2025-2026学年外研版高一下学期期末考试基础语法复习专项练习

外研版高一下期末语法复习 必修二U5 ：动词-ing形式（现在分词）作定语 1.单个的现在分词作定语时,相当于 通常放在所修饰的名词 ,分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是_______________。 2.现在分词短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词 ，相当于一个 从句。所修饰的名词是现在分词的逻辑主语, 3.现在分词的被动：_________________ 练习： 1. He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the child.（sleep） 2. Can you see the star (which is moving in the sky)?（move） 3. We can see the flowers in the wind.（nod） 4. The hospital now (build) is expected to be completed in five years.  5. The researchers are conducting a study (describe) the technology.  必修二U6 ：动词-ing/动词-ed作宾语补足语 1. 英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。这类动词有：make, consider, see, find, get, have, let... 2. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示__________________________. 3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示_________________________. 4. to do 作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示_________________________. 练习： 1.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_______________(smoke) in the kitchen.  2.She wants her paintings__________________(display) in the gallery. 3.If she catches you_____________(read) her diary,she’ll be angry.  4.It’s amazing how often you see people______________(use) mobile phones while driving.  5. With the work______________ (finish),they went to the seaside for a holiday. 6. With so many people______________ (look) at her,she felt very nervous. 必修三U1 ：过去分词（v-ed）作状语 1. 过去分词是 的一种形式，从意义上讲，它具有 和 两大特点.其逻辑主语通常是 . 2.过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示 ，相当于一个 。 3.过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，常位于 (如when、while、if、though、as if、unless...)之后，构成“ ”结构，使句意表达更清楚。 练习： 1．When__________(ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 2．There are some health problems that, when not________(treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on. 3．Heavy rain struck the city in June,___________(cause) traffic problems and flooding in several areas. 4．__________(know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are a unique art form in Chinese folk culture. 5．__________(face) with a choice between arts and science, the girl didn't know which to choose because she had a deep interest and talent in both areas. 必修三U2 ：过去分词（v-ed）作定语 1.单个的过去分词作定语时,相当于 通常放在所修饰的名词 ,分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是_______________。 2. 过去分词短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词 ，相当于一个 从句。所修饰的名词是过去分词的逻辑主语。 练习： 1. The__________(pollute) water resulted in the spread of the disease. 2. The book _____________ (publish) ten years ago is still a best-seller today. 3. All the books ___________(borrow) from the library must be returned next Saturday. 4. Most of the people ____________(invite) to the conference were my old friends. 5. The man __________ (plant) trees in front of the building is our teacher. 必修三U3 ：现在完成时的被动语态 （have/has been done） 1.现在完成时：____________________ ，表示动作发生在过去，但重点强调这个动作对现在造成的影响和结果。(动作过去，落脚现在) 2. 现在完成时（或现在完成时的被动语态）的标志词： 副词：already, ever, recently，yet（否定句） 时间状语：so far, by now, up till now, since+时间点(过去)， for+时间段， in the past/last few years... 句型：This is the first time that......(从句用现在完成时) 练习： 1.A lot of survivors ______________________(rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday. 2. For her excellent work, so far she ___________________(choose) as the “model teacher” several times. 3. You shouldn't leave school before your homework ______________________(finish). 4. Their new house ________________________(decorate) for two months and they will settle in it soon. 5. Our classroom ____________________(clean), so you needn't clean it again now. 必修三U4 ：现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are being done) 1. 现在进行时：____________________ ，表示说话时正在进行或正在发生的动作。或者现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 现在进行时的被动语态：____________________，表示说话时正在进行的 动作。或者现阶段正在进行的被动动作。 3.标志词：now、at the moment（现在、此刻）等时间状语。 练习： 1. Huge quantities of good soil __________________ (wash) away because floods happen frequently in that area. 2. A new kind of drug ___________________ (develop) by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months. 3. The best cake __________________ (make) by my mom now. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. 4. Football ______________(love) by more and more people. 5. The problem_____________________ (discuss) at the meeting. 必修三U5 ：过去将来时 1．过去将来时表示 ，常用于 中，通常由“ ”构成。 表达方法 用法 was/were going to do 表示过去 做某事或客观 要发生某事 was/were to do 表示过去 将要做某事 was/were about to do 表示 某事 was/were＋doing　 仅限于 等 动词来表示过去将来时 练习： 1.He said he 　 　　　 (go) to the north for the holiday. 2.Her father 　 　　　 (feel) happy when she brought him a gift full of love.  3.He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing　　　 　 (grow) there.  4.We were informed that the leaders 　 　　 (come) to our school soon.  5.They never knew that the population 　　 　　 (become) a big problem.  第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 外研版高一下期末语法复习 必修二U5 ：动词-ing形式（现在分词）作定语 1.单个的现在分词作定语时,相当于 通常放在所修饰的名词 ,分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是_______________。 2.现在分词短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词 ，相当于一个 从句。所修饰的名词是现在分词的逻辑主语, 3.现在分词的被动：_________________ 答案： 单个的现在分词作定语时，相当于形容词，通常放在所修饰的名词前面，分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系。 现在分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后面，相当于一个定语从句。所修饰的名词是现在分词的逻辑主语。 现在分词的被动：being done 练习： 1. He spoke in a low voice in order not to wake the child.（sleep） 2. Can you see the star (which is moving in the sky)?（move） 3. We can see the flowers in the wind.（nod） 4. The hospital now (build) is expected to be completed in five years.  5. The researchers are conducting a study (describe) the technology.  练习题答案： 1.sleeping解析：单个现在分词前置作定语，sleeping child 熟睡的孩子，child 和 sleep 主动。 2.moving解析：分词短语后置 = which is moving，star 与 move 主动。 3.nodding解析：flowers 和 nod 是主动，现在分词后置作定语。 4.being built解析：hospital 和 build 被动，动作正在进行，用现在分词被动 being built（正在被建的医院）。 5.describing解析：study 和 describe 主动，现在分词短语后置修饰 study。 必修二U6 ：动词-ing/动词-ed作宾语补足语 1. 英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等。这类动词有：make, consider, see, find, get, have, let... 2. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示__________________________. 3. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示_________________________. 4. to do 作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面,表示_________________________. 答案： 2　 动词 - ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示宾语正在进行主动的动作。 3　 动词 - ed 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示宾语被动、完成。 4　 to do 作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示动作全过程 / 将要发生的动作。 练习： 1.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_______________(smoke) in the kitchen.  2.She wants her paintings__________________(display) in the gallery. 3.If she catches you_____________(read) her diary,she’ll be angry.  4.It’s amazing how often you see people______________(use) mobile phones while driving.  5. With the work______________ (finish),they went to the seaside for a holiday. 6. With so many people______________ (look) at her,she felt very nervous. 练习题答案： smoking解析：find sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事 displayed解析：want sth. done 想要某物被……，paintings 和 display 被动 reading解析：catch sb. doing 撞见某人正在做某事 using解析：see sb. doing 看见某人正在做 finished解析：with 复合结构，work 和 finish 被动完成 Looking解析：with 复合结构，people 和 look 主动进行 必修三U1 ：过去分词（v-ed）作状语 1.过去分词是 的一种形式，从意义上讲，它具有 和 两大特点.其逻辑主语通常是 . 2.过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示 ，相当于一个 。 3.过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，常位于 (如when、while、if、though、as if、unless...)之后，构成“ ”结构，使句意表达更清楚。 答案： 1. 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式，从意义上讲，它具有被动和完成两大特点.其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语. 2.过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式或结果，相当于一个 状语从句。 3.过去分词(短语)作状语时，有时为了强调，常位于连词(如when、while、if、though、as if、unless...)之后，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构，使句意表达更清楚。 练习： 1．When__________(ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 2．There are some health problems that, when not________(treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on. 3．Heavy rain struck the city in June,___________(cause) traffic problems and flooding in several areas. 4．__________(know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are a unique art form in Chinese folk culture. 5．__________(face) with a choice between arts and science, the girl didn't know which to choose because she had a deep interest and talent in both areas. 练习题答案 1.asked 2.treated 3.causing 4.Known 5.Faced 1. When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 语法点：状语从句省略 完整从句：When (Philip was) asked for his views... 主语 Philip 和动词 ask 是被动关系（菲利普被问到看法），省略主语 + be 动词，用过去分词 asked。 2. There are some health problems that, when not treated in time, can become bigger ones later on. 语法点：定语内嵌省略状语从句 完整从句：when (they are) not treated in time 先行词 health problems 和 treat 是被动（疾病被治疗），否定式直接放 not + 过去分词 treated。 3. Heavy rain struck the city in June, causing traffic problems and flooding in several areas. 语法点：现在分词作结果状语 主句 “大雨袭击城市” 自然而然带来后面 “造成拥堵、洪水” 的结果，主动关系，用现在分词 causing 表顺理成章的结果。 4. Known as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”， New Year paintings are a unique art form in Chinese folk culture. 语法点：过去分词作状语，固定搭配 be known as（作为…… 闻名） 逻辑主语 New Year paintings 和 know 是被动（年画被称作……），去掉 be 动词，用 Known 放句首。 5. Faced with a choice between arts and science, the girl didn't know which to choose because she had a deep interest and talent in both areas. 语法点：固定短语 be faced with（面临） 逻辑主语 the girl 和 face 构成搭配 be faced with，表 “人面临……”，省略主语 be 动词，用 Faced。 补充区分：若主语能主动发出 face 动作用 Facing，例：Facing the hard choice, she hesitated. 必修三U2 ：过去分词（v-ed）作定语 1.单个的过去分词作定语时,相当于 通常放在所修饰的名词 ,分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是_______________。 2. 过去分词短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词 ，相当于一个 从句。所修饰的名词是过去分词的逻辑主语。 答案： 1.单个的过去分词作定语时，相当于定语从句，通常放在所修饰的名词前面，分词与所修饰的名词在逻辑上是被动关系。 2.过去分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名词后面，相当于一个被动语态定语从句。 练习： 1. The__________(pollute) water resulted in the spread of the disease. 2. The book _____________ (publish) ten years ago is still a best-seller today. 3. All the books ___________(borrow) from the library must be returned next Saturday. 4. Most of the people ____________(invite) to the conference were my old friends. 5. The man __________ (plant) trees in front of the building is our teacher. 练习题答案 1． polluted 解析：water 和 pollute 是被动关系，“被污染的水”，单个过去分词前置作定语。 2． published 解析：book 和 publish 被动，“十年前出版的书”，过去分词短语后置作定语。 3． borrowed 解析：books 和 borrow 被动，“从图书馆借来的书”，分词短语后置。 4． invited 解析：people 和 invite 被动，“被邀请参会的人”，后置定语。 5． planting 解析：man 和 plant 是主动关系（人种树），不能用过去分词，改用现在分词作后置定语。 必修三U3 ：现在完成时的被动语态 （have/has been done） 1.现在完成时：____________________ ，表示动作发生在过去，但重点强调这个动作对现在造成的影响和结果。(动作过去，落脚现在) 2. 现在完成时（或现在完成时的被动语态）的标志词： 副词：already, ever, recently，yet（否定句） 时间状语：so far, by now, up till now, since+时间点(过去)， for+时间段， in the past/last few years... 句型：This is the first time that......(从句用现在完成时) 答案： 现在完成时：have/has + 过去分词，表示动作发生在过去，但重点强调这个动作对现在造成的影响和结果。 练习： 1.A lot of survivors ______________________(rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday. 2.For her excellent work, so far she ___________________(choose) as the “model teacher” several times. 3. You shouldn't leave school before your homework ______________________(finish). 4. Their new house ________________________(decorate) for two months and they will settle in it soon. 5. Our classroom ____________________(clean), so you needn't clean it again now. 练习题答案： 1． have been rescued 解析：主语 survivors 复数；since yesterday 是现完标志；幸存者 “被营救”，被动。 2． has been chosen 解析：主语 she 单数；so far 现完标志；她 “被选为模范教师”，被动。 3． has been finished 解析：homework 单数；作业 “被完成”，强调现在结果，现完被动。 4． has been decorated 解析：house 单数；for two months 现完时长；房子 “被装修”，被动。 5． has been cleaned 解析：教室已经打扫完，现在不用再打扫，现完被动表当前结果。 必修三U4 ：现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are being done) 1. 现在进行时：____________________ ，表示说话时正在进行或正在发生的动作。或者现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 现在进行时的被动语态：____________________，表示说话时正在进行的 动作。或者现阶段正在进行的被动动作。 3.标志词：now、at the moment（现在、此刻）等时间状语。 答案： · 现在进行时：am/is/are + doing，表示说话时正在进行或正在发生的动作。或者现阶段正在进行的动作。 · 现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are being + 过去分词，表示说话时正在进行的 被动 动作。或者现阶段正在进行的被动动作。 练习： 1. Huge quantities of good soil __________________ (wash) away because floods happen frequently in that area. 2. A new kind of drug ___________________ (develop) by the scientists and they are hopeful that they will succeed in a couple of months. 3. The best cake __________________ (make) by my mom now. Please wait an hour to enjoy it. 4. Football ______________(love) by more and more people. 5. The problem_____________________ (discuss) at the meeting. 练习题答案： 1． are being washed 解析：quantities of + 名词作主语，谓语用复数；土壤 “正在被冲走”，进行时被动。 2． is being developed 解析：drug 单数；新药此刻 / 现阶段正在被研发，进行时被动。 3． is being made 解析：cake 单数；now 为进行时标志，蛋糕正在被制作。 4． is loved 解析：陈述客观常态，并非 “此刻正在被喜爱”，用一般现在时被动，不用进行被动。 5． is being discussed 解析：问题此刻正在会议上被讨论，进行时被动。 必修三U5 ：过去将来时 1．过去将来时表示 ，常用于 中，通常由“ ”构成。 表达方法 用法 was/were going to do 表示过去 做某事或客观 要发生某事 was/were to do 表示过去 将要做某事 was/were about to do 表示 某事 was/were＋doing　 仅限于 等 动词来表示过去将来时 答案： 1．过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作，常用于宾语从句中，通常由“would＋动词原形”构成。 表达方法 用法 was/were going to do 表示过去打算/计划做某事或客观迹象表明要发生某事 was/were to do 表示过去计划或安排将要做某事 was/were about to do 表示过去正要做某事 was/were＋doing　 仅限于go、come、leave、start、take off等位移动词来表示过去将来时 练习： 1.He said he 　 　　　 (go) to the north for the holiday. 2.Her father 　 　　　 (feel) happy when she brought him a gift full of love.  3.He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing　　　 　 (grow) there.  4.We were informed that the leaders 　 　　 (come) to our school soon.  5.They never knew that the population 　　 　　 (become) a big problem.  练习题答案： 1． would go 解析：主句 said 为过去时，从句站在过去看未来，用 would do。 2． would feel 解析：从过去视角预判她送礼物后父亲将会开心，would + 动词原形。 3． was going to grow /would grow 解析：工作人员表示这片土地将来长不出植物，过去将来。 4． were coming 解析：come 位移动词，用过去进行时表过去将来（领导很快要来）。 5． would become 解析：knew 是过去时，他们当时不知道人口将会成为大难题，would do。 第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $