第02讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax 动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语（单元语法精练）（暑假预习讲义）新八年级英语新教材鲁教版（五四学制）

第02讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心语法精练（动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法1动词不定式作状语 语法2 动词不定式作宾语补足语 学习重点 运用本单元语法完成相应单元学习任务 一、动词不定式的构成 　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，基本形式是“to+动词原形”。其中to是动词不定式符号，在有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 » Mr Li told me to listen carefully in class.　李老师要求我上课认真听讲。 »Please tell Jim not to come late next time.　请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。 二、动词不定式的功能 动词不定式作状语 当动词不定式作状语时，它用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，主要表示目的、原因或结果。 1. 表示目的（最常见） 为了做某事，相当于 in order to。 I study hard to get good grades. （我努力学习是为了取得好成绩。） To catch the early bus, she got up at 6 am. （为了赶上早班车，她早上6点就起床了。） 2. 表示原因 通常跟在表示情感的形容词（如 glad, sad, happy, sorry, surprised 等）后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。 I‘m very glad to see you. （我很高兴见到你。） He was surprised to hear the news. （听到这个消息，他很惊讶。） 3. 表示结果 通常可以翻译为“结果……”，有时是意想不到的结果。 He woke up to find everyone had gone. （他醒来结果发现大家都走了。） He is too young to look after himself. （他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。） 动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 1. “使役/让”类动词： let, make, have 结构： let/make/have + sb. + do sth. (不带 to 的不定式) My mother makes me clean my room every week. （我妈妈让我每周打扫房间。） Let him go. （让他走吧。） 2. “邀请/要求/告诉”类动词： ask, tell, want, order, invite, teach, wish, would like 结构： ask/tell/want + sb. + to do sth. The teacher asked us to read the text. （老师让我们读课文。） I want you to be happy. （我想让你快乐。） 3. “感官”类动词： see, watch, hear, feel 结构1（看/听到全过程）： see/watch/hear + sb. + do sth. (不带 to) I saw him enter the building. （我看见他进了大楼。） 结构2（看/听到动作片段或正在进行）： see/watch/hear + sb. + doing sth. (现在分词) I heard her singing in the next room. （我听见她正在隔壁唱歌。） 一、单项选择 1．The doctor seriously warns the patient ________ any cold food after the surgery (手术). A．to not eat B．not to eat C．not eating 【答案】B 【详解】句意：医生严肃地警告病人手术后不要吃任何冷食。 固定搭配warn sb. not to do sth.表示“警告某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。应填not to eat。 2．My teacher encouraged me ________ harder. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师鼓励我更加努力工作。 work工作；to work去工作；working正在工作；worked工作过。根据固定搭配“encourage sb. to do sth.”可知，此处需要用动词不定式结构，应填to work。 3．Our parents expect us ________ with housework on weekends. A．help B．helped C．helping D．to help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的父母期望我们在周末去帮助做家务。 help帮助；helped帮助（过去式）；helping帮助（现在分词）；to help帮助（动词不定式）。根据固定搭配expect sb. to do sth.意为“期望某人做某事”，可知此处应用动词不定式。故选D。 4．Could you please remind me ______ my favourite book to school tomorrow? A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能提醒我明天把我最喜欢的书带到学校来吗？ 根据固定搭配remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人做某事）可知，此处应填动词不定式to take。 5．My boss allows me ________ leave early today. A．to B．do C．doing D．did 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的老板允许我今天早点走。 allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，此处需要不定式符号to。B动词原形、C动名词、D过去式均不符合固定用法。 6．His parents never force him ________ anything he doesn’t want to do. A．do B．doing C．to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的父母从不强迫他做任何他不想做的事情。 force sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“强迫某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选用to do。 7．The teacher asked us ________ late for the volunteer activity again. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师要求我们不要再在志愿活动中迟到了。   根据“asked us”可知，此处考查ask的固定搭配ask sb. (not) to do sth.，意为“要求某人（不要）做某事”。否定形式是在to前加not，即ask sb. not to do sth.，因此选not to be。 8．I advise you _________ a doctor as soon as possible. A．see B．saw C．seeing D．to see 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我建议你尽快去看医生。 根据固定搭配“advise sb. to do sth.”（建议某人做某事）可知，此处应用不定式to see作宾语补足语。 9．My parents told me ________ too much time playing video games. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．don’t spend D．not spend 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的父母告诉我不要花太多时间玩电子游戏。 固定搭配“tell sb. not to do sth.”意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to前加not，应填not to spend。 10．Growing up makes me ________ more independent and responsible. A．becoming B．to become C．become D．became 【答案】C 【详解】句意：成长使我变得更加独立和有责任感。 make sb. do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人做某事”，后接动词原形作宾语补足语。故填become。 11．—The teacher asked us ________ the classroom after school. —Oh, right! I almost forgot it. A．clean B．cleaning C．to clean D．cleaned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——老师要求我们放学后打扫教室。——哦，对了！我差点忘了。 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，空处应填动词不定式。 12．The shelter helps people ________ find their lost pets. A．for B．to C．with D．about 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家收容所帮助人们找到走失的宠物。 for为了，给；to不定式符号；with和……一起，用；about关于，大约。help sb. (to) do sth.为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，此处用不定式符号to，后接动词原形find。 13．The doctor won’t let me ________ out. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生不会让我出去。 固定搭配let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，let后接动词原形作宾语补足语。 14．My parents don’t allow me ________ late at night. A．stay up B．staying up C．to stay up D．stays up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父母不允许我熬夜到很晚。 固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，allow后接宾语me，后面需用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，to stay up符合语法和语境。 15．My dad told me ________ myself too hard, or I would feel tired. A．not push B．to not push C．not to push D．don’t push 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸告诉我不要逼自己太紧，否则我会感到疲劳。 tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not，即not to do。 16．My mother often asks me ________ more books in my free time. A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常要求我在空闲时间多读些书。 固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 17．Mr Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can ________ animals. A．protect B．protected C．to protect D．protecting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李先生是一位动物爱好者。他尽一切所能去保护动物。 分析句子，“尽一切所能”的目的是“保护动物”，需用动词不定式作目的状语。 18．Jim went to the hospital ________ an X-ray check after he fell off the bike. A．take B．takes C．to take D．took 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆从自行车上摔下来后，去医院做X光检查。 结合句意，去医院的目的是做X光检查，不定式可以用来作目的状语。应填to take。 19．Many volunteers go to the old people’s home ________ the elderly every weekend. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 【答案】B 【详解】句意：许多志愿者每个周末去养老院帮助老人。 根据“Many volunteers go to the old people’s home...”可知，句中已有谓语动词go，空格处需用非谓语动词表示目的，应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故选B。 20．________ communication easier and faster, engineers have designed a kind of smart watch. A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了使交流更容易和更快，工程师们设计了一种智能手表。 根据句意可知，工程师设计智能手表的目的是为了让交流变得更便捷，应用动词不定式置于句首表示目的。 21．—Why do you practise calligraphy every day? —________ my handwriting and relax myself. A．Improve B．Improving C．Improved D．To improve 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么每天练习书法？——为了提高我的书写水平并放松自己。 根据问句“Why”可知，询问目的，答句应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应填To improve。 22．—Why do you practice calligraphy every day? —________ myself and enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters. A．Relax B．Relaxing C．To relax 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么每天练习书法？——为了放松自己并享受汉字之美。 Relax放松，是动词原形；Relaxing放松，是现在分词或动名词；To relax为了放松，是动词不定式。问句由Why引导，询问原因，答语应用动词不定式来表示行为的目的。根据语境可知此处表示练习书法的目的。 23．Fu Xing will go to Beijing next week ________ a wonderful holiday. A．had B．has C．have D．to have 【答案】D 【详解】句意：傅星下周要去北京度过一个美好的假期。 分析句子可知，“去北京”的目的是“度过一个美好的假期”，作目的状语用动词不定式。 24．Although it is a difficult task, we should make every effort ________ it before the deadline. A．finish B．finishing C．to finish D．to finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，我们应该尽一切努力在截止日期前完成它。 固定短语make every effort to do sth.意为“尽一切努力做某事”，此处应用不定式作目的状语。应填to finish。 25．—Are you ready ________ shopping with me this afternoon? —Of course! A．go B．to go C．going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你准备好今天下午和我一起去购物了吗？——当然！ 固定短语be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”，后接动词不定式。 26．The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry by himself. A．so; that B．enough; to C．too; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个箱子太重了，这个小男孩不能独自搬动它。 so... that... 如此……以至于……，that 后接从句；enough... to... 足够……去做……，enough 修饰形容词时置于形容词之后；too... to... 太……而不能……，to后接动词原形。根据句中heavy为形容词，carry为动词原形，且第二空后不是从句，符合 too... to... 结构。 27．We should do our best ________ natural wonders from being destroyed. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该尽最大努力保护自然奇观免遭破坏。 考查非谓语动词。protect保护，动词原形；to protect保护，不定式；protecting保护，动名词。短语“do one’s best”后接不定式作目的状语，构成“do one’s best to do sth.”。故选B。 28．She went to the art club ________ her painting skills. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她去艺术俱乐部是为了提高她的绘画技能。 考查非谓语动词。根据“She went to the art club...her painting skills.”可知，她去艺术俱乐部的目的是“提高绘画技能”，需用动词不定式表示目的。故选B。 29．You can surf the Internet ______ more about Craig Kielburger. A．to know B．know C．knowing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以上网查询以了解更多关于Craig Kielburger的信息。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。此处“surf the Internet”的目的是“to know more about…”，因此用不定式结构表目的。故选A。 30．—What did you do last weekend? —I went to Shanghai ________ my aunt. A．visit B．to visit C．visited 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上周末你做了什么？——我去了上海看望我的姑姑。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I went to Shanghai ... my aunt.”可知，此处表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故选B。 二、单词拼写 31．Many young people use the Internet ________ (improve) their hobbies and skills. 【答案】to improve 【详解】句意：许多年轻人利用网络提升自己的爱好与技能。use sth. to do sth.“使用某物去做某事”，此处应该用动词不定式表示目的，故填to improve。 32．________ (save) money for their future travels, they cook meals at home instead of eating out. 【答案】To save 【详解】句意：为了节省钱用于日后旅行，他们在家做饭，而不外出就餐。save意为“节省”，是动词；本句中已有谓语动词cook，空格处与其之间无连词连接，所以用非谓语动词；在家做饭（cook meals at home）的目的是省钱（save money），用不定式to save作目的状语，句首首字母大写，故填To save。 33．I’m writing ________ (invite) you to the event. 【答案】to invite 【详解】句意：我写信是为了邀请你参加本次活动。不定式to do用来表示前面动作的目的，表示 “来、为了”，故填to invite。 34．We should try our best ________ (protect) homeless animals. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力保护无家可归的动物。“try one’s best to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，后接不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 35．The cat uses its tongue ________ (clean) itself every day. 【答案】to clean 【详解】句意：这只猫每天用它的舌头清洁自己。固定搭配“use sth. to do sth.”表示“用某物去做某事”，此处用不定式作目的状语，括号内给出动词clean，需变形为to clean。 36．Digital tools allow us ________ (learn) knowledge anytime and anywhere. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：数字工具让我们随时随地学习知识。allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”是固定搭配，此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语。 故填to learn。 37．The new technology enables us ________ (communicate) faster. 【答案】to communicate 【详解】句意：新技术使我们能够更快地交流。enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，故填to communicate。 38．Please remind him ________ (turn off) the lights before leaving. 【答案】to turn off 【详解】 句意：请提醒他离开前关灯。remind sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人做某事”，所以需要使用不定式，故填to turn off。 39．I asked my friend ________ (help) me with the maths problem. 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：我请我的朋友帮我解这道数学题。 本句考查固定搭配ask sb. to do sth.，意为“请求/让某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，因此括号内动词help要变为不定式形式to help。故填to help。 40．My dad never lets me ________ (play) games before finishing my homework. 【答案】play 【详解】句意：我爸爸从不让我在完成作业前玩游戏。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，此处需用play的动词原形。 三、短文填空 After work or school, people spend their free time on different hobbies to relax. Reading or listening to music can calm us down after a busy day. Physical hobbies 41 playing tennis or doing yoga help us keep fit. There are also 42 (create) hobbies such as painting to record beautiful landscapes or reduce stress. Luca Bruno, 43 Italian teenager, enjoys being creative by making mobile phone apps rather than creating art or writing stories. He thinks apps can help people. He 44 (begin) programming at ten after reading about famous 45 (businessman) who used to be programmers. His latest app lets people worldwide find study partners to learn Italian, so they can study the language and make friends together. He gains a great sense of 46 (achieve) when people use his app. Some people love collecting things instead. Maya Badal from 47 (Indian) collects postcards rather than coins or stamps. 48 some think postcards are old-fashioned, she learns about different places through their foreign 49 (build) and landscapes. Her first postcard of the Mogao Caves was sent by her father when she was five. Now she has over one hundred postcards from thirty-two countries and dreams of 50 (visit) these places one day. 【答案】 41．like 42．creative 43．an 44．began 45．businessmen 46．achievement 47．India 48．Though/Although 49．buildings 50．visiting 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们在业余时间的不同爱好，分别讲述了意大利少年Luca Bruno开发手机应用、Maya Badal收集明信片的故事，展现了爱好带给人们的放松与成就感。 【详解】41．句意：像打网球或做瑜伽这类运动爱好能帮助我们保持健康。该处需一个介词，在句中用于举例；用于列举同类事物表示比如，like“像”符合语境。 42．句意：还有一些创造性的爱好，比如画画来记录美丽的风景或缓解压力。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语修饰hobbies；修饰名词用create的形容词形式creative。 43．句意：Luca Bruno，一名意大利青少年，喜欢通过制作手机应用来发挥创造力。该处需一个不定冠词，在句中修饰单数名词teenager；Italian以元音音素开头，表示“一个”用不定冠词an。 44．句意：他十岁时在了解了一些曾经是程序员的著名商人后开始编程。该处需一个一般过去时的动词，在句中作谓语；at ten表示过去的时间，句子用一般过去时，begin的过去式是began。 45．句意：他十岁时在了解了一些曾经是程序员的著名商人后开始编程。该处需一个名词复数，在句中作宾语；famous前无冠词，表示不止一位商人，businessman的复数形式是businessmen。 46．句意：当人们使用他的应用时，他获得了强烈的成就感。该处需一个名词，在句中构成固定搭配；a sense of后接名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement。 47．句意：来自印度的Maya Badal收集明信片而不是硬币或邮票。该处需一个名词，在句中表示国家；from后接国家名称，Indian对应的国家是India。 48．句意：尽管有些人认为明信片过时了，但她通过国外的建筑和风景了解不同的地方。该处需一个连词，在句中引导让步状语从句；前后语义为转折关系，Though/Although表示“虽然、尽管”。 49．句意：尽管有些人认为明信片过时了，但她通过国外的建筑和风景了解不同的地方。该处需一个名词复数，在句中作宾语；and连接并列名词，与landscapes对应，build的名词形式building用复数buildings。 50．句意：现在她拥有来自三十二个国家的一百多张明信片，梦想有一天去这些地方游览。该处需一个动名词，在句中作介词of的宾语；介词后接动词的动名词形式，visit的动名词是visiting。 阅读下面短文并填空，（如有提示词，则填入提示词的适当形式；如无提示词，则填入一个适当的单词）。 I still remember when I was a little boy, I would always draw pictures on books and walls. It’s one of my favourite 51 (hobby), and art has always been my favourite subject. 52 now in middle school, there is only one art lesson each week, which is far from enough for me. How I wish the school could 53 (increase) the number of art lessons for students like me! I always get completely 54 (lose) in my artwork, and the 45 minutes for each lesson passes quickly. It is as if 55 (draw) takes me to another world. I enjoy drawing so much. I just keep on drawing my pictures. I 56 (especial) enjoy drawing cartoons. Letting my creativity run freely, I sometimes draw things that even surprise myself. I don’t even know how 57 (describe) some of them to you. When I am drawing something, I always feel free. I’m 58 (happy) than any other time. For me, drawing is 59 natural way to show myself and it 60 (allow) me to follow my heart. And the result is always a good one. 【答案】 51．hobbies 52．But 53．increase 54．lost 55．drawing 56．especially 57．to describe 58．happier 59．a 60．allows 【导语】本文讲述了作者对绘画的热爱：从小就喜欢画画，如今中学美术课太少让他遗憾，但绘画仍是他表达自我、追寻内心的方式。 【详解】51．句意：这是我最喜欢的爱好之一，而且美术一直是我最喜欢的学科。“one of + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，“hobby”的复数是“hobbies”。 52．句意：但现在上了中学，每周只有一节美术课，对我来说远远不够。此处表转折，填“But”。 53．句意：我多么希望学校能增加像我这样的学生的美术课数量！“could”后接动词原形，填“increase”。 54．句意：我总是完全沉浸在我的作品中，每节课45分钟过得飞快。“get lost”是固定搭配(沉浸于、迷路)，填“lost”。 55．句意：画画就像带我去了另一个世界。此处作主语，用动名词“drawing”。 56．句意：我尤其喜欢画卡通。此处修饰动词“enjoy”，用“especial”的副词形式“especially”。 57．句意：我甚至不知道如何向你描述其中一些作品。“how to do sth.”是固定结构(如何做某事)，填“to describe”。 58．句意：我比其他任何时候都开心。“than”提示用形容词比较级，“happy”的比较级是“happier”。 59．句意：对我来说，画画是一种自然的自我表达方式。此处表泛指，“natural”以辅音音素开头，填“a”。 60．句意：它让我能追随自己的内心。主语“it”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用“allows”。 四、完形填空 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I started to play the piano when I was six. That taught me a lot about 61 . One day, I tried playing my brother’s old guitar. Although playing the guitar was much 62 for me, I really loved it. After that, my parents bought me a new guitar. It was a cheap one, 63 I didn’t care. I taught myself and took it 64 . I spent lots of time listening to my favorite guitar player playing something and then I practiced it. After a lot of hard work, I could play a few 65 songs with my guitar. My parents were proud of (为……而骄傲) me and always 66 me to play for them in our family parties. My class teacher told me that I shouldn’t only 67 how to play and that I should also try to feel the music. He said it was like riding a bike—once you have learned how to 68 the bike, you can start to enjoy riding. I took my teacher’s 69 . Now I play much better. Three months ago, I started a 70 with my two friends at school. We will have our first band performance at school next week. Wish us good luck! 61．A．poem B．Italian C．music D．calligraphy 62．A．harder B．easier C．more important D．more interesting 63．A．and B．but C．or D．so 64．A．surely B．healthily C．secretly D．seriously 65．A．strict B．reasonable C．simple D．positive 66．A．asked B．expressed C．reduced D．separated 67．A．think about B．dream of C．get into D．warm up 68．A．return B．control C．trust D．reply 69．A．failure B．program C．postcard D．suggestion 70．A．deal B．stage C．band D．chat 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．B 64．D 65．C 66．A 67．A 68．B 69．D 70．C 【导语】本文讲述作者从钢琴转学吉他，自学苦练，听从老师建议感受音乐，最终与朋友组建乐队并将演出的成长经历。 【详解】61．句意：那教会了我很多关于音乐的知识。 根据“play the piano”，弹钢琴属于music“音乐”范畴；poem诗歌，Italian意大利语，calligraphy 书法，均不符合语境。 62．句意：虽然弹吉他对我来说难得多，但我真的很喜欢。 Although表转折，说明弹吉他难度高但依旧热爱，harder“更难”符合语境。easier更简单，more important更重要，more interesting更有趣，不符合语境。 63．句意：它很便宜，但我不在乎。 根据“cheap”与“didn’t care”，可知前后存在转折关系，用but“但是”。and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；so所以，表因果，均不符合。 64．句意：我自学并且认真对待它。 根据“spent lots of time”，可知作者投入大量时间，说明态度认真，固定搭配“take sth. seriously”表示“认真对待某事”。 65．句意：经过大量努力练习，我能用吉他弹奏几首简单的曲子。 根据“taught myself”及初学者身份，可知刚开始只能弹简单的歌，应用simple“简单的”。strict严格的，reasonable合理的，positive积极的，不符合语境。 66．句意：父母为我感到自豪，总是让我在家庭聚会上为他们演奏。 ask sb. to do sth.为固定搭配表示“请求某人做某事”，应用asked。expressed表达，reduced减少，separated分开，均无此搭配。 67．句意：我的老师告诉我不应该只思考如何演奏，还应该感受音乐。 根据后文提到“feel the music”，说明老师建议作者不要只专注于技巧层面的“思考如何弹奏”，还要理解音乐情感，“think about how to play”表示“思考怎么弹”，与后文“感受音乐”形成对比。应用think about。dream of梦想，get into陷入，warm up热身，均不符合。 68．句意：他告诉我这个就像骑自行车一样——一旦你学会如何控制自行车，就能享受骑行。 这里用骑自行车打比方：学会控制自行车之后，你才能享受骑行，control“控制”符合逻辑。 69．句意：我采纳了老师的建议。 固定搭配take one’s suggestion意思是“采纳某人的建议”，我采纳了老师的建议，现在弹得更好了。 70．句意：三个月前，我和学校里的两个朋友组建了一支乐队。 后文提到“band performance乐队演出”，对应band乐队。 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold winter night. I was reading in my bedroom when a terrible 71 swept through our village. The wind was blowing so hard. Soon, snow covered everything and the power went out. My father said, “Stay 72 ! We still have candles.” Suddenly, I 73 Mr. Smith, our neighbour. He lived alone. “Shall we go to see Mr. Smith? I think he needs help,” I said to Dad, and he nodded. We put on warm clothes and walked into the storm. Each step in the snow was difficult, 74 we kept going. When we finally reached his door, Mr Smith opened it slowly. His face was white with 75 . “The roof…just broke,” he said through shaking teeth. Since it was 76 to stay, Dad told him to come with us. When we went back home, Mum prepared hot soup and blankets (毯子) for us. 77 , the storm stopped after four days. Neighbours all went out with tools to 78 the snow and checked on each other. Mr Smith smiled for the first time in days. “Thank you 79 not leaving me alone,” he said. This experience taught 80 : even in the coldest weather, kindness brings the warmest light. 71．A．flood B．earthquake C．typhoon D．snowstorm 72．A．calm B．strong C．determined D．energetic 73．A．searched for B．felt like C．thought of D．worked on 74．A．and B．but C．so D．or 75．A．joy B．fear C．respect D．peace 76．A．safe B．healthy C．unsafe D．unhealthy 77．A．Sadly B．Thankfully C．Unfortunately D．Possibly 78．A．decorate B．build C．mark D．clear 79．A．for B．of C．in D．with 80．A．she B．her C．I D．me 【答案】 71．D 72．A 73．C 74．B 75．B 76．C 77．B 78．D 79．A 80．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个寒冷冬夜，暴风雪袭击村庄导致停电，作者一家冒雪帮助独居邻居Mr. Smith，最终邻里互助共度难关的温暖故事。 【详解】71．句意：一场可怕的暴风雪席卷了我们的村庄。 下文“snow covered everything”和“the wind was blowing so hard”表明，这是一场暴风雪，snowstorm“暴风雪”符合语境，flood“洪水”、earthquake“地震”和typhoon“台风”不符。 72．句意：爸爸说：“保持冷静！我们还有蜡烛。” 下文“We still have candles”表明，爸爸在安抚情绪，让大家冷静，calm“冷静的”符合语境，strong“强壮的”、determined“坚定的”和energetic“精力充沛的”不符。 73．句意：突然，我想到了我们的邻居Mr. Smith。 下文“Shall we go to see Mr. Smith?”表明，作者是突然想到了独居的邻居，thought of“想到”符合语境，searched for“搜寻”、felt like“感觉像”和worked on“从事”不符。 74．句意：雪中每一步都很艰难，但我们继续前进。 前文“difficult”与后文“kept going”构成转折关系，but“但是”符合语境，and“和”表并列、so“所以”表因果、or“或者”表选择，均不符。 75．句意：他的脸因恐惧而发白。 上文“The roof…just broke”和“through shaking teeth”表明，Mr. Smith处于极度恐惧中，fear“恐惧”符合语境，joy“喜悦”、respect“尊敬”和peace“平静”不符。 76．句意：由于待在那里不安全，爸爸让他跟我们走。 上文“The roof just broke”表明，房子已损坏，待在那里不安全，unsafe“不安全的”符合语境，safe“安全的”、healthy“健康的”和unhealthy“不健康的”不符。 77．句意：幸好，暴风雪在四天后停了。 下文邻居们出门互助，说明风暴停了是好事，Thankfully“幸好”符合语境，Sadly“悲伤地”、Unfortunately“不幸地”和Possibly“可能地”不符。 78．句意：邻居们都带着工具出去清除积雪，并互相查看情况。 暴风雪后需清理积雪，clear“清除”符合语境，decorate“装饰”、build“建造”和mark“标记”不符。 79．句意：谢谢你没有丢下我一个人。 Thank you for doing sth.“因做某事而感谢”，固定搭配。此处表示感谢对方没有离开，for“因为”符合语境，of、in、with均不构成此搭配。 80．句意：这次经历教会了我：即使在最冷的天气里，善良也能带来最温暖的光。 taught是动词，后接宾语，应用宾格me“我”，me符合语境，she“她”（主格）、her“她”（宾格但指代不符）、I“我”（主格）不符。 五、阅读理解 Recently, a 14-year-old middle school student named Xiezhao Yutong from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, has caught many people’s attention online. He turned his small bedroom into a “private (私人的) museum” named “Yutang Museum”. Although Xiezhao Yutong’s bedroom is only around ten square metres, it is filled with his collections, including ancient books, copper coins and pottery (陶瓷). The only space left is his bed. He said, “My bed is for resting my body, while everything else in this room is for my spirit.” He spent almost all his lucky money and saved pocket money on these items. At first, he collected them just because the cultural relics (文物) looked nice. But as his historical knowledge grew, he began to explore the special stories behind each piece. Whenever he talks about the stories behind these relics, he can talk a lot and people are always surprised by how much he knows. ▲ He got into reading when he was 3 or 4 years old. At the age of 6, a trip to a museum with his mother made him fall in love with cultural relics and history. On holidays, his parents often took him to visit museums. He also likes watching documentaries (纪录片) and he reads books like A Comprehensive History of China and Stories of the Ming Dynasty from a young age. To him, reading ancient books lets him understand what people thought a thousand years ago and touching old bricks lets him imagine how those people lived. He believes this kind of joy is much greater than the fun of online games. Many people admire this young collector. They think he is much wiser than other kids of his age, and they believe he will have a great future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 81．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．How students build their own museums. B．What Xiezhao Yutong collects and why he loves them. C．When and how Xiezhao Yutong decorates his small bedroom. D．Why Xiezhao Yutong’s parents support his collecting hobby. 82．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．He is also a young music lover. B．He spends most of his time on games. C．His hobby started from an early age. D．His parents are against his hobby. 83．When did Xiezhao Yutong fall in love with cultural relics? A．When he read ancient books alone. B．As soon as he started middle school. C．When he watched documentaries at school. D．After a museum trip with his mother at six. 84．What does Xiezhao Yutong’s bedroom mainly show? A．His love for history. B．His talent for painting. C．His skill in decorating. D．His habit of saving money. 85．What is the best title for the text? A．Good Habits of Middle School Students B．How to Build Your Own Private Museum C．A 14-year-old Boy’s Private Museum D．The Importance of Reading History 【答案】81．B 82．C 83．D 84．A 85．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自河南郑州的14岁中学生谢昭宇彤将自己仅约十平方米的卧室改造成名为“玉堂博物馆”的私人博物馆的故事。他从小就对历史和文物产生浓厚兴趣，收藏了古书、铜钱、陶瓷等物品，并通过阅读和参观博物馆不断深入了解每件藏品背后的故事，展现了远超同龄人的历史知识与热爱。 【详解】81．第二段指出他的卧室虽小但摆满了收藏品，包括古书、铜钱和陶瓷，并且说明了他最初因文物好看而收藏，后来随着历史知识增长开始探索每件藏品背后的故事。因此本段主要讲的是“谢昭宇彤收藏了什么以及他为什么热爱这些藏品”。 82．▲处位于第二段与第三段之间，第三段开头讲“He got into reading when he was 3 or 4 years old”以及6岁时与母亲参观博物馆的经历，说明他的爱好从小就开始了。C选项“His hobby started from an early age”正好起到承上启下的过渡作用。 83．第三段明确写道：“At the age of 6, a trip to a museum with his mother made him fall in love with cultural relics and history.”因此他是在6岁时与母亲参观博物馆后爱上文物的。 84．全文围绕谢昭宇彤对历史的热爱展开：他把卧室变成博物馆，收藏古书、铜钱、陶瓷，从小阅读历史书籍，认为“reading ancient books lets him understand what people thought a thousand years ago”。卧室主要展示的是他对历史的热爱。 85．全文核心是一个14岁男孩将卧室改造成私人博物馆的故事，C选项“A 14-year-old Boy’s Private Museum”最能概括全文主旨。 Hobbies not only make us happy, but also keep our brains healthy. Many scientists believe hobbies can help people stay active mentally as they grow older. A Canadian study even found that long-term hobbies may improve brain structure and memory. The research studied 58 people who love bird-watching. Half were experts who had spent many years watching birds, while the other half were beginners. Both groups included people from their 20s to their 70s and had similar educational backgrounds. Scientists wanted to see whether hobbies could make a difference to the brain. During brain scans, volunteers saw a bird photo for less than four seconds. Then, they had to choose the correct bird from four different pictures. The test was repeated 72 times using 18 kinds of birds. Some birds were local, while others came from different countries and were less familiar. The expert group correctly identified 83 percent of local birds and 61 percent of non-local birds. Beginners only got 44 percent right for both. The scans also showed important differences in brain structure. Scientists found that the areas responsible for attention and working memory were more compact in the experts. In other words, these brain areas were more closely connected and could work more efficiently, even in older people. These areas also “lit up” when experts tried to identify non-local birds, but this did not happen in beginners’ brains. Creative hobbies, such as music and dancing, are also good for the brain. A 2025 study found that dancers’ brains appeared over seven years younger than their actual age. AI research also showed that even 30 hours of creative learning could help improve brain health. Scientists believe creativity shapes not only culture but also biology. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 86．How many people did the Canadian research study? A．18. B．58. C．72. D．83. 87．The underlined word “compact” in Paragraph 4 means ________. A．笨拙的 B．松散的 C．紧密的 D．聪明的 88．What happened to the experts’ brain areas during the test? A．They lit up for non-local birds. B．They became smaller and smaller. C．They worked more slowly than before. D．They stayed the same as beginners’. 89．What can we learn from the 2025 study? A．Everyone should learn to dance B．Hobbies can make people brave. C．Dancers’ brains look younger. D．Short-term learning is useless. 90．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Hobbies are good for our brain health. B．Bird-watching is the best hobby. C．We must take brain scans every year. D．Creativity only shapes our culture. 【答案】86．B 87．C 88．A 89．C 90．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了爱好不仅让人快乐，还能保持大脑健康。通过加拿大一项关于观鸟的研究和2025年关于舞蹈的研究，说明长期爱好能改善大脑结构和记忆力，创造性爱好还能让大脑看起来更年轻。 【详解】86．第二段明确指出：“The research studied 58 people who love bird-watching.“，因此该研究共调查了58人。 87．第四段提到：“the areas responsible for attention and working memory were more compact in the experts. In other words, these brain areas were more closely connected and could work more efficiently”，由后文“more closely connected”可知compact意为“紧密的”。 88．第四段指出：“These areas also ‘lit up’ when experts tried to identify non-local birds， but this did not happen in beginners’ brains.”，说明专家在辨认非本地鸟类时大脑相关区域被激活。 89．第五段提到：“A 2025 study found that dancers’ brains appeared over seven years younger than their actual age.“，即舞者的大脑看起来比实际年龄年轻七岁以上。 90．全文围绕爱好对大脑健康的益处展开，第一段即点明主旨：“Hobbies not only make us happy， but also keep our brains healthy.“，后文用观鸟和舞蹈两个研究加以佐证。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第02讲 Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心语法精练（动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语） 内容导航 01 预习航标→ 析目标·明方向：预习导航精准定向 02 教材全解 → 析教材·学新知：情境概念深度构 考点精讲：聚焦常考要点，讲清逻辑 例题精析：典型题目带路，学会解题思路 即练固基：趁热打铁练一练，巩固刚学内容 03过关检测 → 练考点·强落实：过关检测分层提 关键词 学习目标导航 学习目标 语法1动词不定式作状语 语法2 动词不定式作宾语补足语 学习重点 运用本单元语法完成相应单元学习任务 一、动词不定式的构成 　　动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，基本形式是“to+动词原形”。其中to是动词不定式符号，在有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 » Mr Li told me to listen carefully in class.　李老师要求我上课认真听讲。 »Please tell Jim not to come late next time.　请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。 二、动词不定式的功能 动词不定式作状语 当动词不定式作状语时，它用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，主要表示目的、原因或结果。 1. 表示目的（最常见） 为了做某事，相当于 in order to。 I study hard to get good grades. （我努力学习是为了取得好成绩。） To catch the early bus, she got up at 6 am. （为了赶上早班车，她早上6点就起床了。） 2. 表示原因 通常跟在表示情感的形容词（如 glad, sad, happy, sorry, surprised 等）后面，说明产生这种情绪的原因。 I‘m very glad to see you. （我很高兴见到你。） He was surprised to hear the news. （听到这个消息，他很惊讶。） 3. 表示结果 通常可以翻译为“结果……”，有时是意想不到的结果。 He woke up to find everyone had gone. （他醒来结果发现大家都走了。） He is too young to look after himself. （他年龄太小，不能照顾自己。） 动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾语补足语是紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语的身份、状态或动作进行补充说明的成分，使宾语的意义更加完整。此时可以是带to的不定式，也可以是不带to的不定式，这主要取决于谓语动词。 1. “使役/让”类动词： let, make, have 结构： let/make/have + sb. + do sth. (不带 to 的不定式) My mother makes me clean my room every week. （我妈妈让我每周打扫房间。） Let him go. （让他走吧。） 2. “邀请/要求/告诉”类动词： ask, tell, want, order, invite, teach, wish, would like 结构： ask/tell/want + sb. + to do sth. The teacher asked us to read the text. （老师让我们读课文。） I want you to be happy. （我想让你快乐。） 3. “感官”类动词： see, watch, hear, feel 结构1（看/听到全过程）： see/watch/hear + sb. + do sth. (不带 to) I saw him enter the building. （我看见他进了大楼。） 结构2（看/听到动作片段或正在进行）： see/watch/hear + sb. + doing sth. (现在分词) I heard her singing in the next room. （我听见她正在隔壁唱歌。） 一、单项选择 1．The doctor seriously warns the patient ________ any cold food after the surgery (手术). A．to not eat B．not to eat C．not eating 2．My teacher encouraged me ________ harder. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 3．Our parents expect us ________ with housework on weekends. A．help B．helped C．helping D．to help 4．Could you please remind me ______ my favourite book to school tomorrow? A．take B．to take C．taking D．takes 5．My boss allows me ________ leave early today. A．to B．do C．doing D．did 6．His parents never force him ________ anything he doesn’t want to do. A．do B．doing C．to do 7．The teacher asked us ________ late for the volunteer activity again. A．don’t be B．not be C．not to be D．to not be 8．I advise you _________ a doctor as soon as possible. A．see B．saw C．seeing D．to see 9．My parents told me ________ too much time playing video games. A．not to spend B．to not spend C．don’t spend D．not spend 10．Growing up makes me ________ more independent and responsible. A．becoming B．to become C．become D．became 11．—The teacher asked us ________ the classroom after school. —Oh, right! I almost forgot it. A．clean B．cleaning C．to clean D．cleaned 12．The shelter helps people ________ find their lost pets. A．for B．to C．with D．about 13．The doctor won’t let me ________ out. A．go B．to go C．going D．went 14．My parents don’t allow me ________ late at night. A．stay up B．staying up C．to stay up D．stays up 15．My dad told me ________ myself too hard, or I would feel tired. A．not push B．to not push C．not to push D．don’t push 16．My mother often asks me ________ more books in my free time. A．read B．reading C．to read D．reads 17．Mr Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can ________ animals. A．protect B．protected C．to protect D．protecting 18．Jim went to the hospital ________ an X-ray check after he fell off the bike. A．take B．takes C．to take D．took 19．Many volunteers go to the old people’s home ________ the elderly every weekend. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 20．________ communication easier and faster, engineers have designed a kind of smart watch. A．Make B．To make C．Making D．Made 21．—Why do you practise calligraphy every day? —________ my handwriting and relax myself. A．Improve B．Improving C．Improved D．To improve 22．—Why do you practice calligraphy every day? —________ myself and enjoy the beauty of Chinese characters. A．Relax B．Relaxing C．To relax 23．Fu Xing will go to Beijing next week ________ a wonderful holiday. A．had B．has C．have D．to have 24．Although it is a difficult task, we should make every effort ________ it before the deadline. A．finish B．finishing C．to finish D．to finishing 25．—Are you ready ________ shopping with me this afternoon? —Of course! A．go B．to go C．going 26．The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry by himself. A．so; that B．enough; to C．too; to 27．We should do our best ________ natural wonders from being destroyed. A．protect B．to protect C．protecting 28．She went to the art club ________ her painting skills. A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．improved 29．You can surf the Internet ______ more about Craig Kielburger. A．to know B．know C．knowing 30．—What did you do last weekend? —I went to Shanghai ________ my aunt. A．visit B．to visit C．visited 二、单词拼写 31．Many young people use the Internet ________ (improve) their hobbies and skills. 32．________ (save) money for their future travels, they cook meals at home instead of eating out. 33．I’m writing ________ (invite) you to the event. 34．We should try our best ________ (protect) homeless animals. 35．The cat uses its tongue ________ (clean) itself every day. 36．Digital tools allow us ________ (learn) knowledge anytime and anywhere. 37．The new technology enables us ________ (communicate) faster. 38．Please remind him ________ (turn off) the lights before leaving. 39．I asked my friend ________ (help) me with the maths problem. 40．My dad never lets me ________ (play) games before finishing my homework. 三、短文填空 After work or school, people spend their free time on different hobbies to relax. Reading or listening to music can calm us down after a busy day. Physical hobbies 41 playing tennis or doing yoga help us keep fit. There are also 42 (create) hobbies such as painting to record beautiful landscapes or reduce stress. Luca Bruno, 43 Italian teenager, enjoys being creative by making mobile phone apps rather than creating art or writing stories. He thinks apps can help people. He 44 (begin) programming at ten after reading about famous 45 (businessman) who used to be programmers. His latest app lets people worldwide find study partners to learn Italian, so they can study the language and make friends together. He gains a great sense of 46 (achieve) when people use his app. Some people love collecting things instead. Maya Badal from 47 (Indian) collects postcards rather than coins or stamps. 48 some think postcards are old-fashioned, she learns about different places through their foreign 49 (build) and landscapes. Her first postcard of the Mogao Caves was sent by her father when she was five. Now she has over one hundred postcards from thirty-two countries and dreams of 50 (visit) these places one day. 阅读下面短文并填空，（如有提示词，则填入提示词的适当形式；如无提示词，则填入一个适当的单词）。 I still remember when I was a little boy, I would always draw pictures on books and walls. It’s one of my favourite 51 (hobby), and art has always been my favourite subject. 52 now in middle school, there is only one art lesson each week, which is far from enough for me. How I wish the school could 53 (increase) the number of art lessons for students like me! I always get completely 54 (lose) in my artwork, and the 45 minutes for each lesson passes quickly. It is as if 55 (draw) takes me to another world. I enjoy drawing so much. I just keep on drawing my pictures. I 56 (especial) enjoy drawing cartoons. Letting my creativity run freely, I sometimes draw things that even surprise myself. I don’t even know how 57 (describe) some of them to you. When I am drawing something, I always feel free. I’m 58 (happy) than any other time. For me, drawing is 59 natural way to show myself and it 60 (allow) me to follow my heart. And the result is always a good one. 四、完形填空 阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I started to play the piano when I was six. That taught me a lot about 61 . One day, I tried playing my brother’s old guitar. Although playing the guitar was much 62 for me, I really loved it. After that, my parents bought me a new guitar. It was a cheap one, 63 I didn’t care. I taught myself and took it 64 . I spent lots of time listening to my favorite guitar player playing something and then I practiced it. After a lot of hard work, I could play a few 65 songs with my guitar. My parents were proud of (为……而骄傲) me and always 66 me to play for them in our family parties. My class teacher told me that I shouldn’t only 67 how to play and that I should also try to feel the music. He said it was like riding a bike—once you have learned how to 68 the bike, you can start to enjoy riding. I took my teacher’s 69 . Now I play much better. Three months ago, I started a 70 with my two friends at school. We will have our first band performance at school next week. Wish us good luck! 61．A．poem B．Italian C．music D．calligraphy 62．A．harder B．easier C．more important D．more interesting 63．A．and B．but C．or D．so 64．A．surely B．healthily C．secretly D．seriously 65．A．strict B．reasonable C．simple D．positive 66．A．asked B．expressed C．reduced D．separated 67．A．think about B．dream of C．get into D．warm up 68．A．return B．control C．trust D．reply 69．A．failure B．program C．postcard D．suggestion 70．A．deal B．stage C．band D．chat 从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a cold winter night. I was reading in my bedroom when a terrible 71 swept through our village. The wind was blowing so hard. Soon, snow covered everything and the power went out. My father said, “Stay 72 ! We still have candles.” Suddenly, I 73 Mr. Smith, our neighbour. He lived alone. “Shall we go to see Mr. Smith? I think he needs help,” I said to Dad, and he nodded. We put on warm clothes and walked into the storm. Each step in the snow was difficult, 74 we kept going. When we finally reached his door, Mr Smith opened it slowly. His face was white with 75 . “The roof…just broke,” he said through shaking teeth. Since it was 76 to stay, Dad told him to come with us. When we went back home, Mum prepared hot soup and blankets (毯子) for us. 77 , the storm stopped after four days. Neighbours all went out with tools to 78 the snow and checked on each other. Mr Smith smiled for the first time in days. “Thank you 79 not leaving me alone,” he said. This experience taught 80 : even in the coldest weather, kindness brings the warmest light. 71．A．flood B．earthquake C．typhoon D．snowstorm 72．A．calm B．strong C．determined D．energetic 73．A．searched for B．felt like C．thought of D．worked on 74．A．and B．but C．so D．or 75．A．joy B．fear C．respect D．peace 76．A．safe B．healthy C．unsafe D．unhealthy 77．A．Sadly B．Thankfully C．Unfortunately D．Possibly 78．A．decorate B．build C．mark D．clear 79．A．for B．of C．in D．with 80．A．she B．her C．I D．me 五、阅读理解 Recently, a 14-year-old middle school student named Xiezhao Yutong from Zhengzhou, Henan Province, has caught many people’s attention online. He turned his small bedroom into a “private (私人的) museum” named “Yutang Museum”. Although Xiezhao Yutong’s bedroom is only around ten square metres, it is filled with his collections, including ancient books, copper coins and pottery (陶瓷). The only space left is his bed. He said, “My bed is for resting my body, while everything else in this room is for my spirit.” He spent almost all his lucky money and saved pocket money on these items. At first, he collected them just because the cultural relics (文物) looked nice. But as his historical knowledge grew, he began to explore the special stories behind each piece. Whenever he talks about the stories behind these relics, he can talk a lot and people are always surprised by how much he knows. ▲ He got into reading when he was 3 or 4 years old. At the age of 6, a trip to a museum with his mother made him fall in love with cultural relics and history. On holidays, his parents often took him to visit museums. He also likes watching documentaries (纪录片) and he reads books like A Comprehensive History of China and Stories of the Ming Dynasty from a young age. To him, reading ancient books lets him understand what people thought a thousand years ago and touching old bricks lets him imagine how those people lived. He believes this kind of joy is much greater than the fun of online games. Many people admire this young collector. They think he is much wiser than other kids of his age, and they believe he will have a great future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 81．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．How students build their own museums. B．What Xiezhao Yutong collects and why he loves them. C．When and how Xiezhao Yutong decorates his small bedroom. D．Why Xiezhao Yutong’s parents support his collecting hobby. 82．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．He is also a young music lover. B．He spends most of his time on games. C．His hobby started from an early age. D．His parents are against his hobby. 83．When did Xiezhao Yutong fall in love with cultural relics? A．When he read ancient books alone. B．As soon as he started middle school. C．When he watched documentaries at school. D．After a museum trip with his mother at six. 84．What does Xiezhao Yutong’s bedroom mainly show? A．His love for history. B．His talent for painting. C．His skill in decorating. D．His habit of saving money. 85．What is the best title for the text? A．Good Habits of Middle School Students B．How to Build Your Own Private Museum C．A 14-year-old Boy’s Private Museum D．The Importance of Reading History Hobbies not only make us happy, but also keep our brains healthy. Many scientists believe hobbies can help people stay active mentally as they grow older. A Canadian study even found that long-term hobbies may improve brain structure and memory. The research studied 58 people who love bird-watching. Half were experts who had spent many years watching birds, while the other half were beginners. Both groups included people from their 20s to their 70s and had similar educational backgrounds. Scientists wanted to see whether hobbies could make a difference to the brain. During brain scans, volunteers saw a bird photo for less than four seconds. Then, they had to choose the correct bird from four different pictures. The test was repeated 72 times using 18 kinds of birds. Some birds were local, while others came from different countries and were less familiar. The expert group correctly identified 83 percent of local birds and 61 percent of non-local birds. Beginners only got 44 percent right for both. The scans also showed important differences in brain structure. Scientists found that the areas responsible for attention and working memory were more compact in the experts. In other words, these brain areas were more closely connected and could work more efficiently, even in older people. These areas also “lit up” when experts tried to identify non-local birds, but this did not happen in beginners’ brains. Creative hobbies, such as music and dancing, are also good for the brain. A 2025 study found that dancers’ brains appeared over seven years younger than their actual age. AI research also showed that even 30 hours of creative learning could help improve brain health. Scientists believe creativity shapes not only culture but also biology. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 86．How many people did the Canadian research study? A．18. B．58. C．72. D．83. 87．The underlined word “compact” in Paragraph 4 means ________. A．笨拙的 B．松散的 C．紧密的 D．聪明的 88．What happened to the experts’ brain areas during the test? A．They lit up for non-local birds. B．They became smaller and smaller. C．They worked more slowly than before. D．They stayed the same as beginners’. 89．What can we learn from the 2025 study? A．Everyone should learn to dance B．Hobbies can make people brave. C．Dancers’ brains look younger. D．Short-term learning is useless. 90．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Hobbies are good for our brain health. B．Bird-watching is the best hobby. C．We must take brain scans every year. D．Creativity only shapes our culture. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $