第4讲 动名词-核心语法 重难点专项突破 2027年高考英语一轮复习（全国通用）

该高中英语高考复习学案系统覆盖动名词四大句法功能、特殊形式、易混易错点及标准化解题步骤等核心考点，按“基础-难点-易错点-解题步骤”逻辑层次构建知识网络，通过表格对比、对点练习等任务单设计，引导学生自主梳理固定搭配、时态语态等关键规律，形成系统化语法认知框架。 亮点在于诊断性自测与分层训练设计，如模块前设置对点练习诊断基础掌握情况，模块四提供四步解题流程指导方法运用，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配套单句语法填空及四篇语法填空短文，学生可通过错题归因实现自主提升，教师能依据学情数据精准辅导，有效支持个性化复习与因材施教。

第4讲 动名词 2027年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 模块一：动名词基础：四大句法功能 本模块梳理动名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语四类核心句法功能，其中作宾语为高考最高频考点，整理固定动词、介词搭配、特殊句型，区分动名词与其他非谓语的用法差异，适配语法填空、短文改错两类题型。 句法功能 核心规则 标准例句 作主语 1. doing 置于句首，谓语动词用单数 2. 形式主语句型：It’s no use doing 3. 固定结构：There is no doing Reading improves our writing ability. It’s no use complaining without action. 作表语 1. be 动词后接 doing，与主语为等同解释关系 2. 区分描述事物特征的现在分词 My hobby is collecting ancient stamps. 作定语 1. doing 前置修饰名词，表物品用途 2. 区分现在分词、过去分词、不定式作定语 a swimming pool（泳池，表用途） 作宾语 （高频） 1. 只接 doing 动词：mind、enjoy、avoid 2. do/doing 语义差异：forget、stop、try 3. to 为介词短语：look forward to、be used to 4. 省略 in 句型：spend…doing、have trouble doing I avoid making silly mistakes in exams. We look forward to visiting the museum. 注意事项 1. 动名词作主语时，即便多个动名词并列，表示同一概念时谓语动词仍用单数，如：Singing and dancing is my daily hobby； 2. 动名词作定语仅表达 “用途”，描述事物正在发生的状态需用后置现在分词； 3. 短语内 to 是介词时，后面必须搭配 doing，是考试高频陷阱。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. ________ (Master) grammar rules lays a solid foundation for English writing. 【答案】Mastering 【详解】动名词放句首作主语，谓语 lays 为单数，故填 Mastering。 2. It is no good ________ (waste) precious time on meaningless online games. 【答案】wasting 【详解】固定句型 It’s no good doing，动名词作真正主语，填 wasting。 3. We all look forward to ________ (attend) the expert lecture on non-finite verbs. 【答案】attending 【详解】look forward to 中 to 为介词，后接动名词作宾语，填 attending。 4. There is no ________ (deny) that daily practice raises our grammar accuracy. 【答案】denying 【详解】固定结构 There is no doing，动名词作主语，填 denying。 5. The main task of this group is ________ (sort) all students’ grammar exercise papers. 【答案】sorting 【详解】动名词作表语，对主语 task 进行解释说明，填 sorting。 模块二：动名词特殊形式 本模块讲解动名词时态语态变化、主动形式表被动、复合所属结构三大难点，区分动作同步 / 先后逻辑，明确书面正式写法与口语非正式写法的使用边界，是语法填空拉开分值的细节考点。 分类 结构规则 使用场景 示范例句 时态语态 1. 一般主动：doing（与主句动作同步） 2. 一般被动：being done（同步且被动） 3. 完成主动：having done（动作先于主句） 4. 完成被动：having been done（先发生 + 被动） 否定：not 写在动名词最前面 无先后用一般式；存在明显动作先后用完成式 She hates being disturbed while studying. He was praised for having finished tasks early. 主动表被动 1. need / require / want / deserve + doing 2. be worth doing（仅能使用主动形式） 主语为物品，表达 “需要被……、值得被……” The old classroom needs cleaning every week. 复合结构 1. 正式：物主代词 / 名词所有格 + doing（可作主 / 宾 / 表） 2. 非正式：宾格 / 名词普通格 + doing（仅作宾语、表语） 书面答题优先使用正式所有格形式 His missing the exam caused big trouble. I don’t mind him joining our team. 注意事项 1. 主句与动名词动作无明显先后时，禁止滥用 having done 完成式； 2. be worth 后只能搭配 doing，不能使用 being done 被动结构； 3. 复合结构置于句首作主语，只能使用物主代词 / 名词所有格正式形式。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. He was criticized for ________ (not hand) in his grammar homework before deadline. 【答案】not handing 【详解】动名词否定结构 not doing，作介词 for 宾语，动作无先后用一般式，填 not handing。 2. The old lecture hall needs ________ (decorate) before the English speech contest opening. 【答案】decorating 【详解】need doing 固定搭配，主动形式表被动 “需要被装饰”，填 decorating。 3. Her ________ (fail) to memorize grammar rules caused mistakes in the monthly exam. 【答案】failing 【详解】复合结构作主语，必须使用物主代词 + doing 正式形式，填 failing。 4. They took pride in ________ (select) to join the city-wide English competition last month. 【答案】being selected 【详解】动名词一般被动式，主语 they 是动作承受者，动作与主句感受同步，填 being selected。 5. The teacher praised us for ________ (finish) all preview work ahead of class. 【答案】having finished 【详解】“完成预习” 发生在 “老师表扬” 之前，存在动作先后，用完成式 having finished。 模块三：易混易错点 以下表格汇总高三学生做动名词题型时最容易丢分的四类陷阱，对比错误写法与标准规则，提前规避中文思维、固定搭配混淆、时态语态误用等问题。 易错类别 错误示范 标准规则 正确写法 介词后误用 to do look forward to meet 介词后统一用 doing look forward to meeting 无先后滥用完成式 I appreciate having you help me. 同步动作用一般 doing I appreciate you helping me. be worth 搭配 being done The book is worth being read. be worth 只接主动 doing The book is worth reading. 复合结构句首用宾格 Him breaking the rule made us upset. 句首主语只能用所有格 His breaking the rule made us upset. 注意事项 1. 看到 to 先区分是不定式符号还是介词，介词 to 后固定搭配 doing； 2. 动作同步、无时间差时，一律使用一般式 doing，无需加 having； 3. 写作、语法填空等书面题型，复合结构优先选用物主代词 / 名词所有格。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. We are accustomed to ________ (take) notes while listening to grammar lectures. 【答案】taking 【详解】be accustomed to 中 to 为介词，后接 doing，填 taking。 2. It is well worth ________ (spend) extra time sorting out non-finite verb knowledge. 【答案】spending 【详解】be worth doing 固定搭配，不能用 being spent，填 spending。 3. ________ (he) ignoring the grammar rules led to his low score in the exam. 【答案】His 【详解】复合结构放句首作主语，需用形容词性物主代词 His，后接 ignoring。 4. I enjoy ________ (chat) with classmates about grammar problems after class. 【答案】chatting 【详解】enjoy 后固定接动名词作宾语，填 chatting。 5. She regretted ________ (not review) the key points before the monthly test. 【答案】not reviewing 【详解】动作同步，使用一般式动名词否定 not doing，填 not reviewing。 模块四：动名词标准化解题步骤 本模块标准化四步解题流程，适配所有语法填空动名词题型，解决学生凭感觉填空、分不清非谓语形式的问题，按顺序操作可完整规避语态、时态、搭配陷阱。 步骤 操作要求 判断核心要点 1 判断句子成分 空格需要名词性成分（主 / 宾 / 表）→考虑动名词 doing；修饰名词表用途→doing 作定语 2 匹配固定搭配 动词 / 介词后固定接 doing；区分 to 是介词还是不定式符号 3 判断动作先后与主被动 同步动作用一般 doing/being done；先发生用 having done/having been done 4 排查易错陷阱 核对 be worth、复合结构、介词 to 等高频失分点 注意事项 1. 做题严格遵循四步顺序，先判断句子成分，再核对搭配，最后排查陷阱； 2. 空格前为介词，无需考虑不定式，直接写 doing 形式； 3. 复合结构作主语，直接锁定物主代词 + doing 正式结构。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. He was proud of ________ (choose) as the group leader of grammar learning team. 【答案】being chosen 【详解】步骤 1：介词 of 后需名词性成分；步骤 3：主语 he 被动，动作同步，用 being done。 2. ________ (we) master all verb tenses helps us finish grammar tasks faster. 【答案】Our mastering 【详解】步骤 1：句首作主语；步骤 4：复合结构句首用物主代词 Our+doing。 3. It is no use ________ (argue) about trivial grammar details in class. 【答案】arguing 【详解】步骤 2：固定句型 It’s no use doing，直接填动名词 arguing。 4. I regret ________ (not finish) the grammar exercise before the teacher checked it. 【答案】not having finished 【详解】步骤 3：完成练习发生在检查之前，动作有先后，用 having done 否定形式。 5. This kind of machine is used for ________ (clean) the dust on classroom desks. 【答案】cleaning 【详解】步骤 1：介词 for 后作宾语，表用途，直接填 doing 形式 cleaning。 单句语法填空题：在横线上填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. Devoting spare time to __________ (summarize) grammar rules can greatly improve your accuracy in exams. 【答案】summarizing 【详解】考查动名词作宾语。短语 devote…to 中 to 是介词，介词后面必须搭配动名词作宾语，因此填 summarizing。句意：投入课余时间总结语法规则能大幅提升你的做题正确率。 2. Every senior three student tries __________ (grasp) all grammar points of infinitives to raise scores in grammar filling. 【答案】to grasp 【详解】考查不定式固定搭配 try to do，意为 “努力做某事”，不定式作宾语。句意：每位高三学生都努力吃透不定式全部语法考点，提升语法填空得分。 3. There is no __________ (deny) that consistent daily training helps students grasp the usage of gerunds firmly. 【答案】denying 【详解】考查动名词固定句型 There is no doing sth.，该结构整体在句中作主语。句意：不可否认，持续的日常训练能让学生扎实掌握动名词用法。 4. Our teacher’s __________ (remind) us of gerund traps reduced many silly mistakes in the recent monthly test. 【答案】reminding 【详解】考查动名词复合结构作主语。复合结构置于句首作主语时，需使用名词所有格 + doing 的标准形式。句意：老师提醒我们动名词相关陷阱，减少了这次月考中的大量低级错误。 5. The old library needs __________ (renovate) to offer a better reading environment for senior three students. 【答案】renovating 【详解】考查动名词主动形式表被动。need doing 为固定结构，主动形式表达 “某物需要被……” 的被动含义。句意：这座旧图书馆需要翻新，为高三学生提供更好的阅读环境。 6. I really appreciate __________ (you) patiently explaining confusing gerund knowledge after each grammar class. 【答案】your 【详解】考查动名词复合结构作宾语。appreciate 后接复合宾语，正式书面语使用形容词性物主代词 + doing。句意：非常感谢你每节语法课后耐心讲解难懂的动名词知识点。 7. He avoided __________ (blame) by the head teacher for finishing all his gerund homework ahead of schedule. 【答案】being blamed 【详解】考查动名词一般被动式。avoid 后只能接动名词，主语 he 是被批评，因此用 being done 表被动。句意：他提前完成所有动名词作业，避免了被班主任批评。 8. We look forward to __________ (attend) the special lecture focusing on the difference between gerunds and present participles. 【答案】attending 【详解】考查介词后接动名词。look forward to 短语中 to 为介词，其后动词只能变形为动名词。句意：我们期待参加这场专门讲解动名词与现在分词区别的专题讲座。 9. The famous professor was praised for __________ (publish) a series of papers about English non-finite verbs years ago. 【答案】having published 【详解】考查动名词完成式。publish 这个发表动作发生在 was praised 被表扬之前，存在明显先后顺序，用 having done。句意：这位知名教授因多年前发表一系列关于英语非谓语动词的论文受到嘉奖。 10. It is important for us __________ (master) the difference between to-infinitive and gerund in daily exercises. 【答案】to master 【详解】考查不定式作真正主语固定句型 It is + adj. + for sb. to do，it 作形式主语。句意：在日常练习中分清动词不定式与动名词的区别对我们十分重要。 11. Many students have trouble __________ (distinguish) gerunds functioning as attributes from present participles. 【答案】distinguishing 【详解】考查省略介词的固定短语。have trouble (in) doing sth.，介词 in 可省略，后面固定搭配动名词。句意：很多学生难以区分作定语的动名词和现在分词。 12. __________ (not master) the rules of gerund compound structures leads to frequent errors in grammar filling. 【答案】Not mastering 【详解】考查动名词否定式作主语。否定词 not 必须置于动名词最前方，整体在句中充当主语。句意：没有掌握动名词复合结构规则，会造成语法填空频繁失分。 13. Stop __________ (confuse) gerunds with infinitives; their sentence functions have clear and fixed differences. 【答案】confusing 【详解】考查 stop doing 固定搭配，doing 表示 “停止正在做的这件事”，区分 stop to do 停下手中事去做另一件。句意：不要再混淆动名词和不定式，二者的句法功能有清晰固定的区别。 14. The engineer regretted __________ (not check) the data before submitting the report to the school research group. 【答案】not having checked 【详解】考查动名词完成否定式，检查数据的动作发生在 regretted 后悔之前，先后分明，用 not having done。句意：这位研究员后悔没有在提交报告给校课题组前核对数据。 15. The key method of __________ (tell) gerunds apart from other non-finite verbs is to judge their noun property. 【答案】telling 【详解】考查介词后接动名词，介词 of 后面的动词需变为 doing 形式作宾语。句意：区分动名词与其他非谓语动词的核心方法是判断其名词属性。 语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 1. entirely 2. instructor 3. and 4. feet 5. am supposed 6. which 7. descriptive 8. on 9. being 10. to meet 【来源】2026年高考全国2卷英语高考真题（网络 收集版） 【导语】文章主要讲述作者首次清晨跟随老师体验太极课程的经历与感悟。 【详解】1. 考查副词。句意：太极课的前十五分钟，我们全程待在原地热身。本空修饰动词remain，作状语，用副词entirely“完全地，全程地”。 2. 考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 3. 考查连词。句意：你的身心合一。本空连接并列名词mind和body，用并列连词and。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：她说：“双脚平行站立，用丹田支撑身体。”foot为可数名词，此处指双脚，用复数形式feet作宾语。 5. 考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 7. 考查形容词。句意：这些招式有着形象生动的名字，如“捧碗”和“揽雀尾”。本空修饰名词names，作定语，用形容词descriptive“描绘性的，形象的”。 8. 考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one’s eyes on sb./sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：课程结束时才早上八点，天色尚早，我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，be的动名词形式为being。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time. These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England. 【答案】 1. engineering 2. functional 3. to give 4. closed 5. walks 6. the 7. favourites/favorites 8. as 9. which/that 10. richness 【来源】2024年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题（含听力） 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 【详解】1. 考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 2. 考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些萼片在温暖日子里开放，为内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 4. 考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 6. 考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 7. 考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favourite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favourites / favorites。 8. 考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：Glasshouse是当代设计中的一项伟大成就，它将中国西南部的植物安置在丝绸之路的尽头，丝绸之路将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到这里，定义了英国丰富的园艺。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 10. 考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 【点睛】 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 5 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 7 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8   (record) everything I discovered. The 9 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】 1. to 2. built 3. which/that 4. wonders 5. but 6. Having visited 7. was amazed 8. recording 9. remarkable 10. means 【来源】2023年全国乙卷英语真题（含听力） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 【详解】1. 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4. 考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 5. 考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 7. 考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 9. 考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 10. 考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 【点睛】 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was on a misty autumn morning that I first met an old German woman. Her 1 (dye) wool with plant leaves was a delicate art that absorbed almost every waking moment of her life. Her hands, stained blue and yellow, told stories I could not yet read. Why would anyone in the 2 (twenty) century bother with such a laborious craft? Most 3 (German) I knew would have laughed. But she never gave a direct answer. One day, pointing to a piece of cloth that had failed to take color evenly, she whispered, “These imperfect patches are the only truly original parts.” It was then that I realized her approach was 4 (whole) different from the modern pursuit of perfection. Her 5 (explain) of beauty stayed with me: “A thing is beautiful because of its mistakes.” I have never encountered 6 a little kind act in any other teacher that it completely reshaped my understanding of love — for she accepted every flaw as a gift. It was precisely her gentle voice in 7 I had placed my deepest trust that planted this seed in my heart. Many years later, I am certain that the memory I had thought long buried — the same memory of her stained hands and her whisper about beauty, which I had so often tried to suppress from my conscious mind — sprang back that cold December evening, bringing her smile and the smell of wet wool, as if no time 8 (pass) at all. 9 a cold December evening, I finally understood that she had taught me not a skill, but a way of being. To become 10 honest observer of one’s own life is to accept every mark as part of the design. 【答案】 1. dyeing 2. twentieth 3. Germans 4. wholly 5. explanation 6. such 7. which 8. had passed 9. On 10. an 【来源】2026届湖北黄冈中学高三年级5月第三次模拟考试英语试题 【导语】主要讲述作者偶遇一位德国老妇人，从她植物染布的手艺与独特的审美观念中获得人生感悟的故事。 【详解】1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她用植物叶片染羊毛是一门精巧的技艺，这几乎占据了她醒着的所有时间。此处在句中作主语，描述经常性动作，使用动名词形式dyeing。 2. 考查数词。句意：在二十世纪，为什么还有人愿意费心钻研这样一项费力的手艺呢？表示“第几世纪”要用序数词，twenty对应的序数词为twentieth。 3. 考查名词复数。句意：我认识的大多数德国人都会对此不以为然。German为可数名词，前面有Most修饰，表示多数人，需用复数形式Germans。 4. 考查副词。句意：就在那时我意识到，她的理念与现代人对完美的追求完全不同。此处修饰形容词different，需用副词作状语，whole对应的副词形式为wholly意为“完全地”。 5. 考查名词。句意：她关于美的一番话一直萦绕在我心头：“一件事物正因为有瑕疵，才显得美丽。”形容词性物主代词Her后接名词作主语，explain对应的名词形式为explanation意为“解释”。 6. 考查固定句型。句意：直译：我在其他任何老师身上都从未遇到过这样微小的善意举动，它彻底改变了我对爱的理解——因为她将每一份缺憾都视作一份馈赠。表示“如此……以至于……”，且修饰的核心词是名词act，需用固定句型such...that...，所以此处为such。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：正是她那温柔的声音，我曾寄予最深的信任，在我心中种下了这颗种子。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词voice指物，介词后用关系代词which。 8. 考查动词时态。句意：直译：多年以后，我确信，那段我以为早已尘封的回忆——那些关于她沾着污渍的双手、以及她对美的低语的片段，我曾无数次试图将其从脑海中抹去——在那个寒冷的冬夜再度浮现，伴着她的笑容与潮湿毛料的气息，仿佛岁月从未流逝。此处为谓语动词，pass的动作发生在主句动作sprang back之前，属于过去的过去，要用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”，所以用had passed。 9. 考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的十二月夜晚，我终于明白她教给我的并非一门手艺，而是一种生活态度。在具体某一个夜晚前，要用介词on，位于句首，首字母需大写。 10. 考查冠词。句意：做一名忠实的生活观察者，就是接纳每一处印记都是人生构图的一部分。observer为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，结合句意，此处表示“一名观察者”为泛指，且honest是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。 7 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第4讲 动名词 2027年高考英语语法专项突破（全国通用） （语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练） 内容提要 思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升 模块一：动名词基础：四大句法功能 本模块梳理动名词充当主语、表语、定语、宾语四类核心句法功能，其中作宾语为高考最高频考点，整理固定动词、介词搭配、特殊句型，区分动名词与其他非谓语的用法差异，适配语法填空、短文改错两类题型。 句法功能 核心规则 标准例句 作主语 1. doing 置于句首，谓语动词用单数 2. 形式主语句型：It’s no use doing 3. 固定结构：There is no doing Reading improves our writing ability. It’s no use complaining without action. 作表语 1. be 动词后接 doing，与主语为等同解释关系 2. 区分描述事物特征的现在分词 My hobby is collecting ancient stamps. 作定语 1. doing 前置修饰名词，表物品用途 2. 区分现在分词、过去分词、不定式作定语 a swimming pool（泳池，表用途） 作宾语 （高频） 1. 只接 doing 动词：mind、enjoy、avoid 2. do/doing 语义差异：forget、stop、try 3. to 为介词短语：look forward to、be used to 4. 省略 in 句型：spend…doing、have trouble doing I avoid making silly mistakes in exams. We look forward to visiting the museum. 注意事项 1. 动名词作主语时，即便多个动名词并列，表示同一概念时谓语动词仍用单数，如：Singing and dancing is my daily hobby； 2. 动名词作定语仅表达 “用途”，描述事物正在发生的状态需用后置现在分词； 3. 短语内 to 是介词时，后面必须搭配 doing，是考试高频陷阱。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. ________ (Master) grammar rules lays a solid foundation for English writing. 2. It is no good ________ (waste) precious time on meaningless online games. 3. We all look forward to ________ (attend) the expert lecture on non-finite verbs. 4. There is no ________ (deny) that daily practice raises our grammar accuracy. 5. The main task of this group is ________ (sort) all students’ grammar exercise papers. 模块二：动名词特殊形式 本模块讲解动名词时态语态变化、主动形式表被动、复合所属结构三大难点，区分动作同步 / 先后逻辑，明确书面正式写法与口语非正式写法的使用边界，是语法填空拉开分值的细节考点。 分类 结构规则 使用场景 示范例句 时态语态 1. 一般主动：doing（与主句动作同步） 2. 一般被动：being done（同步且被动） 3. 完成主动：having done（动作先于主句） 4. 完成被动：having been done（先发生 + 被动） 否定：not 写在动名词最前面 无先后用一般式；存在明显动作先后用完成式 She hates being disturbed while studying. He was praised for having finished tasks early. 主动表被动 1. need / require / want / deserve + doing 2. be worth doing（仅能使用主动形式） 主语为物品，表达 “需要被……、值得被……” The old classroom needs cleaning every week. 复合结构 1. 正式：物主代词 / 名词所有格 + doing（可作主 / 宾 / 表） 2. 非正式：宾格 / 名词普通格 + doing（仅作宾语、表语） 书面答题优先使用正式所有格形式 His missing the exam caused big trouble. I don’t mind him joining our team. 注意事项 1. 主句与动名词动作无明显先后时，禁止滥用 having done 完成式； 2. be worth 后只能搭配 doing，不能使用 being done 被动结构； 3. 复合结构置于句首作主语，只能使用物主代词 / 名词所有格正式形式。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. He was criticized for ________ (not hand) in his grammar homework before deadline. 2. The old lecture hall needs ________ (decorate) before the English speech contest opening. 3. Her ________ (fail) to memorize grammar rules caused mistakes in the monthly exam. 4. They took pride in ________ (select) to join the city-wide English competition last month. 5. The teacher praised us for ________ (finish) all preview work ahead of class. 模块三：易混易错点 以下表格汇总高三学生做动名词题型时最容易丢分的四类陷阱，对比错误写法与标准规则，提前规避中文思维、固定搭配混淆、时态语态误用等问题。 易错类别 错误示范 标准规则 正确写法 介词后误用 to do look forward to meet 介词后统一用 doing look forward to meeting 无先后滥用完成式 I appreciate having you help me. 同步动作用一般 doing I appreciate you helping me. be worth 搭配 being done The book is worth being read. be worth 只接主动 doing The book is worth reading. 复合结构句首用宾格 Him breaking the rule made us upset. 句首主语只能用所有格 His breaking the rule made us upset. 注意事项 1. 看到 to 先区分是不定式符号还是介词，介词 to 后固定搭配 doing； 2. 动作同步、无时间差时，一律使用一般式 doing，无需加 having； 3. 写作、语法填空等书面题型，复合结构优先选用物主代词 / 名词所有格。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. We are accustomed to ________ (take) notes while listening to grammar lectures. 2. It is well worth ________ (spend) extra time sorting out non-finite verb knowledge. 3. ________ (he) ignoring the grammar rules led to his low score in the exam. 4. I enjoy ________ (chat) with classmates about grammar problems after class. 5. She regretted ________ (not review) the key points before the monthly test. 模块四：动名词标准化解题步骤 本模块标准化四步解题流程，适配所有语法填空动名词题型，解决学生凭感觉填空、分不清非谓语形式的问题，按顺序操作可完整规避语态、时态、搭配陷阱。 步骤 操作要求 判断核心要点 1 判断句子成分 空格需要名词性成分（主 / 宾 / 表）→考虑动名词 doing；修饰名词表用途→doing 作定语 2 匹配固定搭配 动词 / 介词后固定接 doing；区分 to 是介词还是不定式符号 3 判断动作先后与主被动 同步动作用一般 doing/being done；先发生用 having done/having been done 4 排查易错陷阱 核对 be worth、复合结构、介词 to 等高频失分点 注意事项 1. 做题严格遵循四步顺序，先判断句子成分，再核对搭配，最后排查陷阱； 2. 空格前为介词，无需考虑不定式，直接写 doing 形式； 3. 复合结构作主语，直接锁定物主代词 + doing 正式结构。 对点练习：空格处填1个适当单词或用括号提示词的正确形式填空 1. He was proud of ________ (choose) as the group leader of grammar learning team. 2. ________ (we) master all verb tenses helps us finish grammar tasks faster. 3. It is no use ________ (argue) about trivial grammar details in class. 4. I regret ________ (not finish) the grammar exercise before the teacher checked it. 5. This kind of machine is used for ________ (clean) the dust on classroom desks. 单句语法填空题：在横线上填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. Devoting spare time to __________ (summarize) grammar rules can greatly improve your accuracy in exams. 2. Every senior three student tries __________ (grasp) all grammar points of infinitives to raise scores in grammar filling. 3. There is no __________ (deny) that consistent daily training helps students grasp the usage of gerunds firmly. 4. Our teacher’s __________ (remind) us of gerund traps reduced many silly mistakes in the recent monthly test. 5. The old library needs __________ (renovate) to offer a better reading environment for senior three students. 6. I really appreciate __________ (you) patiently explaining confusing gerund knowledge after each grammar class. 7. He avoided __________ (blame) by the head teacher for finishing all his gerund homework ahead of schedule. 8. We look forward to __________ (attend) the special lecture focusing on the difference between gerunds and present participles. 9. The famous professor was praised for __________ (publish) a series of papers about English non-finite verbs years ago. 10. It is important for us __________ (master) the difference between to-infinitive and gerund in daily exercises. 11. Many students have trouble __________ (distinguish) gerunds functioning as attributes from present participles. 12. __________ (not master) the rules of gerund compound structures leads to frequent errors in grammar filling. 13. Stop __________ (confuse) gerunds with infinitives; their sentence functions have clear and fixed differences. 14. The engineer regretted __________ (not check) the data before submitting the report to the school research group. 15. The key method of __________ (tell) gerunds apart from other non-finite verbs is to judge their noun property. 语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 1 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 2 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 3 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 4 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 5 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 6 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 7 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 8 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 9 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 10 (meet) another life force: coffee. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest 1 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 2 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 3 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 4 (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 5 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 6 first time. These plants included modern Western 7 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands 8 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 9 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 10 (rich) of gardening in England. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 5 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 7 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8   (record) everything I discovered. The 9 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was on a misty autumn morning that I first met an old German woman. Her 1 (dye) wool with plant leaves was a delicate art that absorbed almost every waking moment of her life. Her hands, stained blue and yellow, told stories I could not yet read. Why would anyone in the 2 (twenty) century bother with such a laborious craft? Most 3 (German) I knew would have laughed. But she never gave a direct answer. One day, pointing to a piece of cloth that had failed to take color evenly, she whispered, “These imperfect patches are the only truly original parts.” It was then that I realized her approach was 4 (whole) different from the modern pursuit of perfection. Her 5 (explain) of beauty stayed with me: “A thing is beautiful because of its mistakes.” I have never encountered 6 a little kind act in any other teacher that it completely reshaped my understanding of love — for she accepted every flaw as a gift. It was precisely her gentle voice in 7 I had placed my deepest trust that planted this seed in my heart. Many years later, I am certain that the memory I had thought long buried — the same memory of her stained hands and her whisper about beauty, which I had so often tried to suppress from my conscious mind — sprang back that cold December evening, bringing her smile and the smell of wet wool, as if no time 8 (pass) at all. 9 a cold December evening, I finally understood that she had taught me not a skill, but a way of being. To become 10 honest observer of one’s own life is to accept every mark as part of the design. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $