Unit 8 Once Upon a Time 单元语法：一般现在时VS一般过去时（精讲）-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册单元知识点精讲精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语课件系统梳理了一般现在时与一般过去时的核心知识，通过核心含义、时间标志词、句型结构、动词变化规则及对比表格，构建起时态知识网络，清晰呈现两种时态的内在逻辑与区别。 其亮点在于采用口诀记忆（如“现时常态永不变，过去动作已杀青”）和分类规则讲解（如动词三单及过去式变化），结合课本故事填空与拓展单选分层练习，培养学生语言能力和思维品质，助力学生精准掌握时态运用，提升教师复习教学效率。

七年级下册 Unit 8 Once Upon a Time 人教版初中英语 语法专项 1 人教版7下 （单元） 语法点 Unit 1 Animal Friends *特殊疑问词 why, what 和 where *可数名词单复数 Unit 2 No Rules, No Order! *情态动词 can *祈使句 Unit 3 Keep Fit *频率副词 *物主代词 Unit 4 Eat Well *选择疑问句 *名词的单复数 Unit 5 Here and now *现在进行时1 Unit 6 Rain or Shine *现在进行时2 *现在进行时VS 一般现在时 Unit 7 A day to remember *一般过去时 Unit8 Once upon a time *一般现在时VS一般过去时 2 一般现在时 VS 一般过去时 CONTENTS 一般现在时 VS 一般过去时的区别 一般现在时：现在、常态、不变、经常发生。 一般过去时：过去、单次、已结束、和现在无关。 一句话口诀： 现时常态永不变，过去动作已杀青。 1. 核心含义 ①经常性、习惯性动作（每天 / 经常 / 常常） ②客观真理、事实、自然规律（永远成立） ③目前固定状态、爱好、性格 ④时间表、既定安排（火车、课程、节目） 2. 高频时间标志词 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never，every day/week/month/year，once a day, twice a week， on weekdays 一般现在时（Present Simple） 5 3. 完整句型结构 ①肯定句：主语三单(he/she/it/ 单个人 / 单数物)：动词 + s/es 主语非三单(I/you/we/they/ 复数)：动词原形 He plays basketball every day. I play basketball every day. ②否定句： 三单：doesn’t + 动词原形 ； 非三单：don’t + 动词原形 He doesn’t play basketball. They don’t play basketball. ③一般疑问句： 三单：Does + 主语 + 原形…? 非三单：Do + 主语 + 原形…? —Does he like English? —Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 一般现在时（Present Simple） 6 4. 动词三单变化规则 规则 1：绝大多数动词，词尾直接加 -s 发音规则 清辅音后读 /s/：like /laɪk/ → likes /laɪks/ 浊辅音、元音后读 /z/：play /pleɪ/ → plays /pleɪz/ work → works 工作 read → reads 阅读 talk → talks 交谈 run → runs 跑步 look → looks 看 一般现在时（Present Simple） 7 4. 动词三单变化规则 规则 2：以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾，词尾加 -es 发音规则 -es 统一读 /ɪz/ 以 s 结尾：pass → passes；miss → misses 以 x 结尾：fix → fixes；mix → mixes 以 ch 结尾：watch → watches；teach → teaches 以 sh 结尾：wash → washes；finish → finishes 以 o 结尾（初中仅两个高频）：go → goes；do → does 一般现在时（Present Simple） 8 4. 动词三单变化规则 规则 3：辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -es y 前面是辅音字母（b/c/d/f/g/m/p/r/t 等） 变化公式：变 y→i + es，读音 /z/ study → studies 学习 fly → flies 飞 try → tries 尝试 carry → carries 搬运 worry → worries 担心 重点对比（极易考易错点） 如果 y 前面是元音字母（a/e/i/o/u），不变 y，直接加 s： play（a+y）→ plays stay（a+y）→ stays enjoy（o+y）→ enjoys 一般现在时（Present Simple） 9 4. 动词三单变化规则- 规则 4：不规则特殊变化（无规则，单独背诵） 一般现在时（Present Simple） ①have→has I have a cat. She has a cat. We have lunch at 12:00. My mother has lunch at 11:30. They have many books. Tom has many storybooks. You have a new bike. It has four wheels. I she has a headache. He has a bad cold. 10 4. 动词三单变化规则- 规则 4：不规则特殊变化（无规则，单独背诵） 一般现在时（Present Simple） ②易混淆：do /does（助动词特殊变化） do 的三单形式是 does，属于特殊变形，搭配例句： I do my homework every day. He does his homework every day. They do sports after school. Lucy does sports every morning. You do cleaning on weekends. My dad does housework after work. 11 5. 场景例句 1. 表示日常习惯、经常性动作 I get up at 6:30 every morning. My mother cooks breakfast every day. We play badminton on weekends. He often takes a walk after supper. They seldom go to the cinema. The boy always washes his clothes by himself. 一般现在时（Present Simple） 12 5. 场景例句 ②表示客观真理、自然规律、常识 The earth goes around the sun. Summer comes after spring. Fish live in water. The moon moves around the earth. Two and four makes six. Leaves turn green in spring. 一般现在时（Present Simple） 13 5. 场景例句 ③表示长期爱好、性格、人 / 事物固有状态 She likes reading books. My father loves collecting stamps. This dog likes playing with balls. Lucy speaks Japanese very well. The flower smells sweet. He hates noisy places. 一般现在时（Present Simple） 14 一般过去时（Past Simple） 1. 核心含义 ①过去某个时间发生的动作（已经结束）； ②过去一段时间的状态、 习惯（现在已经不这样了）； ③一次性过去动作 2. 高频时间标志词 yesterday last night/week/month/year just now at that time in 2020 /last century …ago（two days ago） the day before yesterday last term last holiday three months ago ten years ago long long ago at nine yesterday on June 1st, 2023 when I was young 3. 完整句型结构 （1）肯定句: 主语 + 动词过去式 所有人称形式全部一样，不分三单 I went to school yesterday. 我昨天去学校了。 She went to school yesterday. 她昨天去学校了。 （2）否定句: 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 （所有人称统一用 didn’t， 后面一定还原原形） She didn’t go to school yesterday. （3）一般疑问句: Did + 主语 + 动词原形…? —Did you finish your homework? —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 一般过去时（Present Simple） 16 4. 动词过去式变化规则 规则变化- 规则 1： 一般动词原形，词尾直接加 -ed 发音区分：清辅音 /p//t//k//f//s/ 后读 /t/ work → worked /wɜːkt/ 浊辅音、元音后读 /d/ play → played /pleɪd/ /t//d/ 结尾读 /ɪd/ want → wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/ walk → walked 走路 clean → cleaned 打扫 call → called 打电话 look → looked 看 cook → cooked 做饭 一般过去时（Present Simple） 17 4. 动词过去式变化规则 规则 2：单词以不发音字母 e 结尾，只加 -d，不加 ed 判断标志：词尾有 e（live, like, close） 变形方式：直接 +d live → lived 居住 like → liked 喜欢 close → closed 关闭 dance → danced 跳舞 use → used 使用 hope → hoped 希望 一般过去时（Present Simple） 18 4. 动词过去式变化规则 规则 3：辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -ed 判断标准：y 前面是 辅音字母（b/d/m/p/r/t 等） 变形公式：y → i + ed study → studied 学习 fly → flew（fly 是不规则，除外） try → tried 尝试 carry → carried 搬运 worry → worried 担心 cry → cried 哭 一般过去时（Present Simple） 19 4. 动词过去式变化规则 规则 4：重读闭音节单词，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -ed 判断三要素（同时满足才双写） ① 单词重读在最后一个音节； ② 单词结构：辅音 + 元音 + 辅音（辅元辅结尾）； ③ 末尾只有单个辅音字母。 变形方式：双写尾字母 + ed stop → stopped 停止 shop → shopped 购物 plan → planned 计划 drop → dropped 掉落 fit → fitted 适合 prefer → preferred 更喜欢 一般过去时（Present Simple） 20 1. 时间区别（本质区别） 一般现在时：时间是常态、反复、无截止 一般过去时：时间固定在过去、已结束、和现在无关 2. 例句对比 I eat apples every day.（常态，现在也吃） I ate an apple yesterday.（昨天吃的，结束了） She lives in Beijing.（现在住在北京） She lived in Beijing for 3 years.（过去住，现在不住了） He plays football well.（一直会、常态能力） 两大时态对比 21 3. 句式最大易错点 一般现在时：现三单，加 s；疑问否定用 do/does，动词还原 一般过去时：全部人称无区别；疑问否定统一 did + 原形 超级易错错题对比 He didn’t went home. （错） He didn’t go home.　（对） Does he likes music? （错） Does he like music? （对） 两大时态精准对比 22 两大时态精准对比 对比项 一般现在时 一般过去时 时间范围 现在、常态、经常性 过去、已完成、一次性 标志词 every… / usually / often yesterday / last… / …ago 动词形式 原形 / 三单 + s/es 过去式（规则 + 不规则） 否定 don’t /doesn’t + 原形 didn’t + 原形 疑问 Do / Does + 主语 + 原形 Did + 主语 + 原形 是否和现在有关 有关（现在依然如此） 无关（只讲过去） 23 必考解题技巧 看到 every/usually/often → 一般现在时 看到 yesterday/last/ago → 必用一般过去时 句中有 does/do/don’t/doesn’t → 后面动词一定原形 句中有 did/didn’t → 后面动词 100% 原形 讲真理永远用一般现在时，哪怕句子里有过去时间假象 TIPS 24 中文翻译 你在英语课上读《小妇人》吗？ 是的，我读了。它是一本好书。/不，我没有读。我们选择了另外一本书。 你知道《皇帝的新衣》这个故事吗？ 是的，我知道。它是一个有趣的故事！/不，我不知道。请给我讲讲吧。 老鼠是如何帮助狮子的？ 它咬破了网，狮子逃出来了。 兄弟俩做了什么？ 他们对皇帝撒谎了。 课本 练一练 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般现在时 25 课本练一练 26 课本练一练 asked give answered is grew smiled like painted took said 27 单项选择 1．The girl ________ great help from her teachers and classmates when she met some problems in her life and study. A．get B．gets C．got D．is getting 2．— What did you do on your holiday? — I ________ a lot of photos of the beautiful scenery. A．take B．took C．takes D．taking 3．In China, hotpot first ________ in Inner Mongolia area, and then became popular. A．appears B．will appear C．appeared D．appear 4．—The food here is nice enough. —Yeah. My friend ________ me to the good place. A．introduces B．introduced C．had introduced D．was introducing 拓展练一练 28 单项选择 5．I ________ get up late, but now I ________ getting up early. A．used to; am used to B．am used to; used to C．used to; used to D．am used to; am used to 6．My family and I ________ the Spring Festival in Beijing last year and had a great time. A．celebrate B．celebrated C．are celebrating D．will celebrate 7．Scientists used ________ that ants came from the northern half of the earth. A．believe B．to believe C．believed D．believing 8．Many years ago, I ________ to be a scientist. But now ________ a worker. A．wanted; I’m B．wanted; I was C．want; I’m D．want; I was 9．My brother ________ to school by bike every day. A．go B．goes C．going D．to go 拓展练一练 29 单项选择 10．—Did they play games yesterday? —________. They played basketball. A．Yes, they did B．No, they didn’t C．Yes, they do D．No, they don’t 11．It ________ me two hours to finish the work yesterday. A．take B．takes C．took D．taking 12．My grandfather ______ live in the countryside, but he has _______ the city life now. A．used to; got used to B．got used to; used to C．used to; used to D．got used to; got used to 13．Yesterday Eric ________ his long hair and gave it to a hospital. A．cut B．cuts C．will cut D．is cutting 14．— Where ________ your sister go last Sunday? — She went to the library. A．do B．does C．did D．was 拓展练一练 30 单项选择 15．I ________ not like apples, but I ________ some yesterday. A．do; ate B．am; eat C．did; eat D．do; eat 16．The old man ________ in a small village when he was young, but now he works in a big city. A．lives B．am living C．was lived D．lived 17．We ________ many photos in the park yesterday. A．take B．takes C．took D．are taking 18．I ________ a nice kite in the park yesterday afternoon. A．fly B．flew C．flies D．will fly 19．We ________ along the river yesterday. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．are walking 拓展练一练 31 单项选择 20．My uncle lived in a small village by the Huai River, but now he ________ the busy life in Xuyi. A．used to B．uses to C．was used to D．gets used to 21．Listening to tapes ________ help you improve your listening skills. A．make B．do C．does D．done 22．A true friend reaches for your hand and ________ your heart. A．touch B．touches C．touched D．touching 23．My uncle is a busy worker. He ________ up very early every day. A．get B．gets C．is getting D．got 24．After school, I often ________ my homework. A．do B．does C．make D．write 拓展练一练 32 单项选择 25．—What sport does Tom often ________ after school? —He often ________ basketball with his friends. A．play; plays B．plays; play C．play; play D．plays; plays 26．The Monkey King ________ many funny adventures in Journey to the West. A．has B．had C．will have 27．My sister always ________ her bed after getting up. A．make B．makes C．do D．does 28．—Kate, do you often ________TV in the evening? —No. I do my homework and read some books. A．look B．see C．watch D．watched 拓展练一练 33 THE END 人教版初中英语 语法专项 34 $