精品解析：湖南省长沙市第一中学2025-2026学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

高一英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program. 2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup? A. Cathy. B. Cathy’s mom. C. Cathy’s dad. 3 Where are the speakers? A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant. 4. What does the man think of his roommate? A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable. 5. How much is the man going to pay? A. $18. B. $35. C. $80. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about the camera? A. Its screen began to flash today. B. It worked properly last week. C. It turned itself off two days ago. 7. What does the man want to do with the camera? A. Return it. B. Change it. C. Have it fixed. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why is the woman getting a ticket? A. She didn’t pay for parking B. She parked in the wrong place. C. She entered a park without a ticket. 9. What excuse does the woman make? A. She was in a hurry. B. She didn’t see the sign. C. She didn’t know the rules. 10. How does the man sound? A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message? A. She sent a message back. B. She visited her bank’s website. C. She checked it with her bank manager. 12. What are the speakers talking about? A. Bank services. B. Text cheating. C. Website safety. 13. How does the man feel about visiting websites? A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. How does the man say about his own spoken English? A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive. 15. What attracted the man most about the job offer? A. The regular pay rise. B. The paid vacations. C. The chances of promotion. 16. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories? A. In1923. B. In1932. C. In1952. 18. What is Hemingway’s first novel about? A. A group of reporters. B. Some authors and artists. C. His childhood experience. 19. What do we know about A Farewell to Arms? A. It came out in1924. B. It was related to World War Ⅰ. C. It was Hemingway’s third novel. 20. What was The Old Man and the Sea based on? A. The story of a reporter. B. An old fisherman’s real life. C. Hemingway’s own experiences. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分,满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A I had passed the small community garden nearly every day for a year, never once pausing to take a closer look. It sat at the end of the quiet street, enclosed by a worn wooden fence, its rows of plants half-hidden by overgrown grass, looking untidy and uninviting to someone rushing through daily tasks. I was always busy with work deadlines and busy schedules, viewing such small, quiet spaces as nothing to do with my fast-paced life. It was not until a Saturday afternoon, when my usual afternoon plans fell through unexpectedly, that I found myself standing in front of the fence, curiosity getting the better of me for the first time. I pushed the gate open gently, the wood creaking (咯吱作响) softly, and stepped inside. The air was filled with the soft scent of blooming flowers and fresh soil, a sharp contrast to the noisy world I had been caught in for months. An elderly woman was kneeling on the ground, carefully pulling weeds from around a row of tomato plants, her hands moving slowly but steadily. She did not look up at first, focusing entirely on her work, and I stood there awkwardly, unsure whether to leave or stay. When she finally raised her head, her eyes crinkled (起皱) with a warm smile, and she gestured for me to come closer, speaking softly about the different plants and how she had tended the garden for nearly ten years. It was not a perfectly tidy garden, but it was full of life and quiet dedication. By the time I left, the sun was beginning to set, and I felt a lightness in my chest I had not felt in months. I had stumbled upon a reminder that joy and peace lie in stopping to notice small, overlooked beauties in life. 1. What can we infer about the author’s former life? A. She avoided daily affairs on purpose. B. She was tired of endless social activities. C. She held a negative attitude towards nature. D. She was stuck in a lifestyle lacking inner peace. 2. The underlined word “dedication” in paragraph 4 most probably means . A. wisdom B. courage C. devotion D. imagination 3. What does the visit to the garden bring to the author? A. A realization of the value of slowing down. B. A new hobby of exploring hidden scenic spots. C. A chance to learn professional gardening skills. D. A strong desire to change her living environment. B California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素). The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪). Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B. The increasing variety of California big trees. C. The distribution of big trees in California forests. D. The influence of farming on big trees in California. 5. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting. C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures. 6. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre? A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season. C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. California’s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California C In modern daily life, people fill almost every spare moment with endless short videos and quick online news. Such easy access to fast entertainment has quietly changed people’s reading habits, leaving traditional literary works far less favored than they once were. Many ordinary people have formed a fixed belief that novels and poems serve little practical purpose, unable to solve real-life troubles or bring immediate benefits, so they choose to stay away from serious reading completely. However, this view is one-sided. Literature is actually an irreplaceable treasure that benefits people greatly in the long run. When one spends time staying with literary works, they are no longer limited to their own life experience. Between the lines, they can quietly experience the joy and sorrow of characters living in different surroundings and times. This light emotional experience gradually shapes one’s inner sensitivity, allowing individuals to view life events from more than one angle instead of sticking to their own narrow understanding alone. Such inner growth can hardly be gained from those fast-paced online contents designed only for instant amusement. People are easily influenced by popular online views which are usually simple and one-sided, leaving little space for personal thought. Literary creation behaves quite differently. It seldom provides definite answers to complex life problems, nor does it force readers to accept fixed opinions. Instead, it presents complicated life situations and inner conflicts, pushing readers to sort out hidden relations, observe human nature, and form their own judgments independently. Some old literary works have survived hundreds of years and still attract modern readers. Behind their lasting attraction lie the shared human feelings and life puzzles that never change with time. Modern readers may find their own confusion and expectation reflected in those classic lines, feeling closely connected with strangers from distant generations. It is improper to regard literature as nothing more than a way to kill time. Its value lies in polishing people’s inner world, shaping their way of thinking, and helping them keep a clear mind in the chaos of the noisy flow of modern information. 8. What is the author’s major concern? A. Fast entertainment is changing people’s spare time. B. People ignore the long-term value of literary reading. C. Online opinions limit people’s independent thinking. D. Modern readers lose interest in short online entertainment. 9. How does literary reading promote people’s inner growth? A. By improving people’s inner feelings and views of life. B. By helping readers form independent judgments quickly. C. By freeing people from various real-life limitations. D. By offering different new ways to solve personal troubles. 10. Why can classic literary works attract modern readers? A. They exactly record real historical events. B. They provide fixed views on human nature. C. They completely set people free from modern noise. D. They carry everlasting human feelings and puzzles. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards people’s wrong idea against literature? A. Fully understanding. B. Strongly disapproving. C. Completely confused. D. Slightly doubtful. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online. They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. ____12____ Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch. ____13____ Some social media sites use those likes to determine how many people eventually see a post. One with many likes is more likely to be seen-and to get even more likes. What’s more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain. ____14____ For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink. That means that what you like online has the power to influence not just what others like, but even what they do. ____15____ And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens’ brains during this task. They saw activity in a part of the brain that’s involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior to try to get social approval. Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. ____16____ A. It can also lower the viewer’s self-control. B. A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post. C. It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave. D. Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center. E. And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them. F. But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection. G. Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Preeti Maske started cycling at the age of 40, she had no idea a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records. Winning first place in a 5-km fun run at her children’s school was what first ____17____ Maske’s adventurous side. Maske ever played national-level hockey and basketball as a student, but after she became a mother, sports were ____18____ in her past. The ____19____ at her children’s school reignited (再次点燃) her ____20____ spirit. It was a cycling adventure from Kashmir to Kanyakumari that made Maske ____21____ cycling seriously. But being one of the few women in the group came with its own ____22____.“Keeping up with male riders was ____23____,” she says. “I was ____24____, but when I caught up with them, whenever they said ‘let’s go’, I would say ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been ____25____ for some time while I hadn’t.” Maske’s first ____26____ to set a world record was to cycle the 6,000-km-long highway. She overcame hardships and finished, but her ride didn’t ____27____. The loss only stimulated her to ____28____ trying and achieve records. Her latest cycling ____29____ was a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes. People of all ages write to tell her that she’s their ____30____. One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one, learnt and ____31____a 100-km ride. 17. A. reflected B. replaced C. approached D. awakened 18. A. fortunately B. frequently C. totally D. occasionally 19. A. lecture B. victory C. incident D. emergency 20. A. competitive B. descriptive C. cooperative D. creative 21. A. call off B. take up C. figure out D. break down 22. A. strengths B. duties C. features D. challenges 23. A. tough B. beneficial C. boring D. pleasant 24. A. shorter B. lazier C. slower D. poorer 25. A. cycling B. resting C. exercising D. cheering 26. A. attempt B. capability C. reason D. curiosity 27. A. appear B. matter C. qualify D. continue 28. A. imagine B. recommend C. keep D. postpone 29. A. advertisement B. breakthrough C. entertainment D. sightseeing 30. A. business B. follower C. reward D. inspiration 31. A. completed B. suggested C. charged D. protested 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ____32____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Frost’s Descent(霜降), ____33____18th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct. 23 and ends on Nov. 6. Frost’s Descent is the last solar term of autumn, during ____34____ time the weather becomes much ____35____(cold) and frost begins to appear. Frost consists of white ice crystals of frozen water vapor near the ground. During Frost’s Descent, frost starts to gather. But in the lower reaches of the Yellow River region, frost first appears in late October or early November. ____36____ Frost’s Descent comes, the world is filled 1 with the atmosphere of late autumn. ____37____(eat) persimmons (柿子) during Frost’s Descent can help people resist the freezing weather and protect their body ____38____ the cold. In the countryside, people believe that their lips ____39____(get) dry and even crack if they don’t eat persimmons during this period. The pear is another ____40____(recommend) fruit during Frost’s Descent, which can promote the secretion of body liquids, clear away heat _____41_____ reduce sputum (痰液). 第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列句子，在每个句子空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 42. Data about the moon’s composition could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are _________ (practice).（所给词的适当形式填空） 43. It’s true that our future ______________ (determine) by many things, but our own attitude matters most. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. Cao Xueqin’s A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the ______________ (significant) novels in Chinese literature, is a good example of this. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45. Could you just give us a _____________(describe) of your cat, so we can help you find it? (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. Teachers need to be ______________(sense) to the development level of each student so as to help them better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Usually a child’s behavior is a ________ (reflect) of his family. （所给词的适当形式填空） 48. Its storyline follows the fall of a large _____________ (wealth) family much like the author’s own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. He treated them with _________ (generous) and thoughtfulness.（所给词的适当形式填空） 50. Every student in the class is capable _____________ passing the exam. (用适当的词填空) 51. In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal_______________a mass audience. （用适当的词填空） 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 英语课标要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给图片，以“Development of Transport in China”为题写一篇发言稿。 shared bicycles high-speed train new energy vehicle 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 题目和首句已经为你写好。 Development of Transport in China From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sweat dripped from Callie’s face as she helped her big brother Briggs load hay bales (干草捆) onto the conveyor (输送机). She wasn’t strong enough to lift them herself, but she could at least help drag them into place. The machine chattered noisily while it carried the bales up to the hayloft, where Callie’s dad stacked them. All was quiet when Callie went inside to feed the horses. But as she filled the water buckets, she thought she heard a faint meow from the hayloft. She climbed the steps to the loft and listened. The sound seemed to be coming from behind the bales. She ran to get her dad and Briggs. Briggs cocked his head. “It’s coming from outside,” he determined. “Just a bird in a tree.” Callie’s dad agreed. “How do you know for sure?” Callie said. “I guess we’ve just got better ears than you,” Briggs joked. But Callie wasn’t convinced. She checked the hayloft again after supper. “Are you stuck in there, kitty?” she said, pressing an ear to the bales. Callie raced back to the house. “I heard it again, Dad! Will you please listen once more?” “All right, Cal,” her dad said, turning off the TV. “I’ll go check while you get ready for bed.” A few minutes later, Dad poked his head into Callie’s room. “The only thing I heard out there was a screech owl,” he said. “So stop worrying.” “OK, Dad,” Callie said. “Thanks for checking.” But she woke in the night thinking about what she’d heard. What if a kitten was trapped behind the bales? She lay on her back, wondering what to do. Finally, she grabbed a flashlight and crept into the barn. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Once in the barn, she shined the flashlight’s beam toward the ladder. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, Callie picked up the scared kitten from the corner of the hayloft. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What are the speakers talking about? A. A sport game. B. A movie ticket. C. A TV program. 2. Who might have made a mistake about the cup? A. Cathy. B. Cathy’s mom. C. Cathy’s dad. 3 Where are the speakers? A. In a department store. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant. 4. What does the man think of his roommate? A. Tidy. B. Dishonest. C. Undependable. 5. How much is the man going to pay? A. $18. B. $35. C. $80. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What do we know about the camera? A. Its screen began to flash today. B. It worked properly last week. C. It turned itself off two days ago. 7. What does the man want to do with the camera? A. Return it. B. Change it. C. Have it fixed. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why is the woman getting a ticket? A. She didn’t pay for parking B. She parked in the wrong place. C. She entered a park without a ticket. 9. What excuse does the woman make? A. She was in a hurry. B. She didn’t see the sign. C. She didn’t know the rules. 10. How does the man sound? A. Angry. B. Helpful. C. Strict. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What did the woman do after receiving a text message? A. She sent a message back. B. She visited her bank’s website. C. She checked it with her bank manager. 12. What are the speakers talking about? A. Bank services. B. Text cheating. C. Website safety. 13. How does the man feel about visiting websites? A. Scared. B. Upset. C. Safe. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 16题。 14. How does the man say about his own spoken English? A. Very fluent. B. Very weak. C. Not impressive. 15. What attracted the man most about the job offer? A. The regular pay rise. B. The paid vacations. C. The chances of promotion. 16. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Coworkers. B. Mom and son. C. Friends. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. When did Hemingway produce his first collection of short stories? A. In1923. B. In1932. C. In1952. 18. What is Hemingway’s first novel about? A. A group of reporters. B. Some authors and artists. C. His childhood experience. 19. What do we know about A Farewell to Arms? A. It came out in1924. B. It was related to World War Ⅰ. C. It was Hemingway’s third novel. 20. What was The Old Man and the Sea based on? A. The story of a reporter. B. An old fisherman’s real life. C. Hemingway’s own experiences. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分,满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A I had passed the small community garden nearly every day for a year, never once pausing to take a closer look. It sat at the end of the quiet street, enclosed by a worn wooden fence, its rows of plants half-hidden by overgrown grass, looking untidy and uninviting to someone rushing through daily tasks. I was always busy with work deadlines and busy schedules, viewing such small, quiet spaces as nothing to do with my fast-paced life. It was not until a Saturday afternoon, when my usual afternoon plans fell through unexpectedly, that I found myself standing in front of the fence, curiosity getting the better of me for the first time. I pushed the gate open gently, the wood creaking (咯吱作响) softly, and stepped inside. The air was filled with the soft scent of blooming flowers and fresh soil, a sharp contrast to the noisy world I had been caught in for months. An elderly woman was kneeling on the ground, carefully pulling weeds from around a row of tomato plants, her hands moving slowly but steadily. She did not look up at first, focusing entirely on her work, and I stood there awkwardly, unsure whether to leave or stay. When she finally raised her head, her eyes crinkled (起皱) with a warm smile, and she gestured for me to come closer, speaking softly about the different plants and how she had tended the garden for nearly ten years. It was not a perfectly tidy garden, but it was full of life and quiet dedication. By the time I left, the sun was beginning to set, and I felt a lightness in my chest I had not felt in months. I had stumbled upon a reminder that joy and peace lie in stopping to notice small, overlooked beauties in life. 1. What can we infer about the author’s former life? A. She avoided daily affairs on purpose. B. She was tired of endless social activities. C. She held a negative attitude towards nature. D. She was stuck in a lifestyle lacking inner peace. 2. The underlined word “dedication” in paragraph 4 most probably means . A. wisdom B. courage C. devotion D. imagination 3. What does the visit to the garden bring to the author? A. A realization of the value of slowing down. B. A new hobby of exploring hidden scenic spots. C. A chance to learn professional gardening skills. D. A strong desire to change her living environment. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者偶然发现社区小花园并从中领悟生活真谛的经历。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的描述“I was always busy with work deadlines and busy schedules, viewing such small, quiet spaces as nothing to do with my fast-paced life. (我总是忙于工作截止日期和繁忙的日程，认为这些小而安静的空间与我快节奏的生活无关。)”以及最后一段“I had stumbled upon a reminder that joy and peace lie in stopping to notice small, overlooked beauties in life. (我偶然发现了一个提醒：快乐和安宁在于停下来注意生活中被忽视的小美好。)”可知，作者以前的生活陷入了一种缺乏内心平静的忙碌状态。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段的语境“It was not a perfectly tidy garden, but it was full of life and quiet dedication. (这不是一个非常整洁的花园，但充满了生机和安静的dedication。)”，结合前文提到老妇人“An elderly woman was kneeling on the ground, carefully pulling weeds from around a row of tomato plants, her hands moving slowly but steadily. (一位老妇人跪在地面上，正小心翼翼地从一排番茄植株周围拔除杂草，她的双手动作缓慢却稳健。)”以及“tended the garden for nearly ten years (照料花园近十年)”，可知“dedication”意为“奉献、投入”，与“devotion (热爱、奉献)”意思相近。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“I had stumbled upon a reminder that joy and peace lie in stopping to notice small, overlooked beauties in life. (我偶然发现了一个提醒：快乐和安宁在于停下来注意生活中被忽视的小美好。)”可知，花园之行让作者意识到放慢脚步的价值。 B California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素). The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent. Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源). But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪). Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season. 4. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California. B. The increasing variety of California big trees. C. The distribution of big trees in California forests. D. The influence of farming on big trees in California. 5. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees? A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting. C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures. 6. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre? A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season. C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. California’s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。根据一项研究显示，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，而气候变化似乎是其主要因素。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段中，作者用具体数据说明了大树损失在各个地区的严重程度，没有任何地区幸免或不受影响，故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).可知，对野火的控制使得加利福尼亚的森林里挤满了小树，与大树争夺资源，也就是对野火的控制是善意的，但对大树产生了不利的影响。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.可知，造成加州水资源短缺的最大因素是温度升高，这导致树木向空气中流失更多的水分，以及更早的融雪，这减少了旱季对树木的供水量。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，自20世纪30年代以来，加州已经损失了一半的大树，文章分析了引起该现象的几个主要因素。全文围绕“加州森林的大树都去哪儿了”话题展开，故选项A。 C In modern daily life, people fill almost every spare moment with endless short videos and quick online news. Such easy access to fast entertainment has quietly changed people’s reading habits, leaving traditional literary works far less favored than they once were. Many ordinary people have formed a fixed belief that novels and poems serve little practical purpose, unable to solve real-life troubles or bring immediate benefits, so they choose to stay away from serious reading completely. However, this view is one-sided. Literature is actually an irreplaceable treasure that benefits people greatly in the long run. When one spends time staying with literary works, they are no longer limited to their own life experience. Between the lines, they can quietly experience the joy and sorrow of characters living in different surroundings and times. This light emotional experience gradually shapes one’s inner sensitivity, allowing individuals to view life events from more than one angle instead of sticking to their own narrow understanding alone. Such inner growth can hardly be gained from those fast-paced online contents designed only for instant amusement. People are easily influenced by popular online views which are usually simple and one-sided, leaving little space for personal thought. Literary creation behaves quite differently. It seldom provides definite answers to complex life problems, nor does it force readers to accept fixed opinions. Instead, it presents complicated life situations and inner conflicts, pushing readers to sort out hidden relations, observe human nature, and form their own judgments independently. Some old literary works have survived hundreds of years and still attract modern readers. Behind their lasting attraction lie the shared human feelings and life puzzles that never change with time. Modern readers may find their own confusion and expectation reflected in those classic lines, feeling closely connected with strangers from distant generations. It is improper to regard literature as nothing more than a way to kill time. Its value lies in polishing people’s inner world, shaping their way of thinking, and helping them keep a clear mind in the chaos of the noisy flow of modern information. 8. What is the author’s major concern? A. Fast entertainment is changing people’s spare time. B. People ignore the long-term value of literary reading. C. Online opinions limit people’s independent thinking. D. Modern readers lose interest in short online entertainment. 9. How does literary reading promote people’s inner growth? A. By improving people’s inner feelings and views of life. B. By helping readers form independent judgments quickly. C. By freeing people from various real-life limitations. D. By offering different new ways to solve personal troubles. 10. Why can classic literary works attract modern readers? A. They exactly record real historical events. B. They provide fixed views on human nature. C. They completely set people free from modern noise. D. They carry everlasting human feelings and puzzles. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards people’s wrong idea against literature? A. Fully understanding. B. Strongly disapproving. C. Completely confused. D. Slightly doubtful. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文论述了在现代快节奏娱乐冲击下，文学阅读被忽视的现状及其不可替代的长期价值。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的描述“In modern daily life, people fill almost every spare moment with endless short videos and quick online news. Such easy access to fast entertainment has quietly changed people’s reading habits, leaving traditional literary works far less favored than they once were. (在现代日常生活中，人们几乎将每一刻空闲时间都用来观看无穷无尽的短视频和快速浏览网络新闻。这种便捷的即时娱乐方式悄然改变了人们的阅读习惯，使得传统文学作品远不如以往受欢迎。)”以及第二段的“Many ordinary people have formed a fixed belief that novels and poems serve little practical purpose, unable to solve real-life troubles or bring immediate benefits, so they choose to stay away from serious reading completely. However, this view is one-sided. Literature is actually an irreplaceable treasure that benefits people greatly in the long run. (许多普通人认为小说和诗歌几乎没有实际用途，无法解决现实生活中的问题，也无法带来即时利益，因此完全选择远离严肃阅读。然而，这种观点是片面的。文学实际上是一种不可替代的宝贵财富，从长远来看能给人带来巨大益处。)”可知，作者主要担忧的是人们忽视了文学阅读的长期价值。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“This light emotional experience gradually shapes one's inner sensitivity, allowing individuals to view life events from more than one angle instead of sticking to their own narrow understanding alone. (这种轻微的情感体验逐渐塑造一个人内心的敏感性，使个人能够从多个角度看待生活事件，而不是只坚持自己狭隘的理解。)”可知，文学阅读通过提升人们的内心感受和对生活的看法来促进内在成长。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段的句子“Behind their lasting attraction lie the shared human feelings and life puzzles that never change with time. (它们持久吸引力的背后是不随时间变化的共同人类情感和生活谜题。)”可知，经典文学作品能吸引现代读者是因为它们承载着永恒的人类情感和谜题。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“However, this view is one-sided. Literature is actually an irreplaceable treasure that benefits people greatly in the long run. (然而，这种观点是片面的。文学实际上是一种不可替代的财富，从长远来看，它给人们带来了巨大的好处。)”以及最后一段的句子“It is improper to regard literature as nothing more than a way to kill time. (将文学仅仅视为消磨时间的方式是不恰当的。)”可知，作者对人们否定文学价值的错误观点持强烈的反对态度。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online. They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. ____12____ Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch. ____13____ Some social media sites use those likes to determine how many people eventually see a post. One with many likes is more likely to be seen-and to get even more likes. What’s more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain. ____14____ For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink. That means that what you like online has the power to influence not just what others like, but even what they do. ____15____ And not always in a good way. For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around. Researchers also looked at the teens’ brains during this task. They saw activity in a part of the brain that’s involved in rewards, which suggests the teens were changing their behavior to try to get social approval. Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. ____16____ A. It can also lower the viewer’s self-control. B. A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post. C. It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave. D. Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center. E. And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them. F. But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection. G. Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family. 【答案】12. G 13. F 14. A 15. C 16. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是社交媒体是生活中的一部分及其对生活的影响。 【12题详解】 根据空前的“They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts.(他们利用其中一些时间在社交媒体帐户上发布图片并创建个人资料。)”可知，此处讲述的是青少年们在社交媒体中所作的事情，G选项“Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family.(他们所做的大部分工作是阅读和回复朋友和家人的帖子。)”中所描述的也是青少年在社交媒体中所做的事情，其中的they指代与上文的teens一致。故选G项。 【13题详解】 根据空前的“Clicking on a thumbs-up or a heart icon is an easy way to stay in touch.(单击竖起大拇指或心形图标是保持联系的简单方法。)”可知，小红心或者大拇指是点赞的位置，空后的“Some social media sites use those likes to determine how many people eventually see a post.(一些社交媒体网站使用这些喜欢来确定有多少人最终看到帖子。)”可知，获赞的多少决定了有多少人关注帖子，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与“点赞”相关，F选项“But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection.(但这些“赞”可以拥有超越简单联系的力量。)”中的“those likes”内容与空前后内容吻合。故选F项。 【14题详解】 根据空前的“What’s more, viewing posts with a lot of likes activates the reward system in our brain.(更重要的是，查看有很多赞的帖子会激活我们大脑中的奖励系统。)”可知，浏览贴子会激活大脑中的奖励体系，根据空后的“For example, posts related to alcohol may encourage teens to drink.(例如，与酒精相关的帖子可能会鼓励青少年饮酒。)”可知，与酒精相关的帖子可能会鼓励青少年饮酒，由此可知，此空处的内容是看到的帖子对青少年的影响，A选项“It can also lower the viewer’s self-control.(它还可以降低观众的自制力。)”讲述的是浏览贴子对青少年的影响，其中的it指代的是上文中的viewing posts，also未结题关键词，且内容与空前后一致。故选A项。 【15题详解】 根据空后的“And not always in a good way. (而且并不总是以一种好的方式。)”以及下文中的举例“For example, in one 2011 study, teens doing a driving task in a lab took more risks when their friends were around.(例如，在2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室做驾驶任务的青少年会冒更多的风险。)”可知，本段讲述的是青少年朋友在身边的影响，而且影响不总是好的，C选项“It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave.(这并不奇怪：来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为方式。)”讲述的是来自同龄人的反馈对青少年行为的影响，与空后内容衔接合理，且与举例说明的内容吻合。故选C项。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are.(但是帖子可能会夸大我们的朋友和其他人的感觉，使他们看起来比我们快乐得多。)”可知，帖子可能会使得他们看起来比我们更快乐，E选项“And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them.(这可能会不恰当地让我们觉得自己不如他们成功。)”中描述的内容与空前内容相对应，且其中的代词them以及us空前内容指代一致。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Preeti Maske started cycling at the age of 40, she had no idea a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records. Winning first place in a 5-km fun run at her children’s school was what first ____17____ Maske’s adventurous side. Maske ever played national-level hockey and basketball as a student, but after she became a mother, sports were ____18____ in her past. The ____19____ at her children’s school reignited (再次点燃) her ____20____ spirit. It was a cycling adventure from Kashmir to Kanyakumari that made Maske ____21____ cycling seriously. But being one of the few women in the group came with its own ____22____.“Keeping up with male riders was ____23____,” she says. “I was ____24____, but when I caught up with them, whenever they said ‘let’s go’, I would say ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been ____25____ for some time while I hadn’t.” Maske’s first ____26____ to set a world record was to cycle the 6,000-km-long highway. She overcame hardships and finished, but her ride didn’t ____27____. The loss only stimulated her to ____28____ trying and achieve records. Her latest cycling ____29____ was a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes. People of all ages write to tell her that she’s their ____30____. One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one, learnt and ____31____a 100-km ride. 17. A. reflected B. replaced C. approached D. awakened 18. A. fortunately B. frequently C. totally D. occasionally 19. A. lecture B. victory C. incident D. emergency 20. A. competitive B. descriptive C. cooperative D. creative 21. A. call off B. take up C. figure out D. break down 22. A. strengths B. duties C. features D. challenges 23. A. tough B. beneficial C. boring D. pleasant 24. A. shorter B. lazier C. slower D. poorer 25. A. cycling B. resting C. exercising D. cheering 26. A. attempt B. capability C. reason D. curiosity 27. A. appear B. matter C. qualify D. continue 28. A. imagine B. recommend C. keep D. postpone 29. A. advertisement B. breakthrough C. entertainment D. sightseeing 30. A. business B. follower C. reward D. inspiration 31. A. completed B. suggested C. charged D. protested 【答案】17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了普蕾蒂·马斯克四十岁开始骑行，克服重重困难五次打破吉尼斯世界纪录并激励他人的经历。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：在她孩子的学校举办的5公里趣味跑中获得第一名，这件事第一次唤醒了马斯克冒险的一面。A. reflected反映；B. replaced取代；C. approached接近；D. awakened唤醒。根据上文“Winning first place in a 5-km fun run”和下文“Maske’s adventurous side”、“reignited (再次点燃) her”可知，趣味跑的胜利唤醒了她冒险的一面。 【18题详解】 考查副词。句意：马斯克曾作为学生打过国家级曲棍球和篮球，但成为母亲后，运动完全成为了过去。A. fortunately幸运地；B. frequently频繁地；C. totally完全地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“Maske ever played national-level hockey and basketball as a student, but after she became a mother, sports were”可知，前后构成转折，当了妈妈后她彻底告别了体育运动，运动完全被搁置了。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：在孩子学校的胜利重新点燃了她的竞争精神。A. lecture讲座；B. victory胜利；C. incident事件；D. emergency紧急情况。根据上文“Winning first place”可知，这是一场胜利。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在孩子学校的胜利重新点燃了她的竞争精神。A. competitive竞争的，好胜的；B. descriptive描述的；C. cooperative合作的；D. creative创造性的。根据上文“Winning first place in a 5-km fun run”可知，她参加比赛获胜，体现的是竞争精神。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：正是从克什米尔到科摩林角的骑行冒险让马斯克认真开始骑行。A. call off取消；B. take up开始从事；C. figure out弄清楚；D. break down分解，出故障。根据下文“cycling seriously”可知，这次长途骑行让她正式投身骑行这项运动。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：但作为队伍中为数不多的女性之一，这本身就带来了挑战。A. strengths优势；B. duties职责；C. features特征；D. challenges挑战。根据下文“Keeping up with male riders was”和下文“when I caught up with them, whenever they said ‘let’s go’, I would say ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been ______ for some time while I hadn’t.”她追赶得十分吃力可知，这件事困难重重，这是挑战。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：跟上男性骑行者很艰难。A. tough艰难的；B. beneficial有益的；C. boring无聊的；D. pleasant愉快的。根据下文“when I caught up with them, whenever they said ‘let’s go’, I would say ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been ______ for some time while I hadn’t.”她追赶得十分吃力可知，这件事难度很大。 【24题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：我速度较慢，但当我追上他们时，每当他们说“出发吧”，我也会说“出发吧”——尽管他们已经休息了一段时间而我没有。A. shorter更矮的；B. lazier更懒的；C. slower更慢的；D. poorer更穷的。根据下文“when I caught up with them, whenever they said ‘let’s go’, I would say ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been ______ for some time while I hadn’t.”可知，她骑得慢。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：我速度较慢，但当我追上他们时，每当他们说“出发吧”，我也会说“出发吧”——尽管他们已经休息了一段时间而我没有。A. cycling骑行；B. resting休息；C. exercising锻炼；D. cheering欢呼。根据下文“while I hadn’t”可知，男骑手休息了而她没有。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：马斯克第一次尝试创造世界纪录是骑行6000公里的高速公路。A. attempt尝试；B. capability能力；C. reason原因；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“to set a world record”可知，这是她第一次尝试破纪录。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：她克服重重困难骑完全程，但是这次骑行没有达标。A. appear出现；B. matter重要；C. qualify达标，符合资格；D. continue继续。根据下文“The loss”可知，这次尝试没有成功获得纪录，没有达标。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：失败反而激励她继续尝试并取得纪录。A. imagine想象；B. recommend推荐；C. keep保持，继续；D. postpone推迟。根据下文“trying and achieve records. Her latest cycling ______ was a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes.”可知，失败没有让她放弃，而是继续尝试。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：她最近的骑行突破是一次在10天18小时40分钟内完成1803公里的旅程。A. advertisement广告；B. breakthrough突破；C. entertainment娱乐；D. sightseeing观光。根据下文“a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes.”数字可知，这是一项新的成就和突破。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：各个年龄段的人都写信告诉她，她是激励自己的榜样。A. business生意；B. follower追随者；C. reward奖励；D. inspiration鼓舞人心的人。根据下文“One of her friends who didn’t know how to ride a bicycle rented one, learnt and _____ a 100-km ride”可知，朋友受她鼓舞去骑行，证明她激励了很多人。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：她一个不会骑自行车的朋友租了一辆自行车，学会并完成了100公里的骑行。A. completed完成；B. suggested建议；C. charged收费，充电；D. protested抗议。根据下文“a 100-km ride”可知，朋友顺利完成了百公里骑行。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese lunar calendar ____32____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Frost’s Descent(霜降), ____33____18th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct. 23 and ends on Nov. 6. Frost’s Descent is the last solar term of autumn, during ____34____ time the weather becomes much ____35____(cold) and frost begins to appear. Frost consists of white ice crystals of frozen water vapor near the ground. During Frost’s Descent, frost starts to gather. But in the lower reaches of the Yellow River region, frost first appears in late October or early November. ____36____ Frost’s Descent comes, the world is filled 1 with the atmosphere of late autumn. ____37____(eat) persimmons (柿子) during Frost’s Descent can help people resist the freezing weather and protect their body ____38____ the cold. In the countryside, people believe that their lips ____39____(get) dry and even crack if they don’t eat persimmons during this period. The pear is another ____40____(recommend) fruit during Frost’s Descent, which can promote the secretion of body liquids, clear away heat _____41_____ reduce sputum (痰液). 【答案】32. divides 33. the 34. which 35. colder 36. As##When 37. Eating##To eat 38. from##against 39. will get 40. recommended 41. and 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍二十四节气之霜降，讲解霜降的时间、气候特点，以及霜降食用柿子、梨子的民间养生习俗。 【32题详解】 考查一般现在时。句意：中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。本句介绍客观常识，用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 【33题详解】 考查冠词。句意：霜降是一年中第18个节气，今年始于10月23日，结束于11月6日。序数词前需加定冠词the。 【34题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：霜降是秋季最后一个节气，在此期间气温大幅降低，白霜开始出现。固定结构during which time引导非限制性定语从句，指代霜降这段时间。 【35题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：霜降是秋季最后一个节气，在此期间气温大幅降低，白霜开始出现。much修饰形容词比较级，符合句意。 【36题详解】 考查时间状语从句连词。句意：当霜降来临，世间处处充满深秋氛围。句首用As/When均可引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：霜降吃柿子能够帮助人们抵御严寒。动名词或动词不定式均可作句子主语，句首单词首字母大写。 【38题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：霜降吃柿子能够帮助人们抵御严寒，保护身体不受寒气侵袭。固定搭配protect...from/against...，意为“保护……免受……伤害”。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：乡下人们认为，霜降期间不吃柿子，嘴唇就会干裂。if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：梨子是霜降另一款推荐食用的水果，可生津润燥、清热化痰。fruit和recommend为被动关系，用过去分词作前置定语。 【41题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：梨子是霜降另一款推荐食用的水果，可生津润燥、清热化痰。clear away heat与reduce sputum为并列谓语动作，用and连接。 第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列句子，在每个句子空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 42. Data about the moon’s composition could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are _________ (practice).（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】practical 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有关月球成分的数据可以帮助中国决定其未来月球基地的计划是否可行。作表语，应用形容词practical，表示“可行的”。故填practical。 43. It’s true that our future ______________ (determine) by many things, but our own attitude matters most. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is determined 【解析】 【详解】句意：诚然我们的未来由诸多事物决定，但我们自身的态度最为关键。主语our future和动词determine是被动关系，用被动结构be determined，后文matters为一般现在时，此处时态保持一致，be 动词用is。 44. Cao Xueqin’s A Dream of Red Mansions, one of the ______________ (significant) novels in Chinese literature, is a good example of this. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】most significant 【解析】 【详解】句意：曹雪芹的《红楼梦》，中国文学史上最重要的小说之一，就是一个很好的例子。固定结构one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数，意为“最……的……之一”。根据空前的one of the可知，本空用形容词最高级most significant。 45. Could you just give us a _____________(describe) of your cat, so we can help you find it? (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】description 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能给我们描述一下你的猫吗，这样我们就能帮你找到它？空格前有不定冠词 a 修饰，不定冠词后需接可数名词单数，所给词 describe 是动词，其名词形式为 description。 46. Teachers need to be ______________(sense) to the development level of each student so as to help them better. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sensitive 【解析】 【详解】句意：教师需要对每个学生的发展水平保持敏感，才能更好地帮助他们。根据句意可知，此处意为“对……敏感”，故应用形容词“sensitive敏感的”在句中作表语。 47. Usually a child’s behavior is a ________ (reflect) of his family. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】reflection 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：通常一个孩子的行为反映了他的家庭。分析句子并结合空前的a可知，空处应填名词单数作表语，reflection意为“反映”，故填reflection。 48. Its storyline follows the fall of a large _____________ (wealth) family much like the author’s own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wealthy 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：它的故事情节讲述了一个像作者自己家庭一样富裕的大家族的衰落。本句中family是名词，前面需要用形容词作定语。又因为所给词wealth是名词，其形容词形式是wealthy。 49. He treated them with _________ (generous) and thoughtfulness.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】generosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对他们既慷慨又体贴。根据句意及英文提示可知，此处使用名词generosity“慷慨”，作with的宾语，为不可数名词。故填generosity。 50. Every student in the class is capable _____________ passing the exam. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们班的每个学生都能通过考试。此处意为“能够做某事”，表达为be capable of doing sth.，故此处应用介词of。 51. In addition，most newspapers had little in them that would appeal_______________a mass audience. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：此外，大多数报纸几乎没有吸引大众的内容。appeal to吸引，固定短语。故填to。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 英语课标要求做课堂展示，请你根据所给图片，以“Development of Transport in China”为题写一篇发言稿。 shared bicycles high-speed train new energy vehicle 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 题目和首句已经为你写好。 Development of Transport in China From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 From the vehicle of horses to today’s convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. Among the representative means of transport are shared bicycles, high-speed trains, and new energy vehicles, giving Chinese people access to diverse ways of travelling. First and foremost, shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of environmental awareness and sharing economy. Not only have they relieved traffic congestion, but they have also fostered a culture of shared responsibility for our planet. In addition, high-speed trains, with a speed of up to 350 kilometers per hour, have gradually replaced normal trains, making long-distance travel more convenient for people. What attracts people most is the development of new energy vehicles, which provides a strong proof that China is committing itself to reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development. These innovations have transformed our way of travelling and they highlight China’s significant progress in technology and environmental sustainability. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生根据所给图片，以“Development of Transport in China”为题写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 巨大的/显著的：enormous→remarkable/tremendous/significant 促进：foster→prompt/facilitate/improve 证据/证明：proof→evidence 致力于：commit oneself to→devote oneself to/dedicate oneself to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Among the representative means of transport are shared bicycles, high-speed trains, and new energy vehicles, giving Chinese people access to diverse ways of travelling. 拓展句：Among the representative means of transport are shared bicycles, high-speed trains, and new energy vehicles, which give Chinese people access to diverse ways of travelling. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only have they relieved traffic congestion, but they have also fostered a culture of shared responsibility for our planet.（运用了not only置于句首构成的部分倒装句式） 【高分句型2】What attracts people most is the development of new energy vehicles, which provides a strong proof that China is committing itself to reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development.（运用了what引导的主语从句；运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；且该从句中that引导同位语从句，为proof的同位语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sweat dripped from Callie’s face as she helped her big brother Briggs load hay bales (干草捆) onto the conveyor (输送机). She wasn’t strong enough to lift them herself, but she could at least help drag them into place. The machine chattered noisily while it carried the bales up to the hayloft, where Callie’s dad stacked them. All was quiet when Callie went inside to feed the horses. But as she filled the water buckets, she thought she heard a faint meow from the hayloft. She climbed the steps to the loft and listened. The sound seemed to be coming from behind the bales. She ran to get her dad and Briggs. Briggs cocked his head. “It’s coming from outside,” he determined. “Just a bird in a tree.” Callie’s dad agreed. “How do you know for sure?” Callie said. “I guess we’ve just got better ears than you,” Briggs joked. But Callie wasn’t convinced. She checked the hayloft again after supper. “Are you stuck in there, kitty?” she said, pressing an ear to the bales. Callie raced back to the house. “I heard it again, Dad! Will you please listen once more?” “All right, Cal,” her dad said, turning off the TV. “I’ll go check while you get ready for bed.” A few minutes later, Dad poked his head into Callie’s room. “The only thing I heard out there was a screech owl,” he said. “So stop worrying.” “OK, Dad,” Callie said. “Thanks for checking.” But she woke in the night thinking about what she’d heard. What if a kitten was trapped behind the bales? She lay on her back, wondering what to do. Finally, she grabbed a flashlight and crept into the barn. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Once in the barn, she shined the flashlight’s beam toward the ladder. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, Callie picked up the scared kitten from the corner of the hayloft. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Once in the barn, she shined the flashlight's beam toward the ladder. Her heart pounding, Callie climbed up to the hayloft. She moved carefully between the hay bales, listening intently. Suddenly, she heard a faint meow coming from a far corner. Excited but cautious, Callie inched her way towards the sound, moving hay bales aside one by one. As she neared the source, the meowing grew louder and more desperate. Finally, behind the last bale, she spotted a tiny black and white kitten, its eyes wide with fear. Finally, Callie picked up the scared kitten from the corner of the hayloft. She cradled it gently in her arms, the little kitten shivering all over. It snuggled against her, seemingly relieved to be found. Callie carefully made her way down the ladder and rushed back to the house. She woke her father and brother, proudly showing them the kitten and explaining how she had trusted her instincts. Her family was amazed and proud of her persistence. She decided to name the kitten“Lucky” and vowed to care for it until they could find its owner or, if necessary, give it a permanent home on their farm. 【解析】 【导语】本文以寻找小猫为线索展开，讲述了Callie在帮助父亲和哥哥做农活的时候，听到小猫的叫声，但哥哥和父亲却说听到的是鸟叫声，但是Callie后来又听到了小猫的叫声，而父亲认为听到的是猫头鹰的叫声，让Callie不用担心，但是半夜醒来后，Callie仍然不放心地去谷仓看看并发现一只小猫的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“一进谷仓，她就把手电筒的光束照向梯子。”可知，第一段可描写Callie进入谷仓后怎么做的，又发现了什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，Callie从草垛的角落里抱起了受惊的小猫。”可知，第二段可描写Callie发现的小猫的情况以及Callie接下来又是怎么做的。 2.续写线索：进入谷仓——听到猫叫——发现小猫——抱回屋内——家人感受——最后决定 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①(心脏)跳动：pound/beat ②缓慢前行：inch one’s way/move slowly ③快速返回：rush back to/return rapidly to/dash back 情绪类 ①受惊吓的： scared /frightened ②惊讶的：amazed/surprised/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1]. She moved carefully between the hay bales, listening intently. （运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语） [高分句型2]. Finally, behind the last bale, she spotted a tiny black and white kitten, its eyes wide with fear. （运用了独立主格结构） [高分句型3]. She woke her father and brother, proudly showing them the kitten and explaining how she had trusted her instincts. （运用了现在分词短语作状语以及how引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $