衔接点15 宾语从句与表语从句用法（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

衔接点15 宾语从句与表语从句用法 初中视角 高中展望 初中主要学习宾语从句与表语从句的用法。重点学习宾语从句的基本结构（引导词 + 陈述句语序）；主语从句、同位语从句接触的比较少。 在高中阶段，我们将加强学习表语从句、宾语从句、以它的各种连接词为学习主线，同时重点学习掌握主语从句、同位语从句。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 宾语从句 初中主要聚焦宾语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 1．—Could you tell me ________ the Sihong Wetland Park? —Sure. Take the No. 101 bus and it will take you right there. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when can I get to D．when I can get to 2．It depends on ________ we can organize a visit to the botany museum next month. A．whether B．that C．if D．how 3．Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time. A．what B．that C．if D．whether 4．Our teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．to travel C．travelling D．travelled 5．—I’m excited about the coming basketball match. Do you know ________? —This Friday night. A．where I can watch it B．whether our team will win C．how can our team win D．when it will start 6．I’m not sure ________ we can visit the museum showing Wang Wencai’s plant specimens. A．who B．if C．that D．where 考点2 表语从句 初中主要聚焦表语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 7．Home is ________the heart is. There is no other place like it. A．where B．how C．why D．when 8．You will always meet new friends on your journey and that’s _________ you never tire of travelling. A．why B．what C．where D．when 9．The ticket to the zoo is free for children. That’s ________ it’s so popular with families. A．because B．why C．what D．where 10．Actually, girls can be ________ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot or a general manager. A．wherever B．however C．whatever D．whenever 11．Of course, I can help you with your English study. That’s ________ I’m good at. A．when B．how C．what D．why 12．Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill. That’s ______ he developed a deep love for it after watching it. A．how B．why C．where D．whether 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 · 一、宾语从句 1. 三类引导词 · that：陈述语义，无词义，动词后可省，介词后不可省 · if/whether：表 “是否”；介词后、whether…or not、whether to do 仅用 whether · what/who/when/where/why/how：从句缺主 / 宾用代词，缺状语用副词 1. 硬性规则：一律陈述语序；主句过去时，从句时态同步后退；客观真理永用一般现在时 2. 高频难点 ① I/We think/believe… 否定转移；② find/think it + adj. + that（it 作形式宾语）；③ doubt 肯定句用 whether，否定 / 疑问句用 that 例句：I doubt whether he will come. / I find it easy that we finish the task. · 二、表语从句 1. 三类引导词 · that：从句完整无缺，无词义，永远不能省略 · whether：表 “是否”，只能用 whether，不用 if · what/who/when/where/why/how：依从句缺失成分选用 1. 基础框架：be/seem/become/remain 等系动词后接从句 2. 必考固定句型 The reason why…is that…（不用 because）；This is why…（表结果）；This is because…（表原因） 例句：My worry is that we miss the bus. / The reason why he left is that he was busy. · 三、通用判断逻辑 1. 位置：动词 / 介词后→宾语从句；系动词后→表语从句 2. if/whether 区分：仅宾语从句可单用 if，其余场景只用 whether 3. that 区分：宾语从句动词后可省略，表语从句一律不可省 考点清单 考点一、宾语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主语从句和表语从句一样，使用连词、连接代词和连接副词等引导。 常用来引导宾语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句在句子中可以用作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。 1.动词宾语从句 I was told (that) I had to cut out alcohol.我被告知必须戒酒。 I don’t know whether/if the banks are open.我不知道银行是否营业。 Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift.乔想弄清楚是谁给他买的这个礼物。 Mary asked where she could find the biggest park in the city.玛丽问这座城市最大的公园在哪儿。 2.介词宾语从句 A.that只在expect，in和but等少数介词后引导从句作介词的宾语。 We know nothing expect that Joe is from America. 除了知道乔是来自美国之外，我们什么都不知道。 He differed from other people in that he always looked further ahead in his work. 他和别人不同的是他在工作中比别人都看得远些。 I could say nothing but that I was sorry.我非常抱歉。（我除了说抱歉之外，没什么可说的。） B.由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。 My teacher was satisfied with what I did.我的老师对我所做的一切感到满意。 What we should take with us depend on where we’ll stay.我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。 C.不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句。 某些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句，常省去介词。 I don’t care whether he is the headmaster or not.（省略介词）我不在乎他是不是校长。 重要：如果不及物动词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则介词不能省略。 I don’t care about him.我不在乎他。 I insist that you should learn a second language.（省略介词） =I insist on your learning a second language.（不能省略介词）我坚持让你学第二语言。 D.某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。 在表示知觉、感情等的形容词如sure，afraid，glad，certain等之后，如果跟宾语从句，则省去介词。 I’m afraid that I’ll be late.（省略介词）恐怕我要迟到了。 重要：如果形容词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则不能省略介词。 I’m afraid of being late.我害怕迟到。 I’m sure that we’ll win the match.（省略介词）我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。 I am sure that he’ll win.（省略介词） =I am sure of his winning.（不能省略介词）我肯定他会赢。 He is glad that you passed the exam.（省略介词） =He is glad of your passing the exam.（不能省略介词）他为你能通过考试而高兴。 考点二、表语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作表语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为表语从句。表语从句可以由连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，并且不能省略。 常用来引导表语从句的词 连词 that，weather 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman.我认为那位村民确实没有理解警察的意思。 that在表语从句中不作成分，没有词义，不可省略，但在口语中有时可省略。 That’s what we should do.这是我们的本分。 what在表语从句中作宾语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.问题是老虎是怎么从笼子里出去的。 how在表语从句中作状语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 That is why they decided to hold a meeting.这就是他们为什么决定要开会的原因。 This is where I met Mary for the first time.这就是我第一次遇见玛丽的地方。 一、单句语法填空 1．What the doctor really doubts is he will recover from the serious disease soon. (用适当的词填空) 2．Being a good listener is a kind of quality, which is it takes to keep friendship. (用适当的词填空) 3．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 4．People with concerns over artificial intelligence are wondering computers could think. (用适当的词填空) 5．We should take it into consideration   great achievements require lifelong effort. （用适当的词填空） 6．The expert said from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. (根据句意单词拼写) 7．Through the documentary, Dave gained a better understanding of these stories are so appealing to readers worldwide. (用适当的词填空) 8．He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see was left of the ship for himself. (用适当的词填空) 9．Susan’s experiences show that if an individual excels in their professional capacity, then a question of   they are female or male is not important. (用适当的词填空) 10．What made us confused was we should choose the original version or the simplified one of the article. (用适当的词填空) 二、完成句子 1．我想知道你是否方便本周五下午和我一起去看艺术展。 I ________________ to go to the art exhibition with me this Friday afternoon. 2．我不明白死亡意味着什么。 I didn’t understand ________________. 3．Looking around at your friends and classmates should remind ________________. 环顾周围的朋友和同学，你就会发现，你有很多同伴。 4．We hurried to the station only ________. 我们匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知火车已经开走了。 5．Can you tell me __________________? 你能告诉我你是在哪儿学的英语吗? 6．室内植物看起来好像坐在那儿无所事事， …… (as if) Indoor plants might look_________________________________, … 7．冬青低处枝条上的叶子比高出枝条上的叶子刺多。这是因为动物更容易够得着。 (This is because...) Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. ________ the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. 8．我的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。 My suggestion is ________________ every day. 9．我想知道的是我能做什么来帮助你学习英语。 What I want to know is ________________ to help with your English. 10．Jane is no longer ________________ ten years ago. 简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。 一、语篇填空（ 宾语从句与表语从句用法专练） I believe 1.________ every effort will finally pay off. I still wonder 2.________ I can make greater progress in study. My question is 3.________ I should stick to my daily review plan. We discussed 4.________ we would hold a volunteer activity. No one knew 5.________ place we would choose for the activity. The truth is 6.________ teamwork plays a key role in our work. I asked our monitor 7.________ we could set off early tomorrow morning. Our hope is 8.________ we can help more elderly people. I can’t figure out 9.________ we should prepare for the activity. Everyone wants to know 10.________ the volunteer activity will start. 二、阅读理解 A My husband and I were once in Nepal (尼泊尔) to see sunrise over the Himalayas. One morning we awoke to total darkness at 5 o’clock. As we rushed through a town with cameras in hand, I noticed the calm, gentle way the Nepalese people greeted the morning. One man boiled a huge pot of milk tea, and other villagers gathered around his fire, cupping their hands around small glasses of the steaming sweet mixture. It was fascinating, but not to be left behind, we joined the stream of tourists moving quickly up to the lookout point. The top was crowded when we arrived, but after 10 minutes of cold waiting, the assembled group gave up. “The cloud cover is too heavy,” one said. Then one by one they rushed down the hill to the next item on their sightseeing list. I was disappointed as well, but suddenly I noticed a small Nepalese boy absently playing with a stick and shooting quick glances at the clouds. He must know something we don’t, I thought. I decided to wait with him. The boy and I didn’t have to wait long. Moments later, a tiny stream of golden light burned through one thick cloud, then another. Rose-colored fog warmed the backs of the clouds, and suddenly the morning sun stole a glance around the side of the mountain, miles above where I’d expected it to be. Nothing I’d seen before prepared me for the moment the clouds withdrew with bowed heads, and the magnificent Himalayas were revealed before, around, and above me. I sat in astonishment, not breathing, not daring to look away, certain that God had placed me here at the backdoor of Earth to show me what Heaven really looks like. I certainly got the message. Never again will I rush a sunrise. I now know Nature will supply her fruits to me only when I am truly ready to receive them. 1．What does “It” in Paragraph 2 most probably imply? A．The darkness of the town in the morning. B．The huge pot of milk tea boiling on the fire. C．The way the local people welcomed the day. D．The stream of tourists rushing to the lookout point. 2．The author decided to wait with the Nepalese boy because A．she felt kind of having faith in him B．the restless tourists disappointed her C．that boy was praying to the sun with a magic stick D．she had nothing more to see on her sightseeing list 3．Which of the following words best describe the author’s feeling when she saw the sunrise? A．Totally shocked. B．Absolutely amazed. C．Truly frightened. D．Extremely interested. 4．What can be concluded from the passage? A．Do in Rome as the Romans do. B．God helps those who help themselves. C．Time and tide wait for no man. D．Fortune rewards those having patience. B Val de Bagnes, Swiss Alps Pre-ski season, Switzerland shows a different side to mountain life. It’s a short distance from Geneva to pretty Lausanne on the shores of Lake Geneva, and above, in the Val de Bagnes, 4, 000-metre peaks cradle villages in the clouds. Older children will get a lot out of the activities available in the small resort of Verbier, including yoga, mountain biking and a spectacular suspension bridge walk over the Bisse du Torrent Neuf. Lots of activities are included with the free “Verbier Infinite Playground Pass”, which also offers unlimited cable car rides.Cruising the Canal du Midi Running for 240 km through the Languedoc from Toulouse to the Med, France’s celebrated Canal du Midi is far south enough for daytime temperatures to average about 21 degrees Celsius in October — perfect for taking to the water. Hire company Le Boat has a handful of vessels and easy-to-follow itinerary suggestions for October half-term. Hit the sandy beach at Portiragnes, try watersports at Lac de Jouarres in Homps and marvel at the medieval wonders of Carcassonne and Béziers. The canal locks, tunnels, aqueducts and bridges alone offer simple pleasures for would-be sailors.Rural Romania Designed as a conservation project to preserve handful of Romania’s old rural village houses, Palaga Lodge offers families the chance to truly unplug and get back to nature. The location near little-known Maramures Mountains Natural Park, right on the Ukraine border, is remote. Accommodation consists of five traditional dwellings (居所) converted into spacious holiday cottages, lovingly decorated with French antiques. Hiking, fishing and horse riding are the main activities, and days end around an open fire. If you’re lucky, you might spot wolves and bears.Active Amsterdam For families that can’t sit still, it’s hard to beat Amsterdam for entertainment. There are evening pizza cruises on the canals, or tourists can help clean up the urban waterways on an educational plastic-fishing trip. Older kids will be bowled over by Straat, the larger-than-life 8, 000-sq-metre street art and graffiti museum that opened at the old NDSM shipyard recently. In the same vein, there’s also the permanent Banksy exhibition at Moco modern art museum. Fewer tourists this autumn will also make it a good time to visit the Anne Frank House Museum, too. 5．If you want to get close to nature, which of the following is NOT an ideal destination? A．Val de Bagnes B．Canal du Midi C．Amsterdam D．Romania 6．Which of the following is a common trait of the four holidays? A．Outdoor activities. B．Comfortable accommodation. C．Historical wonders. D．Art appreciation 7．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The villages in the Val de Bagnes are located high in the mountains. B．The temperature is perfect in October for people to enjoy watersports in Homps. C．You may enjoy yourselves at the Anne Frank House Museum thanks to less crowds. D．Wildlife spotting is one of the greatest appeals of the spacious Palaga Lodge. 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 衔接点15 宾语从句与表语从句用法 初中视角 高中展望 初中主要学习宾语从句与表语从句的用法。重点学习宾语从句的基本结构（引导词 + 陈述句语序）；主语从句、同位语从句接触的比较少。 在高中阶段，我们将加强学习表语从句、宾语从句、以它的各种连接词为学习主线，同时重点学习掌握主语从句、同位语从句。 衔接引导 初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、选择题等基础形式考查语法知识。 高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。 【初中考点聚焦】 考点1 宾语从句 初中主要聚焦宾语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 1．—Could you tell me ________ the Sihong Wetland Park? —Sure. Take the No. 101 bus and it will take you right there. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when can I get to D．when I can get to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去泗洪湿地公园吗？——当然。坐 101 路公交车直达。 how can I get to我怎样能到达；how I can get to我怎样能到达；when can I get to我何时能到达；when I can get to我何时能到达。“Could you tell me”后接宾语从句，从句必须使用陈述语序，答语回答的是交通方式，应用how引导宾语从句。应填how I can get to。 2．It depends on ________ we can organize a visit to the botany museum next month. A．whether B．that C．if D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这件事取决于我们下个月是否组织一次去植物博物馆的参观。 whether是否；that引导宾语从句,无实际语义；if是否，如果；how如何。depend on是介词短语，后跟宾语从句只能用whether，不能用if。 3．Wang Wencai’s granddaughter didn’t know ________ her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time. A．what B．that C．if D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：很长一段时间，王文采的孙女都不知道她的祖父是一位世界著名的科学家。 what什么；that引导宾语从句，无实义；if是否；whether是否。“didn’t know...her grandfather was a world-famous scientist for a long time”表明从句是表示既定事实的完整陈述句，不缺成分，应用that引导宾语从句，无实义，仅起连接作用，应填that。 4．Our teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．to travel C．travelling D．travelled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们光比声音传播快。 travels传播（第三人称单数）；to travel去传播（不定式）；travelling传播（现在分词）；travelled传播（过去式）。虽然主句“Our teacher told us”是一般过去时，但从句内容“光比声音传播快”是客观真理，不受主句时态影响，需用一般现在时。主语light是第三人称单数，谓语动词用travels。 5．—I’m excited about the coming basketball match. Do you know ________? —This Friday night. A．where I can watch it B．whether our team will win C．how can our team win D．when it will start 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我对即将到来的篮球比赛感到兴奋。你知道它什么时候开始吗？——这周五晚上。 where I can watch it我在哪里可以观看；whether our team will win我们队是否会赢；how can our team win我们队如何能赢（疑问语序错误，应为how our team can win）；when it will start它什么时候开始。答语“This Friday night”指的是时间，因此问句询问的是时间，应用when引导。应填when it will start。 6．I’m not sure ________ we can visit the museum showing Wang Wencai’s plant specimens. A．who B．if C．that D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不确定我们是否能参观展出王文采植物标本的博物馆。 who谁；if是否；that（引导宾语从句无实义）；where哪里。根据题干“I’m not sure”及句意，表示“是否”，应用if引导宾语从句，应填if。 考点2 表语从句 初中主要聚焦表语从句从属连词的选择、语序及时态一致。 7．Home is ________the heart is. There is no other place like it. A．where B．how C．why D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：心所在的地方就是家。没有其他地方像它一样。 考查特殊疑问词。where哪里；how如何；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“There is no other place like it.”可知，心在哪里，家在哪里，故选A。 8．You will always meet new friends on your journey and that’s _________ you never tire of travelling. A．why B．what C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你总能在旅途中遇到新朋友，那就是你永远不会厌倦旅行的原因。 考查从句引导词。why为什么；what什么；where哪里；when何时。根据“You will always meet new friends on your journey and that’s…you never tire of travelling.”可知是指那就是你永远不会厌倦旅行的原因。故选A。 9．The ticket to the zoo is free for children. That’s ________ it’s so popular with families. A．because B．why C．what D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：动物园的门票对儿童免费。这就是为什么它在家庭中如此受欢迎。 考查表语从句。because因为；why为什么；what什么；where在哪里。根据“The ticket to the zoo is free for children”可知，因为动物园的门票对儿童免费，所以它在家庭中很欢迎，此处应用that’s why“那就是为什么”。故选B。 10．Actually, girls can be ________ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot or a general manager. A．wherever B．however C．whatever D．whenever 【答案】C 【详解】句意：事实上，女孩可以像男孩一样成为她们想成为的人，无论是飞行员还是总经理。 考查表语从句。wherever无论哪里；however无论如何；whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时。根据“girls can be…they want to be just like boys”可知，谓语be后面缺少表语，表示职业，故用whatever充当。故选C。 11．Of course, I can help you with your English study. That’s ________ I’m good at. A．when B．how C．what D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当然，我可以帮助你学习英语。那是我擅长的。 考查表语从句。when什么时候；how怎么样；what什么；why为什么。根据“That’s...I’m good at.”可知，设空处引导表语从句，且在从句中充当宾语成分，C选项符合句意及语法要求。故选C。 12．Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill. That’s ______ he developed a deep love for it after watching it. A．how B．why C．where D．whether 【答案】B 【详解】句意：京剧对比尔来说是如此神奇的艺术。这就是他在观看之后对它产生深厚感情的原因。 考查表语从句。how如何；why为什么；where哪里；whether是否。根据“Beijing Opera was such an amazing art for Bill.”可知，京剧对比尔来说是如此神奇的艺术，因此说明产生深厚感情的原因。故选B。 【高中考点聚焦】 课标解读 · 一、宾语从句 1. 三类引导词 · that：陈述语义，无词义，动词后可省，介词后不可省 · if/whether：表 “是否”；介词后、whether…or not、whether to do 仅用 whether · what/who/when/where/why/how：从句缺主 / 宾用代词，缺状语用副词 1. 硬性规则：一律陈述语序；主句过去时，从句时态同步后退；客观真理永用一般现在时 2. 高频难点 ① I/We think/believe… 否定转移；② find/think it + adj. + that（it 作形式宾语）；③ doubt 肯定句用 whether，否定 / 疑问句用 that 例句：I doubt whether he will come. / I find it easy that we finish the task. · 二、表语从句 1. 三类引导词 · that：从句完整无缺，无词义，永远不能省略 · whether：表 “是否”，只能用 whether，不用 if · what/who/when/where/why/how：依从句缺失成分选用 1. 基础框架：be/seem/become/remain 等系动词后接从句 2. 必考固定句型 The reason why…is that…（不用 because）；This is why…（表结果）；This is because…（表原因） 例句：My worry is that we miss the bus. / The reason why he left is that he was busy. · 三、通用判断逻辑 1. 位置：动词 / 介词后→宾语从句；系动词后→表语从句 2. if/whether 区分：仅宾语从句可单用 if，其余场景只用 whether 3. that 区分：宾语从句动词后可省略，表语从句一律不可省 考点清单 考点一、宾语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作宾语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为宾语从句。宾语从句与主语从句和表语从句一样，使用连词、连接代词和连接副词等引导。 常用来引导宾语从句的词 连词 that，whether 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句在句子中可以用作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。 1.动词宾语从句 I was told (that) I had to cut out alcohol.我被告知必须戒酒。 I don’t know whether/if the banks are open.我不知道银行是否营业。 Joe wanted to know who bought him the gift.乔想弄清楚是谁给他买的这个礼物。 Mary asked where she could find the biggest park in the city.玛丽问这座城市最大的公园在哪儿。 2.介词宾语从句 A.that只在expect，in和but等少数介词后引导从句作介词的宾语。 We know nothing expect that Joe is from America. 除了知道乔是来自美国之外，我们什么都不知道。 He differed from other people in that he always looked further ahead in his work. 他和别人不同的是他在工作中比别人都看得远些。 I could say nothing but that I was sorry.我非常抱歉。（我除了说抱歉之外，没什么可说的。） B.由连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作介词的宾语。 My teacher was satisfied with what I did.我的老师对我所做的一切感到满意。 What we should take with us depend on where we’ll stay.我们需要随身带什么东西，取决于我们将在什么地方停留。 C.不及物动词后跟介词宾语从句。 某些不及物动词后边如果跟宾语从句，常省去介词。 I don’t care whether he is the headmaster or not.（省略介词）我不在乎他是不是校长。 重要：如果不及物动词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则介词不能省略。 I don’t care about him.我不在乎他。 I insist that you should learn a second language.（省略介词） =I insist on your learning a second language.（不能省略介词）我坚持让你学第二语言。 D.某些形容词后跟介词宾语从句。 在表示知觉、感情等的形容词如sure，afraid，glad，certain等之后，如果跟宾语从句，则省去介词。 I’m afraid that I’ll be late.（省略介词）恐怕我要迟到了。 重要：如果形容词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语，则不能省略介词。 I’m afraid of being late.我害怕迟到。 I’m sure that we’ll win the match.（省略介词）我确信我们会赢得这场比赛。 I am sure that he’ll win.（省略介词） =I am sure of his winning.（不能省略介词）我肯定他会赢。 He is glad that you passed the exam.（省略介词） =He is glad of your passing the exam.（不能省略介词）他为你能通过考试而高兴。 考点二、表语从句的用法 在主从复合句中，作表语的是一个从句，这个从句就称为表语从句。表语从句可以由连词、连接代词和连接副词引导，并且不能省略。 常用来引导表语从句的词 连词 that，weather 连接代词 what，whatever，who，whoever，which，whichever等 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 My opinion is that the villager really didn’t understand the policeman.我认为那位村民确实没有理解警察的意思。 that在表语从句中不作成分，没有词义，不可省略，但在口语中有时可省略。 That’s what we should do.这是我们的本分。 what在表语从句中作宾语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 The question is how the tiger got out of the cage.问题是老虎是怎么从笼子里出去的。 how在表语从句中作状语，不能省略，从句中的语序为陈述语序。 That is why they decided to hold a meeting.这就是他们为什么决定要开会的原因。 This is where I met Mary for the first time.这就是我第一次遇见玛丽的地方。 一、单句语法填空 1．What the doctor really doubts is he will recover from the serious disease soon. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：医生真正怀疑的是他是否能很快从重病中康复。空处需用连接词引导表语从句，根据空前“doubts”和空后“he will recover from the serious disease soon”可知，此处表达“是否”之意，所以空处需用连接词whether引导表语从句。故填whether。 2．Being a good listener is a kind of quality, which is it takes to keep friendship. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：做一个好的倾听者是一种品质，这是保持友谊所需要的。空处引导表语从句，表语从句中缺少take的宾语，表示“这是保持友谊所需要的品质”，所以用what引导该从句。故填what。 3．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 4．People with concerns over artificial intelligence are wondering computers could think. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：对人工智能感到担忧的人们想知道计算机是否能够思考。“ computers could think”是宾语从句，根据句意，人们对计算机是否能思考感到疑惑，所以用连词whether或if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。 5．We should take it into consideration   great achievements require lifelong effort. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们应当考虑到，伟大的成就需要毕生的努力。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格后的宾语从句，从句意义完整，不缺成分，所以应该用连词that引导从句。故填that。 6．The expert said from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. (根据句意单词拼写) 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：专家说，从它尸体的位置来看，这只熊似乎是饿死的。said后接宾语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。 7．Through the documentary, Dave gained a better understanding of these stories are so appealing to readers worldwide. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】why 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：通过这部纪录片，戴夫更清楚地理解了为什么这些故事对全世界的读者如此有吸引力。本空引导宾语从句，关系词在从句中作原因状语，表示 “为什么”，用why引导。故填why。 8．He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see was left of the ship for himself. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：他与历史学家交谈以确保细节准确，甚至亲自下到大西洋海底去看看那艘船还剩下什么。see后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，用what。故填what。 9．Susan’s experiences show that if an individual excels in their professional capacity, then a question of   they are female or male is not important. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：苏珊的经历表明，如果一个人在专业能力上表现出色，那么他们是男性还是女性的问题并不重要。分析句子结构，空格后的 “they are female or male”是一个完整的从句，作介词“of”的宾语。当表示“是否”且与 “or”连用构成“是……还是……”的选择关系时，应用whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。 10．What made us confused was we should choose the original version or the simplified one of the article. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让我们困惑的是我们应该选择这篇文章的原版还是简化版。根据“was”及“or”可知，此空引导表语从句，表达选择关系，应是whether。whether... or...是固定搭配，意为“是……还是……”。故填whether。 二、完成句子 1．我想知道你是否方便本周五下午和我一起去看艺术展。 I ________________ to go to the art exhibition with me this Friday afternoon. 【答案】wonder if/whether you are available 【详解】表示“想知道”用动词wonder，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为I；后跟宾语从句，表示“是否”用if或whether；主语为you；表示“方便，有空”用形容词available，作表语。 2．我不明白死亡意味着什么。 I didn’t understand ________________. 【答案】what the death meant 【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。understand后接宾语从句，what引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，the death表示“死亡” ，mean表达“意味着” 。主句为一般过去时，从句也用过去时态，故填what the death meant。 3．Looking around at your friends and classmates should remind ________________. 环顾周围的朋友和同学，你就会发现，你有很多同伴。 【答案】that you are not alone 【详解】考查宾语从句。“你有很多同伴”即“你并不是独自一人”，用宾语从句，从句中主语用you；表示“不孤单”用are not alone；从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that you are not alone。 4．We hurried to the station only ________. 我们匆忙赶到车站，结果却被告知火车已经开走了。 【答案】to be told that the train had left 【详解】考查不定式，宾语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“结果却被告知火车已经开走了”，“结果却”用only to do表出乎意料的结果，“被告知”是be told that...，that引导的是宾语从句，“火车”是the train，“开走”是leave，用过去完成时had left表示先于hurried的动作，故填to be told that the train had left。 5．Can you tell me __________________? 你能告诉我你是在哪儿学的英语吗? 【答案】where you picked up your English 【详解】考查宾语从句。根据句意，此处表示“你是在哪儿学的英语吗”需用宾语从句作宾语，宾语从句用陈述语序，结合句意，此处使用“where”引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语，表示“你”为you为主语，“学会（语言）”为动词短语pick up为谓语，表示“英语”为your English作宾语，结合句意，从句描述过去行为用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为picked up。故填where you picked up your English。 6．室内植物看起来好像坐在那儿无所事事， …… (as if) Indoor plants might look_________________________________, … 【答案】as if they just sit around not doing much 【详解】句中look是系动词，提示词as if（好像）用来引导表语从句，意为“看起来好像”；“坐在那儿”使用动词短语just sit around，“无所事事”可译为 not do much，和逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作伴随状语；从句主语指代复数名词Indoor plants用they，此处描述现状，用一般现在时。 7．冬青低处枝条上的叶子比高出枝条上的叶子刺多。这是因为动物更容易够得着。 (This is because...) Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. ________ the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. 【答案】This is because 【详解】空处需填“这是因为”的英语表述，陈述客观原因用一般现在时，位于句首，用This is because表示，代词This指代前文提到的全部现象，because引导表语从句说明具体原因，首字母大写。 8．我的建议是我们应该每天练习读英语。 My suggestion is ________________ every day. 【答案】that we (should) practice reading English 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“我们应该每天练习读英语”，应用that引导的表语从句，因suggestion表示“建议”，其后表语从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即 (should) + 动词原形；“我们”翻译为we；“练习做某事”应用固定短语practice doing sth.，故“练习读英语”翻译为practice reading English。 9．我想知道的是我能做什么来帮助你学习英语。 What I want to know is ________________ to help with your English. 【答案】what I can do 【详解】考查表语从句。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what；主语为I；表示“做”用动词do，且can后跟动词原形。故填what I can do。 10．Jane is no longer ________________ ten years ago. 简再也不是十年前的那个样子了。 【答案】what she was 【详解】考查表语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“（她）十年前的那个样子”；句子为表语从句，从句中“……的样子”用what引导，并在从句中作从句表语；“她”用she作从句主语；“十年前”提示从句时态为一般过去时，be动词用was。故填what she was。 一、语篇填空（ 宾语从句与表语从句用法专练） I believe 1.________ every effort will finally pay off. I still wonder 2.________ I can make greater progress in study. My question is 3.________ I should stick to my daily review plan. We discussed 4.________ we would hold a volunteer activity. No one knew 5.________ place we would choose for the activity. The truth is 6.________ teamwork plays a key role in our work. I asked our monitor 7.________ we could set off early tomorrow morning. Our hope is 8.________ we can help more elderly people. I can’t figure out 9.________ we should prepare for the activity. Everyone wants to know 10.________ the volunteer activity will start. 一、答案 1. that 2. if/whether 3. whether 4. where 5. what 6. that 7. when 8. that 9. how 10. when 二、文章大意 我相信所有付出终会有所回报。我一直想知道自己能否在学习上取得更大进步。我的疑问是我是否该坚持每日复习计划。 我们讨论了我们要在哪里举办志愿活动。没人清楚我们会选哪个场地开展活动。事实是团队协作在我们的工作中至关重要。我询问班长我们明天早上能否提早出发。 我们的心愿是我们可以帮助更多老人。我想不出我们该如何为这场活动做准备。所有人都想知道志愿活动何时开始。 三、逐空详细解析（语法考点 + 句子中文释义） 1. that 语法：宾语从句引导词，动词 believe 后接陈述语气从句，从句句意完整、不缺成分，用 that，无词义，可省略。 句意：我相信所有付出终会有所回报。 2. if/whether 语法：宾语从句引导词，动词 wonder 后表 “是否”，从句完整不缺主干，if、whether 均可使用。 句意：我一直想知道自己能否在学习上取得更大进步。 3. whether 语法：表语从句引导词，系动词 is 后作表语，表 “是否”；表语从句表达 “是否” 只能用 whether，不能用 if。 句意：我的疑问是我是否该坚持每日复习计划。 4. where 语法：宾语从句引导词，动词 discussed 后接从句，从句主干完整，缺地点含义，where 在从句中作地点状语。 句意：我们讨论了我们要在哪里举办志愿活动。 5. what 语法：宾语从句引导词，knew 后从句缺少定语修饰 place，what 作限定词，表 “什么样的 / 哪个”，在从句中修饰名词。 句意：没人清楚我们会选哪个场地开展活动。 6. that 语法：表语从句引导词，The truth is 后接完整陈述句，从句语义完整不缺成分，that 无实义，仅起连接作用。 句意：事实是团队协作在我们的工作中至关重要。 7. when 语法：宾语从句引导词，asked 后从句主干完整，缺少时间含义，when 在从句中作时间状语。 句意：我询问班长我们明天早上能否提早出发。 8. that 语法：表语从句引导词，系动词 is 后表语从句为完整陈述事实，不缺成分，用 that 连接。 句意：我们的心愿是我们可以帮助更多老人。 9. how 语法：宾语从句引导词，figure out 后从句主干完整，缺少方式含义，how 在从句中作方式状语。 句意：我想不出我们该如何为这场活动做准备。 10. when 语法：宾语从句引导词，know 后从句主谓齐全，缺少时间信息，when 充当时间状语。 句意：所有人都想知道志愿活动何时开始。 二、阅读理解 A My husband and I were once in Nepal (尼泊尔) to see sunrise over the Himalayas. One morning we awoke to total darkness at 5 o’clock. As we rushed through a town with cameras in hand, I noticed the calm, gentle way the Nepalese people greeted the morning. One man boiled a huge pot of milk tea, and other villagers gathered around his fire, cupping their hands around small glasses of the steaming sweet mixture. It was fascinating, but not to be left behind, we joined the stream of tourists moving quickly up to the lookout point. The top was crowded when we arrived, but after 10 minutes of cold waiting, the assembled group gave up. “The cloud cover is too heavy,” one said. Then one by one they rushed down the hill to the next item on their sightseeing list. I was disappointed as well, but suddenly I noticed a small Nepalese boy absently playing with a stick and shooting quick glances at the clouds. He must know something we don’t, I thought. I decided to wait with him. The boy and I didn’t have to wait long. Moments later, a tiny stream of golden light burned through one thick cloud, then another. Rose-colored fog warmed the backs of the clouds, and suddenly the morning sun stole a glance around the side of the mountain, miles above where I’d expected it to be. Nothing I’d seen before prepared me for the moment the clouds withdrew with bowed heads, and the magnificent Himalayas were revealed before, around, and above me. I sat in astonishment, not breathing, not daring to look away, certain that God had placed me here at the backdoor of Earth to show me what Heaven really looks like. I certainly got the message. Never again will I rush a sunrise. I now know Nature will supply her fruits to me only when I am truly ready to receive them. 1．What does “It” in Paragraph 2 most probably imply? A．The darkness of the town in the morning. B．The huge pot of milk tea boiling on the fire. C．The way the local people welcomed the day. D．The stream of tourists rushing to the lookout point. 2．The author decided to wait with the Nepalese boy because A．she felt kind of having faith in him B．the restless tourists disappointed her C．that boy was praying to the sun with a magic stick D．she had nothing more to see on her sightseeing list 3．Which of the following words best describe the author’s feeling when she saw the sunrise? A．Totally shocked. B．Absolutely amazed. C．Truly frightened. D．Extremely interested. 4．What can be concluded from the passage? A．Do in Rome as the Romans do. B．God helps those who help themselves. C．Time and tide wait for no man. D．Fortune rewards those having patience. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在尼泊尔观看喜马拉雅山日出的经历及从中得到的感悟。 【详解】1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“As we rushed through a town with cameras in hand, I noticed the calm, gentle way the Nepalese people greeted the morning. One man boiled a huge pot of milk tea, and other villagers gathered around his fire, cupping their hands around small glasses of the steaming sweet mixture. (我们手持相机匆匆穿过一个小镇时，我注意到尼泊尔人迎接清晨时那种平静、温和的方式。一个男人煮了一大壶奶茶，其他村民围在他的火炉旁，双手捧着一小杯热气腾腾的甜饮。)”可知，it指代上文中提到的内容，由此可知，“It”指的是当地人迎接新一天的方式。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I was disappointed as well, but suddenly I noticed a small Nepalese boy absently playing with a stick and shooting quick glances at the clouds. He must know something we don’t, I thought. I decided to wait with him. (我也感到失望，但突然我注意到一个尼泊尔小男孩心不在焉地玩着一根棍子，时不时地瞥一眼云层。我想，他一定知道一些我们不知道的事情。我决定和他一起等。)”可知，作者决定和那个尼泊尔男孩一起等，是因为她有点相信他知道些什么。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I sat in astonishment, not breathing, not daring to look away, certain that God had placed me here at the backdoor of Earth to show me what Heaven really looks like.(我惊讶地坐着，不呼吸，不敢移开视线，确信上帝把我放在地球的后门，向我展示天堂的真正模样。)”可知，当作者看到日出时，她感到非常惊奇。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Never again will I rush a sunrise. I now know Nature will supply her fruits to me only when I am truly ready to receive them.(我再也不会急于看到日出了。我现在知道，只有当我真正准备好接受大自然的馈赠时，她才会把果实赐予我。)”可知，作者从这次经历中领悟到耐心等待会有回报，即命运会奖励有耐心的人。故选D项。 B Val de Bagnes, Swiss Alps Pre-ski season, Switzerland shows a different side to mountain life. It’s a short distance from Geneva to pretty Lausanne on the shores of Lake Geneva, and above, in the Val de Bagnes, 4, 000-metre peaks cradle villages in the clouds. Older children will get a lot out of the activities available in the small resort of Verbier, including yoga, mountain biking and a spectacular suspension bridge walk over the Bisse du Torrent Neuf. Lots of activities are included with the free “Verbier Infinite Playground Pass”, which also offers unlimited cable car rides. Cruising the Canal du Midi Running for 240 km through the Languedoc from Toulouse to the Med, France’s celebrated Canal du Midi is far south enough for daytime temperatures to average about 21 degrees Celsius in October — perfect for taking to the water. Hire company Le Boat has a handful of vessels and easy-to-follow itinerary suggestions for October half-term. Hit the sandy beach at Portiragnes, try watersports at Lac de Jouarres in Homps and marvel at the medieval wonders of Carcassonne and Béziers. The canal locks, tunnels, aqueducts and bridges alone offer simple pleasures for would-be sailors. Rural Romania Designed as a conservation project to preserve handful of Romania’s old rural village houses, Palaga Lodge offers families the chance to truly unplug and get back to nature. The location near little-known Maramures Mountains Natural Park, right on the Ukraine border, is remote. Accommodation consists of five traditional dwellings (居所) converted into spacious holiday cottages, lovingly decorated with French antiques. Hiking, fishing and horse riding are the main activities, and days end around an open fire. If you’re lucky, you might spot wolves and bears.Active Amsterdam For families that can’t sit still, it’s hard to beat Amsterdam for entertainment. There are evening pizza cruises on the canals, or tourists can help clean up the urban waterways on an educational plastic-fishing trip. Older kids will be bowled over by Straat, the larger-than-life 8, 000-sq-metre street art and graffiti museum that opened at the old NDSM shipyard recently. In the same vein, there’s also the permanent Banksy exhibition at Moco modern art museum. Fewer tourists this autumn will also make it a good time to visit the Anne Frank House Museum, too. 5．If you want to get close to nature, which of the following is NOT an ideal destination? A．Val de Bagnes B．Canal du Midi C．Amsterdam D．Romania 6．Which of the following is a common trait of the four holidays? A．Outdoor activities. B．Comfortable accommodation. C．Historical wonders. D．Art appreciation 7．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．The villages in the Val de Bagnes are located high in the mountains. B．The temperature is perfect in October for people to enjoy watersports in Homps. C．You may enjoy yourselves at the Anne Frank House Museum thanks to less crowds. D．Wildlife spotting is one of the greatest appeals of the spacious Palaga Lodge. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四个适合假期游玩的目的地，包括瑞士的瓦尔德巴涅斯、法国的米迪运河、罗马尼亚乡村及荷兰的活力阿姆斯特丹。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据Active Amsterdam部分中的“For families that can’t sit still, it’s hard to beat Amsterdam for entertainment. There are evening pizza cruises on the canals, or tourists can help clean up the urban waterways on an educational plastic-fishing trip. (对于闲不住的家庭来说，阿姆斯特丹的娱乐活动是绝佳之选。这里有运河披萨夜游项目，游客还可以参与有教育意义的塑料垃圾打捞之旅，助力清理城市水道。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹以城市娱乐项目为主，相比其他三个目的地，不是亲近自然的理想之选。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据Val de Bagnes, Swiss Alps部分中的“Older children will get a lot out of the activities available in the small resort of Verbier, including yoga, mountain biking and a spectacular suspension bridge walk over the Bisse du Torrent Neuf. (大一点的孩子能从韦尔比耶这座小型度假胜地的各类活动中收获良多，这些活动包括瑜伽、山地自行车骑行，以及沿着新激流引水渠徒步走过一座景色壮丽的悬索桥。)”、Cruising the Canal du Midi部分中的“Hit the sandy beach at Portiragnes, try watersports at Lac de Jouarres in Homps and marvel at the medieval wonders of Carcassonne and Béziers. (去波尔蒂拉涅的沙滩上尽情游玩，到翁普的茹阿尔雷斯湖体验水上运动，再去卡尔卡松和贝济耶惊叹于中世纪的奇观。)”、Rural Romania部分中的“Hiking, fishing and horse riding are the main activities, and days end around an open fire. (徒步旅行、垂钓和骑马是主要活动，一天的行程在篝火旁落下帷幕。)”以及Active Amsterdam部分中的“There are evening pizza cruises on the canals, or tourists can help clean up the urban waterways on an educational plastic-fishing trip. (运河上晚间有披萨主题游船活动，游客们也可以参与兼具教育意义的塑料垃圾打捞之旅，为清理城市水道出一份力。)”可知，四个度假目的地的共同特点是都提供户外活动。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据Rural Romania部分中的“Designed as a conservation project to preserve handful of Romania’s old rural village houses, Palaga Lodge offers families the chance to truly unplug and get back to nature. (帕拉加小屋是一个旨在保护几栋罗马尼亚古老乡村民居的保护项目，为家庭提供了远离电子产品、回归自然的机会)”以及“If you’re lucky, you might spot wolves and bears. (如果幸运的话，你可能会看到狼和熊)”可知，在帕拉加小屋有可能看到野生动物，但这并非其最大吸引力，它的特色是让人们远离喧嚣、回归自然。因此“野生动物观赏是宽敞的帕拉加小屋最大的吸引力之一”这一表述不正确。故选D项。 1 / 12 zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $