第02讲 Unit 2 Getting along（知识全梳理&考点精准练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材外研版

第02讲 Unit 2 Getting along （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 词汇：掌握 selfish, angry, glad, afraid, argue, agreement, neighbour, return 等词；熟记 instead of, in return, knock down, keep in mind, argue over 必考短语，在人际交往、矛盾和解语境灵活运用。 2. 句型：吃透《自私的巨人》《六尺巷》重点句式：地点前置倒装、so…that…、nor 省略否定句、in return 短语、to one’s + 名词；能复述两篇课文关键原文。 3. 语法：现在完成时（二）for/since 区分用法；for + 时间段、since + 时间点；how long 提问延续时长，区分现在完成时与一般过去时。 4. 输出：能写人与人矛盾化解小故事，制作相处小贴士短文，用现在完成时介绍自己和朋友相处经历。 学习重点 1.for/since 在现在完成时的用法辨析； 2.in return、argue over、knock down 高频短语； 3.so…that 结果状语从句、nor 倒装句； 4. 地点放句首主谓倒装句式。 学习难点 1.since 后接从句用一般过去时、主句现在完成时； 2. 延续性动词在 for/since 句型使用； 3. 倒装句语序； 4. 结合六尺 / 巨人故事进行英文短篇写作。 1. Every afternoon, the children play in the Giant's garden.(P20) 【详解】 1）every afternoon 每天下午，是一般现在时习惯性动作标志。 例：Every morning I read English for 15 minutes. 2）单数名词 +'s 构成名词所有格，表示所属关系。 例：Tom’s room is clean. 【典例】Every Sunday my grandma ______(water) flowers in the garden. A.water B.waters C.watered 【即练 1】Every evening kids ______(run) on the playground.(原形) 【即练 2】That is the ______(巨人的) beautiful garden.(用所有格填空) 2. Here and there over the grass stand beautiful flowers.(P20) 【详解】 1）地点状语置于句首，句子主谓倒装，正常语序：Beautiful flowers stand here and there over the grass。 例：Under the tree sits an old cat. 2）here and there 固定短语，意为到处、各处。 例：We can see birds here and there in the park. 【典例】Under the tree ______(sit) a little dog now. A.sits B.sit C.sitting 【即练 1】In front of the house ______(be) two big trees.(倒装，填 be 动词) 【即练 2】We can see little birds here ______ there.(固定搭配填连词) 3. "What are you doing here?" he shouts in a very angry voice.(P21) 【详解】 1）in a/an + 形容词 + voice 固定搭配，介词用 in。 例：She speaks in a soft voice. 2）形容词变副词：angry→angrily，副词修饰动词。 例：He looks at me angrily. 【典例】He spoke ______ an excited voice at the class meeting. A.in B.on C.at 【即练 1】The little girl cried ______(angry) just now.（变副词） 【即练 2】She speaks ______ a sweet voice.(介词填空) 4. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.(P21) 【详解】 1）since then 现在完成时标志性短语。 例：Since then we have been good friends. 2）for + 时间段，since + 时间点；现在完成时否定：have/has+not + 过去分词。 例：I have lived here for five years./I have lived here since 2019. 【典例】______ then, we ______(be) good friends for three years. A.Since; have been B.For; are C.Since; were 【即练 1】We ______(not meet) each other since last summer. 【即练 2】He has stayed in Beijing ______ two months.(for/since) 5. But spring never comes, nor summer.(P21) 【详解】 1）前半句否定，nor 引导主谓倒装，完整句 nor does summer come。 例：I can’t swim, nor can my sister. 2）never 否定副词，句子无需再加 not。 例：He never goes out alone. 【典例】He doesn’t like coffee, ______ does his sister. A.nor B.so C.and 【即练 1】I have never been abroad, ______(nor/so) has Tom. 【即练 2】She can’t dance, nor ______(can/is) her brother. 6. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.(P21) 【详解】 1）so + 形容词 + that… 结果状语从句。 例：He is so tired that he sleeps quickly. 2）cover…with… 用…… 覆盖；主语复数，反身代词用 themselves。 例：They cover the box with paper. 【典例】The story is ______ moving that all of us cry. A.so B.such C.very 【即练 1】We covered the desk ______ a cloth.(介词) 【即练 2】They hurt ______(they) when climbing.(反身代词) 7. "Fear not, little ones," the Giant says.(P21) 【详解】 1）Fear not=Don’t be afraid，古体祈使：动词原形 + not。 例：Worry not about small things. 【典例】______(Fear not / Not fear), you will get success. A.Fear not B.Not fear C.Fearing not 【即练 1】______(Be not) late for school.(首字母大写) 【即练 2】Worry ______ about small things.(填 not) 8. He knocked down the wall and let children play in his garden.(P21) 【详解】 1）knock down 拆掉、撞倒；knock-knocked 过去式。 例：They knocked down the old house. 2）let sb do sth，let 后加动词原形。 例：Let me help you. 【典例】He ______(knock) down the wall last week. A.knocked B.knock C.knocks 【即练 1】Let us ______(enjoy) the beautiful flowers.(原形) 【即练 2】The workers knock ______ the old building.(固定短语) 9. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line.(P28) 【详解】 1）the + 姓氏复数：the Zhangs 一家人。 例：The Greens go shopping every Sunday. 2）argue over sth 因某事争吵；argue with sb 和某人争吵。 例：They argued over money. 【典例】The Blacks ______(argue) about money yesterday. A.argued B.argues C.argue 【即练 1】Don’t argue ______ your deskmate ______ small things.(介词) 【即练 2】The ______(李家) are kind.(the + 复数) 10. They wrote a letter to ask for advice from their relative Zhang Ying.(P28) 【详解】 1）ask for advice 征求建议。 例：I ask my teacher for advice. 2）不定式 to do 在句中表目的。 例：I go to shop to buy fruit. 【典例】He went there ______(ask) for help.(不定式表目的) A.to ask B.ask C.asking 【即练 1】I often ask my teacher ______ useful advice.(介词) 【即练 2】She ______(write) a letter last night. 11. In return, they decided to do the same thing.(P29) 【详解】 1）in return 作为回报。 例：I help him, in return he helps me. 2）decide to do sth 决定做某事，to 不可省。 例：I decide to go swimming. 【典例】I helped her; ______ return she invites me to dinner. A.in B.on C.at 【即练 1】He decided ______(go) hiking this weekend.(to do) 【即练 2】I helped him, and ______ return he helps me.(介词) 12. Three chi to your neighbour as a gift from the poem.(P29) 【详解】 1）as 介词，意为当作、作为。 例：I take it as a gift. 2）from 介词，来自、出自。 例：This word is from a story. 【典例】I take it ______ a wonderful surprise. A.as B.for C.at 【即练 1】He gives me a pen ______ a birthday gift.(介词) 【即练 2】The words come ______ an old poem.(介词) 13. Hundreds of years have passed since then.(P29) 【详解】 1）hundreds of 成百上千；具体数字 + hundred 原形。 例：Hundreds of birds fly south./Three hundred students join. 2）since then 现在完成时标志。 例：Since then we have lived here. 【典例】______ of people visit Six-chi Lane every year. A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Two hundreds 【即练 1】Five ______(hundred) students take part in the game. 【即练 2】______(hundred) of trees are planted every spring. 14. Kindness encourages more kindness.(P29) 【详解】 1）形容词 + ness 变名词：kind→kindness。 例：happy→happiness. 2）不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用三单。 例：Health is important. 【典例】______(kind) makes people get on well. A.Kindness B.Kind C.Kindly 【即练 1】His ______(kind) helps many kids. 【即练 2】Good news ______(encourage) us a lot.(三单) 15. The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.(P29) 【详解】 keep sth in mind 牢记某事。 例：Keep your plan in mind. 【典例】Please keep the advice ______ mind. A.in B.on C.for 【即练 1】Keep these words ______ mind. 【即练 2】You should keep the rules ______ mind. 一、单词拼写 1. At first the Giant was s______ and didn’t share his garden.(自私的) 2. They a______ over their house’s border last year.(争吵过去式) 3. In r______, the Wu family gave up three chi of land.(回报) 4. Please keep this story ______ ______.(记在心里) 5. Hundreds of years ______(pass) since the story happened.(现完) 二、单项选择 1. I have lived here ______ 2019. A.for B.since C.in 2.He is ______ kind that he knocks down the wall. A.so B.such C.very 3.The Zhangs argued ______ the Wus ______ the land. A.with;over B.about;with C.over;with 4.I can’t swim, ______ can my brother. A.nor B.so C.but 5.______ of visitors come to Six-chi Lane every year. A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Two hundred of 6.She decided ______ step back three chi. A.step B.to step C.stepping 7.—How long ______ you ______ friends?—For two years. A.have;been B.do;be C.did;are 8.Fear ______, everything will be OK. A.not B.no C.don’t 9.He hasn’t met his neighbour ______ last summer. A.since B.for C.at 10.I helped him; ______ return he treats me to meals. A.in B.on C.to 三、用所给词适当形式填空 1. We ______(be) friends since Grade Two. 2. With flowers ______(come) out, the garden becomes beautiful. 3. They ______(not argue) with each other since they made peace. 4. Hundreds of bird ______(fly) around the garden every day. 5. To our ______(glad), they become good neighbours. 四、完成句子 1. ______ then, the Giant ______ ______ any kids. 2. He is ______ kind ______ he knocks down the wall. 3. In ______, the Wu family gave up three chi land. 4. Keep the story of Six-chi Lane ______ ______. 5. I ______ ______ along with my friend ______ three years. 五、阅读理解 Last week, our class held a “Friendship Presentation Day”. Every group needed to give a short presentation about a topic related to friendship. Our group’s topic was “How to Be a Good Listener”. We divided the work. Lily was responsible for finding information and writing the script. Tom collected pictures and made a PowerPoint. My job was to practise and give the presentation. At first, I was very nervous about speaking in front of the whole class. My hands were even shaking. But I remembered our teacher’s advice: “Focus on your message, not on yourself.” I took a deep breath and began. I talked about why listening is important in friendship and gave three tips: 1. Pay full attention. 2. Don’t interrupt. 3. Show that you understand. I tried to speak clearly and look at my classmates. I saw some of them nodding, which made me feel more confident. After the presentation, our teacher said we did a good job and our points were clear. I felt really proud of our teamwork. This experience taught me that with good preparation and teamwork, we can overcome nervousness and share our ideas successfully. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What was the topic of the writer’s group presentation? A．How to make new friends. B．How to be a good listener. C．How to solve arguments. D．How to give a presentation. 2．What was the writer’s job in the group? A．Finding information. B．Making the PowerPoint. C．Giving the presentation. D．Writing the script. 3．How did the writer feel at first? A．Confident and relaxed. B．Nervous and shaky. C．Bored and tired. D．Happy and excited. 4．What advice did the teacher give? A．Speak very loudly. B．Focus on your message. C．Memorize every word. D．Look at the teacher only. 5．What did the writer learn from this experience? A．Giving presentations is easy. B．Listening is not important. C．With preparation and teamwork, we can overcome nervousness. D．Pictures are unnecessary in a presentation. 六、完形填空 Our neighbourhood used to be very quiet. However, these days 1 things are happening in our neighbourhood and 2 is unhappy. Zhou Gu, the local school teacher, is extremely worried. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper, he said, “Every night we 3 strange noises outside our window. My wife thinks that it could be an animal, but my friends and I think it must be teenagers having fun. My parents called the police, but they couldn’t find anything strange. They think 4 might be the wind.” Everyone in our neighbourhood is worried, 5 everyone has his or her own ideas. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighbourhood, but what is it? 1．A．happy B．exciting C．strange D．amazing 2．A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．no one 3．A．make B．hear C．listen D．look 4．A．she B．he C．they D．it 5．A．because B．and C．or D．so 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 Unit 2 Getting along （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 1. 词汇：掌握 selfish, angry, glad, afraid, argue, agreement, neighbour, return 等词；熟记 instead of, in return, knock down, keep in mind, argue over 必考短语，在人际交往、矛盾和解语境灵活运用。 2. 句型：吃透《自私的巨人》《六尺巷》重点句式：地点前置倒装、so…that…、nor 省略否定句、in return 短语、to one’s + 名词；能复述两篇课文关键原文。 3. 语法：现在完成时（二）for/since 区分用法；for + 时间段、since + 时间点；how long 提问延续时长，区分现在完成时与一般过去时。 4. 输出：能写人与人矛盾化解小故事，制作相处小贴士短文，用现在完成时介绍自己和朋友相处经历。 学习重点 1.for/since 在现在完成时的用法辨析； 2.in return、argue over、knock down 高频短语； 3.so…that 结果状语从句、nor 倒装句； 4. 地点放句首主谓倒装句式。 学习难点 1.since 后接从句用一般过去时、主句现在完成时； 2. 延续性动词在 for/since 句型使用； 3. 倒装句语序； 4. 结合六尺 / 巨人故事进行英文短篇写作。 1. Every afternoon, the children play in the Giant's garden.(P20) 【详解】 1）every afternoon 每天下午，是一般现在时习惯性动作标志。 例：Every morning I read English for 15 minutes. 2）单数名词 +'s 构成名词所有格，表示所属关系。 例：Tom’s room is clean. 【典例】Every Sunday my grandma ______(water) flowers in the garden. A.water B.waters C.watered 【答案】B 【解析】句意：每周日奶奶在花园浇花。考查一般现在时主谓一致。A 选项动词原形，主语是第三人称单数不能用；B 选项动词三单形式，符合语法；C 选项过去式，every Sunday 为经常性时间，不用过去时态。根据 every Sunday 表示习惯性动作、主语 grandma 为三单，故选 B。 【即练 1】Every evening kids ______(run) on the playground.(原形) 【答案】run 【解析】句意：每天傍晚孩子们在操场上跑步。考查一般现在时。every evening 是习惯性标志，主语 kids 是复数，谓语用动词原形。故填 run。 【即练 2】That is the ______(巨人的) beautiful garden.(用所有格填空) 【答案】Giant’s 【解析】句意：那是巨人漂亮的花园。考查名词所有格。单数名词后加’s 表所属。故填 Giant’s。 2. Here and there over the grass stand beautiful flowers.(P20) 【详解】 1）地点状语置于句首，句子主谓倒装，正常语序：Beautiful flowers stand here and there over the grass。 例：Under the tree sits an old cat. 2）here and there 固定短语，意为到处、各处。 例：We can see birds here and there in the park. 【典例】Under the tree ______(sit) a little dog now. A.sits B.sit C.sitting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：树下坐着一只小狗。考查地点前置倒装 + 一般现在时。A 选项三单谓语，主语 a dog 单数，语法正确；B 选项原形，主语三单不能使用；C 是现在分词，不能单独作谓语。根据倒装结构主语为单数名词，故选 A。 【即练 1】In front of the house ______(be) two big trees.(倒装，填 be 动词) 【答案】are 【解析】句意：房前有两棵大树。考查倒装句 be 动词用法。主语 two trees 是复数，be 动词用 are。故填 are。 【即练 2】We can see little birds here ______ there.(固定搭配填连词) 【答案】and 【解析】句意：我们到处都能看见小鸟。考查固定短语 here and there。故填 and。 3. "What are you doing here?" he shouts in a very angry voice.(P21) 【详解】 1）in a/an + 形容词 + voice 固定搭配，介词用 in。 例：She speaks in a soft voice. 2）形容词变副词：angry→angrily，副词修饰动词。 例：He looks at me angrily. 【典例】He spoke ______ an excited voice at the class meeting. A.in B.on C.at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他在班会上用激动的语气发言。考查介词固定搭配。A 选项 in 符合 in a+adj.+voice 用法；B、C 介词不能搭配该短语。根据固定词组搭配，故选 A。 【即练 1】The little girl cried ______(angry) just now.（变副词） 【答案】angrily 【解析】句意：这个小女孩刚才生气地哭了。考查形容词变副词，副词修饰动词。故填 angrily。 【即练 2】She speaks ______ a sweet voice.(介词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】句意：她说话声音甜美。考查 in a sweet voice 固定搭配。故填 in。 4. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.(P21) 【详解】 1）since then 现在完成时标志性短语。 例：Since then we have been good friends. 2）for + 时间段，since + 时间点；现在完成时否定：have/has+not + 过去分词。 例：I have lived here for five years./I have lived here since 2019. 【典例】______ then, we ______(be) good friends for three years. A.Since; have been B.For; are C.Since; were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：从那以后，我们已经做了三年好朋友。考查 since 用法与现在完成时。A 选项 since 搭配现在完成时，符合规则；B 选项 for 不能搭配 then，时态错误；C 选项 were 是过去式，不能和 for three years 连用。根据 since then 为现完标志，故选 A。 【即练 1】We ______(not meet) each other since last summer. 【答案】haven’t met 【解析】句意：自从去年夏天之后我们就没见过面。考查现在完成时否定结构。since + 过去时间用现在完成时。故填 haven’t met。 【即练 2】He has stayed in Beijing ______ two months.(for/since) 【答案】for 【解析】句意：他已经在北京待了两个月。for 后接时间段，since 接时间点。two months 是时段，故填 for。 5. But spring never comes, nor summer.(P21) 【详解】 1）前半句否定，nor 引导主谓倒装，完整句 nor does summer come。 例：I can’t swim, nor can my sister. 2）never 否定副词，句子无需再加 not。 例：He never goes out alone. 【典例】He doesn’t like coffee, ______ does his sister. A.nor B.so C.and 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他不喜欢咖啡，他妹妹也不喜欢。考查 nor 倒装用法。A 选项 nor 用于否定倒装；B 选项 so 只用在肯定句；C 并列连词无法倒装。根据前半句否定含义，故选 A。 【即练 1】I have never been abroad, ______(nor/so) has Tom. 【答案】nor 【解析】句意：我从没出过国，汤姆也没有。never 表否定，后半句用 nor 倒装。故填 nor。 【即练 2】She can’t dance, nor ______(can/is) her brother. 【答案】can 【解析】句意：她不会跳舞，她弟弟也不会。前半句有情态 can，倒装沿用 can。故填 can。 6. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers.(P21) 【详解】 1）so + 形容词 + that… 结果状语从句。 例：He is so tired that he sleeps quickly. 2）cover…with… 用…… 覆盖；主语复数，反身代词用 themselves。 例：They cover the box with paper. 【典例】The story is ______ moving that all of us cry. A.so B.such C.very 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这个故事太感人了，我们全都哭了。考查 so…that 句型。A so + 形容词 + that 正确；B such 后接名词短语；C very 不能搭配 that。根据空后为形容词 moving，故选 A。 【即练 1】We covered the desk ______ a cloth.(介词) 【答案】with 【解析】句意：我们用一块布盖住桌子。考查 cover…with 固定搭配。故填 with。 【即练 2】They hurt ______(they) when climbing.(反身代词) 【答案】themselves 【解析】句意：他们爬山时伤到了自己。主语 they，动作作用自身用反身代词。故填 themselves。 7. "Fear not, little ones," the Giant says.(P21) 【详解】 1）Fear not=Don’t be afraid，古体祈使：动词原形 + not。 例：Worry not about small things. 【典例】______(Fear not / Not fear), you will get success. A.Fear not B.Not fear C.Fearing not 【答案】A 【解析】句意：别害怕，你会成功的。考查古体祈使句式。A 是正确固定用法；B、C 句式语法错误。根据动词原形 + not 的祈使结构，故选 A。 【即练 1】______(Be not) late for school.(首字母大写) 【答案】Be not 【解析】句意：不要上学迟到。Be not=Don’t be，句首大写。故填 Be not。 【即练 2】Worry ______ about small things.(填 not) 【答案】not 【解析】句意：别为小事发愁。Worry not 固定祈使。故填 not。 8. He knocked down the wall and let children play in his garden.(P21) 【详解】 1）knock down 拆掉、撞倒；knock-knocked 过去式。 例：They knocked down the old house. 2）let sb do sth，let 后加动词原形。 例：Let me help you. 【典例】He ______(knock) down the wall last week. A.knocked B.knock C.knocks 【答案】A 【解析】句意：上周他拆掉了围墙。考查一般过去时。A 过去式，last week 过去时间；B 原形；C 三单。根据 last week 为过去时间状语，故选 A。 【即练 1】Let us ______(enjoy) the beautiful flowers.(原形) 【答案】enjoy 【解析】句意：让我们欣赏漂亮的花。let sb do 用原形。故填 enjoy。 【即练 2】The workers knock ______ the old building.(固定短语) 【答案】down 【解析】句意：工人们拆掉旧楼房。knock down 固定词组。故填 down。 9. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line.(P28) 【详解】 1）the + 姓氏复数：the Zhangs 一家人。 例：The Greens go shopping every Sunday. 2）argue over sth 因某事争吵；argue with sb 和某人争吵。 例：They argued over money. 【典例】The Blacks ______(argue) about money yesterday. A.argued B.argues C.argue 【答案】A 【解析】句意：布莱克一家昨天为钱争吵。考查一般过去时。A 过去式，yesterday 表过去；B 三单；C 原形。根据 yesterday 是过去时间，故选 A。 【即练 1】Don’t argue ______ your deskmate ______ small things.(介词) 【答案】with; over 【解析】句意：不要和同桌为小事争吵。argue with sb，argue over sth。故填 with; over。 【即练 2】The ______(李家) are kind.(the + 复数) 【答案】Lis 【解析】句意：李家一家人很友善。the + 姓氏复数表一家人。故填 Lis。 10. They wrote a letter to ask for advice from their relative Zhang Ying.(P28) 【详解】 1）ask for advice 征求建议。 例：I ask my teacher for advice. 2）不定式 to do 在句中表目的。 例：I go to shop to buy fruit. 【典例】He went there ______(ask) for help.(不定式表目的) A.to ask B.ask C.asking 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他去那里寻求帮助。考查不定式表目的。A 不定式表目的；B 原形不能作目的状语；C 动名词不表目的。根据不定式作目的状语用法，故选 A。 【即练 1】I often ask my teacher ______ useful advice.(介词) 【答案】for 【解析】句意：我经常向老师征求有用建议。ask for 固定搭配。故填 for。 【即练 2】She ______(write) a letter last night. 【答案】wrote 【解析】句意：昨晚她写了一封信。last night 过去时，write 变 wrote。故填 wrote。 11. In return, they decided to do the same thing.(P29) 【详解】 1）in return 作为回报。 例：I help him, in return he helps me. 2）decide to do sth 决定做某事，to 不可省。 例：I decide to go swimming. 【典例】I helped her; ______ return she invites me to dinner. A.in B.on C.at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我帮了她，作为回报她请我吃饭。考查 in return 固定搭配。A 固定介词；B、on 和 at 无此搭配。根据短语搭配，故选 A。 【即练 1】He decided ______(go) hiking this weekend.(to do) 【答案】to go 【解析】句意：他决定这周末去徒步。decide to do 固定搭配。故填 to go。 【即练 2】I helped him, and ______ return he helps me.(介词) 【答案】in 【解析】句意：我帮了他，作为回报他帮我。in return。故填 in。 12. Three chi to your neighbour as a gift from the poem.(P29) 【详解】 1）as 介词，意为当作、作为。 例：I take it as a gift. 2）from 介词，来自、出自。 例：This word is from a story. 【典例】I take it ______ a wonderful surprise. A.as B.for C.at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我把它当作惊喜。考查 as 介词用法。A as 表作为；B for 为了；C 在。根据词义，故选 A。 【即练 1】He gives me a pen ______ a birthday gift.(介词) 【答案】as 【解析】句意：他送我钢笔当作生日礼物。as 作为。故填 as。 【即练 2】The words come ______ an old poem.(介词) 【答案】from 【解析】句意：这句话出自古诗。come from 来自。故填 from。 13. Hundreds of years have passed since then.(P29) 【详解】 1）hundreds of 成百上千；具体数字 + hundred 原形。 例：Hundreds of birds fly south./Three hundred students join. 2）since then 现在完成时标志。 例：Since then we have lived here. 【典例】______ of people visit Six-chi Lane every year. A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Two hundreds 【答案】B 【解析】句意：每年成百上千的人参观六尺巷。考查 hundred 用法。A 不能单独加 of；B hundreds of 固定短语；C 具体数字后 hundred 不加 s。根据固定搭配，故选 B。 【即练 1】Five ______(hundred) students take part in the game. 【答案】hundred 【解析】句意：五百名学生参加比赛。具体数字后 hundred 原形。故填 hundred。 【即练 2】______(hundred) of trees are planted every spring. 【答案】Hundreds 【解析】句意：每年春天种数百棵树。hundreds of，首字母大写。故填 Hundreds。 14. Kindness encourages more kindness.(P29) 【详解】 1）形容词 + ness 变名词：kind→kindness。 例：happy→happiness. 2）不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用三单。 例：Health is important. 【典例】______(kind) makes people get on well. A.Kindness B.Kind C.Kindly 【答案】A 【解析】句意：善良让人友好相处。考查名词作主语。A 名词；B 形容词；C 副词不能作主语。此处需要名词作主语，故选 A。 【即练 1】His ______(kind) helps many kids. 【答案】kindness 【解析】句意：他的善良帮助很多孩子。形容词变名词。故填 kindness。 【即练 2】Good news ______(encourage) us a lot.(三单) 【答案】encourages 【解析】句意：好消息极大鼓舞我们。news 不可数，谓语三单。故填 encourages。 15. The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind.(P29) 【详解】 keep sth in mind 牢记某事。 例：Keep your plan in mind. 【典例】Please keep the advice ______ mind. A.in B.on C.for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：请牢记这条建议。考查固定短语。A in 构成 keep…in mind；B、C 无搭配。根据固定词组，故选 A。 【即练 1】Keep these words ______ mind. 【答案】in 【解析】句意：记住这些话。keep…in mind。故填 in。 【即练 2】You should keep the rules ______ mind. 【答案】in 【解析】句意：你应当牢记规章制度。固定搭配。故填 in。 一、单词拼写 1. At first the Giant was s______ and didn’t share his garden.(自私的) 【答案】selfish 【解析】句意：一开始巨人很自私，不愿意分享花园。形容词在句中作表语，selfish 表示自私的。故填 selfish。 2. They a______ over their house’s border last year.(争吵过去式) 【答案】argued 【解析】句意：去年他们为地界争吵。last year 是过去时间，argue 变过去式 argued。故填 argued。 3. In r______, the Wu family gave up three chi of land.(回报) 【答案】return 【解析】句意：作为回报，吴家让出三尺土地。in return 固定短语。故填 return。 4. Please keep this story ______ ______.(记在心里) 【答案】in mind 【解析】句意：请牢记这个故事。keep…in mind 固定搭配。故填 in mind。 5. Hundreds of years ______(pass) since the story happened.(现完) 【答案】have passed 【解析】句意：自从这个故事发生已经过去数百年。since 引导时间状语，主句现在完成时，主语复数 have+done。故填 have passed。 二、单项选择 1. I have lived here ______ 2019. A.for B.since C.in 【答案】B 【解析】句意：从 2019 年开始我就居住在这里。考查介词辨析与现在完成时标志词。A 选项 for 后接一段时间，不能加具体年份；B 选项 since 后接具体时间点，符合语法规则；C 选项 in 加年份多用于一般过去时，不与现在完成时连用。根据 2019 是具体时间点，故选 B。 2.He is ______ kind that he knocks down the wall. A.so B.such C.very 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他如此善良，以至于拆掉了围墙。考查 so…that 结果状语从句固定结构。A 选项 so + 形容词 + that 为固定句型；B 选项 such 后面需要接名词短语；C 选项 very 不能和 that 构成固定句式。根据空后是形容词 kind，故选 A。 3.The Zhangs argued ______ the Wus ______ the land. A.with;over B.about;with C.over;with 【答案】A 【解析】句意：张家和吴家为土地发生了争执。考查固定动词搭配。argue with sb 表示和某人争吵，argue over sth 表示因某事争吵；B、C 两个选项介词搭配顺序错误。根据固定词组用法，故选 A。 4.I can’t swim, ______ can my brother. A.nor B.so C.but 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我不会游泳，我的弟弟也不会。考查倒装句式。A 选项 nor 用于前半句否定句，引导部分倒装；B 选项 so 只用在肯定句中表 “也”；C 选项 but 是连词，无法引导倒装结构。前半句含有 can’t 表否定，故选 A。 5.______ of visitors come to Six-chi Lane every year. A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Two hundred of 【答案】B 【解析】句意：每年成百上千的游客前来参观六尺巷。考查 hundred 用法。A 选项 hundred 单独使用不能加 of；B 选项 hundreds of 是固定短语，表成百上千；C 选项具体数字 two 后 hundred 不加 s、不加 of。根据固定搭配，故选 B。 6.She decided ______ step back three chi. A.step B.to step C.stepping 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她决定让出三尺土地。考查非谓语动词。decide 后固定搭配 decide to do sth，需要用不定式作宾语；A 是动词原形，C 是动名词，均不符合搭配规则。故选 B。 7.—How long ______ you ______ friends?—For two years. A.have;been B.do;be C.did;are 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你们做朋友多久了？两年。考查现在完成时。How long 提问时间段，句子要用现在完成时；B 是一般现在时，C 是一般过去时，时态均错误。故选 A。 8.Fear ______, everything will be OK. A.not B.no C.don’t 【答案】A 【解析】句意：别害怕，一切都会变好。考查古体祈使句固定用法。Fear not 是固定老式祈使句式；B 选项 no 不能直接跟在动词后；C don’t 后必须接动词原形，不能放在 fear 后面。故选 A。 9.He hasn’t met his neighbour ______ last summer. A.since B.for C.at 【答案】A 【解析】句意：自从去年夏天，他就没有见过邻居。考查 since 和 for 辨析。A since + 过去时间点；B for 加一段时间；C at 不能用于现在完成时。last summer 是时间点，故选 A。 10.I helped him; ______ return he treats me to meals. A.in B.on C.to 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我帮了他，作为回报他请我吃饭。考查固定短语。in return 是固定介词搭配；on return、to return 无此用法。故选 A。 三、用所给词适当形式填空 1. We ______(be) friends since Grade Two. 【答案】have been 【解析】句意：从二年级起我们就是朋友。since是现在完成时的标志性时间词，主语we为复数，be动词对应的现在完成时形式为have been，因此填have been。 2. With flowers ______(come) out, the garden becomes beautiful. 【答案】coming 【解析】句意：花开了，花园变漂亮了。本句为with复合结构，flowers和come out是主动关系，需使用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，因此填coming。 3. They ______(not argue) with each other since they made peace. 【答案】haven’t argued 【解析】句意：自从和好后他们再也没争吵过。since引导过去时从句时，主句要用现在完成时；主语they是复数，此处表达否定含义，故填haven’t argued。 4. Hundreds of bird ______(fly) around the garden every day. 【答案】fly 【解析】句意：每天成百只小鸟在花园盘旋。every day为一般现在时标志，主语Hundreds of birds是复数，谓语动词用原形，因此填fly。 5. To our ______(glad), they become good neighbours. 【答案】gladness 【解析】句意：令我们开心的是，他们成了好邻居。固定搭配to one’s + 名词，意为“令某人……的是”，形容词glad需要变为名词形式gladness，因此填gladness。 四、完成句子 1. ______ then, the Giant ______ ______ any kids. 【答案】Since; hasn’t seen 【解析】句意：从那以后巨人再也没见过小孩子。句中“从那以后、从没见过”为解题关键，since then是现在完成时标志性短语；主语the Giant为第三人称单数，结合否定含义，使用hasn’t seen，因此依次填Since; hasn’t seen。 2. He is ______ kind ______ he knocks down the wall. 【答案】so; that 【解析】句意：他如此善良拆掉了围墙。句中“如此……以至于”是核心提示，固定结构so+形容词+that，用于引导结果状语从句，因此依次填so; that。 3. In ______, the Wu family gave up three chi land. 【答案】return 【解析】句意：作为回报吴家让出三尺地。句中“回报”对应固定短语in return，该短语意为“作为回报”，因此填return。 4. Keep the story of Six-chi Lane ______ ______. 【答案】in mind 【解析】句意：牢记六尺巷的故事。句中“记在心里”对应固定搭配keep…in mind，因此依次填in mind。 5. I ______ ______ along with my friend ______ three years. 【答案】have got; for 【解析】句意：我和好友已经相处三年了。句中“已经”提示本句使用现在完成时，get along with为固定短语；three years是持续的时间段，需用介词for连接，因此依次填have got; for。 五、阅读理解 Last week, our class held a “Friendship Presentation Day”. Every group needed to give a short presentation about a topic related to friendship. Our group’s topic was “How to Be a Good Listener”. We divided the work. Lily was responsible for finding information and writing the script. Tom collected pictures and made a PowerPoint. My job was to practise and give the presentation. At first, I was very nervous about speaking in front of the whole class. My hands were even shaking. But I remembered our teacher’s advice: “Focus on your message, not on yourself.” I took a deep breath and began. I talked about why listening is important in friendship and gave three tips: 1. Pay full attention. 2. Don’t interrupt. 3. Show that you understand. I tried to speak clearly and look at my classmates. I saw some of them nodding, which made me feel more confident. After the presentation, our teacher said we did a good job and our points were clear. I felt really proud of our teamwork. This experience taught me that with good preparation and teamwork, we can overcome nervousness and share our ideas successfully. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What was the topic of the writer’s group presentation? A．How to make new friends. B．How to be a good listener. C．How to solve arguments. D．How to give a presentation. 2．What was the writer’s job in the group? A．Finding information. B．Making the PowerPoint. C．Giving the presentation. D．Writing the script. 3．How did the writer feel at first? A．Confident and relaxed. B．Nervous and shaky. C．Bored and tired. D．Happy and excited. 4．What advice did the teacher give? A．Speak very loudly. B．Focus on your message. C．Memorize every word. D．Look at the teacher only. 5．What did the writer learn from this experience? A．Giving presentations is easy. B．Listening is not important. C．With preparation and teamwork, we can overcome nervousness. D．Pictures are unnecessary in a presentation. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了有了充分的准备和团队合作，我们可以克服紧张。 【解析】 6．根据文章第一段最后一句“Our group’s topic was ‘How to Be a Good Listener’.”可知，作者小组的主题是“如何成为一个好的倾听者”。 7．根据文章第二段最后一句“My job was to practise and give the presentation.”可知，作者负责的是演讲展示。 8．根据文章第三段“At first, I was very nervous about speaking in front of the whole class. My hands were even shaking.”可知，作者起初感到紧张且手抖 9．根据文章第三段“But I remembered our teacher’s advice: ‘Focus on your message, not on yourself.’”可知，老师的建议是专注于内容。 10．根据文章最后一段最后一句“This experience taught me that with good preparation and teamwork, we can overcome nervousness and share our ideas successfully.”可知，作者学到的经验是准备和团队合作能帮助克服紧张。 六、完形填空 Our neighbourhood used to be very quiet. However, these days 1 things are happening in our neighbourhood and 2 is unhappy. Zhou Gu, the local school teacher, is extremely worried. When he was interviewed by the local newspaper, he said, “Every night we 3 strange noises outside our window. My wife thinks that it could be an animal, but my friends and I think it must be teenagers having fun. My parents called the police, but they couldn’t find anything strange. They think 4 might be the wind.” Everyone in our neighbourhood is worried, 5 everyone has his or her own ideas. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighbourhood, but what is it? 1．A．happy B．exciting C．strange D．amazing 2．A．everyone B．someone C．anyone D．no one 3．A．make B．hear C．listen D．look 4．A．she B．he C．they D．it 5．A．because B．and C．or D．so 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文讲述社区近期发生的怪事，居民们对此感到不安并提出不同猜测。 【解析】 1．句意：然而，这些天我们社区发生了一些奇怪的事情，且所有人都不开心。 happy高兴的；exciting令人兴奋的；strange奇怪的；amazing惊人的。根据“strange noises outside our window”和“but they couldn’t find anything strange.”可知，社区发生了奇怪的事情。故选C。 2．句意：然而，这些天我们社区发生了一些奇怪的事情，且所有人都不开心。 everyone每个人；someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人。根据“Everyone in our neighbourhood is worried”可知，此处指每个人都不开心。故选A。 3．句意：每晚我们都听到窗外有奇怪的声音。 make制造；hear听见；listen听，后需加to；look看。根据“strange noises”可知，此处指听到奇怪的声音，用及物动词hear。故选B。 4．句意：他们认为可能是风。 she她；he他；they他们；it它。根据“might be the wind”可知，此处指发出声音的东西可能是风，用代词it。故选D。 5．句意：社区每个人都很担忧，且每个人都有自己的想法。 because因为；and并且；or或者；so所以。根据“Everyone in our neighbourhood is worried”和“everyone has his or her own ideas”可知，前后句为并列关系，指每个人都很担忧且各有各的想法。用表示并列的连词and连接。故选B。 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $