Unit 2 Getting along-Starting out课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

本讲义聚焦“人际交往”主题，系统梳理核心词汇（如cooperation, share）、语法结构（部分否定Not everyone、定语从句the way you think、祈使句+and结构）及短语辨析（alone/lonely, agree with/to/on等），构建从语言知识理解到实际运用（用现在完成时讲故事、创作相处指南）的学习支架。 该资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，通过对比辨析（如alone与lonely的主客观差异）引导学生精准运用语言，任务驱动（创作相处指南）提升学习能力。课中系统的知识点梳理辅助教师高效授课，课后综合练习（单选、填空、选词）帮助学生巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 2 Getting along Starting out 【课文要点】 1. Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 - do to 对......做（某事） - what you do not want 你不想要的（what引导宾语从句，作do的宾语） - e.g. Please don‘t do that ____________ me again.（to） 2. Not everyone thinks the way you think, knows the things you know, or would act the way you would act. 不是每个人的想法、认知或行为方式都和你一样。 - Not everyone 不是每个人（部分否定） - the way you think 你想问题的方式（定语从句，省略that） - would act 会行事（would表示习惯或意愿） - e.g. ____________ likes this movie.（Not everyone） 3. Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people. 记住这一点，你在与人相处方面就会大有进步。 - 祈使句 + and + 陈述句 表示“如果......就......” - go a long way 大有帮助，大有进步 - get along with 与......相处 - getting along with people 与人相处（动名词短语作宾语） - e.g. Work hard, ____________ you will succeed.（and） 4. We need people, we need the cooperation of others. 我们需要他人，我们需要他人的合作。 - cooperation n. 合作（由co- + operation构成） - cooperate v. 合作 - cooperate with 与......合作 - e.g. We should ____________ with each other.（cooperate） 5. There is very little we can do alone. 我们独自一人能做的事情很少。 - little adj. 很少（修饰不可数名词） - we can do 我们能做的（定语从句，修饰little） - alone adv. 独自地（强调没有他人陪伴）；adj. 独自的 - 【辨析】alone 与 lonely - alone 独自的/地（客观状态） - lonely 孤独的（主观感受） - e.g. He lives ____________, but he doesn't feel ____________.（alone / lonely） 6. What are the quotes about? 这些名言是关于什么的？ - quote n. 引言，引语 - be about 关于 - e.g. This book is ____________ friendship.（about） 7. Which quote do you agree with most? 你最同意哪句名言？ - agree with 同意（某人或某人的观点） - 【辨析】agree with / agree to / agree on - agree with 同意（人、观点、意见） - agree to 同意（计划、建议、安排） - agree on 就......达成一致 - e.g. I ____________ you on this point.（agree with） - e.g. They ____________ the plan at last.（agree to） 8. Look at the picture and answer the questions. 看图片并回答问题。 - look at 看（强调动作） - answer v. 回答；n. 答案 - answer to ......的答案 - e.g. Please ____________ the blackboard.（look at） 9. Do you have any problems in getting along with others? 你在与他人相处方面有任何问题吗？ - have problems in doing 在做某事方面有问题 - in 可省略 - others pron. 其他人（泛指） - 【辨析】other, others, another, the other - other 其他的（后接名词） - others 其他人/物（代词，泛指） - another 另一个（三者及以上） - the other 另一个（两者中的另一个） - e.g. I have some ____________ in learning English.（problem） 10. Can you share one with the class? 你能和全班分享一个吗？ - share v. 分享 - share...with 与......分享...... - e.g. I want to ____________ my story ____________ you.（share...with） 11. By the end of this unit, you will create a guide for getting along with others. 到本单元结束时，你将创作一份与他人相处的指南。 - by the end of 到......结束时（常与将来时或完成时连用） - at the end of 在......末尾（表示时间或位置） - in the end 最后，终于 - create v. 创作，创造 - guide n. 指南，指导 - e.g. We will finish the project ____________ the end of this month.（by） 12. After completing the unit, you will be able to: 完成本单元后，你将能够： - After completing 介词+动名词 - be able to 能够（有能力做某事，可用于各种时态） - 【辨析】be able to 与 can - be able to 强调通过努力获得的能力，可用于各种时态 - can 强调本身具备的能力，只有现在时和过去式（could） - e.g. She ____________ speak three languages.（be able to / can） 13. Use words and expressions in the unit to talk about relationships. 使用本单元的词汇和表达来谈论人际关系。 - use...to do 用......来做...... - relationship n. 关系 - relate v. 有关联；relative n. 亲戚 - e.g. We should use our knowledge ____________ solve problems.（to） 14. Use the present perfect tense to tell stories of sharing. 使用现在完成时来讲述分享的故事。 - present perfect tense 现在完成时 - structure：have / has + 过去分词 - share v. 分享；n. 一份 - e.g. I ____________ already ____________ this story with her.（tell / present perfect） 15. Share your thoughts on how to get along with others. 分享你关于如何与他人相处的想法。 - thoughts n. 想法，看法（常用复数） - on prep. 关于（= about） - how to do 如何做（疑问词+不定式） - e.g. What are your ____________ on this matter?（thought） 16. What do you think is the most important thing when making friends? 你认为交朋友时最重要的是什么？ - do you think 插入语（用于特殊疑问句） - the most important 最重要的（最高级） - when making friends 交朋友时（when + 动名词，时间状语） - e.g. Who ____________ you think is the best student?（do） 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. get along with ____________ 2. _________________________________ 己所不欲，勿施于人 3. the way you think ____________ 4. _________________________________ 大有进步 5. cooperation of others ____________ 6. _________________________________ 同意某人 7. have problems in doing ____________ 8. _________________________________ 与某人分享 9. by the end of ____________ 10. _________________________________ 在......末尾 11. be able to ____________ 12. _________________________________ 用......来做...... 13. talk about relationships ____________ 14. _________________________________ 现在完成时 15. tell stories of sharing ____________ 16. _________________________________ 分享你的想法 17. make friends ____________ 18. _________________________________ 与......合作 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. Please don‘t do that ______ me again. A. to B. for C. with D. on ( ) 2. ______ likes this movie. Some people think it’s boring. A. Everyone B. Not everyone C. Someone D. No one ( ) 3. Work hard, ______ you will succeed. A. or B. but C. and D. so ( ) 4. We should ______ with each other to finish the work. A. cooperate B. cooperation C. cooperative D. cooperates ( ) 5. He lives ______, but he never feels ______. A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone ( ) 6. I ______ you on this point. A. agree to B. agree on C. agree with D. agree for ( ) 7. They finally ______ the plan. A. agreed to B. agreed with C. agreed on D. agreed for ( ) 8. I want to share my story ______ you. A. to B. for C. with D. on ( ) 9. We will finish the project ______ the end of this month. A. in B. at C. by D. on ( ) 10. She ______ speak English very well. A. can B. is able to C. could D. was able to ( ) 11. What are your ______ on this matter? A. thought B. thoughts C. think D. thinks ( ) 12. Who ______ you think is the best student? A. are B. do C. is D. does ( ) 13. I have some ______ in learning English. A. problem B. problems C. question D. questions ( ) 14. This book is ______ friendship. A. for B. with C. about D. of ( ) 15. There is very ______ water left in the bottle. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 ____________ do to others what you do not want others to do to you. 2. 不是每个人的想法都和你一样。 ____________ thinks the way you think. 3. 记住这一点，你在与人相处方面就会大有进步。 Remember this and you will ____________ a long way in ____________ along with people. 4. 我们需要他人的合作。 We need the ____________ of others. 5. 我们独自一人能做的事情很少。 There is very ____________ we can do ____________. 6. 这本书是关于什么的？ What is this book ____________? 7. 你最同意哪句名言？ Which quote do you ____________ with most? 8. 你在与他人相处方面有任何问题吗？ Do you have any ____________ in ____________ along with others? 9. 你能和全班分享一个吗？ Can you ____________ one ____________ the class? 10. 到本单元结束时，你将创作一份指南。 ____________ the end of this unit, you will ____________ a guide. 11. 完成本单元后，你将能够使用现在完成时。 ____________ completing this unit, you will ____________ able to use the present perfect tense. 12. 使用这些词汇来谈论人际关系。 ____________ these words to ____________ about relationships. 13. 分享你关于如何与他人相处的想法。 ____________ your ____________ on how to get along with others. 14. 你认为交朋友时最重要的是什么？ What ____________ you think is the most important thing ____________ making friends? 15. 他独自生活，但并不感到孤独。 He lives ____________, but he doesn't feel ____________. 16. 我们应该与同学好好相处。 We should ____________ ____________ well with our classmates. 17. 我最同意孔子的名言。 I ____________ ____________ Confucius' quote most. 18. 在与人合作方面，沟通很重要。 Communication is important in ____________ with others. 19. 我已经把这个故事分享给我的朋友了。 I ____________ already ____________ this story with my friend. 20. 你能告诉我如何与他人相处吗？ Can you tell me how ____________ ____________ along with others? 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | alone | lonely | cooperate | agree | share | problem | quote | thought | create | relationship | 1. We need to ____________ with each other to finish the work. 2. I ____________ with you on this matter. 3. She lives ____________, but she has many friends. 4. He feels ____________ because he has no friends. 5. Can you ____________ your food with me? 6. I have a ____________ in getting along with others. 7. This is my favorite ____________ from Confucius. 8. What are your ____________ on this topic? 9. We should ____________ a better environment. 10. Good ____________ with others is important. B | alone | lonely | cooperate | agree | share | problem | quote | thought | create | relationship | Getting along with others is very important in our life. But sometimes we have 1.____________. Not everyone thinks the way we think. We need to learn to 2.____________ with others. Confucius has a famous 3.____________: “Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.” I 4.____________ with this idea. We should 5.____________ our happiness with others. We cannot do everything 6.____________. We need help from others. Good 7.____________ make our life easier. If we feel 8.____________, we can talk to our friends. My 9.____________ on this is that we should be kind and honest. Let's work together to 10.____________ a friendly world! 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Do not do to others what you ____________ (not want) others to do to you. 2. Remember this and you ____________ (go) a long way. 3. We need the ____________ (cooperate) of others. 4. There is very ____________ (little) we can do alone. 5. I have some ____________ (problem) in getting along with others. 6. Can you share one with ____________ (we)? 7. By the end of this unit, you ____________ (create) a guide. 8. I ____________ (already / share) this story with my friend. 9. What do you think ____________ (be) the most important thing? 10. She is able ____________ (speak) three languages. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $