第08讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 形容词副词的比较级最高级和大数量的表达（单元语法精练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第08讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 核心语法精练（形容词副词的比较级最高级和大数量的表达） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法1形容词副词的比较级最高级 语法2 大数量的表达 学习重点 运用本单元语法完成相应单元学习任务 知识点1. 形容词副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法 用法 意义 原级 as + 原级 + as 表示“……和……一样” Lucy is as thin as Lily. not as/so + 原级 + as 表示“……不如…… ” Jerry is not as/ so tall as Tom. 比较级二者之间 比较级 + than 表示“……比……更…… ” I’m older than her. 比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越…… ” The weather is hotter and hotter. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 表示“越……，越…… ” The more, the better. 最高级三者及以上 the +最高级（+名词）+ of/in 表示某一范围内“最……的 ” Alice is the tallest girl in her class. one of the + 最高级+ 复数名词 +of/in 表示某一范围内“最……的……之一 ” China is one of the biggest countries in the world. the + 序数词 + 最高级（+名词）+of/in 表示某一范围内“第几……的 ” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 知识点2. 大数量的读法 ①在读三位数的基数词时，在百位和十位之间（若十位为零，则在百位和个位之间）用and连接。 653 读作：six hundred and fifty-three 101 读作：one hundred and one 309 读作：three hundred and nine ②在读四位数及四位数以上的基数词时，先从右往左，每三位数加一个逗号，用这个方法把数字分成若干段，再一段一段地读。从右往左的第一个逗号前的数字后加thousand,第二个逗号前的数字后加million,第三个逗号前的数字后加billion。 1,023 读作：one thousand and twenty-three 329 读作：twenty-four thousand three hundred and twenty-nine 5,689,008 读作：five million six hundred and eighty-nine thousand and eight 一、单项选择 1．— Will you go to the airport by bus? — I’d rather take a taxi. It goes much ________. A．more slowly B．faster C．cheaper 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你要乘公共汽车去机场吗？——我宁愿坐出租车。它走得快得多。 more slowly更慢地；faster更快地；cheaper更便宜。根据“I’d rather take a taxi”可知说话人倾向于坐出租车，相比公交车，出租车通常速度更快，空前的“much”修饰比较级，谓语goes对应速度而非价格。应填faster。 2．Shanghai is bigger than ________ in Jiangsu and bigger than ________ in China. A．any city; any city B．any city; any other city C．any other city; the other city D．any other city; other cities 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上海比江苏的任何城市都大，比中国的任何其他城市都大。 any city任何城市；any other city任何其他城市；the other city另一个城市；other cities其他城市。上海不属于江苏范围内，第一空无需排除自身，用any city；上海属于中国范围内，第二空需排除自身，用any other city。 3．—Is Tom the ________ boy in your class? —No. In fact, Ben is ________ than Tom. A．outgoing; more outgoing B．more outgoing; most outgoing C．most outgoing; outgoing D．most outgoing; more outgoing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆是你们班最外向的男孩吗？——不。事实上，本比汤姆更外向。 outgoing是多音节形容词，第一空根据“in your class”可知比较范围是三者及以上，且空前有the，应用最高级most outgoing；第二空根据“than”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级more outgoing。应填most outgoing; more outgoing。 4．Now the after-school service is in proper use, and students are sure to have ________ homework and ________ free time than before. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．less; fewer 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在课后服务得到了合理利用，学生们的作业肯定比以前更少，空闲时间更多。 less更少，修饰不可数名词；more更多；fewer更少，修饰可数名词复数。“homework”和“free time”是不可数名词，且根据句意，课后服务合理使用，作业应“更少”，用less；空闲时间应“更多”，用more。故填less; more。 5．Bob is ________ of the two boys. A．tall B．taller C．the taller D．the tallest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：鲍勃是这两个男孩中较高的一个。 tall高的；taller较高的；the taller较高的那个；the tallest最高的。根据“of the two boys”可知是两者之间的比较，应用比较级；当特指两者中“较……的一个”时，比较级前需加定冠词the。 6．—Did you have fun at the learning workshop last week? —Yes. I’ve never been to_______one before. A．a more interesting B．the most excited C．a more interested D．the more interesting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你上周在学习研讨会上玩得开心吗？——是的。我以前从未参加过比这更有趣的一个。 a more interesting一个更有趣的；the most excited最兴奋的；a more interested一个更感兴趣的；the more interesting更有趣的。根据“I’ve never been to...one before”可知，此处是“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的用法，意为“从未去过比这更有趣的（即这是最有趣的）”。修饰事物“one（workshop）”应用interesting而非interested，且此处为泛指一个，应用不定冠词a。 7．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all. A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为泰山不仅比山东的其他山更高，而且也是所有山中最美丽的。 higher更高，the most beautiful最美丽的；the highest最高的；more beautiful更美丽的；high高的。第一空，根据“than”可知，此处应填形容词比较级higher；第二空，根据“of all”可知，此处应填形容词最高级the most beautiful。 8．________ exercise you take, the fatter you will be. A．The more B．The less C．The fewer D．The most 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你锻炼得越少，你就会越胖。 The more越多（用于可数或不可数）；The less越少（用于不可数名词）；The fewer越少（用于可数名词）；The most最多。此处是“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”固定句型，表示“越……，就越……”。“exercise”在此处为不可数名词，表示“锻炼”。根据“the fatter you will be”可知，锻炼越少导致越胖，应用the less。 9．We should have ________ meat and ________ soft drinks but more vegetables and fruit. A．fewer; less B．fewer; fewer C．less; fewer D．less; less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该吃更少的肉，喝更少的软饮料，但多吃蔬菜和水果。 fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；less更少的，修饰不可数名词。meat是不可数名词，应用less修饰；soft drinks是可数名词复数，应用fewer修饰。 10．— I don’t like this book. It’s too boring. — Me neither. I think it’s ________ than the one we read last week. A．boring B．more boring C．most boring D．the most boring 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不喜欢这本书。它太无聊了。——我也不喜欢。我觉得它比我们上周读的那本更无聊。 boring无聊的；more boring更无聊的；most boring最无聊的；the most boring最无聊的。句中出现标志词than（比），说明是两者（这本书和上周读的那本书）之间的比较，必须用形容词比较级，直接排除A（原级）、C、D（最高级，最高级用于三者及以上的比较）。boring是多音节形容词，多音节形容词的比较级变化规则是在原级前加more，因此正确形式是more boring。 11．This experience changed Lily. She became braver and ________. A．confident B．more confident C．most confident 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这次经历改变了莉莉。她变得更勇敢且更自信了。 and连接的是并列成分，braver是比较级，空处也需用比较级形式，confident是多音节形容词，其比较级为more confident。 12．The Yangtze River is ________ than the Yellow River, but the Yellow River is ________ river in Chinese history. A．longer; the most important B．longer; more important C．longest; the most important D．long; most important 【答案】A 【详解】句意：长江比黄河更长，但黄河是中国历史上最重要的河流。 根据第一空后的关键词“than”可知，此处是两者之间的比较，应用比较级 longer；根据第二空后的范围“in Chinese history”可知，此处表示在多者中进行比较，应用最高级the most important。 13．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life. A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：失去她的信任是我一生中最痛苦的经历。 more hurtful更令人伤心的；most hurtful最令人伤心的；more patient更有耐心的；most patient最有耐心的。根据“Losing her trust”可知是负面经历，排除patient；根据“of my life”可知是在一生所有经历中进行比较，应用最高级most，排除比较级more。应填most hurtful。 14．Among all the sports events in the world, the Olympic Games are ________ for every athlete. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在世界上所有的体育赛事中，奥运会对每位运动员来说都是最令人兴奋的。 根据“Among all the sports events in the world”可知，比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级。exciting是多音节形容词，最高级为most exciting，且最高级前通常加定冠词the。 15．Skating is one of ________ sports in winter. Teenagers love to play in the snow. A．the most popular B．popular C．more popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：滑冰是冬季最受欢迎的运动之一。青少年喜欢在雪中玩耍。 根据固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，且后文提到青少年喜欢在雪中玩耍，说明滑冰很受欢迎，因此需用最高级形式。 16．Of all the teachers, Mr. Wang is always ________. A．busy B．busiest C．the busier D．the busiest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在所有老师中，王老师总是最忙的。 busy忙碌的；busiest最忙碌的；the busier更忙碌的；the busiest最忙碌的。根据“Of all the teachers”可知比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。 17．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最无聊的电视节目。我一点也不喜欢它。 more boring更无聊的；most boring最无聊的。more exciting更令人兴奋的；most exciting最令人兴奋的。根据后面的“I don’t like it at all.”可知，此处表示“看过的最无聊的电视节目”。 18．Eileen Gu—one of ________ skiers won her sixth Olympic gold medal (金牌) at the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 【答案】D 【详解】句意：谷爱凌——最受欢迎的滑雪运动员之一，在2026年米兰冬奥会上赢得了她的第六枚奥运金牌。   popular受欢迎的（原级）；more popular更受欢迎的（比较级）；most popular最受欢迎的（最高级）；the most popular最受欢迎的（最高级，带定冠词）。句中“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，故应用最高级形式，且最高级前需加定冠词the，因此选用the most popular。 19．Flying Life 3 (飞驰人生3) is an exciting sports movie. It came out in February and it is one of the ________ movies of the year. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．much popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《飞驰人生3》是一部激动人心的体育电影。它在二月上映，是今年最受欢迎的电影之一。 根据固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，意为“……中最……之一”，此处表示今年最受欢迎的电影之一，应用最高级。more popular为比较级，只能用于两者比较，故C选项符合题意。 20．The Yangtze River flows ________ in China and is about 6,000 kilometers long. A．far B．farther C．the farthest D．most far 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长江是中国流经距离最长的河流，全长约6000公里。 far远；farther更远；the farthest最远；most far形式错误。根据“in China”可知是在中国范围内所有河流进行比较，三者及以上比较用最高级，far的最高级是farthest，前面常加the，应填the farthest。 21．Tengwang Pavilion is one of ________ buildings. Every year many people visit it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 【答案】D 【详解】句意：滕王阁是最著名的建筑之一。每年都有许多人参观它。 “one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数” 表示“最……之一”，可知此处需用最高级形式the most famous。 22．—Which is ________ river in China? —I believe it’s the Yellow River. It’s 5,464 kilometres long. A．second long B．the second long C．the second longer D．the second longest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：—中国第二长的河流是哪条？—我认为是黄河。它有5464公里长。 表示“第几最……的”时，固定结构是：the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词，这里要表达的是“中国第二长的河流”，所以要用这个结构。D项the second longest完全符合 “the+序数词+形容词最高级”的结构，表达“第二长的”，既符合语法，也和答句中的黄河（中国第二长河）的事实对应。 23．Maria is a patient girl. She does everything ________ than others. A．more careful B．more carefully C．most careful D．the most carefully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：玛丽亚是个有耐心的女孩。她做每件事都比别人更仔细。 more careful更仔细的 (形容词比较级，修饰名词)；more carefully更仔细地 (副词比较级，修饰动词)；most careful最仔细的 (形容词最高级)；the most carefully最仔细地 (副词最高级)。空格处修饰动词“does”，应用副词，且根据“than others”可知是比较级，应填more carefully。 24．________ Tom ran, ________ he found it was to breathe. A．The quicker; the harder B．The quicklier; the harder C．The more quickly; the hardlier D．The more quickly; the harder 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆跑得越快，他发现呼吸就越困难。 第一空修饰动词ran，应用副词quickly，其比较级为more quickly，quicklier形式错误；第二空表示“困难的”，应用形容词hard，其比较级为harder。故选D。 25．Of the three monkeys, the oldest was ________ injured in the earthquake. A．seriously B．more seriously C．most seriously 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这三只猴子中，最老的那只在地震中受伤最严重。 seriously严重地；more seriously更严重地；most seriously最严重地。根据“Of the three monkeys”可知比较范围是三者，三者及以上比较应用最高级，修饰injured需用副词最高级。故填most seriously。 26．—How do you read the number 40,391? —It’s ______. A．forty thousands, three hundreds and ninety-one B．forty thousand, three hundred and ninety-one C．forty thousand, and three hundred and ninety-one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你怎么读数字40,391？——它读作forty thousand, three hundred and ninety-one (四万零三百九十一)。 英语中hundred, thousand等词前有具体数字修饰时不用复数形式，排除A；百位与十位之间用and连接，千位与百位之间通常不用and，排除C。故选B。 27．— How long is the Yangtze River? —It’s six thousand three hundred and eighty-seven point five one kilometers long. A．6,378.51 kilometers B．6,387.51 kilometers C．6,387.15 kilometers D．6,377.50 kilometers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——长江有多长？——它是6387.51公里长。 根据“six thousand three hundred and eighty-seven”可知整数部分为6387；“point five one”表示小数点后为51，组合起来为6,387.51。 28．—How long is the new bridge? Do you know? —Yes, it’s about ______. A．two thousands seventy and three metres B．two thousand one hundred and forty and five metres C．two thousand one hundred and forty-five metres 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这座新桥有多长？你知道吗？——知道，它大约两千一百四十五米。 英语中thousand前有具体数字时不加s，排除A；十位和个位之间需用连字符连接，不能用and，排除B；C选项百位和十位之间加了and，十位和个位之间用了连字符，符合规范。选项C符合题意。 29．Three hundred thousand, one hundred seventy is ________. A．3,170 B．3,117 C．300,170 D．30,170 【答案】C 【详解】句意：三十万一百七十是300,170。 根据“Three hundred thousand”意为300,000，“one hundred and seventy”为 170，组合起来为300,170。 30．How do you read the big number 6,325,047? A．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven B．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven C．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven D．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven 【答案】B 【详解】在英语中，数字的读法是从高位到低位，每三位为一个单位。从左到右，第一个逗号前是6，读作six million；第二个逗号前是325，读作three hundred and twenty-five thousand；最后三位数047，百位为0，在英式英语中，当末尾不足一百时，应在“thousand”后加and。 二、单词拼写 31．My sister was ________ (thin) than I. 【答案】 thinner 【详解】句意：我妹妹比我瘦。句中的“than”表明此处需用形容词比较级。“thin”的比较级为“thinner”。 32．Please call me for _________ (far) information. My telephone number is 87893764. 【答案】 further 【详解】句意：如需更多信息，请给我打电话。我的电话号码是87893764。括号中的“far”需要变形来修饰后面的名词information，结合语境表示“更多的”含义，far的比较级形式为further，可表示“更多的、进一步的”。 33．The weather in Guangzhou is a little ________ (hot) than that in Kunming. 【答案】 hotter 【详解】句意：广州的天气比昆明的天气要热一点。句中出现“than”，表示两者比较，需用形容词的比较级形式。hot的比较级需双写末尾辅音字母t再加-er，故填hotter。 34．In fact, Mary is ________ (funny) than any other girl in the class. 【答案】funnier 【详解】句意：事实上，Mary比班上其他任何女孩都更有趣。句中“than”是比较级的标志词，因此形容词“funny”需变为比较级形式“funnier”。 35．This book is ________ (interesting) than that one. I read it twice last month. 【答案】more interesting 【详解】句意：这本书比那本更有趣，我上个月读了它两遍。根据句中的“than”可知此处要用形容词的比较级形式，“interesting”是多音节形容词，其比较级为more interesting。 36．The Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the ________ (great) natural wonders in China. 【答案】greatest 【详解】句意：黄果树瀑布是中国最伟大的自然奇观之一。great“伟大的；极好的”，句中“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，表示在多个事物中进行比较，需要用形容词的最高级形式，great的最高级是greatest“最伟大的”。 37．The Children’s Park is ________ (beautiful) park in our city. 【答案】the most beautiful 【详解】句意：儿童公园是我们城市最美丽的公园。题干中出现了in our city表示范围的限定，需用形容词的最高级，作定语修饰名词park，beautiful是多音节形容词，最高级形式为most beautiful，前面没有其他修饰内容，最高级前要加定冠词the。 38．The ________ (clear) memory I have is of my first day at school. 【答案】clearest 【详解】句意：我最清晰的记忆是上学的第一天。clear意为“清晰的”，是形容词。根据“The...memory I have”可知，此处表示在记忆中最为清晰的，应用形容词的最高级形式clearest。 39．The sun shines ________ (bright) in summer than in winter. 【答案】more brightly 【详解】句意：夏天的阳光比冬天更明亮。bright意为“明亮的”，是形容词。此处修饰动词shines，应用副词形式brightly。根据句中的“than”可知，应用副词的比较级，brightly的比较级为more brightly。 40．Which animal runs ________ (fast), the giraffe, the zebra, or the cheetah? 【答案】fastest/the fastest 【详解】句意：长颈鹿、斑马和猎豹中，哪种动物跑得最快？句中giraffe, zebra, cheetah三者比较，需用fast的最高级形式fastest，副词最高级前面可加定冠词the，也可省略。故填fastest/the fastest。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lake Natron is a lake in Tanzania, East Africa. Its water is red, and the lake is one of the 41 (salt) lakes in the world. The red colour 42 (come) from salt-loving organisms (生物) called halophiles. This is a 43 (nature) wonder, but also dangerous to many living things. Lake Natron is very hot. And its water can reach 60℃. The lake’s high salt levels can burn skin and even damage (损害) eyes. That’s why many animals cannot live here. But one special bird, 44 flamingo, loves this lake. It builds nests on the salt islands. Every year, thousands of flamingos come here 45 (lay) eggs and raise their chicks. The lake gives them a safe home, 46 few animals can reach their nests. The lake’s beauty is 47 (change). Sometimes it looks red, sometimes pink, and sometimes silver or orange. This depends on the sunlight, temperature, and algae (藻类) in the water. Its colours change throughout the day and across seasons. Strong winds can also change the shape of the salt crusts. People must be careful here. Walking near the lake is 48 (risk). The salt crust can break, and people can fall 49 the hot, salty water. The air around the lake sometimes smells terrible because of chemicals in the water. Still, it is a magical place to visit and study, especially for 50 (science) and photographers. 【答案】 41．saltiest 42．comes 43．natural 44．the 45．to lay 46．because 47．changeable 48．risky 49．into 50．scientists 【导语】本文主要介绍了东非坦桑尼亚的纳特龙湖，其湖水呈红色、含盐量极高、水温很高，对多数生物危险，却是火烈鸟理想的繁殖地。文章还描述了湖水颜色的多变性以及靠近湖泊的危险性。 【详解】41．句意：它的水是红色的，这个湖是世界上最咸的湖泊之一。salt“盐”，此处修饰名词lakes，用形容词形式salty“咸的”，“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，salty的最高级为saltiest“最咸的”。 42．句意：红色来自一种叫做嗜盐菌的喜盐生物。come from“来自”，空处作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为The red colour，动词用第三人称单数形式comes。 43．句意：这是一个自然奇观，但对许多生物也很危险。nature“自然”，修饰名词wonder，用其形容词形式natural“自然的”。 44．句意：但有一种特别的鸟，火烈鸟，喜欢这个湖。此处表示一类事物（火烈鸟这类鸟），前面加定冠词the。 45．句意：每年，成千上万的火烈鸟来到这里产卵并抚养它们的幼鸟。lay“下（蛋），产（卵）”，此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“来这里的目的是产卵和抚养幼鸟”。 46．句意：湖给了它们一个安全的家，因为很少有动物能到达它们的巢穴。“很少有动物能到达它们的巢穴”是“湖给了它们一个安全的家”的原因，用because“因为”引导原因状语从句。 47．句意：这个湖的美是多变的。句子缺表语，下文提到湖水颜色会变红、粉、银或橙色，说明它的美是多变的，用change“变化”的形容词形式changeable“多变的”。 48．句意：在湖边行走是危险的。be动词is后接形容词作表语，risk“危险”的形容词形式是risky“危险的”。 49．句意：盐壳可能会破裂，人们可能会掉入滚烫的咸水中。fall into意为“掉入、落入”。 50．句意：尽管如此，它仍然是一个参观和学习的神奇之地，尤其是对科学家和摄影师来说。and连接并列成分，photographers“摄影师”是复数，science“科学”对应的职业名词scientist“科学家”也用复数scientists。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Mount Qomolangma, standing at around 8,848.86 metres, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. But do you know that 51 (it) height is growing? Scientists say the huge mountain grows by as much as two millimetres (毫米) every year. Two millimetres is very tiny, 52 the change will be big over time. In 53 recent study, researchers have suggested that Qomolangma is growing because of a river, the Arun. This powerful river 54 (run) along the Himalayas and washes away rocks and soil. Then a huge, deep gorge (峡谷) 55 (create). As there is now less ground material left in that area, the crust (地壳) becomes lighter as well. This allows the crusts 56 (push) against each other and go upwards. Many 57 (year) later, the whole process raises the height of the land—even big, heavy mountains. 58 makes Qomolangma grow so rapidly? Researchers discovered that with a lot more water going through the Arun, the river would wash away more rocks and soil. As a result, the gorge becomes even 59 (big) in a shorter time, causing Qomolangma to grow more quickly. It is 60 (real) amazing to think about how nature can change the world’s highest mountain! 【答案】 51．its 52．but 53．a 54．runs 55．is created 56．to push 57．years 58．What 59．bigger 60．really 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的高度仍在增长，科学家解释了其中的原因与阿伦河有关。 【详解】51．句意：但你知道它的高度还在增长吗？此处修饰名词“height”，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。 52．句意：两毫米非常微小，但随着时间的推移，变化会很大。前后句意存在转折关系，前说“微小”，后说“变化大”，应用转折连词but。 53．句意：在最近的一项研究中，研究人员提出珠穆朗玛峰因阿伦河而增高。study为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一项研究”，且recent以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 54．句意：这条强大的河流沿着喜马拉雅山脉奔流，冲刷岩石和土壤。描述客观事实，句子时态为一般现在时；主语“This powerful river”为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用run的第三人称单数形式runs。 55．句意：然后，一个巨大而深的峡谷被形成。主语“a huge, deep gorge”与动词create之间为被动关系，且描述一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为is/am/are+过去分词；主语为单数，be动词用is，create的过去分词为created。 56．句意：这使得地壳相互挤压并向上移动。allow sb./sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许……做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to push作宾语补足语。 57．句意：许多年后，整个过程抬高了地面的高度——甚至是高大沉重的山脉。year为可数名词，其前有many修饰，应用复数形式years。 58．句意：是什么让珠穆朗玛峰增长得如此迅速？此处为特殊疑问词引导的疑问句，询问原因或事物，且作主语，应用疑问代词What，首字母大写。 59．句意：结果，峡谷在更短的时间内变得更大，导致珠穆朗玛峰增长得更快。even后常接形容词比较级表示程度加深，big的比较级为bigger。 60．句意：思考大自然如何改变世界最高峰真是令人惊叹。此处修饰整个句子，应用副词作状语，real的副词形式为really。 四、完形填空 There are many amazing natural wonders on Earth. They show the beauty of our planet and make us feel surprised. Mount Everest is one of the 61 mountains in the world. It is between China and Nepal, and its height is about 8,848 meters. 62 climbing it is not easy, many people still dream of reaching its top. The Dead Sea is another special place. It is the lowest point on Earth, and 63 surface is about 430 meters 64 sea level. The water here has much salt, 65 people can float easily in it without sinking. Have you heard of the Mariana Trench? It is in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest part of the ocean, and very few people 66 it so far. These natural wonders are 67 great gift from nature. We should cherish these wonders and protect our Earth. Every time we learn about them, we will feel the magic of nature and be more grateful for the world we live in. Many scientists spend years on the 68 of these wonders to know more about our planet. 69 amazing nature is to create such places, and we can always find new joy in these natural 70 . 61．A．high B．higher C．highest 62．A．Although B．So C．Because 63．A．its B．it C．it’s 64．A．above B．below C．beside 65．A．so B．or C．but 66．A．visit B．visited C．have visited 67．A．a B．an C．the 68．A．measure B．measures C．measurement 69．A．How B．What C．Which 70．A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．A 64．B 65．A 66．C 67．A 68．C 69．A 70．B 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰、死海和马里亚纳海沟等自然奇观，呼吁人们珍惜和保护大自然。 【详解】61．句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰之一。 “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此用最高级。 62．句意：虽然攀登它不容易，但许多人仍梦想到达顶峰。 前后句是转折关系，因此用Although“虽然”引导让步状语从句。 63．句意：它是地球最低点，且它的表面大约低于海平面430米。 修饰名词surface需用形容词性物主代词，应用its“它的”。it“它”以及it’s“它是”均不符合语法结构。 64．句意：表面大约低于海平面430米。 根据常识，死海是陆地最低点，位置在海平面以下，因此用below“在……之下”。 65．句意：这里的水含盐量很高，所以人们可以很容易地漂浮在其中而不下沉。 前后句是因果关系，因此用so“所以”。or“或者；否则”以及but“但是”不符合逻辑关系。 66．句意：它是海洋最深的部分，到目前为止很少有人参观过它。 时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的标志词，因此用have visited。 67．句意：这些自然奇观是大自然的一份伟大礼物。 此处表示“一份礼物”，是泛指，且great以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 68．句意：许多科学家花多年时间在这些奇观的测量上以了解更多关于地球的知识。 “on the + 名词 + of”是固定结构，此处需用名词表示“测量（数据）”，因此用measurement。 69．句意：大自然创造这些地方是多么神奇啊，我们总能在这些自然奇观中找到新的乐趣。 本句是感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语”，amazing是形容词，因此用How。 70．句意：我们总能在这些自然奇观中找到新的乐趣。 these“这些”后接复数名词，因此用wonders“奇观”。 Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 71 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 72 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 73 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 74 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 75 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 76 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 77 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 78 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 79 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 80 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 71．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 72．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 73．A．history B．story C．number D．population 74．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 75．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 76．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 77．A．season B．day C．place D．month 78．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 79．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 80．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive 【答案】 71．C 72．D 73．A 74．B 75．D 76．B 77．D 78．C 79．D 80．A 【导语】本文介绍戈壁沙漠的环境、历史与资源，重点给出旅游建议，提醒游客做好准备，选合适时间前往体验游牧文化。 【详解】71．句意：但还有另一个许多人不知道的沙漠。 前文提到人人都知道撒哈拉沙漠，这里用转折说明很多人不了解戈壁沙漠，因此用know（了解）。believe（相信）、like（喜欢）、visit（参观）均不符合语境。 72．句意：它有一个非常艰苦的环境，气温变化极端。 后文提到极端的温度变化，说明环境是hard（恶劣的）。clean（干净的）、cold（寒冷的）、beautiful（美丽的）均无法概括戈壁的整体环境特点。 73．句意：它有超过 5000 年的历史。 前文提到数千年的居住历史，因此选history（历史）。story（故事）、number（数字）、population（人口）均不符合语境。 74．句意：人们利用戈壁沙漠的资源来生产能源。 根据“use resources”，可知目的是产生或生产能源。produce energy意为“生产能源”，符合语境。waste（浪费）、save（节约）、use（使用）均不符合 “利用资源” 的逻辑。 75．句意：最重要的事情是准备暖和的衣服和护具。 戈壁环境恶劣，保暖和防护是important（重要的）准备事项。strange（奇怪的）、difficult（困难的）、interesting（有趣的）均不符合语境。 76．句意：如果你想探索戈壁沙漠，不要在一月去。 后文介绍了旅行的时间建议，说明这里是想explore（探索）沙漠。explain（解释）、protect（保护）、share（分享）均不符合语境。 77．句意：一月是蒙古最冷的月份。 前文提到的“January” 是月份，因此选month（月份）。season（季节）、day（天）、place（地方）均不符合。 78．句意：这意味着会有太多问题。 道路被雪封住，会带来很多麻烦，因此选problems（问题 / 麻烦）。ways（方式）、people（人）、words（话语）均不符合语境。 79．句意：你可以欣赏独特景观并拍更好的照片。 五月或九月的天气和风景更适合拍照，因此能拍出nicer（更好的）照片。cheaper（更便宜的）、fewer（更少的）、larger（更大的）均不符合语境。 80．句意：它们提供传统蒙古食物和住宿地方。 蒙古包会提供食物和住宿服务，serve符合题意。choose（选择）、change（改变）、receive（接收）均不符合语境。 五、阅读理解 Do you know mountains that look like huge stone pillars (石柱)? Many people feel surprised when they first see the special mountains in Zhangjiajie. How did these mountains form? Let’s travel through time to discover their story. Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water. Rivers brought sand to the seabed. Year after year, new sand fell on the old sand. The sand layers (层) grew thicker (更厚的) and thicker like a giant cake baking in the oven, with each new layer pressing the old ones tighter. The heavy new sand pushed the old sand together. After millions of years, the sand became hard rock.The hard rock was sandstone. Then, something amazing happened. The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land.The sandstone started breaking into big pieces. Now came nature’s artists—wind and water. Strong winds blew against the sandstone, while rainwater made small holes (洞) in the stones. Like a knife cutting cakes, rivers flowed (流淌) through these holes and made them deeper. These two natural artists slowly changed the sandstone into beautiful stone pillars. But this story isn’t over. Even now, wind and rain keep making the stone pillars smaller. Every year, these pillars lose a tiny bit of their height, like candles melting slowly. And then new cracks (裂缝) appear. Scientists say that after millions more years, these stone pillars will completely disappear. So we’re ▲ to see this natural wonder before it’s all gone. 81．What was Zhangjiajie like long ago? A．A dry desert. B．A big forest. C．A wide grassland. D．A water world. 82．What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Moved up. B．Warmed up. C．Came around. D．Turned around. 83．Which of the following can we put in the “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．worried B．sorry C．confident D．lucky 84．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell us what makes the mountains disappear. B．To advise where visitors should go in Zhangjiajie C．To show us how the stone pillars grew over the years. D．To tell us why we need to look after the mountains. 【答案】81．D 82．A 83．D 84．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了张家界石柱状山脉的形成过程，从海底沉积到地壳上升，再到风和水的侵蚀作用，并指出这些石柱最终会完全消失。 【详解】81．文章第二段指出“Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water.”，说明很久以前张家界是水下世界，即a water world。 82．文章第三段指出“The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land.”，海底变成干地，说明是上升了，因此“ascended”意为“Moved up”。 83．文章最后一段指出石柱最终会完全消失，而我们能在它们消失前看到这一自然奇观，这是一种幸运，因此填入“lucky”最合适。 84．文章开篇提问“How did these mountains form?”，随后详细解释了石柱从海底沉积到砂岩形成，再到风和水侵蚀变成石柱的整个过程，因此写作目的是展示石柱是如何逐年形成的。C项中的“grew over the years”准确概括了这一过程。 The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest places on earth. Although it is a lake, it is called a “sea” due to its lack of fresh water. Why is the Dead Sea so salty? One reason is that it is about 430.5 meters below sea level. A long time ago, salt water flowed into the Dead Sea. Now, water from the Jordan River flows into the Dead Sea. With no outlet (出口),  the water evaporates (蒸发) under the hot sun, leaving salt behind. Scientists say that the Dead Sea is falling. Its water level is dropping by 3.3 feet per year. People are using more water from the river. Less fresh water enters the lake every year. Lakes are usually filled with life. But the Dead Sea lives up to its name. Nothing lives there. There are no plants. No birds or animals can drink the water. If fish from the river swim into the Dead Sea by mistake, they will die. The water kills almost everything. It is saltier than ocean water. People like to visit this lake. There are hotels and beaches. People like to float (漂浮) on the salt water. The salt water holds them up as if they were lying on rafts (木筏)! Some tourists even like to read books as they float on the water. They are covered with salt when they come out of the water. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 85．Why do people call the Dead Sea a “sea”? A．Because it is very deep. B．Because it lacks fresh water. C．Because it is the world’s largest sea. 86．What is happening to the water level of the Dead Sea according to the scientists? A．It is getting wider. B．It is falling slowly. C．It is drying quickly. 87．What can we know from the text? A．Who live near the Dead Sea. B．Who first named the Dead Sea. C．How the Dead Sea became so salty. 88．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To explain why the Dead Sea is so salty and special. B．To introduce the hotels and beaches near the Dead Sea. C．To describe how people enjoy floating in the Dead Sea. 【答案】85．B 86．B 87．C 88．A 【导语】本文介绍了死海形成高盐度的原因、目前面临的水位下降问题以及其独特的旅游价值。 【详解】85．根据第一段“Although it is a lake, it is called a ‘sea’ due to its lack of fresh water.”可知，死海虽然是湖泊，但因为缺少淡水而被称为“海”。 86．根据第三段“Scientists say that the Dead Sea is falling. Its water level is dropping by 3.3 feet per year.”可知，科学家认为死海水位正在缓慢下降。 87．根据第二段“Why is the Dead Sea so salty?”以及后文对死海盐度形成原因、水位变化和特点的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了死海为什么这么咸。 88．根据全文内容可知，文章围绕死海展开，介绍了死海名称的由来、高盐度形成原因、水位下降现状以及独特现象，旨在解释死海为何如此咸且特别。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第08讲 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 核心语法精练（形容词副词的比较级最高级和大数量的表达） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法1形容词副词的比较级最高级 语法2 大数量的表达 学习重点 运用本单元语法完成相应单元学习任务 知识点1. 形容词副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法 用法 意义 原级 as + 原级 + as 表示“……和……一样” Lucy is as thin as Lily. not as/so + 原级 + as 表示“……不如…… ” Jerry is not as/ so tall as Tom. 比较级二者之间 比较级 + than 表示“……比……更…… ” I’m older than her. 比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越…… ” The weather is hotter and hotter. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 表示“越……，越…… ” The more, the better. 最高级三者及以上 the +最高级（+名词）+ of/in 表示某一范围内“最……的 ” Alice is the tallest girl in her class. one of the + 最高级+ 复数名词 +of/in 表示某一范围内“最……的……之一 ” China is one of the biggest countries in the world. the + 序数词 + 最高级（+名词）+of/in 表示某一范围内“第几……的 ” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 知识点2. 大数量的读法 ①在读三位数的基数词时，在百位和十位之间（若十位为零，则在百位和个位之间）用and连接。 653 读作：six hundred and fifty-three 101 读作：one hundred and one 309 读作：three hundred and nine ②在读四位数及四位数以上的基数词时，先从右往左，每三位数加一个逗号，用这个方法把数字分成若干段，再一段一段地读。从右往左的第一个逗号前的数字后加thousand,第二个逗号前的数字后加million,第三个逗号前的数字后加billion。 1,023 读作：one thousand and twenty-three 329 读作：twenty-four thousand three hundred and twenty-nine 5,689,008 读作：five million six hundred and eighty-nine thousand and eight 一、单项选择 1．— Will you go to the airport by bus? — I’d rather take a taxi. It goes much ________. A．more slowly B．faster C．cheaper 2．Shanghai is bigger than ________ in Jiangsu and bigger than ________ in China. A．any city; any city B．any city; any other city C．any other city; the other city D．any other city; other cities 3．—Is Tom the ________ boy in your class? —No. In fact, Ben is ________ than Tom. A．outgoing; more outgoing B．more outgoing; most outgoing C．most outgoing; outgoing D．most outgoing; more outgoing 4．Now the after-school service is in proper use, and students are sure to have ________ homework and ________ free time than before. A．less; more B．fewer; less C．less; fewer 5．Bob is ________ of the two boys. A．tall B．taller C．the taller D．the tallest 6．—Did you have fun at the learning workshop last week? —Yes. I’ve never been to_______one before. A．a more interesting B．the most excited C．a more interested D．the more interesting 7．I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________ of all. A．higher; the most beautiful B．the highest; more beautiful C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 8．________ exercise you take, the fatter you will be. A．The more B．The less C．The fewer D．The most 9．We should have ________ meat and ________ soft drinks but more vegetables and fruit. A．fewer; less B．fewer; fewer C．less; fewer D．less; less 10．— I don’t like this book. It’s too boring. — Me neither. I think it’s ________ than the one we read last week. A．boring B．more boring C．most boring D．the most boring 11．This experience changed Lily. She became braver and ________. A．confident B．more confident C．most confident 12．The Yangtze River is ________ than the Yellow River, but the Yellow River is ________ river in Chinese history. A．longer; the most important B．longer; more important C．longest; the most important D．long; most important 13．Losing her trust was the ________ experience of my life. A．more hurtful B．most hurtful C．more patient D．most patient 14．Among all the sports events in the world, the Olympic Games are ________ for every athlete. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting 15．Skating is one of ________ sports in winter. Teenagers love to play in the snow. A．the most popular B．popular C．more popular 16．Of all the teachers, Mr. Wang is always ________. A．busy B．busiest C．the busier D．the busiest 17．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 18．Eileen Gu—one of ________ skiers won her sixth Olympic gold medal (金牌) at the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 19．Flying Life 3 (飞驰人生3) is an exciting sports movie. It came out in February and it is one of the ________ movies of the year. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．much popular 20．The Yangtze River flows ________ in China and is about 6,000 kilometers long. A．far B．farther C．the farthest D．most far 21．Tengwang Pavilion is one of ________ buildings. Every year many people visit it. A．famous B．more famous C．the more famous D．the most famous 22．—Which is ________ river in China? —I believe it’s the Yellow River. It’s 5,464 kilometres long. A．second long B．the second long C．the second longer D．the second longest 23．Maria is a patient girl. She does everything ________ than others. A．more careful B．more carefully C．most careful D．the most carefully 24．________ Tom ran, ________ he found it was to breathe. A．The quicker; the harder B．The quicklier; the harder C．The more quickly; the hardlier D．The more quickly; the harder 25．Of the three monkeys, the oldest was ________ injured in the earthquake. A．seriously B．more seriously C．most seriously 26．—How do you read the number 40,391? —It’s ______. A．forty thousands, three hundreds and ninety-one B．forty thousand, three hundred and ninety-one C．forty thousand, and three hundred and ninety-one 27．— How long is the Yangtze River? —It’s six thousand three hundred and eighty-seven point five one kilometers long. A．6,378.51 kilometers B．6,387.51 kilometers C．6,387.15 kilometers D．6,377.50 kilometers 28．—How long is the new bridge? Do you know? —Yes, it’s about ______. A．two thousands seventy and three metres B．two thousand one hundred and forty and five metres C．two thousand one hundred and forty-five metres 29．Three hundred thousand, one hundred seventy is ________. A．3,170 B．3,117 C．300,170 D．30,170 30．How do you read the big number 6,325,047? A．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven B．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven C．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven D．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven 二、单词拼写 31．My sister was ________ (thin) than I. 32．Please call me for _________ (far) information. My telephone number is 87893764. 33．The weather in Guangzhou is a little ________ (hot) than that in Kunming. 34．In fact, Mary is ________ (funny) than any other girl in the class. 35．This book is ________ (interesting) than that one. I read it twice last month. 36．The Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the ________ (great) natural wonders in China. 37．The Children’s Park is ________ (beautiful) park in our city. 38．The ________ (clear) memory I have is of my first day at school. 39．The sun shines ________ (bright) in summer than in winter. 40．Which animal runs ________ (fast), the giraffe, the zebra, or the cheetah? 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lake Natron is a lake in Tanzania, East Africa. Its water is red, and the lake is one of the 41 (salt) lakes in the world. The red colour 42 (come) from salt-loving organisms (生物) called halophiles. This is a 43 (nature) wonder, but also dangerous to many living things. Lake Natron is very hot. And its water can reach 60℃. The lake’s high salt levels can burn skin and even damage (损害) eyes. That’s why many animals cannot live here. But one special bird, 44 flamingo, loves this lake. It builds nests on the salt islands. Every year, thousands of flamingos come here 45 (lay) eggs and raise their chicks. The lake gives them a safe home, 46 few animals can reach their nests. The lake’s beauty is 47 (change). Sometimes it looks red, sometimes pink, and sometimes silver or orange. This depends on the sunlight, temperature, and algae (藻类) in the water. Its colours change throughout the day and across seasons. Strong winds can also change the shape of the salt crusts. People must be careful here. Walking near the lake is 48 (risk). The salt crust can break, and people can fall 49 the hot, salty water. The air around the lake sometimes smells terrible because of chemicals in the water. Still, it is a magical place to visit and study, especially for 50 (science) and photographers. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词或填入括号中单词的正确形式。 Mount Qomolangma, standing at around 8,848.86 metres, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. But do you know that 51 (it) height is growing? Scientists say the huge mountain grows by as much as two millimetres (毫米) every year. Two millimetres is very tiny, 52 the change will be big over time. In 53 recent study, researchers have suggested that Qomolangma is growing because of a river, the Arun. This powerful river 54 (run) along the Himalayas and washes away rocks and soil. Then a huge, deep gorge (峡谷) 55 (create). As there is now less ground material left in that area, the crust (地壳) becomes lighter as well. This allows the crusts 56 (push) against each other and go upwards. Many 57 (year) later, the whole process raises the height of the land—even big, heavy mountains. 58 makes Qomolangma grow so rapidly? Researchers discovered that with a lot more water going through the Arun, the river would wash away more rocks and soil. As a result, the gorge becomes even 59 (big) in a shorter time, causing Qomolangma to grow more quickly. It is 60 (real) amazing to think about how nature can change the world’s highest mountain! 四、完形填空 There are many amazing natural wonders on Earth. They show the beauty of our planet and make us feel surprised. Mount Everest is one of the 61 mountains in the world. It is between China and Nepal, and its height is about 8,848 meters. 62 climbing it is not easy, many people still dream of reaching its top. The Dead Sea is another special place. It is the lowest point on Earth, and 63 surface is about 430 meters 64 sea level. The water here has much salt, 65 people can float easily in it without sinking. Have you heard of the Mariana Trench? It is in the western Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest part of the ocean, and very few people 66 it so far. These natural wonders are 67 great gift from nature. We should cherish these wonders and protect our Earth. Every time we learn about them, we will feel the magic of nature and be more grateful for the world we live in. Many scientists spend years on the 68 of these wonders to know more about our planet. 69 amazing nature is to create such places, and we can always find new joy in these natural 70 . 61．A．high B．higher C．highest 62．A．Although B．So C．Because 63．A．its B．it C．it’s 64．A．above B．below C．beside 65．A．so B．or C．but 66．A．visit B．visited C．have visited 67．A．a B．an C．the 68．A．measure B．measures C．measurement 69．A．How B．What C．Which 70．A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful Everyone knows that the largest desert in the world is the Sahara Desert in Africa. But there is another desert that many people don’t 71 . It’s the Gobi Desert in Asia, and it’s the largest cold winter desert in the world. Although the Gobi Desert is not as hot as the Sahara, it has a very 72 environment with extreme temperature changes. The Mongolians (蒙古人) and Chinese have lived near the desert for thousands of years, and it has a 73 of over 5,000 years. People use the resources in the Gobi Desert to 74 energy. At certain times of the year, strong winds blow across the desert, creating the famous “singing sands” wonder. So before you visit, the most 75 thing is to prepare warm clothes and protective gear (护具) If you want to 76 the Gobi Desert, don’t go in January. January is the coldest 77 in Mongolia, and most roads are blocked by snow. It means there will be too many 78 . It’s better to go in May or September. At this time, you can enjoy the unique landscape and take 79 photos. There are many local yurts (蒙古包) in the area. They 80 traditional Mongolian food and places to stay. Don’t forget to experience the nomadic (游牧) culture yourself! 71．A．believe B．like C．know D．visit 72．A．clean B．cold C．beautiful D．hard 73．A．history B．story C．number D．population 74．A．waste B．produce C．save D．use 75．A．strange B．difficult C．interesting D．important 76．A．explain B．explore C．protect D．share 77．A．season B．day C．place D．month 78．A．ways B．people C．problems D．words 79．A．cheaper B．fewer C．larger D．nicer 80．A．serve B．choose C．change D．receive 五、阅读理解 Do you know mountains that look like huge stone pillars (石柱)? Many people feel surprised when they first see the special mountains in Zhangjiajie. How did these mountains form? Let’s travel through time to discover their story. Long ago, Zhangjiajie was under water. Rivers brought sand to the seabed. Year after year, new sand fell on the old sand. The sand layers (层) grew thicker (更厚的) and thicker like a giant cake baking in the oven, with each new layer pressing the old ones tighter. The heavy new sand pushed the old sand together. After millions of years, the sand became hard rock.The hard rock was sandstone. Then, something amazing happened. The seabed slowly ascended and became dry land.The sandstone started breaking into big pieces. Now came nature’s artists—wind and water. Strong winds blew against the sandstone, while rainwater made small holes (洞) in the stones. Like a knife cutting cakes, rivers flowed (流淌) through these holes and made them deeper. These two natural artists slowly changed the sandstone into beautiful stone pillars. But this story isn’t over. Even now, wind and rain keep making the stone pillars smaller. Every year, these pillars lose a tiny bit of their height, like candles melting slowly. And then new cracks (裂缝) appear. Scientists say that after millions more years, these stone pillars will completely disappear. So we’re ▲ to see this natural wonder before it’s all gone. 81．What was Zhangjiajie like long ago? A．A dry desert. B．A big forest. C．A wide grassland. D．A water world. 82．What does the underlined word “ascended” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Moved up. B．Warmed up. C．Came around. D．Turned around. 83．Which of the following can we put in the “ ▲ ” in the last paragraph? A．worried B．sorry C．confident D．lucky 84．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To tell us what makes the mountains disappear. B．To advise where visitors should go in Zhangjiajie C．To show us how the stone pillars grew over the years. D．To tell us why we need to look after the mountains. The Dead Sea is one of the saltiest places on earth. Although it is a lake, it is called a “sea” due to its lack of fresh water. Why is the Dead Sea so salty? One reason is that it is about 430.5 meters below sea level. A long time ago, salt water flowed into the Dead Sea. Now, water from the Jordan River flows into the Dead Sea. With no outlet (出口),  the water evaporates (蒸发) under the hot sun, leaving salt behind. Scientists say that the Dead Sea is falling. Its water level is dropping by 3.3 feet per year. People are using more water from the river. Less fresh water enters the lake every year. Lakes are usually filled with life. But the Dead Sea lives up to its name. Nothing lives there. There are no plants. No birds or animals can drink the water. If fish from the river swim into the Dead Sea by mistake, they will die. The water kills almost everything. It is saltier than ocean water. People like to visit this lake. There are hotels and beaches. People like to float (漂浮) on the salt water. The salt water holds them up as if they were lying on rafts (木筏)! Some tourists even like to read books as they float on the water. They are covered with salt when they come out of the water. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 85．Why do people call the Dead Sea a “sea”? A．Because it is very deep. B．Because it lacks fresh water. C．Because it is the world’s largest sea. 86．What is happening to the water level of the Dead Sea according to the scientists? A．It is getting wider. B．It is falling slowly. C．It is drying quickly. 87．What can we know from the text? A．Who live near the Dead Sea. B．Who first named the Dead Sea. C．How the Dead Sea became so salty. 88．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To explain why the Dead Sea is so salty and special. B．To introduce the hotels and beaches near the Dead Sea. C．To describe how people enjoy floating in the Dead Sea. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $