Unit 2 Getting along-Developing ideas-Listening and speaking课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“谈论恐惧与人际交往”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如fear, include, influence）、短语（some kind of, a fear of heights）、句型（It is + adj. + for sb + to do, What if...）及语法辨析（include与contain, exciting与excited），构建从基础词汇到语境应用的学习支架。 资料通过高频短语中英互译、多题型综合练习（单项选择、完成句子等）提升语言能力，语法辨析培养思维品质，分层练习设计助力学习能力发展。课中情境对话辅助理解，课后练习覆盖各知识点，帮助学生查漏补缺，巩固语言应用能力。

Unit 2 Getting along Developing ideas-Listening and speaking 【课文要点】 1. What kind of fear does the girl on the right in the picture have? 图片中右边的女孩有什么样的恐惧？ - fear n. 恐惧；v. 害怕 - kind of 种类；有点儿 - on the right 在右边 - e.g. She has a ____________ of heights.（fear） 2. Many people have some kind of fear. 许多人都有某种恐惧。 - some kind of 某种 - e.g. Everyone has ____________ kind of worry.（some） 3. Examples include a fear of heights and a fear of attending social events. 例如包括恐高和害怕参加社交活动。 - include v. 包括（指包含整体中的一部分） - 【辨析】include 与 contain - include 包括（强调组成部分） - contain 包含（强调内容物） - a fear of 对......的恐惧 - heights n. 高处，高地（常用复数） - attend v. 参加（正式场合） - social adj. 社交的；社会的 - event n. 事件；活动 - e.g. The price ____________ tax.（include） - e.g. He ____________ a meeting yesterday.（attend） 4. It is often difficult for people to talk about their fears with others. 对人们来说，与他人谈论自己的恐惧通常是困难的。 - It is + adj. + for sb + to do 对某人来说做某事是......的 - talk about 谈论 - e.g. ____________ is important for us to learn English.（It） 5. This sometimes influences their personal relationships. 这有时会影响他们的人际关系。 - influence v. 影响；n. 影响（侧重潜移默化的影响） - 【辨析】influence 与 affect - influence 影响（侧重对行为、性格、思想的影响） - affect 影响（侧重对事物的直接、明显的影响） - personal adj. 个人的，私人的 - relationship n. 关系 - e.g. What he said ____________ my decision.（influence） 6. The new park is open. 新公园开放了。 - open adj. 开放的；开着的；v. 打开 - e.g. The shop is ____________ from 9 am to 9 pm.（open） 7. The Cloud Coaster sounds exciting! 云端过山车听起来很刺激！ - sound v. 听起来（感官动词，后接形容词） - exciting adj. 令人兴奋的（修饰物） - 【辨析】exciting 与 excited - exciting 令人兴奋的（修饰物） - excited 感到兴奋的（修饰人） - e.g. The movie is ____________. I feel ____________.（exciting / excited） 8. It has the highest roller coaster in our city. 它有我们城市最高的过山车。 - highest 最高的（high的最高级） - roller coaster 过山车 - in + 地点 表示“在......之中”的最高级范围 9. It can make you feel like you're above the clouds! 它能让你感觉像是在云端之上！ - make you feel 让你感觉（make sb do） - above prep. 在......上方 - e.g. The plane is flying ____________ the clouds.（above） 10. Let's buy our tickets now. 我们现在买票吧。 - Let's do 让我们做......吧（提建议） - e.g. ____________ go to the park.（Let's） 11. I guess I'm just scared. 我想我只是害怕。 - guess v. 猜测，想 - scared adj. 害怕的（= afraid） - be scared of 害怕 - e.g. She is ____________ of snakes.（scared / afraid） 12. My friends were so excited about riding the roller coaster. 我的朋友们对坐过山车非常兴奋。 - be excited about 对......感到兴奋 - about 是介词，后接动名词 - e.g. I am excited ____________ the trip.（about） 13. I didn't want to make them disappointed. 我不想让他们失望。 - make sb + adj. 使某人...... - disappointed adj. 失望的（修饰人） - e.g. The news ____________ me sad.（make） 14. You should tell your friends that you're afraid of heights. 你应该告诉你的朋友你恐高。 - should 应该（表示建议） - tell sb that... 告诉某人...... - be afraid of 害怕（后接名词/动名词） - afraid adj. 害怕的 - e.g. I ____________ afraid of darkness.（be） 15. You can't always hide your feelings to please others. 你不能总是为了取悦别人而隐藏自己的感受。 - hide v. 隐藏（过去式 hid，过去分词 hidden） - feelings n. 感受，感情（常用复数） - please v. 取悦；使满意 - e.g. She tried to ____________ her sadness.（hide） - e.g. He always tries to ____________ his parents.（please） 16. What if they never speak to me again? 如果他们再也不跟我说话了怎么办？ - What if...? 如果......怎么办？（引导疑问句） - speak to 对......说话 - e.g. ____________ if I fail the exam?（What） 17. You can still do things together. 你们仍然可以一起做事。 - still adv. 仍然，还 - together adv. 一起 - e.g. We often go to school ____________.（together） 18. Just say sorry and explain why. 只要说抱歉并解释原因。 - say sorry 说抱歉 - explain v. 解释（过去式 explained） - explain + 疑问词 + 不定式 / 从句 - e.g. Please ____________ why you were late.（explain） 19. True friends will respect your feelings. 真正的朋友会尊重你的感受。 - true adj. 真正的 - respect v. 尊重；n. 尊敬 - e.g. We should ____________ our teachers.（respect） 20. The tone of a speaker's voice can tell us how they feel. 说话者的语调可以告诉我们他们的感受。 - tone n. 语调，语气 - tell v. 告诉；辨别 - how + 主语 + 动词（宾语从句） - e.g. The ____________ of his voice sounds angry.（tone） 21. For example, when someone says “fine” with a cheerful tone, it means they are happy. 例如，当某人用愉快的语调说“很好”时，这意味着他们很快乐。 - cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的 - tone n. 语调 - mean v. 意思是 - e.g. She has a ____________ smile.（cheerful） 22. However, an uncertain tone might show doubt. 然而，不确定的语调可能表示怀疑。 - uncertain adj. 不确定的（由un- + certain构成） - show v. 显示，表明 - doubt n. 怀疑；v. 怀疑 - e.g. I am ____________ about the result.（uncertain） 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. some kind of ____________ 2. _________________________________ 对......的恐惧 3. a fear of heights ____________ 4. _________________________________ 参加社交活动 5. talk about one's fears ____________ 6. _________________________________ 个人关系 7. be excited about ____________ 8. _________________________________ 我们城市最高的过山车 9. above the clouds ____________ 10. _________________________________ 买票 11. be scared of ____________ 12. _________________________________ 让某人失望 13. be afraid of ____________ 14. _________________________________ 隐藏你的感受 15. please others ____________ 16. _________________________________ 如果他们再也不跟我说话了怎么办？ 17. do things together ____________ 18. _________________________________ 说抱歉 19. respect your feelings ____________ 20. _________________________________ 愉快的语调 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. She has a ______ of darkness. A. fear B. scare C. afraid D. fearful ( ) 2. The price ______ tax. A. include B. includes C. contain D. contains ( ) 3. He ______ a meeting yesterday. A. joined B. took part in C. attended D. joined in ( ) 4. ______ is important for us to learn English. A. That B. This C. It D. What ( ) 5. The movie is ______. I feel ______. A. exciting; excited B. excited; exciting C. exciting; exciting D. excited; excited ( ) 6. She is ______ of snakes. A. scare B. scared C. scary D. scaring ( ) 7. I am excited ______ the trip. A. about B. for C. of D. at ( ) 8. The news ______ me sad. A. make B. makes C. made D. making ( ) 9. ______ if I fail the exam? A. How B. What C. Where D. When ( ) 10. Please ______ why you were late. A. say B. speak C. explain D. tell ( ) 11. We should ______ our teachers. A. respect B. disrespect C. respected D. respecting ( ) 12. The plane is flying ______ the clouds. A. on B. over C. above D. up ( ) 13. The shop is ______ from 9 am to 9 pm. A. opened B. opening C. open D. opens ( ) 14. She tried to ______ her sadness. A. hide B. hid C. hidden D. hiding ( ) 15. I am ______ about the result. A. certain B. uncertain C. surely D. unsure 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 许多人都有某种恐惧。 Many people have ____________ kind of ____________. 2. 恐高是一种常见的恐惧。 A ____________ of ____________ is a common fear. 3. 谈论我们的恐惧是很困难的。 It is difficult to ____________ about our ____________. 4. 这有时会影响人际关系。 This sometimes ____________ personal ____________. 5. 新公园开放了。 The new park ____________ ____________. 6. 它让我们城市最高的过山车。 It has the ____________ roller coaster in our city. 7. 它能让你感觉像在云端之上。 It can make you feel like you're ____________ the clouds. 8. 我想我只是害怕。 I ____________ I'm just ____________. 9. 我的朋友们对坐过山车非常兴奋。 My friends were so ____________ about ____________ the roller coaster. 10. 我不想让他们失望。 I didn't want to ____________ them ____________. 11. 你应该告诉你的朋友你恐高。 You should ____________ your friends that you're ____________ of heights. 12. 你不能总是隐藏自己的感受。 You can't always ____________ your ____________. 13. 如果他们再也不跟我说话了怎么办？ ____________ if they never ____________ to me again? 14. 你们仍然可以一起做事。 You can ____________ do things ____________. 15. 真正的朋友会尊重你的感受。 ____________ friends will ____________ your feelings. 16. 说话者的语调可以告诉我们他们的感受。 The ____________ of a speaker's voice can ____________ us how they feel. 17. 例如，愉快的语调意味着快乐。 For example, a ____________ tone ____________ happiness. 18. 我害怕在公众面前说话。 I ____________ afraid of ____________ in public. 19. 她试图解释原因。 She tried to ____________ the reason. 20. 为了取悦别人，他做了很多事。 To ____________ others, he did many things. 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | fear | include | attend | influence | excited | scared | hide | please | respect | uncertain | 1. Many people have a ____________ of heights. 2. The price ____________ tax. 3. He ____________ a meeting yesterday. 4. His words ____________ my decision. 5. The children are ____________ about the trip. 6. I am ____________ of speaking in public. 7. She tried to ____________ her feelings. 8. He always tries to ____________ his parents. 9. We should ____________ our teachers. 10. I am ____________ about the result. B | fear | include | attend | influence | excited | scared | hide | please | respect | uncertain | My friend Paul has a 1.____________ of heights. He is 2.____________ of going on roller coasters. But his friends were very 3.____________ about riding the new roller coaster. Paul didn't want to 4.____________ his feelings. He wanted to 5.____________ his friends. I told him, “You should tell your friends. True friends will 6.____________ your feelings. You can't always 7.____________ your fears to 8.____________ others. What if you don't tell them? That might 9.____________ your friendship.” His friends understood. They still 10.____________ activities together. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. It is often difficult for people ____________ (talk) about their fears. 2. This sometimes ____________ (influence) their personal relationships. 3. The Cloud Coaster ____________ (sound) exciting! 4. It has the ____________ (high) roller coaster in our city. 5. My friends were so ____________ (excite) about riding the roller coaster. 6. I didn't want to make them ____________ (disappoint). 7. You can't always hide your ____________ (feel) to please others. 8. Just say ____________ (sorry) and explain why. 9. True friends will respect ____________ (you) feelings. 10. She is ____________ (scare) of speaking in public. 11. The ____________ (speak) tone of voice can tell us how they feel. 12. I am ____________ (certain) about the answer. 13. He ____________ (hide) his sadness behind a smile. 14. They are still ____________ (do) things together. 15. Please ____________ (explain) why you were late. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $