上海华东师范大学第二附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期月考英语试题

高三英语 I.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank It Has Pockets！ As a young girl,Claire McCardell hated wearing a dress when climbing trees,and didn't understand why she couldn't wear pants with pockets like her brothers.At summer camp,she hated swimming in the full-stockings women 1.(expect) to wear,so she abandoned hers and went bare-legged in the lake,even though she knew she 2. (get)in trouble. McCardell made a career out of asking such questions,and helped transform American fashion in the process,as Elizabeth Dickinson details in her lively biography, Claire McCardell:The Designer Who Set Women Free.Almost a century later,"we owe much of 3.hangs in our closets to Claire McCardell,"Dickinson writes,and yet she is not 4.the fashion figures "we all remember."That's an understatement. Fashion historians tend to agree that McCardell had an elegant and inventive talent for bringing American women new freedom of movement.She rejected anything 5. (restrict)-even when Christian Dior burst onto the French scene and began locking women back into corsets with 18-inch waists.Dior described women as flowers, to be admired and plucked.McCardell saw women as doers,and designed accordingly. 6. McCardell was really"the designer who set women free"in a broader sense is a more complicated question.During her lifetime,women certainly gained freedom:more casual and comfortable options;and in general,more choice about how they might acceptably present 7.to the world. The main reason McCardell isn't well-known globally is that,unlike her contemporary rival Christian Dior,she didn't name a successor or plan for her brand to continue after her death.Dior also died at 52,just a few months before McCardell, 8 (appoint)Yves Saint Laurent to carry on his work and safeguard his name. But McCardell is worth remembering as an example of the persistence required to see the world as it is in any field.In 2021,her hometown in Maryland installed a statue of her in a local park,with 9. to honor her influence on fashion.She sits in her typical posture,confident and at ease.It's striking to see an official statue that looks so relaxed;she's not staring at the horizon 10. preparing to give an official address.She looks,above all,comfortable. Section B Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A.dramatically B.emerging C.hidden D.knock-on E.orbit F.refuges G.boost H.shading I.stem J.structural K.uninterrupted ABug's Life Insect species are under threat around the world but there are simple science- backed actions we can all take to 11.their decline.Many of the drivers of those declines are 12.,and require strong action by governments to turn around.But there are clear,easy steps that anyone can take to support the insect world. For species under such pressure,we can create 13. for insects in a world increasingly hostile to their survival. Turn out the lights Everyone has seen moths circle a bulb at night.But if that light stays on,researchers estimate one-third of insects trapped in its 14. will die before morning.Light pollution is a huge driver of insect declines:it changes insect behavior and can even make leaves too tough for them to eat.You can help by switching off your outdoor lights or putting them on a sensor,and 15.windows so lights are not shining out into the night. Skip the lawn-or mow it less No mow May is one of the most successful recent environmental campaigns in the UK,intended to provide more habitat to bees and butterflies when they are 16. from a cold,hard winter.But it doesn't have to be only May.Letting grasses grow 17. particularly where native wildflowers thrive,can be a big 18. for insects. Protect owls and bats While often 19. from sight,bats and some owl species feed on insects through the spring,summer and early autumn,and play a key role in regulating their populations.Where owls and bats disappear,farmers tend to increase their insecticides. By supporting your local bat and owl populations,you can have positive 20. effects for insects. I.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A slice of sense on UPFs（超加工食品) They have been called "poison"and "junk",but however you describe ultra- processed foods(UPFs),it is clear that they are the nutritional threat.That fear is 21,given their consumption has been linked to a series of health 22, from obesity and type 2 diabetes,to anxiety and depression. Their dominance has changed food systems so rapidly that much of our diet would be unrecognizable to even our 23ancestors.We certainly haven't adapted to them24 It's 25 that they are the main target of strategies to address diet-related chronic disease nowadays.Even so,we think all-out UPF panic needs to give way to a more layered conversation.It is a mistake to paint 26and wholegrain bread with the same brush as cakes and sugary cereal.Just because a food is ultra-processed doesn't mean it is unhealthy. When it comes to how UPFs cause weight gain,recent research found they tend to be__27 when energy dense(more calories per bite)or hyperpalatable高t适口性 (featuring pairs of nutrients that don't typically 28 naturally-such as high salt and fat,carb and salt or sugar and fat).29,when people eat meals with lots of UPFs that aren't energy dense and hyperpalatable,they don't gain weight. These findings have enormous implications for nutrition policy and regulation.By targeting UPFs that have a high calorie density or contain hyperpalatable nutrient 30,we can focus on the primary offenders leading to diet-related conditions. To tackle these specific foods,we must apply a battery of public health policies similar to those that cut tobacco consumption:marketing restrictions,31 labelling and aggressive taxes.We also need to reward companies which make their UPFs32 -think frozen,wholegrain-crust pizza topped with vegetables. Some UPFs are already considered healthy by the FDA's standard(again,think wholegrain bread or yogurt).None of these would be the 33 of such policies or regulations.Many of us rely on the likes of UPF pasta sauces and canned beans,which can be an easy and affordable part of a healthy diet.That is why being 34 which UPFs are most likely to cause harm is important. UPFs aren't going anywhere for now,and the story of their science is still being written.So let's move beyond panic towards a healthy35 by understanding how 3 some of them cause harm and act accordingly. 21.A.remarkable B.unnecessary C.groundless D.reasonable 22.A.benefits B.factors C.scares D.effects 23.A.recent B.wise C.distant D.royal 24.A.socially B.eventually C.evolutionarily D.psychologically 25.A.no wonder B.a myth C.out of the question D.of little value 26.A.boiled rice B.raw meat C.flavored yogurt D.meal set 27.A.overeating B.overconsumed C.overweight D.undercooked 28.A.mix-match B.co-occur C.break down D.run out 29.A.In the same way B.On the flip side C.As a result D.In the meantime 30.A.combinations B.concentrations C.separations D.classifications 31.A.temporary B.permanent C.compulsory D.distinguishing 32.A.more convenient B.less calorie dense C.more wholesome D.less processed 33.A.success B.origin C.object D.subject 34.A.specific about B.assured of C.resistant to D.indifferent to 35.A.all-in B.co-existence C.inter-play D.anti-stress Section B Directions:Read the following four passages.Each passage is followed by several questions.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The problem started when Petey called out,"Anyone want a baloney sandwich?" "You kidding?Your mom must hate you,giving you sandwiches like that."Petey threw his sandwich bag at the critic,Andy,and the class cheered.Fight,fight,they said.I made the first sound of my teaching career:Hey.Four years of higher education at New York University and all I could think of was Hey. They ignored me,still hoping for a fight.I moved toward Petey and made my first teacher statement,"Stop throwing sandwiches."Petey and the class looked surprised. This new teacher just stopped a good fight.New teachers are supposed to mind their own business or send for the principal or a dean and everyone knows it will be years before they come.More importantly,what are you gonna do with a teacher who tells you stop throwing sandwiches when you already threw the sandwich? From the back,Benny's voice cut through:"He already threw it!No use telling him now don't throw the sangwidge!"The class snickered,and I caught a boy muttering "stupid"under his breath.Anger pricked me,but I held it back-losing my temper would end my career.My college lectures had rambled on about educational philosophies andnurturing the whole child,"not how to defuse a crisis sparked by a flying sandwich that had already turned the class into chaos. Professors of education at New York University never lectured on how to handle flying-sandwich situations.They talked about theories and philosophies of education, about moral and ethical imperatives,but never about critical moments in the class-room. The sandwich,in wax paper,lay halfway out of the bag.I picked it up.The aroma told me it was not any ordinary sandwich.This bread was firm enough to hold slices of a rich baloney,layered with slices of tomato,onions and peppers,charged with a tongue-dazzling relish. I ate the sandwich. Thirty-four sixteen-year-olds stared in disbelief,then their eyes softened into admiration-no teacher had ever dared eat a sandwich from the floor.I licked the oil from my fingers,sighed "Yum,"and flipped the wrapper into the trash bin.The class roared-"Wow!""Man,that's cool!"I stood tall,feeling like a champion.I thought I had them in the palm of my hand.Fine,except that I didn't know what to do next My students smiled till they saw the principal's face framed in the door window. Bushy black eyebrows halfway up his forehead shaped a question.He opened the door and motioned me out.“A word,Mr.McCourt?” 36.Why were the students especially surprised when the teacher told Petey to "Stop throwing sandwiches"? A.Because they thought teachers should never interfere with students'conflicts. B.Because the sandwich had already been thrown,so his words seemed meaningless. C.Because they believed the teacher would call the principal instead of saying anything. D.Because they thought the teacher would punish Petey immediately with strict discipline. 37.The teacher's decision to eat the sandwich can best be understood as A.An act of desperation to gain control of the class. B.A punishment meant to embarrass Petey in front of everyone C.A carefully planned strategy from his teacher training courses. D.A way to express his hunger and ignore the students'behavior. 5 38.The underlined word"defuse"in Paragraph 3 probably means A.fuel B.define C.confuse D.ease 39.The humor in the scene where the author eats the sandwich and later faces the principal lies in A.the principal's overreaction to a small incident of eating in class B.the students'unexpected shift from ridicule to admiration for the teacher C.the author's childish way of flipping the wrapper into the trash bin like a student D.the absurd contrast between the author's moment of"triumph"and his coming trouble (B) Moutain Climbing Safety- How to Stay Smart on the Summit Bring a Partner Check Don't hike alone the Weather Storms can move in quickly Aftemoon Heat Loose rocks and higher risk after Pack midday Essential Gear Indlude extra Layers,food,and water Climbing a mountain sounds simple-start at the bottom,walk up,and reach the top.But every experienced climber knows that nature has its own plan.The air grows thinner,temperatures drop,and storms can appear without warning.A morning that begins bright can end in fog,wind,and lightning.Wise climbers read the weather forecast and,more importantly,leam to read the sky itself.Clouds forming early on a humid day are not just pretty shapes;they're wamings.The guidebook's advice to start 6 early isn't superstition.Those who climb before dawn aren't showing off-they're avoiding trouble. Gear selection matters too:opt for waterproof,high-top hiking boots with thick rubber soles(to grip uneven surfaces)and a breathable,lightweight jacket(avoid cotton, which stays damp and causes hypothermia).Pack 1.5 liters of water per person for a 4- hour climb-dehydration worsens altitude-related discomfort,and note that most low- mountain areas see sunset between 5 PM and 6 PM in spring and autumn.Also pack high-energy snacks like unsalted nuts or energy bars(sugary treats lead to quick energy crashes). Preparation means more than food and good shoes.A headlamp might feel unnecessary on a short hike,but when fog slows your pace or sunset comes sooner than expected,it can be the tool that saves you.Maps that work without batteries,warm layers,and steady water intake are not signs of fear-they are proof of experience. Stick to marked trails at all times.Unknown shortcuts,even those seemingly "shorter"'on informal maps,often cut through unstable terrain (e.g.,loose soil or hidden ravines)and are a top cause of falls. Finally,share your detailed plan with a trusted person:include your starting point, intended route,and expected return time.For day climbs under 5 hours,a delay of 1.5- 2 hours beyond your planned return may call for a check-in-try reaching the climber via phone first (if signal allows).However,if delays happen after sunset,or if the climb involves exposed terrain prone to night fog,alert local mountain rescue teams immediately,even if the delay is under 2 hours.Delays in seeking help increase risk of exposure,especially when temperatures drop sharply after dark. 40.Why is it risky to climb in the afternoon? A.The sunlight hides trail markings. B.The air is thicker,making breathing harder. C.The map signal becomes weaker under heat. D.Rocks may become unstable as the temperature rises. 41.Which of the following statements is true? A.A headlamp is useless for short mountain hikes. B.The weather in the mountainous area is changeable C.Experienced hikers bring digital maps without batteries. D.Wise climbers check the weather forecast instead of reading the sky 42.If Zhang Hua told his family he would set out on a 4-hour climb at 1 PM but was delayed until 7:30 PM,what should his family do according to the text? A.Immediately alert local mountain rescue teams. B.Take his planned route to search for him instantly. C.Bring warm cotton-padded clothes to go up the mountain to search immediately. D.First try to call him,then alert local mountain rescue teams if there's no response. (c) A brain structure that seems to influence food consumption could one day be targeted to enhance interventions for weight loss or gain. Studies have shown that activating neurons in this structure,called the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST)--located around the center of the brain and about the size of a sunflower seed in people-increases food intake in mice.In these foundational studies,this was typically achieved through techniques such as optogenetics,which uses light to control neurons in the BNST region.But it was unknown whether taste influences its activity. To learn more about its function,Charles Zuker and his colleagues first imaged the brains of mice while they drank water flavored with one of the five basic tastes--sweet, bitter,sour,salty and umami.The researchers previously linked enjoying sweet tastes to activity in a region called the amygdala(杏∠核)，and have now pinpointed neurons there that only became activated in response to sweet water. These neurons then activated others in the BNST,sometimes called the "extended amygdala".This is the first evidence that this structure receives taste signals,says Haijiang Cai at the University of Arizona. The researchers then wanted to understand whether these activated BNST neurons influence dietary consumption,so they genetically engineered the cells so that they didn't activate when mice tasted sweet water.Over 10 minutes,these mice drank substantially less than normal ones,suggesting that activation of BNST neurons enhances consumption of sweet tastes. But the researchers also found that artificial activation prompted mice to consume more water of any taste,including whether it was unflavoured,salty or bitter,despite them usually avoiding the latter taste. In further experiments,the team found that substantially more BNST neurons were activated by sweet and salty signals in hungry or salt low mice,respectively,compared with those that were fed until they were full or had normal salt levels.This suggests that the BNST integrates signals for hunger and nutrient deficiency,in addition to taste, to determine food intake,says Cai. The findings are highly relevant to people,as our BNST is very similar to that of mice,says Cai.They suggest that developing drugs that activate BNST neurons could 8 potentially help to encourage eating in people with a severe loss of appetite,he says. However,more than a dozen brain pathways have been linked to food intake,says Cai,and some of these may compensate for any prolonged drug-related changes in BNST activity,so targeting multiple feeding circuits at the same time will probably be needed,he says. The study could also help us achieve better results with weight-loss treatments, such as the GLP-1 drug semaglutide.These can bind to neurons in the BNST,so a better understanding of how it alters food consumption could help us gain a clearer picture of how such drugs work,says Sarah Stern. 43.What was previously unknown about the BNST? A.Its location in the human brain B.Whether it receives taste signals C.Its function of increasing mice's food intake D.The similarity of human BNST to the mouse BNST 44.What did the genetic engineering of mice's BNST neurons reveal? A.Mice consume more of any water,regardless of the taste. B.Mice drank less sweet water when these neurons were not activated. C.The BNST has no connection to the amygdala's taste-related neurons. D.Bitter taste became more appealing to mice even without neuron activation. 45.Which of the following statements is true according to the text? A.BNST mainly relies on taste preferences to regulate eating behavior. B.The study proves semaglutide works only by binding to BNST neurons. C.Using BNST-activating drugs needs to be combined with targeting other brain feeding circuits. D.Prolonged use of BNST-activating drugs will damage other brain pathways related to food intake. 46.Which title best fits the passage? A.Area of brain behind food urges identified B.New findings to improve weight-loss drugs C.How hunger changes the activity of brain neurons D.Mice experiments:unlocking secrets of bitter taste avoidance Section C Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.A quiet quitter might also become more disengaged from their colleagues and less willing to collaborate. B.Even here,though,you might notice they start to miss deadlines or make mistakes they wouldn't normally make. C.Each of these behaviors indicates a lack of investment,especially when compared to how engaged they were earlier. D.If people are quietly quitting all around you,maintaining your usual level of output will make you a stand-out member of your team. E.This has led to a new phenomenon known as "quiet quitting,"which refers to the subtle ways in which people disengage from their work. F.They may also start to arrive late or leave early,though this is usually paired with open complaints about their workload or manager. Quiet Quitting Are you feeling burnt out and overwhelmed at work?You're not alone.In fact, research shows that burnout is becoming increasingly common among young professionals,with many people silently struggling to keep up with the demands of their jobs.47. This emerging trend has potentially widespread implications for the future of work,how people interact with their jobs,and what we see as an acceptable balance between work and home life. So how do you know if someone is quietly quitting?There are a few tell-tale signs to look out for in the workplace.You might notice that an employee who used to be highly engaged and motivated in their job suddenly becomes less interested in what they are doing.They might seem less enthusiastic about their work or less willing to take on new challenges or projects.They complete their core tasks but nothing more. 48. Another key sign of quiet quitting is a decline in the quality of work.Someone who is quietly quitting might start to produce below-standard work in comparison to what they have historically produced,or they might be less willing to put in the extra effort needed to meet the high standards of their job.49. They're turning up to work,but the effort that they are expending is minimal. 50. You might notice them withdrawing from social situations.Where they once attended social gatherings and seasonal parties,they now avoid these.You may see them less in the break room and find that they are increasingly quiet in meetings. 10 II.Summary Writing Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible. Music is instrumental in learning how to read Learning to play an instrument seems to boost reading skills in young children by enhancing their ability to recognize and manipulate the sounds that make up words. Music training has long been linked to improved early reading abilities,but how it does this wasn't clear.To find out more,Maria Garcia de-Soria and her colleagues studied 57 children,with roughly equal numbers of boys and girls.About half had been learning an instrument for at least a month and were practicing for a minimum of half an hour a week,while the rest did non-musical extracurricular activities. They found that children who were learning an instrument outperformed the others on tests of phonological (awareness.This is the ability to recognize and use the sounds that comprise words.They also showed better reading skills. In another part of the experiment,the researchers used brain scan to record the children's brain activity as they listened to a recording of The Gingerbread Man fairy tale.They found that stronger neural activity in language-related centers of the left hemisphere (of the brain was correlated with better reading outcomes for all the children.However,the musical group showed higher reading scores even with lower levels of this activity,which may mean they have more adult-like processing of language. "Adults tend to use both sides of their brain to process music and speech,and sometimes they rely more on the right side.The musically trained children seem to have a more adult-like tracking of speech,"says Garcia-de-Soria. "The finding that musical training improves the left hemisphere phonological encoding processes of language is consistent with the broader literature,"says Alice Mado Proverbio.However,music training can also lead to specialization in the right hemisphere of the brain,fostering faster reading,she says. 51. IV.Translation Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the word given in the brackets. 52.愿你前路平坦，终能得偿所愿。(May) 53.该国已投入大量资金推进军事现代化，以抵御敌人的入侵。(defend) 54.那座老车库在城市改造期间被拆除了，人们对它重获新生所抱有的所有希望， 最终也化为了泡影。(reduce) 55.数字使用的主要危害，与其说在于我们接收到的信息本身，不如说在于它对 我们注意力持续时间和批判性思维能力的损害。(so much.as) V.Guided Writing Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学学生会成员王敏，学校计划为高二年级组织一场为期3天的 游学活动，核心目标是让历史“活”起来一不止于书本知识的记忆，更要通 过场景沉浸与实践互动亲身“触摸”历史。 请给校长写一封邮件，汇报你的游学计划。邮件内容需包含： 1.简要介绍游学的主题、目的地及选择理由； 2.描述两项核心活动，说明其如何助力“让历史活起来”。 1.were expected 2.would get/would have got 3.what 4.among/in 5.restricting 6.Whether 7.themselves 8.having appointed 9.which 10.as if/as though 11.I12.J13.F14.E15.H16.B17.K18.G19.C20.D 21-25 DDACA 26-30 CBBBA 31-35.CCDAB 36-39 BADD 40-42DBA 43-46 BBCA 47.E48.B49.C50.A 51. 1:It was unclear how musical training improves early reading. 2:A study of 57 children found the instrument learners outperformed non-musical peers in phonological awareness and reading skills. Brain scans showed lower left-brain language-center activity in instrument learners who still scored higher in reading, suggesting adult-like language processing. 3:Experts say music training also promotes right brain specialization. 52.May your journey ahead be smooth,and you goals finally be achieved. 53.The country has invested heavily in modernizing its military to defend against the invasion of enemies./The country has spent significant funds in modernizing its military/military modernization. 54.The old garage was knocked down/demolished during the urban renovation,and all hopes for its rebirth/revival were ultimately reduced to nothing 55.The primary danger of digital use lies not so much in the information wereceive as in its damage to our attention span and critical thinking.