch to ____39____ English-only mode during class.” said Wang, now a high school English teacher in Beijing. Students at her school can frequently use multimedia tools to practice English and even AI devices ____40____ (improve) their English. Another change in English learning is the writing topics, ____41____ have shifted from helping Li Hua ask about foreign customs to introducing Chinese culture. Wang believes this is closely tied to China’s ____42____ (grow) cultural confidence. As an ____43____ (experience) English teacher, Zhang Zhibin says, “English isn’t just a subject; it’s a key ____44____ the world.” English education bridges China and the world — equipping youth not just with language skills, ____45____ the ability to share China’s story and connect with the world. 第三部分 基础知识(共三节，满分30分) 第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次;每空填入一个单词。 disturb applaud urge guidance hatch privilege dedicate innocent participate harmonious Located in the misty mountains in Guizhou province, Hongshan Village welcomes travelers with its classic beauty. My journey here felt like stepping into a living postcard, tradition and nature coexisting in a(n) ____46____ way. The village offers wonderful landscapes where the natural world truly takes center stage. Butterflies were dancing among wildflowers while birds were ____47____ eggs in their nests. Clear streams flowed gently without ____48____ the quiet peace. Children ran through fields with ____49____ laughter, adding joy to the beautiful scenery. Farmers worked in rice fields, their labor mixing with the land’s rhythm. While visiting a local workshop, I learned rice wine-making under the villagers’ patient ____50____. They were ____51____ to preserving traditions and warmly welcomed visitors as ____52____ in their festivals. At a harvest celebration, we joined in an amazingly joyful folk dance and everyone ____53____ loudly when it came to an end. Leaving the village, I felt a strong ____54____ to protect such unique villages. It was a _____55_____ to witness how rural life and nature grow together — a lesson I’ll never forget. 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。 take over in hand relay to on behalf of attend to be made up of in response to 56. After years of hard work, she ________ the family business and expanded it into a global brand. (用适当的词填空) 57. I have several important projects ________ right now, so I need to manage my time wisely to meet all the deadlines. (用适当的词填空) 58. China encourages couples to have a third child ________ an aging population. (用适当的词填空) 59. The spaceship team established last year ________ astronauts, scientists and engineers. (用适当的词填空) 60. ________ the research team, he presented their findings on renewable energy at the international conference.(用适当的词填空) 第三节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。 61. 为了打动观众，女孩饱含激情地朗诵，好像她是诗中的主人公。 ________ the audience the girl read the poem with great passion as if ________ in the poem. 62. 在海洋探索中，无论科学家们遇到什么挑战，他们都选择坚持而不放弃。 ________ scientists meet while exploring the sea, they choose ________. 63. 河边矗立着一座古塔，它见证了小镇的变迁。 On the bank of the river ________, ________ the changes of the town. 64. 最真挚的情感正是通过最简单的语言来表达的。 It is ________ that the deepest emotions ________. 65. 运动是如此有益，几十年来医生们一直把它推荐为最好的天然药物。 Exercise is________ doctors________ it as the best natural medicine for decades. 第四部分 书面表达(满分30分) 66. 假设你是李华，你英国笔友Henry写信询问你是否参与过志愿者活动，请给他回信，分享你最近的一次活动，并谈谈感受。 注意：1. 词数 150 词左右，开头和结尾已给，不计入词数； 2. 不要透露真实人名和校名。 Dear Henry, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024学年第二学期天河区期末考试 高二英语 满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号和考号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用 2B 铅笔把考号的对应数字涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分45分) 第一节(共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分) A I never imagined that a Chinese figure would become my guiding star and the inspiration behind a global movement. In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities. Local people often called me “Yang Lei Feng”, which I later learned means “foreign Lei Feng”. Curious, I checked him online and discovered a young soldier known for his dedication to helping others. The more I read, the more I saw how his values matched the principles I desired to follow. Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand. These experiences fired up my determination to contribute to positive change and ease the suffering of others. Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding. Through these efforts, we continue to keep Lei Feng’s spirit alive in a modern, global context. To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun, the city where he spent much of his life. The exhibits — his photographs, personal belongings, and diary entries — offered a glimpse into his selflessness. Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. What began as a vision to promote his values internationally has since grown into a global movement, now spanning 15 countries. In a world often focused on individual success, Lei Feng’s philosophy of selflessness and community service felt more relevant than ever. His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all. 1. Why did the author start the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association? A. To provide special support for children. B. To strengthen cooperation among students. C. To inspire global community service. D. To promote China-Bangladesh exchange. 2. What is the correct order of the following events? a. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall. b. I became a student of Jiangxi University in China. c. I set up Lei Feng International Volunteer Association. d. I found many people in my hometown in need of help. e. I launched the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative. A. dbcae. B. dabce. C. bdcea. D. bcade. 3. Which statement does the author probably agree with? A. Be sure what you do is true to what you say. B. Always act according to what you know is right. C. Individual success is not so important today. D. Real greatness is being kind to the unimportant. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者是来自孟加拉国的留学生，受雷锋精神启发，成立“雷锋国际志愿者协会”并发起全球倡议的经历。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021 — Lei Feng Day — alongside young people from different countries at JUFE. Our mission is to support children with special needs, assist the elderly, promote environmental awareness, and enhance cross-cultural understanding.(深受启发，2021年3月5日——雷锋日，我与江西财经大学来自不同国家的年轻人一起成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会。我们的使命是帮助有特殊需要的儿童、帮助老年人、提高环境意识以及增进跨文化理解。)”可知，作者成立该协会是为了推动全球社区服务。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Growing up in Bangladesh, I was fully aware of the challenges facing my community and my country — poverty, inequality, and limited access to education and healthcare were unpleasant realities that I witnessed firsthand.(我在孟加拉国长大，亲眼目睹了我的社区和国家面临的挑战——贫困、不平等以及教育和医疗资源有限等令人不快的现实。)”可知，d（我发现家乡很多人需要帮助）是最早发生的；根据第二段中的“In 2018, I first came to China to study at Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics (JUFE) and actively participated in the university’s public welfare activities.(2018年，我第一次来到中国，在江西财经大学学习，并积极参加学校的公益活动。)”可知，b（我成为中国江西财经大学的学生）发生在2018年；根据第四段中的“Greatly inspired, I established the Lei Feng International Volunteer Association on March 5, 2021(深受启发，2021年3月5日，我成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会)”可知，c（我成立了雷锋国际志愿者协会）发生在2021年；根据第五段中的“To know more about this young man, I traveled in 2023 to Liaoning province. I visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall in Fushun(为了更多地了解这个年轻人，我在2023年前往辽宁省。我参观了抚顺的雷锋纪念馆)”可知，a（我参观了雷锋纪念馆）发生在2023年；根据第六段中的“Returning from the trip, on Lei Feng Day in 2023, I took a bold step to spread his legacy beyond China by launching the global “Learn from Lei Feng” initiative.(旅行回来后，在2023年的雷锋日，我迈出了大胆的一步，发起了全球“向雷锋学习”倡议，将他的精神传承传播到中国以外的地方。)”可知，e（我发起了全球“向雷锋学习”倡议）发生在2023年参观纪念馆之后，所以事件顺序为dbcae。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“His life was not about grand gestures but rather a series of small acts of kindness that, when multiplied, can create a better world for all.(他的人生不在于宏大的举动，而在于一系列微小的善举，这些善举累积起来，就能为所有人创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，作者可能认同“真正的伟大在于对平凡的人施以善意”这一观点。故选D项。 B When I talk about punishments here, I do not mean what we’ve come to think of punishments: something an angry parent yells while red in the face, taking away their kid’s social life for a month. Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again. What I’m supporting is negative consequences. Some mommy blogs have been telling parents to drop consequences completely. The reason for this suggestion is that giving kids consequences breaks the parent-child connection. But decades of research on behavioral parenting say it’s completely wrong. Here’s what the research shows about negative consequences: When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well. This is because a few important things happen in this situation: Parents model emotional control. They don’t lose it. They know what to do, so they can stay in control. They don’t try something that isn’t working many times and then get upset when it doesn’t work. They stay calm and in control. Kids respond to what they see. When parents are in control, kids are often able to get into control more quickly themselves. Parents teach kids the rules. Kids tend to do well when they know the rules. Most kids want to follow the rules (at least most of the time). It’s kids’ job to test the rules. That is part of developing independence, which happens throughout healthy development. If parents respond to these tests by letting kids know the limits, kids feel safe and secure. They feel secure because they can expect what will happen in response to their behavior. Feeling secure and safe makes kids feel connected to their parents. There you go, you can have consequences and connection together. 4. What does the author advise parents to do when kids misbehave? A. Leave them alone. B. Stop them angrily. C. Tell them the bad result. D. Cut off their network. 5. What may happen when parents give kids negative consequences? A. Kids will break the rules. B. Kids will lose emotional control. C. Kids will test their parents’ patience. D. Kids will reduce their misbehavior. 6. What will be discussed next about giving a consequence? A. Its importance. B. Its purpose. C. Its methods. D. Its disadvantages. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍家长在孩子行为不当时应给予负面后果，以及这样做的好处，反驳了完全放弃后果的观点。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When kids misbehave and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well.(当孩子行为不端，不听从停止命令或关于后果的警告时，父母给予简短、清晰的负面后果，孩子往往反应良好)”可推知作者建议父母在孩子行为不端时告知其不良结果（即负面后果），而非愤怒制止或放任不管。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Actually, a punishment is a negative consequence that reduces the chance an undesirable behavior (行为) will happen again.(实际上，惩罚是一种负面后果，它会降低不良行为再次发生的可能性)”可知，当父母给孩子负面后果时，孩子的不良行为会减少。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“When kids misbehave (不守规矩) and don’t respond to an order to stop or a warning about a consequence, and parents give a brief, clear and negative consequence, kids tend to respond well.(当孩子行为不端，对停止的命令或关于后果的警告没有反应时，父母给出简短、明确的负面后果，孩子往往会反应良好)”可知，文章提到了给孩子负面后果的好处以及应具备简短、明确的特点，但未具体说明实施的方法，因此接下来可能会讨论给予负面后果的方法。故选C项。 C Anxious about returning to work after a career break? You post about your troubles online and two strangers reply. Stranger 1: “I understand your anxiety; your courage matters.” Stranger 2: “I’ve struggled with the same problem. Just jump in!” Studies show most find Stranger 1 more empathetic — but it’s often a chatbot. Surprised? Research reveals chatbots frequently outperform humans in empathy (同理心). A 2023 study found 80% of patients preferred chatbots’ response to doctors’ advice. Similarly, a 2024 experiment showed even when humans were paid to create thoughtful replies, they still fell short of ChatGPT’s sympathy. The secret to the chatbots’ success lies in mistakes humans make. When humans see someone in pain we often share personal stories (“I’ve struggled too”) or rush to give advice (“Do this!”). While well-meaning, rushing to share opinions can minimize someone’s pain, and shifting the focus to ourselves weakens hope to be heard. Chatbots, however, avoid these errors. Without personal experiences or urgency to solve problems, they focus entirely on the speaker. In a 2024 study, Microsoft’s Bing Chat scored higher than humans by using a three-step method: explaining people’s struggles, acknowledging and justifying how they might feel, and asking follow-up questions. Humans can also adopt similar strategies like “looping for understanding”—repeating others’ words in their own terms and checking correctness (“Do I have that right?”). Chatbots are natural loopers, and when humans learn it, they better understand others’ emotions and make them feel heard. These skills extend beyond strengthening family and friend bonds: dozens of studies show managers and employers using such methods tend to have more loyal, effective, and productive employees. Despite AI’s impressive listening skills, it has limits. Chatbots repeat formulaic (公式化的) responses (“I hear you”) that feel robotic over time. They can’t feel or truly care for us, and studies show most human beings still want to engage with other humans. Some of the bugs of human connection are also, in fact, features. Chatbots can’t roll their eyes or leave our texts unanswered. But the fact that we often must earn human empathy, and that it comes from limited beings who sacrifice (牺牲) to be there for us, is part of its beauty. 7. What is the author’s purpose in quoting the two strangers’ replies? A. To compare two ways of giving advice. B. To introduce a psychological phenomenon. C. To suggest how to overcome anxiety. D. To criticize human’s communication. 8. What does the underlined phrase “fell short of” mean in paragraph 2? A. Differed from. B. Failed to match. C. Did better than. D. Were in need of. 9. What can humans learn from chatbots’ empathy strategies? A. To provide direct solutions. B. To stress shared stories. C. To correct speakers’ mistakes. D. To avoid self-centered responses. 10. What does the author want to say in the last paragraph? A. AI is an impressive listener. B. Human empathy is valuable. C. AI responds to human’s pain calmly. D. There are problems with human interaction. 【答案】7. B 8. B 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了聊天机器人在同理心方面表现，分析了人类在交流中常犯的错误、聊天机器人的成功策略、AI的局限性以及人类同理心的独特价值。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Studies show most find Stranger 1 more empathetic — but it’s often a chatbot. Surprised?(研究表明，大多数人认为陌生人1更有同理心——但它通常是一个聊天机器人。惊讶吗？)”可知，作者引用两个陌生人的回复是为了引出聊天机器人更具同理心这一心理现象。故选B项。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Research reveals chatbots frequently outperform humans in empathy (同理心). A 2023 study found 80% of patients preferred chatbots’ response to doctors’ advice. Similarly, a 2024 experiment showed even when humans were paid to create thoughtful replies, they still fell short of ChatGPT’s sympathy.(研究表明，聊天机器人在同理心方面经常胜过人类。2023年的一项研究发现，80%的患者更喜欢聊天机器人的回应，而不是医生的建议。同样，2024年的一项实验表明，即使有人付费让人类给出深思熟虑的回复，他们仍然fell short of ChatGPT的同情心水平。)”可知，前文提到聊天机器人在同理心方面优于人类，此处指即使付费，人类的回复同样还是不如ChatGPT，达不到ChatGPT的同情心水平，所以“fell short of”意为“未能达到、比不上”。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When humans see someone in pain, we often share personal stories (“I’ve struggled too”) or rush to give advice (“Do this!”). While well-meaning, rushing to share opinions can minimize someone’s pain, and shifting the focus to ourselves weakens hope to be heard. Chatbots, however, avoid these errors. Without personal experiences or urgency to solve problems, they focus entirely on the speaker.(当人类看到有人处于痛苦中时，我们经常会分享个人经历（“我也经历过挣扎”）或急于给出建议（“这么做！”）。虽然是出于好意，但急于发表看法可能会轻视对方的痛苦，而将焦点转移到自己身上则会削弱对方被倾听的期望。然而，聊天机器人避免了这些错误。没有个人经历或解决问题的紧迫感，它们完全专注于说话者。)”可知，人类可以从聊天机器人身上学到避免以自我为中心的回应。故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Despite AI’s impressive listening skills, it has limits. Chatbots repeat formulaic (公式化的) responses (“I hear you”) that feel robotic over time. They can’t feel or truly care for us, and studies show most human beings still want to engage with other humans. Some of the bugs of human connection are also, in fact, features. Chatbots can’t roll their eyes or leave our texts unanswered. But the fact that we often must earn human empathy, and that it comes from limited beings who sacrifice (牺牲) to be there for us, is part of its beauty. (尽管人工智能的倾听能力令人印象深刻，但它也存在局限性。聊天机器人会重复那些公式化的回应（比如“我懂你的意思”），时间一长就会显得机械生硬。它们无法产生情感，也不会真正关心我们，而且研究表明，大多数人仍然希望与其他人类进行交流。事实上，人类交往中的一些“小瑕疵”，其实也是其特色所在。聊天机器人不会翻白眼，也不会对我们的信息置之不理。但我们往往需要努力才能获得人类的同理心，而这种同理心来自那些会为我们做出牺牲、能力有限的人——这正是人类同理心的美妙之处。)”可知，作者在最后一段想表达人类的同理心是有价值的。故选B项。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 15 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fire has been a crucial tool for humans for over a million years. It allowed our ancestors to cook food, stay warm, and see in the dark. Despite its importance, there is a puzzling gap in evidence regarding its use during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). ____11____ which was marked by extremely cold temperatures, making fire essential for survival. Recent studies have begun to shed light on this mystery. ____12____ These fireplaces, constructed with remarkable skill, provide valuable insights into the use of fire during this period. They were designed to burn wood, primarily spruce, at temperatures above 600°C. Such high temperatures suggest a complicated understanding of fire-making techniques. ____13____which suggests that fire was used less frequently during the LGM. This raises questions about why these fireplaces were so rare. Several theories have been proposed to explain this shortage. One possibility is that the extreme cold prevented the growth of trees, limiting the availability of wood for fuel. Another theory suggests that harsh environmental conditions may have destroyed evidence of past fires. ____14____ Alternatively, it’s possible that people used fire less frequently during the LGM, relying on other methods for warmth and cooking. ____15____ Fire was not just a simple tool but a key element that shaped the way our ancestors lived and survived in harsh conditions. Further research and discoveries of ancient fireplaces will continue to brighten this aspect of our pre-historic past. A. It is the coldest part of the last Ice Age, B. Both theories are widely accepted by scientists. C. Fire-making skills were common in various places. D. However, there is little evidence of widespread fire use, E. Researchers discovered three ancient fireplaces dating back to the LGM. F. Studying fire is crucial for understanding our adaptation to extreme climates. G. Specifically, cold climate may have led to the lack of archaeological findings. 【答案】11 A 12. E 13. D 14. G 15. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了末次冰盛期（LGM）人类用火证据缺失的谜团，分析了可能的自然限制或技术原因，并强调火对远古人类生存的关键作用。 【11题详解】 上文“Despite its importance, there is a puzzling gap in evidence regarding its use during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).(尽管其重要性不言而喻，但在末次冰盛期（LGM）期间其使用情况的相关证据却存在一个令人费解的空白。)”提到了末次冰盛期（LGM），A选项“这是最后一次冰河时代中最寒冷的时期。”是对LGM的补充说明，且与下文的定语从句“which was marked by extremely cold temperatures, making fire essential for survival.(那里气温极其低，因此生火对于生存来说至关重要。)”构成主从复合句。故选A项。 【12题详解】 下文“These fireplaces, constructed with remarkable skill, provide valuable insights into the use of fire during this period.(这些精心建造的壁炉充分展现了高超的技艺，为我们提供了关于这一时期人们使用火的宝贵信息。)”提到了一些精心建造的壁炉，选项E中fireplaces是关键词，直接提供下文所指对象，所以E选项“研究人员发现了三处可追溯至末次冰盛期的古老火炉。”符合语境。故选E项。 【13题详解】 上文“Such high temperatures suggest a complicated understanding of fire - making techniques.(如此高的温度表明古人对于制火技术有着复杂的理解。)”提到了制火技术的先进，下文“which suggests that fire was used less frequently during the LGM.(这表明在末次盛冰期期间，人类使用火的频率要低得多。)”提到了火的使用频率低，说明此处上下文之间是转折关系，选项D中However是关键词，与上文构成转折关系，所以D选项“然而，几乎没有证据表明火的使用范围很广泛”符合语境，且与下文which引导的定语从句构成主从复合句。故选D项。 【14题详解】 上文“Several theories have been proposed to explain this shortage. One possibility is that the extreme cold prevented the growth of trees, limiting the availability of wood for fuel. Another theory suggests that harsh environmental conditions may have destroyed evidence of past fires.(有几种理论被提出以解释这种匮乏现象。一种可能性是极度寒冷的气候阻碍了树木的生长，从而减少了可用作燃料的木材数量。另一种理论认为，恶劣的环境条件可能已经破坏了过去火灾留下的痕迹。)”提出了“极端寒冷限制树木生长“和“环境破坏证据”两个理论。G选项“具体来说，寒冷的气候可能导致缺乏考古发现。”承接上文，是对第二个理论的细化。故选G项。 【15题详解】 下文“Fire was not just a simple tool but a key element that shaped the way our ancestors lived and survived in harsh conditions.(火不仅仅是一种简单的工具，它还是一个关键因素，影响着我们祖先在恶劣环境中的生活与生存方式。)”强调了火对生存的关键作用。F选项“研究火对于理解我们如何适应极端气候至关重要。”能概括本段内容，适合在段首用作本段主题句。故选F项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last year, my 9-year-old son, Leopold, and I planned a mom-son ski trip to Colorado. He only ate chicken and yogurt, and was ____16____ to try new things. And I borrowed an idea from the film Yes Day: We would say yes to everything, especially ____17____ foods and activities. We started saying yes at a breakfast buffet (自助餐) at the airport. I ____18____ a vegan meatball, while Leopold sampled “funny looking” potato pies. To our surprise, we somehow both ____19____ our new foods. The next morning, Leopold faced his fear of heights during snow boarding lessons. While he was training, I skied by myself and played it safe. However, inspired by his efforts to ____20____ his fear, I later ____21____ myself to ski a more difficult run. Though ____22____, I completed it with slow, careful turns, feeling quite proud of myself. That afternoon, Leopold ____23____ if we could try the outdoor hot tub (浴池). Mind you, it was 20 degrees below zero, and nothing was more ____24____ than being cold and wet. Unwilling, I thought of our _____25_____ and joined him. It was really cold, _____26_____ the contrast between cold air and warm water created a(n) _____27_____ moment for us. We had so much fun that we decided to _____28_____ the rest of the family during our spring trip. Saying yes _____29_____ Leopold and my daughter Nola to taste some new foods. I swam in the icy ocean after Nola’s _____30_____. On our big family vacation, we _____31_____ the practice of saying yes. We took a 25-km bike ride, and went line-dancing at a bar, returning _____32_____ but excited. And there lies the _____33_____ of saying yes on vacation: It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone. Developing a sense of _____34_____ helps us live life to the fullest — _____35_____ you sometimes wind up cold and wet. 16. A. curious B. hesitant C. confused D. free 17. A. unique B. traditional C. unfamiliar D. attractive 18. A. tried B. prepared C. ordered D. shared 19. A. tasted B. rated C. compared D. liked 20. A. overcome B. admit C. ignore D. avoid 21. A. forced B. reminded C. permitted D. challenged 22. A. upset B. nervous C. frustrated D. disappointed 23. A. asked B. checked C. decided D. doubted 24. A. annoying B. exciting C. boring D. relaxing 25. A. belief B. argument C. schedule D. agreement 26. A. and B. because C. so D. but 27. A. brief B. unforgettable C. touching D. historical 28. A. involve B. support C. connect D. change 29. A. taught B. urged C. persuaded D. allowed 30. A. refusal B. ambition C. complaint D. suggestion 31. A. tested B. chose C. continued D. proved 32 A. frightened B. sweaty C. stressed D. embarrassed 33. A. hope B. rule C. value D. possibility 34. A. adventure B. well-being C. security D. duty 35. A. as if B. even so C. even if D. if only 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和儿子在旅行中通过尝试新事物获得快乐和成长的故事。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只吃鸡肉和酸奶，对尝试新事物犹豫不决。A. curious好奇的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. confused困惑的；D. free自由的。根据上文“He only ate chicken and yogurt”可知，他只吃鸡肉和酸奶，说明他对尝试新事物犹豫不决。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从电影《Yes Day》中借鉴了一个点子：我们会对一切说 “是”，尤其是不熟悉的食物和活动。A. unique独特的；B. traditional传统的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据上文“He only ate chicken and yogurt, and was____ to try new things.”、“We would say yes to everything”和下文“foods and activities”可知，儿子不愿尝试新事物，此处说“对一切说‘是’”，应重点针对不熟悉的事物。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了一个素食肉丸，而Leopold品尝了“看起来很有趣”的土豆派。A. tried尝试；B. prepared准备；C. ordered命令；D. shared分享。根据下文“while Leopold sampled “funny looking” potato pies”可知，此处是母子俩都在尝试新食物。故选A。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，我们不知怎么地都喜欢上了这些新食物。A. tasted品尝；B. rated评价；C. compared比较；D. liked喜欢。根据上文“To our surprise”可知，原本可能担心不喜欢新食物，但实际是喜欢上了，才有惊喜感。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，受到他努力克服恐惧的鼓舞，我后来挑战自己去滑一条更难的路线。A. overcome克服；B. admit承认；C. ignore忽视；D. avoid避免。根据上文“Leopold faced his fear of heights during snow boarding lessons”可知，Leopold在滑雪板课上克服了恐高，因此此处指他努力克服恐惧。故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. forced强迫；B. reminded提醒；C. permitted允许；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“ski a more difficult run”可知，滑更难的雪道是对自己的一种挑战。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然很紧张，但我还是慢慢地、小心地转弯完成了，我为自己感到非常自豪。A. upset沮丧的；B. nervous紧张的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“ski a more difficult run”和下文“I completed it with slow, careful turns”可知，面对更难的雪道，内心应是紧张的。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天下午，Leopold问我们是否可以尝试户外热水浴池。A. asked问；B. checked检查；C. decided决定；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“if we could try the outdoor hot tub”可知，Leopold此处询问是否可以尝试户外热水浴池。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要知道，当时气温是零下20度，没有什么比又冷又湿更令人恼火的了。A. annoying恼火的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. boring无聊的；D. relaxing令人放松的。根据上文“it was 20 degrees below zero, and nothing was more”和下文“than being cold and wet”可知，这种情况下又冷又湿是很令人恼火。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不愿意，但想到了我们的约定，就加入了他。A. belief信仰；B. argument争论；C. schedule时间表；D. agreement约定。根据上文“We would say yes to everything”可知，这是母子俩的一个约定。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：天气真的很冷，但冷空气和热水的对比给我们创造了一个难忘的时刻。A. and并且；B. because因为；C. so因此；D. but但是。根据上文“It was really cold”和下文“the contrast between cold air and warm water created a (n) ____ moment for us”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用连词but。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. brief简短的；B. unforgettable难忘的；C. touching感人的；D. historical历史的。根据上文“the contrast between cold air and warm water created a(n)”和后文“We had so much fun”可知，这种特殊的体验应是令人难忘的。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们玩得很开心，所以决定在春天旅行时让家人也参与进来。A. involve参与；B. support支持；C. connect连接；D. change改变。根据下文“the rest of the family during our spring trip”可知，二人决定在春天旅行时让家人也参与进来。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：说“是”让Leopold和我的女儿Nola品尝了一些新食物。A. taught教；B. urged催促；C. persuaded说服；D. allowed允许。根据下文“Leopold and my daughter Nola to taste some new foods”可知，这种方式使得孩子们能够去尝试新食物，allowed符合语境，强调给予了尝试的机会。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Nola的建议下，我在冰冷的海洋里游泳。A. refusal拒绝；B. ambition野心；C. complaint抱怨；D. suggestion建议。根据上文“I swam in the icy ocean after Nola’s”可知，作者在女儿的建议下才去海里游泳的。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们大家庭度假时，我们继续说“是”的做法。A. tested测试；B. chose选择；C. continued继续；D. proved证明。根据下文“the practice of saying yes. We took a 25-km bike ride, and went line-dancing at a bar”可知，大家庭度假时，继续坚持说“是”的做法。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们骑了25公里的自行车，还在酒吧跳了排舞，回来时汗流浃背，但很兴奋。A. frightened害怕的；B. sweaty出汗的；C. stressed紧张的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“We took a 25-km bike ride, and went line-dancing at a bar”可知，骑长途自行车和跳舞应是会让人出汗的。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是在假期说“是”的价值：它促使你走出舒适区。A. hope希望；B. rule规则；C. value价值；D. possibility可能性。根据下文“It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone”可知，这是说“是”的价值所在。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养冒险精神有助于我们充分享受生活——即使有时你会浑身湿透，冷得发抖。A. adventure冒险；B. well-being幸福；C. security安全；D. duty责任。根据上文“It pushes you to step out of your comfort zone”可知，它促使你走出舒适区，说明是培养冒险精神。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. as if好像；B. even so即使如此；C. even if即使；D. if only要是……就好了。根据上文“helps us live life to the fullest”和下文“you sometimes wind up cold and wet”可知，此处为让步关系，表示“即使有时你会浑身湿透，冷得发抖”。故选C。 第 II 卷 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Hua, a name familiar to many Chinese students, frequently appears in writing tasks of English exams. Over decades, the topics of these writing tasks ____36____ (change) dramatically, reflecting great progress in English education. One major change is the popularization and advance of English learning. Tian Lijun, born in the 1970s, started to learn English in middle school. “My first English teacher taught in Chinese mainly with blackboard.” she recalled. In the following years, English education began at ____37____ (early) stages and became more engaging. For Gen Zers like Wang Mengqi, 27, ____38____ (expose) to English came even before elementary school. “My colleagues and I encourage students to switch to ____39____ English-only mode during class.” said Wang, now a high school English teacher in Beijing. Students at her school can frequently use multimedia tools to practice English and even AI devices ____40____ (improve) their English. Another change in English learning is the writing topics, ____41____ have shifted from helping Li Hua ask about foreign customs to introducing Chinese culture. Wang believes this is closely tied to China’s ____42____ (grow) cultural confidence. As an ____43____ (experience) English teacher, Zhang Zhibin says, “English isn’t just a subject; it’s a key ____44____ the world.” English education bridges China and the world — equipping youth not just with language skills, ____45____ the ability to share China’s story and connect with the world. 【答案】36. have changed##have been changing 37. earlier 38. exposure##being exposed 39. an 40. to improve 41. which 42. growing 43. experienced 44. to 45. but 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英语考试写作任务中“李华”相关话题的变化及英语教育的发展。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：几十年来，这些写作任务的主题发生了巨大变化，反映了英语教育的巨大进步。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“Over decades”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，且可能仍在进行，用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语the topics为复数，所以用have changed或have been changing。故填have changed/have been changing。 【37题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在接下来的几年里，英语教育开始得更早，也更有吸引力。结合语境以及下文的“became more engaging”可知，此处暗含与过去相比“更早”，用early的比较级earlier。故填earlier。 【38题详解】 考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：对于27岁的王梦琪这样的Z世代来说，接触英语甚至在小学之前就开始了。此处作主语，可用expose的名词形式exposure（不可数）；也可用非谓语动词作主语，此处描述的是经常性动作，且expose与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式being exposed，表示“被暴露于，接触”。故填exposure/being exposed。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“我和同事鼓励学生在课堂上切换到全英文模式。”现任北京某高中英语教师的王老师说。mode为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种全英文模式”，且English-only是以元音音素开头的短语，用不定冠词an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她所在学校的学生可以经常使用多媒体工具练习英语，甚至使用人工智能设备来提高他们的英语水平。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式作目的状语，意为“为了提高”，所以用to improve。故填to improve。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：英语学习的另一个变化是写作主题，从帮助李华询问外国习俗转变为介绍中国文化。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为the writing topics，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：王认为，这与中国日益增长的文化自信密切相关。此处修饰名词cultural confidence，用grow的形容词形式growing，意为“日益增长的”。故填growing。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：作为一名经验丰富的英语教师，张志斌说：“英语不仅仅是一门学科，它是打开世界的钥匙。”此处修饰名词English teacher，用experience的形容词形式experienced，意为“经验丰富的”。故填experienced。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：作为一名经验丰富的英语教师，张志斌说：“英语不仅仅是一门学科，它是打开世界的钥匙。”此处为固定搭配a key to…，意为“……的钥匙”，所以用介词to。故填to。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：英语教育架起了中国与世界之间的桥梁——不仅为年轻人提供语言技能，还培养他们讲述中国故事、与世界连接的能力。此处为固定搭配not just...but...，意为“不仅……还……”，所以用but。故填but。 第三部分 基础知识(共三节，满分30分) 第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 阅读下面短文，用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次;每空填入一个单词。 disturb applaud urge guidance hatch privilege dedicate innocent participate harmonious Located in the misty mountains in Guizhou province, Hongshan Village welcomes travelers with its classic beauty. My journey here felt like stepping into a living postcard, tradition and nature coexisting in a(n) ____46____ way. The village offers wonderful landscapes where the natural world truly takes center stage. Butterflies were dancing among wildflowers while birds were ____47____ eggs in their nests. Clear streams flowed gently without ____48____ the quiet peace. Children ran through fields with ____49____ laughter, adding joy to the beautiful scenery. Farmers worked in rice fields, their labor mixing with the land’s rhythm. While visiting a local workshop, I learned rice wine-making under the villagers’ patient ____50____. They were ____51____ to preserving traditions and warmly welcomed visitors as ____52____ in their festivals. At a harvest celebration, we joined in an amazingly joyful folk dance and everyone ____53____ loudly when it came to an end. Leaving the village, I felt a strong ____54____ to protect such unique villages. It was a _____55_____ to witness how rural life and nature grow together — a lesson I’ll never forget. 【答案】46. harmonious 47. hatching 48. disturbing 49. innocent 50. guidance 51. dedicated 52. participants 53. applauded 54. urge 55. privilege 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在贵州红山村的经历，感受其美景与和谐，及保护该村的愿望。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我在这里的旅程感觉就像走进了一张活的明信片，传统与自然以和谐的方式共存。此处修饰名词way，应用形容词harmonious“和谐的”，作前置定语，此处指传统与自然和谐共存。故填harmonious。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：蝴蝶在野花间飞舞，鸟儿在巢中孵蛋。根据eggs in their nests可知，此处用hatch“孵化”，while前面句子谓语为were dancing，时态用过去进行时，此处也应用过去进行时，本空用hatching，与空前were构成过去进行时。故填hatching。 【48题详解】 考查动名词。句意：清澈的溪流缓缓流淌，没有打扰这份宁静。根据the quiet peace可知，此处用disturb“打扰”，位于介词without后，用动名词disturbing，作宾语。故填disturbing。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：孩子们在田野里奔跑，发出天真无邪的笑声，为这美丽的景色增添了欢乐。根据Children和laughter可知，此处用形容词innocent“天真的，无邪的”，作前置定语，修饰名词laughter。故填innocent。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：在参观当地的一个作坊时，我在村民们耐心的指导下学习了米酒酿造。根据I learned rice wine-making under the villagers’ patient可知，此处用名词guidance“指导”，作under的宾语。故填guidance。 【51题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：他们致力于保护传统，并热情地欢迎游客参与他们的节日。根据to preserving traditions可知，此处用dedicated，be dedicated to是固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填dedicated。 【52题详解】 考查名词的数。句意同上。根据in their festivals可知，此处用participate的名词participant“参与者”，此处指多个游客，应用复数形式participants，作as的宾语。故填participants。 【53题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在一场丰收庆典上，我们加入了一场非常欢乐的民间舞蹈，当舞蹈结束时，每个人都大声鼓掌。根据loudly when it came to an end可知，此处用applaud“鼓掌”，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式applauded。故填applauded。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：离开村子时，我强烈地渴望保护这样独特的村庄。根据to protect such unique villages可知，此处用名词urge“强烈的欲望，迫切要求”，作felt的宾语。故填urge。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：能见证乡村生活与自然如何共生是一种荣幸 —— 这是我永远不会忘记的一课。根据witness how rural life and nature grow together — a lesson I’ll never forget可知，此处用privilege“荣幸，特权”，作表语。故填privilege。 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 用所给短语的恰当形式填入下列句子，使其意义完整。有两个短语多余。 take over in hand relay to on behalf of attend to be made up of in response to 56. After years of hard work, she ________ the family business and expanded it into a global brand. (用适当的词填空) 57. I have several important projects ________ right now, so I need to manage my time wisely to meet all the deadlines. (用适当的词填空) 58. China encourages couples to have a third child ________ an aging population. (用适当的词填空) 59. The spaceship team established last year ________ astronauts, scientists and engineers. (用适当的词填空) 60. ________ the research team, he presented their findings on renewable energy at the international conference.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】56. took over 57. in hand##to attend to 58. in response to 59. was made up of##is made up of 60. On behalf of 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：经过多年的努力，她接管了家族企业，并将其扩展为一个全球品牌。根据空后的“the family business”可知，此处指接管家族企业，take over为固定短语，意为“接管；接手”，结合“After years of hard work”和“expanded”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，take的过去式为took。故填took over。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我现在有几个重要的项目在手（要处理），所以我需要明智地管理我的时间以赶上所有的截止日期。根据空后的“several important projects”和“manage my time wisely to meet all the deadlines”可知，此处指有项目在手或需要处理，in hand意为“在手中；在处理中”，attend to意为“处理；照料”，此处用in hand作后置定语修饰projects，或用to attend to表示“有要处理的项目”，均符合语境。故填in hand /to attend to。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：为应对人口老龄化，中国鼓励夫妇生育第三个孩子。根据空后的“an aging population”可知，此处指为了应对人口老龄化问题，in response to为固定短语，意为“响应；作为对……的回应”，符合语境。故填in response to。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语和时态。句意：去年成立的宇宙飞船团队由宇航员、科学家和工程师组成。根据空后的“astronauts, scientists and engineers”可知，此处指团队由这些人组成，be made up of为固定短语，意为“由……组成”，结合“established last year”可知，句子可描述过去的情况用一般过去时，也可描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语The spaceship team为单数，be动词应用was/is。故填was/is made up of。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：他代表研究团队在国际会议上展示了他们在可再生能源方面的研究成果。根据空后的“the research team”可知，此处指代表研究团队，on behalf of为固定短语，意为“代表”，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填On behalf of。 第三节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文提示和所给的英文部分完成下列句子。 61. 为了打动观众，女孩饱含激情地朗诵，好像她是诗中的主人公。 ________ the audience, the girl read the poem with great passion as if ________ in the poem. 【答案】 ①. In order to/To touch/move ②. she were/had been the main/leading/major character/heroine/role 【解析】 【详解】考查目的状语及虚拟语气。第一空表示“为了打动”，“为了”可用in order to do或to do，“打动”译为touch或move，位于句首单词首字母需大写，所以第一空为In order to/To touch/move；第二空为as if引导的状语从句，从句表示与现在或过去事实相反的假设，用虚拟语气，与现在相反，表示“她是”为she were，与过去相反用she had been，“主人公”可译为the main/leading/major character/heroine/role，作表语，所以第二空为she were/had been the main/leading/major character/heroine/role。故填①In order to/To touch/move②she were/had been the main/leading/major character/heroine/role。 62. 在海洋探索中，无论科学家们遇到什么挑战，他们都选择坚持而不放弃。 ________ scientists meet while exploring the sea, they choose ________. 【答案】 ①. Whatever difficulty/challenge/No matter what difficulties/challenges ②. to persist /persevere rather than give up/to keep on instead of giving up 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句和非谓语动词。“无论科学家们遇到什么挑战”需要用让步状语从句来表达，“无论什么”用whatever或no matter what；表示“挑战，困难”用difficulty/challenge，强调“多种困难/挑战”用复数，也可视为不可数名词，第一空填Whatever difficulty/challenge/No matter what difficulties/challenges。第二空，“选择做某事”用choose to do sth.；“坚持”用persist/persevere/keep on；“而不”用rather than（后接动词原形）或instead of（后接动名词）；“放弃”用give up。第二空填to persist /persevere rather than give up/to keep on instead of giving up。故填：①Whatever difficulty/challenge/No matter what difficulties/challenges；②to persist /persevere rather than give up/to keep on instead of giving up。 63. 河边矗立着一座古塔，它见证了小镇的变迁。 On the bank of the river ________, ________ the changes of the town. 【答案】 ①. stands an ancient/old tower ②. which has witnessed/seen 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句和定语从句。表示“一座古塔”用an ancient/old tower，作主语。表示“矗立着”用stand，本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数。表示地点的介词短语On the bank of the river置于句首，句子需用完全倒装，将谓语stands放在主语之前。第一空填stands an ancient/old tower。第二空意思是“它见证了”用非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。表示“见证”用witness或see，这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。第二空填which has witnessed/seen。故填：①stands an ancient/old tower；②which has witnessed/seen。 64. 最真挚情感正是通过最简单的语言来表达的。 It is ________ that the deepest emotions ________. 【答案】 ①. with/in/through the simplest/most simple words/language ②. are expressed/conveyed 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型和时态语态。本句是强调句型“it is(was)+被强调部分+that (who)+其它”，强调状语“通过最简单的语言”，“通过”可使用介词with/in/through，“最简单的语言”译为the simplest/most simple words/language作宾语，因此第一空填“with/in/through the simplest/most simple words/language；“表达”为express/convey与“emotions”之间是被动关系，且句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，其主语为复数形式，所以谓语动词为are expressed/conveyed，因此第二空填are expressed/conveyed。故填①with/in/through the simplest/most simple words/language ②are expressed/conveyed。 65. 运动是如此有益，几十年来医生们一直把它推荐为最好的天然药物。 Exercise is________ doctors________ it as the best natural medicine for decades. 【答案】 ①. so beneficial/helpful/useful/rewarding that ②. have been recommending /have recommended 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。第一空引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于”句型为so…that…；表示“有益”用形容词beneficial/helpful/useful/rewarding，作表语；第二空表示“推荐”用动词recommend，作谓语，根据后文for decades可知可用现在完成进行时，表示过去的动作持续进行到现在，并可能继续下去；或用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，主语为doctors，助动词用have。故填①so beneficial/helpful/useful/rewarding that；②have been recommending /have recommended。 第四部分 书面表达(满分30分) 66. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Henry写信询问你是否参与过志愿者活动，请给他回信，分享你最近的一次活动，并谈谈感受。 注意：1. 词数 150 词左右，开头和结尾已给，不计入词数； 2. 不要透露真实人名和校名。 Dear Henry, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Possible version 1: Dear Henry, Glad to hear from you. I’m writing to share with you my recent volunteer work. Last weekend, I joined in a community service activity to help the elderly in a local nursing home. We spent the whole morning there. Some of us helped decorate their rooms, while others chatted with them. I chose to read books and newspapers to the elderly who had poor eyesight. It was heartwarming to see their happy smiles and hear their soft words. And I felt a strong sense of fulfillment afterwards. This experience taught me that even small acts of kindness can bring joy to others. I realize how important it is to care for those around us and to make a positive impact on our community. I’m looking forward to participating in more volunteer activities in the future. Best regards, Yours, Li Hua Possible version 2: Dear Henry, I’m really happy to get your letter and I’m excited to tell you about my latest volunteer experience. Two weeks ago, I joined a volunteer project at a local primary school. We were there to help the kids with their English studies. I spent the afternoon teaching them new words in a picture book. It was amazing to see how eager they were to learn and how much progress they made in just a few hours. One of the most touching moments was when a little girl who was initially very shy finally raised her hand to answer a question. Her face lit up with pride when she got it right, making me realize how much of an impact we can have on someone’s confidence and enthusiasm for learning. This experience taught me that even small efforts can make a big difference. It was incredibly rewarding to see the kids grow more confident and excited about English. I left the school feeling really good about what we had accomplished. I hope you’ve had some great volunteer experiences too. I’d love to hear about them! Best wishes, Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友Henry回信，分享自己最近参与的一次志愿者活动以及感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴：glad→delighted 参与：join in→take part in 成就感：sense of fulfillment→sense of achievement 影响：impact→influence 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last weekend, I joined in a community service activity to help the elderly in a local nursing home. 拓展句：Last weekend, I joined in a community service activity which aimed to help the elderly in a local nursing home. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I chose to read books and newspapers to the elderly who had poor eyesight.（运用who引导的定语从句修饰the elderly） 【高分句型2】This experience taught me that even small acts of kindness can bring joy to others.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $