Unit 2 Getting along-Understanding ideas-Reading课文要点讲义2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义围绕“巨人的花园”阅读文本，系统梳理核心词汇（如giant, soft）、语法点（现在完成时“has been away”、感叹句“How selfish!”）及高频短语（here and there, run away），构建从基础认知到语境应用的递进式学习支架，辅助学生逐步理解文本内涵。 该资料以故事语境整合语言知识，通过例句填空、短语互译及综合练习（如none与no one辨析），提升学生语言能力与思维品质，同时借助巨人从自私到分享的转变渗透情感教育，培养文化意识。课中助力教师系统授课，课后多样化练习帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Unit 2 Getting along Understanding ideas-Reading 【课文要点】 1. Every afternoon, the children play in the Giant's garden. 每天下午，孩子们都在巨人的花园里玩耍。 - play v. 玩耍；演奏；扮演 - giant n. 巨人；adj. 巨大的 - e.g. The children are ____________ in the park.（play） 2. It is a large garden with soft, green grass. 那是一个长着柔软绿草的大花园。 - soft adj. 柔软的；温柔的 - grass n. 草（不可数名词） - e.g. She has ____________ hair.（soft） 3. Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars. 草地上到处盛开着像星星一样美丽的花。 - Here and there 到处，各处 - stand v. 站立；位于（此处为倒装结构） - like prep. 像；例如 - e.g. There are flowers ____________ in the garden.（here and there） 4. The Giant has been away for a long time. 巨人已经离开很长时间了。 - has been away 现在完成时，表示“已经离开” - be away 离开（表状态） - for + 一段时间 与现在完成时连用 - e.g. He ____________ away from home for three years.（be） 5. One day, he comes back and sees the children in his garden. 有一天，他回来了，看到孩子们在他的花园里。 - come back 回来 - see sb + 介词短语 看见某人在某处 - e.g. I will ____________ back soon.（come） 6. “What are you doing here?” he shouts in a very angry voice. “你们在这里做什么？”他用非常愤怒的声音喊道。 - in a ... voice 用......的声音 - angry adj. 生气的（→ angrily adv. 生气地） - get angry 生气 - e.g. She spoke ____________ a loud voice.（in） 7. The children run away. 孩子们跑掉了。 - run away 跑掉，逃走 - e.g. The dog ____________ away when it saw me.（run） 8. The Giant closes the gate and builds a high wall around the garden. 巨人关上大门，在花园周围建起了一堵高墙。 - close v. 关闭（→ closed adj. 关闭的） - gate n. 大门 - build v. 建造（过去式 built） - build...around 在......周围建造 - e.g. They ____________ a new house last year.（build） 9. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. 从那以后，他在那里再也没有看到过孩子。 - Since then 从那时起（与现在完成时连用） - hasn't seen 现在完成时的否定形式 - e.g. I ____________ seen her since last year.（not see） 10. Then spring comes. But in the Giant's garden, it is still winter. 春天来了。但在巨人的花园里，仍然是冬天。 - spring n. 春天；泉水 - still adv. 仍然，还 - e.g. It is ____________ raining outside.（still） 11. “I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year,” says the Giant. “我不明白为什么从去年起春天就没来过，”巨人说。 - understand v. 理解（过去式 understood） - why spring has not come 为什么春天没来（宾语从句） - since last year 从去年起（与现在完成时连用） - e.g. Do you ____________ what I mean?（understand） 12. But spring never comes, nor summer. 但春天从未到来，夏天也没有。 - nor conj. 也不（用于否定句后，表示“也不”） - neither...nor... 既不......也不...... - e.g. I don‘t like it, ____________ does she.（nor） 13. Autumn gives golden fruit to every other garden. But it gives none to the Giant’s garden. 秋天把金色的果实赠予其他每一个花园，但巨人的花园却什么都没有。 - give...to 把......给...... - every other 其他每一个 - none pron. 没有一个（指三者及以上） - 【辨析】none 与 no one - none 没有一个（既可指人也可指物，常与of连用） - no one 没有人（只指人，不接of） - e.g. ____________ of them came to the party.（None） 14. One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. 一天早上，巨人突然听到鸟儿在唱歌。 - hear sb doing 听到某人在做某事（强调正在做） - hear sb do 听到某人做了某事（强调整个过程） - e.g. I heard her ____________ in the next room.（sing / singing） 15. “I haven‘t heard that beautiful birdsong for a while.” “我有一阵子没听到那美妙的鸟鸣声了。” - birdsong n. 鸟鸣声（由bird + song构成） - for a while 一会儿，一阵子 - e.g. I haven’t seen him ____________ a while.（for） 16. I believe spring has come at last. 我相信春天终于来了。 - believe v. 相信 - at last 最后，终于（= finally / in the end） - e.g. He arrived ____________ last.（at） 17. The Giant jumps out of bed and looks outside. 巨人跳下床，向外看去。 - jump out of 从......跳出来 - outside adv. 在外面（反义词 inside） - e.g. He ____________ out of the window.（jump） 18. Also, there is a little child in every tree. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 每棵树上都有一个小孩子。树木非常高兴，它们开满了花。 - so...that... 如此......以至于...... - cover...with 用......覆盖 - e.g. She is ____________ kind that everyone likes her.（so） - e.g. We ____________ the table with a cloth.（cover） 19. “How selfish I've been!” he says. “Now I know why spring wouldn't come here.” “我多么自私啊！”他说，“现在我知道为什么春天不愿意来这里了。” - How selfish! 感叹句：How + adj./adv. + 主语 + 谓语！ - selfish adj. 自私的（→ unselfish adj. 无私的） - wouldn't 表示“不愿意”（过去将来时） - e.g. ____________ beautiful the flower is!（How） 20. He knocks down the wall. 他推倒了墙。 - knock down 推倒，拆除 - e.g. They ____________ the old house.（knock down） 21. “Fear not, little ones,” the Giant says. “It's your garden now.” “别害怕，小家伙们，”巨人说，“现在这是你们的花园了。” - Fear not = Don't be afraid（别害怕，古英语用法） - little ones 小家伙们（指孩子们） - e.g. The ____________ ones need our care.（little） 【高频短语汇总】中英互译 1. here and there ____________ 2. _________________________________ 一片长着柔软绿草的大花园 3. be away ____________ 4. _________________________________ 回来 5. in a very angry voice ____________ 6. _________________________________ 跑掉 7. build a high wall around ____________ 8. _________________________________ 从那以后 9. since last year ____________ 10. _________________________________ 春天从未到来 11. every other garden ____________ 12. _________________________________ 给......金色的果实 13. hear birds singing ____________ 14. _________________________________ 一阵子 15. at last ____________ 16. _________________________________ 从床上跳下来 17. cover...with ____________ 18. _________________________________ 多么自私啊！ 19. knock down ____________ 20. _________________________________ 别害怕 综合练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. The children ______ in the garden every afternoon. A. play B. plays C. played D. playing ( ) 2. She spoke ______ a loud voice. A. with B. on C. at D. in ( ) 3. The dog ______ away when it saw me. A. run B. runs C. ran D. running ( ) 4. They ______ a new school last year. A. build B. builds C. built D. building ( ) 5. I ______ her since last year. A. didn't see B. don't see C. haven't seen D. won't see ( ) 6. I don't like it, ______ does she. A. neither B. either C. nor D. also ( ) 7. ______ of them came to the party. They were all busy. A. No one B. None C. Neither D. Both ( ) 8. I heard her ______ in the next room just now. A. sings B. sang C. singing D. sung ( ) 9. She is ______ kind that everyone likes her. A. very B. so C. too D. such ( ) 10. ______ beautiful the flower is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 11. I haven't seen him ______ a while. A. for B. since C. in D. at ( ) 12. He arrived ______ last. A. in B. at C. for D. / ( ) 13. We ______ the old house to build a new one. A. knocked down B. knocked off C. knocked on D. knocked into ( ) 14. The trees have covered themselves ______ flowers. A. in B. with C. of D. by ( ) 15. The Giant ______ away for a long time. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 二、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 孩子们每天下午在花园里玩耍。 The children ____________ in the garden every afternoon. 2. 他离开了很长时间。 He ____________ ____________ away for a long time. 3. 她用愤怒的声音喊道。 She shouted ____________ a very ____________ voice. 4. 孩子们跑掉了。 The children ____________ ____________. 5. 他在花园周围建了一堵高墙。 He ____________ a high wall ____________ the garden. 6. 从那以后，我再也没有见过她。 ____________ then, I ____________ seen her. 7. 春天来了，但花园里仍然是冬天。 Spring ____________, but in the garden it is ____________ winter. 8. 我不明白为什么春天没来。 I cannot ____________ why spring has not come. 9. 春天从未到来，夏天也没有。 Spring never comes, ____________ summer. 10. 秋天给其他每一个花园金色的果实。 Autumn ____________ golden fruit ____________ every other garden. 11. 一天早上，巨人听到鸟儿在唱歌。 One morning, the Giant ____________ birds ____________. 12. 我相信春天终于来了。 I ____________ spring has come ____________ last. 13. 树非常高兴，它们开满了花。 The trees are ____________ glad that they have covered themselves ____________ flowers. 14. 我多么自私啊！ ____________ selfish I ____________ been! 15. 他推倒了墙。 He ____________ ____________ the wall. 16. 别害怕，小家伙们。 ____________ not, little ____________. 17. 这是你们的花园了。 It is ____________ garden now. 18. 我相信他能完成这项工作。 I ____________ that he can finish the work. 19. 桌子上覆盖着一层灰。 The table is ____________ with dust. 20. 你听到有人在唱歌吗？ Do you ____________ anyone ____________? 三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的单词填空，注意形式变化） A | giant | selfish | spring | knock | none | believe | cover | soft | understand | build | 1. The ____________ is very tall and strong. 2. She is very ____________. She only thinks about herself. 3. ____________ is my favorite season. 4. Please ____________ the door before you come in. 5. ____________ of them knew the answer. 6. I ____________ that you are right. 7. Snow ____________ the ground. 8. This bed is very ____________. 9. Do you ____________ what I mean? 10. They ____________ a new bridge over the river. B | giant | selfish | spring | knock | none | believe | cover | soft | understand | build | Once upon a time, there was a 1.____________. He had a beautiful garden with 2.____________ green grass and beautiful flowers. Every afternoon, children came to play in his garden. But the Giant was 3.____________. He didn't like the children. He 4.____________ a high wall around his garden. Since then, 5.____________ of the children came to play. And 6.____________ never came to his garden. One morning, the Giant heard birds singing. He saw children in the garden. The trees were 7.____________ with flowers. He 8.____________ down the wall and said, “I 9.____________ spring has come at last. Now I 10.____________ why spring wouldn't come. I was too selfish!” 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The children ____________ (play) in the garden every afternoon. 2. The Giant ____________ (be) away for a long time. 3. He ____________ (close) the gate and ____________ (build) a high wall. 4. Since then, he ____________ (not see) a child there. 5. “I cannot understand why spring ____________ (not come) since last year,” says the Giant. 6. Autumn ____________ (give) none to the Giant's garden. 7. He ____________ (jump) out of bed and ____________ (look) outside. 8. “How selfish I ____________ (be)!” he says. 9. The trees have covered ____________ (they) with flowers. 10. I ____________ (not hear) that beautiful birdsong for a while. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $