外研版八年级上册Unit 2 Getting along-Developing ideas-Reading for writing课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“邻里相处”主题，以“六尺巷”故事为载体，系统梳理核心词汇（如“letter”“neighbour”“kindness”）、高频短语（如“far away”“in return”“give up”）及语法点（如介词+动名词、复合形容词、现在完成时），构建从词汇理解到语法运用的学习支架。 该资料亮点在于融合文化意识与语言能力培养，通过“六尺巷”故事渗透友善互助的传统美德，助力学生增强家国情怀。设计词义辨析（如“ashamed”与“shameful”）、多样练习（单项选择、完成句子等），培养思维品质与学习能力，课中辅助教师情境化教学，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Unit 2 Getting along Developing ideas-Reading for writing 【课文要点】 1. A letter from far away just for a wall / Is not right or good at all. 一封远道而来的信，只为了一堵墙，这完全不对也不好。 - letter n. 信 - far away 遥远的 - at all 根本，全然（用于否定句加强语气） - e.g. I don't like it ____________.（at all） 2. Three chi to your neighbour as a gift / Is nothing as time continues to drift. 三尺之地赠予邻居作为礼物，随着时光流逝，这算不了什么。 - chi n. 尺（中国长度单位） - neighbour n. 邻居 - as a gift 作为礼物 - as time continues to drift 随着时光流逝（drift v. 漂流，流逝） - e.g. She gave the book to me ____________ a gift.（as） 3. After reading it, the Zhang family felt ashamed. 读完信后，张家感到很羞愧。 - After reading it 介词+动名词，表示“在读完它之后” - ashamed adj. 羞愧的，惭愧的 - feel ashamed 感到羞愧 - 【辨析】ashamed 与 shameful - ashamed 感到羞愧的（修饰人） - shameful 可耻的（修饰事物） - e.g. I felt ____________ for my mistake.（ashamed） 4. They stepped back three chi for their neighbour. 他们为邻居退让了三尺。 - step back 后退，退让 - for prep. 为了 - e.g. We should ____________ back and think about it.（step） 5. This act deeply moved the Wu family. 这一举动深深感动了吴家。 - act n. 行为，举动 - deeply adv. 深深地 - move v. 感动；移动 - e.g. The story ____________ me deeply.（move） 6. In return, they decided to do the same thing. 作为回报，他们决定做同样的事情。 - in return 作为回报 - decide to do 决定做某事 - e.g. He helped me, and ____________, I helped him.（in return） 7. They gave up another three chi. 他们又让出了三尺。 - give up 放弃；让出 - another pron. 另一个（三者及以上） - e.g. Don't ____________ up your dreams.（give） 8. And so came the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses. 于是两座房子之间就有了这条六尺宽的巷子。 - six-chi-wide 六尺宽的（复合形容词） - lane n. 小巷，胡同 - between...and... 在......和......之间 - e.g. The school is ____________ the bank and the post office.（between） 9. Hundreds of years have passed since then. 从那时起，数百年已经过去了。 - hundreds of 数百的（表示概数） - have passed 已经过去了（现在完成时） - since then 从那时起 - e.g. ____________ of people visited the museum.（Hundreds） 10. The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind. 桐城人仍然把这首诗记在心里。 - keep...in mind 把......记在心里 - poem n. 诗 - e.g. Please ____________ this in mind.（keep） 11. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness. 每当他们走过这条巷子，他们都会记得友善如何鼓励更多的友善。 - Whenever 每当（引导时间状语从句） - walk down 沿着......走 - kindness n. 善良，友善（由kind + -ness构成） - encourage v. 鼓励 - encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做某事 - e.g. ____________ I see her, she smiles at me.（Whenever） - e.g. The teacher ____________ us to study hard.（encourage） 12. Writers may use other people's words to make their ideas stronger and more believable. 作家可能会借用他人的话来使他们的观点更有力和更可信。 - make + 宾语 + 形容词 使...... - believable adj. 可信的（由believe + -able构成） - e.g. The story is very ____________.（believable） 13. Understanding them helps us know the theme better. 理解它们有助于我们更好地理解主题。 - Understanding them 动名词短语作主语 - theme n. 主题 - e.g. ____________ English helps us communicate with others.（Learn） 14. What did the two families argue about? 这两家人为了什么而争吵？ - argue about 为......而争吵 - e.g. They ____________ about the problem.（argue） 15. Who did the Zhang family ask for advice? 张家向谁寻求了建议？ - ask for advice 寻求建议 - advice n. 建议（不可数名词） - a piece of advice 一条建议 - e.g. I want to ____________ your advice.（ask for） 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. far away ____________ 2. _________________________________ 作为礼物 3. as time continues to drift ____________ 4. _________________________________ 感到羞愧 5. step back ____________ 6. _________________________________ 这一举动深深感动了...... 7. in return ____________ 8. _________________________________ 决定做同样的事 9. give up ____________ 10. _________________________________ 六尺宽的巷子 11. between the two houses ____________ 12. _________________________________ 数百年 13. since then ____________ 14. _________________________________ 把......记在心里 15. walk down the lane ____________ 16. _________________________________ 友善鼓励更多的友善 17. make ideas stronger ____________ 18. _________________________________ 理解主题 19. argue about ____________ 20. _________________________________ 寻求建议 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. I don't like it ______. A. at all B. after all C. in all D. above all ( ) 2. She gave the book to me ______ a gift. A. for B. as C. of D. with ( ) 3. I felt ______ for my mistake. A. shame B. shameful C. ashamed D. shaming ( ) 4. The story ______ me deeply. A. moves B. moved C. moving D. was moved ( ) 5. He helped me, and ______, I helped him. A. in return B. in turn C. by return D. for return ( ) 6. Don't ______ up your dreams. A. give B. gave C. given D. giving ( ) 7. The school is ______ the bank and the post office. A. in B. among C. between D. on ( ) 8. ______ of people visited the museum. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. A hundred D. The hundred ( ) 9. Please ______ this in mind. A. take B. bring C. keep D. hold ( ) 10. ______ I see her, she smiles at me. A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. However ( ) 11. The teacher ______ us to study hard. A. courage B. encourages C. courageously D. encouraged ( ) 12. The story is very ______. A. believe B. believed C. believable D. believing ( ) 13. ______ English helps us communicate with others. A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learning ( ) 14. I want to ______ your advice. A. ask for B. ask about C. ask to D. ask of ( ) 15. We should ______ back and think about it. A. step B. steps C. stepped D. stepping 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 一封远道而来的信。 A letter from ____________ ____________. 2. 我根本不喜欢它。 I don't like it ____________ ____________. 3. 他感到非常羞愧。 He felt very ____________. 4. 他们为邻居退让了三尺。 They ____________ back three chi ____________ their neighbour. 5. 这个故事深深地感动了我。 The story ____________ me ____________. 6. 作为回报，他帮了我。 ____________ ____________, he helped me. 7. 他们决定做同样的事情。 They ____________ to do the ____________ thing. 8. 不要放弃你的梦想。 Don't ____________ up your ____________. 9. 学校在银行和邮局之间。 The school is ____________ the bank and the post office. 10. 数百年已经过去了。 ____________ of years have ____________. 11. 从那时起，他改变了很多。 ____________ then, he has changed a lot. 12. 请把这记在心里。 Please ____________ this ____________ mind. 13. 每当走过这条巷子，他们就会想起这个故事。 ____________ they walk down the lane, they remember the story. 14. 友善鼓励更多的友善。 ____________ encourages more kindness. 15. 作家借用他人的话来使观点更有力。 Writers use other people's words to ____________ their ideas ____________. 16. 理解主题有助于我们更好地理解故事。 Understanding the ____________ helps us understand the story ____________. 17. 这两家人为了什么争吵？ What did the two families ____________ about? 18. 我向你寻求建议。 I ____________ you for ____________. 19. 他们决定做同样的事情。 They ____________ to do the same thing. 20. 这个故事是关于邻里之间的理解的。 This story is about ____________ between neighbours. 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | ashamed | move | return | give | between | hundreds | keep | whenever | encourage | advice | 1. She felt ____________ for her mistake. 2. The film ____________ me to tears. 3. In ____________, she gave me a gift. 4. Don't ____________ up your dreams. 5. The park is ____________ the school and the hospital. 6. ____________ of students took part in the activity. 7. Please ____________ this in mind. 8. ____________ I see him, he says hello. 9. My parents ____________ me to study hard. 10. Can you give me some ____________? B | ashamed | move | return | give | between | hundreds | keep | whenever | encourage | advice | The story of Liuchixiang is very famous. It happened 1.____________ the Zhang family and the Wu family. They argued about a wall. The Zhang family wrote a letter to ask for 2.____________. After reading the reply, they felt 3.____________ and stepped back three chi. This act 4.____________ the Wu family. In 5.____________, they did the same thing. They 6.____________ up another three chi. 7.____________ of years have passed since then. 8.____________ people walk down the lane, they 9.____________ the story in mind. It 10.____________ us to be kind to others. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. After ____________ (read) the letter, they felt ashamed. 2. The story ____________ (move) me deeply. 3. They ____________ (decide) to do the same thing. 4. Hundreds of years ____________ (pass) since then. 5. The people of Tongcheng still ____________ (keep) the poem in mind. 6. They walked down the lane and ____________ (remember) the story. 7. Kindness ____________ (encourage) more kindness. 8. The teacher encourages us ____________ (study) hard. 9. The story is ____________ (believe). 10. ____________ (understand) the theme helps us know the story better. 11. I want to ask for your ____________ (advise). 12. They ____________ (argue) about the wall at that time. 13. She ____________ (give) up her seat to the old man. 14. We often ____________ (step) back and think about problems. 15. He ____________ (feel) ashamed for his words. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $